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Journal articles on the topic 'The institutional memory hypothesis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 May 2022

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1

Burakov, Dmitry. "Retesting the institutional memory hypothesis: An experimental study." Panoeconomicus 65, no. 4 (2018): 441–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan160105003b.

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In this article, we set ourselves a task to test institutional memory hypothesis as a core of endogenous credit cycles. According to this hypothesis, risks taken by creditors depend largely on availability heuristic and experience of loan officers. To assess validity of this hypothesis we construct and estimate a simple VAR model. The data for this model is acquired from results of an experimental study (lasted for 70 rounds), the purpose of which is to identify behavioral patterns of participants while meeting demand for credit, specifics of subjectively weighted assessment of credit risk, based on shock approach. The results of the study allow confirming institutional memory hypothesis. After initial shock of bad debts, number of periods to recover willingness to accept risk has increased by 39%, which supports the hypothesis of availability heuristic?s influence. However, with improvement of loan portfolio?s quality, willingness to take risk is restoring. In addition, we managed to confirm existence of risk?s underestimation and overestimation periods in an experimental manner.

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Berger, Allen N., and Gregory F. Udell. "The Institutional Memory Hypothesis and the Procyclicality of Bank Lending Behavior." Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2002, no. 02 (December 2002): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/feds.2003.02.

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3

Berger, Allen N., and Gregory F. Udell. "The institutional memory hypothesis and the procyclicality of bank lending behavior." Journal of Financial Intermediation 13, no. 4 (October 2004): 458–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfi.2004.06.006.

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4

Horodecka, Anna, and Liudmyla Vozna. "THE THEORY OF LONG WAVES AND INSTITUTIONAL СHANGES: THE MEMORY OF GENERATIONS HYPOTHESIS." PRACE NAUKOWE UNIWERSYTETU EKONOMICZNEGO WE WROCŁAWIU, no. 509 (2018): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/pn.2018.509.08.

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5

Dworak, Janusz. "Historical, collective, institutional and market memory (Development of emergent phenomena)." WSB Journal of Business and Finance 53, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/wsbjbf-2019-0009.

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Abstract The article is of interdisciplinary nature with its emphasis laid on sociology. Its aim is to present some considerations on the way in which emergent phenomena1 are created. The question whether the reasoning based on analogy fosters phenomena related to the emergence of new notions comes as the research problem that the author tries to solve. The research hypothesis is formulated as the following statement: applying analogy,2 considerations which refer to historical memory allow additional notions, such as collective, institutional and market memory, to emerge. In the article, the research method applied in order to achieve the assumed aim is the grounded theory3 because it allows us to generate knowledge in numerous fields. During the articulation of theoretical annotations,4 new emerging notions come as a good starting point for further studies on various types of memory, and consequently, they determine their usability in practice. In the article, the annotations are placed in the footnotes and they present the author’s thoughts and reflections presented by people who have been consulted with regard to the discussed problems. Presented in the theoretical part of the article, the reference to scientific achievements in the field of marketing memory is actually very difficult because they are extremely scarce. Historical memory may be seen as knowledge resources recorded in some past stories, diaries and specialist publications; it also refers to artefacts collected in museums and to historical monuments that represent the culture of a particular society. Collective memory refers to historical awareness that is manifested by the cultivation of traditions and customs, reconstruction of buildings in which previous generations used to live. The concept of institutional memory is related to a specific vector that provides collective memory with magnitude and direction in the form of interpretation of events; it can be considered as a resultant of exogenous and endogenous processes taking place in a society. On the basis of those considerations, another type of memory appears: market memory as a new category of knowledge. The essence of market memory comes down reminding various communities about products the consumption of which is supposed to satisfy their needs at a specific level, but it will also lead to the replacement of currently operating devices with new and more advanced ones.

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Mahboob Ali, Muhammad, Aviral Kumar Tiwari, and Naveed Raza. "Impact of return on long-memory data set of volatility of Dhaka Stock Exchange market with the role of financial institutions: an empirical analysis." Banks and Bank Systems 12, no. 3 (August 29, 2017): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.12(3).2017.04.

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The current study intends to empirically test a relationship between long-memory features in returns and volatility of Dhaka Stock Exchange market. As such, the study uses the ARFIMA-FIGARCH and FIPARCH structure for the daily data ranging from 15 December 2003 to July 31, 2013 of Dhaka Stock Exchange market index, i.e., DSE General Index (DGEN). The observed indication assembled from long-memory tests supports the occurrence of long memory in Bangladesh stock returns. The study aims at doing research work with long-memory data set, as it provides a superior strategy, as well as gives real picture with short-memory data set. Moreover, the backup indication for existence of long memory in both return and volatility denies the efficient market hypothesis of Fama (1970) that the future return and volatility values are unpredictable. Extra measures ought to be given for the smooth functioning of the Dhaka Stock Exchange market so that both individual and institutional investors can get congenial atmosphere to invest. Authors’ suggested that Bangladesh Bank must play vital role as share market of Bangladesh is dominated by banking shares and in case of other listed shares of the Dhaka Stock Exchange, market authority should deal with transparently and fairly so that the market can be transformed into strong efficient market. This requires suitable directives, groundwork, removing malpractices and also implementation of investors’ friendly decisions. Further, fiscal policy of the country should be pro investor friendly, as well as monetary policy should work as complementary towards investment at stock exchange market as suggested by the authors.

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KOZIUK, Viktor. "CONFIDENCE TO DIGITAL CURRENCIES OF CENTRAL BANKS: INSTITUTIONAL PARADOX OR AGE MATTERS." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 2(63) (2020): 08–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2020.02.008.

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Introduction. Technological innovations potentially can change monetary systems. The paper raises important problem of confidence in central bank digital currency (CBDC). Because the level of such confidence is variable across countries, it is assumed, that in the core of confidence in CBDC are non-fundamental factors. The purpose is to share the institutional analysis of money on digital currencies and empirical testing of the hypothesis, that confidence in CBDC is not determined by theoretically-driven factors, yet specific factors like age structure of the population. Results. Basing on institutional approach on money it is found that problem of trust into digital currencies is differ that problem of trust into the money during they genesis. It is because of competition between different money forms, different level of issue centralization, different barriers of perception of innovations in area of digitalized money. It is pointed, that confidence in CBDC is not in relations with neither inflation experience of the country, nor spread of fintech in the country. Central banks transparency and rule of law as a criteria of current monetary order efficiency are not in line with the confidence in CBDS. In the same time fraction of younger generation is positively and relatively strongly correlated with confidence in CBDS. Basing on that, some theoretical generalizations are done about fragmentation of such phenomena as “common knowledge” and “money is memory”. Such fragmentation is driven by innovation perception barriers. Nevertheless, it is not deny that confidence in CBDS can expand due to network externalities. Conclusions: The hypothesis, that confidence in CBDS age-driven, is confirmed. This brings new understanding into institutional analysis of money. “Common knowledge” as driver of trust in money could be fragmented, that shouldn’t deny importance of network externalities for further expansion of digitalized money

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Alexandre, Paulo, Rui Dias, and Paula Heliodoro. "HOW LONG IS THE MEMORY OF THE REGION LAC STOCK MARKET?" Balkans Journal of Emerging Trends in Social Sciences 3, no. 2 (December 2020): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/balkans.jetss.2020.3.2.131-137.

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Coronavirus Covid-19 is a type of outbreak that first appeared in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. It was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 12, 2020. This trial aims to test the hypothesis of an efficient market, in its weak form, in the context of the global pandemic, in the financial markets of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Mexico. The sample comprises daily data from July 2015 to June 2020 and is divided into two sub-periods pre and during Covid-19. The purpose of this analysis was to answer whether: i) the global pandemic (Covid-19) increased synchronization in the financial markets under analysis? ii) if so, could the persistence of profitability delimit the hypothesis of portfolio diversification? The results of the Gregory-Hansen test show very significant levels of integration in the periods before and during the Covid pandemic. In addition, we found that most of the breaks in structure are in March 2020. The results of the DFA exponents show that during the pre-Covid period, the Peruvian market shows persistence, suggesting signs of inefficiency (long memories), while the Argentinean market shows anti persistence, and the remaining markets show an equilibrium trend. In addition, we found that during the VOCID period the Chilean and Colombia markets show very significant signs of inefficiency, with moderate signs of in (efficiency) the Argentinean, Brazilian and Peruvian markets. In addition, we verified that the Mexican market shows signs of anti-persistence. In conclusion, the emerging markets of Latin America show, for the most part, long persistent and significant memories during the Covid pandemic outbreak, that is, they show signs of in (efficiency). The authors consider that the results achieved are of interest to investors seeking opportunities in these stock exchanges, as well as to policy makers to carry out institutional reforms in order to increase the efficiency of stock markets and promote the sustainable growth of financial markets.

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Mink, Georges. "Is there a new institutional response to the crimes of Communism? National memory agencies in post-Communist countries: the Polish case (1998–2014), with references to East Germany." Nationalities Papers 45, no. 6 (November 2017): 1013–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2017.1360853.

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Post-Communist Europe has not chosen to imitate the Truth and Justice or Truth and Reconciliation Commissions set up on several other continents. The notion of reconciliation with the Communist regime is not of much interest to certain political parties, many of which are rooted in the protest against the compromises that were part of the negotiated revolutions. The model admired by post-Communist countries was the one conceived by the Germans. Almost all the countries founded specific institutions – institutes – for managing memory, with archives located in these institutes. Some have archives that date from before World War II to 1990; they handle both totalitarianisms. What is feared is that through the game of partisan appointments, these institutes will become little more than instruments in less than honest hands for use in political contests. This is especially likely given that the Polish Institute of National Memory (IPN) employees perform several functions: classification, prosecution, and evaluating individual applicants to certain administrative positions. The specialized literature usually explains the trials and tribulations of Poland's IPN in terms of the personalities of its different directors and the period in which each occupied that post. In this paper, we have verified this hypothesis.

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Behere, Rishikesh V., Gopikrishna Deshpande, Souvik Kumar Bandyopadhyay, and Chittaranjan Yajnik. "Maternal vitamin B12, folate during pregnancy and neurocognitive outcomes in young adults of the Pune Maternal Nutrition Study (PMNS) prospective birth cohort: study protocol." BMJ Open 11, no. 9 (September 2021): e046242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046242.

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IntroductionThe Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis proposes that intrauterine and early life exposures significantly influence fetal development and risk for disease in later life. Evidence from prospective birth cohorts suggests a role for maternal B12 and folate in influencing neurocognitive outcomes in the offspring. In the Indian setting, B12 deficiency is common during the pregnancy while rates of folate deficiency are lower. The long-term influences of maternal nutrition during the pregnancy on adult neurocognitive outcomes have not been examined. The Pune Maternal Nutrition Study (PMNS) is a preconceptional birth cohort into its 24th year and is considered a unique resource to study the DOHaD hypothesis. We found an association between maternal B12 status in pregnancy and child’s neurocognitive status at 9 years of age. We now plan to assess neurocognitive function and MRI measurements of brain structural–functional connectivity at young adult age to study its association with maternal nutritional exposures during the pregnancy.Methods and analysisAs part of ongoing prospective follow-up in young adults of the PMNS at the Diabetes Unit, KEM Hospital Research Center, Pune India, the following measurements will be done: neurocognitive performance (Standardised Tests of Intelligence, Verbal and Visual Memory, Attention and Executive Functions), temperament (Adult Temperament Questionnaire), psychopathology (Brief Symptom Inventory and Clinical Interview on Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview 7.0). Brain MRI for structural T1, resting-state functional connectivity and diffusion tensor imaging will be performed on a subset of the cohort (selected based on exposure to a lower or higher maternal B12 status at 18 weeks of pregnancy).Ethics and disseminationThe study is approved by Institutional ethics committee of KEM Hospital Research Center, Pune. The results will be shared at national and international scientific conferences and published in peer-reviewed scientific journals.Trial registration numberNCT03096028

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De Assis, Emerson Francisco. "Reflexões sobre Políticas de Segurança Públicas no Brasil atual: consequências de uma Justiça de Transição falha? | Reflections on Public Security Policies in Brazil today: consequences of a failed Transitional Justice?" Mural Internacional 11 (November 26, 2020): e47999. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/rmi.2020.47999.

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Este trabalho visa analisar como as políticas de segurança públicas de “combate” ao crime e incentivo ao aumento de letalidade policial, atualmente adotadas a nível federal e em vários estados da federação foram incentivadas pelo legado de autoritarismo ainda presentes no Brasil, devido a uma Justiça de Transição falha. A pesquisa discute a hipótese de que o processo transicional brasileiro, quanto aos eixos do direito à verdade e memória e reformas institucionais permitiu que discursos e práticas autoritárias permanecessem nas políticas de segurança pública e acabassem reforçadas com governos mais à direita na presidência e em alguns estados. Para tanto, o artigo adota referencial teórico de Justiça de Transição em Direitos Humanos e Ciência Política, bem como, discute políticas de segurança públicas adotadas e/ou propostas pelos atuais governos Federal e do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, através de dados oficiais e informações da mídia nacional e internacional. Palavras-Chaves: Justiça de Transição. Reformas Institucionais. Segurança Pública. ABSTRACTthis paper aims to analyze how public security policies that “fights” crime and increasing police lethality have been intensified since the end of the decade of 2010 in Brazil at the federal level and in several states were encouraged by the legacy of authoritarianism still present in Brazil, due to a failed Transitional Justice. The research discusses the hypothesis that the Brazilian transitional process, regarding the axes of the truth and memory rights and institutional reforms, allowed authoritarian discourses and practices to remain in public security policies and end up reinforced with right-wing governments in the Brazilian presidency and in some states. To this end, the article adopts a theoretical approach to Transitional Justice in Human Rights and Political Science, as well as discusses public security policies adopted or proposed by the current Federal and Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo state governments, through official data and information from national and international media.Keywords: Transitional Justice. Institutional reforms. Public security. Recebido em 25 jan. 2020 | Aceito em 16 out. 2020.

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Cherry, Katie E., Marla J. Erwin, and Priscilla D. Allen. "AGING KNOWLEDGE AND SELF-REPORTED AGEISM." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.314.

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Abstract The term, ageism, refers to any form of personal or institutional prejudice or discrimination based on chronological age. Ageism may encompass attitudes and prejudices, as well as behaviors, highlighting the complex nature of ageist behaviors observed among students and professionals alike (Allen, Cherry, & Palmore, 2009). We examined the prevalence of self-reported ageist behaviors in a sample of college students who ranged in age from 18 to 44 years to test the hypothesis that aging knowledge would be associated with self-reported ageist behaviors (positive and negative). The study sample was comprised of adults who were enrolled in classes at Louisiana State University (n = 110). Most of these students were traditional aged college students (18-25 years old). Participants completed the Relating to Older People Evaluation (ROPE; Cherry & Palmore, 2008), the Facts on Aging Quiz (FAQ; Palmore, 1998), and the Knowledge of Memory Aging Questionnaire (KMAQ: Cherry et al., 2003). Results indicated that positive ageist behaviors were more frequent than negative ageist behaviors. Men endorsed positive and negative ageism items more than women reported. Follow-up analyses on participants’ responses to the two aging knowledge questionnaires showed that increased knowledge of aging was significantly correlated with diminished reports of negative ageist behaviors, after controlling for age and gender. These results imply that self-reported ageist behaviors are associated with aging knowledge. Strengthening college curricula by including course offerings in adult development and aging may improve self-reported ageist behaviors among college students.

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Timoshkin, D. O. "Dreams about an Overcome Boundary: Street Children, Venders, Urban Political Regimes in “Wars of Memories” about the City of the “Nineties”." Journal of Political Theory, Political Philosophy and Sociology of Politics Politeia 100, no. 1 (March 11, 2021): 106–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30570/2078-5089-2021-100-1-106-136.

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The article analyzes the images of the Irkutsk city center in the memories of the representatives of two marginal groups — street children and venders, who lived and worked there from 1999 to 2006, as well as its mo dern images in the public statements of the urban elites. The aim of the study is to identify the functions that the city center performed during the years of deep social transformations and to reveal why today one wants to forget about it as soon as possible. The author argues that the places mentioned by the respondents and the actions performed in those places largely shaped the current ideas about the period of social chaos in the “post-Soviet” city — a period of uncertainty, violence and fear. Today, these places and functions are mostly memories, which are gradually being replaced by the simplified and emotionally rich myths about the past that are being broadcast by the urban political regimes. The latter displace marginal groups from the center and change the places they previously occupied, simultaneously altering the collective memory associated with these places. The article puts forward and justifies a hypothesis that starting from the mid-1990s and almost until the end of the 2000s these territories were used by the majority of citizens as an extra-institutional interface necessary for connecting to the city resource node. This function has become the primary cause of fierce conflicts, during which numerous enforcers tried to establish a monopoly on the collection of rents from the human and resource flows concentrated there. The image of the center as a deviant place was constructed simultaneously by the urban regimes and marginal groups: the former used it as a weapon in the struggle for the “right to the city,” the latter associated it with the collective trauma they had experienced.

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Fernandez, Kylie, Melissa Merz, Camelia Kuhnen, Joseph Schmidt, and Nichole Lighthall. "Gain/Loss Framing Effects on Learning in Economic Decision Making Investigated with Eye Tracking." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (September 2017): 1166–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601775.

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Previous research has revealed a domain-based bias when people estimate payout likelihoods for probabilistic choice options that minimize losses versus those that maximize gains (Kuhnen, 2015). For instance, in economic boom situations, people overestimate how valuable a low profit stock is. Conversely, in economic recession situations, individuals underestimate stocks that minimize losses. Cognitive neuroscience posits that gain and loss information is processed differently in the brain (Knutson and Bossaerts, 2007; Kuhnen and Knutson, 2005), but the precise mechanisms of these domain differences are still unclear. The current study investigated two potential causes of this domain-based bias. Bias may be driven by a high magnitude effect, owing to greater salience for large gains and losses and subsequent overweighting in probability estimations. This would be evidenced by enhanced attention and memory for stimuli associated with high-magnitude dividend choice options and payouts. Domain-based bias in probability estimations could also be driven by incongruence between objective probabilities and dividend payout valence (e.g., “bad” choice options in the gain domain; “good” choice options in the loss domain; valence incongruence effect). If true, we would expect enhanced estimation errors, reaction times (RT), and attention when there is incongruence between the valence of choice payout probabilities and their payouts. To test these hypotheses, 26 students from the University of Central Florida (UCF) participated in an economic decision-making study. The main task involved choosing between pairs of stocks (probabilistic payouts) and bonds (sure-thing payouts). Choice pairs were embedded in either a gain or loss block, with both choice options paying either positive or negative dividends, respectively. Stocks within a block were pseudorandomly drawn from either the “good distribution” (70% high payouts) or the “bad distribution” (30% high payouts). After choosing a security, the stock payout was shown and participants were then asked to estimate the probability that the current stock was drawn from the good distribution. Performance bonus payments were paid based on accurate stock probability estimates and 10% of the total earned from stock/bond choices. The study was approved by the UCF Institutional Review Board. Eye movements were recorded throughout to measure overt visual attention as a potential mechanism of domainbased bias. Measures included the fixation duration on each stimulus (dwell time) and average number of oscillations between choice options to determine when and where one looks (Carpenter and McDonald, 2007). Interest areas were created a priori around each critical stimulus in the choice and stock payout phases. To test memory for choice and stock payout phases, participants completed an incidental memory test at the end of the experiment. Here memory was assessed for fractal images associated with each stock and bond option, as well as face images associated with each stock payout (“stockbrokers”). The critical dependent variables to measure domain-based bias were estimation error, response time, oscillation between choice stimuli, and stimulus dwell time. The impact of memory, attention, and congruence of information on measures of domain-based estimation bias was examined with 2 x2 domain (gain, loss) by dividend payout (high, low payout) repeated-measures analysis of variance models (ANOVA). Mixed effects modeling was used to examine the power of outcome RT and visual dwell time to predict probability estimate bias. Behavioral results. Consistent with the valence incongruence hypothesis, absolute errors for stock payout probabilities were relatively higher when gain-domain stocks had worse expected values (gain stock was “bad”) than associated bonds and when loss-domain stocks had better expected values than associated bonds (loss stock was “good”). In addition, RT during the choice phase was greater in the loss domain, as participants had to update their estimations the stock came from the “good distribution” even though it only lost money. For stock payout RT, the mixed effects model found an interaction of domain, payout magnitude, and outcome RT where the longer participants spent on gain outcome screens, the more positive their bias and the longer they spent on loss outcome screens, the more negative their bias. Results from the two incidental memory test scores did not reveal any main effects or interactions of domain or dividend payout, lessening support for the high magnitude hypothesis. The data provide support for both attentional effects. Eye tracking data. Greater oscillations between stock and bond options at choice was observed in the loss condition, suggesting greater choice uncertainty when stocks lose money. Stimulus dwell times were higher in the loss domain during the choice phase but did not differ by dividend payout. However, the mixed effects model found an interaction of domain and stock dwell times where the longer participants spent on gain information, the more positive their bias and the longer they spent on loss information, the more negative their bias. The mix of results provide support for both attentional effects. The behavioral results were in line with previous research (Kuhnen, 2015). Together with the eye tracking data, the results support the both the valence incongruence and high magnitude effects. We have evidence that one effect influences overall error rate (incongruence) and the other drives the direction of the error (magnitude). Thus, future interventions should consider both effects when seeking to improve decision making.

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Conti, C. Richard. "Institutional Memory." Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications 3, no. 4 (February 1, 2019): 443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15212/cvia.2017.0017.

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Byrne, Alex. "Institutional memory and memory institutions." Australian Library Journal 64, no. 4 (September 17, 2015): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049670.2015.1073657.

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CAREY, W. D. "On Institutional Memory." Science 234, no. 4772 (October 3, 1986): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.234.4772.9.

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Fincher, Cameron. "Improving institutional memory." Research in Higher Education 26, no. 4 (1987): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00992376.

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Leavitt, Lester. "Institutional Memory and ICT." International Journal of Information Communication Technologies and Human Development 5, no. 3 (July 2013): 41–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jicthd.2013070103.

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This paper presents an expansive view of the theory behind an emerging information communication technology that is being developed to provide marginalised populations with the tools they need to unify their voices. The system allows for the capture of their crowd-sourced artistic creativity and engineers an algorithm that makes the media retrievable as policy-supporting narrative threads. This ICT is seen as critically important because of how powerful lobbyists, funded by global elites and predatory capitalists, have consistently been successful in skewing the outcomes of policymaking decisions and elections. The system is firmly rooted in established governing narrative theory and is consistent with the small-group, consensus-building organisational theories that have been advocated by some of the most respected authors in the field since the 1970s.

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Frank, Gelya. "Thoughts on institutional memory." Narrative Inquiry 9, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.9.1.11fra.

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Armstrong, Scott. "“Preserving the institutional memory”." Government Publications Review 16, no. 4 (July 1989): 331–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9390(89)90002-2.

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O’Connor, Christopher M. "Does Institutional Memory Matter?" JACC: Heart Failure 5, no. 8 (August 2017): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2017.07.001.

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Myslyakova, Yu G. "Fundamentals of Economic Genetics in Models of Evolution and Revitalization of Old Industrial Regions." Journal of Applied Economic Research 20, no. 3 (2021): 489–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.020.

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The review article is devoted to a search for unconventional solutions to established problems of old industrial regions. The economy of historically industrial territories is under the influence of long-term and complex factors of industrial specialization, socio-demographic processes, cultural and moral norms of the population, as well as political fronts. These factors are involved in modeling the system of "hereditary memory" of regions, which is responsible for regional predisposition to a certain type of innovative, social, industrial, political and other processes. The aim of the study is to identify genetic codes that determine the specific features of socio-economic transformations in old industrial regions. The hypothesis of the research is that the socio-economic development of an old industrial region is to a certain extent determined by a system of its interrelated genetic codes that determine the established specialization and predisposition of the territory to various endogenous processes. The methodology of the survey study is made up of the methods of system-functional and system-historical analysis of scientific publications, reflecting solutions to the problems of socio-economic development of old industrial regions. It is substantiated that each old industrial region has “defining” genetic codes: production, social and institutional ones. Together, these codes represent the fundamental hereditary program of the economic evolution of the territory and contain a set of endogenous factors of the development of the territory, formed and transmitted from generation to generation in the process of the life of society. It is shown that each region also has “dynamic” genetic codes that can be identified as innovative, infrastructural and sociocultural. All these codes are generated at the level of the connections of "defining" codes; they are able to cause revitalization of territories and ensure further stages of the evolutionary development of the territories under consideration, provided that these compounds are not defective. The scientific novelty of the results lies in the development of theoretical and methodological provisions of economic genetics as a modern interdisciplinary science, allowing one to understand in a new way the determinants and patterns of development of industrial regions, based on the experience of old industrial territories. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of their use by the authorities as an additional tool for the development of tactical and strategic solutions to stable problems of historically industrial territories, increasing the effectiveness of their implementation.

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Sharp, John E. "Who's Minding Your Institutional Memory?" Journal of Religious & Theological Information 3, no. 1 (June 2000): 19–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j112v03n01_04.

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Riehle, Richard. "Institutional memory and risk management." ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes 32, no. 6 (November 2007): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1317471.1317477.

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Wood-Black, Frankie. "Safety culture and institutional memory." Journal of Chemical Health and Safety 21, no. 6 (November 2014): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchas.2014.09.006.

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Devanand, D. P., Howard Andrews, William C. Kreisl, Qolamreza Razlighi, Anne Gershon, Yaakov Stern, Akiva Mintz, et al. "Antiviral therapy: Valacyclovir Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (VALAD) Trial: protocol for a randomised, double-blind,placebo-controlled, treatment trial." BMJ Open 10, no. 2 (February 2020): e032112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032112.

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IntroductionAfter infection, herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV1) becomes latent in the trigeminal ganglion and can enter the brain via retrograde axonal transport. Recurrent reactivation of HSV1 may lead to neurodegeneration and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. HSV1 (oral herpes) and HSV2 (genital herpes) can trigger amyloid beta-protein (Aβ) aggregation and HSV1 DNA is common in amyloid plaques. Anti-HSV drugs reduce Aβ and phosphorylated tau accumulation in cell-culture models. Cognitive impairment is greater in patients with HSV seropositive, and antiviral drugs show robust efficacy against peripheral HSV infection. Recent studies of electronic health records databases demonstrate that HSV infections increase dementia risk, and that antiviral medication treatment reduces this risk. The generic antiviral drug valacyclovir was superior to placebo in improving memory in a schizophrenia pilot trial but has not been tested in AD.Methods and analysisIn patients with mild AD who test positive for HSV1 or HSV2 serum antibodies, valacyclovir, repurposed as an anti-AD drug, will be compared with placebo (lactose pills) in 130 patients (65 valacyclovir and 65 placebo) in a randomised, double-blind, 78-week phase II proof-of-concept trial. Patients on valacyclovir, dose-titrated from 2 g to a targeted oral dose of 4 g daily, compared with placebo, are hypothesised to show smaller cognitive and functional decline, and, using18F-Florbetapir positron emission tomography (PET) and18F-MK-6240 PET imaging, to show less amyloid and tau accumulation, respectively. In the lumbar puncture subsample, cerebrospinal fluid acyclovir will be assayed to assess central nervous system valacyclovir penetration.Ethics and disseminationThe trial is being overseen by the New York State Psychiatric Institute Institutional Review Board (protocol 7537), the National Institute on Ageing, and the Data Safety Monitoring Board. Written informed consent is obtained for all subjects. Results will be disseminated via publication, clinicaltrials.gov, media and conferences.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT03282916) Pre-results.

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Keep, Christopher. "Institutional Memory: History, Disciplinarity, and Victorian Studies." Victorian Review 33, no. 1 (2007): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/vcr.2007.0031.

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Brownlie, Siobhan. "Institutional memory and translating at the DGT." Translator 23, no. 1 (August 2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2016.1201636.

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Shchedrova, Galina Petrivna. "Institutional memory: conceptualization within political science discourse." Politicus, no. 5 (2021): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2414-9616.2021-5.3.

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Aghion, Philippe, John Van Reenen, and Luigi Zingales. "Innovation and Institutional Ownership." American Economic Review 103, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 277–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.103.1.277.

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We find that greater institutional ownership is associated with more innovation. To explore the mechanism, we contrast the “lazy manager” hypothesis with a model where institutional owners increase innovation incentives through reducing career risks. The evidence favors career concerns. First, we find complementarity between institutional ownership and product market competition, whereas the lazy manager hypothesis predicts substitution. Second, CEOs are less likely to be fired in the face of profit downturns when institutional ownership is higher. Finally, using instrumental variables, policy changes, and disaggregating by type of institutional owner, we argue that the effect of institutions on innovation is causal. (JEL G23, G32, L25, M10, O31, O34)

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Graboyes, Melissa, and Hannah Carr. "Institutional memory, institutional capacity: narratives of failed biomedical encounters in East Africa." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue canadienne des études africaines 50, no. 3 (September 2016): 361–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2016.1266678.

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El-Gamal, Mahmoud A., and Deockhyun Ryu. "Short-memory and the PPP hypothesis." Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 30, no. 3 (March 2006): 361–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jedc.2005.01.001.

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34

Khan, A. U. "Evolutionary hypothesis of long-term memory." Medical Hypotheses 54, no. 6 (June 2000): 954–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/mehy.1999.0993.

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Meiser, Thorsten, and Karl Christoph Klauer. "Working memory and changing-state hypothesis." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 25, no. 5 (1999): 1272–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.25.5.1272.

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36

Robinson, Peter. "Attention, Memory, and the “Noticing” Hypothesis." Language Learning 45, no. 2 (June 1995): 283–331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1995.tb00441.x.

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Siegel, J. M. "The REM Sleep-Memory Consolidation Hypothesis." Science 294, no. 5544 (November 2, 2001): 1058–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1063049.

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38

Tang, Chor Foon, and Eu Chye Tan. "Tourism-Led Growth Hypothesis: A New Global Evidence." Cornell Hospitality Quarterly 59, no. 3 (October 12, 2017): 304–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1938965517735743.

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The primary aim of this study is to determine whether the tourism-led growth hypothesis is globally valid by accounting for countries’ income levels and their institutional qualities, against a panel dataset of 167 countries. The institutional qualities referred to are political stability and corruption control. We employ the dynamic panel generalized method of moments (GMM) approach to examine the relationship. It can be inferred from the exercise that tourism positively contributes to economic growth but the effect varies across countries at different levels of income and institutional qualities. Therefore, the effect of tourism on economic growth is contingent on levels of income and institutional qualities of the host tourism countries. Policy initiatives that aim to promote and strengthen institutional qualities should be undertaken for a country to enjoy the beneficial impact of tourism on economic growth and development.

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Harris, Rhonda E. "KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER – HOW DO WE RETAIN INSTITUTIONAL MEMORY?" Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2004, no. 16 (January 1, 2004): 1261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864704784147593.

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40

Follini, Beth. "VI. Institutional Responses to the False Memory Debate." Feminism & Psychology 7, no. 1 (February 1997): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959353597071008.

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Coffey, John W., and Robert R. Hoffman. "Knowledge modeling for the preservation of institutional memory." Journal of Knowledge Management 7, no. 3 (August 2003): 38–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13673270310485613.

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Linde, Charlotte. "The Transformation of Narrative Syntax into Institutional Memory." Narrative Inquiry 9, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 139–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.9.1.08lin.

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Narrative has been analyzed as a way of recounting the memory of the past and negotiating current group membership. But in an institutional context, it crucially functions to project the future, in constructing a record which can serve as an institutional memory available in case of possible challenges. Using as data an extended oral narrative from a social service agency about an incident of violence by a client, this study shows that the strongest structural constraints on the discourse and syntactic structure of the narrative are the requirements for a bureaucratically adequate written record. This analysis serves as a case study of how the larger social structure of legal requirements for adequate records serves to shape the structure of oral narrative, as well as a demonstration of the work oral narrative does in producing and reproducing institutional memory. (Discourse, Narrative, Memory, Bureaucratic Language, Language of Violence)

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Benjamin, Samuel Jebaraj, Zulkifflee Bin Mohamed, and M. Srikamaladevi Marathamuthu. "Institutional shareholders and dividend payout in Malaysia." Corporate Ownership and Control 12, no. 2 (2015): 329–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv12i2c2p7.

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This study seeks to furnish insights on institutional shareholders by assessing whether higher presence of institutional shareholders leads to higher dividend payout or vice versa in line with a particular version of the agency theory. The panel data consists of 100 Malaysian firms from the trading and services sector of Bursa Malaysia from the years 2005 to 2008. In line with the ‘efficient monitoring hypothesis’ theory of institutional shareholders and in conjunction with the outcome model of dividends, we find the presence of institutional shareholders results in higher dividends payout in Malaysia. In spite of the lower fraction of shareholding by institutional shareholders in Malaysia as compared to developed markets, it is clear from the results that the they in fact bring about a positive impact to the firms they invest in by resulting in higher dividends payments. We have provided a framework linking the two theories of dividends (outcome and substitute) and the three theories of institutional shareholders (efficient monitoring hypothesis, conflict of interest hypothesis and strategic alignment hypothesis) to better analyze the two broad ranging theories into greater depth

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Choi, Jean, and Natasha L'Hirondelle. "Object location memory: A direct test of the verbal memory hypothesis." Learning and Individual Differences 15, no. 3 (January 2005): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2005.02.001.

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Binnenkade, Alexandra. "Doing Memory." Journal of Educational Media, Memory, and Society 7, no. 2 (September 1, 2015): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jemms.2015.070203.

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This article outlines the “discursive node” as an approach to a cultural analysis of how memory is being done in history classrooms. Teaching is a practice embodied in the interactions between teachers and their audiences, between texts, imagery and institutional formations, and between material and immaterial participants in an activity that entails not only knowledge but also emotions, experience and values (Henry Giroux). Discursive nodes are useful metaphors that enable research of a phenomenon that is ontologically and empirically fluxional, heterogeneous, unstable, situative and fuzzy—memory.

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Salihu, Hamisu M. "Fetal death repetition: The event memory hypothesis." Medical Hypotheses 70, no. 3 (January 2008): 567–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2007.06.021.

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Gobet, Fernand, and Herbert A. Simon. "Expert Chess Memory: Revisiting the Chunking Hypothesis." Memory 6, no. 3 (May 1998): 225–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/741942359.

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Bucklew, J. A., and P. E. Ney. "Asymptotically Optimal Hypothesis Testing with Memory Constraints." Annals of Statistics 19, no. 2 (June 1991): 982–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/aos/1176348132.

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Nayak, R., S. Mitra-Kaushik, and M. S. Shaila. "Perpetuation of immunological memory: a relay hypothesis." Immunology 102, no. 4 (April 2001): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01205.x.

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Pyc, M. A., and K. A. Rawson. "Why Testing Improves Memory: Mediator Effectiveness Hypothesis." Science 330, no. 6002 (October 14, 2010): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1191465.

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