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Relevant bibliographies by topics / The Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini

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Academic literature on the topic 'The Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "The Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini"

1

Shkurtaj, Gelanda. "Kanuns in Albania and Bloodfeud According to Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini." European Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n1p442.

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In societies where it has been known and applied, bloodfeud is described as a possibly outdated and uncivilized mechanism, but often effective to limit violence. Indeed, both in form and substance the phenomenon itself is hard to be perceived and understood by the modern citizen of every country of the world, including Albania, where it is still active in some regions in respect of “Kanun”. In fact, the Albanian term 'Kanun' describes the body of traditional norms/standards and rules governing society in the field of criminal, civil and procedural laws. Its application or merely its existence in moral and legal standards makes a society safer, certainly referring to a society where the power of central authority, namely of the state, either did not exist or lacked. The greatest anthropological dilemma is just there, why does Kanun work in a modern state? In societies where blood feud has been present as a regulatory element of social conflicts it is accepted that its abolition or decline occurred only when another subject (the state), took over to intervene in these conflicting relationships, and to provide the resolution and regulation of social and economic relations through enforcement of rule of law, or the public order. And the question arises by itself: why the Albanian state did not take over the blood feud solution by use of public order? The Kanun does not recognize the state or the state does not recognize the Kanun? Why? It is not easy to get into such historic and social dilemmas, but a modest effort should be made. The answer to this fact should be found by the history of Albania. As a questioning remark, the reason for the long life of Kanun, rather called as self-regulatory law of the society, is due to the historic absence of a state on the side and interests of its citizens. Keywords: Kanun, Legal and Religious norms, Mechanic solidarity, Bloodfeud, Survival, State, Coexistence

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2

Qerimi, Islam. "Special institutes of the Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini and its application in contemporary time among the Albanians." Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Rijeci 41, no. 2 (2020): 591–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.30925/zpfsr.41.2.8.

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Svrha je ovog rada rasprava o primjeni nekih posebnih pravnih instituta Kanuna Lekë Dukagjina u suvremenom albanskom pravu. Tradicionalno, ovaj Kanun imao je, i još uvijek ima, utjecaj na svim područjima života Albanaca. Drugim riječima, primjena Kanuna još je izazov suvremenom pravnom sustavu jer narod nastavlja rješavati svoje prijepore temeljem Kanuna. Cilj ovog rada je objasniti pisano običajno pravo, istaknuti prednosti i mane njegove primjene kao i vezu s nekim pravilima javnog (kaznenog) i privatnog (građanskog) prava.

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3

Pritchard, Eleanor. "Nested comparisons: nation-building through comparative thinking about Albanian law." International Journal of Law in Context 12, no. 4 (November 9, 2016): 469–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552316000227.

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AbstractSince the late nineteenth century, ideas about law, both Albanian and ‘other’, have played significant parts in the development of a sense of ‘Albanian-ness’ and remain central to the ongoing construction of the nation. In this paper, I examine how comparative thinking about ‘Albanian law’ in northern Albania and predominantly Albanian Kosovo has contributed to nation-building aims, with particular reference to comparative thinking around the Kanun of Lekë Dukagjin, an early-twentieth-century legal code rooted in northern-Albanian customary practices. I look at this from two perspectives: comparative thinking by the law-writer in the Kanun and comparative thinking by a contemporaneous writer about the Kanun. Through these perspectives, we gain a more nuanced understanding of the intellectual context of the Kanun’s production than is reflected in the existing literature, and a glimpse of its continued relevance today to ideas of nation.

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4

Bardhoshi, Nebi. "Legal dynamics in a border area." Journal of Legal Anthropology 1, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 314–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jla.2013.010303.

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This article considers factors that have effected and influenced the continuity of the customary law named the Kanun of Lek Dukagjini in some areas of Albanian and Kosovo. It draws on ethnographic data on the border area villages between Albania and Kosovo to discuss the dynamics and tensions that are created between state and non-state law vis-à-vis justice in highly complex and problematic social, economic, and political contexts. Customary law and state law seem to be two conflicting legal ideologies. However, the article considers everyday settings where people make use of both legal systems in order to regulate matters especially related to property issues. The new legal realities create around property ownership imply new type of relations vis-à-vis family and kinship structures which oscillate between the two systems.

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Arsovska, Jana. "Understanding a 'Culture of Violence and Crime': the Kanun of Lek Dukagjini and the Rise of the Albanian Sexual-Slavery Rackets." European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice 14, no. 2 (2006): 161–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181706777978757.

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6

BALCI, RAMAZAN. "The OTTOMAN PRACTICES of the KANUN of DUKAGJINI: The METHOD of CİBAL." Türkiyat Mecmuası 26, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18345/tm.64923.

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7

Zejnullahu, MSc Njomëza. "Judicial Institutions in Albanian Customary Law and in Comparison with Modern Law (The Canon of Lekë Dukagjini)." ILIRIA International Review 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2015): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.21113/iir.v5i2.86.

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This article compares judicial institutions of customary law and modern law. There are many discussions between authors regarding the relation between customary and modern law, specifically the impact of customary law in modern law. The role of the customary law is of crucial importance especially its impact in the positive law of the country. Although, the customary law was practiced years ago, similarities with current positive law are obvious. Many of the judicial institutions in Albanian customary law can be compared with similar ones in modern law, but is also crucial to identify differences between them. Main judicial institutions that served as enforcement mechanisms in Albanian customary law are identified in this article in comparison with respective institutions of modern law. In addition, it is important to view and analyse customary law in regard to its power as governing law in a given period. In this regard, an analysis of the Albanian customary law in view of Hart’s rule of recognition is provided.

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8

Muhadri, Prof Asoc Dr Besim. "The Code of Lek Dukagjini in the Prism of the Italian Professor Salvatore Vilari." International Journal of Business and Applied Social Science, February 28, 2021, 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33642/ijbass.v7n2p2.

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The Kanun of Leke Dukagjini is a collection of Albanian norms and customs with a legal-social character, in several centuries, before and after the life of Leke Dukagjini, which is thought to be a codifier. The laws of the Code have long served as social norms and as a system of self-government that prevailed in the highlands of northern Albania at the time when the region was ruled by the Ottoman Empire. The Code has a fundamental importance in the history of the Albanian people as it is an ancient document. His first written form refers to Leke Dukagjini, although it is considered to have existed long ago and to belong to the traditions of oral traditions inherited from generation to generation. The Code by Lekë Dukagjini was summarized with notes by Father Shtjefën Gjeçovi during the years 1910-1925 and was published in 1933, after Gjeçov's death. The interests of scholars but also of translators have been constant. It was first translated into Italian, then into Serbian, French, Russian, and English. The English translation, which resonated tremendously, was made in 1989 by Leonard Fox and published in New York. Numerous scholars from different parts of the world have written about the ancient Albanian Code. One of them is the Italian professor of colonial law at the Royal University of Rome, Salvatore Vilari, who in 1940 published a long study entitled "Albanian customary legal norms-Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini" (Le consuetudini giuridiche dell'Alabania-Il Kanun di Lek Dukagjin), for which we will talk in our paper. In this paper he deals with the origin of the Code of Lek Dukagjini, the influential weight of the Dukagjins, the summary (book) of Father Gjeçov and Nopça, the territorial power of the Kanun, with the basic concepts on the Albanian tribe, the organs of the tribe, the leaders of the tribe, the blood feud and with many elements which characterize this monumental work of Albanians.

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9

Kastrati, Avni, and Nico Keilman. "Culture, tradition, and the registration of deaths: The case of Kosovo." Statistical Journal of the IAOS, September 24, 2021, 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sji-210840.

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Population statistics for Kosovo show an unusually high share of male deaths (SMD) among all deaths. Women have a very low status in traditional parts of Kosovo – a direct consequence of the so-called Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini. This set of behavioural rules, practiced in Northern Albania and Kosovo, is strongly associated with a patriarchal culture. According to the code, a woman cannot own immovable property. Thus, to register the death of a family member at the office for civil registration is less urgent for women than for men. We assume that female deaths are under-registered. (i) A high SMD is more prevalent among the population with primary education, compared to secondary or tertiary education. (ii) More women aged 65+ receive the basic pension than there are resident women in that age group. (iii) Islamic societies report SMDs in 2017–2019 that are markedly lower than SMDs from vital registration. Registration of a death at the Islamic society is required before the funeral can take place. Other factors could also explain the high SMD: under-registration of deaths among Serbs in Kosovo, violent deaths and smoking among men, and bad physical and mental health among veterans of the war of 1999.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "The Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini"

1

Krasniqi, Njomza, and Sofia Boman. "The Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini among Kosova Albanians in Sweden." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22547.

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The Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini is the most famous and comprehensive compilation of Albanian customary law. For centuries it strictly governed social behavior and everyday life among Albanians in different historical periods. Even if the Kanun is not legal today, it is widely respected and still practiced in parts of Albania and Kosova. The aim with this thesis is to study how Kosova Albanians in Sweden relate to the customary laws concerning family and marriage in the Kanun. In order to reach the aim, a qualitative research method was used. We have conducted seven semi-structured interviews with Kosova Albanians living in Sweden, more precisely in Helsingborg, and compared their answers to the traditional laws in the Kanun. The theoretical framework for the thesis is based on the concepts ethnicity and culture, Berger’s and Luckmann’s theory on the social construction of reality and Baumann’s conception of the idea of ethnicity as cultural identity. In our study we found that the Kanun is a good example on how culture is institutionalized and socially constructed. Our results show that the laws stipulated in the sections family and marriage are still practiced with certain changes by Kosova Albanians in Sweden and that there are some gender differences in how the informants perceive their ‘reality’.

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2

Lugaj, Arjana. "Albania, a place where long-standing traditions devised a nation : The Kanun of Lek Dukagjini is alive and kicking." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-361738.

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Albania is a young democratic country that is still learning how to move forward. Albania has lived under regimes not democratically chosen for centuries: the Ottoman Empire before and the Communist regime than. These impositions have not allowed it to create an identity as a nation, this is the reason why they believe into the only code not forced from the high and that dates back to the Middle Age. The Kanun of Lëke Dukagjini is a customary code of laws that has ruled Albanians lives before the Ottoman Empire conquered the country. The Kanun influences everyday life still today. Albania remains tied to old traditions but on the other hand looks at the European Union as a role model. Albania is a country in between, traditions on one hand and progress on the other. The desire to be included in the Union has dramatically increased over the last decade. In these years, the government has been trying to satisfy the applications of Brussels hoping to get the candidacy. In 2014 Albania obtained the candidacy. Through the realization of laws in all fields, the government seems inclined to reach the standards of the European countries. In spite of all these progresses and changes, for Albanian population nothing seems different and everything appear just a way to show improvement to EU and EU countries but in everyday life it seems as same as always. It seems not possible to eradicate the mentality of citizens. Gender inequality and blood feuds are still a reality. The questions that guide this research are: how is it possible that a customary law is still so strongly present in Albanians lives? Is this a possible obstacle towards the European process of inclusion?

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3

Pritchard, Eleanor Mary. "Albanian law and nation-building in northern Albania and Kosovo." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:10190994-b043-46f4-8f6f-306c85570877.

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My thesis explores the roles in Albanian nation-building of the Kanun of Lekë Dukagjin, an early-twentieth century codification of northern-Albanian customary practices, and the Pajtimi i Gjaqeve, a late-twentieth century movement to conciliate blood feuds in Kosovo. To understand them, we need to know: what both were, in their own terms; their significance; and how they relate to other aspects of nation-building, and comparative examples. I draw on participant-observation fieldwork, archive work and extensive interviews. Nation-building is necessarily complicated and the Albanian case particularly so. The existence of an Albanian nation was contested by neighbouring peoples, and its characteristics, by Albanians themselves. In this complex context, the text of the Kanun, and the Pajtimi i Gjaqeve, give us good insights into Albanian understandings of the nation, and associated nation-building activities, at pivotal points in national history. While the nation-building projects of the region had many elements in common, prominent ideas of a ‘national’ legal tradition are a distinctive aspect of the Albanian case. Both the Kanun of Lekë Dukagjin and the Pajtimi i Gjaqeve need to be understood as aspects of nation-building. In the context of a crumbling Ottoman Empire, by presenting Albanian customary practices in the form of a legal code, the Albanian codifier made claims about the contents and the people from whom they came. The Kanun demonstrated the existence of a distinct people with a tradition of self-governance and mediation; and made significant contributions to the crucial process of language standardisation. In the context of the 1990s break-up of Yugoslavia, ideas of an Albanian legal tradition re-emerged in Kosovo, in the Pajtimi i Gjaqeve which presented intra-Albanian disputes as national concerns, and drew on traditional values and customary practices to effect conciliations. Subsequently, the Movement itself has become a national resource, through reference to which important ideas about the nation are expressed.

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Books on the topic "The Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini"

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Çobani, Tonin. Princi i përfolur Lekë Dukagjini: Monografi. Tiranë: Lisitan, 2003.

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2

Kanun. Tiranë: m&b, 2013.

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3

Heka, László. Vallási és politikai konfliktusok a délszláv térségben: Kanun i Lekë Dukagjinit, az albán szokásjog. Szeged: Szegedi Tudományegyetem Állam- és Jogtudományi Karának tudományos bizottsága, 2005.

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4

Kanuni i Lekë Dukagjinit. 3rd ed. Shkodër: Botime Françeskane, 2010.

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5

Kanuni i Lekë Dukagjinit: Në variantin e mirditës. Tiranë: Geer, 2002.

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6

Villari, Salvatore. Normat zakonore juridike të Shqiperisë. Kanuni i Lek Dukagjinit. [Tiranë]: Ombra GVG, 2012.

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7

Azizi, Idlir. Don Kanuni, ose, ngadalë gjaksi fillon dremit në pritë: Roman. Albania: Botim Zenit, 2012.

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8

Hoxha, Izet. E drejta civile në Kanunin e Lekë Dukagjinit. Tiranë: [s. n.], 1999.

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9

Mustafaj, Qazim Man. Dora e pajtimit o vëlla jo gishti i krimit. Tiranë: Konica Color, 2011.

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Billa, Rrahim. Përse duhet të heshtim?! Tiranë: "Mirgeeralb", 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "The Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini"

1

"Understanding a ‘Culture of Violence and Crime’: the Kanun of Lek Dukagjini and the Rise of the Albanian Sexual-Slavery Rackets." In Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice in Europe, 111–34. Brill | Nijhoff, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004250789_007.

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Christiansen, Thomas, Monica Genesin, and Joachim Matzinger. "Metaphors and Metonymy regarding Body Parts in the Kanuni i Lekë Dukagjinit and in Old Geg Documents A preliminary study." In Sprache und Kultur der Albaner, 309–43. Harrassowitz, O, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvc5pfv3.20.

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