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1

Elfaki, Elgilani Khalil Osman. "Morphological Characteristics of English Football Language." International Journal of English Linguistics 12, no. 1 (December 7, 2021): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v12n1p148.

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Football is the most popular sport globally. It is considerably modern sport, nevertheless, attracted millions zealous followers. Several media outlets cover activities and events of football world-wide around the clock. The researcher has been attracted and encouraged by follow-up and study of hundreds of native English football texts on specialized sports and football media outlets as newspapers, magazines, T.V and radio programs as well as electronic sites. At the end of the study, the researcher has analyzed these texts linguistically and then classified them according to their morphological categorizations. Football morphological elements surfaced by the researcher include affixation, compounding, clipping, eponymy, and loans (borrowings). At the end of the study, the researcher has provided some related results and recommendations.
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Križan, Agata. "The Language in British and Slovene Football Anthems." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 13, no. 1 (June 20, 2016): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.13.1.15-29.

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Football is probably the world’s most popular game, with a huge number of fans. There are numerous ways in which football fans express dedication to their club and the feelings they have for their team, for example, wearing certain colours, waving banners and flags, and singing. Football anthems are nothing new for football fans, and many clubs have a long-established tradition of them. In this paper, I will address and compare the language in some popular British and Slovene football anthems, and attempt to explain its contribution to the creation of fan identity, to the fans’ sense of belonging, unity, and motivation. The linguistic analysis identities the linguistic resources used in football anthems to express attitudes, form bonds and create identities.
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Bergh, Gunnar, and Sölve Ohlander. "Loan translations versus direct loans: The impact of English on European football lexis." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 40, no. 1 (April 20, 2017): 5–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586517000014.

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Football language may be regarded as the world's most widespread special language, where English has played a key role. The focus of the present study is the influence of English football vocabulary in the form of loan translations, contrasted with direct loans, as manifested in 16 European languages from different language families (Germanic, Romance, Slavic, etc.). Drawing on a set of 25 English football words (match, corner, dribble, offside, etc.), the investigation shows that there is a great deal of variation between the languages studied. For example, Icelandic shows the largest number of loan translations, while direct loans are most numerous in Norwegian; overall, combining direct loans and loan translations, Finnish displays the lowest number of English loans. The tendencies noted are discussed, offering some tentative explanations of the results, where both linguistic and sociolinguistic factors, such as language similarity and attitudes to borrowing, are considered.
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4

Voronova, A. G. "STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC PARTICULARITIES OF TRANSLATION EQUIVALENTS OF FOREIGN TERMS DENOTING FOOTBALLERS’ ROLES TO PLAY ON THE FIELD IN RUSSIAN AND PORTUGUESE." Philology at MGIMO 20, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2019-4-20-82-92.

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The fixed meaning and the variability of symbolic language codes changing principle is inapplicable when translating certain football terms to denote footballers’ roles to play on the field. These social media football terms are not yet enshrined in English dictionaries; what is more, these terms tend to change their original meaning when translated from English into Portuguese and Russian. The reluctance of the target languages to accept the given football terms leads to the use of Russian and Portuguese local traditional football terminology instead. Therefore, as distinct from the original, this terminology lacks semantic precision, leading to distortion and further confusion. With regard to structure and meaning, the Russian language has two translation patterns to render the meaning of the given football terms. These are neutral word collocations which narrow down the given English terms and professional football jargon which can be compared to the meaning of the term as enshrined in the English-English dictionary entry. Conversely, the Portuguese language has only one pattern to translate the given terms, i.e. neutral football terms that also distort the original meaning of the terms in English. Surprisingly, this distortion is different from the one in the Russian translations of them. The disparity in meaning caused by artificially adapted terms denoting footballers’ roles to play on the field in the way they exist in the target languages of translation is apparent when translating the terms from one target language to the other. The pattern leads to distortion in translation and consequent communication failure. Such a shortcoming can be avoided if all the four dimensions of such football terms are taken into consideration. The latter include player location, function, role to play on the field and personality. The research findings may have practical application for students of Russian and Portuguese as well as interpreters and translators.
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Ponton, Douglas. "Paying the penalty for dishonesty: evaluative language in Scottish football." Brno Studies in English 40, no. 1 (2014): 205–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/bse2014-1-10.

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6

Penn, Roger. "Football talk: sociological reflections on the dialectics of language and football." European Journal for Sport and Society 13, no. 2 (April 2, 2016): 154–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16138171.2016.1183931.

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7

Moustaki, Argyro, and Aspasia Dimitriadi. "Un lexique-grammaire du football." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 29, no. 2 (December 31, 2006): 275–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.29.2.05mou.

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Taking as a starting point one of P. Sabatier’s work on the Lexicon-Grammar of football, we present the phrases we have established and translated for the Greek language (Ph-foot). We have retained the classes of objects established by P. Sabatier for French. For the Greek study our point of departure is a selection of 600 sentences. We have established not only a lexicon-grammar but also a list of classes of objects and compound nouns of this vocabulary. The aim of this analysis was to describe morphosyntactic similarities as well as differences between simple sentence constructions and compound nouns in both languages. This study will serve as a basis for future comparative studies wich will ultimately serve to support automatic translation.
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8

Onuprienko, Kseniya A. "Language features of sports Telegram channels." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Philology. Journalism 21, no. 3 (August 25, 2021): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-7115-2021-21-3-282-288.

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The article considers linguistic peculiarities of the modern media language on the example of publications about sports topics in the Telegram messenger. The following Russian Telegram channels were selected as the material for the study: “Real football”, “Football with GOAL24”, “Sports.ru”. The author studies the news content for the period from July 2018 to July 2020; the ways of reflecting sport events and those close to sport in the texts are analyzed.
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Antonowicz, Dominik, Honorata Jakubowska, and Radosław Kossakowski. "Marginalised, patronised and instrumentalised: Polish female fans in the ultras’ narratives." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 55, no. 1 (June 25, 2018): 60–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690218782828.

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Since the 1990s there has been a growing number of female supporters following football clubs and there is little doubt that they have recently become an important part of the audience for both football authorities and clubs. The process of football’s feminisation is neither simple nor is it taking place in a social vacuum, and female fans are encountering well-institutionalised football fandom culture, which is deeply entrenched in stadium rituals. This paper offers an empirical study of roles assigned to women in football fandom culture and the way in which this has been done in order reproduce a “traditional” social order on the Polish football stands. In doing so, it examines the grass-roots ultras’ magazine To My Kibice (We are the fans) that belongs to an increasingly popular type of fan magazine, which was developed from popular homemade football fanzines in the 1980s. The analyses provide evidence that female supporters are either marginalised (not being counted as regular fans), patronised or instrumentalised by their male peers. These strategies are visible both in language and in the social contexts in which women on the stands are described.
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Janik, Mariusz. "Strzał celny na bramkę, czyli szansa na strzelenie gola — semantyczna analiza porównawcza terminologii sportowej w językach polskim i angielskim na przykładzie fragmentów komentarzy sportowych meczów piłki nożnej." Dziennikarstwo i Media 9 (April 17, 2019): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2082-8322.9.10.

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Shot on goal, that is, an opportunity to score — a semantic comparative analysis of sports terminology in Polish and English as exemplified by football match commentariesThe Polish “language of sport”, especially of football, contains many borrowings. However, they are not the only element of football commentaries on television during matches. The Polish language has developed separate terms which often function as borrowings from other areas of life. In the article the author compares examples of Polish football terms with their English equivalents. His comparative analysis, based on the contrastive method, has been carried out on two most frequent terms appearing in football commentaries: “shot” and “goal”. They were taken from television commentaries as well as two publications devoted to the language of football in the form of glossaries featuring both Polish and English terms. The basic entries used in the study are also placed in the context of specific examples of sports commentaries accompanying football events broadcast on television.
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Protsyk, Iryna. "Ivan Bobersky as the creator of the Ukrainian football terminology in Halychyna." Ukrainska mova, no. 1 (2021): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ukrmova2021.01.075.

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This article analyzes the football terms proposed for use in the Ukrainian football discourse by a well-known public figure, the founder of the national physical education and sports tradition Ivan Bobers’kyi. Emphasis is placed on the basic approach of Bobers’kyi to the development of the Ukrainian football terminology – the search for specific equivalents to foreign names (se-mantic derivation) and the creation of terms on national grounds (morphological and syntactic word formation), which would be clear to the general public, easily perceived and assimilated. The most important thematic groups of football vocabulary used by Bobers’kyi in his text-book Zabavy i Hry Rukhovi. Chast III. Kopanyi Miach (Entertainments and Moving Games) have been singled out. The content of these groups of names is demonstrated through a series of syno-nyms to outline a special concept at the initial stage of term formation. Also, modern analogues to the football terms of the early 20th century, unknown today to both football fans and profes-sionals and linguists, are presented. It is argued that the football terminology suggested by Bo-bers’kyi in the first Ukrainian football textbook Kopanyi Miach (Football) proved successful in the creation of the names of football concepts on a national basis. In fact, there are more Ukrai-nian names in all the thematic groups of football vocabulary used by the author in this manual than borrowings, barbarisms, and hybrid names found in the text. Bobers’kyi did not copy foot-ball terminology used in other European languages but searched for a verbal definition for foot-ball concepts trying to preserve the spirit of the native language. In an effort to demonstrate the richness of his native language and its word-formation potential, Bobers’kyi coined the Ukrai-nian term for football kopanyi miach (a kicked ball) – a term that most accurately conveys the dy-namics of the football game itself. It is emphasized that Ukrainians owe to Bobers’kyi not only the dissemination of informa-tion about football but also the beginning of the Ukrainian football discourse in the native lan-guage and the creation of football terminology on a national basis. Keywords: football discourse, Ukrainian football terminology, Ivan Bobers’kyi, native terms, loan-words.
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12

Bergh, Gunnar, and Sölve Ohlander. "A Hundred Years of Football English: A Dictionary Study on the Relationship of a Special Language to General Language." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, no. 32 (December 15, 2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2019.32.02.

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General-purpose dictionaries may be assumed to reflect the core vocabulary of current language use. This implies that subsequent editions of a desk dictionary should mirror lexical changes in the general language. These include cases where special-language words have become so familiar to the general public that they may also be regarded as part of general language. This is the perspective of the present study on English football vocabulary, where a set of well-known football words – dribble, offside, etc. – are investigated as to their representation in five editions of the Concise Oxford Dictionary (1911–2011), and in four of the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (1948–1995). Two other dictionaries are also consulted: the Oxford Dictionary of English (2010) and – for first occurrences of the words studied – the Oxford English Dictionary. It is shown that, over the past hundred years, football vocabulary has gradually, at an accelerating pace, become more mainstream, as demonstrated by the growth of such vocabulary (e.g. striker, yellow card) in subsequent dictionary editions. Yet, some football terms make an esoteric impression, e.g. nutmeg ‘play the ball through the opponent’s legs’. Interestingly, such words also tend to be included in present-day dictionaries. Thus, football language is in a state of constant flux, responding to developments in and around the game. This is reflected in the dictionaries studied. In conclusion, due to the status and media coverage of the “people’s game” today, English general-purpose dictionaries have increasingly come to recognize much of its vocabulary as part of general language.
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Nomdedeu Rull, Antoni. "The First Football Anglicisms in the Spanish Language (1868–1903)." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, no. 32 (December 15, 2019): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2019.32.08.

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This study has the objective of presenting fifty-three (53) football-related Anglicisms found in Spanish texts published between 1868 and 1903. Using heuristics in various texts and documents digitalized, a corpus was built using the Reglamento de foot-ball (1902), adopted by the Asociación Clubs de Football de Barcelona, Antonio Viada’s Manual del Sport (1903), and general and specialized texts taken from newspapers, like La Vanguardia. This study on fifty-three Anglicisms found between 1868 and 1903 aims to be a lexical contribution to the history of Spanish language and to the Historical Dictionary of Football Terms in Spanish (DHTF, in Spanish), currently in progress.
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14

Ginanjar, Riki. "KATA-KATA PINJAMAN DALAM ISTILAH SEPAKBOLA (SEBUAH KAJIAN MORFOLOGI)." Apollo Project: Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Sastra Inggris 7, no. 1 (February 14, 2018): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/apollo.v7i1.2099.

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Different language has its own difference in writing or pronunciation Sometimes, an activity may have not the actual word to express it. When one language has no word to express, the word from other’s language is used. The word itself is known as loanword. This case mostly appears in the football area. This article entitled ‘Loan Words in Football Terminology’ explains about the loan word which is usually used in the football terminology. The writer used the dictionary about football terminology “Kamus Istilah Sepakbola” by Nugraha Edy in order to find the data to be analyzed. The writer also uses the theory of Haugen “The ecology of Language” which will describe how the loan word formed. Before analyzing the data, the writer looked for the terminology in the data source and then analyzes it using the theory stated. At the end of analysis, the writer finds that many of football terminology in English has not be converted to Indonesian, so Indonesian has to loan English terminology to express it.
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15

Dotoli, Giovanni. "La langue du football." Éla. Études de linguistique appliquée 165, no. 1 (2012): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ela.165.0029.

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Gaillard, William. "Football, Politics and Europe." Hague Journal of Diplomacy 8, no. 3-4 (2013): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-12341261.

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Summary This article examines the place of sports and football in European society and the complex interaction of the sports field and the football sub-field, which has its own codes of behaviour, its own institutional governance, its own ethics, its own judicial culture and its own language. Charting the history of European football and the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA), the author argues that unless one understands how the football habitus interact with the rest of European society, it is difficult to examine the role of sports and, in particular, football in international relations and diplomacy.
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Protsyk, Iryna. "Football Terminology of the 1st Half of the 20th Century in the Text." Terminological Bulletin, no. 4 (2017): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/2221-8807-2017-4-281-288.

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Functioning of football vocabulary in artistic texts has become the centre of attention of Ukrainian linguists over past years. In this research analysis of football terminology of the 1st half of ХХ century in the little-known comedy with afootball plot written by the inhabitant of Lviv Ivan Kernytskyi «Korol striltsiv» (the footballer who scored the most goals) (Krakiv – Lviv, 1943) has been made. In this article an attempt has been made to trace how a Ukrainian writer of interwar period, while writing a humorous play with a football plot, used special football vocabulary which was actively forming in the Ukrainian language in the 1st half of ХХ century. The aim of the research is to demonstrate the variety of functioning of football terminology in the 1st half of ХХ century in the structure of an artistic text on the football theme. On the basis of the analysis of functioning of football terms of the 1st half of ХХ century in comedy by Ivan Kernytskyi it has become possible to find out the following: 1) in this work terminological units from the most important thematic groups of football vocabulary have been used; 2) the largest are the following thematic groups of football terms: names of football actions (kopaty, kopaty miacha, hraty, hraty na vorotakh, hraty na pravomu luchnyku, hraty pryzemno, hraty hostro, favliuvaty, kosyty, rozbyvaty, patalashyty, striliaty bomby, braty miach na nohu, nakynuty hostre tempo, nakynuty vysoku hru, trenuvaty, vyhraty zmahania, pereity do ekstra-kliasy), names of participants of a football match (futbolist, kopun, pravyi luchnyk, strilets, korol striltsiv, pomich, zirka, futbolna zirka, zirka ukraiinskoho sportu, sportova zirka, prymadonna, zmahun, sportovets, sportsmen, suddia), names of football games, battles, tournaments, football institutions (futbol, miach, kopanyi miach, sport, zmahannia, futbolni zmahannia, vyrishni zmahannia, zmahannia za mystetstvo, persha polovyna, mystetstvo, druzhyna, kliub, sportovyi kliub, sportive tovarystvo), names of a football field, football equipment (hryshche, hryshche kopanoho miacha, polovyna hryshcha, krylo, karne pole, vorota, brama, shtantsiata, futbolivky); 3) among the stated terms lexemes used in direct meaning prevail; 4) there are terms which have undergone semantic transformations, first of all, they have gained figurative sense. Observations over functioning of football terminology in the analyzed drama has made possible to find out certain tendencies of formation of national football terminological system during its most intensive period of development; in particular, it has been shown how selection of one, the most used term out of the synonymic row was made and how polysemy was created. Thus, the humorous play by Ivan Kernytskyi is an authentic source of valuable information about development of Ukrainian football discourse in the 1st half of ХХ century.
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Yoo, Yongjun, and Kooin Jung. "The Effects of Football Coach’s Coaching Language to Football Player’s Team Cohesion and Exercise Satisfaction." Korean Journal of Sport Psychology 29, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14385/kssp.29.1.17.

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Magrath, Rory. "‘To Try and Gain an Advantage for My Team’: Homophobic and Homosexually Themed Chanting among English Football Fans." Sociology 52, no. 4 (May 10, 2017): 709–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038517702600.

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Association football (soccer) fans are becoming increasingly liberal in their attitudes towards homosexuality. However, the continued presence of homosexually themed chanting – normally interpreted as evidence of homophobia by footballing authorities – has received little academic attention. Through 30 semi-structured interviews with 30 male football fans of various English football clubs, this article uses McCormack’s model of homosexually themed language to investigate the prevalence, triggers and interpretation of this chanting. It highlights that, despite unanimous acceptance of homosexuality, all but five participants engaged in homosexually themed chanting. This was predominantly facilitated by the nature of sporting competition and matches involving rival clubs. Alongside a variety of perceived weaknesses, fans interpreted these chants as a way of attempting to benefit one’s team. Accordingly, this research highlights a discursive gap between fans’ inclusive attitudes and their practice of chanting homosexually themed language inside football stadia.
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Молоткіна, Юлія. "BORROWED FOOTBAL LEXIS IN THE DISCOURSE OF A CONTEMPORARY UKRAINIAN INTERNET MASS MEDIA." Society. Document. Communication, no. 6 (June 27, 2019): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2518-7600-2018-6-42-57.

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The article deals with the analysis of the new borrowed lexemes which derive from the sport lexis of the English language, particularly from the football thematic. The problem of the emergence of anglicisms in the modern Ukrainian language is relevant to the contemporary Ukrainian linguistics. Due to the globalization processes, which influenced on Ukraine, lexical borrowing never stops and enriches Ukrainian vocabulary with new words and notions. One of the most important problems of the modern Ukrainian linguistics is the problem of the differentiation of the newest borrowed lexemes as there are being adopted not just specific words but whole units of a foreign lexis. Research of the lexical borrowings usage in the discourse of a modern Internet mass media is very important as it is mainly the Internet that provides new borrowed lexemes to the speakers. There are many sport terms derived from different kinds of sport in the discourse of the Ukrainian Internet mass media. A vast majority of them is the sports terms borrowed from the foreign languages. The reason for that lies in the fact that there is a lack of Ukrainian equivalents for the new borrowed lexemes. Moreover, a big amount of an international information about sport boosts the actualization of the borrowed terms. Furthermore, it is worth noting that borrowed sport terms derive from different kinds of sport. Thus, for instance, huge popularity of football among the Ukrainian people became the reason for the emergence of many football terms in the Internet mass media of Ukraine. The aim of this research is to analyze the borrowed lexemes of football thematic retrieved from the texts of a modern Ukrainian Internet media. It is proved that the discourse of a contemporary Ukrainian Internet mass media is filled with the football lexemes derived from the English language – there are not just some particular terms but whole lexical-semantic subgroups of them. Moreover, it is proved that borrowed football terms are used not only in a sport mass media but they are also widely spread in political and social thematic.
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Bennour, Nabila. "Language Interaction and Co-construction of Knowledge in Football : Didactic Study and Modeling Attempt." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 6 (October 1, 2011): 514–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/june2013/172.

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López González, Antonio María. "Características léxico-semánticas de las crónicas futbolísticas del Real Madrid en el diario Marca." Studia Romanica Posnaniensia 46, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strop.2019.464.010.

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Within the sports language, the lexical level is composed of slang, specialized terminology and figurative lexicon. This work analyzes the lexical-semantic characteristics of the football language in a corpus of news chronicles of Real Madrid football matches, published on the web site marca.com. We focus on the fundamental lexicon of these chronicles, as well as on the core concepts of them, their designations and the means of meaning.
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Kenioua, Mouloud, and Nawal Krine. "SELF-EFFICACY SCALE VALIDATION AMONG FOOTBALL PLAYERS (ALGERIA)." JIPES - JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT 6, no. 02 (December 27, 2020): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jipes.062.03.

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The purpose of this study was to adapt the Algerian football players of general self-efficacy scale (GSES) developed by Schwarzer & Jerusalem (1995) which were adapted into more than thirty-three languages. The study conducted on a total of 216 male football players, ranging in age from 15-18 years. After translating the scale according to the local language, it was presented to specialists in psychology and sports psychology to formulate it to suit the applied category. the principal components analysis with varimax rotation was used for the construct validity.The results indicated that there are two-factor structure, the two factors together explained 54.5 % of the total variance. The reliability scales were found by Alpha Cronbach coefficient (0.79). These results confirmed that the self-efficacy scale among football players valid and reliable. It is necessary to conduct future studies in the local culture and on different sports and ages.
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Lillo, Antonio. "A bit o’ footy rabbit: Some notes on football rhyming slang." Lebende Sprachen 65, no. 1 (May 6, 2020): 20–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/les-2020-0002.

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AbstractThe use of rhyming slang in British and Irish football is a relatively recent phenomenon that has sometimes been noted in passing, but never studied in detail. How is this type of lexis created? And, equally important, why do football lovers find it useful? Drawing mainly on examples from print and online sources, this article examines the linguistic features of the specialist rhyming slang of football, how it is coined and what it is that makes it so appropriate for the beautiful game. The final part of the article provides a glossary of terms and nicknames, many of which have hitherto escaped the notice of lexicographers.
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Sabatier, Paul. "Un Lexique-Grammaire du Football." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 21, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 163–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.21.1.07sab.

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Papadima, Aspasia, and Thomas Photiadis. "Communication in Social Media: Football Clubs, Language, and Ideology." Journal of Modern Greek Studies 37, no. 1 (2019): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2019.0004.

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Lamb, Terry, and James Fisher. "Making connections: football, the internet and reluctant language learners." Language Learning Journal 20, no. 1 (December 1999): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09571739985200241.

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Pérez-Sabater, Carmen, and Ginette Maguelouk Moffo. "Managing identity in football communities on Facebook: Language preference and language mixing strategies." Lingua 225 (July 2019): 32–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2019.04.003.

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Godzich, Anna. "Polskie ekwiwalenty funkcjonalne leksemów brodino i mozzarella z włoskich kronik piłkarskich." Acta Neophilologica 1, no. XXII (June 1, 2020): 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/an.5225.

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This paper discusses the presence of food-related phraseology in Italian football language and Italian football chronicles and its Polish functional equivalents. The study demonstrates the significance of the relation between contrastive linguistics and applied phraseology as brodino and mozzarella have more than one functional equivalent in Polish. Brodino can be translated as strzał tylko do statystyk, zbyt lekki strzał, zbyt lekki strzał w sam środek bramki and mozzarella as niesatysfakcjonujący remis, niedosyt, ciężkostrawny podział punktów, zwycięstwo potrzebne z uwagi na trudną sytuację w tabeli, trzy cenne punkty. As the author indicates, the presence of food-related phraseological units in Italian football terminology proves that culture-related aspects are crucial to master the target language. Hence, the role of such terminology in transla-tion of specialist and journalistic texts and the role of phraseological competences in the process of foreign language teaching should be highly important in educational processes.
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Neumann, Lara. "Regionale Sprache als Identitätsmarker Hamburger Fußballfans." Linguistik Online 99, no. 6 (November 11, 2019): 125–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.13092/lo.99.5968.

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The dissertation project Regionale Sprache als Identitätsmarker. Zur Konstruktion sozialer Bedeutung bei Hamburger Fußballfans ‘Regional language as identity marker. The construction of social meaning among football fans in Hamburg’ examines different practices of identity construction of fans from the two football clubs FC St. Pauli and Hamburger Sportverein (HSV). By analysing a group interview with HSV fans, this paper investigates the potential of identification with regional language. Identity constructions can be identified in the following three aspects: (a) the conceptualisation of the local substandard, (b) the speakers’ positioning concerning the use of the local substandard and (c) language attitudes.
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Cashmore, Ellis, and Jamie Cleland. "Glasswing Butterflies." Journal of Sport and Social Issues 35, no. 4 (August 25, 2011): 420–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193723511420163.

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Only one association football (soccer) player in history has declared his homosexuality during his professional active playing career. Before or since that player’s death in 1998, no other professional footballer player has come out. The prohibitively traditional culture of association football is popularly regarded as being responsible for this. Fans habitually use homophobic epithets to abuse players. In recent years, England’s governing organizations have cautiously addressed this state of affairs, though ineffectually. The present study uses online methods to explore fans’ and industry professionals’ perspectives on gay players and the impact their failure to come out has had on the sport. The article, which is based on the responses of 3,500 participants, seeks to answer three questions: (1) Why do fans, who urge gay players to come out, use homophobic language to barrack players? (2) If gay players disclosed their sexual orientations publicly what effect would this have on them personally, on football culture generally and on conceptions of masculinity in sports? (3) What prevents gay football players coming out? The overwhelming majority (93%) of participants in the study oppose homophobia and explained the homophobic abuse as good-humored banter or, in their argot, “stick.” An unusual logic is employed to make this intelligible. Participants argue that an athlete’s ability to play football is the only criterion on which he is judged and his sexuality is of little consequence to their evaluations. Although few participants encourage forcible outing, the majority welcome openly gay players, whose impact would be transformative. Football clubs and agents are cited as the principal impediments to a more open and enlightened environment: participants argue that they pressure gay players to keep their sexuality hidden and so contribute to a culture of secrecy, which permits and perhaps commissions continued homophobic abuse. Participants speculate that the continued absence of openly gay players actually reproduces the apparent prejudices. One fan concludes, “The homophobia in football will remain for longer if no gay players come out.”
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Herzog, Markwart. "Footballers as Soldiers. Rituals of Masculinity in Twentieth-Century Germany: Physical, Pedagogical, Political, Ethical and Social Aspects." STADION 43, no. 2 (2019): 250–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2019-2-250.

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Since the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries, football squads have defined themselves as exclusively male domains with explicit military characteristics. The rules and tactics of football used to be interpreted in categories of battle orders. Furthermore, football language is full of concepts and ideas which derive directly from the terminology of the military. This issue extends to various aspects of German football culture. Early textbooks of football training, dietetics and hygiene understood the physical constitution of football players in terms of tough, soldierly masculinity. German squads used to practise tough, masculine rituals of initiation, comradeship and discipline. Some of the fundamental rituals in this context were derived from the everyday life of the barracks. The military-athletic masculinity of football and the crude ideals and rituals of German student fraternities reflected important social differences between these groups. Military connotations are an important reason for the long-lasting exclusion of women from football culture - not only in Germany. Like the military terminology of football, the moral representation of the players as national heroes who are prepared to accept subordination within a team of fighters can also be found nowadays. This paper will describe the roots of the soldierly, athletic paradigm that inspired football culture even after the Second World War.
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Fleischmann, A. Carolin, and Martin Fleischmann. "International orientation of professional football beyond Europe." Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal 9, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbm-10-2017-0065.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how professional football clubs from the English Premier League, German Bundesliga and Spanish Primera División use digital media to expand their international reach in emerging football markets (EFM) outside of Europe. Based on the EPRG framework and Rugman’s home-region hypothesis, the aim is to broaden the perspective where “sports go global” for a further understanding of actors’ international orientation in the digital sphere. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on data from desk research and a qualitative survey, comprising information on international digital media activities of 58 European clubs. Cluster analysis is used to identify different international orientations with regard to digital media activities. Findings The data provide evidence that clubs differ strongly in their orientations towards EFM. While some global players that provide digital media content in several EFM languages and attract a large share of Facebook followers from EFM exist, other clubs focus on their home region. League-specific differences become apparent. Originality/value This study determines the international online orientations of European football clubs by combining two previously separated research streams in football management studies: internationalisation and digital media activities. Most clubs with a strong EFM fan base choose polycentric, multi-language digital media strategies, followed by geocentric, standardised approaches. By offering a novel angle on internationalisation in professional football, this study contributes towards optimising clubs’ international online strategies for EFM, which are markets that promise high growth rates.
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Moulita, Neiza. "Register analysis of language use in the Jakarta Post’s football news." English Education Journal 12, no. 3 (July 30, 2021): 525–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/eej.v12i3.19296.

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This research investigated the types of linguistic forms of English register and the meaning of register used in The Jakarta Post Football news. The linguistic forms that are investigated are specifically in content words and noun phrases. To obtain the data, documentation was used as the instrument. The data were analyzed using the model proposed by Elo and Kyangas (2007), it was found that there are two kinds of data in the form of content words, eight data of nouns, two verbs. In the form of the noun phrase, the researcher found two data in the category of attributive adjective and seven data of nouns in noun phrases. All of English registers found in The Jakarta Post’s football news have different meanings when compared with their conceptual meaning in the dictionary. The most dominant type of change in meaning is social meaning.
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Meier-Vieracker, Simon. "The evolution of football live text commentaries." AILA Review 34, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 274–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aila.21001.mei.

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Abstract Since the emergence of online live text commentaries on football games in the late 1990s, the genre has undergone continuous change. While linguistic research on the genre of live text commentaries emphasizes its novelty, the genre has existed in football for at least 20 years. However, diachronic studies still lack. This paper presents a corpus linguistic analysis of genre and register-specific features of German live text commentaries from 2003 until 2020. Using quantitative methods, it focuses on the distribution of linguistic features on different linguistic (i.e. syntactical, lexical, graphemic etc.) levels over time. It is shown that various markers, which signal a colloquial register and emulate orality in the written mode, decrease, leading to a more impersonal way of reporting. Moreover, markers of individual perspective decrease in favor of a neutralistic stance. Thus, the evolution of live text commentaries can be described as a process of standardization.
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Vimieiro, Ana Carolina. "The digital productivity of football supporters." Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 24, no. 4 (November 25, 2016): 374–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354856516678396.

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This article analyses media production projects run by football supporters in Brazil. From in-depth interviews and analysis of the material produced by fans of a singular club, Clube Atlético Mineiro (also known as Atlético-MG or Galo, its nickname), the article explores the ways supporters appropriate the journalistic language and create innovative narratives that enrich and pluralize the media environment. Formats vary from blogs to running web radios with regular programming. Motivations for engaging in the projects are also diverse, from improving writing skills to helping the club. The supporters and initiatives here considered promote innovative approaches especially in three ways: (1) placing ordinary supporters at the centre of their narratives; (2) adopting unconventional methods of reportage that challenge the dependency of journalism on regular productive routines and that are able to provide unusual angles of sport-related stories; and (3) creating texts that resort less to the increasingly rational and bureaucratic language that has notably characterized sporting chronicles over the past few decades. Besides, these texts and their parallel circuits of fan production have played an important role in sustaining contemporary alternative football fan cultures in an increasingly hypercommodified football context.
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Nikitina, Larisa, Zuraidah Binti Mohd Don, and Sau Cheong Loh. ""Great Technology, Football and...": Malaysian Language Learners' Stereotypes about Germany." Pandaemonium Germanicum 17, no. 24 (December 2014): 154–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-8837154174.

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Murfree, Jessica R., and Anita M. Moorman. "An Examination and Analysis of Division I Football Game Contracts: Legal Implications of Game Cancellations Due to Hurricanes." Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport 31, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 123–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/24922.

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In recent years, extreme weather events, namely hurricanes, have compromised the college football schedule in the United States. Incidents of extreme weather have caused the cancellation, postponement, relocation, or otherwise alteration of dozens of Division I college football games in recent years. Focusing primarily on hurricanes, this study will present several concerns related to these storms and extreme weather in the US, and contractual law principles of common law defenses and force majeure clauses as they relate to college football game contracts. The purpose of the present study is to begin to better understand the football game contract inconsistencies that can lead to legal disputes faced by college football programs that deal with these storms, and gain a better insight of the contractual considerations made in light of these storms that are becoming increasinglyfrequent and severe. To do so, college football game contracts were obtained through Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests to select NCAA Division I colleges, internet-based searches, and media exchanges. Analysis of force majeure contract language revealed inconsistent definitions of force majeure events, a limited number of contracts containing specific weather-related force majeure language, and a range of force majeure events leading to the absence of a clear and consistent understanding of how extreme weather-related cancellations would impact the contractual relationships. Recommendations, asa result of the document analysis, are then made for provisionary revision and reconstruction to meet current realistic needs for individual schools. Societal consciousness regarding climate change is adjusting, therefore sport and legal practitioners can reflect this modernization by scrutinizing potential prudent risks.
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Kasińska, Zofia, and Tomasz Tasiemski. "Amputee football in practice and research." Advances in Rehabilitation 30, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rehab-2015-0055.

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Abstract Introduction: Sport for people with disabilities has interested scientists for a long time. However, there is a scarcity of research on the subject of amputee football – football adapted to individuals after amputations. The aim of the study was to describe this sport and to review research carried out in this field so far. When looking for investigations on amputee football, the available computer databases (Academic Search Complete, SPORTdiscus, MEDLINE, Health Source, Master-FILE Premier) were searched comprehensively. The following key words were used to identify proper articles: amputee football, football + amputations, crutch football. Also, the following article inclusion criteria were applied: (A) original scientific paper, (B) available full text of paper, (C) paper published in a peer-reviewed journal, (D) paper published in the English language. Eleven articles that met the criteria were selected for the analysis. Description of amputee football: The description of amputee football included the history of the sport in the world and in Poland, rules of the game and players’ classification. Amputee football in research: The articles selected for the review were divided into three categories: 1) psychological and social aspects, 2) anthropomotorics and nutrition, 3) endurance, physical capacity and speed abilities. . Summary: The majority of studies carried out so far have focused on general characteristics of amputee football players and the effects of this sport on the functioning of individuals after amputations. Future studies ought to involve injury-related aspects as well as training effectiveness on the basis of physiological parameters.
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Sulistiyono, Sulistiyono, Sugiyanto Sugiyanto, Agus Kristiyanto, Sapta Kunta Purnama, Jumadil Saputra, Siswantoyo Siswantoyo, and Nawan Primasoni. "The Impact of Long-Term Athlete Development-Based Exercise Towards Physical Ability and Academic Achievement." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS 18 (July 7, 2021): 1073–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23207.2021.18.101.

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High training intensity, volume, and academic demands have negatively affected young athletes' academic achievements. This study is written to determine the differences in the effects of long-term athlete development-based football training on football players' physical abilities and academic achievements aged 10 and 12 years. Forty-four young football players were involved in this study divided into two age groups of 10 (n = 21) and 12 (n = 23). Before and after the six-month and one-year treatment, physical abilities, consisting of 30 m sprint ability and leg muscle explosive power, were measured using a vertical jump test and aerobic endurance with a multistage fitness test (MFT). In contrast, academic achievement was measured by documenting the scores of mathematics, language, science, social sciences in the report book. The results showed that the long term athlete development-football training model impacted physical abilities but did not affect academic achievements. There was no significant difference between groups of ages 10 and 12. Long-term athlete development-based football training can develop physical abilities and support young football players to complete academic activities.
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Максимчук [Maksymchuk], Віталій [Vitaliĭ] Васильович [Vasyl'ovych]. "Префіксоїди "супер-" і "мега-" як засоби оновлення футбольного лексикону: українсько-польські паралелі." Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej 53 (December 24, 2018): 204–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sfps.2018.013.

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Prefixoides super- and mega- as means of football lexicon renewal: Ukrainian and Polish parallelsThe article describes the neologisms with the prefixoides super- and megarecorded in the modern Ukrainian and Polish football Internet discourse. Those innovations add meaningfulness and dynamism to a text, render the word semantics more expressive and intensive, and contribute to the economy of language resources. In Ukrainian and Polish football Internet discourse the prefixoides super- and mega- are synonyms, and using them as structural components of neologism depends on the speaker’s language and aesthetic tastes. The prefixoidal innovations are used for the nomination of different football processes, phenomena and actions, such as: a) football games; b) game moments; c) hits on the ball; d) scored goals; e) tactical moves by a team; f) individual players’ technical moves; g) results of matches etc. Most often, the neologisms with the prefixoides super- and mega- contain the seme ‘the best; exceeding the level of others,’ while some are based on the semes ‘powerful,’ ‘intensive,’ ‘effective,’ ‘the most modern.’ When added to an anthroponym, neologisms which contain the prefixoides super- and mega- stress the football player’s professionalism. In Ukrainian and Polish football Internet discourse, the formative base for prefixoidal neologism are usually borrowed lexemes, although in Polish there is a stronger tendency to use native lexemes in this capacity, some of which do not have direct counterparts in Ukrainian, for example, superłącznik, megawolej. The football lexicons of both languages absorbed military words to foster expressiveness by likening football to warfare. On the whole, the aspects of football described by the neologisms lead to the conclusion that for the speakers football is interesting as a game, but not as business or a commercial product. Prefiksoidy super- i mega- jako środki odnowienia leksyki związanej z piłką nożną: paralele ukraińskie i polskieArtykuł opisuje neologizmy z prefiksoidami super- i mega- zanotowane we współczesnym ukraińskim i polskim dyskursie internetowym dotyczącym piłki nożnej. Te innowacje nadają tekstowi wyrazu i dynamizują go, zwiększają ekspresywność i wyrazistość znaczenia słów, sprzyjają ekonomii środków wyrazu. Zarówno w ukraińskim, jak i polskim dyskursie internetowym dotyczącym piłki nożnej prefiksoidy super- i mega- są synonimami, a ich użycie jako elementów składowych neologizmów zależy od wyborów estetycznych mówiącego. Prefiksoidalne innowacje występują jako nazwy różnych procesów, zjawisk i działań związanych z piłką nożną: a) meczów; b)fragmentów gry; c) uderzeń piłki; d) goli; e) posunięć taktycznych drużyny piłkarskiej; f)technicznych zagrań poszczególnych graczy; g)wyników meczów itd. Neologizmy z prefiksoidami super- i mega- oparte są najczęściej na semie ‘najlepszy; na wyższym poziomie niż inni’, kiedy indziej zaś na semach ‘potężny’, ‘intensywny’, skuteczny’, ‘najnowocześniejszy’. W połączeniu z antroponimem neologizmy z prefiksoidami super- i mega- służą podkreśleniu profesjonalizmu gracza. W ukraińskim i polskim dyskursie internetowym związanym z piłką nożną za podstawę do tworzenia neologizmów prefiksoidalnych służą zwykle leksemy będące zapożyczeniami, przy czym w języku polskim nieco częściej występuje tendencja do używania w tym przypadku rodzimych leksemów, niekiedy niemających bezpośrednich odpowiedników w języku ukraińskim, np. superłącznik, megawolej. W obu językach opisujące piłkę nożną słownictwo zawiera słowa związane z wojskowością, co pozwala zwiększyć wyrazistość piłkarskiego języka przez zrównanie zmagań piłkarskich z działaniami wojennymi. Analiza określanych przez badane neologizmy aspektów futbolu skłania do wniosku, że użytkowników obu języków piłka nożna interesuje jako sport, nie zaś jako rodzaj działalności gospodarczej czy komercyjny produkt.
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42

Keown, Caleb. "Translating sectarianism: Performing identities in Northern Irish football." Translation Studies 13, no. 2 (April 13, 2020): 216–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14781700.2020.1746390.

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43

Huang, Guangliang, Zhuangxu Lan, and Guo Huang. "Football Players’ Shooting Posture Norm Based on Deep Learning in Sports Event Video." Scientific Programming 2021 (October 25, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1552096.

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Football is one of the favorite sports of people nowadays. Shooting is the ultimate goal of all offensive tactics in football matches. This is the most basic way to score a goal and the only way to score a goal. The choice and use of shooting technical indicators can have a great impact on the final result of the game. Therefore, how to improve the shooting technique of football players and how to adjust the shooting posture of football players are important issues faced by coaches and athletes. In recent years, deep learning has been widely used in various fields such as image classification and recognition and language processing. How to apply deep learning optimization to shooting gesture recognition is a very promising research direction. This article aims to study the football player’s shooting posture specification based on deep learning in sports event videos. Based on the analysis of target motion detection algorithm, target motion tracking algorithm, target motion recognition algorithm, and football shooting posture classification, KTH and Weizmann data sets are used. As the experimental verification data set of this article, the shooting posture of football players in the sports event video is recognized, and the accuracy of the action recognition is finally calculated to standardize the football shooting posture. The experimental results show that the Weizmann data set has a higher accuracy rate than the KTH data set and is more suitable for shooting attitude specifications.
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Terpelets, Zhanna Al'fredovna. "FOOTBALL DISCOURSE: LANGUAGE VARIABILITY AND NATIONAL SPECIFICITY (BY THE MATERIAL OF THE FRENCH AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES)." Philological Sciences. Issues of Theory and Practice, no. 8-2 (August 2018): 388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/filnauki.2018-8-2.38.

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45

Wilton, Antje. "“We have a grandios saison gespielt” – English as a lingua franca in media sports interviews." Journal of English as a Lingua Franca 9, no. 1 (October 25, 2020): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2020-2032.

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AbstractThis paper presents a study investigating the use of English as a lingua franca (ELF) in media interviews of a specific kind: the focus is on post-match interviews with football (soccer) players. Professional football with its dynamic and fluctuating transfer market is increasingly internationalised and thoroughly mediatised, frequently requiring athletes and journalists to use English when interacting in front of the camera for the benefit of the media audience. The study is based on a small corpus of videos and transcripts of post-match interviews conducted with German football players in English. It uses a conversation analytic approach to explore the mutual influence of language use and genre characteristics on a structural, linguistic, interactional and media level. Post-match interviews are a dialogic media genre with distinctive features that contribute to the genre’s essential functions of reporting, evaluating and collectivising, and differentiate it from other types of interview such as the political, the news or the expert interview. The paper will illustrate and discuss how communicative, interactional and linguistic strategies are employed by participants to master the challenges of a specific type of ELF institutional, media and professional interaction.
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46

Yigit, Ahmet Talha, Baris Samak, and Tolga Kaya. "An XGBoost-lasso ensemble modeling approach to football player value assessment." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 39, no. 5 (November 19, 2020): 6303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-189098.

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Sports analytics is a field that is growing in popularity and application throughout the world. One of the open problems in this field is the valuation of football players. The aim of this study is to establish a football player value assessment model using machine learning techniques to support the transfer decisions of football clubs. The proposed model is mainly based on the intrinsic features of the individual players which are provided in Football Manager simulation game. To do this, based on the individual statistics of 5316 players who are active in 11 different major leagues from Europe and South America, different value assessment models are conducted using advanced supervised learning techniques which include ridge and lasso regressions, random forests and extreme gradient boosting. All the models have been built in R programming language. The performances of the models are compared based on their mean squared errors and their fit to the real world examples. An ensemble model with inflation is proposed as the output.
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Winkler, Marco. "Keeper, Fouls, Assists – Anglizismen in der Sprache des Fußballs, Eishockeys und Handballs." Acta Facultatis Philosophicae Universitatis Ostraviensis Studia Germanistica, no. 29 (February 2022): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15452/studiagermanistica.2021.29.0004.

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Nowadays, anglicisms seem to be indispensable in the language of sport – as in other professional languages. However, the sports considered in this study differ greatly as to their origin and the importance of teams from English-speaking regions (England regarding football, North America regarding ice hockey, whereas in handball there is no English-speaking influence). This results in linguistic differences regarding the frequency and professional relevance of anglicisms in each sport. These differences are investigated and compared taking into account morphological, semantic and sociolinguistic aspects.
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Štulajterová, Alena, and Ivan Laluška. "Stylistic Interpretation of English Football Vocabulary Items and Set Expressions in Publicistic Discourse." Current Issues in Philology and Pedagogical Linguistics, no. 2(2020) (June 25, 2020): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/2079-6021-2020-2-61-69.

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The paper dwells upon the study of English football vocabulary items and set expressions from the stylistic point of view. We applied Galperin´s model of stylistic analysis in our research,therefore football expressions and phrases are evaluated in terms of their stylistic significance at the phonetic-phonological, lexical and syntactical levels. The linguistic corpus of research material of 670 excerpts comes from printed and online British media, namely the Guardian and its websites. In initial chapters, the paper outlines the past and present of football on the British Isles. As football vocabulary items and set expressions are used by sports journalists and reporters too, we present a concise diachronic and synchronic view of the British sports journalism as the sub-style of publicistic style. The core of the paper is focused on quantitative and qualitative stylistic analysis of the corpus. Furthermore,the corpus of the language material has been analysed according to the football activities related to the most popular sport worldwide. Our research revealed that the scope of the most frequent stylistic devices included in the English football vocabulary has been mainly focused on the lexical level (namely metonymy, metaphor, hyperbole and periphrasis). The results provide some interesting insights into the two-fold application of meaning (primary and transferred/contextual meaning) in the analysed expressions.
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Abdulmajeed, Rufaidah Kamal, and Abeer Talib Abdulmajeed. "The Pragmatics of Amusement in Selected British Football Commentaries." International Journal of English Linguistics 9, no. 1 (January 19, 2019): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n1p472.

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Sport in general and football in particular have become the most popular form of amusement nowadays throughout the special performance of the commentators who comment on the game. Their duty is to provide the audience with the relevant information about what is happening during the game and to amuse them at the same time. They often do that by using specific linguistic features. The present study mainly tackles amusement in British football commentary language from a pragmatic point of view by selecting (2) football matches of (4) British commentators who are Martin Tyler, Andy Gray, Alan Perry and Gary Neville. As such, it is carried out with the aim of exploring the phases of commentaries according to which the football commentary is considered amusing, identifying the strategies of commentary used by the commentators in each phase, specifying the pragmatic devices used in each strategy of football commentaries which make these commentaries amusing. On the basis of the analysis, the following conclusions can be made: The commentaries are achieved in three phases, i.e., play-by-play, colour commentary and action replay which make the commentaries as amused, the commentaries are structured out of three strategies, descriptive, dramatic and humorous, and in the whole pragmatic structure of amusement in football commentaries, each strategy is variously fulfilled by means of certain pragmatic devices associated with it to achieve amusement.
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Gerhardt, Cornelia, Ben Clarke, and Justin Lecarpentier. "Naming rights sponsorship in Europe." AILA Review 34, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 212–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aila.21005.ger.

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Abstract Football stadiums have traditionally been named after local sites (e.g. Goodison Park, Everton FC) or regions (Ruhrstadion, VfL Bochum). As big business takes increasing precedence in decision making in football at large (e.g. associations and leagues, regarding fixtures, media coverage, kick-off times, player transfers, etc.) and within individual football clubs (e.g. regarding kits and sponsorship), such toponyms are more and more being replaced by company or product names (e.g. bet365 Stadium, Stoke City). In this paper, we will consider corporate renamings from the German Bundesliga, the English Premier League and the French Ligue 1 and particularly fan reactions to controversial, badly received corporate renamings. As revealed by earlier studies, in our data here we also find the discourse and practices of the fans celebrating local identification with their city or region, often with the stadiums constituting the homestead of a tradition. Where corporate stadium renamings are badly received, this discourse clashes with the discourse of big business and thus a number of tensions are revealed. More specifically, in fans’ reactions to controversial corporate stadium renamings, we find a number of recurrent themes – for example, concerning consequences to fans’ identity to the club; in managing (anticipated) humorous retorts from rivals consequent from the stadium renaming; in resisting, but also feeling resigned to, financial pressures in selling the stadium name; etc. – some of them across our three national contexts and others specific to one national context.
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