Academic literature on the topic 'The Last Battle'
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Journal articles on the topic "The Last Battle"
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Mobasser, Nilou. "The last battle?" Index on Censorship 29, no. 3 (2000): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064220008536716.
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Fjalldal. "The Last Viking Battle." Scandinavian Studies 87, no. 3 (2015): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/scanstud.87.3.0317.
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Fraser, T. G. "Amritsar: Mrs Gandhi's last battle." International Affairs 62, no. 2 (1986): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2618437.
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Irvine, Stuart A. "The Last Battle of Hadadezer." Journal of Biblical Literature 124, no. 2 (2005): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/30041016.
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Grassman, Deborah. "Wounded Warriors: Their Last Battle." Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 39, no. 2 (2010): 369–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.11.089.
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Treuren, Gerrit. "Book Reviews : The Last Battle." Journal of Industrial Relations 39, no. 3 (1997): 434–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569703900312.
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Stokstad, E. "The Famine Fighter's Last Battle." Science 324, no. 5928 (2009): 710–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.324_710a.
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Ellis, Thomas E. "The Last and Greatest Battle." Journal of Psychiatric Practice 22, no. 5 (2016): 422–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pra.0000000000000180.
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Cook, John R., and Patrick Murphy. "The Last Battle: Peter Watkins on DVD." Film International 1, no. 1 (2003): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/fiin.1.1.54.
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Rogers, Anita Hendrix. "Lynne’s Last Christmas: A Battle with Dementia." Issues in Mental Health Nursing 40, no. 11 (2019): 990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01612840.2019.1634410.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "The Last Battle"
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Michaela, Notter. "Puzzle, åsnan i lejonskinnet : En analys av den litterära åsnan i C. S. Lewis The Last Battle." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-39973.
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Puzzle, the donkey in the lion’s skin, an analysis of the literary donkey in C. S. Lewis’s The Last Battle. This paper intends to examine the portrayal of donkeys in western literature by a close reading of the donkey Puzzle in C. S. Lewis’s The Last Battle. The overall purpose is to examine how donkeys have historically been portrayed in litterature. How the view of the donkey as dumb has come to be shaped by earlier Greko-Roman literature as Aesop’s fables and how it is possible to see these prejudices in the depiction of Puzzle. The focus is to understand how the negative image of the donkey has emerged and is shaped by the purpose and function the donkey has had, and still has, for humans. This paper’s questions are: How is Puzzle portrayed in C. S. Lewis The Last Battle? Is Puzzle presented as inferior/lower class? Are there any characteristics of the fool in Puzzle? The analysis shows how the old prejudiced image of the donkey can be seen in the depiction of Puzzle. This is obvious from how Puzzle is portrayed in relation to other character’s, especially how he is posed as opposite to the unicorn Jewel. But it is also visible in how Puzzle himself uses these prejudices in his defense by claiming that he is too stupid to understand; A defense often used by the fool. I argue that Puzzle bears the traits of the fool even if he remains a donkey in the end.
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Felton, Jeffrey Alan. "A Battle of Wills: Morale, Hope and the Army of Northern Virginia during the Last Year of the Civil War." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91396.
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"A Battle of Wills" examines the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during the final
year of the American Civil War. By investigating the reactions to events such as battles and
political happenings that occurred among the soldiers of the Confederacy's primary army we can
see how the end of the Civil War unfolded for these men. The Army of Northern Virginia was
the Confederacy's main hope for independence and the vehicle through which its identity
flowed. Victory or defeat of that army would dictate the outcome of the Civil War. This thesis
argues that by examining the fluctuations in morale, optimism, and hope among these soldiers
through their letters and diaries, along with a proper historical context of when they were
writing, can provide us a better understanding about the end of the Civil War. The ending was
not predetermined or inevitable and this is evidenced in the writings of the soldiers of the Army
of Northern Virginia during the final year of the war.<br>Master of Arts<br>“A Battle of Wills” examines the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during the final year of the American Civil War. By investigating the reactions to events such as battles and political happenings that occurred among the soldiers of the Confederacy’s primary army we can see how the end of the Civil War unfolded for these men.
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Gelder, Alan Bruce. "Multi-stage contests : theory and experiments." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1323.
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In a multi-stage contest known as a two-player race, players display two fundamental behaviors: (1) The laggard will make a last stand in order to avoid the cost of losing; and (2) the player who is ahead will defend his lead if it is threatened. Last stand behavior, in particular, contrasts with previous research where the underdog simply gives up. The distinctive results are achieved by introducing losing penalties and discounting into the racing environment. This framework permits the momentum effect, typically ascribed to the winner of early stages, to be more thoroughly examined. I study the likelihood that the underdog will catch up. I find that neck-and-neck races are common when the losing penalty is large relative to the winning prize, while landslide victories occur when the prize is relatively large. Closed-form solutions are given for the case where players have a common winning prize and losing penalty.
Chapter 2 then experimentally examines the prediction of last stand behavior in a multi-battle contest with a winning prize and losing penalty, as well as the contrasting prediction of surrendering in the corresponding contest with no penalty. We find varied evidence in support of these hypotheses in the aggregated data, but more conclusive evidence when scrutinizing individual player behavior. Players tend to adopt one of several strategies. We develop a taxonomy to classify player types and study how the different strategies interact. The last stand and surrendering behaviors have implications for winning margins and the likelihood of an upset, which we investigate. Behaviorally, players are typically more aggressive when they reach a state in the contest by winning rather than by losing.
The third and final chapter is a distinct departure from the study of multi-battle contests. Using comprehensive census data for Cornwall County, England, I create a panel dataset that spans six censuses (1841--1891)—possibly the largest panel dataset for Victorian England at present. I present the methodology for linking individuals and families across these censuses. This methodology incorporates recent advances in census linking (including the use of machine learning) and introduces new methods for tracking migration and changes in household composition. I achieve a forward matching rate of 43%. The additional inclusion of marriage and death records could allow for well over 60% of the population to be accounted for from one census to the next. Using this new panel, I investigate the frequency with which sons pursue the same occupations that they observed their fathers doing while growing up. For sons that did not follow in their father's footsteps, I identify some correlates that may have contributed to the change.
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Ahlsén, Nils. "BEATA MARIA/DEA VULTS! : En studie i bruket av Maria som symbol för heligt krig från korstågen till belägringen av Wien." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Religionshistoria, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-385762.
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Beata Maria/Dea Vults is a thesis for the degree of master (one year) in theology. The thesis explores the role of the Virgin Mary as a martial saint in catholic combat with Islam and muslims between the years 1119 AD to 1648 AD with a focus on symbolism. The paper is focusing on symbolism in war banners, patron saints and semiotic symbols on arms and armour. There are three different events or phenomenons in the study, separated in time as well as space. Firstly the war banner used at the battle of Las Navas (1212 AD) during the reconquista of Spain. The banner of Mary with child is the prime subjekt as well as the myths appearing in the aftermath of the battle, and the ceremony that was devised from it. The second phenomenon is the knights templars use of Mary as patron saint, and the ceremony that followed this relationship. There is also discussion of the belts worn that were related to Mary, the use of wich is attested in documents from the trials of the templars between 1307 and 1312 AD. Lastly the paper focuses on the armours of the polish winged husars of 1648 AD and the seige of Vienna. The thesis explores the relationship between the symbols of the armour of the husars and the religious views of King John III Sobieski of Poland. The main question of the study is: What were the meaning of the symbols of Mary as she was carried as a ritualistic symbol for war? The subsequent questions are: How do you trace a progression in the useage of Mary as a symbol from the templars all the way to the use of Mary as a symbol for the winged husars? Which types of worship of Mary as a symbol were used primarliy in wars with muslims? The paper is researched by qualitative methods including text analysis as well as semiotic symbolism reading. There are two theories used in the analysis. Smarts dimensions and Andersons and Hulls Warrior elites, with Smarts dimensions as the dominant theory.
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Jurado, Riba Víctor J. "Clientelisme, milícia i govern: Lluís de Requesens i la noblesa catalana al servei de Felip II (1568-1576)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672406.
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Aquesta tesi doctoral analitza dos aspectes fonamentals de la vida de Lluís de Requesens, d’una banda, la seva activitat com a militar al servei de Felip II i, de l’altra, la seva funció dins l’estructuració de la noblesa catalana i de les seves relacions amb la Cort, analitzat fonamentalment la guerra com a mecanisme d’ascens social a través de la seva clientela.
Lluís de Requesens fou un dels nobles més importants al servei de Felip II, culminant la trajectòria de servei del seu llinatge amb alguns dels càrrecs de major rellevància en època moderna. Tot i que la bibliografia li ha atribuït sempre una funció més propera a la diplomàcia que a la guerra, va tenir actuacions notables com a militar. En aquest estudi es farà una anàlisi del pas d’aquest noble català pels diversos escenaris bèl·lics on tingué una participació destacada: la guerra contra els moriscos a las Alpujarras, la batalla de Lepant i el seu dificultós govern a Flandes. A més, la recerca s’endinsa en la construcció de la seva clientela de nobles catalans i com, a través del servei personal a Requesens i a Felip II per la via de les armes, procuraven engruixir el seu currículum per buscar una bona col·locació dins la Monarquia.<br>Esta tesis doctoral analiza dos aspectos fundamentales de la vida de Luis de Requesens, por un lado, su actividad como militar al servicio de Felipe II y, del otro, su función dentro de la estructuración de la nobleza catalana y de sus relaciones con la Corte, analizando fundamentalmente la guerra como mecanismo de ascenso social a través de su clientela.
Luis de Requesens fue uno de los nobles más importantes al servicio de Felipe II, culminando la trayectoria de servicio de su linaje con algunos de los cargos de mayor relevancia en época moderna. Aunque la bibliografía le ha atribuido siempre una función más próxima a la diplomacia que a la guerra, tuvo actuaciones notables como militar. En este estudio se hará un análisis del paso de este noble catalán por los diversos escenarios bélicos donde tuvo una participación destacada: la guerra contra los moriscos en las Alpujarras, la batalla de Lepanto y su tortuoso gobierno en Flandes. Además, la investigación se adentra en la construcción de su clientela de nobles catalanes y cómo, a través del servicio personal a Requesens y a Felipe II por la vía de las armas, procuraban ampliar su currículum para buscar una buena colocación dentro de la Monarquía.<br>This doctoral thesis analyses two fundamental aspects of the life of Lluís de Requesens, on the one hand, his activity as a soldier in the service of Philip II and, on the other hand, his role in the structure of the Catalan nobility and his relations with the Court, analyzing war as a mechanism for social promotion through his clientele.
Lluís de Requesens was one of the most important nobles in the service of Philip II, culminating the service of his lineage with some of the most important posts in modern times. Although the bibliography has always attributed to him a role closer to diplomacy than to war, he had notable performances as a military man. This study will analyze the passage of this Catalan nobleman through the different war scenarios in which he played an outstanding role: the war against the Moors in the Alpujarras, the battle of Lepanto, and his difficult government in Flanders. In addition, the research delves into the construction of his clientele of Catalan nobles and how, through personal service to Requesens and Philip II by way of arms, they sought to swell their curriculum in order to find a good position within the Monarchy.
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Hsu, chen-yao, and 許臻耀. "A Study of Using Scenario-Oriented Design in Character Design-Apply NARNIA-THE LAST BATTLE as Example." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33775358703455777320.
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碩士<br>嶺東科技大學<br>視覺傳達設計研究所<br>97<br>Character is the core of a story. It is also the part which interacts with audience the most directly. No matter visual or literal works, character design is the key point to influence the quality of the whole work.
Because of the support from technology, many works combine with computer animation appear. It makes the characters we only can read in the literal works in the past become visualized. Today, it is showed by visual way.
Form Follows Function. Form is the effect of meaning. Character design presently still relies on intuitive design, and artistic creation always determined by personal subjectivity.
Base on the condition of creation, either creation or design present the hope and practice for the future from creator. With the same creating logic, the creation or design has relation with author’s industrial design background and product development experience. The design and creations are also having strong similarity between each other.
Thus, this author uses the Scenario-oriented design which often use in industrial design to look at the text of “Narnia-The Last Battle” as application. This study uses the thought of industrial design to view the character design. Through the application of the scenario map and the characteristic chart, this study analysis the design condition in the story, and start to make creation.
Therefore, this author holds a personal exhibition as the final presentation. The exhibition includes the sketches in the developing process and the finished A1 size character design pictures. It also includes the concept pictures of the Narnia, Tashi, and story board for assisting design. Finally, it utilizes the method of going back to the Narnia castle to make a display design for the exhibition space. The result provides another thought to designers or other people who are interested in the creation of character design in the future.
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HSIENCHING, SU, and 蘇仙菁. "“The Last Battle”：A Table-Tennis Training Process in a Long Journey Searching for a Good Coach." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76345926505369922169.
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碩士<br>臺北巿立體育學院<br>運動技術研究所<br>97<br>“The Last Battle”：A Table-Tennis Training Process in a Long Journey Searching for a Good Coach
Graduate student: Su, Hsien-Ching
Advisor: Kao, Li-Chuan
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“The Last Battle” : A Table-Tennis Training Process in a Long Journey Searching for a Good Coach is my own self narrative concerning the process of my search for participation in 2008 Beijing Olympics.
Through using self-narration of details of the search, I wrote this sport technique report to present the willpower of being an athlete. Hopefully this new style of writing will enrich the field of study in sport experience.
Those who own life stories can obtain others’ sympathetic responses. Therefore, the technique report of my sport experience was written in a narrative style and divided by four chapters. The first chapter was Introduction including the situation of this life story, my own growth in playing table-tennis, encountering the cross-road of my life, and making decision to search for the coach, Miss Chen Ching. The second chapter, Sharing Stories, contains the courses of being trained by Miss Chen in Gwan-Chou, China, emphasizing psychological adjustment and strengthening physical ability. When being in Gwan-Chou, I also met a good friend, Mr. Chin, Po-si. The third chapter, Enjoying Outcomes, describes my experience in gaining skill breakthrough but apart from Olympic recruiting. As being in a drama, my life was full of rising and falling episodes and I learned from both. The fourth chapter, Conclusion, consists of the inspirations and reflections during writing this report. On the other hand, I would like to encourage all athletes to keep their unique sport experiences in records that not only can add flesh and blood to the sport theories but also establish firmly an athlete’s subjectivity. We are the best!
As a result of completing this sport report, I hope it can obtain resonance from the field of table-tennis in Taiwan, and encourage the young players to make efforts in moving forward.
Keywords: athletes, coach, table-tennis, narratives
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Gomez, Miguel Dolan. "The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: The Culture and Practice of Crusading in Medieval Iberia." 2011. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/1079.
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This study examines the phenomenon of crusading in the Iberian Peninsula through the lens of the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa (1212). This battle was both a major Christian victory over the Almohad Empire of Morocco and its Andalusian allies, and the most successful crusade of the papacy of Innocent III. As such, it serves as an ideal case study for the practice and culture of crusading in the early thirteenth century.
The examination of the battle helps to expand our understanding of crusading in a number of ways. First, by examining the institutional aspects of the battle, against the backdrop of the career of Innocent III, it becomes clear that Las Navas was the first crusade in which all of the aspects of papal crusade policy were successfully brought together and implemented. The victory gave the Pope the confidence and capital to officially institutionalize the crusade shortly thereafter in 1215. Secondly, a close study of the participants reveals that, despite the development of official crusade practices, there were many disparate views on what exactly it meant to go on crusade, and what crusaders were expected to do. The Iberian Christians differed greatly from many of the international crusaders both in their cultural attitudes and their expectations of the campaign. For the French participants, the campaign was part of a well-established crusading tradition, passed down from their ancestors. For the Spanish, crusade was a new concept, just beginning to take hold and influence their approach to the regular warfare with their Muslim neighbors. However, the victory of Las Navas helped to solidify and expand the acceptance of crusade ideology in the minds of the Iberian Christians in the ensuing years.
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Massoua, II Marcelline. "The challenge of multilingualism in a partial translation of the play, requiem for the Last Kaiser." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/37377.
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Requiem for the Last Kaiser by the Cameroonian playwright Bate Besong, is a play characterised by singular translational challenges. These challenges range from the presence of many different languages in the text to the use of humour and intratextual references taken from a various range of sources such as the Bible, world history and politics, etc. In our 21st century world, where translation has been described as the language of Europe by Umberto Eco, Africa’s literary treasures should be given a wider readership by means of translation, starting with French, to introduce the writer’s work to French-speaking Cameroonians and from there to other Francophones. The aim of this research was to determine in what way multilingualism in the play could affect its translation and, secondly, how to translate the various multilingual utterances. The focus was put on the rendition of the play’s multilingual elements in a language or languages understandable to a French-speaking readership while keeping the author’s initial intention in mind. This was done firstly by gathering relevant knowledge on theatre as well as literary and theatrical translation, and on the other hand on literary multilingualism and multilingual translation. Subsequently, 28 text segments including multilingual utterances were extracted from the source text, analysed using a combination of the functionalist approach and hermeneutics, and translated. Several translation strategies and procedures were used, among which literalism was particularly successful. It was found that these could not be generalised and that translation choices should be made for each individual utterance. The play impacts on the literary, sociolinguistic, political, and sociological domains, as it dates from the 1990s, a period of Cameroonian history marked by popular uprisings and the struggle for democracy. Attempting a partial translation of Requiem for the Last Kaiser was a means of contributing to the field of multilingual theatre translation, sharing the richness of Bate Besong’s literary work and giving Cameroonian literature in English the port of access it needs since it has not yet attained the recognition it surely deserves.<br>Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2013.<br>gm2014<br>Modern European Languages<br>unrestricted
Books on the topic "The Last Battle"
Book chapters on the topic "The Last Battle"
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Glitman, Maynard W. "Setting the Table." In The Last Battle of the Cold War. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403983169_1.
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Glitman, Maynard W. "Shorter-Range INF—Sealing Off the Potential for Circumventing the Treaty." In The Last Battle of the Cold War. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403983169_10.
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Glitman, Maynard W. "Undertakings: The Story of a Word." In The Last Battle of the Cold War. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403983169_11.
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Glitman, Maynard W. "Verification: Making Trust Acceptable." In The Last Battle of the Cold War. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403983169_12.
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Glitman, Maynard W. "Moving to the Hill: Senate Ratification." In The Last Battle of the Cold War. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403983169_13.
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Glitman, Maynard W. "Upsides and Downsides." In The Last Battle of the Cold War. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403983169_14.
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Glitman, Maynard W. "Soviet INF: NATO and the United States Mobilize to Counter the Threat." In The Last Battle of the Cold War. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403983169_2.
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Glitman, Maynard W. "NATO Faces the Soviet Challenge." In The Last Battle of the Cold War. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403983169_3.
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Glitman, Maynard W. "Taking the First Steps." In The Last Battle of the Cold War. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403983169_4.
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Glitman, Maynard W. "The End of the Beginning." In The Last Battle of the Cold War. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403983169_5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "The Last Battle"
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Bunker, Ronald S. "Evolution of Turbine Cooling." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-63205.
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Turbine cooling is a battle between the desire for greater hot section component life and the techno-economic demands of the marketplace. Surprisingly little separates the haves from the have nots. The evolution of turbine cooling is loosely analogous to that of the Darwinian theory of evolution for animals, starting from highly simplistic forms and progressing to increasingly more complex designs having greater capabilities. Yet even with the several generations of design advances, limitations are becoming apparent as complexity sometimes leads to less robust outcomes in operation. Furthermore, the changing environment for operation and servicing of cooled components, both the natural and the imposed environments, are resulting in new failure modes, higher sensitivities, and more variability in life. The present paper treats the evolution of turbine cooling in three broad aspects including the background development, the current state-of-the-art, and the prospects for the future. Unlike the Darwinian theory of evolution however, it is not feasible to implement thousands of small incremental design changes, random or not, to determine the fittest for survival and advancement. Instead, innovation and experience are utilized to direct the evolution. Over the last approximately 50 years, advances have led to an overall increase in component cooling effectiveness from 0.1 to 0.7. Innovation and invention aside, the performance of the engine has always dictated which technologies advance and which do not. Cooling technologies have been aided by complimentary and substantial advancements in materials and manufacturing. The state-of-the-art now contains dozens of internal component cooling methods with their many variations, yet still relies mainly on only a handful of basic film cooling forms that have been known for 40 years. Even so, large decreases in coolant usage, up to 50%, have been realized over time in the face of increasing turbine firing temperatures. The primary areas of greatest impact for the future of turbine cooling are discussed, these being new engine operating environments, component and systems integration effects, revolutionary turbine cooling, revolutionary manufacturing, and the quantification of unknowns. One key will be the marriage of design and manufacturing to bring about the concurrent use of engineered micro cooling or transpiration, with the ability of additive manufacturing. If successful, this combination could see a further 50% reduction in coolant usage for turbines. The other key element concerns the quantification of unknowns, which directly impacts validation and verification of current state-of-the-art and future turbine cooling. Addressing the entire scope of the challenges will require future turbine cooling to be of robust simplicity and stability, with freeform design, much as observed in the “designs” of nature.
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French, Jesse J., and John M. Henshaw. "Development of a Mechanical Damage Classification System for Use in the Post Construction Code for Nonmetallic Repair of Piping and Pressure Vessels." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-78099.
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ASME PCC-2, Repair of Pressure Equipment and Piping, Article 4.1, addresses the repair of high-pressure systems with nonmetallic composite systems and generally permits the repair of dents and gouges in paragraph 1.2(b) with certain substrate preparation requirements. Research done at The University of Tulsa along with meta-analysis of the work preformed over the last three decades at PRCI, GRI and Battelle has shown that classification of mechanical damage must be further refined and delineated to adequately address all applicable facets of non-metallic repair. This paper covers the author’s work with the Nonmetallic Repair Subgroup (SG NMR) to classify types of mechanical damage and the associated permissible repair methods. These damage classifications are set to be included in future editions of the PCC-2. The types of mechanical damage that were considered for this research were dents, cracks, gouges and certain repairable combinations of the three. Specific definitions are laid forth for the damage types and their subclasses along with geometric nomenclature in an attempt to standardize classification across the differences in the international standards. Other forms of mechanical damage and associated amplifying factors exist and are issues that pipeline and refinery assurance managers are concerned with. Additional examples of mechanical damage that are often considered for non-metallic repair are wrinkles and wrinkle bends, creases, buckling points and seismic folds. A common amplifying factor for mechanical damage is that increased corrosion rates often appear at the site of damage due to breeching of protective coatings or creation of extreme geometries that facilitate crevice corrosion, or the development of residual stresses.
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Völling, Alexander, Christoph Kalwa, and Marion Erdelen-Peppler. "The Misconception of Employing CVN Toughness as Key-Measure in Ductile Crack Arrest Prediction for Modern Line-Pipe Steels." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33457.
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Since the late 1960s’ the Battelle Two-curve (BTC) model is the standard method applied in setting up design requirements with regard to the prevention of long-running ductile fracture in pipelines. It is a straightforward tool employing Charpy-V notch (CVN) toughness as key-measure for material resistance against crack propagation. On basis of pipe dimensions, material strength, and under consideration of decompression behavior of the transferred media, it enables to set up requirements for a minimum CVN toughness level to achieve crack arrest. Overall applicability of the BTC model is based on calibration of the underlying equations to a sound data-base, including both full-scale burst test results and small-scale laboratory testing data involving typical line-pipe grades at that period, i.e. up to grade X70 steels with below 100 J upper-shelf CVN toughness. Now over the last decades, mechanical behavior of line-pipe steels was improved significantly. Responding to market demands, higher grades were designed and also toughness levels were raised as outcome of R&D efforts within the steel industry. Unfortunately, stepping outside the original material data-base from BTC model calibration, this method did forfeit its reliability. At the beginning, mispredictions were mainly related to higher grade steels and elevated operating pressures. But more recent full-scale tests did reveal discrepancies in application of the BTC model also for so-called new vintage steels, i.e. grades actually being inside the original data base for model calibration but from current production routes. With regard to applicability/reliability of BTC model based predictions for crack arrest, the origin of uncertainty has particularly been traced back to the involved material toughness measure. Nowadays, it is common sense that the CVN upper-shelf toughness value inadequately describes the resistance against running ductile fracture. More recent thoughts coherently argue towards closer involving stress-strain response and plastic deformation capacities of the material. On basis of results for grades X65, X80 and X100, the general relation between ductility and toughness is discussed. Finally, an elastic-plastic fracture mechanics related analytical approach is introduced which enables to quantify the resistance against ductile fracture propagation. The objective is to provide a reliable procedure for crack arrest prediction in line-pipe steels.
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Smits, Aletta, Annette Schenk, and Lizet Van Ewijk. "Stealing their beer time: turning studying for medical progress tests into a social game." In CARPE Conference 2019: Horizon Europe and beyond. Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carpe2019.2019.10189.
Full textAbstract:
Because of the specific requirements of the medical profession, it is imperative that doctors-to-be have a wide range of knowledge at their fingertips. In order to facilitate this, most medical programmes employ some kind of overall ready-knowledge test: a test that is not connected to one specific course, but contains questions on all the facts and figures from all the courses in the entire curriculum. The test is generally administered four times a year to all students participating in the program. First year students are required to answer the same questions as fourth year students. However, for first year students the thresh hold for passing the exam is at a lower level.The aim of this progress test is threefold: (1) testing if the knowledge of students is up to par; (2) making sure that students understand that being a medical professional means continuing to have all the knowledge readily available at all times; and (3) changing the way students prepare for a test: not a big cramming session for one test the night before the test happens and then forget about it, but continuously working on keeping knowledge at an acceptable level. This last goal has, however, not been achieved. While students appreciate the test because of the sense of progress it provides them, in a Dutch study into its effects, students widely report that also for this test, they still prepare in cramming sessions. The result is still that the retention level of the ready knowledge is not at the level it should be.Since studies have extensively shown that students enjoy studying in a gamified process more, that they more easily get into 'a flow', and that the retention rates of knowledge acquired during a flow are higher, we propose to attempt to change the way the student prepare for the test by gamifying the process. Gamifying the process neatly matches a feeling of progress that facilitates the control students feel over their studying process and over mastering the material. Rather than losing points for not having questions correct, a student gains levels/XP/avatar strength whenever he/she masters a specific topic, or nails a series of questions on different topics within a specific time frame (‘challenge’), etc. The game mechanics and the design of the gaming world will be two important aspects of this project. A third important aspect will be the distribution of knowledge in the game and the way topics are brought up again, practiced again, or combined with other topics. The algorithm that lie at the basis of that need to be smart, adaptive and non-repetitive. A final important aspect of this process concerns the question of how to make playing this game part of the social life of students (battles on Friday afternoon for instance, or leader boards in the hallway).As mentioned above: Research indicates that gamification has a positive effect on retention and on commitment. If we then also manage to embed the game in a social setting, it can be truly called a “stealing their beer time”-type of intervention: moments that they would normally chill out and have a beer with their peers have now turned into moments where they still chill out, maybe still have a beer, but also study.We would like to share our ideas and invite partners of other programs (not necessarily medical) to join in our quest to build an overall knowledge assessment game in a modular way.