Academic literature on the topic 'The Picture Word Inductive Model'
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Journal articles on the topic "The Picture Word Inductive Model"
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Ermita, Mira, Emzir Emzir, and Ninuk Lustyantie. "PICTURE WORD INDUCTIVE MODEL FOR BETTER DESCRIPTIVE TEXT WRITING." Indonesian EFL Journal 5, no. 2 (July 23, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/ieflj.v5i2.1736.
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This study is done to find out the effect of using the Picture Word Inductive Model for teaching-learning descriptive text with second-semester students in the English Education Study Program at the University of Jambi in Indonesia to improve the students� writing skills. This study used an action research method. Three cycles were done in this study. Data were gathered from observations and tests. In the preliminary study, the mean score of the student�s speaking was 50. The percentage of students who passed the minimum criterion of 70 was 6% with only 1 out of 17 students passing the minimum score. The mean score from cycle 1 was 72 and only 11 students or 65% passed the minimum score. The mean score from cycle 2 was 67 and 41%, i.e. only 7 students passed the minimum score. Meanwhile, from cycle 3, the mean score was 80 and all of the students (100%) passed the minimum score. Hence, the results showed that the use of Picture Word Inductive Model was a success. The students enjoyed their lessons more and were more motivated, interested and confident during the teaching-learning sessions.
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Tiyas, Lisa Agus Ning. "THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PICTURE WORD INDUCTIVE MODEL IN TEACHING WRITING TO THE SEVEN GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP N 1 MAOSPATI IN SCHOOLING YEAR OF 2014/2015." English Teaching Journal : A Journal of English Literature, Language and Education 4, no. 2 (July 3, 2019): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/etj.v4i2.4583.
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<p>The purpose of this research is to know the implementation of Picture Word Inductive Model and also to know the advantages and disadvantages of Picture Word Inductive Model in teaching writing. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The population of this research is the seven grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Maospati. The sample of this research is the students of class 7i that consists of 30 students, with the technique of sampling using purposive sampling. The data collections are gotten from observation, interview and documentation. In analysing the data, the researcher uses (1) reducing data, (2) displaying data, and (3) conclusion or verification. The result of the analysis shows that: in applying the Picture Word Inductive Model, the teacher gives explanation about descriptive text and the definition of Picture word inductive model and give example by showing the pictures. Before the teacher asked the students to write it by themselves, the teacher gives example how to write based on the picture. The advantages of the implementation of Picture word inductive model are the students are active, enjoy, have good enthusiasm in the teaching and learning process and the students can write easily because they have found the word in the picture. The implementation of PWIM also helps to increase students’ ability in writing skill. The disadvantages of this research are the students have difficulty in making sentences and it needs more time to teach writing using that strategy in teaching learning process. Based on the result of the research, the researcher gives suggestions to the teacher, students and readers. The teachers should be creative to teach the students, so the lesson will be more interesting.</p>
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Hamdani, Beny. "Enhancing Vocabulary Among EFL Young Learners Through Picture-Word Inductive Model." International Journal of English Education and Linguistics (IJoEEL) 2, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33650/ijoeel.v2i1.1101.
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AbstractThis paper critically aims to enhance English vocabularies among EFL young learners of the fifth grade students through picture-word inductive model at elementary school Zainul Hasan Genggong Probolinggo in the academic year of 2019-2020. The research problem is How is the effective picture-word inductive model to enhance vocabulary among young learners of elemantary school Zainul Hasan Genggong Probolinggo? The type of the research is classroom action research. It was conducted in two cycles. The subjects of the research were 20 students of fifth grade. The data were collected from the test, interview, documentation and observation. The result showed that the students had increased their English vocabulary mastery which can be seen from the test result provided by the researcher. This is the evident from the test result that overall there was an increase in the English vocabulary mastery of 5 grade students as much as 50.70 % in the first cycle and 85.54 % in the second cycle. Meanwhile, the observation result showed that the students seemed more enthusiastic during the learning process. In reference to the actions conducted in two cycles, the use of the picture-word inductive model enhances the students’ vocabulary by practicing words into sentences and more attention on mechanical aspects such as spelling and pronunciation. Keywords : Young Learners, Vocabulary Mastery, Picture-word inductive model.
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Yulizar, Yulizar. "PICTURE WORD INDUCTIVE MODEL EFFECTIVE RESEARCH AS THE MEDIA FOR INCREASING STUDENTS’ WRITING AILITY IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT." Jurnal As-Salam 2, no. 3 (December 31, 2018): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37249/as-salam.v2i3.110.
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Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah siswa yang diajar dengan picture word inductive model memiliki keterampilan menulis teks deskriptif lebih baik dari pada siswa yang diajar dengan gambar biasa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eks5perimen semu; nonequivalent control group pre-posttest design. Sampel penelitian adalah kelas VIII.1 dan VIII.2. Kelas VIII.1 merupakan kelas control yang diajar dengan menggunakan picture biasa sedangkan kelas VIII.2 merupakan kelas experimen yang diajar dengan menggunakan picture word inductive model. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data penelitian adalah tes menulis teks deskriptif. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan independent t-test. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa siswa yang diajar dengan picture word inductive model mempunyai keterampilan menulis teks deskriptif lebih besar daripada siswa yang diajar dengan gambar biasa.
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Tomasouw, Jolanda. "PENGARUH MODEL PENGAJARAN INDUKTIF KATA BERGAMBAR TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA JERMAN." Perspektif Ilmu Pendidikan 28, no. 2 (October 16, 2014): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/pip.282.1.
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Abstract: Inductive word picture teaching model is an instructional model used for the students at beginner levelat the German Study Program to direct them to complete the complicated tasks applying higher thinking order.This research aimed at discovering the effect of this model towards the students’ writing skill in German. Thisexperimental research applied single design with pre- and post- tests in Faculty of Teachers Education, PattimuraUniversity, Ambon during the second semester of 2013/2014. The result of research showed, the model has significantinfluence to writing skill. This means, the model forces the students to think inductively in writing. Besides, themodel enables them to construct their basic structural analysis systematically.
Keywords : writing skill, inductive model, picture word.
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Gu, Cui, and Thanachart Lornklang. "The Use of Picture-word Inductive Model and Readers’ Theater to Improve Chinese EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Learning Achievement." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 12, no. 3 (June 29, 2021): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.12n.3.p.120.
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Vocabulary, as the fundament of any language, is one of the most crucial aspects of language learning. And it also draws great attention from Chinese learners of English as a foreign language (EFL). This study conducted an experiment to examine the effectiveness of the picture-word inductive model (PWIM) and readers’ theater on Chinese primary EFL learners’ vocabulary learning achievement. The samples were 34 fifth-grade students from a primary school of China. The students received a vocabulary learning treatment with the lesson plans constructed based on the picture-word inductive model and readers’ theater using Chinese Cheng-yu, and an English vocabulary learning achievement test was conducted before and after the treatment. Results of the test showed that the students’ mean scores in the posttest were significantly improved than in the pre-test, and results of the questionnaire showed that the participants were highly satisfied with learning English via picture-word inductive model and readers’ theater. The results indicated that learning English via picture-word inductive model and readers’ theater is an effective way for improving learners’ English vocabulary learning achievement as it provides the visual support and opportunities for learners to engage in vocabulary acquisition.
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Meliasari, Rahayu, Ngadiso Ngadiso, and Sri Marmanto. "The Picture Word Inductive Model: Its Effectiveness to Teach Writing Viewed from Students' Interest." International Journal of Language Teaching and Education 2, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 248–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/ijolte.v2i3.5697.
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Picture Word Inductive Model is an inquiry-oriented strategy for teaching writing that uses picture containing familiar objects to fully lead students into inquiring about words, adding words to their writing, and ultimately developing the title, sentences, and paragraphs about their picture. This experimental study aimed to find out the effectiveness of PWIM to teach writing viewed from students’ interest in the eighth grade of MTs. ASWAJA Pontianak. Sampling technique was through cluster random sampling resulting 2 classes which consist of 26 students of each class contributed to the study. Technique of data collection encompassed writing test and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using 2x2 Multifactor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s HSD Test. The result revealed that: (1) Picture Word Inductive Model(PWIM) is more effective than Controlled-Writing Strategy (CWS) to teach writing; (2) students having high interest have better writing skill than those having low interest. (3) there is an interaction between teaching strategies and the level of interest on students’ writing skill.
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Zhao, Meilin, and Thanachart Lornklang. "The Use of Picture Word Inductive Model Focusing on Chinese Culture to Promote Young Learners’ English Vocabulary Acquisition." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 10, no. 4 (August 31, 2019): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.10n.4p.105.
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As the foundation of English, the vocabulary difficulty should be removed first with effective instructions to develop learners’ English ability in order to meet the request of Thailand’s national curriculum. In addition, because English is used as a medium of intercultural communication and one component of language learning, diverse cultural contents should be combined with English teaching. Therefore the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of using picture word inductive model (PWIM) focusing on Chinese culture to promote young learners’ English vocabulary acquisition. This pre-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design was conducted on grade six students for six weeks at private schools, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province in Thailand. The instruments in this study were lesson plans based on picture word inductive model using Chinese culture and English vocabulary acquisition test. After analyzing the data using mean (x̄), standard deviation (S.D.) and t-test, the findings showed that the post-test mean score of English vocabulary acquisition of grade six students who had learned English through picture word inductive model focusing on Chinese culture was significantly higher than the pre-test one at the.05 level. The study indicates that using picture word inductive model focusing on Chinese culture is an effective instruction in promoting young learners’ vocabulary acquisition as it provides learners attractive visual support to widen and deepen the application of the vocabulary and cultural knowledge.
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Kamarudin, Kamarudin. "The Effect of Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) on Students’ Vocabulary Mastery." Jurnal Paedagogy 8, no. 3 (July 7, 2021): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/jp.v8i3.3851.
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This research is aimed at finding out whether using Picture Word Inductive Model has positive effect on students’ vocabulary mastery or not. The research was pre-experimental with pre-test post-test design. The population and sample of the study was second grade students of MTs NW Lingsar which consisted of one class (26 students). The instrument that was used objective test (20 items). The score was analyzed by used descriptive and inferential analysis. Descriptive analysis was used to describe mean; mode, median, and standard deviation of group, and inferential analysis was used to describe the value of t-test for comparison between t-table. It was showed that the value of-test = 4.708 was higher than the value of t-table = 1.708. So, using Picture Word Inductive Model has positive effect on students’ vocabulary mastery at MTs NW Lingsar.
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Sabrina, Kisti, Kamaluddin Kamaluddin, Kamaluddin Kamaluddin, Yulius Tandi Sapan, and Yulius Tandi Sapan. "THE EFFECT OF PWIM (PICTURE WORD INDUCTIVE MODEL) ON STUDENTS’ COMPETENCE IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT." Journal of Teaching English 5, no. 4 (September 12, 2020): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.36709/jte.v5i3.13868.
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This research aimed at investigating whether there is a significant effect of Picture Word Inductive Model on students’ competence in writing narrative text. The design of this research was Pre-Experimental design one group pre test and post test. The population of this research was all first grade of class IPA of Senior High School 4 Wangi-Wangi. The sample of this research was class IPA 1 which consists of 20 students. The instrument of this research was writing test in narrative genre and the criteria of students’ writing were assessed from five aspects of writing, namely content, organization, language use, vocabulary and mechanics. The data were obtained by using two essay writing tests. They were pre-test and post-test. The pre-test was given before treatment and the post-test was given after treatments in order to know the students’ competence before and after treatment of Picture Word Inductive Model. The data were analyzed by using SPSS in form of Paired Sample T-test. The result of the analysis showed that there was a significant effect of Picture Word Inductive Model on students’ competence in writing narrative text. It proved by the result of hypothesis testing using paired sample t-test. The mean score of pre-test was 59.77 and mean score of post-test was 76.67. Moreover, as a result the probability score of .000 (p score) was less than the level of significance (p ≤ 0.50. Therefore, it can be said that using Picture Word Inductive Model gives significant effect to increase students’ competence in writing narrative text at class IPA 1 of Senior High School 4 Wangi-Wangi.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "The Picture Word Inductive Model"
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Swartzendruber, Kara Louise McDowell Kim. "The picture word inductive model and vocabulary acquisition." Diss., A link to full text of this thesis in SOAR, 2007. http://soar.wichita.edu/dspace/handle/10057/1178.
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Thesis (M.Ed.)--Wichita State University, College of Education, Dept. of Curriculum and Instruction."May 2007." Title from PDF title page (viewed on Dec. 29, 2007). Thesis adviser: Kim McDowell. Includes bibliographic references (leaves 42-46).
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Li, Xiaobin. "The Picture Word Inductive Model and English Vocabulary Acquisition : A Study in a Swedish Primary School." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Lärande och Miljö, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-8376.
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This essay aims to assess the efficacy of the Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) in the acquisition of new English vocabulary for Swedish grade-4 pupils of a primary school in southernSweden. In this study, two aspects of vocabulary acquisition were concerned, namely, the recognition of vocabulary forms (spelling and pronunciation) and general understanding of word meaning in the short term. The pupils were divided into two groups and the methods were tests; questionnaires and the data were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. After teaching lessons with the PWIM for one group and with using the word-list for the other close-level group, the results show that the group taught by the PWIM gained relatively higher test scores and performed more actively and found the lesson more enjoyable in the classroom. Teaching by the PWIM is found to be effective in learning the new English vocabulary ofSLA(Second Language Acquisition). Although this efficacy is not prominent, a larger sample size and longer length of the cycles for the teaching of the PWIM would increase precision and will probably provide a different result for the efficacy of the PWIM in further studies.
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Jiang, Xuan. "Vocabulary Learning through Use of the Picture-Word Inductive Model for Young English Learners in China: A Mixed Methods Examination Using Cognitive Load Theory." FIU Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1528.
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English has been taught as a core and compulsory subject in China for decades. Recently, the demand for English in China has increased dramatically. China now has the world’s largest English-learning population. The traditional English-teaching method cannot continue to be the only approach because it merely focuses on reading, grammar and translation, which cannot meet English learners and users’ needs (i.e., communicative competence and skills in speaking and writing).
This study was conducted to investigate if the Picture-Word Inductive Model (PWIM), a new pedagogical method using pictures and inductive thinking, would benefit English learners in China in terms of potential higher output in speaking and writing. With the gauge of Cognitive Load Theory (CLT), specifically, its redundancy effect, I investigated whether processing words and a picture concurrently would present a cognitive overload for English learners in China.
I conducted a mixed methods research study. A quasi-experiment (pretest, intervention for seven weeks, and posttest) was conducted using 234 students in four groups in Lianyungang, China (58 fourth graders and 57 seventh graders as an experimental group with PWIM and 59 fourth graders and 60 seventh graders as a control group with the traditional method). No significant difference in the effects of PWIM was found on vocabulary acquisition based on grade levels. Observations, questionnaires with open-ended questions, and interviews were deployed to answer the three remaining research questions. A few students felt cognitively overloaded when they encountered too many writing samples, too many new words at one time, repeated words, mismatches between words and pictures, and so on. Many students listed and exemplified numerous strengths of PWIM, but a few mentioned weaknesses of PWIM. The students expressed the idea that PWIM had a positive effect on their English teaching.
As integrated inferences, qualitative findings were used to explain the quantitative results that there were no significant differences of the effects of the PWIM between the experimental and control groups in both grade levels, from four contextual aspects: time constraints on PWIM implementation, teachers’ resistance, how to use PWIM and PWIM implemented in a classroom over 55 students.
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Swartzendruber, Kara Louise. "The picture word inductive model and vocabulary acquisition." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/1178.
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The main purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to determine if students’ vocabulary acquisition is enhanced with the picture word inductive model (PWIM), a research based method of vocabulary instruction (Calhoun, 1999). Additionally, this research sought to identify if performances on vocabulary measures are related to performances on comprehension measures. Further, the study examined if the use of the PWIM impacts vocabulary and/or comprehension scores. Finally, this research focused on the possibility of the influence of language status on vocabulary and comprehension skills. The experimental group of 14 second graders participated in the 4-week intervention, while the control group, consisting of 21 students from the other second grade classes, received typical classroom instruction without the intervention. Nine of the experimental group participants and 16 of the control group participants speak English as a second language. To assess students’ vocabulary knowledge, a researcher-generated assessment was administered prior to intervention (pretest) and immediately following intervention (post test). This assessment targeted some of the vocabulary expected to be suggested by students in the course of the project. Also, the Scholastic Reading Inventory was used to test comprehension. The PWIM intervention was analyzed through parametric statistics by examining the vocabulary gains that participants made from the pre-assessment to the post-assessment. Results indicated that statistically significant differences were not achieved between the control and experimental group participants on the final assessment. Within the experimental group, statistically significant differences in vocabulary scores and comprehension scores were noted. Results also indicated that students’ vocabulary gain scores and comprehension gain scores did not differ significantly based on language proficiency.Thesis (M.Ed.)--Wichita State University, College of Education, Dept. of Curriculum and Instruction
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Wong, Anni Ching-Man. "The influence of Picture Word Inductive Model on kindergarten students' development of literacy skills." 2009. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=958025&T=F.
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Chen, Chien-hung, and 陳建宏. "The Effects of the Picture Word Inductive Model on the Sixth-Grade Students'' Dolch Sight Words Acquisition in an Elementary School in Taiwan." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91173664894254036978.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
應用外語系碩士班
100
The purpose of the research aimed at investigating the effects of the Picture Word Inductive Model on the Taiwanese sixth-grade students’ acquisition of the Dolch sight words knowledge in the aspects of phonics (spelling and pronunciation), lexico-grammatical awareness (meaning and grammar) and reading comprehension. The participants in the research were 46 sixth-grade students, 29 male and 17 female, in two intact classes of an elementary school in Nantou County, Taiwan. One of the sixth-grade classes was the control group, and the other sixth- grade class was the experimental group. There were 23 students in the control group, 16 male and 7 female. In the experimental group, there were also 23 students, 13 male and 10 female. The students in the control group received regular English instruction, while those in the experimental group received the Picture Word Inductive Model program in two English classes a week for 18 weeks. Pretest-posttest of knowledge in the Dolch sight words in the aspects of phonics (spelling and pronunciation), lexico-grammatical awareness (meaning and grammar) and reading comprehension tests as well as reading questionnaires were applied to evaluate the students’ progress of reading competences and attitude change towards English reading before and after the Picture Word Inductive Model program. Interview with 11 students after the program was conducted and reflection logs were recorded to understand the students’ feelings about the Picture Word Inductive Model and their attitudes towards English reading. The results indicated that most of the students in the experimental group made prominent improvement in knowledge in the Dolch sight words in the aspects of phonics (spelling and pronunciation), lexico-grammatical awareness (meaning and grammar) and reading comprehension. Moreover, the findings showed that most of the participants in the experimental group were positive about the Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) and liked the implementation of the PWIM in English classes and that the PWIM is conductive to English learning. The researcher also provided some insights and suggestions for English teachers or educators in the study for their references.
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Feng, Ching Chao. "The Cooperative Classroom: Scaffolding EFL Elementary Learners' English Literacies Through the Picture Word Inductive Model -- The Journey of Three Teachers in Taiwan." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/27578.
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Children in Taiwan start their English classes in grade three. As they progress through the grades, they generally do not demonstrate high English proficiency. In addition, they also gradually lose their interest in learning English (“Education Minister,” 2009). To respond to the problem of achievement and motivation related to learning English, the Picture Word Inductive Model and Cooperative Learning were integrated as an alternative approach to the current instructional method in order to more effectively improve the Taiwanese elementary learners’ English literacy and highly motivate their interest in acquiring a foreign language. The focus of this study was to discover the participating teachers’ and students’ perspectives toward this new teaching approach and to understand the difficulties they encounter during the process of initiating and implementing an educational change.
This eleven-month qualitative study involved three elementary English teachers and their 71 students from grades 4, 5 and 6 as participants. The data were collected through field notes from onsite classroom observations, teachers’ weekly reflective journals, in-class video recordings, and transcripts of teachers’ monthly meetings and personal interviews with the participants. Although one teacher and her students had to withdraw from the study because of intense pressure from school authorities and parents, the results of this study indicate that the remaining teachers and students highly recommended implementing this alternative approach in English classes and believed that this new way of teaching not only helped students become more autonomous and responsible for their own learning, but also provided them with more opportunities to interact with their peers.
Although having doubts about this new approach at the beginning of the study and encountering difficulties during the process of implementation, the two teachers reported that their students’ English vocabulary had increased and they were able to compose meaningful English paragraphs as a result of this non-traditional strategy. The students also revealed that their motivation toward learning English had improved. Furthermore, the results show that support from school authorities and parents is essential to the initiation and maintenance of a change in education settings.
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Lin, Yen-Ku, and 林彥谷. "Action Research Exploring How to Enhance the Vocabulary and Speaking Ability of Fifth Graders by Deployment of Communicative Language Teaching and the Picture-Word Inductive Method." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/en3wp5.
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碩士大葉大學
外語服務產業碩士學位學程
105
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) and Picture-Word Inductive Method (PWIM)are approaches to language teaching which put emphasis on developing learners’ communicative skills through authentic language in meaningful contexts by problem-solving. Thus, the study hopes to investigate the pedagogical approaches in implementing CLT in the classroom practices for fifth graders in the selected elementary school in central Taiwan, which aims to understand the improvement of teaching English speaking and vocabulary by means of Communicative Language Teaching method (CLT) and Picture-Word Inductive Method (PWIM), in which action research is used to collect the data. The data in this research is used descriptive analysis (Lesson Plan, English Speaking Ability Evaluation, English Speaking Rating Sheet, Observation form, Interview Questions for students about the Instruction of PWIM, The Questions for Oral Test, The topics for Eight-week Schedule, The Pictures Used for Oral Test). The participants of this research are the 5th graders in elementary school consisting of 25 students (15 male students and 10 female students). On the basis of the result of data analysis, improvements on students’ speaking and vocabulary results are shown. The study would provide insight perspective on the knowledge of CLT. The insights on the classroom practices from the interviews with students and classroom observations from the homeroom teacher will be able to the contribution for the improvement of the English language teaching in elementary schools. By doing so, students’communicative skills are in the hope to be improved. This research indicates the deployment of CLT can improve students’ speaking and vocabulary achievement for the 5th graders in elementary school. Keywords: Speaking Ability, Vocabulary, Picture-Word Inductive Method, Communicative Language Teaching Method
Books on the topic "The Picture Word Inductive Model"
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Calhoun, Emily F. Teaching Beginning Reading and Writing With the Picture Word Inductive Model. Association for Supervision & Curriculum Deve, 1999.
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Biberauer, Theresa. Pro-drop and emergent parameter hierarchies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815853.003.0005.
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This chapter considers the extent to which it is still meaningful to conceptualize pro-drop phenomena in parametric terms, introducing a three-factors model in which parameters are emergent, not UG-given. Within this model, it seems possible to distinguish macro, meso, and micro pro-drop systems. The attested systematic variation in even the most familiar instantiations of these putative types, however, raises questions about existing parametric accounts of the acquisition and typological relationship between these systems. Drawing on parallels with a neo-emergentist account of word-order variation, the chapter argues for an approach assuming interdependent parameters (a parameter-hierarchy) where the ‘size’ and precise formal specification of pro-drop in individual grammars is determined by the way the model’s three factors interact, with different formal features playing potentially parallel roles in different systems. The typological picture is thus more variation-rich than previously assumed, but this variation exhibits the kind of cross-linguistic systematicity a parametric approach predicts.
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Ganeri, Jonardon. Epistemology from a Sanskritic Point of View. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190865085.003.0002.
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The author argues against the universality thesis, by which “the properties of the English word know and the English sentence “S knows that p” are shared by translations of these expressions in most or all languages.” The author argues that not only does the Sanskrit pramā, the closest term to English knowledge, have different properties, but its properties are most closely related to what epistemologists are investigating. English epistemic vocabulary brings with it parochial associations, including a static rather than a performative picture of epistemic agency, a model of justification that skews discussion about the value of epistemic practices, and possibly a nonfactive semantics at odds with the goals of epistemology. In this chapter, the author cites both theoretical writings about epistemology in Sanskrit and intuitions about the use of Sanskrit epistemic vocabulary to show that meaning is not easily translated.
Book chapters on the topic "The Picture Word Inductive Model"
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Starreveld, Peter A., and Jan N. H. Heemskerk. "A Connectionist Model for Context Effects in the Picture-Word Interference Task." In ICANN ’94, 234–37. London: Springer London, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2097-1_54.
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Makagonov, Pavel, and Mikhail Alexandrov. "Constructing Empirical Formulas for Testing Word Similarity by the Inductive Method of Model Self-Organization." In Advances in Natural Language Processing, 239–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45433-0_33.
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Kovalevskaitė, Jolanta, Loïc Boizou, Agnė Bielinskienė, Laima Jancaitė, and Erika Rimkutė. "The First Corpus-Driven Lexical Database of Lithuanian as L2." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia200630.
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The article presents a new resource for A2-B2 learners of Lithuanian as L2 to improve their lexical competence and language production skills. The lexical database is a lexicographic application of the Lithuanian Pedagogic Corpus which was used both to develop headword lists and to collect word usage information. For this study, we adopt the inductive procedure of Corpus Pattern Analysis which was partly automated using the Lithuanian Sketch Grammar in Sketch Engine. We explain the model for pattern recognition and description, sense division, the selection of examples and give some details concerning the user interface.
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Davis, Ellen F. "Joshua." In Opening Israel's Scriptures, 129–43. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190260545.003.0013.
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The book of Joshua, the first book of the Former Prophets, has historically been used to justify violent conquest, but it is better read as a model of anti-propaganda. The narrative draws a sharp contrast between the reliability of YHWH’s word and Israel’s slackness and offers a surprisingly sympathetic picture of Canaanites, the ostensible historical enemy. Origen’s practice of reading the story symbolically is suggestive: this is a complex theologically shaped story in which conquest is the dominant metaphor. The whole narrative may be seen as work of cultural memory that draws on stories of the distant past in order to support Israel’s resistance to apostasy and religious assimilation under the pressure of imperial threats, starting with the Assyrian empire in the seventh century.
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See-To, Eric W. K., Pablo Alejandre Del Rio, and Kevin K. W. Ho. "Social Media Effects in Virtual Brand Communities." In Global Branding, 756–81. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9282-2.ch037.
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Social networking sites (SNSs) such as Facebook and Twitter are emerging as major communication channels for organizations looking for new ways of customer engagement. Although this new scenario is having a massive impact on consumer behavior and marketing strategies, very little is known about users' intentions to participate in online social networks, and the potential benefits that online social interaction could generate. This research presents a new framework integrating the advantages of two well-known approaches, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), to understand the intention to participate in the SNSs. The TAM focuses more on volitional factors, while the TPB considers external influences such as social factors. The authors' framework integrates both models, and extended them with two key elements in online communication and E-commerce: privacy and trust. The framework also reflects the effects of interaction between brands and consumers on Facebook and Twitter. The new theoretical framework was tested through two cross-sectional surveys in Facebook and Twitter. The results indicate that high levels of trust, attitude and perceived usefulness can be good indicators of the adoption of a SNS. Individually, Twitter was found to be a powerful word of mouth tool, and Facebook is a good interactive channel. These findings can provide a better picture of how practitioners should develop their strategies in both platforms in order to maximize their potential.
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Amichba, Dimona. "MENTAL CONSTRUCT “MEANDER” AS A UNIVERSAL PROTOTYPICAL SYMBOL IN LANGUAGE AND CULTURE." In Factors of cross- and intercultural communication in the higher educational process of Ukraine. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-051-3-2.
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In this article, the mental construct "meander" is described from the standpoint of cognitive science and the theory of sign systems, it is considered as a universal prototypical symbol in language and culture. "Meander" is qualified as a deep sign, the mental fields of which are actualized by universal metaphorically structured images. Being an ambivalent "universal" Word, the "meander" in its deep structuring is objectified by mental fields of both positive and negative connotations. Based on the well-known position of Yu. S. Stepanov, according to which language as a construct and it consists of a core, social and mental shells, we were able to not only analyze and describe, but also to show the deep nature and potential capabilities of the prototypical symbol of the "meander". No less important for this work is the thesis that language is "a system capable of generating an infinite number of texts". "Meander" is characterized by a complex system of symbols, in which each element carries deep meanings and senses. Understanding the complexity of the prototypical symbol system, it should be noted that the study of such a scientific object as a "meander" should not be limited only from the position of linguistic disciplines. At the same time, "Meander" is attributed to both a stereotype and a prototypical symbol, since both concepts are associated with the content side of language and culture, that is, they are understood as mental constructs that correlate with the picture of the world. The purpose of this article is to describe the multi-component mental construct "meander" from the point of view of its deep structuring. “Meander” as a “stereotype” and a prototypical symbol incorporates the meanings of language and culture, and therefore is understood as a mental construct that adequately reflects the linguistic image of the world. "Stereotypes" and "prototypical symbols", to which we also refer the mental construct "meander", are transmitted by cognitive mechanisms, and, accordingly, are verbalized by one or another sense and meaning. Since the "meander" is a deep abstract prototypical symbol, it is able not only to combine many similar forms of the same object, but also to structure abstract connotative images that are categorized at a deep level. And in this sense, "Meander" is considered by us both as a prototypical symbol, and as a stereotype, and as a pattern, since it is structured according to a model that is often repeated. The results of the analysis showed that the universal, "common human" symbol "meander" is a deeply structured mental construction objectified by meanings and meanings in languages and cultures.
Conference papers on the topic "The Picture Word Inductive Model"
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Herawati, Nenden Ineu, Ahmad Juntika Nurihsan, Ahmad Hufad, and Tjutju Soendari. "Sensory Integration-Based Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM)." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Educational Sciences (ICES 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ices-18.2019.48.
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Sari, Ambar Wulan, and Santika. "The Effect Of Applying Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) on the Students’ Achievement in Writing Descriptive Text." In Eighth International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA-2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200819.033.
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Li, Shaohua, Xiuchao Sui, Xiangde Luo, Xinxing Xu, Yong Liu, and Rick Goh. "Medical Image Segmentation using Squeeze-and-Expansion Transformers." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/112.
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Medical image segmentation is important for computer-aided diagnosis. Good segmentation demands the model to see the big picture and fine details simultaneously, i.e., to learn image features that incorporate large context while keep high spatial resolutions. To approach this goal, the most widely used methods -- U-Net and variants, extract and fuse multi-scale features. However, the fused features still have small "effective receptive fields" with a focus on local image cues, limiting their performance. In this work, we propose Segtran, an alternative segmentation framework based on transformers, which have unlimited "effective receptive fields" even at high feature resolutions. The core of Segtran is a novel Squeeze-and-Expansion transformer: a squeezed attention block regularizes the self attention of transformers, and an expansion block learns diversified representations. Additionally, we propose a new positional encoding scheme for transformers, imposing a continuity inductive bias for images. Experiments were performed on 2D and 3D medical image segmentation tasks: optic disc/cup segmentation in fundus images (REFUGE'20 challenge), polyp segmentation in colonoscopy images, and brain tumor segmentation in MRI scans (BraTS'19 challenge). Compared with representative existing methods, Segtran consistently achieved the highest segmentation accuracy, and exhibited good cross-domain generalization capabilities.
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Ufimtseva, Natalia V. "Association-Verbal Network As A Model Of The Linguistic Picture Of The World." In X International Conference “Word, Utterance, Text: Cognitive, Pragmatic and Cultural Aspects”. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.08.169.
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Chen, Shizhe, Qin Jin, and Jianlong Fu. "From Words to Sentences: A Progressive Learning Approach for Zero-resource Machine Translation with Visual Pivots." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/685.
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The neural machine translation model has suffered from the lack of large-scale parallel corpora. In contrast, we humans can learn multi-lingual translations even without parallel texts by referring our languages to the external world. To mimic such human learning behavior, we employ images as pivots to enable zero-resource translation learning. However, a picture tells a thousand words, which makes multi-lingual sentences pivoted by the same image noisy as mutual translations and thus hinders the translation model learning. In this work, we propose a progressive learning approach for image-pivoted zero-resource machine translation. Since words are less diverse when grounded in the image, we first learn word-level translation with image pivots, and then progress to learn the sentence-level translation by utilizing the learned word translation to suppress noises in image-pivoted multi-lingual sentences. Experimental results on two widely used image-pivot translation datasets, IAPR-TC12 and Multi30k, show that the proposed approach significantly outperforms other state-of-the-art methods.
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Putri, Anggi Resina, Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari, and Hanung Prasetya. "Effect of Maternal Skills in Early Detection and Stimulation on Receptive Language Skill of Children Age 4 to 6 Years." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.100.
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ABSTRACT Background: Language is the system someone uses to communicate with another person. Receptive language is important to the understanding of a child’s overall language skills. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of maternal skills in early detection and stimulation on receptive language skill of children age 4 to 6 years. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was conducted at kindergarten in Surakarta, Central Java, from December 2019 to January 2020. A sample of 200 preschool children was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was receptive language. The independent variables were early detection and early stimulation. Receptive language was measured by receptive one word picture vocabulary test (ROWPVT). The data were analyzed by a multiple linier regression. Results: Receptive language skill increased with early detection (b= 4.86; 95% CI= 2.68 to 6.33; p<0.001) and early stimulation (b= 3.70; 95% CI= 1.03 to 3.38; p<0.001). Conclusion: Receptive language skill increased with early detection and early stimulation. Keywords: receptive language, early detection, early stimulation, health belief model Correspondence: Anggi Resina Putri. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: anggiresinaputri@gmail.com. Mobile: 085727387689. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.100
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Yuan, Yuan, and Diana-Andra Borca-Tasciuc. "The Influence of Coating and Agglomeration on Specific Absorption Rate of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles." In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2011-58217.
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Magnetic nanofluids can be remotely heated by alternating magnetic field and have significant potential for cancer hyperthermia therapy. The heat generated by magnetic nanoparticles is typically quantified by the specific absorption rate (SAR), which represents the thermal power per unit mass of magnetic material generated in the presence of an alternating magnetic field. During hyperthermia treatment, heat dosage of tumor tissue correlates with slowing tumor growth. The therapeutic ratios of cancer can be increased with the use of biofunctionalized magnetic nanoparticles that have higher SAR for modest amplitudes of magnetic field[1]. Hence, understanding the factors that control the heat generation of magnetic nanoparticle suspensions is important to design fluids with optimized biocompatibility and functionality. In all biomedical applications, the nanoparticles must be coated on the surface to prevent their agglomeration [2], enhance biocompatibility and allow targeting to a specific area. Existing studies have shown that the SAR of nanoparticles may change in the presence of functional coating[3–5]. However, while these studies show that the coating may affect the heat generation rate, there is a limited understanding on the mechanisms that cause that changes of SAR. Hence, it is important to carry out a systematic investigation of nanoparticles similar in size but with different organic coating relevant to biomedical applications to obtain a more complete picture of the mechanisms contributing to changes in SAR. In this work, we present a review of our efforts in this area. Specifically, in our studies we are investigating the correlation between the magnetic and physical properties of commercially available nanoparticles systems and their heat generation rate. The susceptibility and SAR of suspensions of coated and uncoated iron oxide nanoparticles of similar particle size are measured. The coatings selected are highly relevant to biomedical applications and include amine and carboxyl functionalization as well as bioaffine ligands such as protein and biotin. The particle and cluster size was determined from transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Dynamic light scattering (DLS). TEM and DLS studies suggested that clusters exist in samples. A summary of all morphological properties together with pH of each suspension is shown in Table.1. The AC magnetic susceptibility of the suspensions was measured as a function of frequency with an in-house made apparatus. Finally SAR was determined by heating the suspension in a commercial induction system and measuring the temperature rise as function of time with a fiber optic sensor. Following these measurements, the SAR values were predicted in two ways: 1) based on measured AC susceptibility and 2) based on particle physical and magnetic properties, starting from Debye model for susceptibility. The normalized predicted and experimental SAR values for all samples are also shown in Table 1. From Table 1, it was found that pH may influence aggregation as described in Ref [6], which indicated that at pH about 2 nanoparticles are highly charged preventing their aggregation while in pH in 6–10 suspensions aggregations are more significant. Normalized SAR of nanoparticle system with aggregations seems to be not related to concentration, different from the well dispersed system[7]. The carboxyl coated sample has smallest diameter and show the lowest SAR, as reported in Ref[8]. The results of suspensions of uncoated iron oxide nanoparticles as well as particles coated with amine groups show that normalized experimental SAR (NSARE) agrees relatively well with calculated SAR using experimental susceptibility (NSARC_χ″E); poor agreement was found when experimental susceptibility was substituted with calculated one (NSART_χ″C) using Debye model, which is developed for non-interacting magnetic particles. These results suggest that the coating do not have a direct effect on SAR. On the other hand, agglomeration, which was present in both samples, may lead to dipolar interaction between nanoparticles and enhancement in magnetic properties and SAR. For carboxyl coated sample which has negligible clustering, showed no temperature increase and zero imaginary part of susceptibility. Therefore, good agreement between Debye-model based predictions of SAR and experimental results were obtained in this sample. However, unexpected results were obtained for bioaffine ligands coated sample, where the experimental SAR values are higher than the SAR values determined based on experimental susceptibility. Protein coated sample, which has the larger clusters among the two samples, has a heat generation rate is 6 times higher than the prediction. Meanwhile, the biotin coated sample which has relatively smaller clusters show only a small increase in heat generation rate. A possible explanation for these results is the loss of superparamagnetic character and an opening in hysteresis loop at test frequency for suspensions with large clusters, which may increase the dissipated power above that produced by the relaxation heat losses [9]. Above results show that coating had little effect on SAR. On the other hand, aggregations and clusters may significantly affect SAR, possibly due to dipolar interaction between nanoparticles in suspensions with relatively small clusters or loss of superparmagnetic characters when very large clusters are present.