Journal articles: 'The 'resources curse''

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Zhu, Yuanyuan, Xiaoqi Zhou, Yilin Gan, Jing Chen, and Ruilin Yu. "Spatio-Temporal Differentiation and Driving Mechanism of the “Resource Curse” of the Cultivated Land in Main Agricultural Production Regions: A Case Study of Jianghan Plain, Central China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (January 20, 2021): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18030858.

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Cultivated land resources are an important component of natural resources and significant in stabilizing economic and social order and ensuring national food security. Although the research on resource curse has progressed considerably, only a few studies have explored the existence and influencing factors of the resource curse of non-traditional mineral resources. The current study introduced resource curse theory to the cultivated land resources research and directly investigated the county-level relationship between cultivated land resource abundance and economic development. Meanwhile, the spatiotemporal dynamic pattern and driving factors of the cultivated land curse were evaluated on the cultivated land curse coefficient in China’s Jianghan Plain from 2001 to 2017. The results indicated that the curse coefficient of cultivated land resources in Jianghan Plain generally shows a downward trend. That is, the curse phenomenon of the cultivated land resources in large regions did not improve significantly in 2001–2017. The influencing factors of the cultivated land resource curse in different cursed degree areas varied and the spatial interaction of the cursed degree areas differed as well. This study proposed a transmission mechanism of the cultivated land resource curse in Jianghan Plain. Policies from throughout the entire and within the main agricultural producing areas were proposed to adjust the cultivated land resource curse. The results and conclusions of this study will be beneficial in improving future land-use policies in major agricultural areas and reducing lag in economic development caused by the strict protection of cultivated land resources.

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Ploeg, Frederick van der. "Natural Resources: Curse or Blessing?" Journal of Economic Literature 49, no. 2 (June 1, 2011): 366–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.49.2.366.

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Are natural resources a “curse” or a “blessing”? The empirical evidence suggests that either outcome is possible. This paper surveys a variety of hypotheses and supporting evidence for why some countries benefit and others lose from the presence of natural resources. These include that a resource bonanza induces appreciation of the real exchange rate, deindustrialization, and bad growth prospects, and that these adverse effects are more severe in volatile countries with bad institutions and lack of rule of law, corruption, presidential democracies, and underdeveloped financial systems. Another hypothesis is that a resource boom reinforces rent grabbing and civil conflict especially if institutions are bad, induces corruption especially in nondemocratic countries, and keeps in place bad policies. Finally, resource rich developing economies seem unable to successfully convert their depleting exhaustible resources into other productive assets. The survey also offers some welfare-based fiscal rules for harnessing resource windfalls in developed and developing economies. (JEL O47, Q32, Q33)

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Auty, Richard M. "Natural resources, capital accumulation and the resource curse." Ecological Economics 61, no. 4 (March 2007): 627–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.09.006.

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Busse, Matthias, and Steffen Gröning. "The resource curse revisited: governance and natural resources." Public Choice 154, no. 1-2 (July 5, 2011): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-011-9804-0.

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Brass, Jennifer N. "Djibouti's unusual resource curse." Journal of Modern African Studies 46, no. 4 (November 11, 2008): 523–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x08003479.

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ABSTRACTAn extensive literature on the ‘resource curse’ posits that abundant natural resources ‘curse’ countries possessing them with negative economic, social and political externalities. Usually, scholars identify tangible resources like oil, diamonds or timber, rarely questioning whether other kinds of resources might have the same impact, and under what conditions. This paper examines how little-studied Djibouti's non-tangible resources – geo-strategic location and aid-inspiring poverty – have produced ‘curse’ effects; with an economy dominated by US and French military spending (and concomitant aid) and rents on trade passing to and from Ethiopia, tiny Djibouti suffers from this curse. It draws four conclusions. First, resource curse effects can derive from non-traditional sources. Second, leaders' policy decisions matter at least as much as the presence or absence of resources. Third, advanced countries' spending patterns in their less-developed allies often produce unintended consequences. Finally, even tiny countries can provide scholars and policy makers with new insights.

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Åslund, Anders. "Russian Resources: Curse or Rents?" Eurasian Geography and Economics 46, no. 8 (December 2005): 610–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/1538-7216.46.8.610.

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Sachs, Jeffrey D., and Andrew M. Warner. "The curse of natural resources." European Economic Review 45, no. 4-6 (May 2001): 827–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0014-2921(01)00125-8.

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Jones, Richard. "Are natural resources a curse?" Nature Nanotechnology 2, no. 11 (October 21, 2007): 665–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2007.351.

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Herringshaw, Vanessa. "Natural resources - curse or blessing?" New Economy 11, no. 3 (September 2004): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0041.2004.00359.x.

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Wick, Katharina, and Erwin Bulte. "The Curse of Natural Resources." Annual Review of Resource Economics 1, no. 1 (October 10, 2009): 139–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.resource.050708.144219.

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Hu, Hui, Weijun Ran, Yuchen Wei, and Xiang Li. "Do Energy Resource Curse and Heterogeneous Curse Exist in Provinces? Evidence from China." Energies 13, no. 17 (August 25, 2020): 4383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174383.

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This study aims to find the relationship between energy resource dependence and economic growth in consideration of interprovincial heterogeneity. This paper first uses panel data from 14 provinces with rich energy resources in China between 2001 and 2016 as a whole to test the energy resource curse hypothesis. It finds that there is no obvious resource curse from a general perspective. It further makes time prediction and transmission channel analysis based on regressions of each province and classifies them into four groups according to the different degrees of the resource curse. It shows the different roles of resource dependencies in different groups. Twelve provinces are subject to different degrees of the resource curse, among which, six provinces would eventually experience negative economic growth if they increase the degree of resource dependence. Next, this study discusses the mechanism of one particular group, “invisible energy resource curse”, which is when energy resources directly promote but indirectly hinder economic growth. Finally, based on the results, the present study offers policy suggestions according to provinces’ heterogeneous curse levels.

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Woo, Jung Moo. "Another Resource curse?" JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE 24, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 411–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46415/jss.2017.09.24.3.411.

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Vasilyeva, Olga. "Natural Resources: How to Measure Them in ‘Resource Curse’ Studies." Spatial Economics 4 (2018): 67–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/se.2018.4.067-091.

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Reeves, Jeffrey. "Resources, Sovereignty, and Governance: Can Mongolia Avoid the ‘Resource Curse’?" Asian Journal of Political Science 19, no. 2 (August 2011): 170–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02185377.2011.600165.

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Wick, Katharina, and Erwin H. Bulte. "Contesting resources – rent seeking, conflict and the natural resource curse." Public Choice 128, no. 3-4 (April 13, 2006): 457–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-005-9010-z.

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Hoang Vuong, Quan, and Nancy K. Napier. "Resource curse or destructive creation in transition." Management Research Review 37, no. 7 (June 10, 2014): 642–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-12-2012-0265.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the “resource curse” problem as a counter-example of creative performance and innovation by examining reliance on capital and physical resources, showing the gap between expectations and ex-post actual performance that became clearer under conditions of economic turmoil. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis uses logistic regressions with dichotomous response and predictor variables on structured tables of count data, representing firm performance as an outcome of capital resources, physical resources and innovation where appropriate. Findings – Key findings relevant to economic and business practice follow. First, a typical characteristic of successful Vietnamese firms in the transition period is their reliance on either capital resources or physical asset endowments. Second, poor performers exhibit evidence of over-reliance on both capital and physical assets. Third, firms that relied on both types of resources tended to downplay creative performance. Some evidence suggests that firms face more acute problem caused by the law of diminishing returns in troubled times. Fourth, the “innovation factor” has not been tapped as a source of economic growth. Research limitations/implications – This study has some limitations. The size of the survey sample is approximately 150 firms, while the potential sample of > 300 should be possible in the future. When the size increases, the research could be expanded to include further variables that will help investigate more deeply into the related issues and business implications. With regard to the implications of the study, the absence of innovations has made the notion of “resource curse” identical to “destructive creation” implemented by ex-ante resource-rich firms, and worsened the problem of resource misallocation in transition turmoil. The Vietnamese corporate sector's addiction to resources may contribute to economic deterioration, through a downward spiral of lower efficiency leading to consumption of more resources. Practical implications – Insights obtained from this study could save transition economies' resources which have almost always been considered sine qua non before any critical major policymaking, while this is not necessarily true, and in many cases, even counterproductive. Originality/value – Original data set on Vietnam stock market are collected, processed, prepared and used by the authors. Original design by the authors for regression equations with dichotomous predictor variables: dependence on endowed physical assets, reliance on capital resources and significant signs of creative performance/innovations. Original idea of viewing “resource curse” as absence of innovation and due to uncreative “destructive creation” of poor-performing commercial operations by resource-rich firms is used in the paper. We have searched the literature in business research and found that the empirical results have not been previously reported.

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Wenar, Leif. "Clean Trade in Natural Resources." Ethics & International Affairs 25, no. 1 (2011): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0892679410000067.

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The “resource curse” can strike countries that derive a large portion of their national income from exporting high-value natural resources, such as oil, gas, metals, and gems. Resource-exporting countries are subject to four overlapping curses: they are more prone to authoritarianism, they tend to suffer more corruption, they are at a higher risk for civil wars, and they exhibit greater economic instability.

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Shrestha, Rabindra Bahadur. "Nepal’s Water Resources: Blessing or Curse ?" Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 19 (July 26, 2016): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v19i0.15342.

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For half a century, Nepal has been chanting the ‘Mantra’ of 83,000 MW hydropower potential. When Nepal was in its childhood as a young democratic nation in the 1950s, India, with its vast ‘experience’ under the British colonial rule (colonial mindset), extracted lop-sided agreements on the Koshi, Gandaki and Mahakali rivers.Whereas India irrigates 12,200,000 acres of land, flood mitigates flood hazards and benefits from other intangible benefits. Nepal gets a meager 160,000 acres irrigation facility (1.3 percent of total irrigation benefits) from these unequivocal biased agreements. The adverse social and ecological impacts in Nepal are unaccounted for.Such water resource agreements have resulted in the sad present-day plight of Nepal: social life and industries are in total disarray with dismally low economic growth rates (GDP) forcing millions of Nepalese to seek employment abroad.Before it gets out of hand, India’s direct/indirect domination over Nepal’s water resources and politics should end, so that Nepal can develop its economy and hydropower in peace.Nepal should first develop run-of-river projects as per the modality of 456 MW Upper Tamakoshi Hydroelectric Project (cost 1000 US$/kWh) and medium size storage hydropower projects (140 MW Tanahu). Muddling with large storage projects like 1200 MW Budhi Gandaki HEP will only further delay the execution of RoR projects. NEA’s technical capability should be improved to build and oversee hydropower projects and INPS.HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentIssue: 19Page: 11- 15

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19

Weis, Lael K. "Resources and the Property Rights Curse." Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence 28, no. 1 (January 2015): 209–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjlj.2015.23.

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This paper offers a critical appraisal of the growing body of philosophical work on questions of justice in the exploitation of natural resources. It argues that failure to treat property as a distinct set of considerations from those of distributive justice has led to an impoverished philosophical analysis. Moreover, it demonstrates how a property-based approach contributes to a more complete view of the interests at stake in resource exploitation by drawing attention to aspects of human relationships with the physical environment that cannot be captured through the allocation of wealth, such as environmental and cultural integrity. The reason that philosophers have not, by and large, appreciated this contribution rests on mistaken views about the function of property rules that could be rectified through legal understanding. In pursuing this line of argument, the paper considers a recent proposal that seems promising on this front: Leif Wenar’s analysis of the resource curse. Wenar’s proposal is unique in suggesting that questions of resource justice be analysed and resolved through settled principles of property law, rather than through a theory of distributive justice. However, he makes several key tactical errors. Examining where the proposal goes wrong and why provides important insights into the use of legal concepts to analyse intractable questions of justice in political philosophy, and into the place of property in particular—methodological issues that have not received adequate attention, despite the increasingly interdisciplinary nature of scholarship in this area.

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Harsch, Ernest. "Conflict resources: from ‘curse’ to blessing." Africa Renewal 20, no. 4 (January 31, 2007): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/0ac086f1-en.

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Gross, Michael. "Latin America’s resources: Blessing or curse?" Current Biology 24, no. 6 (March 2014): R209—R211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.02.054.

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Zhang, Zhan. "“RESOURCE CURSE” AS A CHALLENGE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA." World of Russian-speaking Countries 6, no. 4 (2020): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2658-7866-2020-4-6-55-62.

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The term “resource curse” refers to the socio-economic problems associated with mineral resources. There is a perception that rich natural resources can be a “curse” rather than a blessing for economic development, and most countries with rich natural resources grow more slowly than countries with scarce resources. The author aims to identify the main causes of the “resource curse” phenomenon as one of the challenges for sustainable development in Russia. The following tasks are set: to analyze the origin of the “resource curse” concept, to study the analysis of Chinese, Russian, and Western researchers about the “resource curse”, to determine the conditions for this phenomenon. Special attention is paid to solving the problem of resource dependence at the regional and state levels, as well as involving cooperation at the global level on the basis of justice, equality and mutual benefit. It is noted that to get out of the “resource trap” you need not only to overcome the traditional “Dutch disease”, but also need to avoid the “American syndrome”. It was concluded that the “resource curse” can be considered as a variety of comparative advantage trap. With the development of new energy sources, countries with rich traditional energy sources face more severe challenges. Their resolution requires comprehensive reform and the creation of new growth pole for sustainable socio-economic development (which is based on political stability), on the other hand, it is necessary to avoid excessive “financialization” of the market economy.

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Sun, ZhiQiang, and ZeXiang Cai. "Does Financial Development Hamper or Improve the Resource Curse? Analysis Based on the Panel Threshold Effect Model." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (July 15, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4365205.

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This paper analyzes the “resource curse” and “financial threshold effect” that may exist in China and then uses the data from 30 provinces from 2004 to 2018 as research samples. We used linear regression and nondynamic panel threshold models to analyze the financial threshold effects of the “resource curse” hypothesis and the “resource curse” phenomenon. At the same time, we divided the level of financial development to verify the robustness of the research conclusions in this paper. The study found the following: (1) There is a certain correlation between the abundance of resources and economic growth. Whether this can be seen as a “curse” or a “blessing” of resources is significantly related to the degree of financial development. (2) Whether financial development can alleviate the “resource curse” depends on the degree of financial development. In the extremely scarce stage of financial resources, the resource endowment effect is obvious, and the level of economic development in resource-based regions will be higher than in other regions; when the level of financial development is low (financial resources are not scarce and have not reached a reasonable level), the phenomenon of the “resource curse” appears; when the level of financial development is highly developed, economic development benefits more from financial development, and the effects of resource endowment decline. Only when financial development is at a reasonable level can resource endowments effectively raise the level of economic development.

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Li, Zhin Bin, Hong Juan Deng, and An Shun Cheng. "The Study of the Relationship between Natural Resource Abundance and Economic Growth." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 3337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.3337.

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The interrelationship between natural resource and economic development, hasn't reached an agreement. Some economists believe that rich natural resources promote economic growth. On the contrary, some economists think that rich natural resources hinder economic growth. Based on previous studies, this paper studies the relationship between natural resource and economic growth in our country. We try to explain the "Curse of Resources" through an example of Shanxi. Finally, we give some policy recommendations to avoid the "Curse of Resources".

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Yuan, Yuan. "Resource Curse: Experience Study on Economic Development of Petroleum Countries." E3S Web of Conferences 292 (2021): 02057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129202057.

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This paper studies the causes of “resource curse” from the perspective of “national utilization of petroleum resources” and uses the samples of eight typical oil resource-rich countries to study their national economic growth status. Empirical studies show that the resource curse effect of most countries is caused by “Dutch disease". Relying too much on the development of the oil resources industry, with the unreasonable industrial structure, the excessive export of oil resources, and the “extrusion effect” of production factors are the reasons that delay the technological innovation and development of the industry and inhibit the balanced development of other industries.

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Clootens, Nicolas, and Djamel Kirat. "Threshold regressions for the resource curse." Environment and Development Economics 25, no. 6 (August 10, 2020): 583–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x20000297.

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AbstractThis paper analyzes the behavior of cross-country growth rates with respect to resource abundance and dependence. We reject the linear model that is commonly used in growth regressions in favor of a multiple-regime alternative. Using a formal sample-splitting method, we find that countries exhibit different behaviors with respect to natural resources depending on their initial level of development. In high-income countries, natural resources play only a minor role in explaining the differences in national growth rates. On the contrary, in low-income countries, abundance seems to be a blessing but dependence restricts growth.

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HABER, STEPHEN, and VICTOR MENALDO. "Do Natural Resources Fuel Authoritarianism? A Reappraisal of the Resource Curse." American Political Science Review 105, no. 1 (January 27, 2011): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055410000584.

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A large body of scholarship finds a negative relationship between natural resources and democracy. Extant cross-country regressions, however, assume random effects and are run on panel datasets with relatively short time dimensions. Because natural resource reliance is not an exogenous variable, this is not an effective strategy for uncovering causal relationships. Numerous sources of bias may be driving the results, the most serious of which is omitted variable bias induced by unobserved country-specific and time-invariant heterogeneity. To address these problems, we develop unique historical datasets, employ time-series centric techniques, and operationalize explicitly specified counterfactuals. We test to see if there is a long-run relationship between resource reliance and regime type within countries over time, both on a country-by-country basis and across several different panels. We find that increases in resource reliance are not associated with authoritarianism. In fact, in many specifications we generate results that suggest a resource blessing.

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Brooks, Sarah M., and Marcus J. Kurtz. "Oil and Democracy: Endogenous Natural Resources and the Political “Resource Curse”." International Organization 70, no. 2 (2016): 279–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818316000072.

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AbstractBy the end of the twentieth century, a scholarly consensus emerged around the idea that oil fuels authoritarianism and slow growth. The natural abundance once thought to be a blessing was unconditionally, and then later only conditionally, a curse for political and economic development. We re-examine the relationship between oil wealth and political regimes, challenging the conventional wisdom that such natural resource rents lead to authoritarian outcomes. We contend that most efforts to examine the causal linkages between natural resource abundance and political regime have been complicated by the likelihood that both democracy and oil revenue are endogenous to the industrialization processes itself, particularly in its developmentalist form. Our quantitative results, based on an analysis of global data from 1970 to 2006, show that both resource endogeneity and several mechanisms of intraregional regime diffusion are powerful determinants of democratic outcomes. Qualitative evidence from the history of industrialization in Latin America yields support for our proposed causal claim. Oil wealth is not necessarily a curse and may even be a blessing with respect to democratic development.

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Lu, Chenyu, Dai Wang, Peng Meng, Jiaqi Yang, Min Pang, and Li Wang. "Research on Resource Curse Effect of Resource-Dependent Cities: Case Study of Qingyang, Jinchang and Baiyin in China." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010091.

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For a specific small-scale region with abundant resources, its copious resources tend to dictate the basic direction of its development, and may subsequently give rise to an industrial structure centered on the advantageous resources. This can give rise to an economic structure that lacks diversity, causing the economic development in the entire local region to fall into the dilemma of the resource curse. The present study conducts a case study from the perspective of small-scale regions, incorporating various types of resource-dependent cities in China, including Qingyang, Jinchang, and Baiyin, to interpret and analyze the resource curse effect by calculating a resource curse coefficient. Moreover, based on the regression model, the present study further discusses the empirical relations associated with the resource curse phenomenon. The results show that, regardless of whether a resource-dependent city is in the early, intermediate or late stage of its resource development, economic development is always plagued by the resource curse effect to a certain degree. Resource development cannot promote economic development, rather, it inhibits economic growth to some extent, resulting in an array of effects that are unfavorable to economic development, rendering the development unsustainable. For different types of resource-dependent cities, resource curse effect exhibits distinct characteristics. The resource curse effect is strongest for a resource-dependent city during an economic recession, is less severe during a development period, and is weakest during maturation. Resource development not only has a direct adverse impact on economic growth, but also often affects economic growth in multiple ways and on various levels through the Dutch disease effect, the crowding out effect, and the institution weakening effect. Until now, most results show that there is no obvious resource curse effect at the national and provincial level. The verification results of small-scale regions show that the resource curse effect at the city level still exists. In addition, the resource curse effect differs across different types of resource-dependent cities.

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Pendergast, Shannon M., Judith A. Clarke, and G. Cornelis Van Kooten. "Corruption, Development and the Curse of Natural Resources." Canadian Journal of Political Science 44, no. 2 (June 2011): 411–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423911000114.

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Abstract. Sachs and Warner (1995) found a negative relationship between natural resources and economic growth, concluding that natural resources are a curse. This explanation for poor economic growth is now widely accepted. We provide an alternative econometric framework for evaluating the resource curse. We focus on resource rents and rent-seeking behaviour, arguing that rent seeking affects corruption and that, in turn, impacts well-being. Our measure of well-being is the Human Development Index, although we find similar results for per capita GDP. While resource abundance does not directly impact economic development, we find that natural resources are associated with rent seeking that negatively affects well-being, with results robust to various model specifications and sensitivity analyses.Résumé. Sachs et Warner (1995) ont observé une relation négative entre les ressources naturelles et la croissance économique et ils en ont conclu que les ressources naturelles étaient une malédiction. Cette explication de la faible croissance économique est maintenant largement acceptée. Nous offrons un cadre économétrique pour évaluer différemment cette malédiction des ressources. Nous nous concentrons sur les rentes tirées des ressources et sur la recherche de rente, en faisant valoir que la recherche de rente affecte la corruption, qui à son tour nuit au bien-être. Notre mesure du bien-être est l'indice de développement humain, même si nous trouvons des résultats similaires pour le PIB par habitant. Bien que l'abondance des ressources n'ait pas d'impact direct sur le développement économique, nous constatons que les ressources naturelles sont associées à la recherche de rente qui a une incidence négative sur le bien-être, comme en attestent nos résultats empiriques selon les diverses spécifications du modèle et des analyses de sensibilité.

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Szturo, Marek, Bogdan Włodarczyk, Alberto Burchi, Ireneusz Miciuła, and Karolina Szturo. "Improving Relations between a State and a Business Enterprise in the Context of Counteracting Adverse Effects of the Resource Curse." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 21, 2021): 1067. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031067.

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Natural resources play a significant role in the development of the global economy. This refers, in particular, to strategic fuel and mineral resources. Due to the limited supply of natural resources and the lack of substitutes for most of the key resources in the world, the competition for the access to strategic resources is a feature of the global economy. It would seem that the countries which are rich in resources, because of this huge demand, enjoy spectacular economic prosperity. However, the results of empirical studies have demonstrated what is known as the ‘resource curse’. This article concentrates on the characteristics of the paradox of plenty, and in particular on the possibilities of preventing this phenomenon. The aim of this article is to identify the measures of economic policy with which to counteract the resource curse, based on the relationship between the state and the extraction business. Upon the critical analysis of the relevant literature, we concluded that the state’s economic policy, implemented in cooperation with the extraction business, is increasingly important for the prevention of the resource curse. In the context of the resource curse, the optimal and most consensual instrument, in comparison with other resource sharing agreements, is a production sharing agreement (PSA), which should also be adjusted to the current local economic conditions in a given country.

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Bearce, David H., and Jennifer A. Laks Hutnick. "Toward an Alternative Explanation for the Resource Curse: Natural Resources, Immigration, and Democratization." Comparative Political Studies 44, no. 6 (March 21, 2011): 689–718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414011401211.

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Why do many resource-rich countries maintain autocratic political regimes? The authors’ proposed answer focuses on the causal effect of labor imports, or immigration. Using the logic offered by Acemoglu and Robinson’s democratization model, the authors posit that immigration makes democratization less likely because it facilitates redistributive concessions to appease the population within an autocratic regime. This immigration argument applies directly to the political resource curse since many resource-rich countries tend to also be labor scarce, leading them to import foreign laborers. Consistent with this understanding, the authors find a statistically significant negative relationship between net immigration per capita and democratization in future periods. Their results also show that when controlling for this immigration effect, the standard resource curse variables lose significance in a democratization model. This latter result suggests that much of the so-called resource curse stems not from resource endowments per se but rather from the labor imports related to resource production.

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Henri, Pr Atangana Ondoa. "Natural resources curse: A reality in Africa." Resources Policy 63 (October 2019): 101406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2019.101406.

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Cockx, Lara, and Nathalie Francken. "Natural resources: A curse on education spending?" Energy Policy 92 (May 2016): 394–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.02.027.

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Wong, Chi-Swian. "Science Mapping: A Scientometric Review on Resource Curses, Dutch Diseases, and Conflict Resources during 1993–2020." Energies 14, no. 15 (July 28, 2021): 4573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154573.

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Over the past few decades, the wealth of Africa has not made African wealthy. There is a voicing that Africa is cursed, whether richly poor or poorly rich. Sub-Saharan Africa is commonplace for political turbulence, as well as humanitarian and economic misery. In such a catastrophic situa-tion, political economics studies have focused on the Resource Curses, Dutch Diseases, and Con-flict Resources in this area. A systematic scientometric analysis of this field would be beneficial but is currently lacking in the academic literature. Using VOSviewer and CiteSpace, this review fills the void by analyzing the 1783 articles published in the WoS SSCI Collection between 1993 and 2020 on the “Resource Curses”, “Dutch Diseases”, and “Conflict Resources”. The author dis-cusses recent papers with disruptive potential, references with the most robust citation explora-tions, and cooperation networks between authors and institutes. Three hotspots were detected: the causes and effects of the Resource curses; the interaction among the Resource Curses, Dutch Diseases, and Conflict Resources; the factors that affect rent collection and regime resilience. While the literature on the “Resource curse” and “Dutch Disease” has been around longer, studies on “Conflict Resources” are picking up quickly. Conflict Resources were characterized by active citation exploration keywords and multiple active co-citation clusters, including possibly groundbreaking articles. There is a massive overlap between the three strings of literature, but each one has its emphasis.

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Shmat, V. "The “Resource Curse”: Lessons of the Third World." World Economy and International Relations, no. 1 (2015): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2015-1-28-39.

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According to the hypothesis known as the “resource curse”, natural resources abundance is a brake on economic growth of many Third World countries. But is it really so? The author believes there are deeper reasons why the Third World in general – regardless of the amount of raw material resources available in each country – cannot achieve the same level of welfare as the First World. The “resource curse” theory looks for the origins of the resourceful countries’ economic problems in the institutional sphere. But this seems misleading because of excessively narrow “here and now” approach. The economic and socio-political institutions of individual countries are regarded in short periods of time when “curse” declared itself. Its typical manifestations, such as rent-seeking, stagnation or degradation of the institutions, authoritarian power, snowballing public debt and symptoms of Dutch disease, were seen in many Third World countries long before the development of the major sources of raw materials and regardless of the availability or absence of them. Therefore, it seems appropriate to speak of a kind of “three-fold institutional curse” as an explanation of continuing underdevelopment of many countries and territories. Poor national institutions in the Third World countries are not actually caused by the presence or absence of concentrated natural resources. This is the result of prior historical development with series of discrete transitions from one condition to another: from colonial status – to independent statehood; from poverty – to unexpected wealth mostly based on the exploitation of the natural resources. Qualitative transformation of national institutions usually lags far behind. As a consequence, institutional development enters into a state of stagnation (inhibiting or destabilizing economic growth) that can stretch for very long periods of time. The author concludes that the presence or absence of resources, in fact, has no fundamental impact on the nature of socio-economic development of Third World countries. The major reason hindering institutional progress has external nature, that is heavy economic dependence on the First World (coupled with informal political subordination). This circumstance begets the “resource nationalism” by the developing countries – exporters of raw materials and fuel. History of “resource nationalism” provides a useful lesson for Russia whose economy is features by growing dependency on resources. Acknowledgement. The article has been supported by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation. Project № 14-18-02345.

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Ertimi, Basem, Tamat Sarmidi, Norlin Khalid, and Mohd Helmi Ali. "The Policy Framework of Natural Resource Management in Oil-Dependence Countries." Economies 9, no. 1 (February 23, 2021): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies9010025.

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A variety of critical empirical studies are interested in and focused on complex issues related to natural resource management and resource curse, whilst less can be found combining diverse factors that affect the dynamics of this curse and mitigate it. The case study of Norway is used as the benchmark policy framework in oil-rich countries to invest oil revenues and set correct fiscal policies. In this study, an analytical framework was structured to evaluate the coherence of resource management with sustainability as a starting point, contributing to further assessments of how the adaptation of such policies is incorporated in resource management to mitigate the resource curse. The analysis also suggests that oil-rich countries can learn from Norway’s experience to mitigate this resource curse and utilize oil revenues in the interest of the country. In addition, the analysis helps in effective management and the protection of ecological resources as these are becoming an increasingly important strategic part of natural wealth. This study aimed to provide an overarching framework designed to help conceptualize key issues of natural resource management and the resource curse in oil-rich countries and understand the challenges facing those countries in managing the natural resources.

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Canh, Nguyen Phuc, Christophe Schinckus, and Su Dinh Thanh. "The natural resources rents: Is economic complexity a solution for resource curse?" Resources Policy 69 (December 2020): 101800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2020.101800.

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Hayat, Arshad, and Muhammad Tahir. "Natural Resources Volatility and Economic Growth: Evidence from the Resource-Rich Region." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 2 (February 19, 2021): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14020084.

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This research paper investigates the impact of natural resources volatility on economic growth. The paper focused on three resource-rich economies, namely, UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Oman. Using data from 1970 to 2016 and employing the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration approach, we found that both natural resources and their volatility matter from the perspective of growth. The study found strong evidence in favor of a positive and statistically significant relationship between natural resources and economic growth for the economies of UAE and Saudi Arabia. Similarly, for the economy of Oman, a positive but insignificant relationship is observed between natural resources and economic growth. However, we found that the volatility of natural resources has a statistically significant negative impact on the economic growth of all three economies. This study contradicts the traditional concept of the resources curse and provides evidence of the resources curse in the form of a negative impact of volatility on economic growth.

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Rahma, Hania, Akhmad Fauzi, Bambang Juanda, and Bambang Widjojanto. "Fenomena Natural Resource Curse dalam Pembangunan Wilayah di Indonesia." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia 21, no. 2 (July 13, 2021): 148–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21002/jepi.v21i2.1358.

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Although the phenomenon of natural resource curse is suspected to have occurred at the regional level in Indonesia, no measurement of such a phenomenon has been carried out yet. This research is aimed to provide an index of measuring the degree of natural resource curse at provincial level in Indonesia. Two indices, the natural resource dependence index and regional sustainable development index, were used to formulate index of regional resource curse (RRCI) using geometric mean of conditional weighted product method. The results found that provinces with richer in mining tend to have higher resource curse index compared with those with less extractive resources. ------------------------------------------ Meski fenomena natural resource curse diduga terjadi di tingkat daerah di Indonesia, pengukuran terhadap fenomena tersebut belum pernah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur besaran natural resource curse di tingkat provinsi di Indonesia. Dua indikator, yakni indeks ketergantungan sumber daya alam dan indeks pembangunan daerah berkelanjutan digunakan untuk menghitung regional resource curse index (RRCI) menggunakan rerata geometrik conditional weighted product method. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa provinsi dengan sumber daya alam tambang yang lebih kaya cenderung menghadapi fenomena resource curse yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan provinsi dengan sumber daya ekstraktif yang lebih sedikit.

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Pritchard, Matthew. "Re-inserting and re-politicizing nature: the resource curse and human-environment relations." Journal of Political Ecology 20, no. 1 (December 1, 2013): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v20i1.21751.

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The last sixty years have seen a significant shift away from seeing resource wealth as a key component of positive macro-economic reform, to acceptance of the negative impacts that an abundance of, or dependence on, natural resources can have on security, economic growth, and the development of accountable political institutions. The appropriation and extraction of natural resources emerge as expressions of complex relations existing within and between states, institutions and actors. At the same time, the attention given to this potential 'resource curse' has precipitated a number of critiques that challenge not only the data and statistical methods used to link resource wealth with negative development outcomes, but also the theoretical foundation and relevance of studies that reduce complex socio-political and economic relations to the presence of specific resources. This article draws on key literature from the field of political ecology to demonstrate how the concept of 'nature' has been omitted from these discussions. Critical analysis of 'nature' can refine the theoretical foundation and practical application of the 'resource curse' thesis. By re-inserting, re-politicizing and re-localizing the concept of nature we can include local production and consumption in the analysis, while also highlighting the link between our understanding of natural resources and historically rooted discourses of 'proper-use.'Key Words: Resource curse, political ecology, security, nature

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Al-Shammari, Nayef, Noura Al-Hossayan, and Mariam Behbehani. "Diagnosing the curse of natural resources in Kuwait." Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences 34, no. 2 (July 2, 2018): 153–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeas-06-2017-0052.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically examine the phenomenon of natural resource curse in an oil abundant economy of Kuwait. The study estimates a behavioral equilibrium exchange rate model for Kuwait during the period 1980-2014 to assess the impact of prices and productivity factors on real effective exchange rate. Design/methodology/approach It uses time series econometric techniques, such as unit root tests, Johansen cointegration test, Vector Error Correction Model, and Impulse Response Function, to estimate the model. Findings Unlike the results of the few other studies, the empirical results show a significant impact of the variables, such as balance of trade, economic growth, oil exports, interest rate, and inflation rate, on real effective exchange rate appreciation which indicates the existence of Dutch disease within the Kuwaiti economy. Similarly, the comparative analysis between changes in public expenditure and inflation rate shows the existence of Dutch disease in Kuwait during specific periods of time. Originality/value Natural resource curse or Dutch disease is a widely recognized phenomenon affecting the balance of economic activities in natural resource abundant countries. Symptoms of Dutch disease are perceived in several changes in the economy, particularly on price level, sectorial productivity, employment, and aggregate demand which in the long run worsen the country’s economic position and lower its international competitiveness. Dutch disease is not only a feature of natural resource abundant economies, but also can affect any economy with excessive revenue generating sector or high capital inflows which appreciates country’s exchange rate. However, the examination of Dutch disease in the economy is more important when investigating the impact on oil-producing countries (Apergis et al. 2014; Mohammadi and Jahan-Parvar, 2012; Jahan-Parvar and Mohammadi, 2011). Therefore, scholars studying Dutch disease phenomenon pay greater attention to cases of Dutch disease among oil-producing countries (i.e. Arezki and Ismail, 2013; Van der Ploeg and Venables, 2013; Jahan-Parvar, 2012; Cologni and Manera, 2013).

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Hodler, Roland. "The curse of natural resources in fractionalized countries." European Economic Review 50, no. 6 (August 2006): 1367–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2005.05.004.

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Sim, Piseth. "Natural Resources and Economic Growth: The Conditional Curse." International Journal of Economic Policy Studies 8, no. 1 (January 2013): 113–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03405747.

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Yao, Hong, Meirong Tian, Jianjun Ma, Xinlu She, and Jixi Gao. "Study on “Resource Curse” Based on the Panel Data in Coal Resource-Rich Districts of Inner Mongolia." E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911801015.

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In order to analyse whether there is “Resource curse” in coal resource-rich district of Inner Mongolia such as Xilinguole, Hulunbeier, Tongliao, Chifeng, Erdos and Wuhai during “Golden ten years” (form 2000 to 2011) of coal, we developed the regression model based on the panel data of coal development intensity, manufacturing investment level, R&D and education investment level and foreign investment level, and test the “resource curse” effect in a holistic and regional way. The results showed that there exist “Resource curse” effect in Inner Mongolia along with economic development, and the effect gradually enhance. Meanwhile, the most serious “Resource curse” exist in Xilinguole, Hulunbeier, Erdos. The most important ways to weaken the “Resource curse” is industrial diversification and technological innovation. In addition, the basic way to solve or avoid “Resource curse” is strengthening the system construction, improving the government’s measures and policies on management and utilization of natural resources.

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Tohom, Andilo. "Peran Pengawasan Internal Dalam Menghindari Kutukan Sumber Daya Alam." Liquidity 5, no. 1 (June 13, 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32546/lq.v5i1.59.

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Indonesia is one of many countries in the world so called resource-rich country. Natural resources abundance needs to be managed in the right way in order to avoid dutch diseases and resources curses. These two phenomena generally happened in the country, which has abundant natural resources. Learned from Norwegian experiences, Indonesian Government need to focus its policy to prevent rent seeking activities. The literature study presented in this paper is aimed to provide important insight for government entities in focusing their policies and programs to avoid resources curse. From the internal audit perspective, this study is expected to improve internal audit’s role in assurance and consulting.

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Asif, Muhammad, Khan Burhan Khan, Muhammad Khalid Anser, Abdelmohsen A. Nassani, Muhammad Moinuddin Qazi Abro, and Khalid Zaman. "Dynamic interaction between financial development and natural resources: Evaluating the ‘Resource curse’ hypothesis." Resources Policy 65 (March 2020): 101566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2019.101566.

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Sheik, Mahad Mohamed. "THE MOTIVATIONAL EFFECT OF OIL EXPLORATION IN SOMALI AND THE HABITUAL AFRICAN RESOURCE CURSE." International Journal of Economics 5, no. 1 (December 2, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijecon.1177.

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Purpose: The abundance of natural resources is usually considered the blessing for the countries that own such resources. However, such wealth is often associated with poverty and a slower economic growth. This phenomenon is called the resource curse, and it shows that most countries that are rich in natural resources have markedly reduced economic growth and development, and it shows that the wealth of natural resources adversely affects their economies, although it is intuitively expected to be the opposite i.e. that such wealth would have a positive impact on the country’s economic development. The general objective of the study was to find out the motivational effect of oil exploration in Somali and the habitual African resource curse. Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: The study found out that Oil resource exploration has led to progress in some developed economies such as Canada which was able to avoid the resource curse. This is because oil revenues helped Canada among other countries make investments in capital, build employment and grow. Other countries such as Russia and Japan have not been able to avoid the resource curse. African countries in general where the majority of oil producing nations are, have an inverse correlation between oil production and industrial development. Examples of African countries that have been affected by the resource curse are Nigeria, Angola, South Africa and Zimbabwe. Empirical results indicate that, Somalia motivation for oil exploration is for economic development. However, it has not been spared the resource curse because the presence of oil has led to civil wars and terrorisms as groups seek to control the areas with oil fields. In addition, Somali and Kenya have involved diplomatic warfare over oil reserves that are located in the Indian Ocean near their borders. Recommendations: The study recommends that the government should enact laws which will govern petroleum operations, as well as empowering the Somali Petroleum Authority,(SPA) which will act as a regulatory body overseeing oil and gas activity.

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Jensen, Nathan M., and Noel P. Johnston. "Political Risk, Reputation, and the Resource Curse." Comparative Political Studies 44, no. 6 (May 16, 2011): 662–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414011401208.

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There is a growing literature on how natural resources affect both economic performance and political regimes. In this article the authors add to this literature by focusing on how natural resource wealth affects the incentives of governments to uphold contracts with foreign investors across all sectors. They argue that although all states suffer reputation costs from reneging on contracts, governments in natural-resource-dependent economies are less sensitive to these costs, leading to a greater probability of expropriation and contract disputes. Specifically, leaders weigh the benefits of reneging on contracts with investors against the reputation costs of openly violating agreements with firms. The authors’ theoretical model predicts a positive association between resource wealth and expropriation. Using a data set from the political risk insurance industry, the authors show that resource dependent economies have much higher levels of political risk.

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Polterovich, V., V. Popov, and A. Tonis. "Mechanisms of Resource Curse and Economic Policy." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 6 (June 20, 2007): 4–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2007-6-4-27.

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This paper compares various mechanisms of resource curse leading to a potentially inefficient use of resources; it is demonstrated that each of these mechanisms is associated with market imperfections and can be "corrected" with appropriate government policies. Empirical evidence seems to suggest that resource abundant countries have on average lower budget deficits and inflation, and higher foreign exchange reserves. Besides, lower domestic fuel prices that are typical for resource rich countries have a positive effect on long-term growth even though they are associated with losses resulting from higher energy consumption. On top of that resource abundance allows to reduce income inequalities. So, on the one hand, resource wealth turns out to be conducive to growth, especially in countries with strong institutions. However, on the other hand, resource abundance leads to corruption of institutions and to overvalued real exchange rates. On balance, there is no solid evidence that resource abundant countries grow more slowly than the others, but there is evidence that they grow more slowly than could have grown with the right policies and institutions.

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Journal articles on the topic 'The 'resources curse''

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