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Journal articles on the topic 'The scientific revolution'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Fugo, Richard J. "Scientific revolution?" Annals of Ophthalmology 38, no. 3 (September 2006): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12009-006-0001-6.

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2

Lander, Eric S. "Scientific Commentary: The Scientific Foundations and Medical and Social Prospects of the Human Genome Project." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 26, no. 3 (1998): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1998.tb01418.x.

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We are living through one of the greatest scientific revolutions in history: the “information revolution” in genetics. The revolution is leading to a deep understanding of biological processes and is uncovering the molecular basis of many human diseases and susceptibilities. It is also confronting society with a vast array of choices, and presenting each individual with the question of what knowledge to seek and how to act on that knowledge, My purpose is to discuss the scientific foundations of this revolution and to foreshadow its consequences.The current scientific revolution has perhaps one appropriate historical precedent: the chemical revolution that followed Dmitri Mendeleev's key insight in 1869 that the elements could be organized in a simple periodic table.
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3

Weber, A. S., and Steven Shapin. "The Scientific Revolution." Sixteenth Century Journal 29, no. 4 (1998): 1205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2543425.

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4

Bussard, Alain E. "A scientific revolution?" EMBO reports 6, no. 8 (August 2005): 691–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.7400497.

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5

Rall, J. Edward. "The Scientific Revolution." Journal of Nervous &amp Mental Disease 186, no. 2 (February 1998): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199802000-00011.

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6

Cole, Stephen, and Steven Shapin. "The Scientific Revolution." Contemporary Sociology 26, no. 6 (November 1997): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2654681.

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7

Shaposhnikov, Vladislav A. "To Outdo Kuhn: on Some Prerequisites for Treating the Computer Revolution as a Revolution in Mathematics." Epistemology & Philosophy of Science 56, no. 3 (2019): 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eps201956357.

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The paper deals with some conceptual trends in the philosophy of science of the 1980‒90s, which being evolved simultaneously with the computer revolution, make room for treating it as a revolution in mathematics. The immense and widespread popularity of Thomas Kuhn’s theory of scientific revolutions had made a demand for overcoming this theory, at least in some aspects, just inevitable. Two of such aspects are brought into focus in this paper. Firstly, it is the shift from theoretical to instrumental revolutions which are sometimes called “Galisonian revolutions” after Peter Galison. Secondly, it is the shift from local (“little”) to global (“big”) scientific revolutions now connected with the name of Ian Hacking; such global, transdisciplinary revolutions are at times called “Hacking-type revolutions”. The computer revolution provides a typical example of both global and instrumental revolutions. That change of accents in the post-Kuhnian perspective on scientific revolutions was closely correlated with the general tendency to treat science as far more pluralistic and transdisciplinary. That tendency is primarily associated with the so-called Stanford School; Peter Galison and Ian Hacking are often seen as its representatives. In particular, that new image of science gave no support to a clear-cut separation of mathematics from other sciences. Moreover, it has formed prerequisites for the recognition of material and technical revolutions in the history of mathematics. Especially, the computer revolution can be considered in the new framework as a revolution in mathematics par excellence.
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8

Shults, E. E. "On the classification of revolutions." RUDN Journal of Sociology 19, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 406–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2019-19-3-406-418.

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The article considers one of the fundamental challenges in the theory of revolution - classification of revolutions. The author analyzes the four most popular features of revolutions that are used to define their types: “revolution from above”, “revolution from below”, “popular revolution” (the marker of the real revolution “from below”), “passive revolution” and “conservative revolution”. All these concepts have a common methodological basis, are closely interrelated in definitions and have the same problems of being used for classifying revolutions. The author examines the principles of introducing these terms and the possibility of their application for classifying revolution by asking two questions: 1) does the classification (and the definition) cover all known social-political revolutions; 2) does the classification (and the definition) allow to consider as revolutions quite different phenomena just similar to revolutions in a number of external features. The main problem of the contemporary discourse is systematization of revolutions according to the above ‘names’ that are accepted as classifying definitions. Moreover, these “new types of revolutions” are added to the existing classifications, which creates confusion, blurs the boundaries of the “revolution”, and allows other social-political phenomena - radical and mass protests, reforms and coups d'état - to be named “revolutions”. The concepts “revolution from above”, “revolution from below”, “popular revolution”, “passive revolution” and “conservative revolution” are socially significant and can be used in everyday discourse, perhaps also in the social-political space (which, however, causes difficulties), but are not scientific terms and cannot be grounds for the scientific classification of revolutions.
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9

Politi, Vincenzo. "The interdisciplinarity revolution." THEORIA. An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science 34, no. 2 (September 25, 2019): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/theoria.18864.

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Contemporary interdisciplinary research is often described as bringing some important changes in the structure and aims of the scientific enterprise. Sometimes, it is even characterized as a sort of Kuhnian scientific revolution. In this paper, the analogy between interdisciplinarity and scientific revolutions will be analysed. It will be suggested that the way in which interdisciplinarity is promoted looks similar to how new paradigms were described and defended in some episodes of revolutionary scientific change. However, contrary to what happens during some scientific revolutions, the rhetoric with which interdisciplinarity is promoted does not seem to be accompanied by a strong agreement about what interdisciplinarity actually is. In the end, contemporary interdisciplinarity could be defined as being in a ‘pre-paradigmatic’ phase, with the very talk promoting interdisciplinarity being a possible obstacle to its maturity.
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10

Elena, Alberto. "The Imaginary Lyellian Revolution." Earth Sciences History 7, no. 2 (January 1, 1988): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.7.2.c4345g96l0m5mq67.

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Historians and philosophers of science have usually followed Kuhn in his appraisal of Lyell's contribution to geology as a major scientific revolution. Nevertheless a detailed analysis of the historical evidence rather support a different view: Lyell's work did not establish any paradigm to be unanimously accepted by his colleagues. Thus Kuhn's model of scientific change does not authorize us to speak of a Lyellian revolution in geology. On the contrary such an interpretation is a recent historiographic myth, originated with Gillispie's Genesis and Geology and promptly prevailing as a result of Kuhn's highly influential The Structure of Scientific Revolutions.
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11

Yun, Jeong-Ho. "Scientific revolution in dentistry." Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science 42, no. 5 (2012): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2012.42.5.149.

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12

COHEN, H. FLORIS. "Reconceptualizing the Scientific Revolution." European Review 15, no. 4 (September 18, 2007): 491–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798707000476.

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Academics all over the world rightly desire to understand how modern science has come about. Indeed there was a time when historians of science had on offer a clear-cut conception of how that happened. But ongoing innovation in historiographical approaches has rendered the period from Galileo to Newton ever more elusive. Its monolithic coherence has been dissolved, a mood of sceptical resignation reigns in the profession over the very possibility of treating seventeenth-century science as more than a string of loosely connected episodes. I argue that, without returning to a historiographical past definitively behind us, coherence may be restored at a higher level of sophistication. Cross-cultural comparison, and unusual ways of dealing with historical concepts and causes, are proper tools to revitalize the issue and come up with partly novel answers to a question that in any case refuses to go away.
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13

Barraviera, Benedito. "REVOLUTION IN SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION." Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins 2, no. 2 (1996): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-79301996000200001.

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14

Clulee, Nicholas H., and Margaret J. Osler. "Rethinking the Scientific Revolution." American Historical Review 106, no. 4 (October 2001): 1317. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2692952.

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15

Wickson, Fern. "The Scientific Revolution [Fiction]." IEEE Technology and Society Magazine 31, no. 2 (2012): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mts.2012.2196809.

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16

Machamer, Peter. "Rethinking the Scientific Revolution." Endeavour 25, no. 2 (June 2001): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0160-9327(00)01353-3.

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17

Estrela, Carlos. "Revolution in scientific information." Dental Press Endodontics 1, no. 1 (April 15, 2011): 03. http://dx.doi.org/10.14436/2178-3713.1.1.003-003.edt.

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18

Edlich, Richard F. "Artistic and scientific revolution." Journal of Emergency Medicine 8, no. 6 (November 1990): 777–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0736-4679(90)90296-8.

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19

Huff, Toby E. "The fourth scientific revolution." Society 33, no. 4 (May 1996): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02700299.

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20

Gascoigne, John. "Reaffirming ‘the scientific revolution’." Metascience 26, no. 1 (October 14, 2016): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11016-016-0128-z.

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21

Hoskin, Michael. "Book Review: Newton and Scientific Revolutions: The Newtonian Revolution." Journal for the History of Astronomy 17, no. 1 (February 1986): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002182868601700109.

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22

Jardine, Nicholas. "Essay Review: Writing off the Scientific Revolution: Reappraisals of the Scientific Revolution." Journal for the History of Astronomy 22, no. 4 (November 1991): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002182869102200404.

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23

Mareschal, Jean-Claude. "Plate tectonics: Scientific revolution or scientific program?" Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 68, no. 20 (1987): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo068i020p00529-01.

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24

Lugachev, Mihail. "Information Revolutions, Economics and Economic Education." Moscow University Economics Bulletin 2017, no. 4 (August 31, 2017): 142–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105201747.

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The concept of permanent revolution was formulated in the XIX century became a subject of constant debate in humanities circle. In contrast-scientific and technological revolutions are natural components at all steps of human development. Their permanence is commonly recognized imperative, followed by numerous confirmations with a convincing inevitability. Information and industrial revolutions taking place now in the world are such evidences. Experts declare today the fourth industrial revolution. Peter Drucker fairly predicted the fourth information revolution. It is interesting that the most important trait of both revolutions is the artificial intelligence which functions in the sphere of Big Data and Internet of Things. The application field (not the only) is the economy-its structure and content. Experts state the emergence of information capitalism and the information economy — innovations obtaining special and revolutional traits. The article is devoted to analysis of main components of the innovations and offers the ways how they should be reflected in the curriculum for modern economists and managers.
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25

Helminiak, Daniel. "The Sexual Revolution: The Scientific Revolution Déjà Vu." International Journal of Religion and Spirituality in Society 9, no. 4 (2019): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2154-8633/cgp/v09i04/9-19.

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26

Cook, Alan. "Ladies in the Scientific Revolution." Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 51, no. 1 (January 22, 1997): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.1997.0001.

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Two exhibitions were recently held in the Library of the Society, one on Women in Science and another on the Archives of the Scientific Revolution. The first did not go so far back as the scientific revolution, with one exception, the translation of Newton's Principia by the Marquise du Chàtelet. Yet it was in the scientific revolution, conveniently taken as running from the middle of the seventeenth to the middle of the eighteenth century, that women are first known to have engaged in natural philosophy. Eight ladies certainly had some part in the scientific revolution, not just as tricoteuses watching the heads roll, but themselves helping to bring down the guillotine upon Aristotelians, Cartesians, astrologers, hermetics and mystics.
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27

MacFeely, Steve. "In search of the data revolution: Has the official statistics paradigm shifted?" Statistical Journal of the IAOS 36, no. 4 (November 25, 2020): 1075–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sji-200662.

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What distinguishes revolution from evolution? What events or movements in the world of official statistics have been sufficiently disruptive or transformational to deserve being called revolutionary? Using the definitions of data revolution put forward by the Independent Expert Advisory Group on a Data Revolution for Sustainable Development in their report A World that Counts to identify potential data revolutions and then deriving a framework to evaluate those definitions from Thomas Kuhn’s work The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, this paper investigates, through the lens of official statistics, whether there has been a data revolution or not.
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28

Nelkin, Dorothy, Thomas F. Lee, and Sheldon Krimsky. "The Rhetoric of Scientific Revolution." Hastings Center Report 22, no. 4 (July 1992): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3563023.

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29

Findlen, Paula, David Lindberg, and Robert S. Westman. "Reappraisals of the Scientific Revolution." Sixteenth Century Journal 22, no. 4 (1991): 861. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2542449.

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30

Keller, Alex, David C. Lindberg, and Robert S. Westman. "Reappraisals of the Scientific Revolution." Technology and Culture 34, no. 3 (July 1993): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3106721.

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31

Damle, SG. "Commensalism the new scientific revolution?" Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 9, no. 5 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ccd.ccd_403_18.

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32

HARRISON, PETER. "Was there a Scientific Revolution?" European Review 15, no. 4 (September 18, 2007): 445–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798707000440.

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During the middle decades of the twentieth century, the Scientific Revolution came to be understood as a key period in Western history. Recently, historians have cast doubt upon this category, questioning whether the relevant institutions and practices of the seventeenth century are similar enough to modern science to warrant the label ‘scientific’. A central focus of their criticisms has been the identity of natural philosophy – the major discipline concerned with the study of nature in the early modern period – and its differences from modern science. This paper explores natural philosophy and its relation to philosophy more generally. It concludes that a significant philosophical revolution took place in the seventeenth century, and that this was important for the subsequent emergence of modern science.
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33

SHEA, WILLIAM R. "The Scientific Revolution Really Occurred." European Review 15, no. 4 (September 18, 2007): 459–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798707000452.

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The importance of the Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century has been queried in recent years and this paper attempts to show why the notion is still essential to a proper understanding of the twin advance in scientific conceptualization and factual discovery that began in the sixteenth century and led through such figures as Galileo to the new world view of Isaac Newton. The significance of the scholastic tradition, hermeticism and alchemy is not denied, but the major breakthrough that catapulted Europe into the modern age was the outcome of new conceptual tools and a fresh outlook on nature.
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34

Wilson, Patrick. "The Scientific Revolution. Steven Shapin." Library Quarterly 68, no. 1 (January 1998): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/602946.

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35

Cook, Harold John. "Rethinking the Scientific Revolution (review)." Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 44, no. 2 (2001): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pbm.2001.0024.

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36

Jacquette, Dale. "Brentano's Scientific Revolution in Philosophy." Southern Journal of Philosophy 40, S1 (March 2002): 193–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-6962.2002.tb01930.x.

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37

Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe. "Economics needs a scientific revolution." Nature 455, no. 7217 (October 2008): 1181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/4551181a.

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38

Biagioli, Mario. "The Scientific Revolution is Undead." Configurations 6, no. 2 (1998): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/con.1998.0011.

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39

Baumgartner, Frederic J., Edward Rosen, and Nicholas Jardine. "Copernicus and the Scientific Revolution." Sixteenth Century Journal 16, no. 4 (1985): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2541277.

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40

Beretta, Marco, and Alessandro Tosi. "Tennis and the Scientific Revolution." Nuncius 28, no. 1 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-02801001.

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41

Savoia, Paolo. "Cheesemaking in the Scientific Revolution." Nuncius 34, no. 2 (June 12, 2019): 427–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-03402012.

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42

Hatch, R. A. "The Scientific Revolution: Paradigm Lost?" OAH Magazine of History 4, no. 2 (March 1, 1989): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/maghis/4.2.34.

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43

Bell, Alice. "The Scientific Revolution That Wasn't." Radical History Review 2017, no. 127 (January 2017): 149–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-3690930.

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44

Umpleby, Stuart A. "The scientific revolution in demography." Population and Environment 11, no. 3 (March 1990): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01254115.

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45

Bruyn, G. W. "Reappraisals of the scientific revolution." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 103, no. 2 (June 1991): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-510x(91)90175-7.

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46

Kuznetsov, Andrey, Nikolai Zakharov, and Marina Perfiljeva. "Scientific organization of innovative labour." SHS Web of Conferences 116 (2021): 00037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111600037.

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The industrial revolutions that have passed so far have been an alternation of “machine revolutions” and “labor organization revolutions”. The third industrial revolution, which created the modern digital communication world, became a prerequisite for the formation of a new organization of work. This new organization is, first of all, the organization of labor of workers involved in the development of a new product, or the organization of innovative labor of workers. The study of the types of innovative labor shows that at least three models need serious improvement, which the authors have assigned the following names: “design” model, “competitive” and “creative”. The scientific organization of innovative labor involves identifying for each model: necessary and sufficient working conditions, including everyday and professional comfort; determination of conditions for the formation of motivational guidelines adequate to their activities among members of collectives engaged in innovative work; developing a clear incentive program based on legal and simple principles of rewarding and punishment.
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47

Sternfeld, Eva. "Red Revolution, Green Revolution: Scientific Farming in Socialist China." East Asian Science, Technology and Society 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/18752160-3796080.

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48

Kindjic, Zoran. "On the concept of revolution." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 154 (2016): 67–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1654067k.

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Having attempted to understand the concept of revolution, which is one of the most controversial concepts in science and philosophy, the author explores the meaning of the concept in different theoretical and practical areas. In order to reassert his thesis (it is unjustified to restrict the concept of revolution to political and social area), the author reminds us about the frequent discussions about industrial, technological, scientific, cultural, sexual and spiritual revolutions. After a detailed reflection on different meanings of the concept of revolution in these areas, the author concludes not only that the philosophical concept of revolution theoretically excels the sociological concept of revolution, but also that the spiritual concept of revolution is superior to the philosophical concept of revolution. Warning us about the moral and spiritual crisis of today?s world, about the ever-increasing evil, the author reaffirms the significance of the spiritual revolution. He believes that the flame of many small, individual, spiritual revolutions could save the world from the threatening disaster.
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49

Melnyk, Leonid Hr. "Disruptive Technologies in the Light of Socio-economic Revolutions: the EU and World Experience." Mechanism of an Economic Regulation, no. 3 (2019): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mer.2019.85.09.

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The relevance of the work explains the need to promote advanced scientific knowledge in the context of accelerating scientific and technological progress. The purpose of the article is to reveal the main content of disruptive technologies and related socio-economic processes that occur during the three industrial revolutions. Based on a retrospective analysis of socio-economic revolutions in human history, the popular scientific essay explains the logic and development of technical and social systems. The article shows how the change of production forces and economic relations influences the ratio of individual components in the essential triad of man: bio-socio-labor. The content of the three industrial revolutions that humanity experiences today is revealed separately (Industry 3.0, Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0). It is explained that the works that launched these revolutions took place in the European countries. In particular, the Third Industrial Revolution is aimed at solving the problems of the global environmental crisis. The key transformation tools are alternative energy, additive technologies based on 3D printers, horizontal network structures of production and consumption. The main direction of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is the creation of a unified network of cyber-physical systems capable of working without humans. One of its leading forms is the Internet of Things. The humanization of socio-economic development is a key objective of the Fifth Industrial Revolution, which is focused on achieving the maximum realization of the creative potential of the human-social basis. The focus is on the key processes of the three industrial revolutions and the changes that take place in the essential triad of man. This article is a popular scientific essay. Key words: industrial revolution, disruptive technology, personality, human-bio, human-socio, human-labor, cyber-physical system.
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50

Ruser, Alexander. "The revolutions postponed." Digital Scholar: Philosopher's Lab 3, no. 2 (2020): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/dspl20203217.

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Philosophers of Science have developed sophisti-cated models for explaining how scientific revolu-tions are brought about and more generally how scientists deal with facts that contradict pre-existing assumptions and theoretical concepts. Likewise historians of science and sociologists of knowledge have produced comprehensive studies on how scientific breakthroughs have sparked social revolution and how social factors fostered or hampered scientific developments. However, scientific revolutions and scientific “progress” always seem to be at the center of at-tention. The equally important question of why sometimes new evidence and contradicting evi-dence fail to trigger a scientific revolution has been largely neglected though. Improving our understanding of “called off” or “postponed” rev-olutions not only contributes to analyses of suc-cessful scientific revolutions. Understanding how defenders of the status quo manage to suppress new information and ignore scientific facts is cru-cial to understanding scientific and political con-troversy. This contribution therefore seeks to out-line a conceptual model for probing into the “black box” of scientific revoltions. In addition it will outline a potential framework for analyzing the survival of neoclassic economic theory after the global financial crisis.
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