Dissertations / Theses: 'The Seychelles'

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Cazes-Duvat, Virginie. "Les littoraux des îles Seychelles (Mahé, Praslin, La Digue, Desroches) : de l'étude des processus dynamiques à la gestion des côtes sédimentaires." La Réunion, 1998. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/98_10_Cazes-Duvat.pdf.

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Les dynamiques littorales de quatre îles de l'archipel des Seychelles, montagneuses pour trois d'entre elles (Mahé, Praslin, la Digue, groupe granitique) et corallienne pour la dernière (Desroches, groupe des Amirantes) ont été étudiées. Ce travail procède à la fois d'une démarche de recherche fondamentale dans le but d'améliorer la connaissance et la compréhension des processus dynamiques et des rapports entre l'Homme et les littoraux, et d'une démarche de recherche appliquée. Le premier objectif est d'éclairer le fonctionnement des espaces côtiers par la connaissance de leur histoire. L'homme joue un rôle majeur dans la dégradation des récifs et des côtes sableuses mais à l'inverse mineur dans l'érosion des plages. Le second objectif est, à partir d'une analyse de terrain effectuée à l'échelle du site, de proposer des outils de gestion des espaces côtiers. Les contextes culturel et politique sont pris en compte aux niveaux national et supranational. Deux outils de gestion intégrée, établis dans la perspective du développement soutenable voulu par la République des Seychelles en tant que membre du PNUE et de la COI, sont proposés : un indice d'attractivité des plages et une méthode d'évaluation de la vulnérabilité des espaces côtiers. Conçus dans une perspective d'aménagement touristique préventif, ils peuvent être transposés dans d'autres îles de la zone intertropicale
This is a study of the coastal dynamics of four islands of the Seychelles archipelago, both mountainous (Mahe, Praslin, La Digue, granitic group) and coralline (Desroches, amirantes group). The aim of the first part of this work is to improve the understanding of the coastal processes including the impact of man. History of coasts and management are often referred to because they help understanding the present situation. On another hand, this study is practical; it was made at the scale of coastal sites so as to propose management tools. The cultural and political facts are taken into account at national and supranational levels. A method of beach rating and an assessment of the sensibility of coastal sites are proposed in order to contribute to the policy of sustainable development of the republic of Seychelles. They must be used for preventive and integrated coastal management and they can be applied to the coasts of other tropical islands

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Rosalie, Michel Wilvene. "Population processes in the Seychelles." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313123.

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Galman, Gaëtan. "Suivi spatio-temporel des communautés d'arthropodes : effets de l'éradication des rats et tentative de réintroduction d'un insecte rare dans des îles en cours de réhabilitation des Seychelles." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MNHN0009.

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Ce travail vise en premier lieu a étudier l’impact de divers facteurs du milieu et de l’éradication des rats sur les communautés d’Arthropodes d’une sélection d’îles. Pour cela, nous avons suivi les peuplements d’invertébrés en utilisant principalement pièges-fosses et points de comptage sur feuilles. La situation géographique de l’île et le type de substrat semblent déterminants mais aucun facteur n’apparaît dominant et ceux agissant à une microéchelle pourraient avoir une influence insoupçonnée. Sur les îles granitiques, l’abondance, la richesse et la diversité en invertébrés diminuent fortement après l’éradication des rats, laissant supposer une facilitation (probablement indirecte) des rongeurs sur les peuplements d’invertébrés, en particulier pour les Hémiptères Auchénorhynches (P<0,001). Sur l’île corallienne échantillonnée, en revanche, l’éradication entraîne une augmentation significative (p<0,05) de l’abondance en Araignées (P<0,01), en Coléoptères (P<0,05) et en Formicidés (P<0,05). Ces réactions contraires seraient liées à la structure de l’écosystème perturbé, notamment à la présence d’animaux insectivores pouvant être limités par les rats. Nous avons ensuite tenté l’introduction à fins de conservation d’un insecte endémique rare, la Phyllie des Seychelles Phyllium bioculatum (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae). Des difficultés sont survenues pendant l’élevage et certaines phyllies, réintroduites en semiliberté, ont été tuées par des prédateurs inconnus. Notre expérience pourra cependant servir de base à de futurs projets de réintroduction d’insectes dans l’Océan Indien, où elle fut une première. Enfin, nous avons découvert deux espèces du genre Cratopus (Curculionidés) nouvelles pour la science et ainsi contribué à l’inventaire de l’entomofaune locale
This work aims primarily at studying the impact of various factors, and particularly the eradication of rats, on Arthropod assemblages in a sample of islands. We monitored populations of invertebrates using mainly pitfall traps and leaf point counts. Island geographical location and type of substrate seem important, although no factor appears dominant, hence microfactors (at microhabitat level) might well have an unsuspected influence. On granitic islands, invertebrate abundance, richness and diversity decreased sharply after rat eradication, suggesting a likely indirect facilitation on the invertebrate populations by rodents, particularly for Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera) (P<0,001). On the coralline island studied, however, eradication resulted in a significant increase (p <0. 05) in the abundance of Spiders (P <0. 01), Coleoptera (P <0. 05) and Formicidae (P <0. 05). These opposite reactions are probably related to the structure of the disturbed ecosystems, particularly to the presence of insectivorous animals which may be limited by rats (birds, reptiles, large insects). Our second objective was to attempt a first conservation introduction of the rare endemic Seychelles leaf-insect Phyllium bioculatum (Phasmatodea: Phylliidae). There were difficulties during the captive breeding phase and the released leaf-insects, reintroduced with a semi-captive procedure, disappeared or were found killed by unknown predators. However, this experience, which was the first documented conservation introduction attempt in the Indian Ocean, can serve as a basis for future similar projects. Finally, we discovered two species of Cratopus (Curculionidae) new to science and thus contributed to the inventory of the local entomofauna

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Komdeur, Jan. "Cooperative breeding in the Seychelles Warbler." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239141.

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Maddock, S. T. "Systematics and phylogeography of Seychelles amphibians." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1476198/.

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This thesis investigates evolutionary patterns of variation in endemic amphibians from the Seychelles archipelago. Focal groups include the treefrog (Tachycnemis seychellensis), and a radiation of caecilians in three genera (Grandisonia, Hypogeophis and Praslinia), and attempts to place these into a phylogenetic context. The introduction (Chapter 1) discusses the importance of islands in the study of evolution and examines patterns of intraspecific variation that have been reported in other Seychelles organisms. Chapter 2 provides the first intraspecific molecular study of the monotypic Seychelles treefrog Tachycnemis, implementing a species tree approach in order to investigate its relationship with its closest living relatives (Heterixalus) from Madagascar and test whether its ancestor colonised the Seychelles via overseas dispersal. Chapters 3 and 4 explore variation in the six species of Seychelles caecilian, all of which overlap in range on at least one island. To assess within- and among-island intraspecific variation in these subterranean amphibians, Chapter 3 uses genetic data from both mitochondrial and nuclear markers, while Chapter 4 uses morphometric and meristic data. Differing patterns of geographic structure was observed among the caecilian species. The final two data chapters analyse species-level relationships among the Seychelles caecilians. Chapter 5 utilises Next Generation Sequencing to obtain mitogenomic data, and multiple approaches to infer phylogeny, and the effectiveness of alternative methods are evaluated. Chapter 6 attempts to resolve relationships of the island caecilians using 11 nuclear loci and multiple methods of phylogenetic inference. Chapter 7 discusses how the thesis has increased knowledge of the study taxa and of the evolution of amphibians on islands, particularly the Seychelles.

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Wakeford, Robert Charles. "Management of the Seychelles artisanal fishery." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11294.

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Biscornet, Leon. "Leptospirosis in the Seychelles : geographic, molecular and epidemiological investigations of a zoonotic disease in a tropical insular environment." Thesis, La Réunion, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LARE0013.

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La leptospirose est une maladie négligée émergente touchant plus particulièrement les régions tropicales, et plus encore les îles tropicales telles que les Seychelles, qui enregistrent des incidences humaines parmi les plus élevées au monde. Cette thèse a pour objectifs d’explorer l’éco épidémiologie de la leptospirose aux Seychelles (i) en utilisant les rats comme marqueurs d’exposition environnementale, (ii) en décrivant l’épidémiologie moléculaire de la maladie chez l’homme et l’animal à travers une approche “One Health”, et enfin (iii) en identifiant les comportements et professions à risque tout en en comparant la situation actuelle à celle décrite il y a 25 ans. La combinaison d’approches géographique, moléculaire et clinique vise à dresser un tableau complet de la situation épidémiologique de cette maladie aux Seychelles en intégrant les réservoirs animaux, l’homme et l’environnement qu’ils occupent.La fragmentation de l’habitat et la proximité de ressources alimentaires apparaissent comme de bons prédicteurs d’infection chez les rats. Les analyses géo-spatiales permettent de mettre en évidence d’autres variables corrélées négativement (altitude ou distance à un point d’eau douce) ou positivement (niveau d’urbanisation, pluviométrie) au statut d’infection chez les rats. Ces résultats pourraient être pris en compte dans les politiques d’aménagement du territoire mises en place dans des buts de conservation des habitats ou de contrôle des rongeurs, afin de réduire l’exposition de l’homme à des pathogènes maintenus dans l’environnement par les rats. Si le niveau d’urbanisation est positivement corrélé avec le statut d’infection, ce patron pourrait au moins en partie résulter de la distribution des deux espèces Rattus norvegicus et Rattus rattus. En effet la première espèce, retrouvée essentiellement en milieu urbain, est nettement plus infectée que la deuxième que l’on retrouve partout sur l’île. Néanmoins, la comparaison des leptospires retrouvés chez les rats et chez les cas humains graves indique que les rats ne sont impliqués que dans un tiers des transmissions à l’homme, la majorité des cas humains étant causée par des leptospires dont le(s) réservoir(s) reste(nt) à identifier. Une incidence annuelle de 54,6 (95% IC 40,7-71,8) pour 100 000 habitants confirme l’importance médicale majeure de cette maladie dans le pays. La maladie touche très majoritairement les hommes (96%) et présente un taux de mortalité élevé (11,2%), essentiellement associé à des formes sévères (dysfonctions rénales et hépatiques, hémorragie pulmonaire). Les activités agricoles et le jardinage, la proximité d’élevages et de chats, une thrombocytopénie, une leucocytose, un taux de bilirubine élevé et des valeurs élevées aux tests de fonction rénale sont de bons prédicteurs de leptospirose. La distribution géographique des cas humains ne correspond pas à celle des districts hébergeant des populations de rats aux prévalences d’infection élevées, en cohérence avec un rôle restreint des rats dans la leptospirose humaine.La comparaison des données présentées ici avec celles publiées il y a 25 ans révèle un changement dans les comportements et les expositions, et montre qu’une meilleure prise en charge hospitalière a vraisemblablement contribué à faire diminuer la mortalité liée à la leptospirose, même si celle-ci reste élevée. Un faible niveau de connaissance de la maladie en population générale souligne l’importance de mettre en place des campagnes de sensibilisation. Les données produites dans le cadre de cette thèse stimulent la mise en place d’études complémentaires visant à mettre en évidence le(s) réservoir(s) complémentaire(s) et adapter les mesures de prévention pour limiter le fardeau que représente cette maladie aux Seychelles, aujourd’hui encore reconnue comme la maladie infectieuse causant le plus de décès dans le pays
Leptospirosis is an emerging neglected disease representing a heavy burden in the tropics, especially in tropical islands such as Seychelles, which record among the highest human incidence worldwide. This thesis aims at exploring the eco-epidemiology of leptospirosis in Seychelles by (i) using rats as markers of environmental exposure to Leptospira infection, (ii) describing the molecular epidemiology of the disease in humans and animals in a One Health framework, and (iii) identifying occupational and behavioural risk factors while comparing the current situation to that described 25 years ago. The combination of fine spatial distribution, molecular and clinical epidemiology complement each other in providing a comprehensive picture of the continuum involving reservoirs and human hosts within a shared environment.Habitat fragmentation and proximity to nutritional sources are found good predictors of Leptospira-laden Rattus spp. Geospatial analyses determined a selection of other important variable factors that are strongly correlated with Leptospira infection in Rattus spp., including altitude or distance to surface water (negative correlation), urbanization and heavy rainfall (positive correlation). Results of these analyses can guide policy makers and especially urban planners to best implement landscape structures for conservation or pest control goals leading to reduced exposure of humans to rat-borne diseases.Rattus norvegicus is found significantly more infected than Rattus rattus. Therefore, increased infection in urbanized/fragmented habitats may result at least in part from Rattus spp distribution, as R. norvegicus is mostly found in urban areas. Most importantly, genotyping of Leptospira in human acute cases and rats suggests that these rodents are involved in only a third of human acute infections, while most human cases originate from yet to be identified reservoir(s).An annual incidence of 54.6 (95% CI 40.7-71.8) per 100,000 confirms the major medical and public health importance of the disease in the country. The disease affects mainly men (96%) and displays a case fatality rate of 11.2%, mostly associated with severe forms (acute renal failure, hepatic failure and pulmonary haemorrhage). Farming and gardening related activities, proximity to cattle and cats, thrombocytopaenia, leukocytosis, elevated bilirubin and high values for renal function tests are predictors of leptospirosis. The geographical distribution of human cases poorly overlaps districts of high prevalence in rats in keeping with a restricted role of rats in human disease.The comparison of figures reported herein and in previous studies published 25 years ago reveals changes in behaviour and exposure, and shows that the development of health care has lowered the case fatality despite still high disease incidence in the country. A low level of knowledge on leptospirosis is reported, urging the need for implementing health education campaigns. Altogether, the data presented in this thesis strongly supports the implementation of a research program aiming at discovering alternative reservoir(s) to provide a full understanding of the epidemiological situation, which will allow fine tuning preventive measures for an efficient control of a disease that is still recognised as the infectious disease causing the highest mortality in the country

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Emilie, Shane Antonio. "An investigation of stakeholder participation and learning in two schools within the Seychelles Eco-School programme." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011961.

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The aim of this study was to investigate stakeholder participation and learning in the Seychelles Eco-School programme within a primary school context and a secondary school context. Findings from each Eco-School have been presented in two case studies with the goal to explore and describe how teachers, students, parents and organizations are participating and learning in the Eco-School programme. Six elements of school community were used to deepen understanding of the participatory and learning processes in each Eco-School, namely, leadership, management and administration, curriculum planning, teaching and learning, resource use and management, management of physical surrounds of the school and networks and partnerships. Some of the contextual variables in each Eco-School that were constraining and enabling stakeholder participation and learning in the programme have also been explored within this study. Data in this study was generated from historical documents analysed, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and field notes. Data was also generated from questionnaires completed by organizations involved in the programme at each Eco- School. Data was analysed in two phases, the first phase involved reading across data generated from the methods mentioned above to organize the data under broad themes in relation to the elements of school community. The second phase of analysis involved the use of the conceptual framework of situating learning in a community of practice to interpret and discuss the participatory and learning processes across the two cases. The study showed that in each Eco-School there is a community of practice with the active involvement of teachers and students and the occasional involvement of parents and organizations. Students and adults are learning as they engage together in classroom and field-work interactions, environmental projects, environmental activities to commemorate environmental theme days, environmental campaigns and co-curricular activities through the practices of each Eco-School community. It was also discovered that students and adults are making different contributions in the Eco-School community based on their level of participation in the programme. It is hoped that the findings in this research contribute information regarding community participation in environmental education programmes like the Seychelles Eco-School programme. In addition, findings will inform the Seychelles Government and its partners to consider the possibility of enhancing school and community partnerships to respond to some of the challenges of participation and learning in the Eco-School programme.

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Parent, Marie-Christine. "Le moutya à l'épreuve de la modernité seychelloise : Pratiquer un genre musical emblématique dans les Seychelles d'aujourd'hui (océan Indien)." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR2002/document.

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Pratique musicale issue du contexte esclavagiste des îles Seychelles à partir de la fin du XVIIIe siècle, le moutya est à la fois un chant, une musique tambourinée et une danse. Cette pratique, presque absente sur le terrain, est nommée moutya otantik par les Seychellois. Les entretiens menés avec des travailleurs culturels et des musiciens ont permis de comprendre le concept de moutya otantik, né en parallèle avec celui de l’identité culturelle « créole seychelloise », s’avère une construction politique à la base de la Nation, suite au coup d’État qui a mené à la Révolution seychelloise, en 1977. Cette thèse examine d’abord une représentation d’un moutya otantik présentée par des travailleurs du ministère de la Culture. Elle s’oriente ensuite vers des pratiques qui se sont adaptées et renouvelées, principalement sur scène, lors d’événements officiels ou dans le milieu touristique, ou encore au sein de l’industrie musicale locale. Cette démarche permet d’aborder les processus de créolisation des musiques dites créoles, avec lesquelles le moutya partage des affinités évidentes, et de mettre ainsi le moutya en relation avec d’autres phénomènes culturels locaux et régionaux.Les nouveaux espaces de production et de diffusion sont ici observés par le biais d’études de cas basées sur des expériences individuelles et collectives, ainsi que sur des parcours d’artistes. Des analyses du matériau sonore et des performances musicales visent enfin l’élaboration d’une caractérisation du moutya et démontrent que ce dernier s’exprime aujourd’hui sous diverses formes, dans une interrelation dynamique avec différentes musiques. Dans cette optique, il doit nécessairement être abordé selon une conception élargie et complexe
Moutya is a musical practice born out of slavery in the Seychelles islands (Indian Ocean) from the end of the 18th century. It is made of singing, drumming and dancing. During our fieldwork, this practice, known as moutya otantik (authentic moutya) by the Seychellois, was hard to find, not to say absent. Interviews with cultural workers and musicians contributed to our understanding of the concept of moutya otantik born in parallel with the “creole Seychellois” cultural identity, as a political construction that served national purposes following the coup that led to the Seychelles Revolution in 1977. This dissertation first examines the representation of a moutya otantik as organized and presented by workers of the Ministry of Culture. It then looks at how moutya has been adapted and renewed when staged and recorded mainly during official events, at touristic venues or within the local music industry. This approach makes it possible to talk about the historical and dynamic processes of creolization that are inherent to creole music, with which moutya shares obvious affinities, and also to connect moutya with other local, regional and, more generally, Creole cultural phenomena. New production and presentation spaces are observed through case studies based on musicians’ individual and collective experiences. Analyses of sound material and musical performances attempt to better define moutya and show that it is now expressed in a diversity of forms and in a dynamic interrelation with different music. In this context, it must necessarily be approached in a broad and complex way

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Comarmond, Odile Andrine Louise de. "Exploring commitment of secondary teachers in Seychelles." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Teacher Education, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8679.

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This thesis reports on an investigation into teacher commitment in secondary schools in Seychelles. The overarching aim was to gain an insight into the experiences and perceptions of teacher commitment in order to get a better understanding of teachers’ career trajectories and issues relating to teacher retention. Another aim was to explore the experiences and perceptions of the participating teachers, headteachers and policymakers on the factors that influence commitment and trajectories of secondary teachers at the different stages of their teaching careers. In order to achieve these aims a qualitative methodology was chosen with a combination of three different approaches: phenomenography, phenomenology and multiple case studies. The use of multiple-approaches was considered appropriate in order to enhance the results of the investigation of such a complex phenomenon like teacher commitment. The case studies focused on four teacher groups representing newly qualified teachers, mid-career teachers, experienced teachers and teachers who had left the profession. Data were sought from different participant groups in relation to teacher commitment, experiences and career trajectories. The exploration involved semi-structured interviews with secondary teachers, headteachers and policymakers. The findings show that participants describe teacher commitment in relation to altruism, personal qualities, pedagogical content knowledge and connectedness. The ideas of what constitutes a committed teacher for these participants reveal complexity in the phenomenon of teacher commitment. Personal, organisational and contextual factors are found to influence these participants’ understandings. The findings identify a complex interplay of personal and contextual spheres of influence on teacher commitment. Another level of complexity that the findings revealed relate to the interconnection between teacher commitment, teachers’ career stages and retention. The commitment of beginning teachers is found to be more at risk than that of mid-career and experienced teachers. Education stakeholders hold different views to those of teachers on the factors that impact on teacher commitment and retention. The study concludes by proposing a conceptual model for teacher commitment that illustrates its complex nature. Teacher commitment is multifaceted and the nature and level of commitment held by teachers involves the constant negotiation between these different factors. The findings of the study contribute to a nuanced understanding of teacher commitment and have the potential to generate more in-depth and extensive studies of this phenomenon. These findings may inform policymakers both in Seychelles and in other national and international contexts about issues relating to teacher recruitment, development and retention, which are worldwide concerns.

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Lawrence, James Mark. "Restoration ecology of the Seychelles giant millipede." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85596.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The loss and degradation of habitat is recognised as the greatest threat to invertebrate biodiversity. Restoration practices have the potential to reduce these impacts. The Seychelles giant millipede (SGM), Sechelleptus seychellarum, is a threatened and functionally important macro-detritivore endemic to the Seychelles granitic islands. The broad objective of this dissertation was to investigate selected aspects of the restoration ecology of the SGM, with the intention of making practical restoration recommendations that can be used to assist in the conservation of this species. This study was carried out on Cousine Island, Seychelles between 1998 and 2009, in the context of the large-scale plant community restoration that has taken place on the island. Large fluctuations in millipede population densities were found between 1998 and 2009. In 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2007 millipede densities were low, while densities were high in 1998 and 2009. Although the SGM is active all year round, its surface activity was positively correlated with rainfall, with density high during the high rainfall period (i.e. October – April) and low during the low rainfall period (i.e. May – September). Female:male:juvenile ratios were ~ 3:1:1. The implications are that translocations should preferably be done in years of high millipede densities and during the wet season. Alien coconut trees did not affect SGM density, but negatively affected its foraging behaviour, whereas bamboo stands negatively affected both its density and foraging behaviour. The SGM showed feeding preferences for Pisonia grandis and Ficus sp. leaf litter types. Alien bamboo and coconut pose a varied threat to the SGM, and their removal and replacement by indigenous forest species (e.g. P. grandis and Ficus sp.) should form part of an island’s restoration programme. SGM density was an order of magnitude lower in the restored area compared to the natural forest. In contrast, SGM physical condition improved significantly in the restored area, as vegetation structure increased. Furthermore, SGM behaviour in the restored area switched from a predominantly walking to a predominantly feeding behaviour over the study period, resulting in the forest restoration programme on Cousine increasing the foraging area of the SGM by 43%. SGM spatial density did not significantly correlate with edaphic and litter properties, but did positively correlate with the toposcape (i.e. elevation and granitic rock cover). Granite rock crevices in forest covered areas were important diurnal refuges for the SGM, as microclimate conditions in non-forest covered rock refuges were unsuitable. SGM physical condition was significantly lower in non-shaded crevices compared to those shaded by forest. Low granite rock cover in the restored forest limited the SGM colonisation of this area in large numbers, despite canopy cover in the restored forest being comparable with that in the reference natural forest. As most restoration practices are primarily vegetation-based, this study demonstrates that such an approach can be inadequate for restoring habitat for target invertebrates, as many species’ habitat requirements extend beyond that of vegetation. For the SGM, selecting restoration sites that already have abundant rock cover would be the most practical way to increase SGM habitat through forest restoration practices. Taking into consideration the habitat requirements of target invertebrates can help in setting or redirecting restoration goals and thus enhance the conservation value of such practices.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die verlies en agteruitgang van habitat word alom beskou as die grootste bedreiging var die biodiversiteit van ongewerweldes. Herstellingspraktyke kan hierdie agteruitgang verminder of stop. Die Seychelle Reuse Duisendpoot (SGM), Sechelleptus seychellarum, is 'n bedreigde en funksioneel belangrike makro-detritusvoeder wat endemies is aan die Seychelle graniet-eilande. Die breë doelstelling van hierdie verhandeling is die doen van navorsing om praktiese aanbevelings te kan maak om die habitat van die SGM tot so ‘n mate te herstel dat die spesie kan bly voortbestaan. Hierdie studie is tussen 1998 en 2009 uitgevoer op Cousine Island, Seychelles, nadat ‘n grootskaalse herstellingsfase van die plantgemeenskap plaasgevind het. Groot skommelings in duisendpootgetalle is waargeneem tussen 1998 en 2009, viz. duisendpootgetalle was laag in 2002, 2003, 2005 en 2007, terwyl dit hoog was in 1998 en 2009. Alhoewel die SGM gedurende die hele jaar aktief is, is hulle tog in groter getalle aanwesig in die tydperke met hoë reënval (Oktober-April) en laag in die droë tydperk (Mei-September). Die verhouding van wyfies, mannetjies en onvolwassenes was deurgaans ~ 3:1:1. Dit bring mee dat hervestiging van SGM verkieslik gedoen moet word wanneer hul populasies hoog is en dan ook in die nat seisoen. Uitheemse klapperbome het geen invloed op SGM getalle gehad nie, alhoewel hul voedingsgedrag negatief beïnvloed is deur dié bome. Bamboesbosse darenteen, beïnvloed beide populasiedigtheid en voedingsgedrag van SGM negatief. Verder is daar gevind dat Pisonia grandis en Ficus sp. blaardetritus voorkeurvoedsel vir SGM is. Die verwydering van die uitheemse bamboes en klapperbome en vervanging daarvan met inheemse woudspesies (P. grandis en Ficus sp.) moet dus deel vorm van die eiland se herstelprogram om sodoende die SGM te bevoordeel. Die SGM-bevolkingsdigtheid was 'n grootte-orde laer in die herstelde gebied in vergelyking met die natuurlike bos, maar hul fisiese toestand het aansienlik verbeter in die herstelde gebied, waarskynlik omdat die plantegroei as geheel verbeter het. Verder het die SGM se gedrag gedurende die studietydperk in die herstelde area oorgegaan vanaf ‘n oorwegend loopgedrag om na kos te soek, na ‘n oorwegend voedende gedrag. Die vervanging van uitheemse- met inheemse boomspesies op Cousine Island het dus die voedingsarea van SGM met tot 43% verhoog. Die ruimtelike SGM populasiedigtheid is nie beduidend beïnvloed deur blaardetritus nie, maar is wel positief beïnvloed deur die topografie (hoogte en granietbedekking). Bebosde graniet rotsskeure bied belangrike toevlugsoorde vir SGM gedurende die dag, terwyl die mikroklimaat wat deur onbebosde rotsskeure veroorsaak word, totaal ongeskik is vir SGM. Die fisiese toestand van SGM was ook aansienlik swakker in die nie bebosde rotsskeure teenoor dié van die bebosde areas. In herstelde bos met min granietskuiling was die herkolonisering van SGM ook getalsgewys laer alhoewel die bosbedekking vergelykbaar was met dié van die inheemse bos. Dit bewys dus dat herstellingspraktyke wat hoofsaaklik plantegroei teiken, nie altyd die teikenspesie bevoordeel nie, maar dat ‘n meer holistiese benadering wat alle habitatvoorkeure in ag neem, toegepas moet word. Om SGM te bevoordeel moet herstel areas vir herbebossing dus gekies word waar daar reeds genoegsame granietskuiling is. Deur die habitatvereistes van ongewerwelde teikenspesies in ag te neem kan die herstellingspraktyke meer oordeelkundig ingestel word en sodoende kan die bewaringswaarde van sulke praktyke verbeter word.

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Labisko, Jim. "Evolutionary relationships of the sooglossid frogs of Seychelles." Thesis, University of Kent, 2016. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/56718/.

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Henriette, Farida G. "Family responsibilities, obligations, and commitment in the Seychelles." Thesis, Keele University, 2018. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/4999/.

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Drawing on a small-scale qualitative study, this thesis examines family relations in post-colonial Seychelles. The Seychelles is considered a post-colonial society because it used to be a colony. The aim of this qualitative research, using an interpretive epistemology, is to explore family responsibilities, obligations, and commitment in the Seychelles, and how this varies for different generations and genders. Semi-structured interviews and vignettes were used to gather data from forty participants who consented to take part in the research. The analysis of the data revealed that there are different types of family structures and they are in flux. Post-colonial societies have certain common characteristics and the analysis of the data revealed that the racial, power and gender characteristics common to such societies can be found in the Seychellois Creole family. The analysis revealed that gender is more important than the other characteristics which post-colonial writers have written about and that several family practices are considered as gendered practices. This include the care of the elderly. The analysis also revealed that there are certain family responsibilities that are considered more important than others which include the care of children, the sick and the elderly, and helping each other. The findings showed that obligations within family relationships are not necessarily negotiated – there is more of an expectation. The findings also revealed that commitment is developed through the idea of reciprocity and commitment is then displayed through the support that exists between family members and through intergenerational solidarity – where care of the elderly is provided, usually by the adult daughter. This thesis contributes to discourses about family life, obligations, duties, commitment, generation, racism, gender, care, and post-colonialism. In its novelty, it brings new knowledge to family relationships on small post-colonial island states and acts as an impetus for future sociological research.

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Henriette, Elvina. "Les introductions à des fins de conservation comme outil de sauvegarde des espèces insulaires menacées d'extinction : territorialité et démographie de l'Oiseau-lunettes des Seychelles Zosterops modestus sur l'Ile Frégate." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MNHN0006.

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La réintroduction constitue un outil de gestion des populations menacées d’extinction. L’Oiseau-lunettes des Seychelles a été introduit à des fins de conservation dans trois îles: Frégate (2001 et 2003), l’Ile du Nord et Cousine (2007) Nous avons suivi le développement des nouvelles populations introduites (principalement Frégate) et des populations sources (Conception et Mahé). Nous montrons d’abord que l’espèce a établi à Frégate des territoires relativement larges (moyenne: 1. 34 ha), de type ‘agrégés’ et localisés principalement dans des forêts de feuillus. La méthode du ‘Core-weighting kernel’ est la plus efficace pour mesurer la superficie des territoires. Nos résultats confirment que la période de reproduction se prolonge sur toute l’année à Frégate (contre 9 mois à Conception), ainsi que la reproduction des oiseaux dès l’age d’un an. Je rapporte également le premier cas suspecté de polyterritorialité pour l’espèce. La deuxième partie de la thèse traite de dynamique des populations. Nous recommandons l’utilisation d’une méthode de capture-recapture pour estimer les effectifs et du logiciel NOREMARK pour analyser les données. Nous démontrons que la survie adulte à Frégate est élevée (76%), et que la croissance de la population est très sensible à ce paramètre. Les populations à Frégate, Ile du Nord et Conception augmentent mais celles de Mahé et Cousine déclinent. Néanmoins, la population mondiale est de 550-650 oiseaux en 2009-2010, contre 280-390 en 1997, ce qui montre l’efficacité d’une stratégie de conservation basée sur la création de nouvelles populations dans plusieurs îles
Conservation introduction can be used as a tool to establish self-sustaining populations of species threatened with extinction. The endemic Seychelles white-eye (Zosterops modestus) originally confined to Conception and Mahé islands (280-390 individuals in 1997) was transferred to Frégate (37 birds in 2001-2003), Ile du Nord (25 birds in 2007) and Cousine (23 birds in 2007) islands. The development of transferred and source populations has been monitored, particularly on Frégate. Part 1 of this thesis shows that territories on Frégate are spatially aggregated, relatively large (mean 1. 34 ha) and predominantly found in broad-leaf forest. The ‘Core-weighting kernel’ was the most efficient method in measuring territory size. We confirm the extended year-round breeding season on Frégate (only c. 9 months on Conception), as well as reproduction of first-year birds. We also reveal the first case of suspected polyterritoriality for this species. Part 2 focuses on population demography and trends. We recommend the use of capturemark- relocate techniques to estimate population size and of programme ‘Noremark’ for data analysis. We show that the species has high adult survival rates (76%) and that population growth rate (1. 18) is most sensitive to this parameter. Conception, Frégate and North populations are increasing, whilst Cousine and Mahé are experiencing alarming declines. In 2009-2010, the global population stood at 550-650 individuals. We evaluate the efficiency of these introductions and conclude that creating new island populations has been advantageous for the species and offers more scope for the metapopulation to grow

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Gaigher, Rene. "The invasive ant Pheidole megacephala on an oceanic island : impact, control and community-level response to management." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79877.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Invasive species are among the most important global conservation threats. Their management is one of the key conservation challenges that will have to be addressed in the next few decades. The study of real invasions and their management in natural ecosystems provides an opportunity to gain important information on theoretical and applied aspects of biological invasions. This project focuses on the broader ecological context of invasive ant management in an ecologically sensitive island habitat. The thesis has three main components: 1) assessing the role of the invasive ant Pheidole megacephala in the ecosystem and evaluating its threat to the system, 2) evaluating a low-impact management program for the ant, and 3) using a community-level approach to assess ecosystem response to ant removal. The ant occupied almost 30% of the island‘s total land area and reached extremely high densities in some areas. The ant was associated with exotic hemipteran scale insects through trophobiotic mutualisms that facilitated high ant and hemipteran abundances. The highly destructive scale insect Pulvinaria urbicola was among the hemipterans that benefited from ant attendance. High levels of hemipteran feeding resulted in dieback of functionally important and threatened native Pisonia trees, which represented a significant threat to the forest ecosystem. A management program was initiated in response to this threat, consisting of baiting with selective hydramethylnon-based bait delivered in bait stations, accompanied by detailed pre-and post-baiting monitoring. The method was highly effective at suppressing the ants, whilst preventing bait uptake by non-target organisms. It was also cost-effective and adaptable to ant density in the field, but was only effective over short distances. The method may be applicable to other sensitive environments with similar challenges. After ant control, the ant-scale mutualism was decoupled and the Pu. urbicola population collapsed. There were variable responses in different taxa to the removal of these highly abundant exotic species, the most important of which was the recovery in Pisonia trees. Shoot condition and foliage density improved and there was a decrease in sooty mold. Herbivory on Pisonia increased due to recovery of native canopy herbivores, but the overall impact was far less than that of the exotic hemipterans. Soil surface arthropods, a group that may have been vulnerable to the treatment method, were unaffected by baiting. Instead, they increased significantly after ant removal, confirming the ant‘s impact on other arthropods. Other ant diversity and non-ant arthropod abundance increased post-baiting, including the endemic ant Pheidole flavens farquharensis and some functionally important insects such as the Indian cockroach. Natural enemies that interacted predictably with the mutualists were influenced by management. Predators of hemipterans increased significantly after ant removal and were instrumental in the scale population collapse, whereas parasitoids of hemipterans that benefited from the mutualism declined. Additionally, groups that were unrelated to the mutualism were indirectly influenced by management. The natural enemy assemblage as a whole showed recovery to pre-invasion conditions. The study shows how widely interconnected and influential the ant was in the ecosystem. It highlights the threat of the species in natural systems as well as the complex responses following invasive ant removal. Yet, it also demonstrates the potential to safely and effectively manage the species, thereby raising the opportunity for ecosystem recovery.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Indringerspesies is van die belangrikste globale bedreigings vir natuurbewaring. Hulle bestuur is van die grootste bewaringsuitdagings wat in die volgende paar dekades aangespreek moet word. Die studie van werklike invalle en hul bestuur in natuurlike ekosisteme bied 'n geleentheid om belangrike inligting te verkry oor teoretiese en toegepaste aspekte van biologiese indringing. Hierdie projek fokus op die breër ekologiese konteks van uitheemse mier bestuur in 'n ekologies sensitiewe eiland habitat. Die tesis het drie hoofkomponente: 1) die beoordeling van die rol van die indringer mier Pheidole megacephala in die ekosisteem en evaluering van sy bedreiging vir die sisteem, 2) die evaluering van 'n lae-impak bestuursprogram vir die mier, en 3) die gebruik van 'n gemeenskaps-vlak benadering om ekosisteem reaksie op mierverwydering te assesseer. Die mier het byna 30% van die totale landoppervlak van die eiland beslaan en het in party areas baie hoë digthede bereik. Die mier was geassosieer met uitheemse dopluis spesies in mutualismes wat hoë mier en dopluis getalle gefasiliteer het. Die hoogs beskadigende dopluis Pulvinaria urbicola was een van die spesies wat bevoordeel is deur die mutualisme. Hoë vlakke van dopluis voeding het die terugsterwe van funksioneel belangrike, bedreidge inheemse Pisonia bome veroorsaak, wat ŉ groot bedreiging vir die ekosisteem verteenwoordig het. ‗n Bestuursprogram is geïmplimenteer as gevolg van hierdie bedreiging, wat bestaan het uit selektiewe hidrametielnoon-gebaseerde lokaas wat in die veld geplaas is in lokaashouers, vergesel deur intensiewe monitering voor en na lokaasplasing. Die metode was hoogs effektief in die onderdrukking van die miere en het lokaasinname deur nie-teiken organismes verhoed. Dit was ook koste-effektief en aanpasbaar volgens mierdigtheid in die veld, maar was slegs effektief oor kort afstande. Die metode mag van toepassing wees in ander sensitiewe omgewings met soortgelyke uitdagings. Na mierbeheer is die mier-dopluis mutualisme ontkoppel en die Pu. urbicola bevolking het drasties verminder. Daar was verskillende reaksies in verskillende taxa tot die verwydering van die oorvloedryke eksotiese spesies, maar die belangrikste reaksie was die herstel van Pisonia bome. Spruittoestand en blaardigtheid het verbeter en daar was ŉ afname in roetskimmel. Herbivorie op Pisonia het toegeneem as gevolg van ŉ herstel in inheemse herbivore, maar die algehele impak was veel minder as dié van die eksotiese dopluis. Grondoppervlak gelidpotiges, 'n groep wat kwesbaar kon wees vir die behandelingsmetode, was onaangeraak deur die lokaas, maar het beduidend na mierverwydering vermeerder. Mierdiversiteit het vermeerder en die Seychelles endemiese mier Pheidole flavens farquharensis is hervestig. Ander gelidpotiges het ook vermeerder, insluitend funksioneel belangrike spesies soos die Indiese kakkerlak. Natuurlike vyande wat geassosieer was met die mutualiste is beïnvloed deur die mierbestuur. Predatore van dopluis het beduidend toegeneem na mierverwydering en was hoogs betrokke by die vermindering van dopluis, terwyl parasiete van dopluis, wat voordeel getrek het uit die mutualisme, gedaal het. Daarbenewens is groepe wat onverwant was aan die mutualisme indirek beïnvloed deur mierbestuur. Die algehele natuurlike vyand gemeenskap het herstel na pre-indringing toestand. Die studie toon hoe wydverbind en invloedryk die mier was in die ekosisteem. Dit beklemtoon die bedreiging van die spesies in natuurlike stelsels asook die komplekse reaksies wat uitheemse mierverwydering volg. Tog demonstreer dit die potensiaal om die spesies veilig en doeltreffend te bestuur, en sodoende die geleentheid vir ekosisteemherstel te skep.

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Egli, Andrea. "The Sustainability Performance of International Hotel Chains in the Seychelles In cooperation with the Ministry of Tourism and Transport of Seychelles and seed sustainability /." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01405448001/$FILE/01405448001.pdf.

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Purvis, Marie-Thérèse. "School improvement in a small island developing state : the Seychelles." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2710/.

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This thesis presents an evaluative case study of school improvement initiatives in the Seychelles, in a context specific to small island developing states (SIDS). It examines the complexities of borrowing a school improvement model from a larger and more open system (the UK) and the possibilities for adapting it to the local needs. It also considers the significance of the small island and centralised contexts into which the school improvement model was imported. In so doing, the research attempts to determine the factors that may help schools in the SIDS context to develop the internal capacity to improve and to establish the basis for a possible model for school improvement in SIDS. The research is significant because it provides originality as the only study of school improvement in Seychelles secondary schools. It also contributes further insights into the development of the Seychelles School Improvement Programme (SIP); it complements the existing knowledge base on the SIP and adds to the scant literature on school improvement in small states and in centralised systems. The study attempts to capture the multi-faceted nature of the SIP and the multiple forms of people's understanding of it, by examining the most salient aspects of the Programme from the perspectives of different stakeholder groups, through the case study approach. A 40% sample of the country's state secondary schools were studied, using documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews and observation of meetings as the means of data collection. While the SIP has had far reaching implications for school development in the Seychelles system and school improvement strategies such as development planning and school-based professional development have become institutionalised, schools are yet to take ownership of them. It is hoped that the findings of this study may contribute to educators' reflections on effective teaching and learning as well as inform policy and practice.

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Figaro, Veronique. "Accountability of primary schools in the Seychelles : a stakeholder analysis." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/55488/.

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While school accountability continues to gain national prominence in the highly centralised Education System of the Seychelles, concerns have been raised as to how accountable school leaders and teachers are in the primary schools. Through a mixed methods approach using questionnaires, interviews, observations as well as documentary analysis in two case studies, the study uses a conceptual base to examine school leaders and teachers‟ accountability from the perspectives of five stakeholder groups: headteachers, subject coordinators, teachers, schools‟ PTA chairpersons and students. In the primary schools, job descriptions have a significant influence on the understanding of accountability, where it is mostly taken to mean responsibility. Accountability in the primary schools is problematic in many aspects, particularly in the use of reporting as an accountability mechanism, recording preceding account giving, consequences, responding to demands of accountability from stakeholders because of their various interests and the lack of reciprocal accountability from parents and students in decision making. The study also indicated some positive trends emerging in schools, including professional accountability where mechanisms in place enhance highly collaborative relationships among teachers and school leaders.

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Johnsson, Paula, and Nina Haskovec. "Implementing sustainable electricity production systems on Mahé in the Seychelles." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-148084.

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This bachelor thesis project in Renewable Energy Technology conducted as a literature study along with a field study on the main island Mahé in the Seychelles. The study aims to investigate the feasibility to add renewable energy to the grid on the densely populated island Mahé, in regards of an economic and environmental point of view. Many island nations are heavily dependent on import of fuel to cover their demand for energy. Along with tourism making up a big part of GDP, the economy is currently extremely volatile to fluctuations in fuel prices. The Seychelles consists of an archipelago of approximately 115 islands, located 5 to 7 degrees south of the equator in the Indian Ocean. The climate is tropical, with rather constant temperature and weather conditions throughout the year. In 2009 the Seychelles government founded an energy commission, after being hit very hard by increased prices of oil after the financial crisis previous year. The country is keen on becoming more energy independent, and preserving the pristine environment that attracts visitors. There are several projects connected to renewable energy or energy efficiency currently active in the Seychelles and the subject has lately received more attention. The software HOMER Legacy was used to simulate the economically most optimal grid mix. Input data for the simulation was collected during a field study in the Seychelles. Important hourly data on solar insolation and wind speed were acquired from Meteonorm. Interviews with local residents connected to the future energy development were conducted during the field study, to complement the simulated results, in order to suggest a viable composition of renewable electricity supply systems on Mahé.
Det här kandidatexamensarbetet i Hållbar Energiteknik består av en litteraturstudie och en fältstudie utförd på huvudön Mahé i Seychellerna. Studien ämnar undersöka hur möjligheten att addera förnybar energi till existerande elnät på den tätbefolkade ön Mahé ser ut, utifrån ett ekonomiskt såväl som ekologiskt hållbart perspektiv. Många önationer är idag kraftigt beroende av importerat bränsle för att täcka rådande elektricitetsbehov. Tillsammans med turismen utgör denna import en stor del av BNP och landets ekonomi blir därför mycket sårbar för förändringar i bränslepriser. Seychellerna består av en skärgård med ungefär 115 öar, placerade 5 till 7 grader söder om ekvatorn i Indiska Oceanen. Klimatet är tropiskt med ganska konstanta väderförhållanden under hela året. År 2009 bildade Seychellernas regering en energikommission efter att landet drabbats hårt av finanskrisen som inträffat föregående år. Målet just nu är att bli mer självständiga när det kommer till energiförsörjning, men samtidigt gå försiktigt fram för att bevara den vackra natur som lockar mängder av besökare. Det finns flera projekt vilka omfattar förnybara energitekniker och energieffektivitet som år 2014 pågår och ämnet diskuteras alltmer. Mjukvaran HOMER Legacy användes för att simulera den optimala energimixen utifrån ett ekonomiskt perspektiv, ingångsdata till simulationen samlades in under fältstudien i Seychellerna. Viktig timdata som solinstrålning och vindhastigheter kunde fås genom att använda programmet Meteonorm. Intervjuer hölls på plats med invånare kopplade till den pågående utvecklingen av elektricitetsproduktionen i Seychellerna. Intervjuerna blev ett bra komplement till simulationen för att ge en bättre helhetsbild av situationen. Dessa två delar gav sedan rimliga förslag på hur en delvis förnybar elektricitetsproduktion på Mahé skulle kunna se ut i framtiden.

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Salabert, Gervais. "L'approche curriculaire : une formation indispensable en didactique FLE aux Seychelles." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10095.

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En 1994, aux Seychelles, la section de français du Centre chargé du Curriculum lance un programme de révision / réactualisation du curriculum de français du primaire et du secondaire. Outre le personnel de cette section, les autres agents impliqués dans cette opération sont le Conseil d'Enseignement du français, qui regroupe des enseignants, des formateurs et des techniciens du Ministère de l'Éducation et de la Culture, et les chefs de file, enseignants expérimentés et suffisamment motivés pour se lancer dans ce travail de longue haleine ; ces derniers sont les interfaces directes entre le opérateurs du Ministère et le terrain. Mais est-ce que l'implication d'autant de personnes dans cette révision/réactualisation du curriculum de français ne nuit pas au rendement général ? Est-ce que le personnel concerné est suffisamment formé pour garantir ce renouveau ? Quels sont les problèmes rencontrés en prônant cette démarche qui touche, en principe, tous les enseignants de français du primaire et du secondaire ? Toutes ces questions mettent au premier plan la problématique du développement curriculaire en termes de modèles à élaborer, de méthodes à finaliser et de ressources humaines à former. Cela justifie le recours à la recherche-action comme moyen pour construire et maintenir les liens nécessaires entre les enseignants sur le terrain et les spécialistes du curriculum au Ministère ; de cela émerge une équipe de travail fondée sur la collaboration comme approche gratifiante et professionnelle à la conduire du renouveau curriculaire.

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Manesse, Philippe. "Particularites cliniques dans l'exercice de la psychiatrie aux iles seychelles." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX20963.

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Vel, Benjamin. "Pour une gestion efficace des services spécialisés aux Iles Seychelles." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1993. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5374/1/000606444.pdf.

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Phillips, Karl. "Molecular ecology of hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys imbricata in the Seychelles." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2013. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/48091/.

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Molecular genetics are an invaluable tool in whole-organism biology, allowing the indirect investigation of life history traits and evolutionary processes that are otherwise unobservable. In this thesis, I apply molecular genetic techniques to the study of the hawksbill sea turtle Eretmochelys imbricata, using a population in the Republic of Seychelles. My aim in this study was two-fold. Firstly, to better characterise certain key aspects of the hawksbill’s life history and demography, with a view to better informing hawksbill conservation. Secondly, to test several hypotheses relating to broader evolutionary questions, e.g. regarding the forces shaping mating systems and the link between individual genetic variability and fitness. I found that the majority of females were fertilised by a single male each, and that they used stored sperm to fertilise all of their multiple clutches across a nesting season. There was no evidence of females biasing paternity towards males with particular genetic properties (variability, dissimilarity), suggesting that females are not using sperm storage to promote sexual selection. Males were rarely seen to fertilise more than one female in the study, suggesting low reproductive skew and a large male population that is mobile and/or dispersed. Females at nesting beaches spanning 450 km comprised a single genetic stock, but males were more dispersive than females. I found that the effective size of the population was relatively large, and did not show signs of inbreeding or loss of genetic variation following the substantial reduction in hawksbill numbers caused by historic overhunting. Finally, I found that both male genetic variability and parental genetic dissimilarity can predict nest success, but in a way that might select for a stabilised level of genetic variability. I discuss the implications of these results for both evolutionary biology and the ongoing conservation management of a species internationally listed as critically endangered.

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Wright, David J. "Evolutionary and conservation genetics of the Seychelles warbler (Acrocephalus sechellensis)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2014. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/50714/.

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In this thesis, I investigated how evolutionary forces and conservation action interact to shape neutral and adaptive genetic variation within and among populations. To accomplish this, I studied an island species, the Seychelles warbler (Acrocephalus sechellensis), with microsatellite markers and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes as measures of neutral and adaptive variation respectively. First, I used museum DNA and historical records to reveal a recent bottleneck that provides context for the contemporary genetic variation observed in this species. I then determined the impact of four translocations on genetic diversity over two decades. I found that diversity does not differ significantly between islands but the use of smaller founder sizes in two translocations has caused population divergence. These results indicate that stochastic genetic capture is important in translocations and that future assisted gene flow between populations may be necessary. As a tool for conservation practitioners, I wrote a technical report of the most recent translocation - to Frégate Island - detailing practicalities and outcomes to help inform future translocation policy. Using two translocation events as experiments, I then tested whether MHC-based social mate choice acts to maintain MHC diversity in the Seychelles warbler, finding that male age and heterozygosity, but not MHC, predicted pairing success. Lastly, I investigated survival and reproductive consequences of Ase-ua4, an MHC class I allele previously shown to confer a survival advantage in the Seychelles warbler. I found widespread patterns of allele frequency increase within cohorts consistent with the survival effect, but no overall increase in population allele frequency over time. I investigated potential antagonistic reproductive mechanisms, but found no clear evidence for why this allele is not driven towards fixation. Collectively, my results provide an interesting case study of the evolutionary conservation approach, whilst providing insight into the importance of maintaining genetic variation in natural populations.

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Randrianambinintsoa, Fano José. "Contribution à l’inventaire des Phlébotomes (Psychodidae – Phlebotominae) de Madagascar et des îles voisines." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMP206/document.

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Durant de nombreuses décennies, la faune phlébotomienne (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) Malgaches est demeurée très peu explorée. Deux Grassomyia avaient été signalés puis une espèce décrite sous le nom de Sergentomyia berentiensis. A partir des années 2000, la faune de Madagascar a révélé une richesse et une diversité non soupçonnées jusqu'alors avec la description de plusieurs espèces nouvelles et d'un sous-genre nouveau : Vattieromyia. Cette thèse est une contribution à la connaissance des Phlébotomes de Madagascar et des îles voisines des Seychelles et des Comores.Notre approche a été qualitative et non quantitative. Les phlébotomes collectés à Madagascar, aux Comores et aux Seychelles ont été étudiés morphologiquement puis, pour certains d'entre eux, par biologie moléculaire à diverses fins : associations mâles-femelles et systématique évolutive. Dans ce dernier cas, différents marqueurs ribosomiques, mitochondriaux et nucléaires ont été séquencés selon les problématiques.A Madagascar, les Phlebotomus forment un groupe monophylétique. Nous suggérons, sur des arguments morphologiques et moléculaires, de les individualiser dans un sous-genre nouveau étant donnée la mise en évidence de la paraphylie du sous-genre Anaphlebotomus dans lequel ont été classées les espèces malgaches.Nos travaux révèlent que P. fertei possède une aire de distribution qui couvre la presque totalité du pays. Les séquences de cytochrome b individualisent de nombreuses populations selon leurs origines géographiques mais nous n'avons pas pu individualiser ces populations sur le plan morphologique et morphométrique. Les séquences de l'ITS2 n'individualisent pas ces populations et nous critiquons l'utilisation du cytochrome b, et plus largement des marqueurs mitochondriaux, pour la systématique des Phlébotomes.En ce qui concerne les autres espèces de Phlebotomus, elles possèdent toutes une distribution étroite, réduite à leur lieu de capture. Nous avons décrit deux espèces nouvelles durant cette thèse : P. vaomalalae et P. vincenti. Les études moléculaires et morphologiques révèlent l'existence d'au moins trois espèces nouvelles : deux sympatriques à Andranoilovy (dont une espèce commune avec Berenty) et une à Ankililaoka.Enfin, nous proposons le rattachement de P. huberti au genre Sergentomyia. Cette espèce ne possède pas de soies mésanepisternales et le mâle que nous décrivons dans ce travail possède les caractères génitaux des Sergentomyia. De plus, nous décrivons sur une la seule femelle, une espèce nouvelle proche de S. huberti. Une étude moléculaire menée avec d'autres espèces supposées proches (appartenant au sous-genre Sintonius) nous conduit à proposer la création d'un nouveau sous-genre pour classer ces espèces malgaches.Nous analysons la paléobiogéographie des Phlébotomes de Madagascar et envisageons au moins deux épisodes de peuplement : l'un très ancien (environ 120 millions d'années), « africain » datant de la fragmentation du Gondwana et le second, plus récent (65 millions d'années), provenant d'Asie via un pont formé par le plateau des Seychelles.D'un point de vue épidémiologique, la recherche d'ADN leishmanien s'est révélée négative sur tous les phlébotomes testés.Dans l'archipel des Comores, aucun phlébotome n'avait été rapporté. Au cours de trois campagnes de piégeage menées en 2003, 2007 et 2011, nous rapportons la première mention de phlébotomes dans ces îles et décrivons deux taxons nouveaux S. pessoni et S. goodmani comorensis.Aux Seychelles, nous avons identifié S. clydei à Aldabra. Cette population possède des séquences mitochondriales très différentes des nombreuses populations continentales étudiées. L'origine du peuplement de cette île volcanique demeure mystérieuse, sans adéquation avec les données relatives à l'horloge moléculaire du cytochrome b dont nous doutons de la fiabilité
During the last century, the Phlebotomine sand fly fauna (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) of Madagascar remained largely unexplored. Two Grassomyia were recorded and a species has been described as Sergentomyia berentiensis. From the 2000s, this fauna revealed a richness hitherto unsuspected: it included the description of several new species for Science and of a new subgenus (Vattieromyia). The present study is a contribution to the knowledge of Phlebotomine sand flies from Madagascar and the neighboring archipelagos of the Seychelles and the Comoros.The sand flies collected in Madagascar, the Comoros and the Seychelles were studied morphologically and, for some of them, by molecular biology in order to associate males with females and also to perform molecular systematics. Several molecular ribosomal, nuclear, and mitochondrial markers have been combined.In Madagascar, the Phlebotomus are grouped in a clade. Based on morphological characters and molecular studies, we suggest their individualization in a new subgenus because we show subgenus Anaphlebotomus where the Malagasy Phlebotomus were classified, is paraphyletic.P. fertei exhibits a wide distribution all over country. Sequences of cytochrome b individualize many populations linked to their geographical origins. However, it is not possible to individualize these populations based on morphological and morphometric characters. The sequences of ITS2 do not individualize these populations and we criticize the use of cytochrome b and other mitochondrial markers for the systematics of Phlebotomine sand flies.Regarding the other Malgaches Phlebotomus, all of them have a narrow distribution, reduced to their place of capture. We described two new species for Science: P. vaomalalae and P. vincenti. Moreover, molecular and morphological studies support the existence of at least three new species: two in sympatry in Andranoilovy (probably also recorded in Berenty) and one in Ankililaoka.Finally, we propose that P. huberti belongs to the genus Sergentomyia and not to the genus Phlebotomus. It does not have mesanepisternal setae and the male that we describe here exhibits Sergentomyia's genital characters. Moreover, we described on a female belonging to a new species close to S. huberti. We carried out a molecular study including continental species supposed closely related (belonging to the subgenus Sintonius). It individualizes the Malagasy specimens and consequently, considering their typical pharyngeal armature, we propose the creation of a new subgenus to classify them.We analyze the paleobiogeography of Malagasy sand flies. In agreement with generalized tracks, the settlement of Madagascar followed two routes at different times: one very old (about 120 million years ago), from "Africa" dating from the Gondwana fragmentation and the second, more recent (65 million years), from Asia using a bridge formed by the Seychelles plateau.From an epidemiological point of view, the search of Leishmania DNA was negative in all sandflies processed.In the Comoros Archipelago, no sand fly had been reported in the past. During three field works carried out in 2003, 2007 and 2011, we report the first record of sandflies in these islands and we describe two new taxa: S. pessoni and S. goodmani comorensis.In the Seychelles, we identified S. clydei in Aldabra. This population has mitochondrial sequences highly differing from those of many continental populations processed. The settlement of this volcanic island remains mysterious. They are not in agreement with molecular clock of cytochrome b sequences which seems of doubtful use

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Barallon, Linda. "Leadership development in small island states : the case of the Seychelles." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/55369/.

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In common with many other countries including small island developing states (SIDS), the criteria for appointment as a head teacher in the Seychelles were not formalised but, in practice, promotion was based mainly on teaching qualifications and experience, level of commitment shown to education, and contributions made to public life. Since 2002, educational leadership training has been offered to senior school leaders through a partnership between Seychelles and UK universities but it is not clear whether these qualifications enable head teachers to lead their institutions effectively. In practice, the acquisition of such training is being considered in the selection and appointment of senior school leaders but this is not yet an official policy. This thesis reports research focused on people in headship and other senior leadership positions in Seychelles who have followed one of these programmes. The research is an evaluation of the leadership development project designed to inform senior ministry officials of its impact. It presents a critical view of leadership development and its impact in a specific context, a SIDS with a centralised education system. In a survey involving 100% of these trained leaders, the interview responses highlight issues related to the basis of their selection for training and subsequent appointment in post; their training experiences, the extent to which they have been able to put into practice what they have learnt, and how their learning has impacted on their respective school. Responses obtained from senior Ministry officials show how the trained leaders’ performance after training is perceived within the Ministry. A case study of a primary school examines in depth observable changes in leadership practices impacting on school outcomes that are attributed to leadership training and development. The research shows that the Seychelles education system was very successful in preparing its leaders through partnerships with HE education bodies; with more than 90% of senior school leaders (heads and deputy heads) achieving a master’s qualification. The findings also show a positive impact in terms of leaders’ satisfaction with the course, changes in their knowledge, disposition and skills; changes in their leadership practices and, to some extent, improved school outcomes. The findings revealed a lack of established structures and comprehensive programmes for induction and mentoring of leaders; the lack of formal criteria and procedures for the selection of leaders for training, appointment, promotion and deployment; and limited provision for on-going support and continuous professional development. Central selection prevails with female domination of leadership positions at system and institutional levels. The significance of this research is mainly in its originality as the only study of leadership development, and its impact on school outcomes, in Seychelles.

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Hammond, James Oliver Scott. "Imaging the upper mantle beneath the Seychelles : architecture of a microcontinent." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441263.

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Edwards, Hannah Alexandra. "Personality and its fitness consequences in the Seychelles warbler (Acrocephalus sechellensis)." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12714/.

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In this thesis, I investigate whether differences in behaviour among individuals, termed personality, are genetically determined and/or shaped by state and whether personality influences reproductive success and strategy. Using the Cousin Island population of Seychelles warbler (Acrocephalus sechellensis), I measured five personality traits: exploration of a novel object, exploration of a novel environment, obstinacy, stress response and escape response. I estimated the repeatability of each trait, the heritability of the repeatable traits and tested for correlations among repeatable traits. I found that exploration of a novel environment and object were repeatable and correlated, and novel environment exploration was heritable, suggesting that it may be under selection in the population. I then used a candidate gene approach to further investigate the genetic variation associated with personality, specifically targeting SERT and DRD4. I found no genetic variation in DRD4, but identified four polymorphisms in SERT that did not correlate with the novel environment or novel object exploration. These results suggest there was no association between these behaviours and variation in the candidate genes tested in this population, and that a genome-wide study might be beneficial to detect the relevant genes underlying personality. I then looked at how personality is potentially generated and maintained in a social living species by investigating whether personality is social state-dependent or reproductive state-dependent. I found that the novel environment and novel object exploration were not correlated with social status and behavioural consistency was unaffected by social status. Novel object exploration was instead associated with the interaction between insect abundance at year of birth and age (a proxy for reproductive state). Lastly, I investigated the fitness consequences of personality, particularly looking at its influence on reproductive behaviour. I found that disassortative pairs for novel environment exploration were more likely to have females engage in extra pair parentage, and that novel environment and novel object exploration were not associated with the number of offspring sired or the ratio of within to extra group young. Overall my results show that there are consistent among individual differences in behaviour in wild cooperative breeders that may be generated by future fitness potential and are associated with reproductive behaviour within the social pair.

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Humber, Stuart Richard. "High resolution side-scan sonar imaging of coral reefs in the Seychelles." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408036.

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Hutchings, Kimberly. "Parasite-mediated selection in an island endemic, the Seychelles warbler (Acrocephalus sechellensis)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.514335.

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Sansom, Victoria. "Crustal structure of the NE Seychelles rifted continental margin from geophysical observations." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497263.

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Marie, Sherley. "Induction of newly qualified teachers in the Seychelles : professional and organisational dimensions." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/55522/.

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This thesis presents the findings from exploratory research on the induction of newly qualified teachers (NQTs) in Seychelles. The Seychelles education system has no formal policy or framework for the induction of NQTs. The research aimed at discovering if and how NQTs were inducted and supported during their first years of teaching. The management and implementation of induction were examined and NQTs’ perceptions of their induction experiences were sought, thus bringing to light their socialisation process within their institution. The research is significant as it is the first major study of induction and mentoring in both primary and secondary schools in the country, targetting a cohort of new teachers. It explored the issue of induction and mentoring holistically by using mixed methods. The NQTs’ perceptions of their induction and subsequent mentoring were obtained through a survey questionnaire. In addition, key officials and policy makers in the Ministry of Education were interviewed, to ascertain their intentions and expectations of new teacher induction. Finally, three case studies (two in primary schools and one in a secondary school) were carried out, enabling the researcher to explore the induction and mentoring practices in these schools in depth. The findings revealed that induction in the Seychelles is incidental, lasting for about a week. The head teachers play a pivotal role in welcoming new teachers only and the subject leaders play the dual role of mentors and assessors. The induction process is not successful because school leaders lack the expertise to design, implement and evaluate their induction programmes. Hence, this research leads to a proposal for an induction model with implications for policy development and with a recommendation for a decentralised induction process which will cater for, the socialisation, the improved competence and the continued professional development of novice teachers.

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Haffenden, Ian G. "Evaluation of innovation implementation; a case study : the Seychelles National Youth Service." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236259.

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Moxham, Emily Jeanne. "The spatial ecology of Albula glossodonta in the St. Joseph Atoll, Seychelles." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/57863.

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Bonefish (Albula spp.) support valuable recreational and artisanal fisheries worldwide. Declining stocks have been reported at multiple localities, potentially jeopardising numerous multimillion-dollar industries. In particular, tourism generated through bonefish fly fishing contributes considerably to the economies of many isolated tropical islands and atolls. However, despite their economic value, little is known about bonefish in the Indian Ocean. This study aimed to contribute to the understanding of bonefish ecology in the Indian Ocean by (1) reviewing the bonefish literature to identify knowledge gaps; (2) evaluating the postrelease survival of acoustically tagged bonefish and; (3) quantifying the spatial and temporal movements of bonefish at a near-pristine and predator rich atoll in the Seychelles. A review of published literature on bonefish indicated that despite considerable biological and ecological research in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, virtually no research has been conducted in the Indian Ocean. To help address this research gap, an acoustic telemetry study was initiated at the remote St. Joseph Atoll, within an existing array of 88 automated datalogging acoustic receivers. Thirty Albula glossodonta were surgically implanted with Vemco V13 acoustic transmitters in May 2015 and tracked for a period of one year. Only 10% of the tagged bonefish were detected for more than two weeks. A comparison of the final 100 hours of movement data from fish that were detected for less than two weeks to fish detected for longer periods revealed distinct differences. These included differences in area use patterns and significant differences in the average daily distance moved, speed of movement and residency index. This suggested that mortality in the form of post-release predation was high (90%) with tagged fish detected for less than two weeks being preyed upon by sharks. The three surviving bonefish were tracked for 210 to 367 days. These individuals remained in the atoll and showed high use of the marginal habitats between the shallow sand flats and the deeper lagoon. Water temperature, diel cycle and tide were significant predictors of bonefish presence in the lagoon. The high post-release predation of bonefish has implications for the management of this and other Albula species. Despite these fisheries being catch-and-release, bonefish fishing may be unsustainable due to the high post-release mortality, particularly in areas that are rich in predators. Therefore, protected areas or limitations on fishing effort need to be considered.

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Campling, Liam. "The EU-centred commodity chain in canned tuna and upgrading in Seychelles." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2012. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/15948/.

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Global commodity chain (GCC) and related frameworks have generated a rich empirical literature on production-consumption linkages in the world economy. To date, there are few comprehensive studies on GCCs in fisheries products. This thesis investigates the EU-centred commodity chain in canned tuna, and interrogates three major themes in the literature: chain governance by 'lead' firms, regulatory mechanisms, and 'upgrading'. Part I traces historical and contemporary 'economic' dynamics, namely horizontal and vertical competitive relations among firms in the fishing (Chapter 2) and manufacturing, branding and retail (Chapter 3) nodes. It shows how the environmental conditions of extraction shape the commodity chain; that highly capital intensive fishing firms are not chain 'drivers'; and that chain governance emanates primarily from supermarkets and canned tuna branded-firms. Part II examines the 'political' dimensions of the chain through the mechanisms regulating resource access by EU fishing firms (Chapter 4) and the EU-centred canned tuna trade, especially with the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) states (Chapter 5). It argues that inter-state and state-firm relations shape the cost structure and economic geography of the EU-centred chain both historically and today. Part III combines the 'economic' and the 'political' through a case study of upgrading in Seychelles, one of the most important tuna transhipment/ landing hubs and sites of canned tuna production. It investigates the strategies of Seychelles governments to upgrade in the fishing and canning nodes of the chain and their developmental effects. Upgrading is explored as a combination of structural, environmental and conjunctural dynamics, including those of domestic Seychelles politics. The thesis concludes that environmental conditions of production, the historical formation of chains, and unequal relations between and within states and firms are important lacunae in GCC and related frameworks.

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Leste, Andre. "The socialisation of young people in the National Youth Service of Seychelles." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384808.

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Notter, Jean-Cyrille. "Toponymie des îles créoles de l’océan Indien." Thesis, La Réunion, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LARE0020/document.

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Territoires français à la fin du XVIIIe siècle, les archipels des Mascareignes, Seychelles et Chagos ont connu un destin politique différent. L’ensemble de ce vaste espace insulaire, La Réunion exceptée, est devenu anglophone. On fait pourtant un constat essentiel, paradoxal en apparence : ces îles ont aujourd’hui encore une toponymie majoritairement francophone. Cette constatation est à l’origine de cette recherche, appuyée sur la constitution d’une base de données thématique et géo-référencée d’environ 6600 toponymes. À l’aide de cet outil, ce corpus toponymique est analysé suivant plusieurs critères, tels que les langues, les valeurs sémantiques, les natures et importances des éléments désignés et de la répartition spatiale. La question de l’appropriation et l’évolution des toponymes est également abordée et analysée. Ce travail constitue une base, évolutive et ouverte, pour des travaux complémentaires ultérieurs
French territories in the late eighteenth century, the archipelagos of Mascarene, Seychelles and Chagos experienced a different political destiny. All of these islands except Reunion became English-speaking. Yet today, we make an essential observation, paradoxical in appearance: these islands still have a mostly French-speaking toponymy. This ascertainment is at the origin of this research supported by a thematic and georeferenced database of about 6600 place names. Thanks to this tool, an analyse has been carried according to several criteria such as the languages, the semantic values, the natures and importance of designated elements and the spatial distribution. The question about appropriation and evolution of place names is also examined and analysed. This work constitutes a base, open and evolutive, for further works

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Confait, Marie-Reine. "Langues en contact en milieu insulaire. Le trilinguisme seychellois : créole, anglais, français." Thesis, La Réunion, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LARE0031/document.

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Cette recherche cherche à confirmer notre hypothèse sur les écarts entre les statuts constitutionnels des langues seychelloises (créole, anglais et français) et leurs usages dans la pratique. Elle présente la répartition des fonctions, des rôles et des usages linguistiques dans les institutions clés selon leur status et corpus d'après le modèle de Chaudenson (2004). Elle étudie les relations entre les attitudes, représentations et comportements linguistiques des locuteurs et analyse les lignes d'intervention en termes d'aménagement linguistiques et de décisions glottopolitiques. Cette thèse offre une documentation exhaustive sur l'histoire des politiques linguistiques seychelloises de l'époque coloniale jusqu'à nos jours. Pour vérifier notre hypothèse, nous avons mené 4 enquêtes (entretiens et questionnaires) impliquant une population de 689 personnes comprenant des hauts fonctionnaires, des enseignants et des élèves. Les résultats des enquêtes confirment que les pratiques des locuteurs ne sont pas en conformité avec la loi constitutionnelle relative aux langues. Ils montrent que le trilinguisme seychellois entraîne une triglossie hiérarchisée à différents degrés où chaque langue trouve son « créneau » en fonction des situations d'usages, des représentations et des compétences des locuteurs. Enfin, cette recherche montre que le trilinguisme seychellois reflète un modèle harmonieux où coexiste une complémentarité des fonctions des langues
This research sets out to test the hypothesis on the disparity between the constitutional status of the languages of the Seychelles (Creole, English and French) and their usage. lt shows the distribution of languages in key institutions in relation to Chaudenson's description of status and corpus (2004). lt examines the relationship between linguistic attitudes and representations and behaviour and analyses strategies related to language management and glottopolitical decisions. This thesis presents an exhaustive documentation on the history of linguistic policies in Seychelles from colonial times to the present. To support our hypothesis, 4 surveys (interviews and questionnaires) were conducted with a sample population of 689 persons comprising high ranking government officiais, teachers and students. Results from these surveys show that the speakers' pratices are not in line with the Constitutional lawwith regards to languages. They illustrate that the Seychelles trilingual context involves a stratified triglossia at different levels whereby each language finds its « slot » in relation to contextual usage, representations and speakers' competence. Finally, this research suggests that Seychelles' trilingualism exists in an harmonious way where a complementarity of language functions is the norm

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Henry, Anifa Willise. "La littérature de jeunesse en classe de FLE aux Seychelles : l'élaboration d'une séquence didactique pour l'enseignement de la compréhension en lecture et du lexique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27475.

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Bien que le français soit l’une des trois langues nationales des Seychelles, elle demeure la moins maitrisée et la moins pratiquée par la population. Dans les écoles secondaires, en particulier, les pratiques d’enseignement du français ne sont pas toujours cohérentes par rapport aux prescriptions ministérielles. En effet, nous avons constaté que malgré que la lecture des textes littéraires soit inscrite au programme de français, elle n’est pas enseignée dans les écoles. Pourtant, celle-ci pourrait contribuer à l’apprentissage du français des jeunes Seychellois. Dans ce mémoire de maitrise, nous explorons les rôles de la littérature de jeunesse dans les classes de français langue étrangère (FLE). Considérant le niveau des élèves en français et de l’absence de ce genre littéraire au programme dans les écoles secondaires, nous avons décidé de travailler à partir d’un album de jeunesse dans le but de développer la compréhension en lecture et la compétence lexicale chez les élèves de la première année du secondaire aux Seychelles. Loin d’être un simple livre avec des dessins, l’album est de plus en plus utilisé avec des enfants plus âgés (Giasson, 2014). C’est donc pour cette raison que nous pensons que ce genre littéraire pourrait susciter l’intérêt des élèves pour la lecture en français. Nous avons choisi l’approche de l’enseignement explicite pour élaborer une séquence d’enseignement, car il s’agit d’une méthode efficace qui met la compréhension des élèves au premier plan (Gauthier, Bissonnette et Richard, 2013). À travers la séquence, nous proposons aux enseignants différents types d’activités pour articuler l’enseignement de la compréhension en lecture à l’enseignement du lexique.
Although French is one of the three national languages of the Seychelles, it remains the least mastered and the least practised by the population. In secondary schools, in particular, the teaching practices are not always consistent to the ministerial requirements. In fact, we have noticed that even though the reading of literary texts is included in the French program, it is not taught in schools. Yet, it could contribute to the learning of French by Seychellois students. In this master’s thesis, we explore the roles of children’s literature in the teaching of French as a foreign language. Considering the level of students’ competency in French and the absence of the literary corpus in the secondary schools’ program, we have decided to work from an album (picture book) with the aim of developing reading comprehension and lexical competence of first year secondary school students of the Seychelles. Far from being a simple book with pictures, the album is more and more used with older children (Giasson, 2014). It is thus for that reason that we think that this literary genre could arouse the reading interest of students. We have chosen the explicit teaching approach to develop a teaching sequence as it is an effective teaching method that prioritises students’ comprehension (Gauthier, Bissonnette & Richard, 2013). Through this teaching sequence, we present to teachers different types of activities to articulate the teaching of reading comprehension to the teaching of lexicon.
Menm si Franse i enn parmi sa trwa lalang nasyonal ki annan Sesel, i reste lalang ki ganny mwen metrize e mwen pratike par lapopilasyon. Dan bann lekol segonder, an partikilye, lansennyman ek laprantisaz Franse pa toultan reflekte sa ki ganny preskrir par Minister Ledikasyon Sesel. Nou’n remarke ki menm si lektir literer i form parti progranm Franse, i pa ganny ansennyen dan lekol. Pourtan, i kapab fasilit laprantisaz Franse par nou bann zenn seselwa. Dan sa memwar, nou eksplor bann rol ki literatir zenes i kapab zwe dan laklas Franse. Vi ki nou bann zelev, an arivan dan lekol segonder, zot pa touzour annan en tre o nivo an Franse e vi ki dan lekol primer, zot pa’n aprann literatir, nou’n prefere swazir en albonm ki’n ganny fer spesyalman pour bann zenn pour nou devlop sa de konpetans swivan dan nou bann zelev premye lannen segonder : konpreansyon dan lektir ek konpetans leksikal. Sa zanr literer i plis ki en liv avek zimaz e i pe ganny servi bokou plis avek bann zelev pli aze (Giasson, 2014) e nou’n panse ki i ava kapab motiv nou bann zelev pour lir an Franse. Nou’n swazir en metod apele « lansennyman eksplisit » ki favoriz konpreansyon bann zelev avan tou (Gauthier, Bissonnette ek Richard, 2013) pour nou konstrir en sekans didaktik. Atraver sa sekans, nou ofer nou bann ansenyan diferan kalite aktivite ki kapab devlop konpetans dan lektir ek konpetans leksikal dan nou bann zelev.

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Farrèr, Claudia Hertach Martin. "Vegetation survey and GIS-based zonation of the Fond d'Albaretz Forest, Praslin, Seychelles." Zurich : ETH, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, ibz Institute of Integrative Biology Zurich, 2009. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=dipl&nr=458.

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Brouwer, Lyanne. "Cooperative breeding and density regulation in small island populations of the Seychelles warbler." [S.l. : Groningen : s.n. ; University Library of Groningen] [Host], 2007. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/304968013.

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Malan, G., DA Hagens, and QA Hagens. "Nesting success of White Terns and White-tailed Tropicbirds on Cousine Island, Seychelles." Ostrich, 2009. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001721.

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Introduction Seabird life history strategies are often characterised by high adult survival, delayed maturity at breeding, low clutch sizes and variable reproductive output (Schaffner 1990, Bowler et al. 2002, Hockey and Wilson 2003, Ramos et al. 2005). At low latitudes seabirds have small clutches, large eggs and long incubation and fledging periods (Hockey and Wilson 2003), and clutch size has been related to food availability and predation risk (Shea and Ricklefs 1996). Primary production in tropical marine ecosystems is generally considered to be low and seasonal, and food may be scarce, especially at oceanic islands (Hockey and Wilson 2003). Avian predators on small islands are generally few, but predators may be attracted to seabird eggs and chicks when large numbers of seabirds are breeding at high densities (Schaffner 1991, Hockey and Wilson 2003). Although most tropical islands are free of large indigenous mammalian predators, predation by smaller terrestrial predators like crabs and skinks occurs (Schaffner 1991, Ramos et al. 2005). Intra- and interspecific competition between breeding birds may also lower breeding success (Bowler et al. 2002, Ramos et al. 2005). Cousine Island is one of the smallest islands in the Seychelles archipelago. Seven tropical seabirds breed at the island; two of the least common are the White Tern Gygis alba and the White-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon lepturus. An estimated 1 000–1 500 pairs of White Terns and 450–850 pairs of White-tailed Tropicbirds breed on this island (Skerret et al. 2001). White Terns are tree-nesting birds that lay a single egg on an exposed fork or in an artificial structure, whereas White-tailed Tropicbirds are ground nesters that breed in a shady and sheltered crevice (Schaffner 1991, del Hoyo et al. 1996, Bowler and Pillay 2000). The incubation period of White Terns is 34–36 d (five weeks) and the nestling period 68 d (seven weeks), whereas the incubation period of the White-tailed Tropicbird is 40–42 d (six weeks) and the nestling period 77–85 d or 11–12 weeks (del Hoyo et al. 1996, Higgins and Davies 1996). Both species exhibit life-history traits specific to tropical island breeding. Each species has a clutch size of one and nesting success is generally low, from 30–50% for White-tailed Tropicbirds (Schaffner 1991, Ramos and Pacheco 2003) and 29–40% for White Terns (Vanderwerf 2003). The aim of this study was to compare the reproductive parameters of White Terns and White-tailed Tropicbirds on Cousine Island and investigate if egg or chick failures were associated with different stages of the incubation and nestling periods. The study also examined the associations between reproductive parameters and nest types (White Terns), the two monsoon seasons and nest reuse. We postulate reasons for observed differences in the measured parameters between the two species

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Vega, Luciana Barcelos. "The ecology and conservation of the Seychelles Fody or toc-toc Foudia sechellarum." Thesis, University of Reading, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427828.

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Janson, Elin, and Cathrin Långström. "The More the Merrier? : A Study of Sustainable Tourism Development in the Seychelles Islands." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för geografi, medier och kommunikation, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-27763.

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ABSTRACT The cost of doing nothing would be very high on the fragile national ecosystems andultimately on the society of the Seychelles. ’Seychelles National Report 2012 p55 This Minor Field Study, undertaken as a Bachelor’s thesis, aims to research the Seychelleswork with sustainable tourism development and its challenges. The study was conducted onsite for two months in cooperation with the Seychelles Tourism Board. The national strategyfor sustainable tourism development is intended to maintain the uniqueness of Seychelles.Seychelles has for over 30 years been a global leader in protecting biodiversity and naturalenvironment and 51 % of the total land area consists of conservation areas. On the otherhand, Seychelles main source of income is tourism, with 40 % of the inhabitants directly orindirectly depending on tourism. As one of our interviewees put it: “the more tourism, themerrier”. The country will get better infrastructure and more jobs because of it and howcould that spoil the environment? This study looks into hotels perceptions of sustainabledevelopment in the tourism industry, their work with sustainable practices and thoughtsconcerning ecolabelling. Results show dissatisfaction with the government and that betterenvironmental governance is needed. The recent rapid development of new hotels isbecoming a rather problematic situation due to higher competition, infrastructural problemsand lack of labour force. The interest in an eco label is high, although they believe it iscomplicated to implement and is perceived as expensive. On the other hand, hotels are moreor less working in a sustainable way already.Regardless of the sustainable tourism development initiative, our interviewees had afear that Seychelles is becoming a mass tourism destination. They demand that this trend bestopped. We ask therefore, is more really merrier?

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Rahemtulla, Y. G. "Environmental quality and tourism development in the Seychelles, an application of the stated preference method." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq28979.pdf.

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Canning, G., BK Reilly, and AS Dippenaar-Schoeman. "Aspects of the ecology and behaviour of the Seychelles theraphosid Nesiergus insulanus (Arachnida: Araneae: Theraphosidae)." African Invertebrates, 2015. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001979.

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Abstract Aspects of the ecology and life history of the little known theraphosid Nesiergus insulanus are determined on Frégate Island in the Seychelles archipelago. The general behaviour of this species is revealed to be comparable to that of other theraphosids, with field and captive observations establishing that they are a generalist and opportunistic species. The defensive behaviour of the species is determined to be based primarily on the avoidance of conflict situations, with overt aggressive behaviour seldom displayed. Although the opportunistic existence that this species has developed is probably obligatory due to their sedentary lifestyle and limited availability of resources, this behaviour nonetheless allows the species to occupy diverse habitats and exploit niches unavailable to more specialized species.

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Allard, Alexandra, and Charlotta Bauer. "The possible effects of the blue economy on gender equality in the Republic of Seychelles." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149795.

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In order to ensure the Earth’s future prosperity and welfare gender inequalities need to be tackled and our marine environment needs to be safeguarded. In this thesis we therefore evaluate the possible effects of a blue economy on gender equality in the Republic of Seychelles. Using a qualitative methodology, we have conducted 21 semi-structured interviews with a total of 35 respondents. These including people working at grassroots level, in non-governmental organisations and within the governmental bodies in Seychelles. In order to assist the collection and analysis of the data, we developed a theoretical model portraying in what ways the blue economy can affect gender equality in the country via three main components; maritime sustainability, technological innovation and new market and job opportunities. The empirical results demonstrate that the blue economy framework through these three components can affect gender equality, both in the short and long-term. If proven to be inclusive and implemented in the correct way, our findings portray that the blue economy will offer many opportunities. This affecting gender equality in diverse ways, with our main results showing that the concept will (i) help single mothers through factors such as increasing food security, water quality and new job opportunities; (ii) encouraging women to enter into more technological and/or male dominated fields; (iii) motivating boys to remain in school or help dropouts to venture into more practical fields.
För att säkerställa jordens framtida välstånd och välfärd måste ojämlikheter mellan könen åtgärdas och vår marina miljö skyddas. I denna uppsats så utvärderar vi därför de möjliga effekterna av en blå ekonomi på jämlikheten mellan könen i Republiken Seychellerna. Via ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt genomförde vi 21 semistrukturerade intervjuer med 35 respondenter. Dessa inkluderade individer som arbetar på gräsrotsnivå, i icke-statliga organisationer och inom de statliga organen i Seychellerna. För att förenkla insamlingen och analysen av data utvecklade vi en teoretisk modell som visar på vilka sätt en blå ekonomi kan påverka jämlikheten mellan män och kvinnor i landet via tre huvudkomponenter; marin hållbarhet, teknologisk utveckling och nya marknads- och arbetsmöjligheter. De empiriska resultaten visar på att en blå ekonomi kan, genom dessa tre komponenter, påverka jämlikheten mellan män och kvinnor på både kort och lång sikt. Om konceptet implementeras på rätt sätt samt inkluderar hela befolkningen, tyder våra resultat på att en blå ekonomi kommer erbjuda många möjligheter och påverka jämlikheten mellan könen på olika sätt. Våra huvudsakliga resultat visar att konceptet kan (i) hjälpa ensamstående mödrar genom att öka livsmedelsförsörjningen, kvaliteten på vatten och erbjuda nya arbetsmöjligheter; (ii) uppmuntra kvinnor att gå in i mer tekniska och/eller mansdominerade yrken; (iii) motivera pojkar att stanna kvar i skolan eller hjälpa de utsatta att hitta arbete i mer praktiska områden.

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Gilroy, Danielle. "Evolutionary forces shaping innate immune gene variation in a bottlenecked population of the Seychelles warbler." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2015. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/58552/.

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In this thesis, I investigated different evolutionary forces in shaping genetic variation within a bottlenecked population of an island species, the Seychelles warbler (Acrocephalus sechellensis). I specifically explore pathogen-mediated selection within this system by using avian beta-defensins and toll-like receptor genes to examine functional variation. First, I characterise variation within both gene groups in this population and show that this species’ demographic history has had an overriding effect on selection and random drift is the predominant evolutionary force. I characterise variation within these gene groups across several other Acrocephalus species, in addition to looking at a specific locus in a prebottlenecked population in order to directly compare genetic variation pre- and postbottleneck. I use population genetic statistical methods to detect selection at several polymorphic genes and evaluate the robustness of these methods when applied to singlelocus sequence data, which may be lacking in power and not meet the demographic assumptions that come with these tests. To overcome this, I designed forward-in-time simulations based on microsatellite markers used in pre- and post-bottleneck populations of the Seychelles warbler. I am able to delineate the evolutionary effects of selection from drift and show that some toll-like receptor genes are indeed under positive balancing selection in spite of the recent bottleneck. I further explore how this variation is maintained by conducting association analyses investigating innate immune gene variation and its relationship with individual survival and malarial susceptibility / resistance. Environmental factors are also considered. By investigating the consequences of functional variation in a bottlenecked species we are able to assess its long-term viability and adaptive potential, whilst elucidating the evolutionary importance of maintaining genetic variation in natural populations.

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Nicholls, Peter A. "'The door to the coast of Africa' : the Seychelles in the Mascarene slave trade, 1770-1830." Thesis, University of Kent, 2018. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/67029/.

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Rejecting the customary scholarly distinction between legal and illegal slave trades, this research explores the relationship between the Seychelles islands and the south- western Indian Ocean's slave trade to the Mascarenes from the time of the Seychelles' colonisation in 1770 to the demise of the slave trade in c. 1830. The work begins by locating the French colonisation of the Seychelles within the context of the changing dynamics of the trade, specifically the shift from Madagascar to Mozambique as the primary supplier of slaves for the Mascarenes and the growing slave-exporting role of the Swahili coast at the end of the eighteenth century. When set against this backdrop, the colonisation of the Seychelles appears in a novel light, and the thesis advances the argument that - contrary to what has commonly been assumed - slave trading ambitions and activity were central to the settlement project. Since growing numbers of slaving voyages between East Africa and Mauritius and Réunion made use of the Seychelles in subsequent decades, the dissertation next turns its attention to discussing the socio-economic life of early Seychellois and, specifically, the various services which they provided to slavers. It is here demonstrated that the Seychelles were used as a provisioning station and, most important of all, as a sanatorium for passing slaves. The Seychelles could perform this latter function - and thus impact on slave mortality rates during sea crossings - thanks to the presence of small islands which were employed as quarantine stations, the availability of clean water and the abundance of wild food sources, especially tortoise and turtle meat. The intermediary role of the Seychelles is shown to have increased in the aftermath of the British takeover and the subsequent criminalisation of the slave trade in 1810. Following repressive measures in the 1820s, the Seychelles became the centre of a wide-ranging smuggling network that drew on the outer islands of the archipelago to move East African and Malagasy slaves predominantly to Réunion. The inner islands, for their part, were more central to the large-scale abuse of the so-called ̳transfer system', which resulted in thousands of newly purchased slaves being imported into Mauritius following a period of acclimatisation in the Seychelles. The thesis' overarching argument is that the Seychelles were much more significant to the slave trade of the Mascarenes than has been previously assumed and that, were it not for the Seychelles, such trade might not have expanded as rapidly as it did in both geographical and demographic terms.

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Filmalter, John David. "Movements of sub-adult sicklefin lemon sharks Negaprion acutidens in a remote Indian Ocean atoll." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018229.

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The sicklefin lemon shark Negaprion acutidens is a large-bodied (> 3m) coastal shark species, widely distributed in tropical and sub-tropical Indo-Pacific waters. Despite its large size and wide distribution, very little is known about its movement behaviour throughout ontogeny. The primary aim of this thesis was to gain an understanding of the movements of sub-adult N. acutidens, in and around the St. Joseph Atoll, Republic of Seychelles, to facilitate the effective conservation of this vulnerable species. A total of 22 sharks (139 – 202 cm TL) were equipped with coded acoustic transmitters and passively monitored using moored acoustic receivers for a period of 20 month from March 2009 to October 2010. The use of passive acoustic telemetry arrays to study behavioural ecology has increased in popularity in recent years and been successfully applied to study a host of teleost and elasmobranch species in a diversity of habitats, ranging from sheltered estuaries to the offshore pelagic environment. However, the practicalities of designing an effective network of receivers to optimally monitor animal movements can be challenging. In this study the receiver array was optimised through a series of incremental steps to achieve an efficient design that allowed for the specific objectives to be addressed. The specific objectives of this study were to i) gain an understanding of the long term space use patterns and site fidelity of sub-adult N. acutidens within degree of use of the St. Joseph Atoll lagoon and surrounding habitats, and ii) investigate their short term behavioural patterns in response to natural rhythmic cycles. The important role the atoll plays in the sub-adult stage of this species was demonstrated by the very low numbers of detections outside the atoll compared to the very large numbers of detections inside the atoll. Over the course of a year the tagged sharks showed a high degree of site fidelity to the atoll, with 79 – 100% of the individuals detected during each month and 50% being detected on a near daily basis. This result provides testimony of the nursery role of the atoll and importance of these habitats in the early life history for this species. Individual area use was generally found to be restricted to the eastern part of the atoll incorporating a portion of the central deep lagoon and a nearby adjacent area of the sand flats. The movements of sub-adult N. acutidens on and off of the shallow flats surrounding the central lagoon (likely for foraging) were found to be strongly influenced by the tidal height and the diel cycle. Tagged sharks were found to utilise the flats more regularly when the tidal height was greater than 90 cm and particularly more so during the night and early morning than during daylight times. The combined results of this study expose the vulnerability of this species to rapid local depletion. Similarly, the effectiveness of spatial management measures, such as no-take marine protected areas is highlighted as an efficient tool for the future conservation of this species. In the St. Joseph Atoll in particular, the use of a multi-levelled protection approach, where the eastern portion on the atoll is completely restricted while the remaining area is utilized for non-consumptive tourism activities, could be highly effective. Future research should investigate changes in area use throughout the ontogeny of this species as well improve the understanding of the breeding site fidelity and population size of reproductive females using the St. Joseph Atoll.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'The Seychelles'

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