Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'The side picking unit'

This Diploma thesis deals with design of the drive and frame of the face and side picking unit of the Multitower storage system, and deals with their strength analysis. The first part of the thesis is the research part and deals with the picking unit´s conception, power options, drive solutions, carriage and safety elements. The thesis also deals with the solution of the wheel´s passive resistance, drive and brakes of both picking units. There are designed appropriate solutions on the basis of the results. The final part of the thesis contains the description of the picking unit structure and the strength analysis.

Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: PEP is a devision of Pepkor Retail Limited and is the biggest single brand store network in Southern Africa and also owns and runs the largest clothing factory in Southern Africa. It was founded in 1965 and has since grown to more than 1 400 stores in 9 African countries (there is a PEP store in almost every town and village in South Africa). Currently the warehouse management system (WMS) implemented by PEP only allows for a stock keeping unit (SKU) to be placed on one picking line in one location when the distribution list (DBN) is released. Because pickers are only allowed to walk clockwise around the conveyor belt, they are forced to pass a location at least the same number of times as the number of branches to which the SKU is to be distributed to. Therefore if the SKUs with the highest pick frequency can be assigned to 2 locations (it is duplicating the SKU), the number of times each of these locations must be passed may be reduced. In this study 4 questions are considered when 15 algorithms are constructed that will determine how an algorithm assign the SKUs to picking lines. Question 1 determines whether the original picking lines are to be treated separately (PS) or to combine them rst (PC). The second question is to decide if the SKUs are rst to be duplicated and then assigned to picking lines (DA) or if they are rst assigned to picking lines and then duplicated (AD). Question 3 determines whether the non-duplicate and duplicate SKUs are treated separately (ND) or simultaneously (S) when they are assigned to the picking lines. The nal question is to specify how the SKUs are assigned to the picking lines. Three assignment methods (cyclical, set length subset sequential assignment, remaining high, low cyclical assignment) and 6 clustering algorithms are introduced. The conclusion is made that the SKUs with the highest pick frequency is duplicated rst to yield the biggest saving in the number of cycles. Between 40{70% of the SKUs should be duplicated, dependant on the algorithm used. The only decision that has a major in uence on the number of cycles is the assignment method used. Algorithm 5 and 8 yielded the greatest saving in the number of cycles (40.7% and 39.8% respectively), both implementing set length subset sequential assignment, followed by the clustering algorithms.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: PEP is 'n afdeling van Pepkor Retail Limited en is die grootste enkel-handelsmerk winkelnetwerk in Suidelike Afrika. PEP besit en bestuur ook die grootste klerefabriek in Suidelike Afrika. PEP is gestig in 1965 en het sedertien gegroei tot meer as 1 400 winkels in 9 Afrika lande (daar is 'n PEP winkel in amper elke dorp in Suid-Afrika). Op die oomblik laat die pakhuisbestuurstelsel, wat deur PEP in sy distribusie sentrum ge mplementeer word, slegs toe dat voorraadeenhede (VEs) in 'n enkele vakkie langs 'n enkele uitsoeklyn geplaas word. Aangesien werkers slegs toegelaat word om kloksgewys om die vervoerband te beweeg, word hulle gedwing om ten minste soveel keer verby elke vakkie in die uitsoeklyn te loop as wat die aantal winkels is waarna die VEs in daardie vakkie versprei moet word. Dus indien die vakkies wat die VEs bevat wat na die meeste winkels versprei moet word, tussen 2 vakkies verdeel word (die VE word gedupliseer), verminder die aantal kere wat beide vakkies besoek moet word. In hierdie studie word 4 vrae beskou wat geantwoord moet word wanneer die 15 algoritmes opgestel word, wat sal bepaal hoe die algoritme die VEs hanteer. Vraag 1 bepaal of die oorspronklike uitsoeklyne wat deur PEP verskaf is apart hanteer word en of hulle eers gekombineer moet word. Die tweede vraag bepaal of die VEs eers gedupliseer word en dan aan die onderskeie uitsoeklyne toegedeel word en of die VEs eers aan die uitsoeklyne toegedeel word en dan gedupliseer word. Vraag 3 is slegs van toepassing wanneer die VEs eers gedupliseer word en dan toegedeel word aan die uitsoeklyne, en bepaal of die nie-gedupliseerde en gedupliseerde VEs apart of gelyktydig hanteer word. Die laaste vraag spesi seer met behulp van watter metode die VEs toegedeel word aan die onderskeie uitsoeklyne. Drie toedelingsmetodes (sikliese toedeling, vaste lengte subversameling opeenvolgende toedeling, oorblywende hoogste/laagste sikliese toedeling) en 6 bondelalgoritmes word voorgestel. Die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat die VEs met die hoogste uitsoek frekwensie eerste gedupliseer moet word om die grootste besparing mee te bring in die aantal siklusse om al die VEs uit te soek. Tussen 40{70% van die VEs moet gedupliseer word afhangende van die algoritme wat gebruik word. Die enigste besluit wat 'n noemenswaardige invloed op die aantal siklusse het is die toedelingsmetode. Algoritme 5 en 8 lewer die grootste besparing in die aantal siklusse (40.7% en 39.8% onderskeidelik), beide implementeer die vaste lengte subversameling opeenvolgende toedeling, gevolg deur die bondelalgoritmes.

Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 25).
Polycarbonates have long been studied for their excellent mechanical toughness. Adding side units to polycarbonate could increase physical properties of the polymer. The role of triptycene in polycarbonate was studied by adding a low concentration of triptycene-containing polymer chains, and using compression testing. The triptycene polycarbonate was a blend created from two separate products. Differential Scanning Calorimetry was used to determine if the samples had phase separated. Thermal degradation of the samples was checked for using Thermogravimetric Analysis. Results indicated that triptycene-containing polycarbonates had higher compressive yield strengths than non-triptycene polycarbonates. The polymers were stronger due to the interlocking mechanism and the steric hindrance of the triptycene units. The design of strengthening polymers by adding triptycene units could prove useful to improve high performing polymers, or to give low molecular weight polymers more stability.
by Douglas Fraser.
S.B.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
Conscious sedation or moderate sedation and analgesia is an effective and popular alternative option for procedures outside the operating theater. If conscious sedation is a viable alternative to general anaesthesia then we as sedation practitioners must use safe sedation techniques in facilities that meet all the requirements for safe practice. Three studies were done to determine the safety and efficacy of conscious sedation outside the operating theatre. In the first study post sedation satisfaction in one hundred children aged 3-9 years was evaluated. It was extremely important to determine whether the combination of midazolam, ketamine and propofol, called an advanced sedation technique (SASA, 2015), can be safely used for paediatric sedation outside the operating theatre. The incidence of side-effects after conscious sedation using multiple drugs were documented. It is clear that intravenous sedation with midazolam, ketamine and propofol is safe and effective to use. There may be side effects but they are not long lasting and usually not life-threatening. In the second study intravenous sedation was administered to 447 adults (aged 18 years and older) using fentanyl (sublimazeR), ketamine (ketalar), midazolam (dormicum) and propofol (Diprivan) (FKMP) called an advanced sedation technique. Post sedation satisfaction, post sedation recovery on arrival home, and the relationship between side effects and different dental procedures were evaluated. The results of the study show that side effects are possible, and can be expected, when we use sedative and analgesic drugs for sedation. However, we report a low incidence of side effects when we compare it with other studies in literature as mentioned. It is known that the use of combinations of drugs may cause unforeseen synergistic pharmacological effects which can be lifethreatening. Our results show that the drugs used can be safely used for advanced sedation techniques. In trying to demonstrate the safety of sedative and analgesic agents used during sedation we looked at the haemodynamic parameters, duration of sedation, pulse rate and systolic blood pressure, in the third study. The sedation records of 335 patients for dental surgery were assessed for the period 2010 – 2011. Our results show the mean Duration of sedation is substantially and statistically significantly greater with combination FKMP than with the other combinations. The mean duration of sedation is not significantly different between ketamine and propofol (KP) and fentanyl, ketamine and propofol (FKP) (Figure 10). The use of polypharmacy regarding the combination of drugs, specifically FKMP, will cause a longer duration of sedation. This has implications for safety, as well as the side effect profile during and after sedation. When we use combinations of drugs patients were more comfortable which shows that we do not yet have a single drug that has all the characteristics of an ideal drug for sedation. Different combinations of drugs are used by other practitioners with a higher incidence of side effects. It is difficult to explain the higher values of blood pressures when all four drugs were used. It may have been a ketamine effect, although one would not expect this when using propofol with ketamine. In clinical terms the higher blood pressures are no reason for concern as all our patients were classified as ASA I and II. Our research study support the view that ketamine can be used safely outside the operating theatre with exciting possibilities for Third World countries for procedures outside the operating theatre. Sedation can be considered a reasonable alternative to general anaesthesia for certain surgical procedures in the Third World. Sedation will be an attractive option not only as far as costs are involved but also the availability of sedation providers. The important lesson from all the results is that sedation providers must be trained in procedural sedation as defined by all international sedation guidelines. We proved in this research study that sedation can be done safely, however we need to make a contribution to train sedation providers. Sedation will become an attractive alternative to general anaesthesia because of the low side-effect profile and high patient satisfaction. It is interesting that few studies are available that looked at this aspect of sedation. It is clear that a high side-effect profile can contribute to an unsafe sedation technique. Severe nausea and vomiting can cause numerous haemodynamic disturbances and dehydration. Our research study support the findings of the study by Lapere et al., (2015) that there is a high rate of patient satisfaction, and a low side-effect profile during and after sedation. This is an extremely important research study and the results are crucial as far as an option for healthcare in developing countries. Sub-Saharan Africa is a densely populated and resource poor subcontinent that provides unique challenges in patient care. These challenges include a lack of facilities and staff for the performance of operative as well as non-operative procedures. In conclusion, we feel that we are part of Sub-Saharan Africa with all the problems mentioned as far as provision of healthcare is concerned. This research study can make a crucial contribution to safe and cost-effective management of healthcare in Africa for procedures outside the operating theatre.

Industries have adopted a standardized set of practices for developing their products. In the automotive domain, the provision of safety-compliant systems is guided by ISO 26262, a standard that specifies a set of requirements and recommendations for developing automotive safety-critical systems. For being in compliance with ISO 26262, the safety lifecycle proposed by the standard must be included in the development process of a vehicle. Besides, a safety case that shows that the system is acceptably safe has to be provided. The provision of a safety case implies the execution of a precise documentation process. This process makes sure that the work products are available and traceable. Further, the documentation management is defined in the standard as a mandatory activity and guidelines are proposed/imposed for its elaboration. It would be appropriate to point out that a well-documented safety lifecycle will provide the necessary inputs for the generation of an ISO 26262-compliant safety case. The OSLC (Open Services for Lifecycle Collaboration) standard and the maturing stack of semantic web technologies represent a promising integration platform for enabling semantic interoperability between the tools involved in the safety lifecycle. Tools for requirements, architecture, development management, among others, are expected to interact and shared data with the help of domains specifications created in OSLC.This thesis proposes the creation of an OSLC tool-chain infrastructure for sharing safety-related information, where fragments of safety information can be generated. The steps carried out during the elaboration of this master thesis consist in the identification, representation, and shaping of the RDF resources needed for the creation of a safety case. The focus of the thesis is limited to a tiny portion of the ISO 26262 left-hand side of the V-model, more exactly part 6 clause 8 of the standard:  Software unit design and implementation. Regardless of the use of a restricted portion of the standard during the execution of this thesis, the findings can be extended to other parts, and the conclusions can be generalize.This master thesis is considered one of the first steps towards the provision of an OSLC-based and ISO 26262-compliant methodological approach for representing and shaping the work products resulting from the execution of the safety lifecycle, documentation required in the conformation of an ISO-compliant safety case.
Espresso 2
Gen&ReuseSafetyCases

The aim of this diploma thesis is to design the control picking unit for the storage system Multitower. This work deals with the storage of rods, safety requirements and design of structures. The design part solves the actuator design, choice of chain tensioning system and torque transmission. The strength analysis of important components is solved in last part.

La localisation précise des véhicules et la sécurité des échanges sont deux grands axes qui font la fiabilité des services fournis dans les systèmes de transport intelligent. Ces dernières années, elles font l’objet de nombreux projets de recherche pour des champs d’application divers. Dans cette thèse, le contexte d’application est la réalisation d’un service de télépéage utilisant la technologie ITS-G5. Cette technologie de communication sans-fil permet dans un premier temps le partage des informations de sécurité routière entre les véhicules (V2V), le véhicule et l’infrastructure (V2I). Dans cette thèse, on propose une architecture permettant d’échanger des transactions de télépéage utilisant les équipements communicants en ITS-G5 embarqués dans les véhicules connectés et les unités bord de route (UBR) de l’infrastructure. Les problématiques de nos travaux de recherche se concentrent sur la méthode de localisation des véhicules ayant effectué la transaction afin de pouvoir la valider et sur la sécurité de l’architecture proposée pour assurer l’échange de cette transaction. Afin de bien localiser les véhicules lors du passage au péage, notre approche propose la compréhension de la cinématique du véhicule par une modélisation adéquate à partir des données recueillies dans les messages coopératifs (CAM : Cooperative Awareness Message) en approche du péage. Cela améliorera les informations de géolocalisation déjà présentes. Notre objectif est d’arriver à une précision de moins d’un mètre pour distinguer 2 véhicules adjacents. D’autre part, le protocole de sécurité proposé permet d’assurer l’authentification des équipements participant à l’échange et à la validation de la transaction, l’intégrité des données échangées ainsi que la confidentialité des échanges compte tenu du contexte de communication sans-fil et de la sensibilité des données échangées. Une preuve de concept de la solution de télépéage utilisant la technologie ITS-G5 est développée et intègre nos deux contributions
The precise localization of vehicles and the security of communication are requirements that make almost of the services provided in intelligent transport systems (ITS) more reliable. In recent years, they have been the subject of numerous research projects for various fields of application. In this thesis, the context is the development of an electronic toll service using the ITS-G5 technology. This wireless communication technology initially allows the sharing of traffic safety information between vehicles (V2V), vehicle and infrastructure (V2I). In our work, we propose a tolling application using equipment operating in ITS-G5 embedded in the connected vehicles and roadside units. For this, ensuring both precise geolocation of the vehicles and security of communication are required to validate the transaction.In order to properly locate the vehicles during the toll crossing, our approach is based on the understanding of the kinematics of the vehicle through a suitable modeling from the data collected in the cooperative messages (called CAM: Cooperative Awareness Message). This approach aims to improve the geolocation information already present in the message. Our goal is to achieve vehicle localization with an accuracy lower than one meter to distinguish two adjacent vehicles. On the other hand, the proposed tolling protocol ensures the authentication of the equipment or entities involved in the exchange and the validation of the transaction, the integrity of the transmitted data as well as the confidentiality of the communication. In this way, we take into account the context of the wireless communication and the sensitivity of the exchanged data. Our two contributions are integrated in the implemented Proof of Concept of the tolling application using the ITS-G5 technology

L'insertion sur autoroute est un défi pour réaliser une conduite entièrement automatisée (Niveau 4 de conduite autonome). La combinaison des technologies de communication et de conduite autonome, qui sous-tend la notion de Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAV), peut améliorer considérablement les performances de sécurité lors de l'insertion sur autoroute. Cependant, même avec l'émergence des véhicules CAVs, certaines contraintes clés doivent être prises en compte afin de réaliser une insertion sécurisée sur autoroute. Tout d'abord, les véhicules conduits par des conducteurs humains seront toujours présents sur la route, et il faudra peut-être des décennies avant que tous les véhicules commercialisés ne soient entièrement autonomes et connectés. Aussi, les capteurs embarqués des véhicules peuvent fournir des données inexactes ou incomplètes en raison des limites des capteurs et des angles morts, en particulier dans de telles situations de conduite critiques. Afin de résoudre ces problèmes, la présente thèse propose une nouvelle solution utilisant une unité de bord de route (Road-Side Unit (RSU)) permettant une insertion entièrement automatisée sur autoroute pour véhicules connectés et automatisés. Notre approche est basée sur un réseau de neurones artificiels (ANN) pour prédire l'intention des conducteurs. Cette prédiction est utilisée comme état d'entrée pour un agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) qui fournit l'accélération longitudinale pour le véhicule qui s'insère. Afin d'y parvenir, nous montrons d'abord comment l'unité Road-Side Unit peut-être utilisée pour améliorer la perception dans la zone d'insertion sur autoroute. Ensuite, nous proposons un modèle de reconnaissance d'intention du conducteur qui peut prédire le comportement des véhicules conduits par des conducteurs humains sur la voie principale de l'autoroute, avec une précision de 99%. Nous utilisons la sortie de ce modèle comme état d'entrée pour entrainer un agent Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients (TD3) qui apprend une politique de conduite « sûre » et « coopérative » pour effectuer l'insertion sur autoroute. Nous montrons que notre stratégie de prise de décision améliore les performances par rapport aux solutions proposées dans l'état de l'art
Merging in the highway on-ramp is a significant challenge toward realizing fully automated driving (level 4 of autonomous driving). The combination of communication technology and autonomous driving technology, which underpins the notion of Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs), may improve greatly safety performances when performing highway on-ramp merging. However, even with the emergence of CAVs vehicles, some keys constraints should be considered to achieve a safe on-ramp merging. First, human-driven vehicles will still be present on the road, and it may take decades before all the commercialized vehicles will be fully autonomous and connected. Also, on-board vehicle sensors may provide inaccurate or incomplete data due to sensors limitations and blind spots, especially in such critical situations. To resolve these issues, the present thesis introduces a novel solution that uses an off-board Road-Side Unit (RSU) to realize fully automated highway on-ramp merging for connected and automated vehicles. Our proposed approach is based on an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to predict drivers’ intentions. This prediction is used as an input state to a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agent that outputs the longitudinal acceleration for the merging vehicle. To achieve this, we first show how the road-side unit may be used to enhance perception in the on-ramp zone. We then propose a driver intention model that can predict the behavior of the human-driven vehicles in the main highway lane, with 99% accuracy. We use the output of this model as an input state to train a Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients (TD3) agent that learns « safe » and « cooperative » driving policy to perform highway on-ramp merging. We show that our proposed decision-making strategy improves performance compared to the solutions proposed previously

碩士
國立臺北科技大學
工業工程與管理系
106
Many people nowadays use the car as a means of transport, but drivers are most afraid of driving the following conditions, such as traffic congestion or accidents may obstruct the smooth flow of vehicles. At this time, the Road Side Unit (RSU) plays an important role. By collecting traffic information and conducting traffic analysis, these messages are notified to drivers via broadcast in advance so that they have enough time to prepare. How to deploy Road Side Units is one of the most important research topics in recent years. This study introduces the Road Side Unit and their communication technologies , discuss how to maximize the area covered by the Road Side Unit and minimize the cost of the Road Side Unit for optimal coverage performance. This study simulates several different deployment methods to find the best results by comparison.

博士
大同大學
機械工程學系(所)
97
Liquid crystal display (LCD) has been widely utilized in display products. For thinner, high brightness and high uniformity requirements of LED backlight unit, this research provides the integrated backlight unit of side view LED. In study of backlight elements, the microprism structure, the micropyramid structure, a diffusive film and a high reflectivity thin-film on MEMS-based are fabricated on the integrated backlight unit and the five optical films of traditional backlight unit are replaced. The above 80% luminous uniformity can be achieved in the integrated backlight unit. In future, the integrated backlight unit could be applied in development of thin-film LCD. The C-like structure and the high reflectivity film based on micromachining technology is utilized as the side view LED fitting to make propagating-line emitting. For solving hot spot and shadow phenomenon, BM-7 optical measurement system is used to measure the luminance and the 16000 cd/m2 of average luminance can be achieved. Therefore, the C-like linear fitting could be reduced LEDs numbers.

碩士
雲林科技大學
資訊工程研究所
98
This thesis focuses on the design of communication strategies between vehicles to roadside unit (V2R). We assume the V2R is operation in highway environment. Each vehicle may carry high-priority data, low-priority data, or high/low-priority simultaneously. Once the vehicle moves to the signal coverage range of RSU, the carried data in each vehicle must be uploaded to the RSU. For reducing the contentions among vehicles within the signal coverage range of RSU, the IEEE 802.11 PCF MAC protocol cooperating with scheduling algorithm in RSU is used to guarantee the high-priority data in vehicle can be uploading to RSU. In the IEEE 802.11 PCF MAC, the bandwidth is divided into two parts: contention-free period and contention period. The scenario of V2R communication in this thesis is that the vehicle sends the bandwidth request packet to the RSU during the contention period. After collecting all of bandwidth request packets, based on the scheduling algorithm the RSU assigns the bandwidth to the vehicle to upload its carried data to RSU. In this thesis, an adaptive contention window (CW) scheme is applied in vehicle to reduce the signal collision to improve the channel utilization during the contention period. That is the vehicle carried high-priority data has a smaller CW value. Thus, the vehicle carried high priority data has a higher probability to sent the bandwidth request packet to RSU. According to the vehicular bandwidth requesting, a scheduling algorithm cooperated with linear programming technique is applied in RSU for deriving a suitable bandwidth allocation scheme to maximize the number of success data uploading rate from vehicle to RSU and minimize the high-priority data loss rate (can’t success upload to RSU). Moreover, for further evaluation the proposed scheme, we develop a simulation model with C langurage to compare the performance of the proposed scheme with other schemes. The simulation results reveal that the proposed scheme has a good performance in term of success data uploading rate.

碩士
國立成功大學
資訊工程學系
103
In recent years, the increasing number of vehicles has become one of the main contributors to the increased emissions of greenhouse gas in addition to the associated traffic congestion. The Green ITS adopted Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) techniques to construct wireless networks among and between vehicles and Road Side Units (RSU) and also to communicate with cloud computing technology in order to improve traffic conditions. This paper is aimed at to developing middleware for a Road Side Unit (RSU). In this paper, the development of the core modules of the middleware inside an RSU is discussed. The modules to be developed include communication management, the traffic event identification and warning system, traffic policy management and remote management. An RSU transmits traffic-related messages to vehicles, the cloud computing system and other neighboring RSUs. It also has traffic-event identification and warning system to warn drivers about emergency events and locations. On the road, when a traffic accident or emergency event occurs, it may affect an entire intersection and reduce driving efficiency. RSUs can provide an early warning to drivers by used this traffic event identification and warning system. In addition, RSUs also control the traffic signals according to the traffic conditions and can also be managed by a remote client. Finally, the implemented RSU is ported to an embedded platform Pandaboard ES. We test the communication performance between the RSU and OBU (on board unit) and also test the communication performance between the RSU and the cloud control center. We test the traffic event identification and warning system as well as the handling ability and durability of the RSU. The experimental results showed that the RSU can provide and early warning to a simulated OBU about an emergency event used the traffic event identification and warning system. The experimental results for the handling ability and durability of the RSU indicated that the RSU can handle more than 5000 simulated OBUs at the same time and works fine for more than a month.

M.Ing.
A steady-state model was developed to predict the performance of the highpressure side' of vapour-compression air-conditioning systems. The model consists of two segments; the compressor model and condenser model. The compressor model consists of a single empirical equation, for reciprocating compressors, operating with R-22, and having a cooling capacity from 2.6 to 3.5 kW. An important advantage of the approach is that the compressor performance indexes are based on operating conditions. The condenser model displays an exact method to determine physical dimensions of heat exchangers, and a simple, accurate manner to calculate the heat transfer variables. The correctness of the condensing temperature is obtained by an iterative procedure, using terms from both the compressor and condenser studies. The feasibility of the proposed model is demonstrated via a comparison with experimental data and a simulation study. Results indicate a good correlation between the mathematical model and its counterparts.

碩士
聖約翰科技大學
電子工程系碩士班
103
In the conventional parking management system for home or community, the drivers of vehicles mostly use the wireless remote controller or RFID card to open the gate by identification when they enter into or exit from the parking lot. However, it is inconvenient for operation even these two approaches are simple and easy. Parking management system based on infrared transmission can offer the vehicles to enter into or exit from the parking lot automatically without any manual operation, however, it exists sunlight interference and signal interference due to that the infrared TX and RX modules at the conventional road side (RSU) are installed on the same position and their faces are toward down. For solving the above problems, in this thesis we propose an infrared-based parking management system using split TX/RX installation at road side. By experimental verification, this system can effectively reduce the sunlight impact on the RX module of OBU device; meanwhile, the signal interference caused by two neighbor vehicles in sensing area is also reduced.

碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
資訊工程系
100
In recent years, the issue of vehicle network (Vehicle Ad Hoc Network, VANET) are a lot of attention and related issues are discussed.In general, the biggest difference between VANET and the traditional Ad-Hoc is the VANET nodes move faster,so to send a data in VANET is a very big challenge;and many of the literature focuses on the routing protocol.The main purpose of this paper is in an urban environment, so that the node to understand the real-time information in the region,the path can take advantage of the high connectivity for data transfer. In the proposed mechanism to send data only to understand the topology information in the region,this makes the routing protocol in an urban environment have a better adaptability.To this end, this paper GPSR (Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing) of concepts,select the next node, taking into account not only the distance of the routing information,but also the crossroads of the regional environment, adding to the design of temporary roadside unit,the roadside unit is to temporarily act as a green light and the location most close to the crossroads of the vehicle,thereby improving the efficiency of the routing protocol.

Wen Er Ya Jane.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-134).
Table of contents --- p.ii
List of tables --- p.iv
List of figures --- p.vi
Abstract --- p.vii
Glossary of abbreviations --- p.ix
Acknowledgments --- p.x
Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICATIONS...............................Error! Bookmark not defined
Chapter 1.1.1 --- Classification of drug-related problems --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.2 --- Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.3 --- Drug interactions (DI) --- p.7
Chapter 1.1.4 --- Therapeutic failures (TF) --- p.8
Chapter 1.1.5 --- Non-compliance --- p.10
Chapter 1.1.6 --- Drug overdoses (DO) or drug poisonings --- p.11
Chapter 1.1.7 --- Drug-related hospitalizations (DRH) --- p.12
Chapter 1.1.8 --- Other relevant definitions --- p.13
Chapter 1.2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.16
Chapter 1.2.1 --- Adverse drug reactions --- p.16
Chapter 1.2.2 --- Hospital admission due to ADRs --- p.18
Chapter 1.2.3 --- Drug-related hospitalizations (DRH) --- p.22
Chapter 1.2.4 --- Discussion --- p.24
Chapter 1.3 --- PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY --- p.27
Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- METHODS --- p.30
Chapter 2.1 --- BACKGROUND --- p.30
Chapter 2.2 --- DATA COLLECTION --- p.31
Chapter 2.2.1 --- The patients --- p.31
Chapter 2.2.2 --- The drug history --- p.31
Chapter 2.2.3 --- Patients knowledge of drugs they were taking --- p.33
Chapter 2.2.4 --- Compliance --- p.33
Chapter 2.2.5 --- Previous episodes of adverse drug reactions --- p.34
Chapter 2.2.6 --- Diagnosis and outcome --- p.34
Chapter 2.2.7 --- Laboratory Results --- p.34
Chapter 2.2.8 --- Demographic characteristics of the patients --- p.35
Chapter 2.2.9 --- The data sheet --- p.36
Chapter 2.3. --- CASE REVIEW (REASSESSMENT) --- p.41
Chapter 2.4 --- CODING OF DATA --- p.41
Chapter 2.4.1 --- Coding of general data except diagnoses and drugs --- p.41
Chapter 2.4.2 --- Coding of diagnoses --- p.42
Chapter 2.4.3 --- Coding of drugs --- p.42
Chapter 2.5 --- STATISTICAL ANALYSIS --- p.42
Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- RESULTS --- p.43
Chapter 3.1 --- THE PATIENTS --- p.43
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Age and sex distributions --- p.43
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Patients' ADL and living environments --- p.47
Chapter 3.1.3 --- Baseline liver and renal function tests --- p.50
Chapter 3.1.4 --- Diagnoses --- p.52
Chapter 3.2 --- DRUG USE PRIOR TO ADMISSION --- p.54
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Overview --- p.54
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Consumption patterns for the prescribed drugs --- p.61
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Sources and durations for the prescribed drugs --- p.69
Chapter 3.2.4 --- Consumption patterns for self-medications --- p.71
Chapter 3.2.5 --- Source and duration of the self-medications --- p.73
Chapter 3.2.6 --- Drug overdose patterns --- p.75
Chapter 3.3 --- PATIENTS' KNOWLEDGE OF THE EFFECTS AND SIDE-EFFECTS OF DRUGS --- p.74
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Overview --- p.74
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Patients' knowledge of the effects of their prescribed drugs --- p.74
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Patients' knowledge of the side-effects of their prescribed drugs --- p.77
Chapter 3.4 --- COMPLIANCE --- p.79
Chapter 3.5 --- DRUG-RELATED HOSPITALIZATIONS (DRH) --- p.82
Chapter 3.5.1 --- Overview --- p.82
Chapter 3.5.2 --- Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) --- p.84
Chapter 3.5.3 --- Outcome of ADRs --- p.98
Chapter 3.5.4 --- "Therapeutic failures (Non-compliance, Inappropriate dose reduction)" --- p.100
Chapter 3.5.5 --- Drug overdoses --- p.104
Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.106
Chapter 4.1 --- ABOUT THE PATIENTS --- p.106
Chapter 4.2 --- DISEASE PATTERNS AND DRUG CONSUMPTION PATTERNS --- p.107
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Diagnoses on admission --- p.107
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Drug consumption patterns --- p.109
Chapter 4.2.3 --- About the sources and durations of the prescribed drugs --- p.112
Chapter 4.2.4 --- About the self-medications --- p.113
Chapter 4.3 --- ABOUT PATIENTS' KNOWLEDGE OF THE DRUGS --- p.114
Chapter 4.4 --- ABOUT COMPLIANCE --- p.116
Chapter 4.5 --- ABOUT ADRS AND DRUGS INTERACTIONS --- p.118
Chapter 4.5.1 --- The incidence of ADRs --- p.118
Chapter 4.5.2 --- The patterns of ADRs --- p.119
Chapter 4.5.3 --- The drugs and ADRs --- p.119
Chapter 4.5.4 --- Self-medications and ADRs --- p.121
Chapter 4.5.5 --- The risk factors for ADRs --- p.122
Chapter 4.5.6 --- Drug interactions --- p.125
Chapter 4.6 --- ABOUT THERAPEUTIC FAILURES --- p.126
Chapter 4.7 --- ABOUT DRUG OVERDOSES --- p.127
Chapter 4.8 --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.128
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.130

碩士
中國科技大學
土木與防災設計系
107
In this paper, three test steps are used to improve the formation of water leakage in the wall of the groundwater seepage into the mother unit, and the hypothesis test, the on-site sampling test, and the actual site case test are carried out. After the hypothesis experiment observation, it is learned that the cross-sectional rebar reserve hole of the continuous wall end plate and the transverse steel bar hole, will form the path of groundwater seeping into the continuous wall and continue to seep water, and there is a test body with soap-to-earth ring after 2 days of water seepage, its soap-to-earth ring to play the water-stopping effect, the test body will no longer continue to seep water. In the field sampling test, it was observed that after the three A-group test bodies were attached to the water source, the moisture humidity of the test body gradually increased, and after 3-4 days, the test body maintained the moisture phenomenon. And after the 3 B group test body with hanging water source, the first 1-3 day is the body humidity increase, but after 3-4 days, its soap-to-earth ring to play the effect group short water source into, the test body humidity is reduced day by day to the state of no water. In the actual site case test, in the site site 3 mother units, in its end plate in the horizontal steel bar surrounding the soap ymudization, to be the whole site after the actual excavation, these 3 female units with soapy earth ring and other unmounted soap earth ring mother unit to do the end plate leakage situation comparison, Results The three female unit end platewither with a soap-mounted ring were all leak-free, while the other female units without the soapening ring penetrated into the body of their mother unit because of water seeping in adjacent public units. The results of the actual case test: at the excavation depth GL-1.5M to -5.0M, the leakage ratio of the mother unit with the addition of soap encyclic ring was 0%, while the leakage rate of the remaining 5 female units without soapy earth ring was 60%. At the excavation depth GL-5.0M to -8.5M, the leakage ratio of the mother units with three soap-mounted rings was 0%, while the leakage rate of the remaining five mother units without soapy rings was 80%. The overall average proportion of continuous wall leakage, 3 with the mother unit of the added soap earth ring leakage ratio of 0%, while the remaining 5 unmounted soap earth ring mother unit leakage rate of 70%. Through the hypothesis test, the field sampling test, the actual case test, it is learned that in the continuous wall end plate inside the horizontal steel reserve hole and the transverse steel bar between the pores, the addition of soap yone ring can effectively prevent groundwater seeping into the mother unit wall body, if applied in the continuous wall mother unit steel cage, can effectively improve the leakage of the continuous wall mother unit wall body.

碩士
國立交通大學
工學院精密與自動化工程學程
103
Thin film transistor liquid crystal display’s needs grow dramatically in nearly a decade. The mercury-free and low power consumption light emitting diodes for back light units have been enabled by the improvements in light emitting diode performance that provid high efficiency for cost saving and eco-friendly. And the market demands are pushing the LCD product to go bigger, lighter and slimmer. 　　The rapid-changed specification request from customers often result the unstable luminous and abnormal taste of the back light units from the dimensional deviation of light emitting diode and light guide plate in the assembly process. 　　In this work, we used TracePro to simulate the light coupling efficiency between light emitting diode and light guide plate and measured data to verify the result first. Then we obtained the improvement result for optimizing the structure of back light unit by tolerance analysis. 　　The gap between 3014 LED and 2.0mm thickness LGP in the existing structure has maximum 10.3% light energy consumption. With applying improvement structure, we can reduce light energy consumption from 10.3% to 8.4%. 　　The center offset between 3014 LED and 2.0mm thickness LGP in the existing structure has maximum 5.6% light energy consumption. With applying improvement structure, we can reduce the light energy consumption from 5.6% to 1.2%.

The photosensitive unit triggering the negative phototaxis in the haloarchaeum Natronomonas pharaonis consists of the receptor sensory rhodopsin II (NpSRII) and its cognate transducer (NpHtrII) in a 2:2 stoichiometry. Upon light excitation, a structural rearrangement in the receptor initiates a displacement/rotation of the transducer helix TM2, which can be considered as starting event for the signal transduction. This signal is further transmitted to the cytoplasmic signaling domain through the signal transduction unit comprising two HAMP domains.Structural information already exists for the transmembrane region of this complex (crystal structure) as well as for the rod shaped cytoplasmic part of NpHtrII due to its high homologies with chemoreceptors. Moreover, the solution NMR structure of the isolated HAMP domain from A. fulgidus recently obtained shows a homodimeric, four-helical, parallel coiled-coil with an unusual interhelical packing, that is thought to propagate a signal by virtue of concerted helix rotations. Here, an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) investigation of site-directed spin labeled transducers in the NpSRII/NpHtrII complex has been carried out for structural and functional elucidation of the N. pharaonis HAMP. For this purpose, cw as well as pulse EPR techniques have been used in terms of mobility, accessibility and intra-transducer dimer distance analyses. Conformational changes induced by environmental inputs, namely salt, temperature and pH, give insight into the two-state equilibrium existing between a highly dynamic (dHAMP) and a more compact (cHAMP) conformation of this linker region.