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Journal articles on the topic 'The siege of Amida'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 April 2022

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1

Bernstein, Neil Warren. "The Siege of Amida and Epic Tradition: Ammianus Marcellinus, Res Gestae 19.1-9." Mnemosyne 72, no. 6 (October 31, 2019): 994–1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568525x-12342624.

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AbstractThis paper examines Ammianus Marcellinus’ intertextual dialogue with epic tradition in his account of the Persian siege of Amida (Amm. Marc. 19.1-9). It adds to the stock of meaningful Vergilian allusions in the Amida episode, as well as examining significant allusions to Vergil’s successors, Ovid, Lucan, and the Flavian poets. Epic offers both a verbal resource for the historian’s richly varied prose as well as an effective generic vehicle to signify the scale of his personal experience of combat.

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2

Ross, Alan. "Constantius and the sieges of Amida and Nisibis: Ammianus' relationship with Julian's panegyrics." Acta Classica 57, annual (2014): 127–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15731/aclass.057.07.

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3

Mansir, Firman. "The impact of globalization on islamic education toward fiqh learning existence in covid-19 pandemic period." ATTARBIYAH: Journal of Islamic Culture and Education 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/attarbiyah.v5i2.123-133.

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This research explains about the existence of Islamic Education in the middle of covid-19 pandemic that is currently struck the world, including Indonesia. This impact affects the learning process in schools and Madrasah. It is feared that the Covid-19 pandemic could undermine the existence of Islamic Education. The learning process of Islamic Religious Education is starting to be eliminated amid the siege of modern learning, thus, Islamic Education is in the spotlight because it is unable to compete in the midst of the pandemic. However, all these worries can fade because Islamic education is able to obtain these various entanglements and come back into existence with various learning models and methods used to offer the best for students in schools and madrasas

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4

Mansour, Sylvie. "A Week in Jenin: Assessing Mental Health Needs Amid the Ruins." Journal of Palestine Studies 31, no. 4 (2002): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2002.31.4.35.

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In the days after the Israelis ended their siege on 18––19 April 2002, a veritable army of visitors descended on Jenin refugee camp——journalists, human right activists, NGO representatives, international aid workers, parliamentarians, UN personnel, solidarity delegations——for visits of varying length and objectives not always clear to the residents. My own mandate was very specific: As a psychologist who had worked in Palestine for a number of years, I was to help put together a preliminary evaluation of mental health needs and mobilizable human resources, mainly through "debriefing" sessions both with residents most directly affected by the events (e.g., the newly homeless and internally displaced) and with local personnel (e.g., medical and paramedical teams, teachers, youth workers). I was part of a team that included representatives of UNICEF and the Jerusalem Coalition for Psychology (Palestinian Counseling Center, Women's Center for Legal and Social Counseling, Spafford) sent to help UNRWA and local NGOs working in the psychosocial field.

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5

Assénat, Martine, and Antoine Pérez. "Amida 1. Un théâtre à Amida." Anatolia Antiqua 20, no. 1 (2012): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/anata.2012.1328.

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6

Assénat, Martine, and Antoine Pérez. "Amida 2. Un forum à Amida." Anatolia Antiqua 21, no. 1 (2013): 135–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/anata.2013.1345.

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7

Assénat, Martine, and Antoine Pérez. "Amida 4 : Constance II et Amida." Anatolia Antiqua, no. XXII (January 1, 2014): 199–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/anatoliaantiqua.300.

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8

Smirnov, N. M. "Who Is to Blame and What Is to Be Done: Analysis of Comments to Films about the Beslan School Siege." Social Psychology and Society 12, no. 3 (2021): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/sps.2021120306.

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Objective. Analysis of YouTube comments to documentaries about the fifteenth anniversary of the Beslan school siege. Background. Amid reactivation of the Beslan discourse, demand for social reflection of the tragedy is increasing. It seems relevant to address nonreactive data to evaluate framing perception. Study design. Using random forest modeling we examine the content of YouTube comments to evaluate their specific characteristics. Data. Array of comments to Yuri Dud, Ksenia Sobchak and Novaya Gazeta films about Beslan (N=141,966, upload date: 02/29/2020, parsing loss<1% of the total). Measurements. Random forest modeling for textual data. Results. In the comments to all three films, blame is mainly reattributed to the state. The moral performatives are different: in the comments to Y. Dud and K. Sobchak’s films there are appeals for helping victims of the terrorist attack; in the case of Novaya Gazeta — to the punishment of the guilty. Conclusions. The Beslan tragedy turns out to be a serious point of social dissociation, there is neither rallying around the state nor a consensus on how to heal the trauma.

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9

Assénat, Martine, and Antoine Pérez. "Amida 3. " Eπιφάνεια... κατά Τίγριν " : une fondation hellénistique à Amida ?" Anatolia Antiqua 21, no. 1 (2013): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/anata.2013.1346.

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10

Andakke, Jeszy Novianti, Inneke F. M. Rumengan, Hizkia H. Y. Nainggolan, Lasma R. M. E. Parapat, Engel Pandey, Pipih Suptijah, and Aldian Hein Luntungan. "MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF GELATIN EXTRACTED FROM PARROT (Scarus sp) FISH SCALES." JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 8, no. 1 (January 15, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.8.1.2020.27286.

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One of the protein molecules of fish scales is water soluble gelatin. Gelatin of fish scales could be best substitute of commercial available gelatin which derived from porcine and bovine. The purpose of this study was to determine the molecular structure of gelatin extracted from marine fish scale using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, and to obtain the moisture content, pH and yield of gelatin. Samples were prepared from the wet and dried scales. As for the standard gelatin, the gelatin of the two samples are characterized with several types of amide groups. The two gelatin samples were slight different in absorption of wave length for amide A, B, I, II and III groups indicating the instability of the functional groups which may influence viscosity and gel strength. For the wet scales derived gelatin, the wave number absorption was found to be 3412 cm-1 (amide A), 2421 cm-1 (amide B), 1653 cm-1 (amide I), 1400 cm-1 (amide II), and 1001 cm-1 (amide III), while for the dried scales derived gelatin was 3435 cm-1 (amide A), 2920 cm-1 (amide B), 1635 cm-1 (amide I), 1404 cm-1 (amide II), and 1036 cm-1 (amide III). The wave number absorption of amide III of gelatin is smaller than the one of collagen, because gelatin is in form of single helix, not triple helix. The wet scales derived and dried scales derived gelatin show the moisture content of 15.0% and 13.7%, and yield of 2.33% and 2.43%, .respectively. For both samples, the pH value was 7. Key words : gelatin, fish scales, molecule structure, moisture, yield, pH Abstrak Salah satu dari molekul protein sisik ikan adalah gelatin larut air. Gelatin sisik ikan dapat menjadi pengganti terbaik dari gelatin komersial yang tersedia yang berasal dari babi dan sapi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan struktur molekul gelatin yang diekstrak dari sisik ikan laut menggunakan Analisis FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared), dan untuk mendapatkan kadar air, pH dan rendemen gelatin. Sampel disiapkan dari sisik basah dan sisik kering. Adapun standar gelatin, gelatin dari kedua sampel ditandai dengan beberapa jenis gugus amida. Kedua sampel gelatin sedikit berbeda dalam penyerapan panjang gelombang untuk amida A, B, I, II dan III yang menunjukkan ketidakstabilan kelompok fungsional yang dapat mempengaruhi viskositas dan kekuatan gel. Untuk gelatin sisik basah, panjang gelombang serapan ditemukan pada 3412 cm-1 (amida A), 2421 cm-1 (amida B), 1653 cm-1 (amida I), 1400 cm-1 (amida II), and 1001 cm-1 (amida III), sedangkan untuk gelatin sisik kering adalah 3435 cm-1 (amida A), 2920 cm-1 (amida B), 1635 cm-1 (amida I), 1404 cm-1 (amida II), and 1036 cm-1 (amida III). Panjang gelombang serapan amida III pada gelatin lebih kecil dibanding kolagen, sehingga gelatin berbentuk single helix, bukan triple helix. Gelatin sisik basah dan sisik kering mengadung kadar air 15,0% dan 13,7%, rendemen 2,33% and 2,43%, secara berturut-turut. Untuk kedua sampel memiliki nilai pH 7. Key words : gelatin, sisik ikan, struktur molekul, kadar air, rendemen, pH

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11

Safithri, Mega, Iriani Setyaningsih, Kustiariyah Tarman, Vitriyanna Mutiara Yuhendri, and Meydia Meydia. "POTENSI KOLAGEN TERIPANG EMAS SEBAGAI INHIBITOR TIROSINASE." Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 21, no. 2 (August 20, 2018): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v21i2.23085.

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Kolagen memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan mampu menghambat aktivitas tirosinase pada proses<br />melanogenesis, salah satu biota laut yang dapat dijadikan sumber kolagen alternatif adalah teripang.<br />Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan karakteristik kolagen dan aktivitas penghambatan enzim tirosinase<br />oleh kolagen teripang emas (Stichopus hermanii). Penghilangan protein non kolagen dilakukan dengan<br />cara perendaman daging teripang menggunakan NaOH 0,1 M selama 48 jam. Isolasi kolagen dilakukan<br />menggunakan asam asetat 0.5 M selama 48 jam. Analisis gugus fungsi kolagen dilakukan menggunakan<br />FTIR dan analisis aktivitas tirosinase dilakukan menggunakan spektrofotometer. Kadar protein non<br />kolagen yang diperoleh yaitu 0,090 mg/mL dan kolagen teripang emas memiliki rendemen 0,66%. Kolagen<br />teripang memiliki nilai pH 6,91, gugus fungsi khas amida A (3379,29 cm-1), amida B (2924,09 cm-1), amida<br />I (1681,93 cm-1), amida II (1568,13 cm-1), dan amida III (1269,16 cm-1). Aktivitas penghambatan tirosinase<br />menunjukkan bahwa kolagen teripang emas memiliki nilai IC50 5610 ppm. Kolagen teripang emas belum<br />mampu menghambat aktivitas tirosinase.

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12

Suryati, Suryati, Nasrul ZA, Meriatna Meriatna, and Suryani Suryani. "Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Gelatin dari Ceker Ayam dengan Proses Hidrolisis." Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal 4, no. 2 (November 14, 2017): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/jtku.v4i2.74.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji proses pembuatan gelatin dari ceker ayam dengan proses hidrolisis asam. Gelatin adalah hidrokoloid yang berasal dari hewan yang berfungsi untuk meningkatkan kekentalan dan pembentuk gel dalam berbagai produk pangan. Proses pengolahan hidrolisis dilakukan dengan variasi perendaman 5 hari, 10 hari dan 15 hari, dengan menggunakan HCl 7% sebagai larutan perendam kaki ayam. Suhu perendaman digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 50oC, 60oC, 70oC, 80oC dan 90oC, dengan waktu hidrolisa untuk masing-masing sampel selama 4 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen tertinggi yang didapat adalah 13,96%, pada proses perendaman selama 10 hari dengan suhu hidrolisis 90oC. Kadar air yang terbaik 14,98% dengan waktu perendaman selama 10 hari dan suhu hidrolisis 60oC, dan kadar abu yang terbaik 3% diperoleh dengan perendaman selama 15 hari dan suhu hidrolisis 70oC. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan adanya serapan khas gugus fungsi gelatin pada daerah Amida A, Amida I, Amida II dan Amida III.

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13

MITSUKAWA, Makoto. "The Vow Specific to Amida:." Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies (Indogaku Bukkyogaku Kenkyu) 62, no. 1 (2013): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.62.1_129.

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14

Inoue, Yasuhiro. "Statistical analysis on Amida-kuji." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 369, no. 2 (September 2006): 867–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2006.02.005.

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15

Mberato, Shellyn Prastisia, Inneke F. M. Rumengan, Veibe Warouw, Stenly Wullur, Natalie D. T. Rumampuk, Suzanne L. Undap, Pipih Suptijah, and Aldian Hein Luntungan. "PENENTUAN STRUKTUR MOLEKUL KOLAGEN SISIK IKAN KAKATUA (Scarus sp) BERDASARKAN SERAPAN MOLEKUL TERHADAP GELOMBANG FTIR (FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY ANALYSIS)." JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 8, no. 1 (January 15, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.8.1.2020.27285.

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Parrot fish (Scarus sp) is a commodity which commonly consumed in North Sulawesi. High consumption of this fish has caused the high amount of fish scales as wastes. As parrot fish scales contain protein that could be transformed into commercial products such as collagen. Collagen could be applied in the industrial fields including cosmetics and pharmaceutics. The purpose of this study was to determine molecular structure of collagen derived from the wet and dry parrot fish (Scarus sp) scales, based on molecular absorption of electromagnetic in the infrared region of the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.Preparation of collagen of fish scales both in wet and dry forms, was initially performed with pre-treatment of raw materials by maceration in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution for 48 hours. Then hydrolysis process was conducted in hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution again for 48 hours to remove mineral contents of the scales. Collagen yield of fish scales in wet and dry forms was 2.23% and 3.00%, respectively, with pH 7, and the respective water content was 13% and 12%. For collagen derived from the wet scales, the functional groups of amide A and B absorb the electromagnetic at infrared region of 3429 cm-1 and 2930 cm-1), respectively. Also amide I, II and III absorb the electromagnetic at infrared region of 1657 cm-1, 1452 cm-1 and 1242 cm-1, respectively. It was comparable to that of collagen derived from the dry scales, the functional groups of amide A and B absorb the electromagnetic at infrared region of 3425 cm-1 and 2910 cm-1), respectively. Also amide I, II and III absorb the electromagnetic at infrared region of 1653 cm-1, 1402 cm-1 and 1244 cm-1, respectively. The amide III group of the wet scales derived collagen as well as the dry scales derive collagen absorb the electromagnetics at infrared region in the range of 1309-1229 cm-1 indicating that the fish scale derived collagen has not denatured yet, but still in triple helix structure. Molecular functional groups detected for the parrot fish scales derived collagen are in the range of those for collagen standard.Keywords : fish scale, Scarus sp, collagen, molecule structure, proximate AbstrakIkan kakatua (Scarus sp) merupakan salah satu jenis komiditi ikan yang banyak dikonsumsi di Sulawesi Utara. Tingginya konsumsi ikan kakatua berakibat banyaknya limbah kuliner ikan ini berupa sisik ikan. Padahal sisik ikan kakatua mengandung protein yang dapat ditransformasikan menjadi produk samping komersial seperti kolagen. Kolagen dapat diaplikasikan pada bidang industry kosmetik dan farmasika. Tujuan penelitian ini menentukan struktur molekul kolagen dari sisik ikan kakatua (Scarus sp) berdasarkan wilayah serapan gelombang infra red.Preparasi kolagen dari sisik ikan baik dalam bentuk basah maupun kering, diawali dengan proses pre-treatment bahan baku dengan melakukan perendaman menggunakan larutan NaOH selama 48 jam. Selanjutnya adalah tahap hidrolisis yang dilakukan dengan perendaman sampel menggunakan larutan asam klorida (HCl) selama 48 jam untuk menghilangkan mineral yang ada dalam sisik. Kolagen sisik basah dan sisik kering dari ikan kakatua memiliki nilai rendemen masing-masing sebesar 2.23% dan 3.00%, nilai pH 7 serta kadar air sebesar 13% dan 12%. Pada kolagen sisik basah terdeteksi Amida A mempunyai bilangan gel (3429 cm-1), Amida B (2930 cm-1). Amida I (1657 cm-1), Amida II (1452 cm-1 ) dan Amida III (1242 cm-1), sedangkan pada kolagen sisik kering terdeteksi Amida A mempunyai bilangan gel (3425 cm -1 ), Amida B (2910 cm-1 ). Amida I (1653 cm-1 ), Amida II (1402 cm-1 ) dan Amida III (1244 cm-1). Amida III pada kolagen sisik basah dan kolagen sisik kering terdeteksi pada wilayah serapan 1309-1229 cm-1 hal menandakan bahwa kolagen sisik ikan kakatua belum terdenaturasi karena masih terdapat struktur triple helix. Gugus fungsional kolagen sisik kering dan kolagen sisik basah dari ikan kakatua memenuhi standar gugus fungsional kolagen standar.Kata kunci : sisik, Scarus sp, kolagen, gugus fungsi, proksimat

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16

Bhernama, Bhayu Gita. "EKSTRAKSI GELATIN DARI TULANG IKAN KAKAP PUTIH (Lates calcarifer) DENGAN ASAM HCl." Jurnal Sains Natural 10, no. 2 (September 29, 2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v10i2.282.

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Extraction of Gelatin from Fish White Bone (Lates Calcarifer) with HCl Concentration Variance Gelatin is a food added ingredient used in emulsifiers, thickeners, food stabilizers. Gelatin is a type of protein in the form of gel obtained from the denaturation of skin, bone and fish tissue collagen denaturation. The process of making gelatin from the bones of white snapper (Lates calcarifer) uses the HCl acid method with the parameters of yield, water content, ash content, and protein content. The immersion process carried out with varoius of HCl acid concentration 3%, 7% and 11%.The results show that the best value of% yield at a concentration of 7% of 1.90%, 10.16% water content. Ash content 3%. Protein content is 3.25%. FTIR spectrum revealed the presence of amida group at wave number 3269 cm-1, amide I; II; and Amida III sequentially at wave number 1656 cm-1; 1525.69 cm-1; 1161.15 cm-1.Keywords : Gelatin ; collagen ; Lates calcarifer ; FTIRABSTRAK Gelatin merupakan bahan tambah pangan yang digunakan dalam pengemulsi, pengental, penstabil makanan. Gelatin merupakan salah satu jenis protein yang berbentuk gel yang didapatkan dari hasil denaturasi kolagen kulit, tulang dan jaringan ikan. Proses ekstrak gelatin dari bahan tulang ikan kakap putih (Lates calcarifer) menggunakan asam HCl dengan parameter rendemen, kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein dan analisis FTIR. Proses perendaman dilakukan variasi asam HCl 3%, 7% dan 11%. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai % rendemen tertinggi pada konsentrasi 7% sebesar 1,90%, dengan nilai kadar air 10,16%, kadar abu 3,00%, kadar protein 3,25%. Dari spektrum FTIR didapatkan gugus Amida A pada bilangan gelombang 3269 cm-1, amida I ; II ; dan amida III secara berturut-turut pada bilangan gelombang 1656 cm-1 ; 1525,69 cm-1 ; 1161,15 cm-1.Kata kunci : Gelatin ; ikan kakap putih ; FTIR

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17

Waldrep, G. C. "Siege." Iowa Review 42, no. 1 (April 2012): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0021-065x.7109.

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18

Bloch, C. "Siege." Literary Imagination 15, no. 1 (February 7, 2013): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/litimag/imt018.

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19

Bičole, Baiba, and Bitite Vinklers. "(Siege)." Massachusetts Review 60, no. 3 (2019): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mar.2019.0076.

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20

JIAMUYANG, Kaichao. "Faith in Amida Buddha among Mongolians." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 51, no. 1 (2002): 282–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.51.282.

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21

Hain, Thomas, Lukáš Burget, John Dines, Philip N. Garner, František Grezl, Asmaa El Hannani, Marijn Huijbregts, Martin Karafiat, Mike Lincoln, and Vincent Wan. "Transcribing Meetings With the AMIDA Systems." IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 20, no. 2 (February 2012): 486–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2011.2163395.

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22

Girres, Jean-François, Martine Assenat, and Veysel Malıt. "Analysis of urban elements orientations to characterize the spatial extension of the foundation of the Roman city of Amida." Proceedings of the ICA 4 (December 3, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-4-40-2021.

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Abstract. The structure of the historical center of the city of Diyarbakır is largely inherited from the Roman city of Amida, through numerous testimonies still present in certain urban elements, such as buildings or cadastral parcels. The detailed analysis of the orientation of these urban elements in the current urban plan of Diyarbakır can contribute in particular to a better understanding of the different eras of foundation of the city of Amida and their spatial extensions. This research proposes to compare two methods of extraction of orientations from urban elements of the city of Diyarbakır. First, historians carried out a manual survey of the orientations from an aerial photograph, which made it possible to bring out two frames corresponding to two eras of the founding of the Roman city of Amida. These orientations were then compared with those extracted automatically from the geographic databases of cadastral parcels and built-up urban elements captured at a large scale. If the results obtained with the two methods converge, they also show differences, both on the orientation values and on the spatial extension of the two frames observed. These differences may contradict the initial observations, but are also sources of new perspectives of research on the spatial extension of the different periods of foundation of the Roman city of Amida. Finally, the results of this research tend to show that the two approaches prove to be complementary in detecting ancient urban structures in a contemporary city plan.

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Suptijah, Pipih, Dini Indriani, and Supriyono Eko Wardoyo. "ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI KOLAGEN DARI KULIT IKAN PATIN (Pangasius sp.)." Jurnal Sains Natural 8, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v8i1.106.

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Isolation and Characterization of Collagen from the Skin of Catfish (Pangasius sp.) Skin of catfish is one of aquatic by-products which could be used as an alternative source of collagen. This research is aimed to isolate and characterize collagen from skin of catfish. Methods of isolation of collagen included three stages, the first was deproteinization using NaOH solution with concentration of 0.05 M; 0.10 M; 0.15 M; 0.20 M for 12 hours, the second was soaking in CH3COOH solution with concentration of 0.05 M; 0.10 M; 0.15 M; and 0.20 M for 2 hours, and the third was extraction in water at a temperature of 40 0C for 2 hours; characterization of collagen was included chemical and physical properties. The results showed that the best extraction method ofcollagen from skin of catfish was soaking the skin in 0.05 M NaOH solution for 12 hours and soaking the skin in 0.05 M acetic acid for 2 hours. Extraction yields of collagen was 12.15%. Chemical characteristics included proximate and amino acid composition. Proximate value of collagen consisted of moisture was 6.55%, ash 1.80%, protein 64.74% and fat 8.85%. The major amino acid composition of collagen were glycine, proline, alanine, arginine and glutamate. Physical characteristics of collagen resulted from FTIR analysis showed amide A, amide B, amide I, amide II and amide III, triple helical structure of the amide I and amide III indicates that the compound produced was collagen; color analysis was 66.39%; thermal analysis showed a melting temperature peak was 154.47 0C and pH value was 5.34.Keywords : Catfish, isolation, characterization, collagen, skin ABSTRAK Kulit ikan patin merupakan salah satu limbah hasil perairan yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber alternatif kolagen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan karakterisasi kolagen yang diperoleh dari kulit ikan patin. Isolasi kolagen yang dilakukan meliputi tiga tahap, yaitu tahap pertama adalah proses deproteinisasi menggunakan larutan NaOH dengan konsentrasi, yaitu 0,05 M; 0,10 M; 0,15 M; 0,20 M dan lama waktu perendaman selama 12 jam; tahap kedua, yaitu perendaman dalam larutan CH3COOH dengan empat konsentrasi CH3COOH yaitu 0,05 M; 0,10 M; 0,15 M; dan 0,20 M dan lama waktu perendaman selama 2 jam; dan tahap ketiga, yaitu ekstraksi dengan air pada suhu 40 0C selama 2 jam; serta karakterisasi kolagen yang dilakukan, meliputi sifat kimia dan fisik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode ekstraksi kolagen dari kulit ikan patin terbaik diperoleh melalui proses perendaman kulit dalam larutan NaOH 0,05 M selama 12 jam dan perendaman kulit dalam asam asetat 0,05 M selama 2 jam. Rendemen serbuk kolagen yang dihasilkan sebesar 12,15 %. Karakteristik kimia meliputi proksimat dan komposisi asam amino. Nilai proksimat kolagen terdiri dari kadar air 6,55 %, abu 1,80 %, protein 64,74 % dan lemak 8,85 %. Komposisi asam amino yang dominan pada kolagen adalah glisina, prolina, alanina, arginina dan glutamat. Karakteristik fisik kolagen yang dihasilkan adalah analisis FTIR menunjukkan adanya gugus amida A, amida B, amida I, amida II dan amida III, struktur triple heliks pada amida I dan amida III mengindikasikan bahwa senyawa yang dihasilkan adalah kolagen; analisis warna yaitu 66,39 %; analisis termal yang menunjukkan suhu puncak pelelehan adalah 154,47 0C dan nilai pH kolagen yaitu 5,34. Kata kunci : Ikan patin, isolasi, karakterisasi, kolagen, kulit

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TATSUGUCHI, Kyoko. "The Amida-sutra as Understood by Shinran." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 48, no. 2 (2000): 787–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.48.787.

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YI, Haeng-gu. "Hwaom Pure Land and Amida Pure Land." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 51, no. 2 (2003): 525–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.51.525.

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Wilson, Andrew. "Water-Mills at Amida: Ammianus Marcellinus 18.8.11." Classical Quarterly 51, no. 1 (July 2001): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cq/51.1.231.

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Assenat, Martine. "Amida: A New City on the Boundaries." Giornale Italiano di Filologia 68 (March 2016): 143–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.gif.5.112483.

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Roy, Sara. "Palestinian De-Development: Drinking the Sea at Gaza: Days and Nights in a Land under Siege . Amira Hass. ; Development under Adversity: The Palestinian Economy in Transition . Ishac Diwan, Radwan A. Shaban." Journal of Palestine Studies 29, no. 3 (April 2000): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2000.29.3.02p0061x.

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Franey, Alan. "Siege mentality." Nursing Standard 17, no. 43 (July 9, 2003): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.17.43.22.s42.

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Hyde-Price, Caroline. "Under siege." Nursing Standard 15, no. 8 (November 8, 2000): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.15.8.20.s37.

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Duffin, Christian. "Under siege." Nursing Standard 16, no. 21 (February 6, 2002): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.16.21.12.s3.

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Parada, Miguel Angel. "Under Siege." Index on Censorship 41, no. 3 (September 2012): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306422012456137.

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Greacen, Robert, Ian McBride, and A. T. Q. Stewart. "Liege Siege." Books Ireland, no. 216 (1998): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20623711.

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Watanabe, Myrna E. "Bee Siege." BioScience 57, no. 5 (May 1, 2007): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/b570516.

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Esses, Victoria. "Siege mentality." New Scientist 225, no. 3011 (March 2015): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(15)60443-2.

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Leeder, Stephen. "Under siege!" Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 24, no. 2 (April 2000): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.2000.tb00123.x.

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Palermo, Mark T. "Under Siege?" International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 57, no. 5 (April 24, 2013): 523–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x13485296.

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Edge, Christine Ivie. "Under Siege." Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 34, no. 3 (May 2005): 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009430610503400306.

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Salti, Rasha. "Siege Notes." Middle East Report, no. 240 (October 1, 2006): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25164737.

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Mancini, J. M. "Siege Mentalities." Winterthur Portfolio 45, no. 2/3 (June 2011): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/661556.

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Fried, Seth. "The Siege." Missouri Review 29, no. 4 (2006): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.2007.0038.

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BELINELO, Valdenir José, Dorila PILÓ-VELOSO, Eduardo Euclydes de Lima e. BORGES, Dalton Luiz Ferreira ALVES, and Genuína Teixeira REIS. "Síntese e atividade fitotóxica de amidas derivadas do ácido 6alfa,7beta-di-hidroxivouacapan-17beta-óico." Eclética Química 26 (2001): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-46702001000100002.

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O ácido 6alfa,7beta-di-hidroxivouacapan-17beta-óico foi isolado das sementes de Pterodon polygalaeflorus Benth (Leguminosae) e então dez novas amidas derivadas deste ácido foram preparadas. Os efeitos destas amidas na germinação de sementes de Sorghum bicolor L. e Cucumis sativus L. foram avaliados. Nove compostos, a uma concentração de 100 ppm, mostraram um efeito inibitório (5-21%) no crescimento radicular de C. sativus L.. A N-(t-butil)-6alfa,7beta-di-hidroxivouacapan-17beta-amida mostrou a maior ação inibitória (33%) para S. bicolor L.. Somente a N-benzil-6alfa,7beta-di-hidroxivouacapan-17beta-amida mostrou efeito estimulatório no crescimento radicular para C. sativus L. e S. bicolor L., de 16% e 34% respectivamente.

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Hanaghan, Michael. "A Metaliterary Approach to Ursicinus’ Outburst (Amm. Marc. 20.2.4)." Philologus 162, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 115–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phil-2017-0027.

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AbstractIn 359 CE Constantius II appointed investigators into the fall of Amida, who confronted Ursicinus, a commander in the East, about the disaster. He refused to play along, answering them instead with a stirring outburst that predicted the imminent failure of the emperor unless he freed himself from his meddling eunuchs and his obsession with Amida. This assessment may be read as a metaliterary comment that reflects both forwards and backwards; up until that point, Constantius has been pulled along by the judgments of others, including his eunuchs, again and again. In contrast, Julian is presented as a bold and independent judge of people and events who actively carries out his responsibilities. As the narrative unfolds, Ursicinus’ prediction is borne out: Constantius never gets over the fall of Amida nor the influence of his eunuchs and eventually fails. The eclipse excursus that follows enhances the prophetic force of Ursicinus’ words as Julian is proclaimed Augustus and Constantius nervously dithers over what he should do. Ursicinus’ outburst is crucial to his narrative role and the important intratextual links that are drawn between the main individuals in Ammianus’ narrative of Constantius’ fall and Julian’s rise, including Gallus, Silvanus, Julian, Constantius, Eusebius, and Ammianus himself.

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Kütük, Ahmet. "Bizans İmparatorluğu Zamanında Amida (Diyarbakır) (IV.-VII. Yüzyıl)." History Studies International Journal of History 7, Volume 7 Issue 2 (January 1, 2015): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.9737/historys1633.

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WADA, Noriyoshi. "Gensin's and Honen's understanding of Amida Buddha's Light." Journal of Research Society of Buddhism and Cultural Heritage, no. 11 (2002): 88–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5845/bukkyobunka.2002.88.

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DUMLUPINAR ALİCAN, Songül. "Halil Edhem Ve “Bibliyografya (Amida)” İsimli Çalışması Üzerine." Journal of History and Future 5, no. 2 (August 23, 2019): 449–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21551/jhf.598186.

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TOMABECHI, Seiichi. "Shingon Esoteric Buddhism and Amida Images in Japan." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 45, no. 1 (1996): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.45.137.

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Miyamoto, Kaoru, Yasuyuki Irie, Eiichi Taira, Yehua Gan, Enju Do, Kanato Yamagata, and Naomasa Miki. "Molecular cloning and functional analysis of mouse Amida." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 82 (2000): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)47813-x.

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Naruse, Takayuki. "Prayer to Amida Buddha According to Zennain Chingai." Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies (Indogaku Bukkyogaku Kenkyu) 66, no. 2 (March 20, 2018): 628–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.66.2_628.

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Nurjanah, Nurjanah, Taufan Ichza Baharuddin -, and Tati Nurhayati. "Ekstraksi Kolagen Kulit Ikan Tuna Sirip Kuning (Thunnus albacares) menggunakan Enzim Pepsin dan Papain." Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 24, no. 2 (August 2, 2021): 174–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v24i2.35410.

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Kolagen merupakan senyawa protein rantai panjang yang tersusun atas asam amino alanina, arginina, lisina, glisina, prolina, serta hiroksiprolina. Kolagen merupakan protein jaringan ikat yang dapat dihasilkan dari limbah kulit ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan karakteristik kolagen yang diekstraksi dengan metode enzimatis. Metode penelitian terbagi menjadi dua tahap yaitu tahap ekstraksi enzim pepsin dari lambung ikan tuna sirip kuning dan tahap ekstraksi kolagen kulit tuna dengan metode enzimatis. Enzim pepsin yang diekstraksi dari lambung tuna sirip kuning memiliki nilai aktivitas spesifik 8.680 U/mg. Waktu perendaman dengan NaOH terbaik adalah 12 jam. Waktu hidrolisis kulit dengan asam asetat terbaik adalah 72 jam. Kolagen larut papain memiliki bobot molekul 310 kDa, gugus fungsi amida A, B, I, II, dan III,dengan rendemen 2,13%. Kolagen larut pepsin sebagian memiliki bobot 328 kDa, gugus fungsi amida A, I, II, dan III, dengan rendemen 0,8%.

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