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Journal articles on the topic 'The sol-gel process'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

NAKAZUMI, Hiroyuki. "Sol-Gel Process." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 68, no. 4 (1995): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.68.245.

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2

Hench, Larry L., and Jon K. West. "The sol-gel process." Chemical Reviews 90, no. 1 (1990): 33–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr00099a003.

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3

Kowalewska, Anna. "Photoacid catalyzed sol–gel process." Journal of Materials Chemistry 15, no. 47 (2005): 4997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b508212a.

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4

Merghes, Petru, Gheorghe Ilia, Bianca Maranescu, Narcis Varan, and Vasile Simulescu. "The Sol–Gel Process, a Green Method Used to Obtain Hybrid Materials Containing Phosphorus and Zirconium." Gels 10, no. 10 (2024): 656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels10100656.

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The sol–gel process is a green method used in the last few decades to synthesize new organic–inorganic phosphorus-containing hybrid materials. The sol–gel synthesis is a green method because it takes place in mild conditions, mostly by using water or alcohol as solvents, at room temperature. Therefore, the sol–gel method is, among others, a promising route for obtaining metal-phosphonate networks. In addition to phosphorus, the obtained hybrid materials could also contain titanium, zirconium, boron, and other elements, which influence their properties. The sol–gel process has two steps: first,

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5

MAKITA, Kensuke. "Glass making by sol-gel process." RESOURCES PROCESSING 37, no. 2 (1990): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4144/rpsj1986.37.93.

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6

Ingale, Sanjay, Pratap Wagh, P. Sastry, et al. "Nanocrystalline Pentaerythritoltetranitrate using Sol-Gel Process." Defence Science Journal 61, no. 5 (2011): 534–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.61.594.

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7

KRIEGER, JAMES. "Sol-gel process set for commercialization." Chemical & Engineering News 70, no. 29 (1992): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v070n029.p022.

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8

Vaidya, V. N. "Sol-Gel Process for Alumina Ceramics." Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society 54, no. 4 (1995): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0371750x.1995.10804708.

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9

Mackenzie, John D. "Applications of the sol-gel process." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 100, no. 1-3 (1988): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(88)90013-0.

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10

Yoldas, Bulent E. "Technological significance of sol-gel process and process-induced variations in sol-gel materials and coatings." Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 1, no. 1 (1993): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00486430.

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11

Park, Jong-whan, Kook-soo Bang, and Chan Park. "Fabrication of Piezoelectric PZT Thick Film by Sol-gel Process." Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology 29, no. 1 (2015): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5574/ksoe.2015.29.1.094.

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12

Simonenko, E. P., and V. K. Ivanov. "Sol-gel synthesis and research of inorganic compounds, hybrid functional materials and disperse systems." Žurnal neorganičeskoj himii 69, no. 4 (2024): 465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0044457x24040017.

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The results are summarised of the Seventh International Conference of CIS countries “Sol-gel synthesis and research of inorganic compounds, hybrid functional materials and disperse systems “Sol-gel 2023”, the key reports are discussed within the scientific sections: Theoretical aspects of sol-gel process; Films, coatings and membranes obtained using sol-gel technology; Hybrid organic-inorganic sol-gel materials; Xerogels, glasses and bulk ceramic materials synthesized by sol-gel method; Nano- and microstructured materials, nanotechnology; Methods of research of structure and properties of mate

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13

De, G., D. Kundu, B. Karmakar, and D. Ganguli. "Transparent silica gel tubes by the sol-gel process." Journal of Materials Science Letters 12, no. 9 (1993): 654–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00465581.

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14

Komarneni, Sridhar, and Rustum Roy. "Titania gel spheres by a new sol-gel process." Materials Letters 3, no. 4 (1985): 165–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-577x(85)90151-x.

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15

Sriyanti, Sriyanti. "Encapsulation of Alkaline Phosphatase in Mesoporous Methyl-Silica Hybrid by Sol-Gel Process." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 20, no. 3 (2017): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.20.3.110-113.

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In recent years, the sol-gel technique has attracted increasing interest as a unique approach to immobilize biomolecules for bioanalitical applications as well as biochemical and biophysical studies. In this research, encapsulation of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) enzyme in mesoporous methyl-silica hybrid by sol-gel process has been carried out. Mesoporous methyl-silica hybrid has been synthesis by using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) as precursor and poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) as a polymer dopant. The preparation of methyl-silica hybrid was carried out at variou

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16

Yang, Su-won, Kwang-pil Jeong, and Jeong-gon Kim. "Study on Crystallization and Magnetic Property Deviation of Ni-Zn-Cu Ferrite Depending on the State of the Starting Material in the Annealing Process." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2619749.

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The spinel structure of the nanosize powder (Ni0.3Zn0.3Cu0.4Fe2O4) substituted by Ni, Zn, and Cu was fabricated by the sol-gel process. Changes in weight, crystal formation, and magnetic properties were observed by XRD, TG-DTA, VSM in the annealing process of the sol and gel. The saturation magnetization of the sol showed 54.8–58.6 emu/g at 500–800°C, and the gel showed 52.3–56.8 emu/g at 600–800°C. The coercive force of the sol decreased in the range −136 Oe to −11.4 Oe at 500–800°C, and the gel decreased in the range −95 Oe to −44 Oe at 600–800°C. Therefore, the deviation of the annealing te

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17

Temiraliev, A. "BIRTH AND FUSION IN A SOL-GEL PROCESS WITH LOW DIFFUSION." Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 17, no. 1 (2020): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2020no1/132-137.

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18

Tsai, Shu-Yi, and Kuan-Zong Fung. "Synthesis Routes on Electrochemical Behavior of Co-Free Layered LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 Cathode for Li-Ion Batteries." Molecules 28, no. 2 (2023): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020794.

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Co-free layered LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 has received considerable attention due to high theoretical capacity (280 mAh g−1) and low cost comparable than LiCoO2. The ability of nickel to be oxidized (Ni2+/Ni3+/Ni4+) acts as electrochemical active and has a low activation energy barrier, while the stability of Mn4+ provides a stable host structure. However, selection of appropriate preparation method and condition are critical to providing an ideal layered structure of LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 with good electrochemical performance. In this study, Layered LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 has been synthesized by sol-gel and solid-stat

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19

Horváth, Marius, and Katalin Sinkó. "Hierarchical Porous SiO2 Cryogel via Sol-Gel Process." Gels 8, no. 12 (2022): 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8120808.

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The aim of this research work was to develop a new, low-cost and low-energy-consuming preparation route for highly porous silica systems. The precursor gel systems were synthesized by sol-gel chemistry. The starting materials were TEOS and water glass in the sol-gel syntheses. The effect of the chemical composition, the catalysis, the pH, and the additives were investigated on the structure and porosity of the cryogels. The gel systems were treated by freeze-drying process to obtain porous cryogel silica products. The cryogel systems possess hierarchical structures. The conditions of the freez

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20

Chen, Quan, and Andrew M. Soutar. "Progress on Nanoceramics by Sol Gel Process." Key Engineering Materials 391 (October 2008): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.391.79.

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Sol-gel technology has been proved as a very valuable tool for producing and processing ceramic materials for advanced applications especially when currently nanotechnology becomes as the dominant topic for most of the scientists and engineers. While many functional ceramic materials are of technological interest, this paper tries to give an over view of recent progress in synthesis of ceramic powders, mainly nano-scaled powders, by sol gel process and their applications.

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21

Kirilovs, Edgars, Silvija Kukle, Janis Gravitis, and Hans-Jörg Gusovius. "Moisture absorption properties of hardwood veneers modified by a sol-gel process." Holzforschung 71, no. 7-8 (2017): 645–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2016-0151.

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Abstract A new invisible nanolevel coating has been developed based on the sol-gel process for veneer finishes. The sol synthesis and its application as a protective agent is described. It could be demonstrated that a combination of organic light stabilizers and sol-gel deposits is feasible and that the resulting hybrid inorganic-organic thin films decrease moisture uptake of hardwood veneers.

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22

Chen, Bo, Wen Qiang Zhang, Zhi Yang Lian, and De Yuan Zhang. "Study on Bio-Limited Forming Technology Based on Micro-Composite Sol-Gel Coating." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 4132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.4132.

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Micro-composite sol-gel coating was introduced into bio-limited forming technology for the first time, and the feasibility of the micro-composite sol-gel coating on microorganism was verified. The composite coated microorganism was observed by using optical microscopy. The results showed that the micro-particles of carbonyl iron could remain being fixed on the surface of cells of spirulina platensis by sol-gel process after repeated washings and collections and by using second sol-gel process the micro structures of microorganism would be kept well after drying. The co-deposition mechanism of

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23

Klein, Lisa C. "Sol-Gel Process for Proton Exchange Membranes." Key Engineering Materials 391 (October 2008): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.391.159.

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The sol-gel process has been used to modify the electrolyte membrane used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). Recent progress is reported in the synthesis of hybrid membranes involving Nafion®. These membranes have been prepared by infiltration and recasting, and contain silicates, phosphosilicates, zirconium phosphosilicates, titanosilicates, or phosphotungstates.

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24

ZINK, Jeffrey I., and Bruce S. DUNN. "Photonic Materials by the Sol-Gel Process." Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 99, no. 1154 (1991): 878–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2109/jcersj.99.878.

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25

Klein, Lisa C., and R. H. Woodmann. "Porous Silica by the Sol-Gel Process." Key Engineering Materials 115 (September 1995): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.115.109.

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26

Larbot, A. B., D. Young, C. Guizard, R. Paterson, and L. Cot. "Alumina Nanofiltration Membrane from Sol-Gel Process." Key Engineering Materials 61-62 (January 1992): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.61-62.395.

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27

Guizard, C., C. Mouchet, J. C. Achddou, S. Durand, J. L. Rouvière, and L. Cot. "Nanophase Ceramics by the Sol-Gel Process." Materials Science Forum 152-153 (March 1994): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.152-153.149.

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28

Sakka, Sumio. "Formation of Particles in Sol-Gel Process." KONA Powder and Particle Journal 7 (1989): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14356/kona.1989017.

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29

MacChesney, J. B., D. W. Johnson, D. A. Fleming, and F. W. Walz. "Hybridised sol-gel process for optical fibres." Electronics Letters 23, no. 19 (1987): 1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19870705.

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30

Nassar, Eduardo J., Cláudio R. Neri, Paulo S. Calefi, and Osvaldo A Serra. "Functionalized silica synthesized by sol–gel process." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 247, no. 1-3 (1999): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(99)00046-0.

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31

Cao, Chuanbao, Ming Luo, and Hesun Zhu. "PLZT films prepared by sol–gel process." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 254, no. 1-3 (1999): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(99)00440-8.

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32

Andrianainarivelo, Mahandrimanana, Robert J. P. Corriu, Dominique Leclercq, P. Hubert Mutin, and André Vioux. "Nonhydrolytic Sol−Gel Process: Aluminum Titanate Gels." Chemistry of Materials 9, no. 5 (1997): 1098–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm960405b.

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33

Bhatia, Rimple B., C. Jeffrey Brinker, Alok K. Gupta, and Anup K. Singh. "Aqueous Sol−Gel Process for Protein Encapsulation." Chemistry of Materials 12, no. 8 (2000): 2434–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm000260f.

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34

Gallagher, D., and L. C. Klein. "Silica membranes by the sol—gel process." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 109, no. 1 (1986): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(86)90279-1.

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35

LIVAGE, J., C. SANCHEZ, M. HENRY, and S. DOEUFF. "The chemistry of the sol-gel process." Solid State Ionics 32-33 (February 1989): 633–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(89)90338-x.

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36

Li, Panjian, and Klaas de Groot. "Better bioactive ceramics through sol-gel process." Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 2, no. 1-3 (1994): 797–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00486353.

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37

Thomas, Ian M. "Optical coatings by the sol-gel process." Optics News 12, no. 8 (1986): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/on.12.8.000018.

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38

Larbot, A., A. Julbe, C. Guizard, and L. Cot. "Silica membranes by the sol-gel process." Journal of Membrane Science 44, no. 2-3 (1989): 289–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0376-7388(00)83359-1.

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39

Nguyen-Ngoc, Hanh, and Canh Tran-Minh. "Sol–gel process for vegetal cell encapsulation." Materials Science and Engineering: C 27, no. 4 (2007): 607–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2006.04.010.

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40

Sakka, Sumio, Hiromitsu Kozuka, and Haoren Zhuang. "Superconducting Oxides Prepared by Sol-Gel Process." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics 184, no. 1 (1990): 359–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268949008031786.

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41

Vaidya, V. N. "Sol-Gel Process for Ceramic Nuclear Fuels." Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society 63, no. 3 (2004): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0371750x.2004.11012156.

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42

Ingale, S. V., P. B. Wagh, R. Tewari, and Satish C. Gupta. "Nanocrystalline trinitrotoluene (TNT) using sol–gel process." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 356, no. 41-42 (2010): 2162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2010.07.038.

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43

Saad, M., and M. Poulain. "Fluoride glass synthesis by sol-gel process." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 184 (May 1995): 352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(94)00655-5.

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44

Atkarskaya, A. B. "Solution regeneration in the sol-gel process." Glass and Ceramics 54, no. 9-10 (1997): 273–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02782538.

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45

Reuter, Hans, and Maria-Theresia Brandherm. "New Dimensions in the Sol–Gel Process." Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 34, no. 15 (1995): 1578–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199515781.

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46

Latthe, Sanjay S., Hiroaki Imai, V. Ganesan, and A. Venkateswara Rao. "Ultrahydrophobic silica films by sol–gel process." Journal of Porous Materials 17, no. 5 (2009): 565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10934-009-9325-0.

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47

Besbes, M., N. Fakhfakh, and M. Benzina. "Characterization of silica gel prepared by using sol–gel process." Physics Procedia 2, no. 3 (2009): 1087–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2009.11.067.

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48

Ma, Yu, Hye Ryeon Lee, and Toshinori Tsuru. "Study on Preparation and Hydrophobicity of MTES Derived Silica Sol and Gel." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 2563–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.2563.

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The synthesis of hydrophobic sol by one-step sol-gel process ammonia catalyzed was investigated. The water molar ratio and catalyst molar ratio were discussed to prevent phase segregation during the hydrolysis and co-condensation of the organic and inorganic precursors. The reactant system with water molar ratio 70 could make the reaction rate of MTES slightly less than that of TEOS, so that the hydrolysis - condensation – gelling reaction with MTES and TEOS as co-precursors could be synchronously. With the increase of the MTES/TEOS molar ratio, the reaction rate of the silica sol preparation

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49

Myasoedova, Tatiana N., Rajathsing Kalusulingam, and Tatiana S. Mikhailova. "Sol-Gel Materials for Electrochemical Applications: Recent Advances." Coatings 12, no. 11 (2022): 1625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12111625.

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This review article emphases on the modern approaches to the types of sol-gel materials that are beneficial for electrochemistry, monitored by a report of recent advances in the numerous fields of sol-gel electrochemistry. Modified electrodes for sensors and supercapacitors as well as anti-corrosion are described. Sol-gel synthesis expands the capabilities of technologists to obtain highly porous, homogeneous, and hybrid thin-film materials for supercapacitor electrode application. The widespread materials are transition metal oxides, but due to their low conductivity, they greatly impede the

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50

Bokov, Dmitry, Abduladheem Turki Jalil, Supat Chupradit, et al. "Nanomaterial by Sol-Gel Method: Synthesis and Application." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (December 24, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5102014.

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The sol-gel process is a more chemical method (wet chemical method) for the synthesis of various nanostructures, especially metal oxide nanoparticles. In this method, the molecular precursor (usually metal alkoxide) is dissolved in water or alcohol and converted to gel by heating and stirring by hydrolysis/alcoholysis. Since the gel obtained from the hydrolysis/alcoholysis process is wet or damp, it should be dried using appropriate methods depending on the desired properties and application of the gel. For example, if it is an alcoholic solution, the drying process is done by burning alcohol.

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