Academic literature on the topic 'The square directed by a dominant'
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Journal articles on the topic "The square directed by a dominant"
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Penrose, Mathew D., and Andrew R. Wade. "On the total length of the random minimal directed spanning tree." Advances in Applied Probability 38, no. 02 (June 2006): 336–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800001002.
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In Bhatt and Roy's minimal directed spanning tree construction for a random, partially ordered set of points in the unit square, all edges must respect the ‘coordinatewise’ partial order and there must be a directed path from each vertex to a minimal element. We study the asymptotic behaviour of the total length of this graph with power-weighted edges. The limiting distribution is given by the sum of a normal component away from the boundary plus a contribution introduced by the boundary effects, which can be characterized by a fixed-point equation, and is reminiscent of limits arising in the probabilistic analysis of certain algorithms. As the exponent of the power weighting increases, the distribution undergoes a phase transition from the normal contribution being dominant to the boundary effects being dominant. In the critical case in which the weight is simple Euclidean length, both effects contribute significantly to the limit law.
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Penrose, Mathew D., and Andrew R. Wade. "On the total length of the random minimal directed spanning tree." Advances in Applied Probability 38, no. 2 (June 2006): 336–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/aap/1151337075.
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In Bhatt and Roy's minimal directed spanning tree construction for a random, partially ordered set of points in the unit square, all edges must respect the ‘coordinatewise’ partial order and there must be a directed path from each vertex to a minimal element. We study the asymptotic behaviour of the total length of this graph with power-weighted edges. The limiting distribution is given by the sum of a normal component away from the boundary plus a contribution introduced by the boundary effects, which can be characterized by a fixed-point equation, and is reminiscent of limits arising in the probabilistic analysis of certain algorithms. As the exponent of the power weighting increases, the distribution undergoes a phase transition from the normal contribution being dominant to the boundary effects being dominant. In the critical case in which the weight is simple Euclidean length, both effects contribute significantly to the limit law.
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Smith, C. W., R. Czarnek, and M. Rezvani. "Determination of Continuum Fracture Parameters for a Particulate Composite." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 112, no. 2 (April 1, 1990): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2903316.
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Rocket motor grain consists of rigid particles embedded in a soft, rubbery matrix. The ingredients are chosen to maximize the burning properties, but when cracks develop during curing or storage, burn properties are altered. The present study was directed towards a study of the loss of the inverse square root singularity in the neighborhood where a crack intersects the free surface in simulated motor grain. Experiments were conducted on both cracked simulated pure binder and cracked simulated motor grain and algorithms were developed for computing fracture parameters from the data. Severe crack tip blunting prior to crack growth initiation was observed in the simulated motor grain which required a modification of the algorithm used for single phase materials. Efforts to determine the dominant eigenvalue after crack growth have met with limited success to date due to increasing data scatter.
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BERGQVIST, G. "CAUSAL TENSORS AND SIMPLE FORMS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 17, no. 20 (August 10, 2002): 2748. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x02011758.
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A rank-r tensor on a Lorentzian manifold of dimension N is causal if the contraction with r arbitrary causal future-directed vectors is non-negative. General superenergy tensors1, such as the Bel and Bel-Robinson tensors, are examples of even ranked causal tensors1,2, and may therefore be useful when defining norms for geometric evolution equations3. We here show that any symmetric rank-2 causal tensor (energy-momentum tensors satisfying the dominant energy condition) can be written as a sum of at most N superenergy tensors of simple forms. If N=4 this can be expressed in an elegant way as the sum of four spinors squared. Since, for arbitrary N, the superenergy of any simple form is a self-map of the cone (its square is proportional to the metric) this leads to new representations and classifications of all conformal Lorentz transformations and to generalisations of the classical four dimensional Rainich-Misner-Wheeler (RMW) theory of determining the space-time physics from its geometry4. For non-simple forms more complicated equations are satisfied by the superenergy tensors, but also in this case we are able to generalise the RMW theory, and as an example the complete algebraic RMW theory in five dimensions is obtained5.
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WIDHIANTARA, I. PUTU AGUS, I. KOMANG GDE SUKARSA, and I. PUTU EKA N. KENCANA. "MODEL PERSAMAAN STRUKTURAL TINGKAT KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN JALAN TOL BALI MANDARA." E-Jurnal Matematika 4, no. 4 (November 24, 2015): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mtk.2015.v04.i04.p107.
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The aim of this research is to determine public satisfaction level for the quality of Bali Mandara Highway service and to determine the dominant variable influencing public satisfaction level. This research implemented by using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) and Servqual model. This research was conducted in Badung Regency in the period of March to June 2015. Data were collected by using questionnaires that were distributed directly to 150 users of respondents. The result shows that the public haven’t been satisfied with service quality provided by Jasamarga. Meanwhile the empathy, responsiveness and tangible are significantly influencing public satisfaction level to Bali Mandara Highway service quality. We also showed that empathy provide a dominant influence to public satisfaction level.
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Wardhana, Annisa Aqsha, Syarifah Hudayah, and Sri Wahyuni. "Analisis Kinerja Layanan dan Kepuasan Pelanggan terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah Tabungan." JURNAL MANAJEMEN 9, no. 1 (January 9, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29264/jmmn.v9i1.2390.
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Research aims to know the influence of the Service Performance and Costumer Satisfaction loyality to the obligor Bank Mandiri branch Samarinda as well as to self relianthknowing variable does influential dominant among variable Service Performance and Customer Satisfaction of the Loyalty of the depositor Bank Mandiri branch self contained Samarinda.Sample on the basis Formula Solvin by Umar (2003: 146) obtained 95 or use calculationang depositor Bank Mandiri branch Samarinda.Method of data gathering used directly to the pil is interview involved with the matters discussed and give a list of question to depositor savings Bank Mandiri branch Samarinda.Analyzed data using equipment analysis multiple regression the testing done with t test, and test coefficient of determination to assistance software SPSS.Research Results show that collectively same Service performance and Costumer satisfaction influential Significant agains Loyality depositor Bank Mandiri branch Samarinda.Variable Costumer Satisfaction have influence dominant Loyalty to the obligor Bank Mandiri branch Samarinda. Nugroho ( 2005 : 11 ) declare that to regression compounded better use R Square yes have adjustable or written adjusted R Square method of 0,120 this give a sense 12% of variation variable dependent that is Loyalty of the depositor Bank Mandiri branch Samarinda can descoribed by the independent variable Service Performance and Customer Satisfaction now the rest 88% annotated by factors of variable other unknown and notiucluded in the research.
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Suherman, Maman, Erry Rimawan, Rahmat Hidayat, and Randi Alfian. "Influence of Work Stress and Leadership on Employee Performance in Special Check Posts in Automotive Industry by Using SEM-PLS." Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 8 - August 5, no. 8 (August 27, 2020): 576–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20aug216.
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This study aims to find out the effect of work stress and leadership on employee performance at PT. Astra Daihatsu Motor, this study uses a quantitative approach. Data collection was carried out by survey method by distributing questionnaires to several employees who were directly related to the test, the questionnaire consisted of several questions related to work stress, leadership and employee performance. Because of the limitation of respondents in the study is only 26 people, the sample used in this study is a saturated sample in which the entire population is used as a sample. Data processing is performed by SEM (structural Equation Modeling) method basen on (PLS) partial least square with 2 stages of testing process that is measurement of inner model and outer model. The results show that work stress and leadership are proven to have an influence on employee performance with a value of 32.4%, with the dominant factor causing work stress is a gap in communication with coworkers, while for leadership factors are leadership motivational factors for employees where the leader is able to provide Good motivation for employees in working makes the most dominant leadership factor.
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Ru, C. "Electrode-Ceramic Interfacial Cracks in Piezoelectric Multilayer Materials." Journal of Applied Mechanics 67, no. 2 (November 26, 1999): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1303825.
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A thin electrode layer embedded at the interface of two piezoelectric materials represents a common feature of many electroceramic multilayer devices. The analysis of interface cracks between the embedded electrode layer and piezoelectric ceramic leads to a nonstandard mixed boundary value problem which likely prevents a general analytical solution. The present work shows that the associated mixed boundary value problem does indeed admit an exact elementary solution for a special case of major practical interest in which the two piezoelectric half-planes are poled in opposite directions perpendicular to the electrode layer. In this case, it is found that oscillatory singularity disappears, in spite of the unsymmetric characters of the problem, and electroelastic fields exhibit power singularities. Particular emphasis is placed on the near-tip singular stresses along the bonded interface. The results show that tensile stress exhibits the square root singularity along the interface whereas shear stress exhibits the dominant-order nonsquare root singularity. In addition, the present model indicates that a pure electric-field loading could induce the dominant-order singular shear stress directly ahead of the interface crack tip. [S0021-8936(00)00602-4]
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Rodríguez-Padilla, Isaac, Bruno Castelle, Vincent Marieu, Philippe Bonneton, Arthur Mouragues, Kevin Martins, and Denis Morichon. "Wave-Filtered Surf Zone Circulation under High-Energy Waves Derived from Video-Based Optical Systems." Remote Sensing 13, no. 10 (May 11, 2021): 1874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13101874.
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This paper examines the potential of an optical flow video-based technique to estimate wave-filtered surface currents in the nearshore where wave-breaking induced foam is present. This approach uses the drifting foam, left after the passage of breaking waves, as a quasi-passive tracer and tracks it to estimate the surface water flow. The optical signature associated with sea-swell waves is first removed from the image sequence to avoid capturing propagating waves instead of the desired foam motion. Waves are removed by applying a temporal Fourier low-pass filter to each pixel of the image. The low-pass filtered images are then fed into an optical flow algorithm to estimate the foam displacement and to produce mean velocity fields (i.e., wave-filtered surface currents). We use one week of consecutive 1-Hz sampled frames collected during daylight hours from a single fixed camera located at La Petite Chambre d’Amour beach (Anglet, SW France) under high-energy conditions with significant wave height ranging from 0.8 to 3.3 m. Optical flow-computed velocities are compared against time-averaged in situ measurements retrieved from one current profiler installed on a submerged reef. The computed circulation patterns are also compared against surf-zone drifter trajectories under different field conditions. Optical flow time-averaged velocities show a good agreement with current profiler measurements: coefficient of determination (r2)= 0.5–0.8; root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.12–0.24 m/s; mean error (bias) =−0.09 to −0.17 m/s; regression slope =1±0.15; coherence2 = 0.4–0.6. Despite an underestimation of offshore-directed velocities under persistent wave breaking across the reef, the optical flow was able to correctly reproduce the mean flow patterns depicted by drifter trajectories. Such patterns include rip-cell circulation, dominant onshore-directed surface flow and energetic longshore current. Our study suggests that open-source optical flow algorithms are a promising technique for coastal imaging applications, particularly under high-energy wave conditions when in situ instrument deployment can be challenging.
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Afgan, Nouman, Klaus Gugler, and Robert Kunst. "THE EFFECTS OF OWNERSHIP CONCENTRATION ON PERFORMANCE OF PAKISTANI LISTED COMPANIES." CBU International Conference Proceedings 4 (September 21, 2016): 214–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v4.764.
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This paper analyzes the effects of ownership concentration on investment performance in a large sample of Pakistani publicly-listed companies from 1997 to 2007. Special attention is directed to statistical methods from the field of panel-data econometrics, which are able to deal with endogeneity problems and with structural reverse causality. The preferred estimator that is based on firm fixed effects insinuates that the voting rights of ultimate shareholders affect Tobin’s q unambiguously negatively, whereas the squared voting rights affect it unambiguously positively. This implies a U-curved relationship between Tobin’s q and voting rights concentration with a turning point at 45%. More than 75% of the companies fall in the upward sloping part of the curve. While positive incentive effects are at work in Pakistan, financial market development is retarded by the reluctance of minority shareholders facing dominant shareholders to hold small stakes in listed companies. Consistently, institutional shareholders do not yet provide a positive monitoring role in Pakistan.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "The square directed by a dominant"
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Vaculíková, Petra. "Veřejné prostory historického jádra Brna - náměstí." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233246.
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Changes of physical, functional and social structure of the city as a result of the group of variously interrelated changes and events that are fundamentally participate in the formation of the image of the urban development. This doctoral thesis is based on research of the historical city center - squared. First part is focuses on the historical development of urban texture of the inner city of Brno and its squares. We are talking about Square of Freedom, Vegetable Market, Dominican square, Jacobs square, Capuchins square and Šilingrovo square. Based on individual characteristics, describing the emergence of morphological and functional changes in Brno square was created urban classification of basic types of square. City of Brno, as the capital city of region has a significant position in the structure of settlements. This fact has become one of the key aspects for the selection of examples of European cities and their squares. The second part of the thesis is based on comparative studies of different types of historical squares. In order to define the value of public spaces, it is necessary to look at the public places of historical perspective and deal with the causes that led to the decline of the importance and role of public spaces. Austrian capital cities of region (Graz, Linz, Klagenfurt and Salzburg) will be examined with regard to similar climatic conditions and a common cultural and historical context of the city. Based on urban patterns and graphic diagrams of each square are observed inner relationships between shapes of square, form, function and location of the position of an artwork. Research areas are also focused on comparing aspects of transport, green space, functional use, visual unit and social activities. The public space is shaped by a set of characteristics that promote diversity and interdependence of functions. For a better interpretation of the results have been established two benchmarks - symbol of identification with the place and the Magnet (function and filling space). The objective of the thesis is to define an aspects and elements of space which were involved in square use.
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Cavender, Terri A. "The Use of the Power Method to Find Dominant Eigenvalues of Matrices." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501200/.
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This paper is the result of a study of the power method to find dominant eigenvalues of square matrices. It introduces ideas basic to the study and shows the development of the power method for the most well-behaved matrices possible, and it explores exactly which other types of matrices yield to the power method. The paper also discusses a type of matrix typically considered impossible for the power method, along with a modification of the power method which works for this type of matrix. It gives an overview of common extensions of the power method. The appendices contain BASIC versions of the power method and its modification.
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Zhang, Ying [Verfasser], Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] Horstkorte, Henning [Akademischer Betreuer] Ebelt, and Gerhild [Akademischer Betreuer] Euler. "Directed expression of dominant-negative p73 in mouse hearts / Ying Zhang. Betreuer: Rüdiger Horstkorte ; Henning Ebelt ; Gerhild Euler." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1025303016/34.
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Walker, DayVon L. "Power Graphs of Quasigroups." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7984.
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We investigate power graphs of quasigroups. The power graph of a quasigroup takes the elements of the quasigroup as its vertices, and there is an edge from one element to a second distinct element when the second is a left power of the first. We first compute the power graphs of small quasigroups (up to four elements). Next we describe quasigroups whose power graphs are directed paths, directed cycles, in-stars, out-stars, and empty. We do so by specifying partial Cayley tables, which cannot always be completed in small examples. We then consider sinks in the power graph of a quasigroup, as subquasigroups give rise to sinks. We show that certain structures cannot occur as sinks in the power graph of a quasigroup. More generally, we show that certain highly connected substructures must have edges leading out of the substructure. We briefly comment on power graphs of Bol loops.
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Barou, Emilie. "De l'ingénierie de protéines de liaison aux odorants à la détection électrochimique de molécules volatiles : vers la conception de biocapteurs et nez électroniques." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS045.
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La détection de molécules odorantes représente un enjeu important dans divers domaines tels que l’industrie alimentaire, le diagnostic médical et la sécurité du territoire, par exemple. En effet, les odorants, présents par milliers dans notre environnement, véhiculent de nombreuses informations, via leur nature chimique ou leur concentration. Notre système olfactif est capable de discriminer des milliers de molécules différentes via des mécanismes biochimiques impliquant l’association de nombreux partenaires protéiques et un codage combinatoire de l’information. Ces biomolécules, qui englobent notamment les récepteurs olfactifs et les protéines de liaison aux odorants (OBP), constituent une source intéressante d’éléments de détection pour la conception de biocapteurs. Les OBP sont de petites protéines solubles présentent dans le mucus nasal à des concentrations de l’ordre du millimolaire. Leur poche de liaison hydrophobe leur confère la capacité de lier de façon réversible les molécules odorantes. Leur robustesse et leur manipulation aisée en font de bonnes candidates pour l’élaboration de biocapteurs. Au cours de ce travail, nous nous sommes intéressés à la détection de molécules odorantes en associant des OBP comme biorécepteur et l’électrochimie comme méthode de transduction. Par une méthode de mutagenèse dirigée, nous avons montré qu’en modifiant un seul des acides aminés dans la poche de liaison de deux OBP de rat (rOBP2 et rOBP3), il était possible de moduler leurs affinités envers les odorants. En parallèle, nous avons décrit la détection qualitative et quantitative de molécules volatiles à partir d’OBP. Nous avons montré que rOBP3 lie la 2-méthyl-1,4-naphtoquinone (MNQ), une sonde électrochimique. La quantité de MNQ déplacée de la poche de liaison de rOBP3 par la 3-isobutyl-2-méthoxypyrazine (IBMP), un odorant modèle, a été mesurée par voltammétrie cyclique à vagues carrées. Nous avons déterminé les constantes de dissociation des complexes rOBP3 / MNQ et rOBP3 / IBMP. Les valeurs mesurées par électrochimie ont été confirmées par compétition avec une sonde fluorescente et par titration calorimétrique isotherme. En combinant cette nouvelle méthode analytique à des variants de rOBP3 qui présentent des profils de liaison différents et complémentaires, nous avons détecté sélectivement chacun des constituants d’un mélange ternaire d’odorants. Ces travaux, qui allient ingénierie des OBP et électrochimie, offrent des perspectives intéressantes dans le domaine des nez électroniquesThe detection of odorant molecules has become an important challenge in different research area, such as the food industry, medical diagnostics and homeland security. Indeed, the thousands of odorants in our environment provide information on their chemical nature or their concentration. Human olfactory system is capable of discriminating thousands of different molecules thanks to biochemical mechanisms involving multiple protein receptor partners and a combinatorial coding. These biomolecules that include olfactory receptors and odorant-binding proteins (OBP) represent an interesting source of detectors for the design of biosensors. OBPs are small soluble proteins present in nasal mucus at millimolar concentrations. Their hydrophobic binding pocket gives them the ability to reversibly bind odorant molecules. OBPs are robust and easy to produce and are thus good candidates for the design of biosensors. In this work, we focused on the detection of odorant molecules associating OBPs as a bioreceptor and electrochemistry as a transduction method. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we have shown that by substituting a single amino acid in the binding pocket of two rat OBPs (rOBP2 and rOBP3), it is possible to modulate their binding affinities towards odorants. In parallel, we described a qualitative and quantitative method for the detection of volatile molecules using OBPs. We have shown that rOBP3 binds 2-methyl-1,4-naphtoquinone (MNQ), an electrochemical probe. The amount of MNQ displaced from the binding pocket of rOBP3 by the model odorant 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), was measured using square-wave voltammetry. We determined the dissociation constants of the rOBP3 / MNQ and rOBP3 / IBMP complexes. These values measured by electrochemistry were confirmed by a competitive fluorescent assay and isothermal titration calorimetry. By combining this new analytical method to rOBP3 variants with different and complementary binding profiles, we were able to selectively detect each of the components of a ternary mixture of odorants. This work, that combines the engineering of OBPs and electrochemistry, offers us interesting perspectives in the field of electronic noses
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Neklapilová, Petra. "Návrh sídelní struktury soudobého města v historickém prostředí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-414274.
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The diploma thesis deals with an urban study on the territory of Červený kopec, specifically in the part of the territory of Stráň. It is a locality stated as a brownfield Kohnova cihelna. The proposal aims to make the most of the potential of this site, which lies in its proximity to the city center, the neighborhood of the national natural monument, a significant area of greenery and the views that this place provides due to its topographic situation. A new city district is proposed on the area of 18 hectares, which would cover one of the "brownfield holes" on the map of the city of Brno and at the same time help against the outflow of population to the outskirts of the city and against the creation of urban satellites. Numerous public opinion polls show that they would like to live close to the city, but at the same time especially young families long for their own house in a quiet countryside location. Therefore, a compact development of terraced houses, terrace villas and blocks of flats with private courtyards is proposed here, complemented by quality public space and civic amenities. This new city district would offer housing for about 3,500 new residents.
Books on the topic "The square directed by a dominant"
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Worrall, David. Freedom of Speech. Edited by David Duff. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199660896.013.15.
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This chapter argues that systems of government suppression and surveillance of written and vocal expression were present in Britain before, as well as after, the French Revolution and war with France. The chapter rebalances dominant accounts in Romantic studies of a small coterie of radical writers and poets by examining how suppression was embedded at a provincial and regional level, where enforcement agencies and legal authorities enjoyed a large degree of autonomy. Surveillance sometimes involved the use of directed informants (spies), typically persons holding local minor public offices. The chapter also examines how legal case histories created an often unpredictable series of precedents. The chapter shows how presecutions were often directed at publishers and booksellers rather than authors, and how assembly, rather than utterance, triggered government crackdowns, the venue of assembly being an important factor.
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Minteer, Ben A. Environmental Ethics, Sustainability Science, and the Recovery of Pragmatism. Edited by Stephen M. Gardiner and Allen Thompson. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199941339.013.46.
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The recent emergence of sustainability science has created opportunities and challenges for environmental ethics. On the one hand, the fast growth and increasing influence of sustainability science in environmental management and policy circles—and its normative character as a goal-directed enterprise focused on moving society toward a more durable socio-ecological relationship—provides an opening for environmental ethics to contribute to the development of this new transdisciplinary science. Yet traditional (and historically dominant) nonanthropocentric ethics will prove difficult to reconcile with sustainability science’s strong emphasis on the anthropocentric goals of improving human welfare and well-being. A more explicitly pragmatic understanding of environmental ethics, a view that combines respect for nature with a wider sense of value pluralism (including more human-directed values) in the cautious shaping of ecological systems for conservation and human benefit, has the potential to draw the two fields closer together at this critical stage in their developmental trajectories.
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Coleman, Dawn. The Bible and the Sermonic Tradition. Edited by Paul C. Gutjahr. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190258849.013.41.
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This chapter assesses the Bible in American preaching from the seventeenth century to the present by analyzing dominant uses of scripture in two types of Protestant sermons: the cultic, or those addressed to the faith community, and the civic, or those directed to a public beyond the church. Primary strands of cultic preaching have been the salvation of the soul, associated with John 3:3 and evangelicalism from the Great Awakening forward, and spiritual improvement and well-being, which draws on a wide range of mainly New Testament passages, notably the Sermon on the Mount, and historically has been more pronounced in liberal churches and among Methodists. In recent decades, American civic preaching has been linked to the jeremiad, a form derived from Old Testament prophetic rhetoric, yet it should also be recognized as featuring prominent motifs of freedom and of love, for which the central texts include, respectively, Exodus and the injunction to love thy neighbor as thyself.
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Duquette, Jonathan. Defending God in Sixteenth-Century India. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198870616.001.0001.
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This book is the first in-depth study of the Śaiva oeuvre of the celebrated polymath Appaya Dīkṣita (1520–1593). It documents the rise to prominence and scholarly reception of Śivādvaita Vedānta, a Sanskrit-language school of philosophical theology which Appaya single-handedly established, thus securing his reputation as a legendary advocate of Śaiva religion in early modern India. Based to a large extent on hitherto unstudied primary sources in Sanskrit, this study offers new insights on Appaya’s early polemical works and main source of Śivādvaita exegesis, Śrīkaṇṭha’s Brahmamīmāṃsābhāṣya; it identifies Appaya’s key intellectual influences and opponents in his reconstruction of Śrīkaṇṭha’s theology; and it highlights some of the key arguments and strategies he used to make his ambitious project a success. Centred on his magnum opus of Śivādvaita Vedānta, the Śivārkamaṇidīpikā, this book demonstrates that Appaya’s Śaiva oeuvre was mainly directed against Viśiṣṭādvaita Vedānta, the dominant Vaiṣṇava school of philosophical theology in his time and place. A far-reaching study of the challenges of Indian theism, this book opens up new possibilities for our understanding of religious debates and polemics in early modern India as seen through the lenses of one of its most important intellectuals.
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Clark, Shannan. The Making of the American Creative Class. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199731626.001.0001.
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During most of the twentieth century, the production of America’s consumer culture was centralized in New York to an extent unparalleled in the history of the modern United States. Within a few square miles were the headquarters of broadcast networks like NBC and CBS, the editorial offices of book and magazine publishers, major newspapers, and advertising and design agencies. Every day tens of thousands of writers, editors, artists, performers, technicians, secretaries, and other white-collar workers made advertisements, produced media content, and enhanced the appearance of goods in order to boost sales. While this center of creativity has often been portrayed as a smoothly running machine, within these offices many white-collar workers challenged the managers and executives who directed their labor. This book examines these workers and New York’s culture industries throughout the twentieth century. As manufacturers and retailers competed to attract consumers’ attention, their advertising expenditures financed the growth of enterprises engaged in the production of culture. With the shock of the Great Depression, employees in these firms organized unions to improve their working conditions; launched alternative media and cultural endeavors supported by public, labor, or cooperative patronage; and fought in other ways to expand their creative autonomy. As blacklisting and attacks on unions undermined these efforts after the Second World War, workers in advertising, design, publishing, and broadcasting found themselves constrained in their ability to respond to economic dislocations and to combat discrimination on the basis of gender and race in these fields of cultural production.
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Uma análise da percepção docente, gestora e familiar sobre a qualidade da educação básica em escolas públicas em defesa do modelo cívico-militar. Editora Acadêmica Periodicojs, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51249/hp07.2021.33.
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The objective of this study was to analyze the perception of teachers, managers and family members of the municipal and state education system in a city in the Metropolitan Region of Recife / PE regarding the quality of basic education, difficulties faced, student performance and the process of implementing the civic-military model in the the public school. 64 subjects participated in the study, which were subdivided into 13 managers, 30 teachers working in elementary and high school and 21 parents / guardians of a municipal school and a state school. The instruments used for data collection were 3 (three) electronic questionnaires developed in Google forms, containing objective and subjective questions, directed to managers, teachers and parents / guardians. Quantitative data were treated statistically by the PRISMA for Windows program - Version 4.03 and analyzed by the Chi-square test, with p <0.05, expressed in percentages, and the data referring to the qualitative evaluation were treated through analysis of content, with data represented qualitatively and expressed in a table. It was found in this study, from the perception of teachers, managers and parents about basic education, that the main problems faced are associated with the low interest of students in studies (69.2%; 76.7%, p= 0.032) and lack of adequate structure (50%, p= 0.038). Regarding the contribution of the civic-military model, the study pointed out the improvement of students' behavior in the family, school and social environment (71.4% p= 0.053), improving the quality of basic education with an emphasis on access, permanence and in learning (66.7% p= 0.036), makes the teacher feel valued (61.9% p= 0.042), contributes to preventing violence in the school environment and improving school performance (66.7% p= 0.024), contributes to the promotion of society's moral, civic and patriotic values (81.0 p= 0.031), and based on the current model (55%; 54.2% p= 0.005) of teachers and parents feel dissatisfied. We conclude that the civic-military model can contribute to reducing evasion, valuing the teacher, improving student behavior, improving the quality of basic education with an emphasis on access, permanence and learning and contributing to the promotion of society’s family, civic and patriotic end moral values.
Book chapters on the topic "The square directed by a dominant"
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Hughes, Neil, and José Mansilla. "Political discourse analysis of the degrowth challenge to dominant tourism narratives in Spain." In Issues and cases of degrowth in tourism, 86–103. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245073.0086.
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Abstract This chapter uses as a case Spanish cities such as Madrid, Palma de Mallorca, Bilbao, Seville, Valencia and Barcelona, to explore the role that degrowth social movement actors and ideas have played in protest action directed at the tourism sector in recent years. The authors identify important episodes of contestation in which degrowth activists have been present. Particularly after 2015, the Neighbourhood Assembly for Sustainable Tourism, a degrowth-inspired association made up of grassroots organizations, assemblies and groups, has made several efforts to reduce the flow of tourists to Barcelona in an attempt to reverse the damaging social, economic, cultural and environmental effects that mass tourism is having on the city. In its attempt to explore various degrowth issues, the chapter sets out a conceptual framework that draws from key literature in the field of political discourse analysis, Althusserian treatment of ideology and interpellation, and work on degrowth and tourism.
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Hughes, Neil, and José Mansilla. "Political discourse analysis of the degrowth challenge to dominant tourism narratives in Spain." In Issues and cases of degrowth in tourism, 86–103. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245073.0005.
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Abstract This chapter uses as a case Spanish cities such as Madrid, Palma de Mallorca, Bilbao, Seville, Valencia and Barcelona, to explore the role that degrowth social movement actors and ideas have played in protest action directed at the tourism sector in recent years. The authors identify important episodes of contestation in which degrowth activists have been present. Particularly after 2015, the Neighbourhood Assembly for Sustainable Tourism, a degrowth-inspired association made up of grassroots organizations, assemblies and groups, has made several efforts to reduce the flow of tourists to Barcelona in an attempt to reverse the damaging social, economic, cultural and environmental effects that mass tourism is having on the city. In its attempt to explore various degrowth issues, the chapter sets out a conceptual framework that draws from key literature in the field of political discourse analysis, Althusserian treatment of ideology and interpellation, and work on degrowth and tourism.
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Kuo, Jian-Long, Kun Shian Su, Jing-Hsiung Yang, and Wen-Pao Chen. "An Intelligent Interface with Composite Dominant Directed Graph Based Petri Nets Controller for Rotatable Solar Panel in Integrated PHEV System." In Trends in Applied Intelligent Systems, 271–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13033-5_28.
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Rouibah, Kamel, T. Ramayah, and Oh Sook May. "Modeling User Acceptance of Internet Banking in Malaysia." In E-Adoption and Socio-Economic Impacts, 1–23. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-597-1.ch001.
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This study is the first empirical research that compares three well known technology adoption models in the in the field of e-banking. It aims to determine the dominant factor(s) which influence the user intention to use Internet banking. Three models (TAM, TPB, and TRA) were used to test the impact of five factors (perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) on intention to adopt e-banking by 239 individual bank customers in Malaysia. Survey questions from prior studies were adopted and customized. Partial least Square (PLS) SmartPLS M2 Version 2.0 was used for data analysis. Results reveal that the five factors have a direct positive effect on behavioral intention to use Internet banking. However, attitude toward behavior has the highest beta, followed by perceived usefulness, and subjective norm, while perceived behavioral control exerts the weakest effect. In testing the explanatory power of the different models, results found TAM model has the best explanatory power, followed by TPB and TRA models. Findings of the study should benefit banks in improving their use of e-banking technologies as a strategic weapon, and can be used to target more potential customers.
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Yorel Noriega Aquise, Guillermo. "Low-Cost Single-Family House through The Use of Precast Reinforced Concrete Elements." In Sustainable Housing [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98430.
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A technical design is developed to attend and assist populations in need of single-family housing and for populations in post-emergency situations. It exposes a production process of precast reinforced concrete elements, to be produced in a small production plant or at the site, with a minimum of equipment and tools. It is intended to establish a low-cost single-family house construction system with pre-fabricated reinforced concrete elements, which will become a technological alternative to traditional confined masonry construction. It presents a production line of six types of houses. For the comparison, a methodological process is followed, the comparison is made between the process of building houses with precast concrete elements and with the building process by confined masonry, the traditional process most used in Peru. The dominant principle of comparison is the equality of the useful surface of the rooms. The outstanding and visual difference is in the thickness of the walls, in the prefabricated house it is 0.10 meters and in the houses with confined masonry it is 0.15 m. The costs, production times and assembly, of the building with prefabricated elements, is low, compared to the building process by confined masonry. An in-line production process is established, of prefabricated elements with minimal equipment. The basic criterion is to manufacture that does not exceed the capacity of the size of the manufacturing, transport and assembly equipment. A simple process for the assembly was examined, a minimum period of construction of a prefabricated house of 2 hours was determined at any time of the year. The lowest cost, the direct cost has been achieved in VUF 04 at $ 264.50 US dollars per square meter and in total costs of $ 374.54 US dollars per square meter.
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Seal, Mike, and Pete Harris. "Responding to structural and symbolic violence: a comparative case study." In Responding to Youth Violence Through Youth Work. Policy Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447323099.003.0012.
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In the chapter, the authors identify how workers in London are struggling to combat dominant modes of structural violence and then details a street-based youth work project in Graz, Austria that specifically targets symbolic and structural violence directed at young people in public space, through the use of symbolic acts of resistance.
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Amponsah, Samual, Samual Kofi Badu-Nyarko, Godfred Alfred Nii Sai Obodai, and Prince Anane. "Learning Environment for Supporting Undergraduate Online Distance Education Students." In Student Support Toward Self-Directed Learning in Open and Distributed Environments, 78–102. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9316-4.ch004.
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The University of Ghana adopted the use of the Sakai Learning Management System to create an online environment for its DE students. Based on which, this study sought to examine the support provided for online students of the University of Ghana. The study further sought to determine the association between selected demographic characteristics and student satisfaction with online pre-admission processes, usage of online learning tools, and online social environment. In total, 126 questionnaires were completed and analyzed to generate frequencies, percentages, Anova, and chi-square values. It was established that weak online learning social environment does not encourage tutors and students' interactions, which led to a generally average use of online learning support tools. This implies that academic and administrative support were practically far away from the student, which is detrimental to the development of self-directed learning. The researchers recommended training for support staff, tutors, and students to create an effective online support for online distance students.
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Zrinščak, Siniša. "Religion, welfare and gender: the post-communist experience." In Religion and Welfare in Europe. Policy Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447318972.003.0007.
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This chapter looks at the complex situation in post-communist Europe, where the transition from a command economy to a neoliberal system has created new forms of exclusion, with rudimentary or conservative welfare regimes that have great difficulty in providing social coverage for every citizen. Post-communist countries have different degrees of familism and different degrees of civil society activism. Both Croatia and Poland—with their dominant Catholic churches and welfare charities—are somewhat similar to Italy, while Romania—with its dominant Orthodox Church—shares some similarities with Greece, but with a weaker social and religious organisation. In Latvia, there are Lutheran, Catholic and Orthodox churches that are related to different ethnic and language groups. In all post-communist cases, religious minorities are more or less welcomed, but their welfare activities are mostly directed towards their own members. This is exemplified by the neo-Protestant minorities in Poland and Romania that have developed extensive social assistance networks.
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Miller, Aaron E., Tracy M. DeAngelis, Michelle Fabian, and Ilana Katz Sand. "To CIDP or Not to CIDP." In Neuroimmunology, 117–20. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190693190.003.0022.
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POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal plasma cell disorder, and skin changes) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome. It is generally associated with an underlying plasma cell neoplasm, most commonly osteosclerotic myeloma. The most common paraprotein identified is either IgG or IgA lambda. The dominant symptom of POEMS is neuropathy, present in essentially all cases. The neuropathy of POEMS is a chronic progressive polyneuropathy with predominant motor disability. The fundamental treatment for POEMS is directed at the underlying systemic condition. Among the most commonly used therapies are steroids, alkylating chemotherapies, and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, as well as bortezomib, a protease inhibitor approved for the treatment of myeloma.
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Long, William J. "Introduction." In Tantric State, 1–8. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190843397.003.0001.
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This study asks, “How does democratic governance and economic development differ when founded on Eastern, Buddhist principles, rather than dominant Western, liberal, and Enlightenment values and beliefs?” The small, remote country of Bhutan, the only democratic, market-based state in the world rooted constitutionally and culturally in Mahayana Buddhist principles and ethics, provides a heuristic case study for comparing two distinct approaches to democracy and development. Because the two approaches—Eastern and Western—are based on distinctive philosophical traditions that differ on important, first-order principles, comparison can bring to light new questions, frames of inquiry, and alternative approaches to contemporary democratic theory and practice and broaden our conceptualization of, and policies directed toward, human development.
Conference papers on the topic "The square directed by a dominant"
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Hulet, Brandon, Andres Martinez, Melanie Derby, and Amy Rachel Betz. "Effect of Open Micro-Channels on External Condensation Heat Transfer." In ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2016-8062.
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This research experimentally investigates the heat transfer performance of open-micro channels under filmwise condensation conditions. Filmwise condensation is an important factor in the design of steam condensers used in thermoelectric power generation, desalination, and other industrial applications. Filmwise condensation averages five times lower heat transfer coefficients than those present in dropwise condensation, and filmwise condensation is the dominant condensation regime in the steam condensers due to a lack of a durable dropwise condensation surface. Film thickness is also of concern because it is directly proportional to the condenser’s overall thermal resistance. This research focuses on optimizing the channel size to inhibit the creation of a water film and/or to reduce its overall thickness in order to maximize the heat transfer coefficient of the surface. Condensation heat transfer was measured in three square channels and a plane surface as a control. The sizes of the square fins were 0.25 mm; 0.5 mm; and 1 mm, and tests were done at a constant pressure of 6.2 kPa. At lower heat fluxes, the 0.25mm fins perform better, whereas at larger heat fluxes a smooth surface offers better performance. At lower heat fluxes, droplets are swept away by gravity before the channels are flooded. Whereas, at higher heat fluxes, the channels are flooded increasing the total film thickness, thereby reducing the heat transfer coefficient.
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Lee, Sang Woo, Seong Kuk Joo, and Joon Sik Lee. "Flow Characteristics Inside Circular Injection Holes Normally Oriented to a Crossflow: Part II — Three Dimensional Flow Data and Aerodynamic Loss." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0257.
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Presented are three-dimensional mean velocity components and aerodynamic loss data inside circular injection holes. The holes are normally oriented to a crossflow and each hole has a sharp square-edged inlet. Because of their importance to flow behavior, three different blowing ratios of M = 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0, and the hole length-to-diameter ratios of L/D = 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 are investigated. The entry flow is characterized by a separation bubble, meanwhile the exit flow by the direct interaction with the crossflow. The uniform on-coming flow at the inlet undergoes a strong acceleration and a subsequent gradual deceleration along a converging-diverging flow passage formed by the inlet separation bubble. After passing the throat of the converging-diverging passage, the potential-core flow which is nearly axisymmetric decelerates on the windward side, but tends to accelerate on the leeward side. The presence of the crossflow thus reduces the discharge of the injectant on the windward side, but enhances its efflux on the leeward side. This trend is greatly accentuated at M = 0.5. In general, there are strong secondary flows in the inlet and exit planes of the injection hole. The secondary flow within the injection hole, on the other hand, is found relatively weak. The inlet secondary flow is characterized by a strong inward flow toward the injection-hole center. However, it is not completely directed inward since the crossflow effect is superimposed on it. Past the throat, the secondary flow is observed such that the leeward velocity component induced by the crossflow is superimposed on the diverging flow. Short L/D usually results in the exit discharging flow with a steep velocity gradient as well as a strong deceleration on the windward side, as low M does. The aerodynamic loss inside the injection hole is originated from the inlet separation bubble, wall friction and interaction of the injectant with the crossflow. The first one is considered as the most dominant source of loss, even in the case of L/D = 2.0. At L/D = 0.5, the first and third sources are strongly coupled with each other. Regardless of L/D, the mass-averaged aerodynamic loss coefficient has an increasing tendency with increasing M.
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Amar, Haddad, Rached-Kanouni Malika, Badri Boukous, Mokhtar Adjadj, and Walid Medjoub. "STUDY OF THE VIABILITY OF ALEPPO PINE TREES BY USING PHF INDEX." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b2/v3/24.
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This work, which was conducted in the Chettaba forest about the viability of the stands can be given by the PHF index, a three-digit index that gives a judgment of the position of the tree (in relation to the others and thus indicating the dominance and the stage of competition or exposure to the dominant stage), of the general shape of the crowns, and of the shape of the shafts, it allows a more detailed silvicultural interpretation to predict the future of the stand and ultimately deduce the viability of the stands. Thus, there is an essential need for a study to be conducted in this regard to understand the existing problems and to bring about proposals on the appropriate intervention in logged surface. The slenderness coefficient of a tree is defined as the ratio of the total height (H) to the diameter at 1.3 m above ground level (d). For the stand level, the slenderness coefficient is calculated using the root mean square diameter and the average tree height as (H/D). It is well known that there is a direct relationship between the stand slenderness coefficient and the risk of stem breakage. It is well known that there is a direct relationship between the stand slenderness coefficient and the risk of stem breakage or tree fall due to abiotic factors such as wind or snow. Sustainability monitoring is crucial to the credibility, validation, value of the options implemented and should be considered early on in the planning process this allows us to say that these stands are stable in the forest and always in the 6 plots studied. Analyses results show a mid-viability for the forest and more of individual listed present instability which is indicated by a medium stability of forests stand’s quality (PHF = 123) and a slenderness coefficient (H/D = 34.47).
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Chen, Chung-Chu, and Tong-Miin Liou. "Rotating Effect on Fluid Flow in a Smooth Duct With a 180-Deg Sharp Turn." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0228.
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Laser-Doppler velocimetry (LDV) measurements are presented of turbulent flow in a two-pass square-sectioned duct simulating the coolant passages employed in gas turbine blades under rotating and non-rotating conditions. For all cases studied, the Reynolds number characterized by duct hydraulic diameter (Dh) and bulk mean velocity (Ub) was fixed at 1 × 104. The rotating case had a range of rotation number (Ro = ΩDh/Ub) from 0 to 0.2. It is found that both the skewness of streamwise mean velocity and magnitude of secondary-flow velocity increase linearly, and the magnitude of turbulence intensity level increases non-linearly with increasing Ro. As Ro is increased, the curvature induced symmetric Dean vortices in the turn for Ro = 0 is gradually dominated by a single vortex most of which impinges directly on the outer part of leading wall. The high turbulent kinetic energy is closely related to the dominant vortex prevailing inside the 180-deg sharp turn. For the first time, the measured flow characteristics account for the reported spanwise heat transfer distributions in the rotating channels, especially the high heat transfer enhancement on the leading wall in the turn. For both rotating and non-rotating cases, the direction and strength of the secondary flow with respect to the wall are the most important fluid dynamic factors affecting local heat transfer distributions inside a 180-deg sharp turn. The role of the turbulent kinetic energy in affecting the overall enhancement of heat transfer is well addressed.
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Vivek, G., Meenu D. Nair, and Mukti Barai. "Synchronised Microcontroller Architecture to eliminate dominant harmonics from Quasi square waveform." In 2016 IEEE 7th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pedg.2016.7527018.
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Zhang, Gang, Z. M. Ma, and Zhiping Cai. "Directed filter for dominant direction fuzzy set in content-based image retrieval." In the 2007 ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1244002.1244019.
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Liu, Shuai, Lihua Xie, and Yushen Long. "Mean square average consensus over directed communication topology with measurement noises." In 2014 33rd Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2014.6896869.
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Hwang, Sung Sue, Sang Seok Yun, and Suk Chan Kim. "Decision directed recursive least square adaptive channel estimation for OFDMA uplink system." In 2011 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wts.2011.5960863.
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Liu, Xinyu, Ning Lou, Swapnil Patole, Dan Rutman, Yachao Wang, and Jing Shi. "Experimental Investigation of Micro-Machinability of Nano-TiC Reinforced Inconel Fabricated by Direct Metal Laser Melting." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-51218.
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The objective of this paper is to experimentally investigate the machinability of nano-TiC reinforced Nickel based super alloy Inconel 718 fabricated by direct metal selective laser melting (SLM). Four 10×10×3 square test coupons were fabricated with different amount of nano-TiC: (1) pure Inconel 718, (2) Inconel 718+0.25% TiC, (3) Inconel 718 + 0.5% TiC, of 508 microns. The machinability of the four materials were examined in terms of cutting forces, tool wear and chip morphology. Three level of federates (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 um/flute) and three level of spindle speeds (12,000, 15,000 and 18,000 rpm) were selected and a 32 full factorial experiment was performed on each test coupon. Full immersion slotting was selected with a fixed axial depth of cut at 20 microns. The SEM images of the tools reveal that the dominant wear mechanisms were abrasive wear at the tool tip and flank face. The adhesion and build up edge were also common. The wear rate increases with the addition of nano-TiC. The loss of the AlTiC coating will result in accelerated wear, which was observed for machining of nano-TiC reinforced Inconel 718, but not on pure Inconel 718. The edge chipping and abrasive wear at the tool tip reduced the effective cutting diameter, enlarged the edge radius, and caused the increase of the cutting force. For all the materials tested, the cutting chips had serrated edge on the free surface and much smoother surface on the other side, which suggests that a cyclic chip formation of alternating high shear strain followed by low shear strain. This is in agreement with the chip formation mechanism for the Inconel 718 fabricated with conventional method rather than DMLS. The serration is more severe with the and (4) Inconel 718 + 1% TiC. Tensile tests were performed on all four material and the material strength increases with the increase of the TiC content up to 0.5% then plateaued. The elongation drop significantly with the inclusion of TiC in Inconel substrate. Micro-endmilling experiments were conducted using AlTiN coated WC micro-mill with nominal diameter addition of nano-TiC. The cutting forces were collected with a Kistler 3-axial load cell 9017B. The cutting forces increases with the increase spindle speed (hence surface speed) within the range examined, but the effect of feedrate is not statistically significant. The cutting forces were much higher for TiC reinforced Inconel and the magnitude of the cutting forces increases with the increase of the weight percentage of TiC contents.
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Liu, Shunlan, Mingzeng Dai, and Caiyi Lou. "Concurrent Modified Square Contour Algorithm and Soft Decision-Directed Scheme for Blind Equalization." In Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fskd.2007.225.
Full textReports on the topic "The square directed by a dominant"
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Ruiz, Pablo, Craig Perry, Alejando Garcia, Magali Guichardot, Michael Foguer, Joseph Ingram, Michelle Prats, Carlos Pulido, Robert Shamblin, and Kevin Whelan. The Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve vegetation mapping project: Interim report—Northwest Coastal Everglades (Region 4), Everglades National Park (revised with costs). National Park Service, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2279586.
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The Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve vegetation mapping project is part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP). It is a cooperative effort between the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD), the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and the National Park Service’s (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Inventory Program (VMI). The goal of this project is to produce a spatially and thematically accurate vegetation map of Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve prior to the completion of restoration efforts associated with CERP. This spatial product will serve as a record of baseline vegetation conditions for the purpose of: (1) documenting changes to the spatial extent, pattern, and proportion of plant communities within these two federally-managed units as they respond to hydrologic modifications resulting from the implementation of the CERP; and (2) providing vegetation and land-cover information to NPS park managers and scientists for use in park management, resource management, research, and monitoring. This mapping project covers an area of approximately 7,400 square kilometers (1.84 million acres [ac]) and consists of seven mapping regions: four regions in Everglades National Park, Regions 1–4, and three in Big Cypress National Preserve, Regions 5–7. The report focuses on the mapping effort associated with the Northwest Coastal Everglades (NWCE), Region 4 , in Everglades National Park. The NWCE encompasses a total area of 1,278 square kilometers (493.7 square miles [sq mi], or 315,955 ac) and is geographically located to the south of Big Cypress National Preserve, west of Shark River Slough (Region 1), and north of the Southwest Coastal Everglades (Region 3). Photo-interpretation was performed by superimposing a 50 × 50-meter (164 × 164-feet [ft] or 0.25 hectare [0.61 ac]) grid cell vector matrix over stereoscopic, 30 centimeters (11.8 inches) spatial resolution, color-infrared aerial imagery on a digital photogrammetric workstation. Photo-interpreters identified the dominant community in each cell by applying majority-rule algorithms, recognizing community-specific spectral signatures, and referencing an extensive ground-truth database. The dominant vegetation community within each grid cell was classified using a hierarchical classification system developed specifically for this project. Additionally, photo-interpreters categorized the absolute cover of cattail (Typha sp.) and any invasive species detected as either: Sparse (10–49%), Dominant (50–89%), or Monotypic (90–100%). A total of 178 thematic classes were used to map the NWCE. The most common vegetation classes are Mixed Mangrove Forest-Mixed and Transitional Bayhead Shrubland. These two communities accounted for about 10%, each, of the mapping area. Other notable classes include Short Sawgrass Marsh-Dense (8.1% of the map area), Mixed Graminoid Freshwater Marsh (4.7% of the map area), and Black Mangrove Forest (4.5% of the map area). The NWCE vegetation map has a thematic class accuracy of 88.4% with a lower 90th Percentile Confidence Interval of 84.5%.