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Journal articles on the topic 'The state actions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Bottrighi, Alessio, Marco Guazzone, Giorgio Leonardi, Stefania Montani, Manuel Striani, and Paolo Terenziani. "Towards Action-State Process Model Discovery." Data 8, no. 8 (2023): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data8080130.

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Process model discovery covers the different methodologies used to mine a process model from traces of process executions, and it has an important role in artificial intelligence research. Current approaches in this area, with a few exceptions, focus on determining a model of the flow of actions only. However, in several contexts, (i) restricting the attention to actions is quite limiting, since the effects of such actions also have to be analyzed, and (ii) traces provide additional pieces of information in the form of states (i.e., values of parameters possibly affected by the actions); for i

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MURASHKIN, Mykhailo. "State of termination in religious-mystical culturе". Dnipro Academy of Continuing Education Herald. Series: Philosophy, Pedagogy, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023) (5 вересня 2023): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54891/2786-7005-2023-1-7.

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The article provides a comprehensive analysis of domestic and foreign developments on the issues of a certain state of man in general and the state of TERMINATION in the religious and secular life of man in particular; the concept of «termination» is substantiated; the content of the leading concepts of the problem is revealed. The signs, types, functions, and qualities of the TERMINATION state are highlighted and systematized. The analysis is carried out on the materials of the documentary on religious and mystical culture. The philosopher in his theoretical reflections tries to cover both th

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Ugelvik, Synnøve. "Justifications and State Actions." European Journal of Policing Studies 3, no. 2 (2015): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/ejps/2034760x2015003002004.

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Lozynskyy, Orest, Andriy Lozynskyy, and Yaroslav Paranchuk. "Representation of electrical mode in arc furnaces by a state change model and determination of probabilities of those states." Computational Problems of Electrical Engineering 8, no. 1 (2018): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jcpee2018.01.026.

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It is the first paper where the electrical mode of an arc furnace (AF) is proposed to be considered as a state change. This work also proposes a methodology for calculating the time values of the probabilities of these states. The methodology is based on the representation of state-change processes by the Markov model of continuous time, discrete state (CDS) stochastic processes. The state of electrical mode in each phase of an arc furnace is identified by the value of arc current that can be set for a given melting period, may be in the range of permitted deviations, or may get to the range o

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Russell, Devlin. "Intention as action under development: why intention is not a mental state." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 48, no. 5 (2018): 742–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.2017.1414524.

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AbstractThis paper constructs a theory according to which an intention is not a mental state but an action at a certain developmental stage. I model intention on organic life, and thus intention stands to action as (e.g.) tadpole stands to frog. I then argue for this theory by showing how it overcomes three problems: intending while (1) merely preparing, (2) not taking any steps, and (3) the action is impossible. The problems vanish when we see that not all actions are mature. Just as some frogs (such as tadpoles) are immature frogs, some actions (such as intentions) are immature actions.

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Petra, Priscila Cardia, Flávia Thedim Costa Bueno, Claudia Lopes Rodrigues Chagas, Leandro dos Reis Lage, and Marisa Palácios. "Pandemic solidarity: society’s responses to state insufficiency." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 27, no. 11 (2022): 4107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320222711.11052022en.

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Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic reached Brazil in a context of political and economic crises that have exacerbated existing inequalities and vulnerabilities. Individuals and organizations undertook actions to support others to mitigate the pandemic effects. Thirty-four interviews were conducted from October to November 2020 to identify the supportive actions to help others, analyzing them concerning (pandemic) solidarity. Solidarity and individualism frequently appeared in the interviews as qualifiers of such actions. Furthermore, we identified three cores in which these actions were staged: th

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Wang, Ziyi, Xinran Li, Luoyang Sun, Haifeng Zhang, Hualin Liu, and Jun Wang. "Learning State-Specific Action Masks for Reinforcement Learning." Algorithms 17, no. 2 (2024): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a17020060.

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Efficient yet sufficient exploration remains a critical challenge in reinforcement learning (RL), especially for Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) with vast action spaces. Previous approaches have commonly involved projecting the original action space into a latent space or employing environmental action masks to reduce the action possibilities. Nevertheless, these methods often lack interpretability or rely on expert knowledge. In this study, we introduce a novel method for automatically reducing the action space in environments with discrete action spaces while preserving interpretability. Th

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Shafi, Khalid Mahmood, Arif Ullah Khan, and Rafaqat Islam. "CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION AND STATE SOVEREIGNTY." Margalla Papers 25, no. 2 (2021): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.54690/margallapapers.25.2.77.

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Climate change is a reality recognized globally. Although global efforts are accelerating, there are fears in the underdeveloped world regarding the erosion of their sovereignty through climate change action and response mechanisms. Remedial actions taken at various levels are not a compensating reflection of this reality. There is a need to establish a well-thought-out mechanism and support fast-track climate change action and responses. This study, therefore, highlights the impact of climate change action on state sovereignty through in-depth analysis by interviewing climate experts and offi

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Shafi, Khalid Mahmood, Arif Ullah Khan, and Rafaqat Islam. "CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION AND STATE SOVEREIGNTY." Margalla Papers 25, no. 2 (2021): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.54690/margallapapers.25.2.77.

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Climate change is a reality recognized globally. Although global efforts are accelerating, there are fears in the underdeveloped world regarding the erosion of their sovereignty through climate change action and response mechanisms. Remedial actions taken at various levels are not a compensating reflection of this reality. There is a need to establish a well-thought-out mechanism and support fast-track climate change action and responses. This study, therefore, highlights the impact of climate change action on state sovereignty through in-depth analysis by interviewing climate experts and offi

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10

Lin, F. "Compiling Causal Theories to Successor State Axioms and STRIPS-Like Systems." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 19 (October 1, 2003): 279–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1135.

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We describe a system for specifying the effects of actions. Unlike those commonly used in AI planning, our system uses an action description language that allows one to specify the effects of actions using domain rules, which are state constraints that can entail new action effects from old ones. Declaratively, an action domain in our language corresponds to a nonmonotonic causal theory in the situation calculus. Procedurally, such an action domain is compiled into a set of logical theories, one for each action in the domain, from which fully instantiated successor state-like axioms and STRIPS

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Furtwengler, Carol B. "State Actions for Personnel Evaluation." education policy analysis archives 3 (February 15, 1995): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v3n4.1995.

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This article is an analysis four major policy issues associated with state actions for personnel evaluation from 1983 to 1992 and provides descriptive information about state policy actions taken during those years. Twenty states enacted their first requirements for performance evaluation, and states assumed new roles for program development, implementation, and staff development. Twenty-nine states passed legislation for performance pay programs, but only five programs remained viable by 1992. States generally avoided the issue of teacher tenure when enacting legislation for teacher evaluatio

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Paik, Jeom Kee. "Toward Limit State Design of Ships and Offshore Structures Under Impact Pressure Actions: A State-of-the-Art Review." Marine Technology and SNAME News 43, no. 03 (2006): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2006.43.3.135.

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In design of ships and ship-shaped offshore units, issues related to impact pressure actions arising from sloshing, slamming, green water, or explosion are of particular concern. The structural response under impact pressure actions is quite different from that under static or quasistatic actions. It has been recognized that the limit state approach is a more rational basis for structural design and safety assessment where both "demand" (loads) and "capacity" (strength) must be accurately defined. For impact pressure action cases, the demand is associated with hydrodynamics areas, taking into

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Guo, Xiaoxiao, Shiyu Chang, Mo Yu, Gerald Tesauro, and Murray Campbell. "Hybrid Reinforcement Learning with Expert State Sequences." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 3739–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33013739.

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Existing imitation learning approaches often require that the complete demonstration data, including sequences of actions and states, are available. In this paper, we consider a more realistic and difficult scenario where a reinforcement learning agent only has access to the state sequences of an expert, while the expert actions are unobserved. We propose a novel tensor-based model to infer the unobserved actions of the expert state sequences. The policy of the agent is then optimized via a hybrid objective combining reinforcement learning and imitation learning. We evaluated our hybrid approa

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Avery, Christopher, Frederick Chen, and David McAdams. "Steady-State Social Distancing and Vaccination." American Economic Review: Insights 6, no. 1 (2024): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aeri.20220699.

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This paper analyzes an economic-epidemiological model of infectious disease where it is possible to become infected more than once and individual agents make endogenous choices of social distancing and vaccine adoption. Protective actions adopted by any one person reduce future risks to other people. The positive externalities associated with these behaviors provide motivation for vaccine and social-distancing subsidies, but subsidizing one protective action reduces incentives for other protective actions. A vaccine subsidy increases vaccine adoption and reduces steady-state infection prevalen

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15

Thöns, Sebastian. "Structural assessment and expected utility gain." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 36 (August 18, 2022): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2022.36.0015.

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This paper contains an introduction, probabilistic formulation, and exemplification (1) of system state and utility actions, (2) system state and utility action value analysis and (3) a threshold formulation for a predicted information and action decision analysis. The approaches build upon structural condition assessment and provide a basis for the condition management by maximising the expected utility for information and actions before information acquirement and action implementation. Following the basic distinction of system state and utility actions, strengthening, replacement, repair, l

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С.І., Сприндис. "ПРОБЛЕМИ ВІДШКОДУВАННЯ ШКОДИ, ЗАПОДІЯНОЇ ЮРИДИЧНИМ ОСОБАМ НЕЗАКОННИМИ ДІЯМИ (БЕЗДІЯЛЬНІСТЮ) ПРАВООХОРОННИХ ОРГАНІВ". Збірник наукових праць Харківського національного педагогічного університету імені Г.С. Сковороди "Право", № 23 (25 грудня 2015): 133–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.46516.

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The article deals with compensation for damage caused to legal entities by unlawful actions (inaction) of law enforcement agencies uncovered the history of legal regulation of this issue, proposed the new law.  

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Ferreira-Lins Mosaner, Fábio, Fernanda Machado-Dill, and Ricardo Socas-Wiese. "Casa de Passagem Indígena em Florianópolis: Projeto participativo e ações do Estado." Arquitecturas del Sur 41, no. 64 (2023): 08–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22320/07196466.2023.41.064.01.

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This article presents the design process adopted for the design of Indigenous Temporary Accommodation in Florianopolis - Santa Catarina - Brazil, focusing on design strategies and changes in the proposal, considering State actions and the participation of the indigenous community. These proposals were developed through an outreach project at the Federal University of Santa Catarina, addressing the importance of indigenous presence in the city, the constant struggle of indigenous people for physical and symbolic spaces in contemporary society, and the social role of architects and urban planner

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18

MA, JIXIN, BRIAN KNIGHT, and EPHRAIM NISSAN. "Temporal representation of state transitions." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 13, no. 2 (1999): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060499132025.

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This paper describes a knowledge-based temporal representation of state transitions for industrial real-time systems. To allow expression of uncertainty, we shall define fluents as disjuncts of positive/negative time-varying properties. A state of the world is represented as a collection of fluents, which is usually incomplete in the sense that neither the positive form nor the negative form of some properties can be implied from it. The world under consideration is assumed to persist in a given state until an action(s) takes place to effect a transition of it into another state, where actions

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Ilham, Fariduz Zaman, Marpu'ah, and Aulia Rohim Devi. "Analysis of Sampang Regent Decree Number: 188.45/272/Kep/ 434.013/2021 Concerning Implementation of Convenient Village Head Elections in Sampang District." International Journal of Social Science And Human Research 06, no. 05 (2023): 2945–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958066.

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State officials with all the tools they have can at any time take arbitrary actions, which can harm the community. Therefore, the State Administrative Court was established to control all decisions and/or actions of state officials. State officials should act in the public interest, not in private. Decisions and/or actions of state officials will have a major impact on society, therefore it is necessary to evaluate by analyzing the decisions of state officials, with the aim of knowing the relevance of a decision and/or action of state officials. Sampang Regent Decree Number: 188.45/272/Kep/434

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Takei, Yoshinobu. "International Legal Responses to the Flag State in Breach of its Duties: Possibilities for Other States to Take Action against the Flag State." Nordic Journal of International Law 82, no. 2 (2013): 283–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718107-08202004.

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This article examines what action can be taken against the flag state by other states when the flag state does not comply with the duty with respect to ships flying its flag. The article starts with enumerating actions stipulated in treaties as well as those taken in state practice. It then analyses legal requirements in treaty law and general international law and policy considerations for such actions.

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Kim, Jongjin, Jaeri Lee, Jeongin Yun, and U. Kang. "Dependency-aware action planning for smart home." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (2024): e0305415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305415.

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How can a smart home system control a connected device to be in a desired state? Recent developments in the Internet of Things (IoT) technology enable people to control various devices with the smart home system rather than physical contact. Furthermore, smart home systems cooperate with voice assistants such as Bixby or Alexa allowing users to control their devices through voice. In this process, a user’s query clarifies the target state of the device rather than the actions to perform. Thus, the smart home system needs to plan a sequence of actions to fulfill the user’s needs. However, it is

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Murano, Tiffany, Michal Gajewski, Michael Anana, et al. "Mandated State Medical Licensing Board Disclosures Regarding Resident Performance." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 11, no. 3 (2019): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-18-00970.1.

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ABSTRACT Background State medical licensing boards ask program directors (PDs) to complete verification of training (VOT) forms for licensure. While residency programs use Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education core competencies, there is no uniform process or set of metrics that licensing boards use to ascertain if academic competency was achieved. Objective We determined the performance metrics PDs are required to disclose on state licensing VOT forms. Methods VOT forms for allopathic medical licensing boards for all 50 states, Washington, DC, and 5 US territories were obtained

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Med, Jakub, Lukáš Chrpa, Michael Morak, and Wolfgang Faber. "Weak and Strong Reversibility of Non-deterministic Actions: Universality and Uniformity." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 34 (May 30, 2024): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v34i1.31496.

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Classical planning looks for a sequence of actions that transform the initial state of the environment into a goal state. Studying whether the effects of an action can be undone by a sequence of other actions, that is, action reversibility, is beneficial, for example, in determining whether an action is safe to apply. This paper deals with action reversibility of non-deterministic actions, i.e., actions whose application might result in different outcomes. Inspired by the established notions of weak and strong plans in non-deterministic (or FOND) planning, we define the notions of weak and str

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Boychuk, V., A. Boychuk, M. Boychuk, and O. Burdyug. "THE ACTION SEQUENCE FORMING METHOD FOR INTELLECTUAL AGENTS." Collection of scientific works of the Military Institute of Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, no. 66 (2019): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2519-481x/2020/66-07.

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The article proposes an approach where the implementation of the formation of sequences of actions of intelligent agents is carried out by analogy with the activities of biological organisms using the mechanism of emotions to dynamically tune the body to perform actions. Thus, the functions of the limbic system are simulated in the organization of movements based on motivational behavior. When planning, first of all, the general condition of the agent is determined. Using the resulting state, a sequence of actions is formed. This approach will make it possible to dynamically reconfigure the se

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Yap, Diana. "State-related actions on compounding pharmacy." Pharmacy Today 19, no. 1 (2013): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1042-0991(15)31569-3.

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Yulius, Yulius, and Yos Johan Utama. "Optimizing the Role of State Administrative Court Decisions in State Financial Recovery." LAW REFORM 20, no. 1 (2024): 34–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/lr.v20i1.61779.

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The government has significant authority in managing state finances, demonstrated by its ability to enact laws and to take public legal action through government decisions and actions. A number of authorities are inextricably linked to the measures taken to ensure that state finance can fund all state expenditures related to achieving development goals. This considerable power may violate citizens' rights due to the decisions or actions of the state finance manager. The community whose rights are jeopardized may file a lawsuit or petition the Administrative Court. The Administrative Court Deci

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Segura, Caterina García. "Sub-State Diplomacy: Catalonia’s External Action Amidst the Quest for State Sovereignty." International Negotiation 22, no. 2 (2017): 344–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718069-22001110.

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The Spanish self-governing regions’ international actions date back as far as the 1980s. Together with the Basque Country, Catalonia is the Spanish self-governing region with the most active trajectory of international action. Catalan international action, which is a pioneer in the Spanish context, came to be slowly but progressively accepted as a normalized form of conduct by the Spanish state, as was the international action of other Spanish self-governing regions. Nevertheless, this normalization did not eliminate conflict, which continued to surface, though sporadically and without represe

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SOŁTAN, PIOTR MIKOŁAJ. "ON QUANTUM SEMIGROUP ACTIONS ON FINITE QUANTUM SPACES." Infinite Dimensional Analysis, Quantum Probability and Related Topics 12, no. 03 (2009): 503–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219025709003768.

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We show that a continuous action of a quantum semigroup [Formula: see text] on a finite quantum space (finite dimensional C*-algebra) preserving a faithful state comes from a continuous action of the quantum Bohr compactification [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]. Using the classification of continuous compact quantum group actions on M2, we give a complete description of all continuous quantum semigroup actions on this quantum space preserving a faithful state.

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RĂDUCEA, Raluca. "EVOLVING NORMS OF MILITARY INTERVENTION: BETWEEN LEGITIMIZING ACTIONS AND SHAPING STATE BEHAVIOUR." SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IN THE AIR FORCE 19, no. 2 (2017): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.19062/2247-3173.2017.19.2.24.

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Jing, Runtian, and E. Patrick McDermott. "Transformation of State-owned Enterprises in China: A Strategic Action Model." Management and Organization Review 9, no. 1 (2013): 53–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174087760000317x.

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AbstractTransformation is a vital challenge for Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and their top managers. To explore this increasingly important topic, we first summarize the institutional context of SOE transformation and the conflicting interests and interdependent relationships of six major actors as inside/outside stakeholders. Based on the strategic action view of institutional analysis, we emphasize the role of the change agent's level of aspiration and political skills in transforming an SOE. Then, through inductive case studies on the transformation of three SOEs, we address how t

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Džafić, Adnan, and Amar Kozadra. "Deviation of Ethics in Politics and the State." Uprava 13, no. 1 (2022): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.53028/1986-6127.2022.13.1.67.

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The connection of mind and conscience (morality) gives rise to the highest degree of consciousness. Awareness is expressed as the ability to plan actions and anticipate their consequences. The common oundation of ethics and politics in ancient Greece is the idea of justice as the highest virtue in the actions of individuals. Citizens were expected to be both moral and capable of participating in politics. While ethics considers the actions of man as an individual, politics refers to mental action in a political community of free and equal citizens. Later, the distance between ethics and politi

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Degnan, Daniel D., John B. Hertig, Michael J. Peters, and James G. Stevenson. "Board of Pharmacy Practices Related to Medication Errors and Their Potential Impact on Patient Safety." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 31, no. 3 (2017): 312–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190017715562.

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State boards of pharmacy are generally responsible for the governance of the practice of pharmacy. While the regulatory process and methods for accomplishing this task may vary by state, all boards of pharmacy must address medication errors committed by pharmacists. The National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) has recommended that state boards of pharmacy implement best practices and enforcement actions that are aimed to promote patient safety and reduce medication errors. The current study was designed to identify and compare current corrective action practices among boards of pharma

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Fadel, Meghan, Peter Holtgrave, Carissa Beaty, and Shelby Roberts. "THE HEALTHY BRAIN INITIATIVE ROAD MAP CATALYZES ACTION AMONG STATE, LOCAL, AND NATIONAL PARTNERS." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (2023): 256–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.0851.

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Abstract The Healthy Brain Initiative Road Map Series (Road Map) has achieved measurable success in spurring action in health departments across the country. Evaluation data from the Alzheimer’s Association shows all 50 states have implemented actions from the 2018-2023 Road Map and the majority of states completed at least one action in each of the four domains of the Road Map. The Healthy Brain initiative has also sponsored initiatives to accelerate the implementation of Road Map actions. The projects described are separate from the CDC’s BOLD Program Awards for state and local health depart

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Lobel, Samuel, Sreehari Rammohan, Bowen He, Shangqun Yu, and George Konidaris. "Q-functionals for Value-Based Continuous Control." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 7 (2023): 8932–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i7.26073.

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We present Q-functionals, an alternative architecture for continuous control deep reinforcement learning. Instead of returning a single value for a state-action pair, our network transforms a state into a function that can be rapidly evaluated in parallel for many actions, allowing us to efficiently choose high-value actions through sampling. This contrasts with the typical architecture of off-policy continuous control, where a policy network is trained for the sole purpose of selecting actions from the Q-function. We represent our action-dependent Q-function as a weighted sum of basis functio

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Tahir, Erdin, Rohendra Fathammubina, and Jajang Arifin. "MODEL-MODEL PENILAIAN SENGKETA TINDAKAN FAKTUAL OLEH HAKIM PENGADILAN TATA USAHA NEGARA." Yustitia 10, no. 2 (2024): 149–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31943/yustitia.v10i2.284.

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The presence of Law No. 30 of 2014 on Government Administration that expands the meaning of state administrative decisions is not only interpreted as decisions in written form but includes factual actions. This of course also expands the authority of the State Administrative Court (PTUN). However, factual actions are not expressly mentioned in the Law. Therefore, what is interesting in this article is to clarify what factual action means. Then analyze the judge's style in deciding the object of the factual action dispute. The results of this study resulted in two conclusions, first, there are

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Havighurst, Clark C. "Contesting Anticompetitive Actions Taken in the Name of the State: State Action Immunity and Health Care Markets." Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 31, no. 3 (2006): 587–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03616878-2005-008.

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Levy, Raphaël, Marcin Peski, and Nicolas Vieille. "Stationary Social Learning in a Changing Environment." Econometrica 92, no. 6 (2024): 1939–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta20475.

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We consider social learning in a changing world. With changing states, societies can be responsive only if agents regularly act upon fresh information, which significantly limits the value of observational learning. When the state is close to persistent, a consensus whereby most agents choose the same action typically emerges. However, the consensus action is not perfectly correlated with the state, because societies exhibit inertia following state changes. When signals are precise enough, learning is incomplete, even if agents draw large samples of past actions, as actions then become too cor

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Evans, Molly. "State-Level Policy Actions to Support Family Caregivers." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (2021): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.245.

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Abstract The stresses created by the growing need for family caregivers have failed to prompt federal policy action; in its absence, states are stepping up. This review of state policies that support employment among family caregivers found six main categories of legislative action: paid leave; expanding federally mandated unpaid leave; paid sick time; unemployment insurance for job loss attributable to caregiving duties; establishing family caregivers as a protected classification in employment discrimination; and flexible or alternative work schedules. Despite the demand for policies that su

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AYANKOJO, Sulaiman Timilehin. "Religion, Culture, and Insecurity in Nigeria: Roles of State and Non-State Actors." Pastoral Counsellors: Journal of Nigerian Association of Pastoral Counsellors 3, no. 1 (2024): 130–43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11305699.

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This paper examines the complex interplay between religion, culture, and insecurity in Nigeria, focusing on the roles of both state and non-state actors. It highlights how political manipulation, ethno-religious conflicts, and socio-economic disparities exacerbate insecurity. By analysing the actions of key figures and the impact of regional security initiatives, this study proposes comprehensive strategies for enhancing national security. The recommendations emphasize the practice of true federalism to ensure equitable representation and governance across all regions, decisive governmental ac

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Vatamanyuk, O. V. "Use of Information Technologies in Class Actions." Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)), no. 2 (April 11, 2025): 71–81. https://doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2025.126.2.071-081.

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The article analyzes the issues of using information technologies in considering class actions. The application of technologies at the stage of group formation, conclusion settlement agreement, conclusion of an agreement of a group of persons, as well as replacement of the person conducting the case in the interests of a group of persons is considered. It is noted that the currently existing state automated systems GAS “Justice”, “My Arbitrator” need to be improved, since they do not provide for the possibility of performing key procedural actions within the framework of group proceedings, and

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Blomme, Eric. "State Action as a Defence Against 81 and 82 EC." World Competition 30, Issue 2 (2007): 243–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2007017.

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The purpose of this article is to examine the question to what extent private undertakings can be immunized from European competition law responsibility by relying on influence exerted on them by regulatory or non-regulatory Member State actions. Hereafter, I will use the term “State action defence”. It is very important to distinguish this issue from the question of the Member State responsibility for the above actions. Such responsibility, based on Articles 3, 10 and 81/82 of the EC-Treaty, will only briefly be mentioned in this article in so far as necessary for the purposes of discussion.

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Korchev, V., and I. Morozov. "GENERAL QUESTIONS REGARDING THE PREPARATION OF THE STATE BORDER PROTECTION BODY FOR ACTIONS IN THE NEXT PERIOD OF STATE BORDER PROTECTION." Scientific journal of the National Academy of National Guard "Honor and Law" 4, no. 87 (2023): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33405/2078-7480/2023/4/87/295118.

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Protection of the state border of Ukraine is a part and parcel of the state system of ensuring national security. The border detachment as a territorial body in the State Border Service of Ukraine, in accordance with its competence, performs the tasks of ensuring the security of the state border, preventing crimes and administrative offenses related to illegal activities at the state border. The objective need for the effective implementation of the state policy in the sphere of the security of the state border of Ukraine puts forth demands for the further development of scientific approaches

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Liu, Qingsong, and Zhixuan Fang. "Learning the Optimal Control for Evolving Systems with Converging Dynamics." Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems 8, no. 2 (2024): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3656007.

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We consider a principle or controller that can pick actions from a fixed action set to control an evolving system with converging dynamics. The actions are interpreted as different configurations or policies. We consider systems with converging dynamics, i.e., if the principle holds the same action, the system will asymptotically converge (possibly requiring a significant amount of time) to a unique stable state determined by this action. This phenomenon can be observed in diverse domains such as epidemic control, computing systems, and markets. In our model, the dynamics of the system are unk

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Багінський, А. В. "State actions in the post-conflict society." National Technical University of Ukraine Journal. Political science. Sociology. Law, no. 1(41) (March 11, 2019): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2308-5053.2019.1(41).194407.

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Wilhite, Donald A. "STATE ACTIONS TO MITIGATE DROUGHT LESSONS LEARNED." Journal of the American Water Resources Association 33, no. 5 (1997): 961–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1997.tb04117.x.

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Fariss, Christopher J., and Keith E. Schnakenberg. "Measuring Mutual Dependence between State Repressive Actions." Journal of Conflict Resolution 58, no. 6 (2013): 1003–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002713487314.

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Wang, Xu, and Marta Kwiatkowska. "Compositional State Space Reduction Using Untangled Actions." Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 175, no. 3 (2007): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2006.10.052.

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Sarhan, Shahenda, Mohamed Abu ElSoud, and Hebatullah Rashed. "Enhancing Video Games Policy Based on Least-Squares Continuous Action Policy Iteration: Case Study on StarCraft Brood War and Glest RTS Games and the 8 Queens Board Game." International Journal of Computer Games Technology 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7090757.

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With the rapid advent of video games recently and the increasing numbers of players and gamers, only a tough game with high policy, actions, and tactics survives. How the game responds to opponent actions is the key issue of popular games. Many algorithms were proposed to solve this problem such as Least-Squares Policy Iteration (LSPI) and State-Action-Reward-State-Action (SARSA) but they mainly depend on discrete actions, while agents in such a setting have to learn from the consequences of their continuous actions, in order to maximize the total reward over time. So in this paper we proposed

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Fleming, Sean. "Artificial persons and attributed actions: How to interpret action-sentences about states." European Journal of International Relations 23, no. 4 (2016): 930–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354066116679244.

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Action-sentences about states, such as ‘North Korea conducted a nuclear test’, are ubiquitous in discourse about international relations. Although there has been a great deal of debate in International Relations about whether states are agents or actors, the question of how to interpret action-sentences about states has been treated as secondary or epiphenomenal. This article focuses on our practices of speaking and writing about the state rather than the ontology of the state. It uses Hobbes’ theory of attributed action to develop a typology of action-sentences and to analyse action-sentences

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Clark, Daniel, Drew Fudenberg, and Alexander Wolitzky. "Record-Keeping and Cooperation in Large Societies." Review of Economic Studies 88, no. 5 (2021): 2179–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdab016.

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Abstract We introduce a new model of repeated games in large populations with random matching, overlapping generations, and limited records of past play. We prove that steady-state equilibria exist under general conditions on records. When the updating of a player’s record can depend on the actions of both players in a match, any strictly individually rational action can be supported in a steady-state equilibrium. When record updates can depend only on a player’s own actions, fewer actions can be supported. Here, we focus on the prisoner’s dilemma and restrict attention to strict equilibria th

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