Journal articles: 'The system of essential parameters'

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PAOLINI, LUCA, MAURO PICCOLO, and SIMONA RONCHI DELLA ROCCA. "Essential and relational models." Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 27, no. 5 (July 23, 2015): 626–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960129515000316.

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Intersection type assignment systems can be used as a general framework for building logical models of λ-calculus that allow to reason about the denotation of terms in a finitary way. We defineessentialmodels (a new class of logical models) through a parametric type assignment system using non-idempotent intersection types. Under an interpretation of terms based on typings instead than the usual one based on types, every suitable instance of the parameters induces a λ-model, whose theory is sensible. We prove that this type assignment system provides a logical description of a family of λ-models arising from a category of sets and relations.

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Fellner, Andrzej, and Henryk Jafernik. "Airborne Measurement System During Validation of Egnos/Gnss Essential Parameters in Landing." Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics 96, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2014-0004.

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Abstract The air transport requires certificate of ground and deck devices, systems and adequate procedures. However applied geodetic techniques and measuring technologies depend on taken undertakings. If one should precisely put standard ground systems and the navigational assistance are overbalancing static geodetic techniques and measuring technologies. However operational activity, depending on the phase of the flight a real requires applying geodetic techniques and measuring Jechnologies time”. As part of conducted air tests they made the validation of four fundamental parameters (accuracy, credibility, availability, continuity) of satellite EGNOS, GNSS signals, made as part of European projects: “Support to the EGNOS APV Operational Implementation - APV MIELEC”, air tests enabled to draw right procedures up and to apply satellite signals in the air transport. Details will be presented in the following article.

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NICULESCU, Filip, Constantin VALCU, Traian TIPA, Adrian SAVESCU, Mirela VASILE, and Constantin SANDU. "Measurement system for the parameters of satellite propulsion." INCAS BULLETIN 11, no. 3 (September 9, 2019): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2019.11.3.11.

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Within the STRAuSS (Advanced Solar Thermal Propulsion System for Increasing of Satellite Operational Life) project to investigate the extension of a satellite operation period, a new valve type and a new type of nozzle were designed. Extending the period of operation of the satellite propulsion is an important factor for increasing its activity period and reducing the production and launch costs. To measure the force generated when releasing propellant gas from the satellite reservoir, a dynamic fine-scale force measurement system has been designed. This system also measures experiment parameters such as: simulated solar radiation size, 4 key temperature and nozzle pressure. The system controls the action of the propellant gas release valve and the activation of lamps that simulate solar radiation from outer space. The system is based on acquisition modules connected to a touch panel computer. Establishing the measurement system and its calibration was an essential step in performing the experiments within the STRAuSS project.

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Salve, Pratibha S., Chitra C. Khanwelkar, Preeti S. Salve, Vandana M. Thorat, Somnath M. Matule, and S. Seshla. "Effect of Losartan on Different Biochemical Parameters in Essential Hypertensive Patients." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 12, no. 04 (November 6, 2019): 1827–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1813.

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The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) provides the most powerful regulation of blood pressure and angiotensin II is the primary mediator in this system. The binding of angiotensin II to AT1 receptors produces a number of potentially harmful effects that include increase in blood pressure, progression of atherosclerosis, myocardial and vascular hypertrophy. Losartan was the first ARB and found to reduce the risk of stroke, new onset of diabetes and to have a proven benefit in stroke. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of losartan on different biochemical parameters viz; blood sugar, lipid profile, uric acid and serum electrolytes. 29 newly diagnosed patients of either gender with essential hypertension were included in the study. Baseline readings of lipid profile, serum electrolytes, fasting blood sugar and uric acid were recorded before starting losartan monotherapy and were repeated after six months. After comparing the means, it was revealed that there was a significant increase in HDL cholesterol and a significant decrease in serum uric acid levels after six months of losartan therapy. No significant difference was found in blood sugar and electrolyte levels. These findings suggest that losartan can be an attractive option for the treatment of hypertension and for metabolic syndrome.

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Banachowicz, Andrzej, and Adam Wolski. "Determination of Ship Approach Parameters in the Polar Coordinates System." Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics 96, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2014-0001.

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Abstract An essential aspect of the safety of navigation is avoiding collisions with other vessels and natural or man made navigational obstructions. To solve this kind of problem the navigator relies on automatic anti-collision ARPA systems, or uses a geometric method and makes radar plots. In both cases radar measurements are made: bearing (or relative bearing) on the target position and distance, both naturally expressed in the polar coordinates system originating at the radar antenna. We first convert original measurements to an ortho-Cartesian coordinate system. Then we solve collision avoiding problems in rectangular planar coordinates, and the results are transformed to the polar coordinate system. This article presents a method for an analysis of a collision situation at sea performed directly in the polar coordinate system. This approach enables a simpler geometric interpretation of a collision situation

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Su, Zhaofeng. "Local Information as an Essential Factor for Quantum Entanglement." Entropy 23, no. 6 (June 8, 2021): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23060728.

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Quantum entanglement is not only a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics but also a special resource for many important quantum information processing tasks. An intuitive way to understand quantum entanglement is to analyze its geometric parameters which include local parameters and correlation parameters. The correlation parameters have been extensively studied while the role of local parameters have not been drawn attention. In this paper, we investigate the question how local parameters of a two-qubit system affect quantum entanglement in both quantitative and qualitative perspective. Firstly, we find that the concurrence, a measure of quantum entanglement, of a general two-qubit state is bounded by the norms of local vectors and correlations matrix. Then, we derive a sufficient condition for a two-qubit being separable in perspective of local parameters. Finally, we find that different local parameters could make a state with fixed correlation matrix separable, entangled or even more qualitatively entangled than the one with vanished local parameters.

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Chang, J. R., and C. N. Wang. "Acoustical Analysis of Enclosure Design Parameters for Microspeaker System." Journal of Mechanics 35, no. 1 (September 4, 2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2017.64.

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AbstractMicrospeakers are key components of mobile devices in current consumer products; moreover, the user experience of multimedia products plays an essential role. The objective of this study was to investigate the acoustic performance of microspeakers in different enclosure parameters for mobile devices. Two methodologies are performed. The first model is an electro-mechano-acoustical model (EMA) of microspeaker along with distribution model of enclosure effect; the 2nd model, the details of diaphragms are taken into account in calculating the distribution models of microspeaker with enclosure parameters. They were combined and applied to determine microspeaker performance levels for mobile devices. Two methodologies show acceptable agreement with experimental results. The distribution model can well simulate the high frequency response than lumped model of microspeaker. The results can predict microspeaker system performance before industrial design and mechanism placement processes are executed.

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Eckardt, A., and R. Reulke. "ON THE DESIGN OF HIGH RESOLUTION IMAGING SYSTEMS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-1/W1 (May 31, 2017): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-1-w1-97-2017.

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The design of high-resolution systems is always a consideration of many parameters. Technological parameter of the imaging system, e.g. diameter of the imaging system, mass and power, as well as storage and data transfer, have an direct impact on spacecraft size and design. The paper describes the essential design parameters for the description of high-resolution systems.

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Ndje, M., J. M. Nyobe Yome, A. T. Boum, L. Bitjoka, and J. C. Kamgang. "Dynamic Matrix Control and Tuning Parameters Analysis for a DC Motor System Control." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 5 (October 13, 2018): 3416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2300.

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Model predictive control (MPC) in system control industry overrides the challenges of conventional controllers in controlling complex systems. However, for efficient control, it is essential to find the best combination of parameter values. In this paper, we present the implementation of a multivariable dynamic matrix control (DMC) algorithm. An industrial system consisting of a DC motor, coupled to a mechanical load, the assembly associated with an electronic speed variator was considered to test the implemented DMC controller. DMC’s tuning parameter analysis on the manipulated inputs and their variations on the controlled outputs was performed. Results guarantee that efficient control was presented.

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Zhogoleva, Nadiia, and Volodymyr Shcherbak. "Damping parameters indentification of Lienard polynomial system." Proceedings of the Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics NAS of Ukraine 34 (April 24, 2021): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37069/1683-4720-2020-34-4.

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In many applications of physics, biology, and other sciences, an approach based on the concept of model equations is used as an approximate model of complex nonlinear processes. The basis of this concept is the provision that a small number of characteristic types movements of simple mathematical models inherent in systems give the key to understanding and exploring a huge number of different phenomena. In particular, it is well known that the complex oscillatory motion can be modeled by a system consisting of one or more coupled nonlinear oscillators that governs by differential equation of a second-order. A Lienard system, namely $ \ddot x(t)+f(x(t))\dot x(t)+g(x(t)) = 0$, is a generalization of the such models. Here $f(x(t))$ and $g(x(t))$ are functions that represent various nonlinear phenomena. The typical sources of nonlinearities in Lienard systems are as follows: large displacements of the structure provoking geometric nonlinearities, a nonlinear material behavior, complex law of damping dissipation, etc. In fact, parameter identification is the base of several engineering tasks: identification can be used for the following: (i) to gain knowledge about the process behavior, (ii) to validate theoretical models, (iii) to tune controller parameters, (iv) to design adaptive control algorithms, (v) to process supervision and fault detection, (vi) to on-line optimization. Hence, in order to represent these nonlinearities, identifying the parameters characterizing their behaviors is essential. The problem of constructing globally convergent identificator for polynomial representation of damping force in general Lienar oscillator is addressed. The method of invariant relations is used for identification scheme design. This aproach is based on dynamical extension of original system and construct of appropriate invariant relations, from which the unknowns parameters can be expressed as a functions of the known quantities on the trajectories of extended system. The final synthesis is carried out from the condition of obtaining asymptotic estimates of unknown parameters. It is shown that an asymptotic estimate of the unknown states can be obtained by rendering attractive an appropriately selected invariant manifold in the extended state space.

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Strelets, Ksenia I., Mikhail B. Kitain, and Marina V. Petrochenko. "Welding Spark Parameters Determination for Cyclone Removal Calculation." Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (June 2014): 2098–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.2098.

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Many factors have an essential impact on the air purification efficiency. Very important for a lot of industries is to choose right air purification system. Especially important is to take into account manufacturing including generation of combustible and explosive dust. One of the way to prevent possibilities of fire and explosion is using reverse flow cyclone as a pre-cleaning system. In the article the efficiency of such precleaner is showed and experimentally proved.

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Paś, Jacek. "Diagnosis of technical parameters of amplifiers used in sound warning systems." Bulletin of the Military University of Technology 66, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.5394.

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The article presents a method of diagnosing the technical conditions of a power amplifier which is used in a sound warning system (SWS). Fire Alarm Systems (FAS) and SWSs are electronic safety systems designed to protect life and health. The FAS is used for effective fire detection, while life-threatening SWSs provide efficient communication of emergency information and evacuation routes via voice. The article presents the problem of diagnosing the technical condition of power amplifiers, which are the essential elements of SWSs. Power amplifiers provide a certain level of undistorted audio (alarm messages) to the speaker set that is arranged in a building supervised by FAS. Keywords: amplifier, audible warning system, working parameters

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Schneider, Hans-Jörg. "Efficiency parameters in artificial allosteric systems." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 14, no. 34 (2016): 7994–8001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ob01303a.

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It is shown that the conformational energy ΔG_C required for the formation of a suitable cavity or cleft for ligand binding in absence of an effector E is the essential factor for the efficiency of synthetic allosteric systems with positive cooperativity.

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László, Magó, Kosta Gligorević, Milan Dražić, and Mićo Oljača. "Determination of main parameters of ISOBUS system based agricultural machinery management." Poljoprivredna tehnika 46, no. 3 (2021): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/poljteh2103040m.

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ISO organization (https://www.iso.org) in early 90s defined an industry standard for the communication protocol among electronic devices of different manufacturers of agricultural machines. After that, all of the market actors recognised that this technology would be very important for agricultural electronics. The appearance of ISOBUS products in the market was in the mid-2000s. ISOBUS description could be found in ISO-11783 (https://www.iso.org). Through the standards and the related technical background, the production processes and the operations could be followed and monitored by the extensive Data Management. Farmers' and users legitimate needs and developing goal is to elaborate a decision support systems that follow-up the utilisation of the machines and ensure the quality of operations. For this purpose, it is essential to determine which technical, economical, technological parameters detection, measurement, transmission, processing, and evaluation becomes necessary. In our work, we reviewed which mechanical characteristic, settings are monitored within the ISOBUS system by the major machine manufacturers. We developed the system of parameters and derived features that provide effective farm-, and land-management in case of attached equipment for spreading of input materials, plant protection and tillage implements.

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Kang, Dae Il, Mee Jeong Hwang, and Sang Hoon Han. "Estimation of common cause failure parameters for essential service water system pump using the CAFE-PSA." Progress in Nuclear Energy 53, no. 1 (January 2011): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2010.09.009.

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MELNYTSKYY, I. "Parameters of the respiratory system function in patients with essential hypertension treated with atenolol and lotrel." American Journal of Hypertension 15, no. 4 (April 2002): A211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0895-7061(02)02842-x.

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Chioderoli, Carlos A., Carlos E. A. Furlani, Aislan O. Aguiar, Fábio A. Cavichioli, and Marcelo T. Cassia. "Operational parameters of soybean seeding in santa fe system." Engenharia Agrícola 32, no. 5 (October 2012): 900–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-69162012000500009.

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The use of no tillage system associated with the crop-livestock integration is an alternate managing that promotes the accumulation of dry matter in the soil, an essential fact to make the system sustainable and profitable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the operational performance of a planter-tractor set on maize straws intercropped with Urochloa, in different seeding modes. The soybean crop was seed on the intercropping of two forage species (Urochloa brizantha and Urochloa ruziziensis) in five cropping systems: MBL (Maize with Urochloa in the maize seeding row, mixed with base fertilizer and deposited at 0.10 m), MBE (Maize with Urochloa seeded between rows at the same day of seeding maize), MBC (Urochloa between rows of maize seeded with the covering fertilizer at the V4 stage), MBLA (Maize with Urochloa by broadcast seeding at the V4 stage ) and MS (Single Maize: control). The following variables were evaluated: dry mass of maize straw, dry mass of forages and total dry mass of straw; and for the operational parameters the speed of seeding, wheel slippage, traction force and average power at the drawbar. The results showed that the amount of straw produced by maize intercropping with Urochloa, interferes in the operational performance of the tractor-planter at the operation of soybean seeding, i.e., areas with higher amount of straw promote greater energy demand, as well as higher wheel slippage.

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Sabry, A. H., W. Z. W. Hasan, MZA Ab Kadir, M. A. M. Radzi, and S. Shafie. "Wireless Monitoring Prototype for Photovoltaic Parameters." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 11, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i1.pp9-17.

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Photovoltaic (PV) parameters monitoring is very important for the implementation and optimum utilization of solar energy as the electricity source. This work proposes a design of simple, cost-efficient, and low consumption wireless PV monitoring system enhanced by a driving software for recording the PV system parameters. The circuit is designed with a minimum number of components to manage four types of sensors to measure four parameters that are essential for real-time analysis and prediction of PV performance. The only pair of XBee RF modules as an active component, while others are passive, includes resistors and capacitors for PV current, and voltage those for signal conditioning, temperature and irradiance sensors were also involved. The paper presents a prototype system for high voltage series-connected PV array in the range (100-310) V and 3 ampere as a maximum current, while the sampling frequency can be configured up to 14 sample/Sec in applications of the short period for data logging for the four channels. The proposed system succeeds in providing real-time monitoring with lower cost and can be extended for more functions such as controlling tracking system and failure diagnosis. Photovoltaic (PV) parameters monitoring is very important for the implementation and optimum utilisation of solar energy as electricity source. This work proposes a design of simple, cost-efficient, and low consumption wireless PV monitoring system enhanced by a driving software for recording the PV system parameters. The circuit is designed with a minimum number of components to manage four types of sensors to measure four parameters that are essential for real-time analysis and prediction of PV performance. Only pair of XBee RF modules as an active components, while othera are passive, includes resistors and capacitors for PV current, and voltage those for signal conditioning, temperature and irradiance sensors were also involved. The paper presents a prototype system for high voltage series connected PV array in the range (100-310) V and 3 ampere as a maximum current, while the sampling frequency can be configured up to 14 sample/Sec in applications of the short period for data logging for the four channels. The proposed system succeeds in providing real-time monitoring with lower cost and can be extended for more functions such as controlling tracking system and failure diagnosis.

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Mezbahul-Islam, Mohammad, Ahmad Omar Mostafa, and Mamoun Medraj. "Essential Magnesium Alloys Binary Phase Diagrams and Their Thermochemical Data." Journal of Materials 2014 (April 30, 2014): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/704283.

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Magnesium-based alloys are becoming a major industrial material for structural applications because of their potential weight saving characteristics. All the commercial Mg alloys like AZ, AM, AE, EZ, ZK, and so forth series are multicomponent and hence it is important to understand the phase relations of the alloying elements with Mg. In this work, eleven essential Mg-based binary systems including Mg-Al/Zn/Mn/Ca/Sr/Y/Ni/Ce/Nd/Cu/Sn have been reviewed. Each of these systems has been discussed critically on the aspects of phase diagram and thermodynamic properties. All the available experimental data has been summarized and critically assessed to provide detailed understanding of the systems. The phase diagrams are calculated based on the most up-to-date optimized parameters. The thermodynamic model parameters for all the systems except Mg-Nd have been summarized in tables. The crystallographic information of the intermetallic compounds of different binary systems is provided. Also, the heat of formation of the intermetallic compounds obtained from experimental, first principle calculations and CALPHAD optimizations are provided. In addition, reoptimization of the Mg-Y system has been done in this work since new experimental data showed wider solubility of the intermetallic compounds.

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Price, Andrew R., Richard J. Myerscough, Ivan I. Voutchkov, Robert Marsh, and Simon J. Cox. "Multi-objective optimization of GENIE Earth system models." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 367, no. 1898 (July 13, 2009): 2623–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0039.

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The tuning of parameters in climate models is essential to provide reliable long-term forecasts of Earth system behaviour. We apply a multi-objective optimization algorithm to the problem of parameter estimation in climate models. This optimization process involves the iterative evaluation of response surface models (RSMs), followed by the execution of multiple Earth system simulations. These computations require an infrastructure that provides high-performance computing for building and searching the RSMs and high-throughput computing for the concurrent evaluation of a large number of models. Grid computing technology is therefore essential to make this algorithm practical for members of the GENIE project.

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Hijikata, Seiji, Kazuhisa Ito, and Hubertus Murrenhoff. "Investigation of Accumulator Parameters for a Novel Hybrid Architecture." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 32, no. 5 (October 20, 2020): 876–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2020.p0876.

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An open center system (OC-System), which is one of the major hydraulic architectures for excavators, has been improved in the world to reduce fuel consumption for global environment conservation and lower operating costs. However, the total system efficiency, including the internal combustion engine (ICE), has not been thoroughly considered. In contrast, a constant pressure system (CP-System) enabling the engine to be driven optimally is developed, but is not accepted in the industry owing to the complexity of the required components. Thus, in this research, a hybrid system combining an OC-System with a CP-System is proposed to improve the total system efficiency. An accumulator, which is used to provide flow rate to actuators, is essential for the new hybrid system, and it is vital to consider the nominal gas volume and pressure level for the accumulator in terms of energy savings and initial cost. Therefore, the influences of accumulator volume and pressure level are discussed in this paper.

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Rosle, Mohamad Saufie, Mohd Saberi Mohamad, Yee Wen Choon, Zuwairie Ibrahim, Alfonso González-Briones, Pablo Chamoso, and Juan Manuel Corchado. "A Hybrid of Particle Swarm Optimization and Harmony Search to Estimate Kinetic Parameters in Arabidopsis thaliana." Processes 8, no. 8 (August 2, 2020): 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8080921.

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Recently, modelling and simulation have been used and applied to understand biological systems better. Therefore, the development of precise computational models of a biological system is essential. This model is a mathematical expression derived from a series of parameters of the system. The measurement of parameter values through experimentation is often expensive and time-consuming. However, if a simulation is used, the manipulation of computational parameters is easy, and thus the behaviour of a biological system model can be altered for a better understanding. The complexity and nonlinearity of a biological system make parameter estimation the most challenging task in modelling. Therefore, this paper proposes a hybrid of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Harmony Search (HS), also known as PSOHS, designated to determine the kinetic parameter values of essential amino acids, mainly aspartate metabolism, in Arabidopsis thaliana. Three performance measurements are used in this paper to evaluate the proposed PSOHS: the standard deviation, nonlinear least squared error, and computational time. The proposed algorithm outperformed the other two methods, namely Simulated Annealing and the downhill simplex method, and proved that PSOHS is a more suitable algorithm for estimating kinetic parameter values.

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Gao, Ming Ming, and Liang Shan. "The Study of System Model Based on Fuzzy Inference and Neural Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 197 (September 2012): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.197.547.

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For the characteristics of fuzziness, indeterminacy etc. in nonlinear systems, this paper, combining fuzzy inference system with neural network, Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System model had been provided in the paper, ANFIS method is based on Sugeno fuzzy model and has a structure similar to neural network that tunes the parameters of the fuzzy inference system with back propagation algorithm and least - square method and can produce fuzzy rules automatically. This solutes extraction of fuzzy rules and learning of parameters of membership functions play an essential role in the design. This paper gives the simulation example of modeling a typical system with ANFIS method and good result is obtained.

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Lin, Pin-Hsuan, Yuan-Ping Lin, Kai-Li Chen, Shang-Yu Yang, Yin-Hwa Shih, and Po-Yu Wang. "Effect of aromatherapy on autonomic nervous system regulation with treadmill exercise-induced stress among adolescents." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 13, 2021): e0249795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249795.

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Introduction Stress is a major health issue in adolescents owing to the important transitions experienced during this period. Aromatherapy is an effective method for the reduction of stress in adolescents. Purpose The aims of this study were to examine the effect of aromatherapy on the regulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) along with stress relief and to explore the effect of aromatherapy on adolescents with different levels of stress. Methods This quasi-experimental study comprised three types of treatments: control (no essential oil), pure essential oil therapy (sandalwood), and blended essential oil therapy (sandalwood-lavender). The heart rate variability (HRV) was calculated to evaluate the post-exercise recovery of the ANS to the baseline level in the recruited adolescents. To examine the efficiency of aromatherapy, Friedman test was used to assess the significance of difference in all parameters (i.e., mean heart rate, SDNN, normalized LF, normalized HF, and LF/HF) between baseline and after exercise among the three treatment conditions. Results The participants comprised 43 junior college students (8 males and 35 females) with a mean age of 18.21 ± 0.99. Significant differences in changes of two HRV parameters (normalized LF and LF/HF) were associated with both essential oil therapies compared to those in the control group (p<0.05), and one more HRV parameter (normalized HF) exhibited significant difference related to blended essential oil therapy compared to that of the control group. Besides, changes in two HRV parameters (mean heart rate and normalized HF) of both essential oil therapies in the low level stress subgroup showed significant differences compared to those of the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions This study demonstrated that aromatherapy could be used for ANS regulation with stress-relieving effects in adolescents. The participants with a low stress level appeared to respond better to the blended essential oil therapy, whereas those with medium to high levels of stress appeared to respond poorly to aromatherapy compared to the control.

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Tervydis, Paulius, and Ramutis Rindzevičius. "INVESTIGATION OF BATCH DATA FLOW TRANSMISSION PARAMETERS." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 12, no. 4 (December 31, 2006): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13928619.2006.9637762.

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Rapid growth and increasing requirements for service quality, reliability, and efficiency have made traffic evaluation an essential consideration in design and operation of data transmission networks. In this paper we analyse performance measures of data transmission network servicing batch data flows. The article provides analysis of the one channel queuing system transmitting data packet flow general distributed. In this article we introduce queuing system with finite and infinite buffer capacity. In this article we analyse such data packets transmission performance parameters: average time spent by data packet in system, data packet delay variation, data packet loss. The data packet arrival rate and channel data packet transmission rate are independent of system state. A key mechanism of the proposed traffic model is that packet time spent in the system depends on channel utilization level, packet flow type and size of transmitted data. The proposed simulation model can be used when packet interarrival time follows such distributions: Pareto, Poisson, uniform, normal distribution. Simulation results of performance measures are defined by mathematical models. Considering simulation results recommendations were proposed to improve performance measures for batch data flow transmission over data networks.

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Sapietová, Alžbeta, Milan Sapieta, and Bohuslav Hyben. "Sensitivity Analysis Application for Multibody System Synthesis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 420 (September 2013): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.420.68.

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Nowadays computational techniques utilization is essential part of the technical development. Visual form of data acquisition from simulations or solving of technical problems is the most effective approach. In the field of computer-aided design (CAD) 3D graphic visualization is certaintybecause it makes it possible to design a very complicated parts and devices at a short time. Furthermore it enable to trace how these parts behave during operating regimes and make an optimization of required parameters. In this paper the engineering design of gravity orienting part tool for cylindrical bushings will be presented. Each of 3D components was designed in CAD software Pro/ENGINEER and MSC.ADAMS virtual prototype was created in simulation software. Using the tools of parametric analysis for refining model parameters in software MSC.ADAMS optimization of selected design and dynamic parameters of given designed system was carried out.

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Bhaduri, Rupam, Subrata Banerjee, and Mrinal Kanti Sarkar. "Genetic Algorithm Based Optimization of Controller Parameters for an Electromagnetic Levitation System." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 3900–3908. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.3900.

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Electromagnetic levitation system (EMLS) is inherently unstable and strongly non-linear in nature. Controllers based on linear model and designed by classical approach for any EMLS have restricted zone of operation. For a small variation of operating air-gap there is sharp degradation of controller performance. But it is essential to design an optimized controller that will stabilize unstable EMLS and will provide satisfactory performance for a wide range of operating air-gap. In this paper a Genetic Algorithm (GA) based optimisation technique for controllers of two actuator based levitation system has been discussed. GA has a highly proven track record of optimisation of parameters for different types of control schemes. Here the work focuses mainly on an optimal control of a proposed two actuator based EMLS scheme, which is composed of a stochastic technique based on Genetic Algorithm (GA).

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PHILIPPE, PIERRE, MARIA R. GARCIA, and BRUCE J. WEST. "EVIDENCE OF "ESSENTIAL UNCERTAINTY" IN EMERGENCY-WARD LENGTH OF STAY." Fractals 12, no. 02 (June 2004): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x04002495.

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Scaling in random time series is a novel way of gaining insight into mechanisms of complex systems. Scaling parameters characterize searches for the presence of "essential" uncertainty in outcomes of complex systems. The presence of this type of uncertainty in the emergency system (ES) can point to unusual ways of relieving the financial burden to the health system and improve the public health. The objective of this paper is to test for the presence of "essential" uncertainty in an outcome variable of the ES, i.e. emergency-ward length of stay (EWLS). An inverse power law (IPL) function fit to data can assess "essential" uncertainty. The study of EWLS has been undertaken in ten large Quebec hospitals. We find that all hospital EWLS are well fit by an IPL, as determined by an aggregated allometric relation. The presence of "essential" uncertainty is further confirmed by stratifying the EWLS according to proxies of disease complexity and severity at entry in emergency ward. Results point out that the various hospital dynamic systems embed "essential" uncertainty to various degrees. We conclude that intervention to reduce hospital health care costs must be centered on the interaction and feedback characterizing the ES processing of the patients.

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Omer, Elsayed, Saber Hendawy, Abdel Nasser ElGendy, Alberto Mannu, Giacomo L. Petretto, and Giorgio Pintore. "Effect of Irrigation Systems and Soil Conditioners on the Growth and Essential Oil Composition of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Cultivated in Egypt." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 15, 2020): 6611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166611.

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A relevant improvement of the cultivar conditions of Rosmarinus officinalis L. in desert areas was achieved by a specific combination between an irrigation system and soil conditioner. A drastic reduction in water employment was obtained without affecting the quality of the plants, which was determined by monitoring the growth parameters and essential oil characteristics. In particular, the effect of surface and subsurface drip irrigation systems and different soil conditioners on the growth parameters, yield, and essential oil constituents of rosemary plants was assessed. Field experiments at the Agricultural Research Station (Al-Adlya farm), SEKEM Group Company, El-Sharkiya Governorate, Egypt, conducted over the two seasons, revealed the effectiveness of subsurface irrigation systems in obtaining better performances, especially in terms of saving water. The combination of subsurface irrigation and the conditioner HUNDZ soil with bentonite showed the maximum mean values of growth characteristics compared with other soil amendments during both seasons. The possibility to employ a water-saving irrigation system at the subsurface level without any drawback in the resulting plants was also explored in terms of molecular composition. Gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS) analysis of the essential oils extracted from plants grown under different irrigation conditions revealed a comparable composition in both cases. The quality of the system that showed the best performance was also confirmed by the comparable yield of the essential oil.

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Canals, Ignasi, María C. Carmona, Marta Amigó, Albert Barbera, Analía Bortolozzi, Francesc Artigas, and Ramon Gomis. "A Functional Leptin System Is Essential for Sodium Tungstate Antiobesity Action." Endocrinology 150, no. 2 (February 1, 2009): 642–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2008-0881.

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Sodium tungstate is a novel agent in the treatment of obesity. In diet-induced obese rats, it is able to reduce body weight gain by increasing energy expenditure. This study evaluated the role of leptin, a key regulator of energy homeostasis, in the tungstate antiobesity effect. Leptin receptor-deficient Zucker fa/fa rats and leptin-deficient ob/ob mice were treated with tungstate. In lean animals, tungstate administration reduced body weight gain and food intake and increased energy expenditure. However, in animals with deficiencies in the leptin system, treatment did not modify these parameters. In ob/ob mice in which leptin deficiency was restored through adipose tissue transplantation, treatment restored the tungstate-induced body weight gain and food intake reduction as well as energy expenditure increase. Furthermore, in animals in which tungstate administration increased energy expenditure, changes in the expression of key genes involved in brown adipose tissue thermogenesis were detected. Finally, the gene expression of the hypothalamic neuropeptides, Npy, Agrp, and Cart, involved in the leptin regulation of energy homeostasis, was also modified by tungstate in a leptin-dependent manner. In summary, the results indicate that the effectiveness of tungstate in reducing body weight gain is completely dependent on a functional leptin system. Anti-obesity activity of tungstate is due to an increase in thermogenesis and a reduction in food intake and depends entirely on a functional leptin system.

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Krušič, Vid, and Tomaž Rodič. "Reliability of system for precise cold forging." Materials and Geoenvironment 64, no. 2 (July 1, 2017): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rmzmag-2017-0006.

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AbstractThe influence of scatter of principal input parameters of the forging system on the dimensional accuracy of product and on the tool life for closed-die forging process is presented in this paper. Scatter of the essential input parameters for the closed-die upsetting process was adjusted to the maximal values that enabled the reliable production of a dimensionally accurate product at optimal tool life. An operating window was created in which exists the maximal scatter of principal input parameters for the closed-die upsetting process that still ensures the desired dimensional accuracy of the product and the optimal tool life. Application of the adjustment of the process input parameters is shown on the example of making an inner race of homokinetic joint from mass production. High productivity in manufacture of elements by cold massive extrusion is often achieved by multiple forming operations that are performed simultaneously on the same press. By redesigning the time sequences of forming operations at multistage forming process of starter barrel during the working stroke the course of the resultant force is optimized.

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Huang, Qiang, and Xiao Fei Li. "Correlation and Significance Analysis Method on the Design Parameter for Dynamic Rigidity of Spindle System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 251 (December 2012): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.251.51.

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In the dynamic design of spindle system, the better effect should be achieved by optimizing multi-parameters synthetically. A spindle system has numerous design parameters. It is not advisable to optimize every design parameter. So, it is quite essential to analyze the influence extent and their correlation of these design parameters on the system dynamic rigidity. Taking the hob spindle system of YK3610 as an example, an analyzing method based on the orthogonal test is introduced in this paper. In this analysis, the dynamics model of system is built by transfer matrix method. Finally, a multi-parameters optimizing demonstration is provided.

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Pang, M., Y. Peng, P. Zhou, and Y. Du. "Thermodynamic modeling of the Hf-N system." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 54, no. 1 (2018): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb170520055p.

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Hf-N based alloys have been widely used and studied in the fields of electronic devices and cutting tools industry. A thermodynamic description of this system is essential for further materials development. By means of CALPHAD method, a thermodynamic modeling of the Hf-N system was carried out based on the available phase diagram data as well as thermodynamic property data. The Fcc phase is modeled as (Hf, Va)1(N, Va)1 to cover the composition range since the solubility of nitrogen in Fcc phase is reported up to about 52 at.%. A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters for the Hf-N system has been obtained. The computed phase diagrams and thermodynamic quantities using the present parameters agree well with the experimental data.

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Yang, Zhuo, Yiru Inoue, Jian Wan, and Lei Chen. "Channel Parameters Identification Based on IMM Algorithm for Variant Correlation Channel." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/137528.

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In wireless communication systems, correct knowledge of the correlation of a fading channel is essential for channel estimation. Both the reliability of the estimated channel impulse response (CIR) and the adjustment of an adaptive communication system need the accurate correlation information, which is difficult to identify especially when changing. By modeling the fading channel as a hybrid dynamic system, a channel estimation algorithm based on Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) is presented with the consideration of time-variant channel correlation. Applying the IMM algorithm, the proposed channel estimator can identify the channel correlation. With the accurate information of channel correlation, the proposed algorithm is capable of performing accurate estimation on the fading wireless channel with time-variant or time-invariant correlation. Our simulations demonstrate that the IMM based channel estimation algorithm has good performance in estimating CIR as well as in identifying the channel correlation.

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35

Pombo, G. V., Y. S. Pereira,, I. V. F. Gonzaga, F. M. P. Taran, H. C. Mazzo, R. Françoso, T. N. Centini, and A. A. O. Gobesso. "Use of essential oil on digestive health and blood parameters of maintenance horses." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 73, no. 1 (February 2021): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12009.

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ABSTRACT Essential oils (EO) such as carvacrol represent a wide range of mainly volatile aromatic plant compounds which hold antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal potential, in addition to other properties of interest to animal health, such as the ability to modulate the microbiome. Current horse care commonly involves an intensive management system with an excessive use of concentrated feed, which can lead to severe digestive and metabolic disorders. Studies with EO in horses are limited, but the use of carvacrol essential oil (CEO) can promote benefits in microbial fermentation. The objective was to investigate the effect of different quantities of CEO on the apparent total digestibility of nutrients, microbial profile in the feces and postprandial blood glucose and insulin response when added to the equine diet. Eight Mini-Horse geldings were used (42±6 months; 135±15 kg BW) and fed with a proportion of 60% concentrate and 40% grass hay. The treatments were: 0, 100, 200 and 300 ppm of CEO. The addition of CEO up to 300 ppm did not influence the apparent digestibility of nutrients or the postprandial plasma glucose and insulin response. The use of CEO maintained the fermentative digestive health of horses fed with concentrate diets.

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Balaji, A., M. V. Vellayappan, A. A. John, A. P. Subramanian, S. K. Jaganathan, Eko Supriyanto, and S. I. A. Razak. "An insight on electrospun-nanofibers-inspired modern drug delivery system in the treatment of deadly cancers." RSC Advances 5, no. 71 (2015): 57984–8004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra07595e.

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Zinchenko, V. F., I. R. Magunov, O. V. Mozgova, G. V. Nechyporenko, and I. V. Stoianova. "Interaction Studying in System GeO - B2O3 by Spectroscopic Methods." Фізика і хімія твердого тіла 19, no. 2 (May 3, 2019): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.19.2.163-170.

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Because of X-ray amorphous character of GeO and B2O3 for study of interaction between them methods of IR transmission spectroscopy and spectroscopy of diffuse reflectance are applied. Essential change of positionand intensity of bands of absorption in system GeO-B2O3 (H3BO3) at heating and thermal evaporation in vacuum is established. It is observed essential gypsochromic shift of short-wave border and bathochromic shift of long wave border of domain of an optical transparency of a coating compared with initial GeO that testifies in favour of change of the nature of a material. A coating from Germanium (ІІ) oxide exhibits high optical and operational parameters and are perspective for interference optics of an IR range of a spectrum.

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38

Du, Ye Fei, Ming Li Dong, Jun Wang, and Peng Sun. "A Method Based on Two Constraints for Camera Calibration Interior Parameters." Applied Mechanics and Materials 103 (September 2011): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.103.181.

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In the digital photogrammetry system, camera calibration is an essential part and its accuracy directly affects system accuracy. Because non-metric digital camera interior parameters are the stationary in the measurement process, the camera interior parameters should be accurately calibrated in the laboratory. Considering the lack of general DLT algorithm, we adopt nonlinear model of the camera based on distortion. And two additional constraints are used to accurately calibrate the parameters of the camera. The experimental results are analyzed and compared with the V-STARS system. The results of interior parameters calibration are less than 1 pixel. Test results meet the requirements of industrial digital photogrammetry.

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Zigic, Aleksandar, Djordje Saponjic, Vojislav Arandjelovic, and Zora Zunic. "The concept of a unified meteorological and radiological monitoring system based on hyperion technology." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 19, no. 2 (2004): 74–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp0402074z.

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For the purpose of tracing the migration of radioactive materials in the environment it is essential to monitor meteorological and radiological parameters by a unified measurement system, because of the strong correlation of meteorological and radiological parameters. The ultimate goal is the prevention of radioactivity-induced diseases and disorders caused by radioactivity in both human population and the environment. A unified meteorological and radiological monitoring system can be readily implemented by using the organization and communication infrastructure of HYPERION technology. This would ensure an automatic and centralized acquisition of all relevant parameters.

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HUANG, Hai-Bin, Lu-Ming YANG, Jian-Xin WANG, and Shao-Hua LI. "Identification Technique of Essential Nodes in Protein Networks Based on Combined Parameters." Acta Automatica Sinica 34, no. 11 (April 7, 2009): 1388–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1004.2008.01388.

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41

Labuz, Joseph M., Christopher Moraes, David R. Mertz, Brendan M. Leung, and Shuichi Takayama. "Building an experimental model of the human body with non-physiological parameters." TECHNOLOGY 05, no. 01 (March 2017): 42–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2339547817500029.

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New advances in engineering and biomedical technology have enabled recent efforts to capture essential aspects of human physiology in microscale, in-vitro systems. The application of these advances to experimentally model complex processes in an integrated platform — commonly called a ‘human-on-a-chip (HOC)’ — requires that relevant compartments and parameters be sized correctly relative to each other and to the system as a whole. Empirical observation, theoretical treatments of resource distribution systems and natural experiments can all be used to inform rational design of such a system, but technical and fundamental challenges (e.g. small system blood volumes and context-dependent cell metabolism, respectively) pose substantial, unaddressed obstacles. Here, we put forth two fundamental principles for HOC design: inducing in-vivo-like cellular metabolic rates is necessary and may be accomplished in-vitro by limiting O2 availability and that the effects of increased blood volumes on drug concentration can be mitigated through pharmacokinetics-based treatments of solute distribution. Combining these principles with natural observation and engineering workarounds, we derive a complete set of design criteria for a practically realizable, physiologically faithful, five-organ millionth-scale ([Formula: see text]) microfluidic model of the human body.

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42

Sato, Koichi, Koichi Yokoyama, Kiyotaka Tanikawa, and Yukio Goto. "The Observations of the Earth Rotation and the Stellar System." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 109 (1986): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900076488.

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The fundamental reference of the Earth rotation observation by the method of optical astrometry, such as VZT, PZT, astrolabe, transit instrument and so on, relies upon the stellar system. Hence the stellar positions and proper motions, and the celestial reference coordinate system are essential to preserve the system of the Earth orientation parameters determined by the optical astrometry.

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43

Huang, Xianzhen, and Frank PA Coolen. "Reliability sensitivity analysis of coherent systems based on survival signature." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability 232, no. 6 (February 16, 2018): 627–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748006x18754974.

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The reliability sensitivity can be used to rank distribution parameters of system components concerning their impacts on the system’s reliability. Such information is essential to purposes such as component prioritization, reliability improvement, and risk reduction of a system. In this article, we present an efficient method for reliability sensitivity analysis of coherent systems using survival signature. The survival signature is applied to calculate the reliability of coherent systems. The reliability importance of components is derived analytically to evaluate the relative importance of the component with respect to the overall reliability of the system. The closed-form formula for the reliability sensitivity of the system with respect to component’s distribution parameters is derived from the derivative of lifetime distribution of a component to further investigate the impacts of the distribution parameters on the system’s reliability. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed approaches are demonstrated with two numerical examples.

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Kasparaviciene, Giedre, Zenona Kalveniene, Alvydas Pavilonis, Ruta Marksiene, Jurgita Dauksiene, and Jurga Bernatoniene. "Formulation and Characterization of Potential Antifungal Oleogel with Essential Oil of Thyme." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9431819.

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The aim of this research was to formulate oleogel with thyme essential oil with potential antimicrobial activity, design optimal formulation, and evaluate the influence of ingredients on texture parameters of preparation. Central composite design was applied to statistical optimization of colloidal silica and paraffin oil mixture for the modeling of oleogel delivery system. The influence of designed formulations on response variables (texture parameters), firmness, cohesiveness, consistency, and index of viscosity, was evaluated. Quality of essential oil of thyme was assessed by determinate concentration of thymol and carvacrol using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). Microbiological tests have shown that oleogel with thyme essential oil affectsCandida albicansmicroorganism when thyme essential oil’s concentration is 0,05% in oleogel mixture.

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Rocha, Wenderson Henrique, Juliana Álvares Teodoro, Francisco de Assis Acurcio, Augusto Afonso Guerra, Isabel Cristina Gomes Moura, Brian Godman, Amanj Kurdi, Renata Cristina Rezende Macedo do Nascimento, and Alessandra Maciel Almeida. "Influence of pharmaceutical services organization on the availability of essential medicines in a public health system." Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research 10, no. 6 (April 2021): 519–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/cer-2020-0259.

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Objective: To evaluate the influence of organizational structure and technical-management activities on the availability of essential medicines in the primary healthcare. Materials & methods: Cross-sectional, exploratory and evaluative study. The availability was evaluated according to parameters established by the WHO. Results: The average availability of standardized essential medicines was 83.3 and 73.3% for medicines purchased centrally by the Brazilian government. Among the therapeutic groups evaluated, the lowest average availability were for the tuberculostatics (24.1%) and psychotropic/special control medicines (30.3%). Conclusion: The availability of essential medicines was positively influenced by the presence of the pharmacist and by the computerized system deployed, and negatively associated with essential medicines purchased centrally by the federal government, especially in the smaller municipalities.

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Liu, Lin Zhi. "Study on Parameters Measurement System of Ball-End Cutter Based on Optical Vision Detection." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 2109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.2109.

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In manufacturing field, the geometric parameters measurement of tool is an essential process in manufacturing ball-end cutter. An optical visual inspection system of ball-end cutter parameters was studied through designing CCD camera, optical microscope, image grabbing card, visual light and 3D detection tables. Through the grabbing and processing image information of ball-end cutter, visual inspection method was applied to measure parameters of ball-end cutter. Some algorithms including the gray scale processing, median filtering, edge detection and least square fitting method of measured data were analyzed to develop image processing and tool detection software of ball-end cutter. The reliability and accuracy of this detection system were verified through the practical test.

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Abo Ghanima, Mahmoud M., Mohamed F. Elsadek, Ayman E. Taha, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Mahmoud Alagawany, Badreldin M. Ahmed, Mona M. Elshafie, and Karim El-Sabrout. "Effect of Housing System and Rosemary and Cinnamon Essential Oils on Layers Performance, Egg Quality, Haematological Traits, Blood Chemistry, Immunity, and Antioxidant." Animals 10, no. 2 (February 4, 2020): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10020245.

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Housing system and nutrition are non-genetic factors that can improve the well-being of animals to obtain higher quality products. A better understanding of how different housing systems and essential oils can influence the performance of layers is very important at the research and commercial levels. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of a housing system and dietary supplementation of rosemary and cinnamon essential oils on layers’ performance and egg quality. A factorial arrangement (2 × 3) was performed include two housing systems (floor and cage) and three different types of essential oils (0, 300 mg/kg diet of rosemary and 300 mg/kg diet of cinnamon essential oils) to study their effects on the productive performance, egg quality, immunity, oxidative stress and haematology of ISA brown laying hens during the production stages (from 28 to 76 weeks of age). Birds were randomly divided into two groups each comprising of 1500 birds; the first group was moved from the litter to reared laying cages while the second group was floor reared. Each group was randomly divided into three groups, the first was considered as a control group, the second treated with rosemary essential oil, and the third with cinnamon essential oil. The differences in egg production and weight, egg quality, feed intake and conversion, blood picture and chemistry, immunity, and antioxidant parameters between the different housing systems (floor and cage) were not significant at (p < 0.05 or 0.01). On the other hand, the egg production and weight, Haugh unit, feed intake and conversion, blood cholesterol, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), urea, Ca, P, immunity, and antioxidant parameters were significantly (p < 0.05 or 0.01) better in rosemary and cinnamon groups than in the control group. Furthermore, the results of dietary supplementation with rosemary and cinnamon were very close. Regarding egg production and weight, there were no significant differences due to the interactions. The differences in egg mass among the interactions were also not significant except at 68–76 weeks, where the cage × cinnamon group was the highest. Under the floor rearing system, birds that were fed a diet supplemented with or without essential oils (EOs) consumed more feed than those raised under the cage system. Regarding feed conversion rate (FCR), the differences among the interactions were not significant except at 44–52, 52–60 and 68–76 weeks, where the cage × cinnamon group was the lowest. Excluding glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity (p < 0.001), all immunity and antioxidant indices were not statistically different as a consequence of the interaction among EOs and housing systems. Additionally, the highest levels of phosphorus were observed for layers fed diets enriched with cinnamon oil with the cage or floor system. In conclusion, the data suggested that supplementation of rosemary and cinnamon essential oils in laying hen diet showed significantly positive effects on hen performance and egg production. Cholesterol, liver and kidney functions, immunity, and antioxidant parameters improved with rosemary and cinnamon supplementation when compared to the control. Additionally, the different housing systems did not result in any positive or negative impact on these traits.

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Ilinykh, Andrey, Alexey Manakov, Andrey Abramov, and Sergey Kolarzh. "Quality assurance and control system for railway track tamping." MATEC Web of Conferences 216 (2018): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821603004.

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Ensuring stable parameters of a railway track after bringing it into a design position is a key measure of quality for evaluating completed repairs. Identifying quality criteria for sleeper tamping using a special rolling stock is a high-priority problem for a railway track infrastructure. This problem is complicated by a large choice of ballast compaction, leveling and finishing machines, totaling more than 30 types. The paper presents results of theoretical studies aimed at assuring and controlling the quality of tamping by multi-purpose track machines. The factors that determine the stability of railway track parameters in operation were identified. The track repair processes were analyzed. The operating factors that are essential for developing qualitative process parameters were identified for various types of track machines. Based on the findings of these studies, a quality assurance and control methodology was developed for railway track repair and maintenance operations.

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BALAWENDER, Krzysztof, Hubert KUSZEWSKI, Kazimierz LEJDA, and Adam USTRZYCKI. "The effect of multi-phase injection on selected parameters of the common rail fuel system." Combustion Engines 135, no. 4 (November 1, 2008): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117228.

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The common rail fuel supply systems due to their flexibility of injection characteristics are the most frequently applied fuel supply solution in Diesel engines. The most essential parameters, which have the effect on the phenomena taking place in a Common Rail system are the duration of the injection, rail pressure and fuel temperature. There may also be other factors effecting the course of the injection. The split of the fuel dose into a few parts can cause a pressure fluctuation in the rail and also in the whole system, effecting the course of the injection. In the article tests results related with the influence of multiple injection on the total fuel dose and real onset of the injection have been presented. The tests were carried out on a test stand fitted with Bosch EPS-815 (electronic fuel dose measurement). For the testing of the real injection onset the visualization system AVL Visioscope was used. The control of the injector was realized through a controller which enabled to split the fuel dose into three parts.

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Boegner, Eva. "Modes of Ventilatory Support and Weaning Parameters in Children." AACN Advanced Critical Care 1, no. 2 (August 1, 1990): 378–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/15597768-1990-2016.

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Pediatric respiratory therapy management has become increasingly complex. Mechanical ventilation has become a mainstay in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. Thorough knowledge of the modes of ventilatory support and criteria for weaning are essential for the critical care nurse to anticipate patient needs. Ventilatory support is initiated when a patient exhibits respiratory failure. For whatever reason, the respiratory system cannot meet the metabolic demands for oxygenation and carbon dioxide (CO2) elimination. Indications for mechanical ventilation in children include marked hypoxia, hypercapnea, peripheral airway obstruction, chest wall deformities, and central nervous system abnormalities. Nurses caring for these children must possess adequate knowledge of the underlying disease process as well as normal respiratory physiology and technical features of ventilators. Nursing strategies can then be directed toward weaning children from the mechanical ventilatory support

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Journal articles on the topic 'The system of essential parameters'

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