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Journal articles on the topic 'The USSR camps'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Danylchuk, Vitalina, and Roman Mykhalchuk. "LAW REGULATIONS OF THE PENITENTIARY SYSTEM FUNCTIONING IN THE GULAG CORRECTIONAL LABOR CAMPS." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 10 (June 30, 2022): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/history.112030.

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The article attempts to analyze the fundamentals of the functioning of the punishment system in the GULAG correctional labor camps in the 1930-50s, considering them as a tool of totalitarian practices in the USSR. The research reveals that in the 1930-50s, the main places of imprisonment in the USSR were correctional labor camps, which were part of a centralized system – the Chief Administration of the Camps (GULAG) government agency. This system was not only a powerful tool for the execution of punishment and imprisonment, the main task of which was the use of prisoners’ labor to implem

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Saktaganova, Z. G. "GULAG camps in Kazakhstan: about the stages of the history of creation and functioning." Bulletin of the Karaganda university History.Philosophy series 105, no. 1 (2022): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2022hph1/144-154.

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The article aims to formulate the problem of the stages in the history of the GULAG camps in the Kazakh SSR. The existing versions of Russian and Kazakh researchers are compared according to the variants of the stages of the camp system in the USSR and the KazSSR. The author of the article proposes her own version of periodization in the history of Kazakhstani camps (4 periods), the most characteristic features of each period are noted. The object of the analysis is data on Kazakhstani camps from published and unpublished sources. Based on the used materials, data on the number and location of

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3

Allanijazov, Turganbek. "Lithuanians among prisoners of other ethnic groups in special-purpose camps of USSR MGB." Genocidas ir rezistencija 2, no. 44 (2024): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.61903/gr.2018.204.

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Turganbek Allanijazov (the Republic of Kazakhstan, O. A. Baikonurov Zhezkazgan University), the author of this article, explores main statistical data related to the number of Lithuanians in special purpose camps of The Chief Administration of Corrective Labour Camps (GULAG) under the Ministry of State Security (MGB) of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), located in the territories of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic and Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), in 1950–1954. Quantitative dynamics of Lithuanians is presented by years and camps. Tendencies and trends

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4

Uporov, Ivan V., and Maksim I. Perlik. "Mass Prisoner Disobedience in Corrective Labour Camps of Post-War USSR." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-v154.

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This paper studies mass disobedience among the prisoners of Soviet corrective labour camps (CLCs) during the post-war years (1945–1956) in the context of Soviet corrective labour policy of that time. Noteworthy, there have been conflicting assessments of this aspect of the history of the aforementioned institutions. This research is based on the systematic approach as well as on the principles of historicism and objectivity. The main trends of Soviet corrective labour policy in the wake of the Great Patriotic War are identified; the contradictory nature of this policy is pointed out. On the on

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5

Kokebayeva, Gulzhaukhar, and Rakhmetolla Zakarya. "Evacuation and Repression: The Spaniards' Life in Kazakhstan." Historia Contemporánea, no. 70 (October 3, 2022): 919–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/hc.22359.

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When the war erupted between the USSR and Germany, the emigrants who were in the European part of the USSR were evacuated to the eastern republics, including Kazakhstan along with some children from children’s homes. The Spaniards repressed by the Soviet government and the soldiers-prisoners of the “Blue Division” were kept in the Kazakh camps. This paper examines the Spanish emigrants’ life and activities in Kazakhstan, their resettlement from Kazakhstan to the Crimea, and the problem of Spanish emigrants’ conscription in the Soviet Army. Also, the fate of repressed Spaniards who were sent to

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CARP, Simion, and Ruslan CONDRAT. "WAR PRISONERS KILLED IN THE CAMPS OF THE USSR." Anale ştiinţifice ale Academiei "Ştefan cel Mare" a MAI al Republicii Moldova. Ştiinţe juridice=Scientific Annals of the Academy "Stefan cel Mare" of MIA of the Republic of Moldova. Legal Sciences 17 (September 5, 2023): 48–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8318667.

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Within the article, the author refers to the situation of war prisoners held in camps in the USSR. Thus, based on the existing bibliographic sources, as well as declassified archival materials, it is found that in addition to the killed prisoners, a large number of them died due to injuries, diseases, inhuman conditions of detention, exploitation at grueling work, malnutrition, lack of warm clothes, dystrophy, hypothermia, etc. Soviet officers demonstrated brutal behavior towards prisoners, consumed alcoholic beverages and committed murders. There was a time when such crimes were encouraged by

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7

Zykin, Ivan. "Timber industry activity of the GULAG correctional labor camps of the OGPU-NKVD of the USSR in the late 1920s - 1937." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 7 (July 2022): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2022.7.36098.

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The article examines the activity of correctional labor camps specializing in timber industry in the Soviet Union in the period from the late 1920s to 1937, singled out as the first stage of development of this group of camp complexes. The definition of the concept of "forest" correctional labor camps is given. For the first time, an analysis of the timber industry activity of the camps was undertaken. "Forest" camps functioned in the areas of the largest Soviet cities (Moscow and Leningrad), in the European North, the Urals and Siberia. Their main function was reduced to the development of wo

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8

Avrahova, Iryna. ""Throwing the word is my craft!" (to the 100th anniversary of S. Karavansky's birth)." Вісник Книжкової палати, no. 11 (March 24, 2022): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.36273/2076-9555.2020.11(292).44-47.

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Many misfortunes befell this extraordinary man. War, captivity, arrest and many, many decades in the concentration camps of the USSR, and then - emigration . After all, Ukraine and his native language were the meaning of his whole life.

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9

Ratushniak, Oleg V., and Tatiana V. Ratushniak. "COSSACKS IN CAMPS FOR DISPLACED PERSONS." IZVESTIYA VUZOV SEVERO-KAVKAZSKII REGION SOCIAL SCIENCE, no. 4 (212) (December 28, 2021): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2687-0770-2021-4-84-89.

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The article analyzes simultaneously two problems that are still poorly understood in Russian historiography. One of them is related to the activities of camps for displaced persons. Another problem covers the stay of the Cossacks abroad in one of the little-studied periods of Russian history - the first years after the end of the Second World War. Attention is drawn to the fact that, on the whole, the Cossacks who found themselves among the displaced persons followed the same path as other immigrants from the USSR. At the same time, the peculiarity of the stay of the Cossacks from among the pe

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10

Leontyeva, Nadezda Il'inichna. "Senior Personnel of the NKVD/MVD Special Camps in East Germany (1945-1950): Experience in Creating and Analyzing a Relational Database." Историческая информатика, no. 3 (March 2024): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2585-7797.2024.3.71831.

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The subject of this article is the specifics of staffing the leadership of the special camps of the NKVD/MVD, which existed on the territory of East Germany in 1945-1950. The indicators obtained as a result of the creation and processing of the database of the leadership of the special camps are analyzed. The information potential of the created database accumulating information from the studied array of documentary sources is characterized. Special attention is paid to the consideration of the following characteristics of the senior staff of special camps, reflecting the career trajectories o

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Verigin, Sergey. "New Archival Documents on the Finnish Occupation of Karelia (1941—1944)." ISTORIYA 14, no. 8 (130) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840027793-1.

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The relevance of the article is due to the special importance of preserving historical memory for modern society about the genocide of the Nazis and their allies in the occupied territory of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War. Its novelty is determined by the introduction of extensive archival material into scientific circulation, on the basis of which numerous aspects of the content of civilians in Finnish concentration camps are studied: the difficult situation with food; the nature of the work performed by prisoners; quarantine measures of the occupation regime in the camps; facts of w

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Druzhinin, Petr. "Anthropological Research in Soviet Prisoner-of-War Camps in the 1940s." Antropologicheskij forum 20, no. 61 (2024): 143–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2024-20-61-143-193.

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The article fills an important gap in the history of Russian (Soviet) physical anthropology. Based on previously secret archival papers discovered by the author, the history of anthropological research in prisoner-of-war camps on the territory of the USSR in the 1940s is revealed. Following the example of anthropologists during World War I, Soviet anthropologists, led by Viktor Bunak, initiated and carried out an extensive research program under the auspices of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences in close cooperation with the NKVD authorities. The published archival materials strictl

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Roguska, Agnieszka, Rafał Roguski, and Anna Madej. "The education of Polish children deported to the USSR and evacuated to the near and Middle East during World War II." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 15, no. 1 (2024): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.10177.

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The text describes fragmentary education gained by children deported from the territory of Poland occupied by the Soviet Union to the forced labour camps and kolkhozes. They were subsequently evacuated from the USSR to Iran and other countries controlled by Great Britain. The release of such a large group of people from Gulag camps and places of isolation was an unprecedented situation in the Soviet system, and the presence of such a large number of civilians along the regular military units being formed at the time was unexampled in history. The authors illustrate education methods and condit

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ГЛУШКОВ, Александр Владимирович, Кристина Олеговна КОЗЛОВА та Илиана Дамировна ИСМАКАЕВА. "БРОШЮРЫ КАК ФОРМА АГИТАЦИОННЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ В ПЕРИОД ПЕРЕСЕЛЕНЧЕСКИХ КАМПАНИЙ В СССР ВО ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ 1950-х – НАЧАЛЕ 1960-х гг." Гуманитарные исследования в Восточной Сибири и на Дальнем Востоке, № 1 (22 березня 2024): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24866/1997-2857/2024-1/75-84.

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The resettlement program in the post-war USSR implied the creation of conditions for mass voluntary migration to the regions that were in dire need of labor. However, despite the benefits provided to migrants, their flow did not always satisfy the needs of collective farms, lumber camps and other enterprises. Under these conditions, the importance of propaganda work increased. The article attempts to identify the general and special in the representation of various regions of the USSR in the brochures issued in the second half of the 1950s – early 1960s and addressed to potential migrants.

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Nekola, Martin. "Czechoslovak Refugees in the Displaced Persons Camps in the Early Cold War." Exile History Review, no. 1 (November 15, 2022): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/ehr.14614.

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The paper deals with various aspects of the life of Czechoslovakian refugees at the displaced persons camps in Allied–occupied Germany and Austria. About 60,000 people left the country within a few years following the Communist takeover in February 1948. The first steps in the “free world” brought them behind the walls and fences of the camps, where accommodation met only very basic needs. Wooden shacks, former prisoner–of–war camps, military barracks, schools, factories or even more primitive housing, such as tents or train cars. The atmosphere in the camps was extremely tense because of the

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16

Orlova, Daria Igorevna. "The attitude of the USSR to the policy of repatriation at the final stage of the WWII and in the first post-war years." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 11 (November 2023): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2023.11.68924.

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This article highlights the participation of the USSR in solving the international problem of refugees and displaced persons in the post-war period; shows the attitude of the Soviet government to the policy of repatriation of Soviet citizens to their homeland, reveals the participation of the USSR in international organizations on the issue of refugees and displaced persons (UNRRA, IRO, UN) at the final stage of the Second World War and after its end, the ways of interaction of the allied countries on these world platforms are fixed. To study the activities of the USSR in the development of th

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17

Toews, Gerhard, and Pierre-Louis Vézina. "Enemies of the People." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 17, no. 1 (2025): 310–42. https://doi.org/10.1257/mac.20220231.

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The Soviet regime forcedly sent millions of enemies of the people, i.e. the educated elite considered a threat to the regime, to Gulag camps across the USSR. We use this large-scale episode of terror as a natural experiment to provide evidence on the long-run persistence of human capital across generations and its effect on economic growth. We combine archive data from the Gulag with the 2018 Russian firm census to show that areas around camps with a larger share of enemies among camp prisoners are more prosperous today, as captured by firms' wages and profits, and night lights per capita. (JE

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18

Vorob’ev, Vasilii A. "GULAG SONGS AND POEMS IN THE MEMOIRS OF YU.P. YAKIMENKO." Folklore: structure, typology, semiotics 7, no. 1 (2024): 83–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-5294-2024-7-1-83-107.

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The publication presents prison songs and poems from the typewritten text of Yu.P. Yakimenko’s memoirs “On prisons and camps: memories” (the document is stored in the collection of memoirs and literary works of the Archive of GULAG History of the Memorial* Society). The texts from memoirs provide insights into the peculiarities of the existence of certain prison songs and poems in various labor camps across the USSR. The author records the song repertoire of Soviet GULAG prisoners, the contexts of songs and poems emergence and transmission. The compositions of Yakimenko from the source are als

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Rowe-McCulloch, Maris. "Deprived of Masculinity?" Canadian-American Slavic Studies 58, no. 3 (2024): 280–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/22102396-05803016.

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Abstract This article explores how Soviet soldiers were impacted by captivity in German-run POW camps within the USSR during World War II, focusing specifically on how the camps stripped POW s of their ability to act out their masculinity. Using the Slavuta POW camp as a case study, it argues camp life prevented prisoners from embodying two dominant versions of masculinity from the 1940s: the heroic Red Army soldier, and Lilya Kaganovsky’s concept of the masculinity of lack. This was true according to the Soviet state, but also reflects the narratives of POW-survivors, who made no attempts to

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Filippova, Tatiana P. "Repressed Scientists’ Memoirs on the Development of the European North-East of the USSR in Late 1920s – Early 1950s." Herald of an archivist, no. 3 (2023): 765–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2023-3-765-776.

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The article focuses on the study of historical experience of the development of the Northern territories of Russia. The processes of industrial development of the Far North areas that began in late 1920s was closely connected to the events of repressive policy of the Soviet power. One of the accelerated industrial development regions was the European North-East of the USSR, which became a territory with a high concentration of camps and special settlements in the 1930s–50s. The article presents an analytical review of the memoirs of scientists, who were Gulag camps prisoners, stored in the arc

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Talent, John, N. Archbold, and Victor Machlin. "Georgiy Nikolaevich Frederiks (1889-1938), Paleontologist, Stratigrapher, Tectonicist—Biography and Bibliography." Earth Sciences History 14, no. 2 (1995): 137–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.14.2.b02h510957n7n7k6.

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In a brief career, 1911-early 1930s, Georgly Nikolaevich Frederiks swiftly became a leading authority on the paleontology and stratigraphy of the Late Paleozoic of the USSR. Tireless in field and laboratory, he contributed importantly to unraveling the structure of the Urals, and established an international reputation as a paleontologist and stratigrapher, notably for his numerous contributions on Late Paleozoic stratigraphy and paleontology, especially brachiopods. One of the most impressive Soviet paleontologist-geologists of the inter-war era, Frederiks, like so many of the intelligentsia

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Lityński, Adam. "ON THE IDEA OF LABOR, LABOR LAW, AND FORCED LABOR SELECTED REMARKS IN THE SOVIET UNION (1917-1945)." Roczniki Administracji i Prawa specjalny, no. XXI (2021): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6052.

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In the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, work was compulsory according to the 1918 labor code. This stemmed from the ideas of Marx. This position was also held by Lenin, Trotsky and others. The Communist Party could assign anyone any work. Evading work was a counter-revolutionary crime. Likewise, it was a crime to arbitrarily change one’s place of work. The compulsion to work required the use of terror. Terror was an everyday phenomenon in the USSR. Low labor productivity was a constant affliction. Prison labor was used en masse from the beginning. The GULAG system (forced labor camps) expa

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Perevoshchikov, D. V. "Soviet Prisoners of War in Romanian Camps in 1941–1944." Russia: Society, Politics, History, no. 1(14) (April 30, 2025): 91–106. https://doi.org/10.56654/ropi-2025-1(14)-91-106.

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The article deals with basic aspects of the problem that involves the process of the stay of Soviet prisoners of war in Romanian camps during Second World War. The research was carried out on the basis of the archival documents. A part of the materials was included in science use for the first time. The largest Romanian camps for Soviet prisoners of war represented in the paper. The issue about incarceration conditions, feed of the inmates touched in the research. Generally, the position of prisoners of war in the camp was hard. Partly it happened because of seriously dependency of the guide R

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Studenna-Skrukwa, Marta. "The One that Wasn’t: Child and Youth Labour in the Post-Stalin Era in the Soviet Union." Studia Historiae Oeconomicae 41, no. 2 (2023): 103–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.006.

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This paper examines the phenomenon of child and youth labour in the post-Stalin era in the Soviet Union. The starting point for the consideration constitutes the analysis of the law adopted by the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in 1958 titled “On the strengthening of the link between school and life and the further development of people’s education in the USSR”. This law placed great emphasis on combining education with practice and involving pupils from the earliest grades in various forms of both productive and socially useful labour. Subsequently, four categories of labour to which children and

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Goretskaia, Ekaterina Mikhailovna. "Comparative content analysis of the memoirs of the repressed: gender aspect." Историческая информатика, no. 1 (January 2022): 108–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2585-7797.2022.1.37831.

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Political terror was a distinctive phenomenon of the Soviet era, affecting broad segments of the population of the USSR. In addition to the official traditional sources on the history of this period (statistics, personal files of prisoners, court materials, periodicals), sources of personal origin play an important role вЂ“ diaries, letters, interviews and memoirs of prisoners of camps and special settlers. Of particular interest among other sources of personal origin on the history of repression in the USSR are collections of memoirs of the repressed. The largest collection of memoirs is pres

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Bambals, Ainars. "German soldiers in Latvian SSR war captive camps: reflections of problems in soviet represive structures documents." Genocidas ir rezistencija 2, no. 38 (2024): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.61903/gr.2015.205.

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The aim of this article is to provide research insights on the topic of German prisoners of war in Latvia (1945–1950). Research objectives: 1) to examine the sources; 2) to investigate the situation of German prisoners in the prisoner-of-war camps on the territory of the Latvian SSR; and 3) to investigate the problems of researching the historical source – the USSR NKVD German prisoner-of-war cemetery books.

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Allianizov, Turganbek. "Ukrainians in the Special Camps GUTAB Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR." Z arhìvìv VUČK, GPU, NKVD, KGB, no. 2 (48) (March 4, 2017): 218–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/vuchk2017.02.218.

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Dr. Magdalena Kumelska-Koniecko. "The Historical Narration of Polish Refugees in British India." Journal of European Studies (JES) 39, no. 2 (2023): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.56384/jes.v39i2.314.

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This paper aims to analyze the history of Polish refugees who came after the second world war in different areas between 1942-1946 especially resided in the temporary camps on the territory of today’s Pakistan i.e., Karachi and Quetta. It focuses on the main three camps including Quetta Camp, the Country Club Camp in Karachi and the Malir Camp. The Polish refugees who left the USSR during the second world war were called by many an “inhuman land”. Nearly 325,000 Poles migrated at the beginning and went to different parts of the world. The very first Polish refugee camp was established in

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Benkő, Levente, and Annamária Papp. "Hungarian Prisoners in the Romanian Gateway to the Soviet Camp Empire. Additions to the History of Prison Camp No. 176 in Focșani in the Light of Archival and Oral History Sources." Acta Musei Napocensis. Historica, no. 61 (December 20, 2024): 143–68. https://doi.org/10.54145/actamn.61.07.

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The prison camp No. 176, in Focșani was one of the largest Soviet camps in Eastern Europe, from 1944 to 1948. From the fall of 1944 until the summer of 1946 this camp functioned as a sorting and transit camp for Hungarian, German and even Romanian prisoners, both military and civilian, who were brought in freight trains from Romania and Hungary, occupied by Red Army troops, and after sorting were loaded into cattle railway cars and transported to labor camps in the USSR. In the period after the summer of 1946, the camp also functioned for the sorting and repatriation of prisoners returned from

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Ignatova, Violetta, Maria Matveeva, and Elena Peshkova. "The Expediency of Reconstruction and Prospects for the Development of “Abandoned” Children's Health Camps." Baikal Research Journal 15, no. 3 (2024): 1104–12. https://doi.org/10.17150/2411-6262.2024.15(3).1104-1112.

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Throughout the history of the children's recreation system, country camps have been the main tool for implementing the idea of the positive influence of nature on the versatile development of children. With the abolition of the USSR in 1991, the financing of such institutions decreased, which led to the degradation of the technical condition of the facilities and, as a result, their mass closure. To date, the State's policy of increasing the birth rate has not been provided with the necessary number of suburban children's recreation facilities. The purpose of this study is to consider the feas

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Bojor, Laviniu. "The Search for Classified Information – The Real Fight in the Cold War." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 24, no. 1 (2018): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2018-0004.

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Abstract The effort to get classified information from inside the adverse camp was the main objective of both super powers involved in the Cold War. Both the USA and the USSR tried, by all means at their disposal, to be one step ahead of the opponent by knowing their capabilities and adverse plans. This paper approaches the manner in which intelligence-gathering specialized structures from both camps were involved in collecting data and intelligence to win the information battle during the Cold War

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Гомельський, Алік. "ВАЖЛИВІСТЬ ЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ ІСТОРИЧНИХ АРХІВІВ (ЗОКРЕМА ЩОДО ЧАСІВ СРСР) ПІД ЧАС КУЛЬТУРОЦИДУ СУЧАСНОЇ ВІЙНИ". Ucraina Magna VI (1 грудня 2024): 74–81. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14253839.

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The article discusses the importance of preserving private archives. It analyzes certain documents from the private archive of Avraam Shifrin, the head of the Research Center for the Study of Prisons, Psychiatric Hospitals, and Concentration Camps-a person of extraordinary fate and indomitable spirit. He placed great importance on the interactions between the Jewish and Ukrainian peoples in defending democracy and freedom in the USSR. <em>Keywords:</em> Avraam Shifrin’s private archive, preservation of archival heritage, Ukrainian-Jewish relations, documents.

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Muktar, M., A. Akhmetova, and Z. Zhumabaev. "THE HISTORY OF THE PRORVA-ASTRAKHAN CAMPS IN ARCHIVAL SOURCES (1932-1950)." History of the Homeland 96, no. 4 (2021): 136–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.51943/1814-6961_2021_4_136.

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The article is devoted to the history of the Prorva-Astrakhan correctional labor camps (1932-1950), which were included in the GULAG system on the scale of the USSR, the historical documents of which were not included in scientific circulation. The history of the camp is analyzed using the documents of the The State Archive of the Russian Federation, the Special Archive of the Information Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Astrakhan region, Atyrau Regional State Archive and the special State archive of the Atyrau Region Police Department. From the information of the funds relate

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Sinitsyn, Fedor L. "Participation of the Comintern and the All-Slavic Anti-Fascist Committee in the Сreation of Foreign Military Formations on the Territory of the USSR (1941–1945)". Slavianovedenie, № 1 (15 лютого 2024): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869544x24010056.

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During the Great Patriotic War, on the territory of the USSR there were created military formations consisting of representatives of peoples, whose main ‘ethnic array’ was located outside the USSR. The Executive Committee of the Comintern, the foreign bureaus of the Communist Parties and established in 1941 the All-Slavic Anti-Fascist Committee were directly involved in the creation of foreign military units. The activities of these socio-political structures had several directions, including preparatory and propaganda work aimed at motivating the transition of soldiers of enemy armies to the

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Samarin, A. "Distinctive features of the industrialization of the Komi ASSR in 1927–1937." Proceedings of the Komi Science Centre of the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, no. 1 (May 17, 2023): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.19110/1994-5655-2023-1-117-126.

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Based on the documentary sources and scientific papers of Soviet and modern researchers, the paper analyzed why the industrialization of the Komi ASSR proceeded independently of the main strategic plans of the USSR. The first five-year development plans of the Komi region did not take into account the industrialization vector of the USSR aimed at a shift to a new technological paradigm. The wrong impressions about the role of the region in the economic system did not allow to archive the actual potential of the Komi region. The country was in dire need of oil and coal but the central planning

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Баталов, Кирилл Александрович. "Peculiarities of correspondence in the camps of the USSR in the 1920s and 30s." Церковный историк, no. 1(1) (June 15, 2019): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/chist.2019.1.1.020.

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Настоящая статья посвящена особенностям переписки в среде заключённых в концентрационных лагерях СССР в период 1920-30-х годов на примере Соловецкого лагеря особого назначения. Описана доставка официальной почты и неофициальные способы коммуникаций, распространённые в среде узников лагеря, в условиях информационной изоляции, искусственно организованной советской властью. Соловецкий лагерь особого назначения выбран как первый масштабный объект концентрации заключённых в годы гонений и даёт наглядное представление об оформлении почтовых отправлений и работе самой лагерной почты. Раскрыта роль ду

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Оганесян, Степан Мхитарович, and Михаил Эмильевич Жаркой. "Specificities of Combating Crime within Places of Detention in the USSR under Repressive Legislation of Late 1930s." ЖУРНАЛ ПРАВОВЫХ И ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26163/gief.2020.88.88.018.

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В статье рассмотрена практика работы исправительно-трудовых лагерей во второй половине 1930-х гг. Выявлены особенности борьбы с преступностью в местах лишения свободы в СССР в условиях применения репрессивного законодательства. Проанализированы нормативные акты, призванные регулировать порядок исполнения наказания в виде лишения свободы. The article focuses on the performance of forced corrective labour camps in the second half of 1930s with the specificities of combating crime in the places of detention in the USSR thus being highlighted. In addition the relevant regulatory acts aimed at regu

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Markdorf, N. M. "Anti-Fascist Movement of Prisoners of War in the West Siberian Camps of the NKVD-MVD USSR and its Role in Organizing the Labor Process." Izvestiya of Saratov University. History. International Relations 10, no. 2 (2010): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-4907-2010-10-2-109-113.

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Anti-fascist movement had a significant impact on the productivity of prisoners in Western Siberia in the postwar years. Camp Division Administration placed great hopes on the anti-fascist committees to build skills in an environment of war high labor and the growth of its efficiency, reduction of occupational injuries, illnesses and deaths; expose the saboteurs, wreckers, instigators, participants in the underground formations and groups. «Educating» new supporters of the socialist system took place with great difficulty and often hindered by a lack of understanding, active resistance, and so

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ORLOVA, L. N., and E. A. TSYGANKOVA. "THE SUMMER RECREATION SYSTEM FOR CHILDREN IN THE 1950s–1960s." JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AND MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION 13, no. 2 (2024): 102–12. https://doi.org/10.22394/2225-8272-2024-13-2-102-112.

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The purpose of the aerticle is to study the summer recreation system for children in the USSR in the 50s and 60s of the 20thcentury. In previous articles, we considered the origin and formation of the summer recreation system in the 20-40s of the last century; from tent and collective farm camps to stationary and intercollegiate; the emergence of new types of pioneer camps (tourist, school, defense sports); personnel training; the formation of organizational and substantive foundations of camp life; linking the educational system of the school and the pioneer camp. The methodology of the resea

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Ivanova, Galina M. "The Prisoner Camp System in the Caspian Region of Kazakhstan in 1932-1940." RUDN Journal of Russian History 21, no. 4 (2022): 498–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2022-21-4-498-508.

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In the study of the history of Soviet camps, there are still serious gaps; in particular, there are no works that reveal the history of the creation and functioning of the camp system in the Caspian region. This study fills the gap in historiography and provides answers to the topical issues of the location of some camp units, reasons, goals, objectives and conditions for the creation and operation of the camp com-plex in the Kazakhstan region of the Caspian Sea. The source base of the study is the documents from the fund of the Main Directorate of Camps and Places of Incarceration of the Mini

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Luarsabishvili, Vladimer. "Soviet prisoner of war camps in the territory of the Georgian SSR (1945-1954)." Cuadernos de Historia Contemporánea 43 (September 30, 2021): 227–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/chco.78179.

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This article uses archival materials kept in the Archive of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia. One of its main fonds is composed by former Soviet State Security (KGB) archive of the Georgian SSR. The materials used here describe in details the legislative base, POW-builders (facilities and scale), the exploitation of the POW workforce in agriculture, housing conditions of POWs as well as their physical conditions, and generate general conclusions regarding the conditions and functioning of the POW camps, revealing its role in the USSR economy and the assessment of the Soviet bureaucr

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Bichhvost, Alexander F. "Organization of propaganda, cultural and educational work among Soviet repatriates (1944–1946)." Izvestiya of Saratov University. History. International Relations 23, no. 3 (2023): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-4907-2023-23-3-313-321.

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In the Russian historical science there are almost no studies devoted to propaganda, mass cultural and educational activities of the Department of Plenipotentiary of Soviet Union onrepatriation of Sovietcitizens amongthe Soviet displaced persons duringtheGreat PatrioticWar and after it. The article analyzes the propaganda, mass cultural and educational work of the Administration of the Plenipotentiary of the USSR Council of People’s Commissars, political organs, the administration of collecting-transfer points and collection camps in 1944–1946. Special attention is paid to the identification a

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Ilizarov, Simon S. "A man whom nobody can replace. The 100th anniversary of the birth of a corresponding member of RAS S.R. Mikulinskii." Вестник Российской академии наук 89, no. 11 (2019): 1153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-587389111153-1161.

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The life of the prominent scholar and organizer of science and Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences S.R. Mikulinskii (19191991), who determined strategic directions for the development of the history of science and lay the foundation for the science of science in the 1960s 1980s, was full of tragic turns. In his biography, it is said that his years of schooling were followed by his volunteering for the army during the Great Patriotic War, years of being a prisoner in first Nazi, and then Soviet, camps, followed by years of studies and a meteoric scientific career that abruptly

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Samuilova, Simona. "Bulgarians in the GULAG: The Cases of Political Exiles Nediu Sakov and Petar Marinov." Istoriya-History 30, no. 6 (2022): 571–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.53656/his2022-6-1-bul.

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The article examines Stalin's confrontation with the Bulgarian communist exiles in the USSR by the example of two political émigrés – Nediu Sakov and Petar Marinov, who were arrested during the mass purges in 1936 – 1938 and sentenced to five and three years in labor camps. For reconstruction of the experienced repressions and imprisonment in the Gulag are used published documents from the Bulgarian archives, electronic databases of the victims of political terror in the Soviet Union of the international human rights organization “Memorial”, as well as the unpublished memoirs of the two Bulgar

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Shah, Muhammad Naveed Ul Hasan, Muhammad Irfan Mahsud, and Azadar Ali Hamza. "A brief history of Pakistan–USSR bilateral relations 1947–1991." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2021, no. 01 (2021): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202101statyi24.

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Pakistan, since 1947 remains under the umbrella of US, as a result, relations of Pakistan were not smooth with anti US states including USSR. The US was to increase its role in the region in order to make secure the largest petroleum reserves in the Persian Gulf. Pakistan’s alignment with the western world was mainly to counter possible Indian aggression, not to lessen the Soviet influence in the region, but the approach was more or less thwarting Soviet interests in the region. Over 3 million Afghan refugees had travelled to Pakistan in the 1st year of Soviet intervention in Afghanistan. The

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46

Rogut, Dariusz. "„Kontrrewolucjonista i sabotażysta”. Major dr Franciszek Michał Amałowicz ps. „Tatar” – lekarz, oficer Wojska Polskiego i Armii Krajowej w obozach sowieckich." Przegląd Historyczno-Wojskowy 24, no. 4 (2023): 186–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.32089/wbh.phw.2023.4(286).0007.

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Franciszek Michał Amałowicz „Tatar” (1903–1970) participated in the battles for Lviv in 1918 and then fought in the Polish-Bolshevik war of 1919–1920 and the Third Silesian Uprising. As a Doctor of Medical Science and a major in the Polish Army he saw action during the Polish campaign of 1939. During 1940 Amałowicz served in the Home Army (Armia Krajowa) and from 1942 he commanded the 3rd region „Dęby” of the „Obroża” District (Rembertów). From November 1944, as a victim of Soviet repression he was imprisoned in various camps in Poland and the USSR. He returned to Poland in 1954, where he was

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Rybachok, Iryna. "UKRAINIAN REFUGEE CHILDREN IN WESTERN GERMANY AFTER WORLD WAR II: WAYS OF AFFECTION AND SOCIAL CATEGORIES." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Ostrozʹka akademìâ". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki 1 (December 17, 2020): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-86-96.

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The article is devoted to the phenomenon of Ukrainian refugee children. They lived in displaced persons camps (DP camps) created and functioned for refugees in West Germany during the second half of 1940s – early 1950s. The article is based on archival documents, memoirs, camp periodicals. The author tried to identify the main reasons and ways of getting children to DP camps, such as age, social criteria and health status. Moreover, the author characterized different groups of “little aged displaced persons”. World War II caused significant migration of population from Ukraine and put the fate

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GAVRYLYSHYN, Petro. "BOGDAN HAVRYLISHYN AND CULTURAL LIFE IN THE POST-WAR DI-PI CAMPS ON THE TERRITORY OF GERMANY (1945–1947)." Contemporary era 11 (2023): 264–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/nd.2023-11-264-276.

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This study highlights part of the life of the Ukrainian scientist and well-known philanthropist Bohdan Dmytrovych Gavrylyshyn (1926–2016), related to his stay and participation in cultural life in the DP camps on the territory of Germany after the end of the Second World War. An analysis of scientifi c works devoted to the topic of Ukrainian displaced persons in post-war Europe was carried out. Characteristic features of their daily life in the camps, cultural and religious life, household arrangements, establishment of education for children and youth, etc. are highlighted and described. Base

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Goretskaia, Ekaterina Mikhailovna. "GULAG in the memories of prisoners: gender and chronological aspects of content analysis." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 3 (March 2023): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2023.3.40640.

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The periodization of political repression in the USSR was and remains an urgent issue in the study of the GULAG. According to A.V. Bakunin, when determining the main stages of political repression in the USSR, it is necessary to proceed from the periodization of Soviet totalitarianism, which includes three main stages: the formation (genesis) of totalitarianism (1917–1929), the domination (apogee) of totalitarianism (1929–1953), stagnation and collapse of totalitarianism (1953–1991). After 1991, the mass publication of memoirs of former prisoners of Soviet camps has begun, and it is the memori

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Bakharev, Dmitry. "“The Second Birth” of Soviet Criminology in the Second Half 1950s (Forgotten Names, Events, Facts)." Journal of Russian Law 28, no. 5 (2024): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.61205/s160565900028801-5.

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The resumption of c riminological research in the Soviet Union in the post-Stalinist period is usually dated back to the early 1960s. However, an analysis of archival sources suggests that the Research Department of the General Directorate of Corrective Labour Colonies of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs began to carry out both theoretical developments and field research into the causes of crime much earlier. In 1957—1958, its staff (with the active participation of the department&apos;s senior researcher, Professor E. G. Shirvindt, former organiser and first director of the State Ins

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