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Journal articles on the topic 'The volume of grain'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Alamery, Mohammed Salman, and Samir B. Salman Al-Badri. "Determination the Wheat Weight and Volume: Mathematical Approach." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1213, no. 1 (2023): 012103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1213/1/012103.

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Abstract Grain size and shape are important yield indicators. A hint for reexamining the visual markers of grain weight can be found in the wheat grain width. A digital vernier caliper is used to measure length, width, and thickness. The data consisted of 1296 wheat grains, with measurements for each grain. In this data set, the average weight (We) of the twenty-four grains was measured and recorded. To determine measure of the length (L), width (W), thickness (T), weight (We), and volume(V). These features were manipulated to develop two mathematical models that were passed on to the multiple

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2

Rios, Paulo Rangel, and G. S. Fonseca. "Measuring and Modeling Grain, Grain Boundary and Grain Edge Average Curvature and their Application to Grain Growth." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 2530–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.2530.

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Alongside volume fraction, VV, and area per unit of volume, SV, the integral interface curvature per unit of volume, MV, or the average interface curvature, H, are important microstructural descriptors. For grain growth, the grain boundary curvature is of special importance because, in addition to its geometrical significance, it is also the driving force for boundary migration. Notwithstanding its importance, curvature has been seldom measured and utilized in the analysis of polycrystals. Geometrical models were derived for the average curvature of individual grains, of grain boundaries and o

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3

Wei, Fuan, Jinhui Wang, Ping Li, and Bo Shi. "Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Mg-6Sn-3Al-1Zn Alloy with Bimodal Grain Size Disturbed in the Microstructure Uniformly through Changing the Rolling Temperature." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (December 22, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6635507.

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The mechanical properties of Mg-6Sn-3Al-1Zn alloy were enhanced with bimodal grain size disturbed in the microstructure uniformly; the Mg-6Sn-3Al-1Zn alloys were rolled with 60% thickness reduction at different rolling temperatures. The results have shown that the Mg-6Sn-3Al-1Zn alloys are composed of Mg2Sn phase and α-Mg matrix phase. When the rolling temperature was less than or equal to 400°C, with the rolling temperature increasing, the average size and volume fraction of Mg2Sn phase and the average grain size of small grains remained unchanged, the average grain size of large grains decre

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4

Kruszelnicka, Weronika, Andrzej Marczuk, Robert Kasner, et al. "Mechanical and Processing Properties of Rice Grains." Sustainability 12, no. 2 (2020): 552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020552.

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Strength properties of grains have a significant impact on the energy demand of grinding mills. This paper presents the results of tests of strength and energy needed the for destruction of rice grains. The research aim was to experimentally determine mechanical and processing properties of the rice grains. The research problem was formulated in the form of questions: (1) what force and energy are needed to induce a rupture of rice grain of the Oryza sativa L. of long-grain variety? (2) what is the relationship between grain size and strength parameters and the energy of grinding rice grain of

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5

Rios, Paulo Rangel, Martin E. Glicksman, and Daniel Lewis. "Advances in Grain Growth Theory." Materials Science Forum 715-716 (April 2012): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.715-716.211.

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The theoretical description of grain growth was based for many years on the so-calledspherical model. The spherical model represents a polyhedral grain with N faces and a volume, V ,by a sphere with an equal volume having the equivalent grain radius, R. That model leads to severalinteresting results concerning normal and abnormal grain growth as well as grain size distribution.Nevertheless, representation of grains by spheres entails a fundamental limitation: namely, all topo-logical information of the polyhedral grain is forsaken. The rich variety of grain shapes occurringin three-dimensional

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Procházka, Jaroslav, Petr Ponížil, and Ivan Saxl. "Grain Size Estimation in Anisotropic Materials." Materials Science Forum 567-568 (December 2007): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.567-568.285.

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The estimation of grain size (volume) by using computer database of tessellations is explained and demonstrated. As model material was selected an anisotropic material formed by compression-moulded pellets of PVC. The pellets were first covered with carbon paste to highlight borders of grains in final specimen and then moulded; their volumes were exactly known. Standard profile and intercept counts were carried out on the planar sections of the specimen and used to estimate the grain size by means of computer database. The obtained estimates were then compared with the known pellet characteris

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7

Gil Sevillano, J., I. Aldazabal та J. Aldazabal. "Plastically-Induced Volume Deformation of Nanocrystalline α-Fe with a <110> Columnar Structure". Metals 10, № 12 (2020): 1649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10121649.

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Volume changes accompanying the plastic deformation at 300 K of nanocrystalline samples of α-Fe with a columnar grain structure possessing a ⟨11¯0⟩ random fiber texture has been obtained from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The samples were strained in tension along the common axial direction of the columnar grains. After removal of the elastic volume change, the evolution of plastic volume strain was obtained. Small but non-negligible volume dilations or contractions are observed depending on size (samples of very small grain size show volume contraction). The rate of volume change is hi

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8

Li, Xiaofei, Huanhuan Cheng, Chengcheng Shi, Rui Liu, Ruyue Wang та Chuan Yang. "Achieving Equiaxed Transition and Excellent Mechanical Properties in a Novel Near-β Titanium Alloy by Regulating the Volume Energy Density of Selective Laser Melting". Materials 17, № 11 (2024): 2631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17112631.

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This research investigated the relationship between volume energy density and the microstructure, density, and mechanical properties of the Ti-5Al-5Mo-3V-1Cr-1Fe alloy fabricated via the SLM process. The results indicate that an increase in volume energy density can promote a transition from a columnar to an equiaxed grain structure and suppress the anisotropy of mechanical properties. Specifically, at a volume energy density of 83.33 J/mm3, the average aspect ratio of β grains reached 0.77, accompanied by the formation of numerous nano-precipitated phases. Furthermore, the relative density of

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9

Bărbieru, Ancuța. "Relation of Quantitative Traits in Winter Peas (Pisum sativum L.)." Romanian Agricultural Research 40 (2023): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.59665/rar4019.

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In order to improve the combination of desirable agronomic traits in winter peas, relation between grain yield, seed protein content, thousand grains weight (TGW), earliness, height, winter hardiness and seed dimension has been evaluated at NARDI Fundulea (South Romania) over three years (2017-2019). Image analysis proved to be an useful tool to assess the seed parameters such as diameter, density and volume. Very significant correlations between TGW and winter hardiness (r=0.69), grain volume and grain diameter (r=0.70), were found. The highest values of coefficient of correlation were regist

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10

Kučerová, J. "The effect of sites and years on the technological quality of winter wheat grain." Plant, Soil and Environment 51, No. 3 (2011): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3562-pse.

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The results of three-year trials (1999 to 2001) conducted with six winter wheat varieties in which was investigated the effect of sites, years and varieties on the final grain yield and technological quality showed statistically significant differences (LSD, 95%) among sites in grain yield and these parameters of quality: test volume mass, wet gluten content, sedimentation test, protein content, falling number and flour water absorption capacity. As to the quality, the Žatec site showed itself as generally most suitable, and the Jaroměřice site as the least suitable one. Climate conditions sho

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11

Wang, Jianguo, Dong Liu, Xiao Ding, et al. "Microstructure Heredity of Inconel 718 Nickel-Based Superalloy during Preheating and Following Deformation." Crystals 10, no. 4 (2020): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10040303.

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Preheating and compression tests of Inconel 718 superalloy double cone specimens were carried out to investigate the microstructure heredity during hot working. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the microstructure evolution. The results show that intense microstructure heredity can be found at the temperature 960~990 °C. During the preheating process, δ phase precipitation or grain growth could increase the fraction of high angle grain boundary (HAGBs) and Σ3n bou

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12

Doherty, Roger D., Elizabeth Hoffman, Christopher Hovanec, and Arnaud Lens. "Abnormal Grain Coarsening and Its Possible Relationship with Particle Limited Normal Grain Coarsening." Materials Science Forum 467-470 (October 2004): 843–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.467-470.843.

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The prior literature on abnormal grain coarsening (AGC) at low volume fractions (f) of stable second phase particles in high purity Al alloys is reviewed and reanalyzed in the light of developments in modeling particle inhibition of grain boundary migration. With the usual assumptions (i) of incoherent particles that retain their shape on contact with the grain boundaries and (ii) that all the grain boundaries are equally mobile, it appears impossible to account for process of AGC. Normal grain coarsening (NGC) is shown to be less inhibited by the particles than is AGC. This idea is explored u

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13

Bao, Lei, and Jun Shi. "A Novel Approach to Grain Shape Factor in 3D Hexagonal Cellular Automaton." Crystals 13, no. 3 (2023): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13030544.

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Cellular automata (CA) modeling is a powerful and efficient tool for simulating the dynamic evolution of polycrystalline microstructures in modern materials and metallurgy studies, such as solidification, plastic deformation and recrystallization. We propose a novel model to calculate the shape factor of grains in three-dimensional hexagonal grid (3D-HEX) CA, which overcomes the disadvantages of 3D-HEX CA, such as complex algorithms and a long computation time. The shape factor is a quantitative measure of grain morphology based on the ratio of the surface area of the grain to its volume-equiv

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14

Jadhav, Rachana, and Smita Khodke. "EFFECT OF PUFFING ON PHYSICO- CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CHICKPEA." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 02 (2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem28758.

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The Chickpea or Bengal gram or gram (Cicer arietinum) is an annual legume that belongs to the family Fabaceae. Chickpea is a remarkable legume known for its potent phenolic compounds, which offer strong antioxidant, anti-mutagenic, and anti-genotoxic benefits, It is consumed due to abundance of carbohydrates, proteins, essential amino acids, minerals, and dietary fiber. puffing leads to a higher puffing index, improved crispiness and volume and enhanced texture of Chickpea. For preparation of Puffed Chickpea, grains were preheated at 1500C for 30 sec, the preheated grains were tempered for 7 h

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15

Cazic, I., M. Engstler, J. Zollinger, J. Ghanbaja, M. El Kandaoui, and B. Appolaire. "A 3D characterization of equiaxed grains induced by mediated nucleation in additively manufactured Inconel 718." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1274, no. 1 (2023): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1274/1/012002.

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Abstract In additive manufacturing of Ni-based alloy IN718, what causes Icosahedral Short-Range Order (ISRO) or iQC mediated nucleation of equiaxed grains is still not understood. In order to have a better comprehension of the microstructure formation, a more comprehensive characterization both on grain structure and chemical heterogeneities must be achieved. In this work, a scanning electron microscope equipped with a focused ion beam (FIB) allowed to perform a 3D EDS chemical analysis and EBSD orientation mapping of the volume in an equiaxed grain zone. After the 3D reconstruction of the equ

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16

Li, Han, Suk Bin Lee, and Anthony D. Rollett. "Study of the Effect of Pinning Particles on Grain Size Distributions." Materials Science Forum 753 (March 2013): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.753.361.

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The present paper studies grain growth in the presence of inert particles by performing large-scale simulations using a parallel Monte Carlo Potts model. The effect of the second phase particles on the grain size distribution (GSD) is analyzed. The GSDs diverge markedly from log-normal distribution for normal grain growth case. For the cases with low volume fraction of particles, we find that the grain size distributions approach log-normal as stagnation takes hold. For the cases with a high volume fraction of particles, however, medium-size grains reach the log-normal distribution but both lo

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17

Wimpory, Robert C., Uwe Wasmuth, Joana Rebelo-Kornmeier, and Michael Hofmann. "The Effect of Grain Size on Strain Determination Using a Neutron Diffractometer." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 2405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.2405.

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The determination of strain from neutron diffraction data is normally based upon the fit of a Gaussian function to a Bragg reflection. The error in the fit is assumed to be that based on ‘counting statistics’ and this error propagates through the analyses until the final stress evaluation. This relies on there being a big enough number of diffracting grains/crystallites within the gauge volume to ‘approximate’ to counting statistics. The number of grains however depends on the gauge volume size chosen and the average size of the grains (and hence diffracting grains) within the gauge volume and

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18

Liao Yu-Xuan, Shen Wen-Long, Wu Xue-Zhi, La Yong-Xiao, and Liu Wen-Bo. "Phase-Field Simulation of the Sintering Process of Ceramic Composite Fuel." Acta Physica Sinica 73, no. 21 (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.73.20241112.

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Due to the inadequacy of the existing experimental techniques, it is difficult to observe the microstructure evolution during the sintering process in real time, resulting in a lack of in-depth understanding of the sintering mechanism of two-phase composite fuels. Therefore, it is greatly important to carry out theoretical simulation studies on the sintering process of composite fuels. In this work, a phase-field model of the two-phase sintering process of ceramic composite fuel is established, and the sintering process of UN-U<sub>3</sub>Si<sub>2</sub> composite fuel i

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19

Matocha, Mark A., and Curtis A. Jones. "Effect of Carrier Volume on Grain Sorghum Response to Simulated Drift of Nicosulfuron." Weed Technology 29, no. 4 (2015): 684–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-15-00006.1.

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Research was conducted in 2010 and 2012 to determine the effect of simulated drift of nicosulfuron on growth and yield of grain sorghum. Herbicide rates represented 25, 12.5, and 6.3% of the use rate of nicosulfuron at 52 g ai ha−1. Nicosulfuron was applied in a constant carrier volume of 224 L ha−1where herbicide concentration decreased with reduction in rate, and in carrier volumes of 56, 28, and 14 L ha−1proportional to the 25, 12.5, and 6.3% herbicide rates, respectively. In 2010, grain sorghum injury and yield were greater when nicosulfuron was applied in constant compared to proportional

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20

Liu, Ying Guang, and Jian Qiu Zhou. "Effect of Grain Size Distribution on the Local Mechanical Behavior of Nanocrystalline Materials." Materials Science Forum 682 (March 2011): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.682.153.

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A theoretical model based on self-consistent approximation is proposed to explore the effect of grain size distribution on the local mechanical response of nanocrystalline (nc) materials. The representative volume element (RVE) is composed of grains randomly distributed with a grain size distribution following a log-normal statistical function. The grain interior and grain boundary are taken as an integral object to sustain deformation mechanisms of grain-boundary sliding, grain-boundary diffusion and grain-interior plasticity. Local plastic strains and internal stresses, developing within the

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21

Bazios, Panagiotis, Konstantinos Tserpes, and Spiros Pantelakis. "Computation of elastic moduli of nanocrystalline materials using Voronoi models of representative volume elements." MATEC Web of Conferences 188 (2018): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818802006.

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In the present work, a numerical model is developed to predict the Young’s modulus and shear modulus of nanocrystalline materials using a Finite Element Analysis. The model is based on Representative Volume Elements (RVE) in which the microstructure of the material is described using the Voronoi tessellation algorithm. The use of the Voronoi particles was based on the observation of the morphology of nanocrystalline materials by Scanning Electron and Transmission Electron Microscopy. In each RVE, three-dimensional modelling of the grain and grain boundaries as randomly-shaped sub-volumes is pe

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22

Tian, Song Feng, Hong Jian Yu, Ying Guang Liu, Rong Yuan Ju, Xiao Dong Mi, and Xiu Lei Peng. "A Model for Predicting the Failure Behavior of Bimodal Nanocrystalline Materials." Advanced Materials Research 1081 (December 2014): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1081.132.

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Giving a bimodal grain size distribution in nanocrystalline materials can effectively achieve both high strength and high ductility. Here we propose a theoretical model to study the failure behavior of nc materials with bimodal grain size distribution. The dependence of failure properties on grain size distribution were calculated. Numerical results show the strength and ductility of bimodal nanocrystalline materials are sensitive to grain size and the volume fraction of coarse grains.

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23

Kakandar, Ebiakpo, Gustavo M. Castelluccio, Alejandro Barrios, Olivier Pierron, and Xavier Maeder. "Computational and experimental study of crack initiation in statistical volume elements." MATEC Web of Conferences 300 (2019): 10001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930010001.

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Fatigue crack formation and early growth is significantly influenced by microstructural attributes such as grain size and morphology. Although the crystallographic orientation is a primary indicator for fatigue cracking, the neighbourhood conformed by the first and second neighbour grains strongly affect the fatigue cracking driving force. Hence, two identical grains may result in different fatigue responses due to their interactions with their microstructural ensemble, which determines the fatigue variability. Naturally, macroscopic samples with millions of grains and thousands of competing m

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24

Sun, Lin, Ming-An Chen, and Yun-Lai Deng. "The effect of grain structure on the corrosion resistance of 7050 aluminum alloy." International Journal of Modern Physics B 33, no. 01n03 (2019): 1940011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979219400113.

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Multi-direction isothermal forging of 7050 aluminum alloy at 103s1 strain rate and temperature of 3000C are observed. EBSD is used to characterize the grain structure, and the Vickers hardness and intergranular corrosion (IGC) properties are tested. The results of EBSD indicate that the sub-grains increase and the grain size decreases gradually as the pass of isothermal forging increases. The volume fraction of sub-grain has great effect on the corrosion resistance. The more sub-grains are included in the grain structure, the better the corrosion resistance and the mechanical properties. The g

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25

Cooperdock, Emily H. G., Richard A. Ketcham, and Daniel F. Stockli. "Resolving the effects of 2-D versus 3-D grain measurements on apatite (U–Th) ∕ He age data and reproducibility." Geochronology 1, no. 1 (2019): 17–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gchron-1-17-2019.

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Abstract. (U–Th) ∕ He thermochronometry relies on the accurate and precise quantification of individual grain volume and surface area, which are used to calculate mass, alpha ejection (FT) correction, equivalent sphere radius (ESR), and ultimately isotope concentrations and age. The vast majority of studies use 2-D or 3-D microscope dimension measurements and an idealized grain shape to calculate these parameters, and a long-standing question is how much uncertainty these assumptions contribute to observed intra-sample age dispersion and accuracy. Here we compare the results for volume, surfac

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Hathon, Lori A., Michael T. Myers, and Abhishek Arya. "Pore Volume Compressibility of Unconsolidated Sand Reservoirs: Insights Gained Using Laboratory-Created Sand Pack Analogs." Petrophysics – The SPWLA Journal of Formation Evaluation and Reservoir Description 62, no. 5 (2021): 516–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30632/pjv62n5-2020a6.

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Pore volume compressibility is a fundamental driver of production for unconsolidated sand reservoirs. Prediction of compressibility is desirable when direct measurements on core are not available. Many characteristics of reservoir sands change simultaneously. For this reason, the controls on compressibility are difficult to isolate and interpret. We present the results of compaction experiments using laboratory-created, unconsolidated sands. In these analog sands, we change one textural or mineralogical parameter at a time to investigate the influence of that parameter on the measured compacti

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27

Sergeevichev, Alexander V., Viktoriia A. Sokolova, Ivan I. Kostyukov, Anna Е. Mikhailova, and Sergey A. Voinash. "Abrasive Tools Made of Spherical Corundum in Wood Working." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 5 (October 20, 2022): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2022-5-131-142.

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In the manufacture of hard abrasive tools for sanding wood and wood-based materials, spherical corundum is an effective material. The use of spherical corundum abrasive wheels makes it possible to increase the productivity of wood sanding, as well as to expand the application area of hard abrasive tools by reducing tool loading and eliminating burns of the treated surface. In order to substantiate the rational conditions of application of abrasive wheels made of spherical corundum it is necessary to determine the dependences linking the surface geometric parameters of the wheel, which directly

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Mathison, G. W., B. K. Kerrigan, I. Vlach, R. Hironaka, L. P. Milligan, and R. D. Weisenburger. "Rate of starch degradation, apparent digestibility and rate and efficiency of steer gain as influenced by barley grain volume-weight and processing method." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 71, no. 3 (1991): 867–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas91-102.

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The effects of barley grain volume-weight and processing method on rate of starch degradation, apparent digestibility, metabolizability and rate and efficiency of growth of steers were examined in a series of trials. The organic matter in an all-concentrate diet containing light barley grain (43 kg hL−1) was 2% less (P = 0.03) digestible than organic matter in diets containing heavier barley grains (59, 64 and 66 kg hL−1). No differences (P = 0.19) in methane production due to barley volume-weight were detected. Rates of gain (1.63–1.67 kg d−1, P = 0.90) and dry matter (DM) intakes (9.8–10.2 k

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Ferreira de Oliveira, Gustavo Hugo, Gabriela Pelegrini, Tâmara Rebecca Albuquerque De Oliveira, Maisa Nascimento Carvalho, and Gustavo Vitti Môro. "Path correlation and Bayesian analysis on popping expansion components in popcorn hybrids." Agronomía Colombiana 38, no. 1 (2020): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v38n1.80462.

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Knowing the cause and effect among two or more traits can help to increase the selection accuracy of superior genotypes. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the cause and effect relationship between expansion volume and kernel size in popcorn hybrids using path analysis and Bayesian network. A total of 41 popcorn hybrids were evaluated through a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replicates in the city of Jaboticabal, Brazil. The assessed traits were grain length (GL),grain thickness (GT), grain width (GW), caryopsis roundness index (CRI), mass of 50 grains (MG), and

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Vásquez-Castro, Javier Alberto, Gilberto Casadei de Baptista, Casimiro Dias Gadanha Junior, and Luiz Roberto Pimentel Trevizan. "Effect of spray volume on the moisture of stored corn and wheat grains." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 51, no. 3 (2008): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132008000300003.

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The goal of this work was to evaluate the effect of spray volume on the moisture of the stored grains of the corn and wheat. Two kg of each type of the grain were placed into the plastic bags and sprayed with the theoretical doses of 0, 1, 3, 5, 8, and 10 liters of water / ton of the grain. The grain moisture content was evaluated 24 h after the spray operation by the oven method. The increase in the grain moisture was quadratic and showed the same trend in both the corn and wheat. The grain moisture after spraying 10 L.t-1 showed little increase (0.8 %) as compared to the initial moisture con

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Rudent, Catherine. "Oublier « The grain of the voice » : étudier la voix dans les chansons." Volume !, no. 16 : 2 / 17 : 1 (June 20, 2020): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/volume.7843.

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Yager, Kevin G., and Pawel W. Majewski. "Metrics of graininess: robust quantification of grain count from the non-uniformity of scattering rings." Journal of Applied Crystallography 47, no. 6 (2014): 1855–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576714020822.

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The diffraction rings that arise in X-ray scattering experiments frequently exhibit non-uniformity or `spottiness' as a result of the finite number of grains within the probed volume. This article explores a variety of ways to assess this graininess and shows that scaling relationships can be used to quantitatively relate ring non-uniformity to the number of grains within the scattering volume. The applicability of the method is demonstrated for grain counts from 10 to 107, enabling measurement of the crystalline fraction or of the average grain size from 6 nm to 120 µm. This method enables qu

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Li, Zuo Li, Jun Zhao, Fu Zeng Wang, An Hai Li, and Xian Hua Tian. "Microstructural Effect on Crack Propagation Behavior of Ceramic Tool Materials via Cohesive Zone Modeling." Materials Science Forum 836-837 (January 2016): 462–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.836-837.462.

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A systematic and parametric study of the effect of grain size and volume fraction of secondary phase on crack propagation behavior of Al2O3 based ceramic tool materials was carried out. Two-dimensional centroid V toughness oronoi tessellations were generated with random grain orientations. Cohesive Zone Method (CZM) was utilized to simulate crack propagation behavior. Zero-thickness cohesive elements were embedded on grain boundaries and inside grains. Crack initiation and propagation in ceramic tool materials microstructure were simulated without predefined crack. Simulation results revealed

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Ryabicheva, Lyudmila, and Dmytro Usatyuk. "Modelling of the Dynamic Processes of Structure Formation by Macroscopic Parameters of Plastic Deformation." Materials Science Forum 558-559 (October 2007): 563–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.558-559.563.

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In this paper, the phenomenological approach which connects the recrystallization parameters with thermomechanical characteristics of deformation is implemented to simulation of structural transformations. Two cases were considered, when the growth rate of recrystallized volumes is damping fast, and when a weak growth of recrystallized grains is observed. A pattern of structural states was obtained among the models with fast decrease in growth rate of recrystallized grain and weak grain growth. The abatement of the sensibility to the intensity of grain growth with increasing of strain rate was

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Shepelev, Ivan, Sergey Kryukov, and Natalya Baidakova. "Effect of the Grain Shape on Abrasive Tool Performance." MATEC Web of Conferences 297 (2019): 09004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929709004.

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The results of studying the effect of the grain shape on abrasive disc performance are presented. The grain shape was conveniently divided into two classes: isometric and non-isometric. The results of the microhardness tests, elastic properties tests, and mechanical strength tests of grains various in shape are given. The test results make it clear that grain microhardness slightly decreases as the grain shape changes from isometric to the plate shape. The grain elasticity also decreases. It is demonstrated that variations in the industrial grain volume and weight can be indicative not only of

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Berezin, А. O., Y. A. Speranskaya, and K. V. Prozorov. "Patterns of development of export cargo flows of grain crops from the southern regions of Russia." Vestnik Gosudarstvennogo universiteta morskogo i rechnogo flota imeni admirala S. O. Makarova 16, no. 5 (2024): 690–99. https://doi.org/10.21821/2309-5180-2024-16-5-690-699.

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The topic of the study is to identify patterns of development of export cargo flows of grain crops from the southern regions of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the volumes of grain shipments from the ports of the AzovBlack Sea and Caspian basins separately was carried out. The main consumers and importers of Russian grain are highlighted, as well as the main directions in the transportation of grain cargoes from the southern regions of Russia. Various standard sizes of bags involved in the transportation of this category of goods are considered, as well as the reasons for their use in

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Melekhin, N. V. "A MODEL OF MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTIONUNDER HIGH- STRAIN RATE DEFORMATION OF COPPER." Problems of Strength and Plasticity 85, no. 2 (2023): 178–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32326/1814-9146-2023-85-2-178-188.

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A physical model of high-strain rate deformation of metallic materials has been developed to describe the evolution of microstructure during the process. The model is based on representations of the mechanisms of grain boundary sliding, strain-induced grain growth and dynamic fragmentation of coarse grains developed in the framework of the theory of nonequilibrium grain boundaries. These representations are modified for the description of high-speed flow and supplemented by a model of dynamic recrystallization. It is shown that during high-strain rate deformation of metallic materials, grain b

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Chloupek, O., Z. Both, V. Dostál, et al. "Better bread from vigorous grain?" Czech Journal of Food Sciences 26, No. 6 (2009): 402–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/66/2008-cjfs.

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A high seed vigour is a desired trait in agronomy as it promotes the fast field emergence and homogeneity of harvest, which is necessary for producing quality food raw material. In this work, we studied the effects of the seed vigour on the bread quality. Relationships between the grain vigour, nutrients and anti-nutrients, contents, and bread volume were evaluated using the samples acquired from official variety trials. In the trials, the grain vigour was perceived as the grain ability to germinate in stress conditions, i.e. at 10°C in a solution of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000 at osmotic pr

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Zhang, Yu-Qing, Guo-Zheng Quan, Sheng Lei, Jiang Zhao, and Wei Xiong. "Description of Dynamic Recrystallization Behaviors and Grain Evolution Mechanisms during the Hot Forming Process for SAE 5137H Steel." Materials 15, no. 16 (2022): 5593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15165593.

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Describing the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behaviors and grain evolution mechanisms in the hot forming process contributes to controlling microstructures and enhancing mechanical properties of materials. Here, the isothermal compression experiments for SAE 5137H steel were conducted under temperatures of 1123–1483 K and strain rates of 0.01–10 s−1. The DRX kinetics models, including DRX volume fraction and grain size models, and the meso-scale cellular automaton (CA) models, were established based on the obtained true stress–strain curves and microstructure observation results. In order to

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CHEN, E., Z. WANG, Y. YIN, et al. "Shading after anthesis in wheat influences the amount and relative composition of grain proteins." Journal of Agricultural Science 151, no. 1 (2012): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859612000147.

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SUMMARYThe high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) and glutenin macropolymer (GMP) in wheat grain are important characteristics that affect the quality of wheat products. Light intensity, as one of the environmental factors affecting grain yield and quality, has been studied extensively; however, little is known about its impact on HMW-GS and distribution of GMP granules in wheat grain. In the present study, two strong-gluten winter wheat cultivars with different subunit compositions were used to evaluate the effect of shading at different grain-filling stages on changes in HMW-GS and

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Kaisheva, N. Sh, A. Sh Kaishev, C. N. Gulbyakova, and A. B. Samoryadova. "STUDY OF THE SAFETY OF GRAIN POST-ALCOHOLIC GRAIN." Problems of Biological, Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry 27, no. 4 (2024): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29296/25877313-2024-06-05.

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Introduction. When producing alcohol, only the starch is extracted from the grain; the remainder of the grain containing various biologically active substances (BAS): proteins and amino acids, reducing substances, uronides, flavonoids, lipids, vitamins and provitamins, with added enzymes is called post-alcohol grain grains, its volume is 12-13 times greater than the volume of alcohol and practically not used. To substantiate the prospects for the pharmaceutical use of grains, two areas of processing have been proposed: to obtain total biologically active substances (“Biobardins”) and in-dividu

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Godfrey, Andrew, Yong Bin Zhang, F. Lin, Mark A. Miodownik, and Qing Liu. "Monte Carlo Simulation of Cube-Texture Evolution during Grain Growth of High-Purity Nickel." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 3149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.3149.

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A Monte Carlo Potts model has been used to investigate cube-texture strengthening during grain growth in rolled high-purity Ni-tapes. The initial conditions for the simulations have been taken from electron back-scatter pattern (EBSP) orientation maps of already fully recrystallized samples. Experimentally, grain growth leads to an increase in the cube volume fraction to >95% , accompanied by an approximately ten-fold increase in the grain size. High cube volume fractions can be predicted under a number of conditions, though a small surface energy advantage of just 2% for cube-oriented grai

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Moon, Jaehyun, Gunther Richter, Wilfried Sigle, and Manfred Rühle. "Bridging grain boundary volume to segregation at symmetric grain boundaries." Materials Science and Engineering: A 448, no. 1-2 (2007): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.10.041.

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Sots, S., I. Kustov, А. Lapinska, А. Kotsiuk, and V. Chehlatoniev. "AMARANTH: PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES OF PROCESSING." Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s 2024, no. 2 (2024): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/gpmf.v2024i2.2815.

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Amaranth is one of the ancient, so-called pseudo-cereal crops, the first mentions of it date back more than 8,000 years. Despite the sufficiently high study of amaranth and its wide distribution, according to the volume of its cultivation, it can be classified either as a niche crop or as a special purpose crop. Amaranth can be attributed to small-seeded grain crops, the grain has a rounded lenticular, oval-rounded shape with a diameter of 0.9 to 1.7 mm, the weight of 1000 grains is in the range of 0.6 to 1.1 g. Amaranth grains can be white, red, golden, black, or brown in color, with the whit

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Mao, H., B. Li, and Y. Du. "A comprehensive analysis of three-dimensional normal grain growth of pure iron via multi-phase field simulation." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 57, no. 1 (2021): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb191227007m.

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A three-dimensional (3D) multi-phase field model was established to simulate normal grain growth in pure iron. The advanced visualization technology was used to extract the related data for individual grains, which can clearly display the grain morphology with distinct grain boundary surface as well as the space distribution of neighboring grains?Based on the simulation results, the grain growth kinetics model was described, which is in conformity with Burke and Turnbull?s parabolic law. The phenomenon of a ?Hillert regime? in 3D grain growth and the topological transformation mechanism were i

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Chubenko, V. A., S. G. Saveliev, A. A. Khinotska, T. P. Yarosh, and M. M. Kondratenko. "Influence of deformation degree on grains size and borders between them in metal alloys during cold rolling of sheets." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1254, no. 1 (2023): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1254/1/012006.

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Abstract The internal structure of metal products was investigated and it was identified that it affects quality and workability of equipment parts. Changes that occur in metal products structure during cold treatment by pressure, which lead to changes in physical and mechanical properties of products, have been analyzed. It was established that grains and borders between them, which determine internal structure of metal products, change their shape and size during cold rolling, depending on percentage reduction value. It is offered to consider grain borders as amorphous layer. Methodology has

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Goloborodko, Alexandre, Oleg Sitdikov, Hiromi Miura, and Taku Sakai. "Fine-Grained Structure Formation in 7475 Al Alloy during Hot Multidirectional Forging." Materials Science Forum 512 (April 2006): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.512.79.

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Effect of strain rate on grain refinement was studied in multidirectional forging (MDF) of a coarse-grained 7475 Al alloy at 490oC under strain rates of 3 × 10-4 s-1 and 3 × 10-2 s-1. At a strain rate of 3 × 10-4 s-1, the stress – strain ( σ - ε) behavior shows significant work softening just after yielding and a steady-state flow at higher strains. The structural changes are characterized by development of deformation bands at early stages of deformation, followed by formation of a fine grain structure in high strain in the whole material. The volume fraction of new grains increases with stra

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Liu, Tian Mo, Wei Hui Hu, and Qing Liu. "Research on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Annealed Cold Upsetting AZ31 Magnesium Alloy." Materials Science Forum 610-613 (January 2009): 826–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.610-613.826.

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The microstructures and mechanical properties of cold upsetting magnesium alloys were investigated upon anneal under different conditions. The results show that a large amount of twins were observed in the original grains of cold upsetting AZ31 magnesium alloys. The twins disappeared gradually and recrystal grains formed after anneal. The volume fraction of the recrystal grains increases as the strain of samples rises. Recrystal grain size grows large with the elevated annealing temperature. Recrystal grain size reduces at first and then grows as the annealing time is prolonged. In addition, c

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REED, A. H., R. B. PANDEY, and D. L. LAVOIE. "FRACTAL DIMENSIONALITY OF PORE AND GRAIN VOLUME OF A SILICICLASTIC MARINE SAND." International Journal of Modern Physics C 11, no. 08 (2000): 1555–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183100001358.

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Three-dimensional (3D) spatial distributions of pore and grain volumes were determined from high-resolution computer tomography (CT) images of resin-impregnated marine sands. Using a linear gradient extrapolation method, cubic three-dimensional samples were constructed from two-dimensional CT images. Image porosity (0.37) was found to be consistent with the estimate of porosity by water weight loss technique (0.36). Scaling of the pore volume (Vp) with the linear size (L), V ~ LD provides the fractal dimensionalities of the pore volume (D = 2.74 ± 0.02) and grain volume (D = 2.90 ± 0.02) typic

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Bernini, C. S., B. H. S. Ponce, A. J. P. Nascimento, V. P. Silva, M. A. A. Barelli, and E. Sawazaki. "Effect of agronomic traits in the selection expansion volume in popcorn hybrids." Scientific Electronic Archives 13, no. 11 (2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36560/131120201100.

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The popcorn is a culture profitable for producers of various technological profiles, mainly due to the higher added value of popcorn in comparison with common maize. With the use of phenotypic correlation in breeding programs, the efficiency in selecting certain favorable character can increase or decrease their expression. The objective was to evaluate agronomic traits of hybrids popcorn in the southwest region of Mato Grosso, Brazil, as well as to estimate the phenotypic correlation. The experimental design was randomized blocks with 15 treatments and 3 replications. The following characters

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