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Journal articles on the topic 'The Warta River Basin'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Ilnicki, Piotr, Ryszard Farat, Krzysztof Górecki, and Piotr Lewandowski. "Long-term air temperature and precipitation variability in the Warta River catchment area." Journal of Water and Land Development 27, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jwld-2015-0019.

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Abstract The variability of the mean annual air temperature and precipitation totals in three periods: 1848–2010, 1951–2010 and 1981–2010 was investigated in the large Warta River basin, being the area with lowest rainfall in Poland. For the purposes of research, nine meteorological stations with the longest measurement series were selected. Air temperature increase in this river basin was similar than in neighbouring countries. In the last 30 years this trend kept increasing. The precipitation in the whole studied period was slightly increasing in the northern part of the Warta River basin, but decreasing in the southern part. The mean annual precipitation totals in the catchment area did not change visible. In the period 1981–2010, the precipitation totals show a small increase in the winter and spring and a decrease in summer. A negative influence of this climate change was not visible in the Warta River discharge. The main objectives of this study were the collection long-term records of air temperature and precipitation in the Warta River basin, and the statistical analysis of climate variability.

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2

Weckwerth, Piotr. "Palaeoslopes of Weichselian sand-bed braided rivers in the Toruń Basin (Poland): results of a palaeohydraulic analysis." Geologos 17, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10118-011-0013-6.

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Palaeoslopes of Weichselian sand-bed braided rivers in the Toruń Basin (Poland): results of a palaeohydraulic analysis Palaeoslopes of Weichselian sand-bed braided rivers have been reconstructed for two stages of fluvial development in the Toruń Basin. (1) The palaeoslope of the ‘fossil’ fluvial succession (buried under Weichselian tills) was calculated on the basis of the median grain size and the Shields parameter. The hydraulic gradient thus found is comparable with the hydraulic gradient of the present-day river. (2) The second developmental stage of the Toruń Basin (as a apart of the Noteć-Warta ice-marginal valley) took place after deglaciation. The slopes of river terraces are a few times lower than those calculated on the basis of the Shields parameter. The palaeoslope of the then river was estimated on the basis of a constant interdependency between the braidplain width, the channel geometry and the grain size. The river gradient that was thus calculated is similar to the measured terrace slope. Palaeoslope estimates in valleys similar to those in the Toruń Basin should consider the width of the braidplain.

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3

WIETESKA, Zbigniew, and Anna DOBKOWSKA. "ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF DISCREPANCY OF THE LOCATION OF GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE WATERSHEDS ON THE QUANTITY OF CALCULATED RENEWABLE RESOURCES, EXEMPLIFIED BY THE P-IX BALANCE REGION IN THE WARTA WATER REGION." Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego 471 (October 1, 2018): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.5055.

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The article presents the results of research on the renewal of a hydrogeological system that is characterized by a significant discrepancy of the location of groundwater and surface watersheds. The area of the hydrological and hydrogeological studies is part of the P-IX balance region (Warta River from the Prosna to the Mosiński Canal) located south of the Warta River. The evaluation of groundwater renewability has been made using a hydrological method and mathematical modelling. When using the hydrological method, which is a commonly used control method for water balance calculations, it is assumed that the surface and groundwater watersheds are identical. Comparison of the results of water balance calculations obtained with both methods required the assessment of the compatibility of the groundwater catchment and morphological boundaries. This was done by calculating the difference between the quantities of renewable resources determined by two variants of the hydrological method. In the first (standard) variant, renewable resources were determined based on data from water-gauge and hydrometric profiles closing the catchments of the Warta tributaries draining the analyzed water-management regions. In the second (extended) method, they were determined based on data from water gauges controlling the Warta sub-basin. Enlargement of the balanced unit as far as the boundaries of the Warta basin was consistent with the principle that the reliability of calculations of groundwater resources increases proportionally to the analyzed catchment area and the significance of its drainage zone in the regional groundwater circulation (Toth, 1963). The quantity of renewable resources determined by the standard and extended variants of the hydrological method amounted to 107,100 m3/day and 184,000 m3/day, respectively. The difference is 72% of the value determined using the standard method. The article also provides an analysis of the spatial and temporal variability of the nature of the hydraulic relationship between surface water and groundwater, and the influence of this variability on the reliability of water balance calculations, based on stationary observations of surface water flow.

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4

Pietruczuk, Karol, Krzysztof Dajewski, Anna Garbarczyk, and Krzysztof Szoszkiewicz. "Hydromorphological variability of a large lowland river based on the Hydromorphological Index for Rivers (HIR) basing on the Warta River." Inżynieria Ekologiczna 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12912/23920629/122656.

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5

Żelazna-Wieczorek, Joanna, and Monika Mamińska. "Algoflora and vascular flora of a limestone spring in the Warta river valley." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 75, no. 2 (2011): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2006.016.

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Qualitative analysis of algae, including microhabitats and vascular vegetation in a spring niche, together with basic physical and chemical characteristics is presented. 175 diatom taxa as well as taxa of macroalgae and vascular plants were determined in the spring niche, and the community types were defined. Seasonal variability of diatom communities was observed. The influence of a flood as a catastrophe on the community of diatoms and macroalgae was noticed.

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6

Linnerooth-Bayer, Joanne, Anna Dubel, Jan Sendzimir, and Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler. "Challenges for mainstreaming climate change into EU flood and drought policy: Water retention measures in the Warta River Basin, Poland." Regional Environmental Change 15, no. 6 (September 19, 2014): 1011–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-014-0643-7.

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7

Wilk, Paweł, Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak, and Joanna Gębala. "The river absorption capacity determination as a tool to evaluate state of surface water." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 2 (February 7, 2018): 1033–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1033-2018.

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Abstract. In order to complete a thorough and systematic assessment of water quality, it is useful to measure the absorption capacity of a river. Absorption capacity is understood as a pollution load introduced into river water that will not cause permanent and irreversible changes in the aquatic ecosystem and will not cause a change in the classification of water quality in the river profile. In order to implement the method, the Macromodel DNS/SWAT basin for the Middle Warta pilot (central Poland) was used to simulate nutrient loads. This enabled detailed analysis of water quality in each water body and the assessment of the size of the absorption capacity parameter, which allows the determination of how much pollution can be added to the river without compromising its quality class. Positive values of the calculated absorption capacity parameter mean that it is assumed that the ecosystem is adjusted in such a way that it can eliminate pollution loads through a number of self-purification processes. Negative values indicate that the load limit has been exceeded, and too much pollution has been introduced into the ecosystem for it to be able to deal with through the processes of self-purification. Absorption capacity thus enables the connection of environmental standards of water quality and water quality management plans in order to meet these standards.

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8

Graf, Renata, and Pouya Aghelpour. "Daily River Water Temperature Prediction: A Comparison between Neural Network and Stochastic Techniques." Atmosphere 12, no. 9 (September 7, 2021): 1154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12091154.

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The temperature of river water (TRW) is an important factor in river ecosystem predictions. This study aims to compare two different types of numerical model for predicting daily TRW in the Warta River basin in Poland. The implemented models were of the stochastic type—Autoregressive (AR), Moving Average (MA), Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA)—and the artificial intelligence (AI) type—Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Radial Basis Function (RBF) and Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH). The ANFIS and RBF models had the most fitted outputs and the AR, ARMA and ARIMA patterns were the most accurate ones. The results showed that both of the model types can significantly present suitable predictions. The stochastic models have somewhat less error with respect to both the highest and lowest TRW deciles than the AIs and were found to be better for prediction studies, with the GMDH complex model in some cases reaching Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) = 0.619 °C and Nash-Sutcliff coefficient (NS) = 0.992, while the AR(2) simple linear model with just two inputs was partially able to achieve better results (RMSE = 0.606 °C and NS = 0.994). Due to these promising outcomes, it is suggested that this work be extended to other catchment areas to extend and generalize the results.

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9

Susware, Nilesh K., Jagdish B. Sapkale, Vinaya N. Susware, and Shubham K. Gavhane. "Linkages Between Sinuosity Index and Flood Sustainability: A Study of Morna River (Maharashtra), India." Current World Environment 16, no. 2 (August 30, 2021): 649–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.16.2.28.

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The morphological changes in the river channel over periods that occur due to the flood events, affected the sinuosity index of the river channel. The river characteristic like sinuosity also determines the intensity of flood in a channel. Recent flood losses have increased as a result of variability in rainfall; simultaneously such problems are coming up with sustainable development. The attempted research study has been carried out to evaluate and understand the river channel changes and bank stability of the Morna river in Maharashtra. The research work also identified the pattern/planform of the river. Morna river meets Warna river near the Mangle village. Most of the streams in the upper basin area are non-perennial. The occurrence of floods takes place due to seasonal rainfall. An index of Sinuosity was used to analyze variation in river courses, as well as identify stability and instability. Therefore, this may facilitate predicting probable riverbank erosion sites and also support sustainable flood management planning for these sites during forthcoming flood events. The sinuosity index of the Morna river ranges from 1.09 to 1.44. The sinuosity indexes for the Morna river and tributaries of its sub-basins/watersheds have been calculated using geospatial techniques. The disparities in sinuosity indexes of the Morna basin and sub-watersheds having a good correlation with slope of the river , fluvial processes, water discharge and hydraulic aspects of the river channel. Seasonal potential flood risk for the agricultural land may be found at the confluence of the Warna river and its tributary Morna river when it receives heavy rainfall in upstream.

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10

Krąpiec, Marek, Danuta J. Michczyńska, Adam Michczyński, Natalia Piotrowska, Tomasz Goslar, and Elżbieta Szychowska-Krąpiec. "Late Glacial Atmospheric Radiocarbon Variations Recorded in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Wood from KwiatkÓw, Central Poland." Radiocarbon 60, no. 4 (August 2018): 1029–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2018.71.

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ABSTRACTOur project aimed to construct a Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) chronology for part of the Late Glacial and reconstruct changes in the 14C concentrations during this period. Kwiatków (Kolska Basin, central Poland) proved to be very prospective site, in which wood from the end of Allerød was recognized. A level of organic deposits with so-called fossil forest was encountered within the late-Vistulian terrace of the low valley of the Warta river. Dendrochronological analysis of over 267 samples complying to the requirements of the method allowed, at the present stage of the research, to construct a chronology spanning 265 yr. Fifty-two samples (5 consecutive rings each) were subjected to α-cellulose extraction and 14C measurements. Ninety-six results and the wiggle-matching technique anchor the chronology to the period 13,821–13,561 cal BP (Acomb=141.6%) according to the D_Sequence procedure and the IntCal13 calibration curve or to 13,800–13,540 cal BP according to the wiggle-matching technique using the χ2 test and raw data, i.e. the Heidelberg tree-ring sequence.

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11

Kittel, Piotr. "The alternative interpretation of chronology of flood events in the mid-Warta River valley: Record of Early Holocene alluviation in the Koło Basin (central Poland)." Quaternary International 386 (November 2015): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.03.047.

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12

Dysarz, Tomasz. "Application of Python Scripting Techniques for Control and Automation of HEC-RAS Simulations." Water 10, no. 10 (October 2, 2018): 1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10101382.

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The purpose of the paper was to present selected techniques for the control of river flow and sediment transport computations with the programming language Python. The base software for modeling of river processes was the well-known and widely used HEC-RAS. The concepts were tested on two models created for a single reach of the Warta river located in the central part of Poland. The ideas described were illustrated with three examples. The first was a basic simulation of a steady flow run from the Python script. The second example presented automatic calibration of model roughness coefficients with Nelder-Mead simplex from the SciPy module. In the third example, the sediment transport was controlled by Python script. Sediment samples were accessed and changed in the sediment data file stored in XML format. The results of the sediment simulation were read from HDF5 files. The presented techniques showed good effectiveness of this approach. The paper compared the developed techniques with other, earlier approaches to control of HEC-RAS computations. Possible further developments were also discussed.

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13

Fitrianti, Nur Aini, and Nurul Laili Fadhilah. "Relokasi Permukiman Warga Bantaran Sungai Ciliwung di Provinsi Jakarta." Lentera Hukum 5, no. 2 (July 31, 2018): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/ejlh.v5i2.6788.

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As the population grows rapidly, more and more illegal settlements are built on state land that prohibits shelter, specifically in the Ciliwung River area. The Jakarta Provincial Government has a policy to relocate the residents of Ciliwung River, to ensure that the river and Ciliwung river functions return to normal. The government provides for relocation and the construction of flats, so residents may have increased wellbeing. We explore whether the relocation of Ciliwung River residents is in accordance with Law No. 2 of 2012, on Land Procurement for the Public Interest and Regional Regulation of the Special Capital Province of Jakarta No. 1 of 2012 on Spatial Plans. Normative juridical research concludes that the relocation of the settlement is in accordance with Law No. 2 of 2012 on Land Procurement for the Public Interest and Regional Regulation of the Province of Jakarta Capital Special Region No. 1 of 2012 on Spatial Planning. Keywords: Local Government, Relocation, River Basin Settlements

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14

Bongale, Prof P. G. "GIS Based Multicriteria Decision Analysis of Riverine Flooding: A Case Study of Maharashtra Deluge 2019." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 10, 2021): 379–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36322.

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Riverine flooding is frequent catastrophic event for Indian subcontinent and prevalent in western ghat region. The south-western monsoonal precipitation escalates the situation to detrimental level in the populous regions along the rivers. The previous studies suggest that the settlements in the vicinity of seasonal rivers are mostly affected during heavy precipitation due to unpredicted event and lack of preventive infrastructure along the bank. Such devastation can be reduced with detailed analysis of river basin and flood recurrence trends. Present study focuses on the flood frequency and settlement patterns in the Krishna River basin of Maharashtra state. The region has cotton soil (clay to loamy dark grey soil) cover, which encourages the agricultural practices. The agriculture being major occupation of the state engaged more than 64% population contributing largely in cotton and cereal production of the country. The discrete pattern of rainfall causes flooding at places, which not only distresses the settlement but also adversely affects the rate of soil erosion resulting elimination of the most fertile layer of surface. The study mainly emphases on the Shirindwad, Kurundwad, Rajapur villages of Shirol taluka of Kolhapur district, where Koyna, Warna, Panchaganga, Tarli, Urmodi, Dudhganga and Hiranyakeshi rivers of Krishna River basin overflowed decade’s water level in August 2019 flooding event. The event put an eternal scar to the inhabitants with pile of flood water over their cotton soil. The devastation of the event would be predicted if spatio-temporal analyses of rainfall and settlement pattern have been done. So, the present study aims to evaluate the impacts of future flooding by the analysis of rainfall pattern and demarcation of settlement clusters under threat. This can be done by scrutinizing ancillary data in GIS (geographical information system) environment with the help of temporal satellite data. The GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis can provide result as demarcation of potential flood risk zones and this can be resourceful for disaster management and town planning practices.

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15

Miler, Antoni T. "Variability of the Warta River water discharge in the city of Poznań as influenced by the Jeziorsko reservoir / Zmienność przepływów rzeki Warty w Poznaniu w aspekcie eksploatacji zbiornika Jeziorsko." Archives of Environmental Protection 41, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aep-2015-0030.

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Abstract The data set of the Warta discharges in Poznań (Poland) is one of the largest in the world as the daily observations of river stages have been conducted without interruptions since January, 1st, 1822. The Poznań measurement profile is situated in the 243.6 km and closes the catchment area of approximately 25 thousand square kilometers. The data used as the input in the paper were daily values of the Warta discharges in Poznań in the years 1822-2012. The climate in Poznań, a city situated in the centre of the Wielkopolska (Greater Poland) region, is relatively stable (Miler et al. 2005). Also the Warta River runoff shows considerable stability, especially in terms of mean annual values. Short-term trends are random in character. It was found that the Jeziorsko reservoir (total storage volume of 203 000 000 m3, officially put to use on September, 9th, 1987) significantly reduced daily variability of the flows and reduced peak discharge of the flood wave in the summer of 1997 on the Warta River at Poznań. The calculated periodogram for mean annual discharges of the Warta River in Poznań shows that there are main periodicities of ca. 10 year lengths. The research of the Provincial Inspectorate for Environmental Protection (WIOŚ) in Poznań shows a gradual improvement of water quality in the Warta River in Poznań.

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16

Radziejewski, Maciej, and Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz. "Fractal analysis of flow of the river Warta." Journal of Hydrology 200, no. 1-4 (December 1997): 280–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1694(97)00024-3.

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17

Penczak, T. "Fish production in the Warta River: postimpoundment study." Hydrobiologia 242, no. 2 (September 1992): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00018064.

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18

Januchta-Szostak, Anna, and Agata Karaśkiewicz. "Recreational development in the settlements of the Warta Valley in Wielkopolska." Turyzm/Tourism 28, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.28.1.10.

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Riverside areas have substantial recreational and tourist assets, but their potential in the settlements of Wielkopolska is underused due to difficult access to the river and the poor development of the embankments. The aim of the research is to analyse the functional-spatial structure and the development of River Warta areas in the settlements of Wielkopolska with respect to their usefulness in recreation. Particular attention is paid to accessibility and the location of recreational infrastructure in the Warta Valley. Out of the eleven Wielkopolska settlements which were included, only in four – Konin, Śrem, Poznań and Sieraków – had sections of embankment boulevards been built. In the riverside areas there are few recreational facilities used in connection with the close proximity of the river. However, a great tourist asset of the Warta Valley is the Great Waterway Loop of Wielkopolska, which operates successfully due to the growing number of harbours and marinas in all the settlements included in the study.

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19

Januchta-Szostak, Anna, and Agata Karaśkiewicz. "Recreational Development in the Settlements of the Warta Valley in Wielkopolska." Turyzm 28, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tour-2018-0002.

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Abstract Riverside areas have substantial recreational and tourist assets, but their potential in the settlements of Wielkopolska is underused due to difficult access to the river and the poor development of the embankments. The aim of the research is to analyse the functional-spatial structure and the development of River Warta areas in the settlements of Wielkopolska with respect to their usefulness in recreation. Particular attention is paid to accessibility and the location of recreational infrastructure in the Warta Valley. Out of the eleven Wielkopolska settlements which were included, only in four – Konin, Śrem, Poznań and Sieraków – had sections of embankment boulevards been built. In the riverside areas there are few recreational facilities used in connection with the close proximity of the river. However, a great tourist asset of the Warta Valley is the Great Waterway Loop of Wielkopolska, which operates successfully due to the growing number of harbours and marinas in all the settlements included in the study.

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20

Mądrecka, Beata, and Elżbieta Szeląg-Wasielewska. "Mass development of phytoplankton in the River Warta in Poznań (Poland) in the 21st century." Limnological Review 17, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/limre-2017-0008.

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AbstractThe first studies of phytoplankton of the River Warta in Poznań (Poland) were carried out in the 20thcentury (in 1922–23 and 1950–57). In the growing seasons the dominant groups were diatoms and green algae. Cyanobacteria were noted, but they did not have high abundance. The aim of this work is to present the phytoplankton research conducted on the River Warta in Poznań in the 21stcentury (in 2003, 2009, 2010 and 2016). In all years the dominance of diatoms and green algae in terms of biomass was noted. However, in late summer cyanobacteria biomass was high and this group became dominant or co-dominant. Spring blooms were created by unicellular centric diatoms, e.g.Stephanodiscus minutulusand colonial green algae:Coelastrum microporumorMicractinium pusillum. In summer, bloom-forming taxa were unicellular centric diatoms, colonial diatoms:Aulacoseira granulataorFragilaria crotonensisand cyanobacteria:Aphanizomenon flos-aquaeandWoronichinia naegeliana. The occurrence of taxa typical of dam reservoirs and lakes suggests the influence of the Jeziorsko Reservoir on the phytoplankton of the River Warta, but it does not exclude the impact of tributaries and oxbow lakes. The research conducted in the 20thand 21stcentury show important changes in the taxonomical structure and abundance of phytoplankton.

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21

Kornaś, Marika. "ICE PHENOMENA IN THE WARTA RIVER IN POZNAŃ IN 1961– 2010." Quaestiones Geographicae 33, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2014-0001.

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Abstract The article presents variability of ice phenomena in the Warta River in Poznań based on data recorded in the water gauge station in Poznań - Roch Bridge in 1961-2010. The work aims to characterize and analyze ice phenomena and related hazards. First dates (freeze date), last dates (thaw date) and duration of ice phenomena and particular forms of ice, i.e. frazil ice, border ice, ice cover, ice floes and ice jam, were determined. In case of ice cover, its thickness was also analyzed. In the analyzed period, ice phenomena in the Warta River in Poznań had the maximum duration of 118 days, the earliest date appearance was on November 7 and the last on March 28. The first ice form to appear was frazil ice, the last ice floes and the longest lasting - ice floes. In the entire analyzed period, 15 winter seasons featured ice cover. The longest duration of ice cover was 29 days and its maximum thickness was 8 cm.

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22

Sowinski, Marek, and Anna Neugebauer. "CALIBRATION OF WATER‐QUALITY MODEL “WODA” – CASE STUDY OF THE WARTA RIVER." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 15, no. 2 (June 30, 2007): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2007.9636914.

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The main feature of the proposed model implemented by a computer package WODA, that distinguishes it from other commonly used models like QUALE 2E or WASP5, is a possibility of its automatic calibration i e parameter estimation taking into account simultaneously several sets of measured concentration data. Model WODA, developed by A. Kraszewski and R. Soncini‐Sessa, enables fitting simulated values to measured concentrations of BOD and DO based on the least‐square criterion. This model was applied for parameter estimation of the Warta River in Poland. Measured concentration data used for parameter estimation were obtained from monthly monitoring. The results are presented in the form of BOD and DO lines against measured concentrations along the analysed stretch of the Warta River. Adaptation of the model simulation results to measured data is described by quantifying characteristics. They indicate relatively good adjustment. The reasons of some differences are discussed and explained.

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23

Suasira, I. Wyn, I. Made Tapayasa, I. Made Anom Santoiana, and I. Gusti Lanang Made Parwita. "ANALISIS TEKNIS PENGARUH PENAMBANGAN BATU PADAS TERHADAP KERUSAKAN DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI OOS DI UBUD GIANYAR." Construction and Material Journal 1, no. 1 (March 18, 2019): 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32722/cmj.v1i1.1332.

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Pada jaman dahulu pemakaian material batu padas di Bali pada umumnya terbatas hanya untuk bangunan suci dan untuk keperluan perumahan bangsawan/ keraton. Namun dengan perkembangan jaman seiring dengan berkembang pesatnya sektor kepariwisataan menyebabkan pemakaian batu padas semakin luas penggunaannya baik untuk kantor, sekolah, tempat bisnis maupun untuk akomodasi kepariwisataan. Kondisi ini membawa konsekwensi terhadap meningkatnya permintaan terhadap material batu padas dari waktu ke waktu. Kondisi lain lagi penambangan batu padas yang berlokasi di sepanjang alur daerah aliran sungai Oos diyakini memiliki kwalitas material terbaik di Bali dilihat dari tekstur, warna dan kekuatan materialnya. Permasalahan mulai timbul dimana permintaan batu padas yang meningkat tidak diikuti dengan penyediaan yang memadadi karena persediaan di alam cenderung tetap bahkan mulai berkurang. Kondisi yang ada saat ini menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan penambangan batu padas tersebut telah mulai menimbulkan kerusakan terhadap sungai. Dari penelitian pendahuluan yang dilakukan di Desa Lodtunduh Kecamatan Ubud Kabupaten Gianyar menunjukkan bahwa pengambilan batu padas mulai menunjukkan perubahan yang sangat besar terhadap lingkungan di sekitarnya dilihat dari jumlah material yang diambil, kedalaman penggalian, penurunan kalitas air, kebisingan suara serta berkurangnya kapasitas sungai. Kondisi ini membawa konsekwensi terhadap beberapa hal negatif seperti alur sungai yang mulai mengalami perubahan serta daerah sekitar aliran sungai yang tidak lagi memperhatikan aspek keamanan serta estetika lingkungan. Kwalitas air sungai yang menurun memberi dampak yang tidak bagus terhadap sungai serta terancamnya daerah tebing di sekitar sungai yang berpotensi longsor. Penelitian ini memakai metode deskriftif kwantitatif dan kwalitatif dengan hasil yang diharapkan berupa suatu pola kebijakan penataan Tukad Oos yang komprehensif dan inovatif sehingga kerusakan sungai dapat dicegah. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah adanya suatu pola kebijakan dalam penambangan batu padas di daerah aliran sungai Oos sehingga kerusakan yang lebih besar bias dihindari.Kata Kunci: Sungai Oos, tambang batu padas , kerusakan sungai In ancient times the use of rock material in Bali in general was limited only to the sacred buildings and for the purposes of royal or palace housing. However, the development of the era along with the rapidly growing tourism sector led to the use of stone more widely or offices, schools, business places and for tourism accommodation. This condition brings consequences to the increasing demand for rock material over time. Another condition of stone rock mining located along the flow of the Oos river basin is believed to have the best material quality in Bali in terms of texture, color and material strength. Problems begin to arise where increasing demand for rocks is not accompanied by an adequate supply because the inventories in nature tend to remain even begin to decrease. Current conditions indicate that the rock mining activities have started to cause damage to the river. From preliminary research conducted in Lodtunduh Village, Ubud District, Gianyar Regency shows that rocks taking start to show a very big change to the surrounding environment seen from the amount of material taken, the depth of excavation, the decrease of water calm, the noise and the decrease in river capacity. This condition brings consequences to some negative things such as the flow of the river that began to change as well as the area around the river that no longer pay attention to safety aspects as well as environmental aesthetics. The quality of declining river water gives a bad impact on the river and the threat of cliff areas around the river that have the potential of landslides. This study uses quantitative and qualitative descriptive methods with the expected results in the form of a comprehensive and innovative Tukad settlement policy so that river damage can be prevented. The end result of this research is the existence of a policy pattern in rock mining in the Oos watershed area, so that greater damage can be avoided.Keywords: Oos river, rock mining, river damage

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24

Penczak, T. "Fish production in the Warta River, Poland: a preimpoundment study." Hydrobiologia 237, no. 2 (July 1992): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00016036.

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25

Perz, Adam, Leszek Sobkowiak, and Dariusz Wrzesiński. "Spatial Differentiation of the Maximum River Runoff Synchronicity in the Warta River Catchment, Poland." Water 12, no. 6 (June 23, 2020): 1782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12061782.

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Based on daily flows recorded in the period 1971–2010, the synchronous occurrence of the annual (AMAXq), winter (WMAXq), and summer (SMAXq) maximum specific runoffs in 39 sub-catchments of the Warta River catchment (WRC) in Poland was analyzed. First, trends in the flows were detected using the non-parametric Mann–Kendall (M-K) test. Then, the degree of the synchronous and asynchronous occurrences of the maximum specific runoffs (MAXq) in respective sub-catchments in relation to the Gorzów Wielkopolski gauge closing the WRC was calculated. Finally, the reasons for the detected spatial and temporal differences were discussed. The study revealed a noticeable variability of the analyzed parameters. The highest synchronicity of AMAXq and WMAXq in relation to the closing Gorzów Wielkopolski gauge was revealed in the man-made Kościański and Mosiński canals and in the sub-catchments of the Noteć, Wełna, and lower Prosna rivers. While compared to AMAXq and WMAXq, the summer maxima showed relatively lower degrees of synchronicity, an increase in the synchronous occurrence of SMAXq in the southern part of WRC, and a decrease in its central part were identified. It was concluded that the stronger synchronicity of WMAXq resulted from the nival regime of the investigated rivers. Consequently, the annual maxima were most often associated with the winter half-year. The detected differences of synchronicity of the annual and seasonal runoffs are conditioned by climate, more specifically by the course of winter and resulting from it snow cover thickness, and also the amount and intensity of rainfall in summer.

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26

Gonera, Przemyslaw, and Stefan Kozarski. "River Channel Changes and Rough Paleodischarge Estimates for the Warta River, West-Central Poland." Geografiska Annaler. Series A, Physical Geography 69, no. 1 (1987): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/521374.

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27

Gonera, Przemyslaw, and Stefan Kozarski. "River Channel Changes and Rough Paleodischarge Estimates for the Warta River, West-Central Poland." Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography 69, no. 1 (April 1987): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/04353676.1987.11880204.

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28

Przybyłek, Jan, Krzysztof Dragon, and Piotr Michał Jan Kaczmarek. "Hydrogeological investigations of river bed clogging at a river bank filtration site along the River Warta, Poland." Geologos 23, no. 3 (December 20, 2017): 201–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/logos-2017-0021.

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AbstractRiver bank filtration (RBF) is a system that enriches groundwater resources by induced infiltration of river water to an aquifer. Problematic during operation of RBF systems is the deterioration of infiltration effectiveness caused by river bed clogging. This situation was observed in the Krajkowo well field which supplies fresh water to the city of Poznań (Poland) during and after the long hydrological drought between the years 1989 and 1992. The present note discusses results of specific hydrogeological research which included drilling of a net of boreholes to a depth of 10 m below river bottom (for sediment sampling as well as for hydrogeological measurements), analyses of grain size distribution and relative density studies. The results obtained have allowed the recognition of the origin of the clogging processes, as well as the documentation of the clogged parts of the river bottom designated for unclogging activities.

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29

Kozek, Malwina. "SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF LOW-FLOWS IN THE UPPER WARTA RIVER CATCHMENT." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Formatio Circumiectus 3 (2018): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/asp.fc/2018.17.3.67.

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30

Przybylski, Miroslaw. "Longitudinal pattern in fish assemblages in the upper Warta River, Poland." Archiv für Hydrobiologie 126, no. 4 (April 3, 1993): 499–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/126/1993/499.

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31

Kaczmarek, Piotr M. J. "Hydraulic conductivity changes in river valley sediments caused by river bank filtration – an analysis of specific well capacity." Geologos 23, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/logos-2017-0013.

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Abstract Parameters from archive data of the Kalisz-Lis waterworks, located in the Prosna River valley south of Kalisz, have been analysed. Well barrier discharges groundwater from Quaternary sediments which is mixed with riverbank filtration water. The analysis focused on specific well capacity, a parameter that represents the technical and natural aspects of well life. To exclude any aging factor, an examination of specific well capacity acquired only in the first pumping tests of a new well was performed. The results show that wells drilled between 1961 and 2004 have similar values of specific well capacity and prove that > 40 years discharge has had little influence on hydrodynamic conditions of the aquifer, i.e., clogging has either not occurred or is of low intensity. This implies that, in the total water balance of the Kalisz- Lis well barrier, riverbank filtration water made little contribution. In comparison, a similar analysis of archive data on the Mosina-Krajkowo wells of two generations of well barriers located in the Warta flood plains was performed; this has revealed a different trend. There was a significant drop in specific well capacity from the first pumping test of substitute wells. Thus, long-term groundwater discharge in the Warta valley has had a great impact on the reduction of the hydraulic conductivity of sediments and has worsened hydrodynamic conditions due to clogging of river bed and aquifer, which implies a large contribution of riverbank filtration water in the total water well balance. For both well fields conclusions were corroborated by mathematical modeling; in Kalisz-Lis 16.2% of water comes from riverbank filtration, whereas the percentage for Mosina-Krajkowo is 78.9%.

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32

Jaskuła, Joanna, Mariusz Sojka, Michał Fiedler, and Rafał Wróżyński. "Analysis of Spatial Variability of River Bottom Sediment Pollution with Heavy Metals and Assessment of Potential Ecological Hazard for the Warta River, Poland." Minerals 11, no. 3 (March 21, 2021): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11030327.

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Pollution of river bottom sediments with heavy metals (HMs) has emerged as a main environmental issue related to intensive anthropopressure on the water environment. In this context, the risk of harmful effects of the HMs presence in the bottom sediments of the Warta River, the third longest river in Poland, has been assessed. The concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in the river bottom sediments collected at 24 sample collection stations along the whole river length have been measured and analyzed. Moreover, in the GIS environment, a method predicting variation of HMs concentrations along the whole river length, not at particular sites, has been proposed. Analysis of the Warta River bottom sediment pollution with heavy metals in terms of the indices: the Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), and Metal Pollution Index (MPI), has proved that, in 2016, the pollution was heavier than in 2017. Assessment of the potential toxic effects of HMs accumulated in bottom sediments, made on the basis of Threshold Effect Concentration (TEC), Midpoint Effect Concentration (MEC), and Probable Effect Concentration (PEC) values, and the Toxic Risk Index (TRI), has shown that the ecological hazard in 2017 was much lower. Cluster analysis revealed two main groups of sample collection stations at which bottom sediments showed similar chemical properties. Changes in classification of particular sample collection stations into the two groups analyzed over a period of two subsequent years indicated that the main impact on the concentrations of HMs could have their point sources in urbanized areas and river fluvial process.

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Kozek, Malwina, and Edmund Tomaszewski. "SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDROLOGICAL DROUGHT PROGRESSION IN THE UPPER WARTA RIVER CATCHMENT." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Formatio Circumiectus 3 (2018): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/asp.fc/2018.17.3.77.

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34

Bernaciak, Arnold, Marcin Spychała, Mariusz Korytowski, and Pamela Powolna. "SMALL WATER RETENTION IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PROGRAMS OF WARTA RIVER MUNICIPALITIES." Inżynieria Ekologiczna 44 (2015): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12912/23920629/60036.

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35

Dobosz, Józef. "The Location (And Founding) of a Town of Poznań in Light of the Earliest Documents and Narrative Sources." Studia Historiae Oeconomicae 31, no. 1 (December 1, 2013): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sho-2013-0001.

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Abstract The paper addresses the issue of the origins of the town of Poznań founded in mid-13th century under German law. The birth of the charter town on the left bank of the Warta river is illustrated first and foremost by sources: documents from the mid-13th century, particularly a location charter of 1253, and narrative sources, e.g. The Wielkopolska Chronicle and yearly records written in Wielkopolska. The town was the work of Przemysł I, the duke of Wielkopolska, who sorted out property issues on the left bank of the Warta, made grants and granted privileges, erected his new castle next to the new town, and together with his brother Bolesław issued a location charter in 1253. The duke’s action resulted in the rise of one of the most important urban centers in medieval Poland.

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36

Dzieduszyńska, Danuta, Joanna Petera-Zganiacz, and Marek Krąpiec. "The age of the subfossil trunk horizon in deposits of the Warta River valley (central Poland) based on 14C dating." Geochronometria 38, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 334–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s13386-011-0019-4.

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Abstract The present study focuses on investigations carried out in the Late Vistulian succession of the Warta River deposits (central Poland) in which a horizon of subfossil trees was excavated. Prelim-inary conclusions on time record and past environmental conditions of a forest existence determined from radiocarbon dating, pollen analyses and geological evidence appear promising with view of tree-ring chronologies.

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37

Zwoliński, Zbigniew, Iwona Hildebrandt-Radke, Małgorzata Mazurek, and Mirosław Makohonienko. "Existing and Proposed Urban Geosites Values Resulting from Geodiversity of Poznań City." Quaestiones Geographicae 36, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 125–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/quageo-2017-0031.

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Abstract Poznań, a city in central-western Poland, is located in the lowland region but has no less attractive geomorphological and human history. It was here that Poland was born at the end of the tenth century. The city’s location is connected with the meridian course of the Warta River valley. In contrast, in the northern part of the city, there is a vast area of the frontal moraines of the Poznań Phase of the Weichselian Glaciation. Against the backdrop of the geomorphological development of the city, the article presents the existing geosites, classified as urban geosites. The present geosites include three lapidaries with Scandinavian postglacial erratics, one of them also with stoneware, a fragment of a frontal push moraine and impact craters. Besides, three locations of proposed geosites with rich geomorphological and/or human history were identified. These are as follows: the peat bog located in the northern part of the city, defence ramparts as exhumed anthropogenic forms, and the Warta River valley. The existing and proposed geosites in Poznań were evaluated in three ways. In general, it should be assumed that the proposed new geosites are higher ranked than the current ones.

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38

Anonymous. "River basin administration." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 70, no. 48 (1989): 1515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/89eo00374.

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39

Zduniak, Piotr, and Lechosław Kuczyński. "Breeding Biology of the Hooded CrowCorvus corone cornixin Warta River Valley (W Poland)." Acta Ornithologica 38, no. 2 (December 2003): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3161/068.038.0201.

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40

Szeląg-Wasielewska, Elżbieta, Tomasz Joniak, Michał Michałkiewicz, Tomasz Dysarz, and Beata Mądrecka. "Bacterioplankton of the Warta River in relation to physicochemical parameters and flow rate." Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology 9, no. 2-4 (January 2009): 225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10104-010-0008-x.

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41

Grzelak, Mieczysław, Eliza Gaweł, and Leszek Majchrzak. "Assesment of the Impact of Habitat Conditions and Land Use on the Floristic Diversity of Selected Rush Communities." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 31, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 172–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2021-0012.

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Abstract This study concerned the assessment of the effect of various habitat conditions and land use on the habitat diversity of rush communities classified as Phragmitetea. The investigations were conducted in the years 2015-2019 in an area particularly interesting in terms of its nature value and abundant in localities of diverse plant communities, located in ecological areas of permanent grassland in the river valleys of the Noteć Leniwa and the Noteć Bystra, as well as the interlevee floodplain of the Warta in the area of Rakowo. The study area covered 228 ha. Soil moisture content resulting from the habitat mosaic and intensity of land use had a significant effect on the formation of rush communities, their richness and floristic diversity as well as nature and agricultural value. Most communities of nature value were characterised by a mediocre economic value and low fodder value (FVS ranging from 1.1 to 6.9), while some were barren lands. The calculated floristic diversity index (H’) varied and ranged from 1.9 to 3.5, while the harvested dry matter yields ranged from 2.7 to 16.6 t.ha−1. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of habitat conditions and land use on the formation and diversity of rush communities in the Noteć and the Warta river valleys.

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Walczak, Zbigniew, Zbigniew Sroka, Wojciech Tschuschke, Paweł Stefanek, and Krzysztof Wrzosek. "REDUCTION OF THE WARTA RIVER FLOW CAUSED BY SEEPAGE FROM RIVER BED, DURING ADDITIONAL DISCHARGE FROM JEZIORSKO RESERVOIR." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Formatio Circumiectus 4 (2017): 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/asp.fc/2017.16.4.217.

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43

Sim, Lay, Akio Onishi, Olivier Gervais, and Ngai Chan. "Comparative Research on River Basin Management in the Sagami River Basin (Japan) and the Muda River Basin (Malaysia)." Resources 7, no. 2 (May 24, 2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources7020033.

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44

BRAGA, B. P. F., and J. G. LOTUFO. "Integrated River Basin Plan in Practice: The São Francisco River Basin." International Journal of Water Resources Development 24, no. 1 (January 31, 2008): 37–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900620701722978.

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45

Uzar, Tomasz, Wojciech Andrzejewski, and Jerzy Kozak. "Morphology of the inferior pharyngeal bones of white bream (Blicca bjoerkna) in River Warta." Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia 48, no. 2 (January 4, 2019): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ahe.12422.

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Kaczmarek, Zdzislaw. "Climate Change Impacts on the Water Supply System in the Warta River Catchment, Poland." International Journal of Water Resources Development 12, no. 2 (June 1996): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900629650041939.

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47

Penczak, T. "Food consumption by fish populations in the Warta River, Poland, before and after impoundment." Hydrobiologia 302, no. 1 (March 1995): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00006398.

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48

Ptak, Mariusz, Mariusz Sojka, Tomasz Kałuża, Adam Choiński, and Bogumił Nowak. "Long-term water temperature trends of the Warta River in the years 1960–2009." Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology 19, no. 3 (July 2019): 441–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecohyd.2019.03.007.

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49

Górski, Józef, Krzysztof Dragon, and Piotr Michał Jan Kaczmarek. "Nitrate pollution in the Warta River (Poland) between 1958 and 2016: trends and causes." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 26, no. 3 (August 12, 2017): 2038–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9798-3.

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Petersen-Perlman, Jacob D. "Projecting River Basin Resilience in the Zambezi River Basin through Global Analyses and Basin Realities." Water Resources Management 30, no. 6 (February 10, 2016): 1987–2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-016-1264-3.

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