Relevant bibliographies by topics / The year 1950

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'The year 1950'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "The year 1950"

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Anderson, Amalia, and Alexander Kostinski. "Evolution and Distribution of Record-Breaking High and Low Monthly Mean Temperatures." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 50, no. 9 (2011): 1859–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-10-05025.1.

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AbstractThe ratio of record highs to record lows is examined with respect to extent of time series for monthly mean temperatures within the continental United States for 1900–2006. In counting the number of records that occur in a single year, the authors find a ratio greater than unity in 2006, increasing nearly monotonically as the time series increases in length via a variable first year over 1900–76. For example, in 2006, the ratio of record highs to record lows ≈ 13:1 with 1950 as the first year and ≈ 25:1 with 1900 as the first year; both ratios are an order of magnitude greater than 3σ for stationary simulations. This indicates a warming trend. It is also found that records are more sensitive to trends in time series of monthly averages than in time series of corresponding daily values. When the last year (1920–2006, starting in 1900) is varied, it is found that the ratio of record highs to record lows is strongly correlated with the ensemble mean temperature. Correlation coefficients are 0.76 and 0.82 for 1900–2006 and 1950–2006, respectively; 3σ = 0.3 for pairs of uncorrelated stationary time series. Similar values are found for globally distributed time series: 0.87 and 0.92 for 1900–2006 and 1950–2006, respectively. The ratios evolve differently, however: global ratios increase throughout (1920–2006) whereas continental U.S. ratios decrease from about 1940 to 1970. Last, the geographical and seasonal distributions of trends are considered by summing records over time rather than ensemble. In the continental United States, the greatest excess of record highs occurs in February (≈2:1) and the greatest excess of record lows occurs in October (≈2:3). In addition, ratios are pronounced in certain regions: in February in the Midwest the ratio ≈ 5:2, and in October in the Southeast the ratio ≈ 1:2.
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Kolb, Felix. "My Year with Fuller Albright (1950–1951)." Endocrinologist 9, no. 2 (1999): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019616-199903000-00010.

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Sharpe, Charles McRae. "Comments on “Cancer Mortality near OAK Ridge, Tennessee”." International Journal of Health Services 25, no. 2 (1995): 333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/hdwp-vpun-94t2-vn30.

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A recent article by Joseph Mangano concluded that changes in cancer mortality near Oak Ridge (Anderson County) in Tennessee over a 40-year period (1950–1989) suggest an increase in cancer deaths linked to radiation contamination. These conclusions are not supported by available, representative data. In his analysis, Mangano selected for comparison two three-year periods (1950–1952 and 1987–1989) that are not representative of the entire 40 years. An analysis by decade of the 42-year period from 1950 to 1991, using U.S. mortality rates from the National Center for Health Statistics and Tennessee mortality rates from the NCHS and the Tennessee Health Department, shows that the relation between expected and actual cancer deaths for the white population of Anderson County does not differ from that for the State of Tennessee. In addition, changes in methods of reporting death statistics during the 40-year period invalidate any attempt to compare current cause-specific mortality data (such as cancer deaths) with data from the 1950s. Relevant comparisons that can be made for the period 1970–1991 again show that cancer deaths for whites in Anderson County have been statistically equivalent to the expected rates.
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Junker, C., and C. Liousse. "A global emission inventory of carbonaceous aerosol from historic records of fossil fuel and biofuel consumption for the period 1860–1997." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 5 (2008): 1195–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-1195-2008.

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Abstract. Country by country emission inventories for carbonaceous aerosol for the period 1860 to 1997 have been constructed on the basis of historic fuel production, use and trade data sets published by the United Nation's Statistical Division UNSTAT (1997), Etemad et al. (1991) and Mitchell (1992, 1993, 1995). The inventories use emission factors variable over time, which have been determined according to changes in technological development. The results indicate that the industrialisation period since 1860 was accompanied by a steady increase in black carbon (BC) and primary organic carbon (POC) emissions up to 1910. The calculations show a moderate decrease of carbonaceous aerosol emissions between 1920 and 1930, followed by an increase up to 1990, the year when emissions began to decrease again. Changes in BC and POC emissions prior to the year 1950 are essentially driven by the USA, Germany and the UK. The USSR, China and India become substantial contributors to carbonaceous aerosol emissions after 1950. Emission maps have been generated with a 1°×1° resolution based on the relative population density in each country. They will provide a helpful tool for assessing the effect of carbonaceous aerosol emissions on observed climate changes of the past.
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Junker, C., and C. Liousse. "A global emission inventory of carbonaceous aerosol from historic records of fossil fuel and biofuel consumption for the period 1860–1997." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 6, no. 3 (2006): 4897–927. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-6-4897-2006.

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Abstract. Country by country emission inventories for carbonaceous aerosol for the period 1860 to 1997 have been constructed on the basis of historic fuel production, use and trade data sets published by the United Nation's Statistical Division UNSTAT (1997), Etemad et al. (1991) and Mitchell (1992, 1993, 1995). The inventories use emission factors variable over time, which have been determined according to changes in technological development. The results indicate that the industrialisation period since 1860 was accompanied by a steady increase in black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC) emissions up to 1910. The calculations show a moderate decrease of carbonaceous aerosol emissions between 1920 and 1930, followed by an increase up to 1990, the year when emissions began to decrease again. Changes in BC and OC emissions prior to the year 1950 are essentially driven by the USA, Germany and the UK. The USSR, China and India become substantial contributors to carbonaceous aerosol emissions after 1950. Emission maps have been generated with a 1°×1° resolution based on the relative population density in each country. They will provide a helpful tool for assessing the effect of carbonaceous aerosol emissions on observed climate changes of the past.
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ANGERVALL, G., K. SIGROTH, and G. WELIN. "Lethal Hepatitis in Gothenburg during the 25-year-Period 1920-1950." Acta Medica Scandinavica 147, no. 5-6 (2009): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1954.tb11399.x.

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Sundby, Svein, and Odd Nakken. "Spatial shifts in spawning habitats of Arcto-Norwegian cod related to multidecadal climate oscillations and climate change." ICES Journal of Marine Science 65, no. 6 (2008): 953–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn085.

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Abstract Sundby, S., and Nakken, O. 2008. Spatial shifts in spawning habitats of Arcto-Norwegian cod related to multidecadal climate oscillations and climate change. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 953–962. Arcto-Norwegian cod tend to produce strong year classes in warm years and poor year classes in cold years. This work shows that spawning intensity at various spawning sites along 1500 km of Norwegian coast is also influenced by climate variations. However, while the recruitment response to temperature is immediate and on an interannual time-scale, the response to changes in spawning site is slower, on a multidecadal time-scale. There have been two cold and two warm periods during the 20th century, cold from 1900 to 1920, warm from 1930 to 1950, cold from 1960 to 1970, and warm since the mid-1980s. A time-series for 1900–1976 on cod roe indices along the coast shows that the southernmost spawning areas are more important during cold periods, and the northernmost ones in warm periods, and coincide with high population fecundity. After 1976, qualitative observations show that there have been poor spawning fisheries in the southernmost spawning areas during the present warm period. From 2003, spawning has been observed along the coast of East Finnmark where it did not transpire during the previous 40 years.
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Blahušiaková, Andrea, and Milada Matoušková. "Analysis of floods in the upper course of the Hron River in 1930–2010." Geografie 117, no. 4 (2012): 415–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2012117040415.

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The main focus of this research is concentrated on the flood analyses in the upper course of the Hron River in the period 1930–2010. The study includes an evaluation of the flood seasonality, frequency and extremity in two periods 1930–1991 and 1992–2009. The year 2010 has been added because of a very high amount of precipitation between May–September 2010 which caused extreme flooding. The most extreme flood in the 20th century occurred in October 1974. At the gauging station Banská Bystrica, discharge values reached 560 m3.s−1 which corresponds to the 100-year flood. In the last decade, extreme floods occurred in years 2002 and 2010. The main reason for the flooding was an intense rainfall and local storms with high amount of precipitation. The frequency analysis (in equally long periods 1950–1979 and 1980–2009) proved that there is a higher frequency of floods since 1980 (17 in the period 1950–1979 and 27 between 1980–2009). Higher water levels during floods were reached in the period 1950–1979. The summer floods dominate in both observed periods, but winter floods also occurred very often (7 floods in the period 1950–1979 and 12 in 1980–2009). This is due to the hollow relief of the upper course of the Hron River.
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Rodu, Brad, and Philip Cole. "The Fifty-Year Decline of Cancer in America." Journal of Clinical Oncology 19, no. 1 (2001): 239–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2001.19.1.239.

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PURPOSE: From 1950 to 1990, the overall cancer mortality rate increased steadily in the United States, a trend which ran counter to declining mortality from other major diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of lung cancer on all-cancer mortality over the past 50 years. METHODS: Data from the National Centers for Health Statistics were used to develop mortality rates for all forms of cancer combined, lung cancer, and other-cancer (all-cancer minus lung cancer) from 1950 to 1998. RESULTS: When lung cancer is excluded, mortality from all other forms of cancer combined declined continuously from 1950 to 1998, dropping 25% during this period. The decline in other-cancer mortality was approximately 0.4% annually from 1950 to 1990 but accelerated to 0.9% per year from 1990 to 1996 and to 2.2% per year from 1996 to 1998. CONCLUSION: The long-term decline is likely due primarily to improvements in medical care, including screening, diagnosis, and treatment.
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Moreira, Silves J. C., Pedro Cosme Vieira, and Aurora A. C. Teixeira. "Measuring the stock of human capital in Cape Verde, 1950‐2012." Portuguese Journal of Social Science 18, no. 2 (2019): 229–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/pjss_00007_1.

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Abstract The present study focuses on the estimation of the human capital stock for the Cape Verdean economy in the period 1950‐2012. Adapting the methodology proposed by Barro and Lee, based on past schooling values, we found that between 1950 and 2012 the Cape Verdean working-age population showed a gradual improvement in the levels of schooling, rising from 0.7 years of schooling in the 1950s to 5.4 in late 2012. Thus, in each year, the average years of schooling increased only 0.08 years, meaning that, in net terms and on average, only 7.6 per cent of the working-age population was attending some level of formal education. The availability of a time series of number of average schooling years in Cape Verde opens up possibilities for assessing the impact of human capital on the country's economic development.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "The year 1950"

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Graves, Carole. "The decline of the great white plague: a study of the hundred year decline of tuberculosis in America from 1850-1950." Thesis, Boston University, 2002. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/27658.

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Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses.<br>PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.<br>2031-01-02
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Eckart, Mark S. F. "A study of the explanation of the doctrine of entire sanctification as proclaimed by twenty years of literature in the God's revivalist 1906-1910, 1930-1934, 1956-1960, 1980-1984 /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.

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Nicolas, Julien Pierre. "Atmospheric Change in Antarctica since the 1957-1958 International Geophysical Year." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397747086.

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Mercerhill, Jessica Leigh. "Half-Baby, Half-Man: The Creation of Official Freshman Programming in U.S. Higher Education, 1905-1930." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1510595840759034.

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FILHO, ARISTEO GONCALVES LEITE. "POLICIES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN IN BRAZIL IN THE YEARS 1950/1960." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=12084@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>Esta tese tem como objetivo investigar o lugar da infância e da Educação Infantil nas políticas de educação e saúde elaboradas no período do desenvolvimentismo no Brasil (1950/1960). Trata-se de uma pesquisa histórica que recorre a aportes teóricos e metodológicos da história, sobretudo da história cultural. A partir dos documentos encontrados nos arquivos pesquisados, são tratadas questões atuais da época estudada: a creche como um mal necessário; as iniciativas públicas e privadas que originaram políticas de educação para as crianças pequenas; a educação infantil como direito da mulher trabalhadora; a educação das mães; o papel do Estado nas iniciativas (campanhas, programas e projetos) e a criação de órgãos públicos e propostas destinadas à educação das crianças no Brasil, no período estudado A pesquisa evidencia as tensões existentes nos anos 1950/1960 em relação à criança e a sua educação fora da família: liberação das mães para o trabalho versus o desenvolvimento da criança; educação pré-primária preparatória para o ensino primário versus educação pré- primária com objetivo em si mesma; educação das crianças pequenas como dever do Estado versus dever da família e da sociedade; voluntariado (boa vontade) das pessoas nos programas de assistência e proteção à infância versus formação de educadoras (profissionalismo); educadora mãe versus educadora formada; instituições de educação pré- primária como continuação do lar versus espaço para o desenvolvimento das crianças; a criança como centro do trabalho nas creches e jardins- de-infância versus a educadora, professora ou jardineira como centro do processo educativo.<br>This thesis aims at investigating how infancy and Early Childhood Education fit in Education and Health Policymaking in Brazil, from 1950 to 1960, the so-called period of desenvolvimentismo This historical research explores theoretical and methodological contributions, mainly from cultural history. Based on the examination of records and files of that period of time, some issues are going to be dealt with, such as: the preschool as a necessary evil; public and private initiatives that gave origin to educational policies for small children; Early Childhood Education as working women´s children right, women´s right to education; the role of the State in educational initiatives (campaigns, programs and projects); and the creation of public organs and proposals destined to children´s education in Brazil. This research highlights the existing tensions in the years 1950/1960, as far as children and their education outside home and family are concerned, which are: mother´s access to work versus child´s development; preschool education conceived as a preparatory stage for primary school versus an educational stage with an end in itself; children`s education as a duty of the State versus a duty owed to the family and society; volunteering (benevolent interest) needed in early childhood care and protection programs versus professionalism (educators` formation); the motherly educator versus the professional educator; the preschool institution seen as a substitute for home care versus the space for children´s development; child-centered educational process in preschools and kindergarten versus the idea that the teacher or educator is at the center of this process.<br>Cette thèse a pour objet d´étudier la place de l´enfant et de l´éducation de l´enfant dans les politiques d´éducation et de santé élaborées pendant la période dite du desenvolvimentismo au Brésil (1950-1960). Il s´agit d´une recherche de nature historique qui se fonde sur des théories et des méthodologies propres à l´histoire, surtout celles de l´histoire culturelle. A partir des documents trouvés dans les archives consultées, on a analysé des questions pertinentes à l´époque étudiée : la crèche comme un mal nécessaire ; les initiatives publiques et privées qui sont à l´origine des politiques d´éducation des petits enfants ; l´éducation de l´enfant comme droit de la femme qui travaille ; la formation des mères ; le rôle de l´Etat dans les initiatives (campagnes, programmes et projets) et la création d´organismes publics et de propositions destinées à l´éducation des enfants au Brésil, durant la période étudiée. La recherche met en évidence les tensions existantes dans les années 1950-1960 quant à l´enfant et à son éducation hors de la famille : la libération de la mère pour le travail opposée au développement de l´enfant ; l´école maternelle préparant à l´enseignement primaire opposée à l´école maternelle comme fin en soi ; l´éducation des petits enfants comme devoir de l´Etat opposée au devoir de la famille et de la société ; le volontariat (bénévolat) des personnes dans les programmes d´assistance et de protection de l´enfance opposé à la formation d´éducatrices (professionalisme) ; la mère éducatrice opposée à l´éducatrice diplômée ; les écoles maternelles comme continuation du foyer opposées à un espace propre au développement de l´enfant ; l´enfant comme centre d´intérêt dans les crèches et les jardins d´enfants opposé à l´éducatrice, institutrice ou jardinière comme point de départ du processus éducatif.
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Rocquin, Baudry. "The British sociological tradition in the interwar years (1920-1940)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d07b2e90-95be-41e4-9856-bb65b215b792.

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This thesis argues that there was a strong tradition of British sociological thought that developed in the interwar years (1920-1940) at the LSE but also outside universities under the guise of 'public sociology', 'social surveys' and 'the sociological imagination'. Sociology was seen here specifically as a democratic, reflexive discipline supposed to entail change by individuals and fostered by philanthropy as opposed to the French, academic and ex cathedra approach of collective institutions fostered by the State. It was especially under the heading of 'new anthropology' that Radcliffe-Brown and Malinowski developed their own version of it, and social anthropology is still remembered today as the 'real', most successful school of British sociology, paradoxically. Both strands represent the British sociological tradition at its best and the thesis concludes that despite two different names (Durkheim's sociologie and Malinowski's 'modern anthropology') and contexts (that of a Republic versus that of an Empire), both sciences shared a similar humanistic concern for European modernity and for the preservation of societies. This uncovers the world-enriching specificities of Britain to world sociology (the birth of a public sociology, the tradition of the social survey and the development of the sociological imagination) that only became apparent after WWII. This thesis is thus an original contribution to the field which sheds a brand new light on an old problem thanks to 1) a comparative approach between Britain and France which has never been attempted before 2) taking into account not only the institutional history but also the intellectual history and sociological ideas 3) drawing on previously unused material such as book reviews from the journal l'Ann&eacute;e sociologique and interwar textbooks to study the reception of British sociology in France 4) finding the contours of its specific national tradition 5) extending our knowledge of the discipline in the interwar years.
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Griffin, Kamyle. "The Politics of Religious Black Nationalism: A Chronicle of the Missing Years 1930-1950." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1171.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.<br>Bachelors<br>Sciences<br>Political Science
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Aylett, P. J. "Thirty years of reform : House of Commons Select Committees, 1960-1990." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2016. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/18377.

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This thesis is a study of the development of investigatory select committees of the House of Commons during the twentieth century, with a particular emphasis on the period between 1960 and 1990. Synthesising existing analysis as well as presenting new evidence, it describes the early origins of such committees as an integral part of the work of the House, and then considers the House’s apparent loss of interest in select committees between 1920 and 1960. The thesis next discusses the reasons behind the introduction of new select committees in the mid-1960s, and traces further changes to committees during the 1970s. These developments are set in the political context of the period, and in particular the growth of backbench dissent in both major parties during the 1970s. The thesis then analyses the process by which departmentally-related select committees came to be established in 1979. Finally it assesses the quantitative and qualitative evidence about the activity and impact of the new departmental select committees in their first decade up to 1990, relating them closely to the political environment created by the government of Margaret Thatcher.
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Adamson, Ashley Jayne. "Nutrient intakes (1990 compared with 1980) and place of purchase of foods (1990) by 11 to 12-year old Northumbrian children." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/401.

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There are few data from repeated cross-sectional studies to indicate the changes in dietary intake in the UK, yet this information is valuable in assessing the impact of dietary-related health education. One of the least investigated aspects of food habits in Britain, particularly for children, is food consumption outside the home. This project investigated the change in dietary intake of 11 to 12-year old children 1980 to 1990, and the place of purchase of food in 1990. In 1990, three-hundred and seventy-nine 11 to 12-year old children completed two 3-day dietary records. Each child was interviewed by one dietitian to verify and enlarge upon the information recorded. These children attended the same seven middle schools in south Northumberland as 405 children, of the same age, who had recorded their food intake using the same method in 1980. In addition, the children in 1990 were questioned on the place of purchase of the foods recorded. It was found that: • Energy intake by boys (but not girls) had fallen. The per cent of energy derived from fat and total sugars was unchanged at about 40 and 22 per cent, respectively. In 1990, 17 per cent of energy was derived from non-milk extrinsic sugars. • Calcium intake by girls was unchanged but had fallen in boys. Iron, vitamin C and unavailable carbohydrate intakes had increased for both boys and girls and the nutrient density of the diet improved for these nutrients in all sex and social groups. In 1990, 90 per cent of girls and 56 per cent of boys had iron intakes below the Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI) and 66 per cent of girls and 83 per cent of boys had calcium intakes below the RNI. • A social trend, evident in 1980, persisted in 1990 with children from low social class groups consuming the poorest quality of diet. • Food 'purchased' outside the home contributed approximately 31 per cent of the total energy intake, although there was significant variation in the nutrient quality of the food obtained at each place of purchase. It is concluded that whilst there had been improvements in some aspects of the diet, the mean dietary intake of the children in 1990 fell short of current dietary recommendations, and that social inequalities persisted.
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Hallam, Michael Neil. "Avant-garde realism : James Hanley, Patrick Hamilton and the lost years of the 1940s." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/7573/.

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This thesis examines the dynamic relationship between realism and experimentalism in the 1940s and mid-century fiction of James Hanley and Patrick Hamilton. It is argued that the work of both writers during this period, although it might utilise realist forms and techniques, is not characterised by reversion to a traditional and outmoded model of novel writing that predates modernism, but rather, is engaged in a productive and sometimes tense dialogue with the gestures, manners and experiments of the avant-garde. In so doing, Hanley and Hamilton are read as key exemplars of a varied and adventurous literary moment that has been frequently overlooked within the broad narrative of twentieth century British fiction. It is argued that these works complicate the vocabulary of literary realism by suggesting the novel as a hybrid form: an aesthetic which privileges fidelity to a contemporary ―real‖, especially the conditions of wartime and post-war and the shifting configurations of social and economic relations, even as it simultaneously projects a deep estrangement or satirical detachment from a sense of unified reality. Whilst registering the manifest differences between the two writers, the thesis explores their fiction‘s varying reactions towards and absorption of avant-garde idioms, such as the surrealist and expressionist, and analyses the affective qualities of that ―heightening‖ of language in the construction of their realist narratives. All the novels discussed, in a series of close readings, possess a stylistic or tonal singularity that tangibly frames their narratives, a process of divergence that contests and reconceptualises the concept and aims of literary realism. In historicising this phase of literary change, the thesis draws on the work of various cultural theorists and historians and elaborates the interpretive framework in which the literary 40s and the fiction of Hanley and Hamilton can be recast.
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Books on the topic "The year 1950"

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Schnabel, James F. Policy and direction: the first year. Office of the Chief of Military History, United States Army; [for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off.], 1990.

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Policy and direction: The first year. 4th ed. Center of Military History, United States Army, 1992.

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Chief of Army's Military History Conference (2000 Canberra, A.C.T.). The Korean war 1950-53: A fifty year retrospective : the Chief of Army's Military History Conference, 2000. Army History Unit, 2000.

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Maplesden, D. C. A history of year 1950, Ontario Veterinary College. LomaLand, 2007.

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Pira, Giorgio La. Il sogno profetico del giubileo: Testi e riflessioni per gli anni santi 1925, 1950, 1975. Polistampa, 2001.

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With a Black Platoon in combat: A year in Korea. Texas A&M University Press, 1993.

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That one glorious season: Baseball players with one spectacular year 1950-1961. Peter E. Randall Pub., 2006.

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O'Dell, Thomas D. Life experiences of a fifteen-year-old, boyhood soldier: True-life stories. Xlibris Corporation, 2009.

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Cathay by the Bay: Glimpses of San Francisco's Chinatown in the year 1950. Chinese University Press, 1988.

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The United States Army in the Korean War: The first year, from the invasion to the beginning of negotiations. Red and Black Publishers, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "The year 1950"

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Hübner, K., S. Ivanov, R. Steerenberg, et al. "The Largest Accelerators and Colliders of Their Time." In Particle Physics Reference Library. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34245-6_10.

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AbstractThe Study Group for a GeV-scale Proton Synchrotron was launched in 1952 at CERN. Initially, an up-scaled version of the 3 GeV Cosmotron was considered but soon a new design based on the newly discovered alternating-gradient principle and promising a proton energy of 30 GeV was adopted by the CERN Council in the same year. In order to limit cost the energy was subsequently limited to 25 GeV and the project led by J.B. Adams was approved in 1953. The final parameters were fixed in 1954 and construction started in 1955. The CPS [1] became operational towards the end of 1959 reaching an energy of 28 GeV [2, 3]. It has turned out to be an extremely versatile facility [4] (Table 10.1).
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Kröger, Bernd. "The Erlangen Years: Solid State Physics 1950 - 1960." In Hermann Haken: From the Laser to Synergetics. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11689-1_3.

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Bjelle, A. "Historical Perspective: The Early Years (1930–1960)." In Sjögren’s Syndrome. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-50118-0_1.

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Wayne Ebelhar, M. "Year-to-Year Variation in Nitrogen Response." In Nitrogen Nutrition of Cotton: Practical Issues. American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/1990.nitrogennutritionofcotton.c12.

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Dodds, Klaus, Irina Gan, and Adrian Howkins. "The IPY-3: The International Geophysical Year (1957–1958)." In From Pole to Pole. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12402-0_10.

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Janacek, Leos. ""Last Year and this Year" (1905)." In Janacek and His World, edited by Michael Beckerman. Princeton University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400832095-013.

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Formakov, Arsenii. "1950–1955." In Gulag Letters, edited by Emily D. Johnson. Yale University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300209310.003.0006.

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Formakov was rearrested in 1949 and sent to the Irkutsk region and to Omsk to serve a second ten-year term. Held in special labor camps (osobye lageria), he had much less opportunity to write to his family than in earlier periods. Much of the correspondence that survives from this second term was mailed to Formakov either by his children or by his wife, who, although she divorced Formakov during this period to escape political pressure at work, continued to correspond with him using a variety of aliases. Letters in this chapter detail the response of the Formakov family to a personal tragedy, the death of Formakov’s teenaged son by drowning, and the efforts of Formakov’s wife to make ends meet on a teacher’s salary.
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"1950: An Eventful Year." In Turkey - Anglo-American Security Interests, 1945-1952. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203044629-12.

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Rothstein, William G. "Medical Education, 1900–1950: General Trends and Basic Medical Sciences." In American Medical Schools and the Practice of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195041866.003.0016.

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During the first half of the twentieth century, American medical education underwent drastic changes. Greater costs of operation and the requirements of licensing agencies forced many medical schools to close and most of the others to affiliate with universities. The surviving medical schools were able to raise their admission and graduation requirements, which was also made possible by the rise in the general educational level of the population. The growth of the basic medical sciences led to the development of a new kind of faculty member whose career was confined to the medical school. During the first half of the twentieth century, the educational level of the population rose significantly. The proportion of the 17-year-old population with high school educations increased from 6.3 percent in 1900 to 16.3 percent in 1920, 28.8 percent in 1930, and 49.0 percent in 1940. The number of bachelors’ degrees conferred per 100 persons 23 years old increased from 1.9 in 1900 to 2.6 in 1920, 5.7 in 1930, and 8.1 in 1940. Between 1910 and 1940, the number of college undergraduates more than tripled. Because the number of medical students did not increase, medical schools were able to raise their admission standards. At the same time, many new professions competed with medicine for students. Between 1900 and 1940, dentistry, engineering, chemistry, accounting, and college teaching, among others, grew significantly faster than the traditional professions of medicine, law, and the clergy. Graduate education also became an alternative to professional training. Between 1900 and 1940, the number of masters’ and doctors’ degrees awarded, excluding medicine and other first professional degrees, increased from 1,965 to 30,021, or from 6.7 to 13.9 percent of all degrees awarded. Colleges and universities decentralized their organizational structure to deal with the increasingly technical and specialized content of academic disciplines. They established academic departments that consisted of faculty members who shared a common body of knowledge and taught the same or related courses. Departments were given the responsibility of supervising their faculty members, recruiting new faculty, and operating the department’s academic program. By 1950, departments existed in most of the sciences, social sciences, and humanities.
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"1950: An in-between year." In Global Shanghai, 1850-2010. Routledge, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203380321-11.

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Conference papers on the topic "The year 1950"

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Yan, Y. Eugene, Yonas K. Demissie, Mark S. Wigmosta, Vince C. Tidwell, Carey W. King, and Margaret A. Cook. "Potential Drought Impacts on Electricity Generation in Texas." In ASME 2013 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2013-98318.

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Many power plants in the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) region require a large amount of water for system cooling. To improve the understanding of potential risks of electricity generation curtailment due to drought, an assessment of water availability and its potential impacts on generation during drought was performed. For this impact analysis, we identified three drought scenarios based on historical drought records and projected climate data from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory global climate model, for greenhouse gas emission scenario A2 defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The three drought scenarios are (1) 2011 drought conditions (the worst drought in history), with the current level of water use; (2) a single-year drought (2022) projected for the period of 2020–2030, with the assumed projected water use level for 2030; and (3) a multiple-year drought constructed with climate data for 1950–1957 and water demand projected for 2030. The projected drought scenario in 2022 and the historical droughts in 2011 and 1950–1957 represent two different precipitation patterns in the Texas-Gulf river basin. The hydrologic model constructed for the Texas-Gulf river basin covers most of the ERCOT region. The model incorporates climate and water use data that correspond to three drought scenarios, respectively, to estimate evapotranspiration, water yield from watersheds, stream flow and water storage in reservoirs. Using criteria based on observed (&lt; 50% storage) and predicted (&lt; 55% storage) reservoir data, we identified 15 low-storage reservoirs in 2011, 10 in 2022, and 20 in 1956 (the last year of the multiple-year drought). The power plants that are supported by these reservoirs would be potentially at risk of being derated for thermoelectric cooling because of a lack of water supply. These power plants are located mainly in watersheds near and between Houston and Austin, as well as surrounding Dallas.
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Watson, Alistair, Scott Paton, and Andrew Cowell. "Swan Street Bridge Upgrade – Widening a 70-year old bridge." In IABSE Congress, Christchurch 2021: Resilient technologies for sustainable infrastructure. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/christchurch.2021.0647.

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&lt;p&gt;The Swan Street Bridge is a reinforced concrete five-span arch bridge crossing the Yarra River in Melbourne, Australia. Constructed circa 1950, it provided four lanes of traffic and narrow pedestrian footpaths on both sides. The bridge forms part of a key route for vehicular access into the Central Business District, as well as pedestrian thoroughfare to the sporting and events precinct.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Substantial increases in traffic volumes meant the bridge had become a significant bottleneck and was hazardous for pedestrians. In response to this, a scheme was developed to widen the bridge – providing an additional lane of traffic and four-metre-wide Shared User Paths on both sides – all guided by an overlaying architectural vision created by the winner of a design competition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This paper presents the structural technical solutions adopted for the strengthening and widening, which considered the original structural design, as well as the architectural intent for the widening.&lt;/p&gt;
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Motrevich, Vladimir. "Machine and Tractor Park of State Farms Eastern Siberia in the First Post-War Years (According to Consolidated Annual Reports)." In Irkutsk Historical and Economic Yearbook 2020. Baikal State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/978-5-7253-3017-5.06.

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Changes in the number and structure of the machine and tractor fleet of state farms in Eastern Siberia in the 1946–1950–ies are investigated data on the productivity of tractors and combines and the volume of work performed by them are given. It is shown that in General, by the end of the fourth five–year plan, the state farm machinery and tractor fleet corresponded to its level on the eve of the war.
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Duport, Laurent J. "Georges Candilis (1913-1995) architecte pour le plus grand nombre." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.664.

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Résumé: Né à Bakou en 1913 Georges Candilis est un architecte d’origine grecque qui étudie à l’Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique d’Athènes où il rencontre Le Corbusier en 1933 lors du 4e congrès des CIAM. Arrivé à Paris en 1945 il intègre l’Atelier de Le Corbusier où il travaille exclusivement sur les études et le chantier de l’Unité d’Habitation de Marseille. Après avoir été chargé de représenter Le Corbusier au 7e CIAM à Bergamo en 1949 Candilis va se rendre au Maroc où il va construire des nombreuses opérations en qualité de directeur de l’ATBAT Afrique et de membre du groupe GAMMA. Il va se révéler un des acteurs du Team X assurant le passage des CIAM au Team X dont il organisera 5 réunions entre 1960 et 1977. De retour en France en 1955 Candilis va s’associer avec les architectes Woods et Josic. L’équipe va remporter le concours Million et construire près de 4000 logements à Bagnols sur Cèze, Toulouse et en région parisienne. D’autres concours vont suivre en France et à l’étranger, l’équipe construira ainsi l’université libre de Berlin. Par la suite Candilis assure seul la mission d’architecte en chef de la station de Leucate Barcares (1962-1976) et entre 1970 et 1978 il est chargé de plusieurs projets au Moyen Orient. Parallèlement Candilis est impliqué dans la diffusion de l’architecture dès 1953 comme membre du comité de rédaction de revues et dans l’enseignement en qualité de professeur à partir de 1963. Il s’éteint à Paris le 10 mai 1995. Abstract: Born in Baku in 1913 Georges Candilis is an architect of Greek origin who studied at the Polytechnic School of Athens where he met Le Corbusier in 1933 at the 4th Congress of CIAM. Arrived in Paris in 1945 he joined the Atelier of Le Corbusier where he works exclusively on studies and the site of the Unité d’habitation in Marseilles. After being appointed to represent Le Corbusier at the 7th CIAM in Bergamo in 1949 Candilis will travel to Morocco where he will build many operations as Director of ATBAT Africa and a member of the GAMMA group. It will be one of the actors of Team X and ensure the transition from CIAM to Team X for which he will hold 5 meetings between 1960 and 1977. Back in France in 1955 Candilis will partner with architects Alexis Josic and Shadrach Woods. The team will win the Million competition and build nearly 4,000 housing units in Bagnols sur Cèze, Toulouse and around Paris. Other competitions will follow in France and abroad, the team will thus build the Free University in Berlin. Subsequently Candilis assumes alone the chief architect mission of Leucate Barcares station (1962-1976) and between 1970 and 1978 he was responsible for several projects in the Middle East. In parrallel Candilis is involved in the diffusion of architecture since 1953 as an editorial board member of reviews and in architectural education with a grade of Professor since 1963. He died in Paris on May 10, 1995. Mots-clés: CIAM, Team X, Enseignement, Habitat, Tige, Web. Keywords: CIAM, Team X, Education, Housing, Stem, Web. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.664
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Chiba, Satoshi, Satoshi Chiba, Maki Oyagi, et al. "FIELD SURVEY FOR REFRACTORY ORGANIC MATTER QUANTITY IN THE MARINE SEDIMENT OF ISE BAY AND EVALUATION OF ITS EFFECT ON THE PERSISTENCY OF HYPOXIC WATER GENERATION." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b431690d4b8.

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This study was performed to investigate the effect of the refractory organic matter (ROM) in the marine sediment on the lengthening of the large scale generation of the hypoxic water in Ise Bay. A field survey for collecting core samples of the sediment was conducted in 2015. The analysis with the data of sedimentation rate revealed many important features. A considerable amount of ROM deposited during the period of excess eutrophication in the past was found in the sediment. The total quantity of the degradable ROM (d-ROM) per unit seafloor area was from 71 to 231 mgC/cm2. The mean characteristic time of degradation of d-ROM was about 47 years. A pelagic ecosystem - marine sediment coupled model was employed and the long-term simulation from 1950 was carried out. The simulation results showed the total quantity of d-ROM reaches its maximum at the year around 2000 and there is about a 20 year delay from the peak time of the eutrophication. This feature caused the prolongation of the higher oxygen consumption as well as the higher nutrient release from the sediment in recent years. The increase of the hypoxic water area and the volume in 2010 due to the excess ROM was about 11% and 18%, respectively. These findings show the substantial effect of ROM in the marine sediment on the persistency of water pollution.
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Chiba, Satoshi, Satoshi Chiba, Maki Oyagi, et al. "FIELD SURVEY FOR REFRACTORY ORGANIC MATTER QUANTITY IN THE MARINE SEDIMENT OF ISE BAY AND EVALUATION OF ITS EFFECT ON THE PERSISTENCY OF HYPOXIC WATER GENERATION." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b944a57dc00.06450512.

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This study was performed to investigate the effect of the refractory organic matter (ROM) in the marine sediment on the lengthening of the large scale generation of the hypoxic water in Ise Bay. A field survey for collecting core samples of the sediment was conducted in 2015. The analysis with the data of sedimentation rate revealed many important features. A considerable amount of ROM deposited during the period of excess eutrophication in the past was found in the sediment. The total quantity of the degradable ROM (d-ROM) per unit seafloor area was from 71 to 231 mgC/cm2. The mean characteristic time of degradation of d-ROM was about 47 years. A pelagic ecosystem - marine sediment coupled model was employed and the long-term simulation from 1950 was carried out. The simulation results showed the total quantity of d-ROM reaches its maximum at the year around 2000 and there is about a 20 year delay from the peak time of the eutrophication. This feature caused the prolongation of the higher oxygen consumption as well as the higher nutrient release from the sediment in recent years. The increase of the hypoxic water area and the volume in 2010 due to the excess ROM was about 11% and 18%, respectively. These findings show the substantial effect of ROM in the marine sediment on the persistency of water pollution.
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Campo-Ruiz, Ingrid. "Experimenting with prototypes: architectural research in Sweden after Le Corbusier’s projects." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.893.

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Abstract: Le Corbusier’s architectural production throughout the twentieth century served as a reference for subsequent developments in architecture and urban planning in Sweden. Some of the buildings and urban plans subsequently developed in Sweden and influenced by Le Corbusier’s ideas and projects also impacted on the international architectural scene. This research analyses how the study of Le Corbusier’s works affected projects in Sweden from the 1920s to the 1970s and how they also became an international standard. Le Corbusier’s works provided a kind of prototype, with which Swedish architects experimented in alternative ways. During the 1920s, Le Corbusier’s Pavilion de l’Esprit Nouveau and the Stuttgart Weissenhofsiedlung impressed influential Swedish architect, including Uno Åhrén, Gunnar Asplund and Sven Markelius, who later became proponents of modernism in Sweden. The 1930 Stockholm Exhibition marked a breakthrough for functionalism in Sweden. After 1930, urban plans for Stockholm and its suburbs reflected some of Le Corbusier’s ideas, such as the urban plan by Sven Markelius, and Vällingby’s town centre by Leif Reinius and Sven Backström. After 1950, Léonie Geisendorf , Ralph Erskine, Sigurd Lewerentz and Peter Celsing placed considerable emphasis on rough texture in poured concrete. Lewerentz, who admired the works of Le Corbusier, designed the churches of Markuskyrkan in 1956 and St Peter’s in Klippan in 1966, with a wider international impact. Reyner Banham included several works by Le Corbusier and also Markuskyrkan Church by Lewerentz in his book The New Brutalism: Ethic or Aesthetic? in 1966. Keywords: Sweden, twentieth-century architecture, urban planning, prototype, architectural experiment, functionalism. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.893
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Mameli, Maddalena. "Le Corbusier and the American Modulor." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.984.

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Abstract: The definition of the Modulor as a set of measurements obtained through “universal” rules for composition of the new architecture has a long and complex development, stemming from a combination of studies in architecture, geometry and mathematics, but also from approximation and intuition. The process began in Paris in 1920, was completed in 1946 in New York and its results were published in an autobiographical vein in 1950 in the book entitled Le Modulor completed in 1955 by the book Le Modulor II. In his trip to New York in 1946 as French delegate for the project of the United Nations’ headquarters, his urgency to define the Modulor responded to an immediate need: to create a simple tool and a compositional principle to be applied to the United States’ building programme and to UN reconstruction and recovery programs. Unfortunately Le Corbusier did not manage to find a patron in America. He was unable to apply the Modulor in the USA. Not so in Europe, where work started on building the Unités d’habitation in Marseilles. Resumen: La definición del Modulor como un conjunto de medidas obtenidas a través de reglas "universales" para la composición de la nueva arquitectura tiene un largo y complejo desarrollo, derivada de una combinación de estudios de arquitectura, geometría y matemáticas, sino también de aproximación y intuición. El proceso comenzó en París en 1920, se completó en 1946 en Nueva York y sus resultados se publicaron en el libro titulado Le Modulor completado en 1955 por el libro Le Modulor II. En su viaje a Nueva York en 1946 como delegado francés para el proyecto de la sede para las Naciones Unidas, la urgencia de definir el Modulor respondió a una necesidad inmediata: para crear una instrumento fàcil y un principio compositivo que se aplicará al programa de construcción de los Estados Unidos y para los programas de reconstrucción de la ONU. Desafortunadamente Le Corbusier no encontró un patrón en América. No fue capaz de aplicar el Modulor en los EE.UU.. No es así en Europa, donde comenzó a trabajar en la construcción de la Unités d'habitation de Marsella. Keywords: New York; UN Headquarter; Modulor; USA. Palabras clave: New York; Naciones Unidas; Modulor; USA. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.984
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Kunze, Jay F., and Gary M. Sandquist. "Low-Level Health Effects of Radiation: Nuclear Engineering Obligations." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-31106.

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It has been more than 30 years since the publication of data on health effects of low level began to appear in the scientific literature. Now, this extensive data bank clearly shows that the long-taught and utilized “Linear No-Threshold” (LNT) hypothesis is invalid and misleading at levels below 0.2 Sv (20 REM) per year. Below these levels, health and longevity are actually improved. Yet the imbedded and pervasive fear of low levels of radiation has resulted in planned and implemented nuclear plant shutdowns and eventual decommissioning, and has even affected the medical community regarding inappropriate concerns about dangers to patients receiving CT diagnostic imaging. These trends are now so serious and consequential to the future of nuclear energy and nuclear applications, that it is time for the nuclear engineering community to take an active role to dismiss the LNT hypothesis as incorrect and completely misleading with regard to low levels of radiation exposures to the public and to nuclear personnel. The ALARA concept and regulatory burden needs to be abandoned, and the realistic nuclear personnel exposure limits of the 1950 era should be re-adopted, and even increased.
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Maino Ansaldo, Sandro. "Le Corbusier, el punto de partida de Juan Borchers." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.631.

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Resumen: La figura de Le Corbusier ejerció una influencia sin contrapeso en la arquitectura moderna chilena, caracterizada salvo excepciones, por una adopción superficial y figurativa de sus ideas y formas. Entre estas excepciones está el singular caso del arquitecto Juan Borchers Fernández (1910-75) quien mediante sus agudas observaciones y lúcida crítica expone su adhesión mientras al mismo tiempo desmonta las contradicciones, los errores de interpretación y las falencias de las tesis lecorbuserianas. Para el análisis se utilizaron dos libros fundamentales (Vers une Architecture, 1923; Le Modulor, 1950) y dos artículos (L’angle droit, 1923; L’espace indicible, 1946) de Le Corbusier y las referencias a ellos en los libros, artículos, manuscritos, correspondencia y libretas de viajes de Borchers. Abstract: Corbusier’s influence in Chilean modern architecture is unique and it is characterized, with few exceptions, by superficial and figurative adoptions of his ideas and forms. Among these exceptions is the singular case of the architect Juan Borchers Fernández (1910-1975), whose acute observations and lucid review expose his adherence while at the same time they reveal the contradictions, misinterpretations and shortcomings about corbuserian’s thesis. This analysis is based on two fundamental original books (Vers une Architecture, 1923; Le Modulor, 1950) and two articles (L’angle droit, 1923; L’espace indicible, 1946) by Le Corbusier and references to them in Borchers’ books, articles, manuscripts, correspondence and travel journals. Palabras clave: Chile, teoría de la arquitectura, plástica, escala. Keywords: Chile, Architectural theory, plastic, scale. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.631
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Reports on the topic "The year 1950"

1

Jacobsen, Mark. Fifty Years of Research and Development on Point Loma, 1940-1990,. Defense Technical Information Center, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada297575.

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Woodward, Theodore E. The Armed Forces Epidemiological Board: Its First Fifty Years, 1940-1990. Defense Technical Information Center, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada224206.

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Thomas, Müller. The 1946 - 1956 Hydrographic Data Archive at the Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, digitized: a data guide. GEOMAR, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/geomar_rep_ns_58_2021.

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This report is thought as a guide to early hydrographic log sheets of bottle data obtained by the former Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel (IFMK, now integrated into GEOMAR) in the post-war years 1946 to 1956, and which in summer 2018 when a building used by GEOMAR was to clear were not available in digitized format at GEOMAR. The data mostly were taken by the research cutter FK “Südfall” in the Baltic. It turned out that some of these data from 1950 to 1956 were available in digitized form at the on-line data bank of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). Comparison with the original logged data sheets, however, showed that they needed to be improved w/r to time and position and to be completed by missing data. This report shortly describes the methods of sampling and measuring these old data, and the processing steps applied to improve the data set by using the data log sheets before archiving and submitting the now improved and complete data set to data centres for archiving.
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Kelly, J. F., M. Ikura, P. Rahimi, D. Liu, and H. Seoud. Coprocessing consortium - year 2 project descriptions fiscal year 1990-91. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304504.

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Beck, Robert F. End-of-Fiscal Year (1990) Report. Defense Technical Information Center, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada250985.

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Schydlower, Manuel. Annual Progress Report Fiscal Year 1990. Defense Technical Information Center, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada234672.

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Striessnig, Erich, Claudia Reiter, and Anna Dimitrova. Global improvements in Years of Good Life since 1950. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2021.res1.2.

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Human well-being at the national aggregate level is typically measured by GDP per capita, life expectancy or a composite index such as the HDI. A more recent alternative is the Years of Good Life (YoGL) indicator presented by Lutz et al. (2018; 2021). YoGL represents a refinement of life expectancy in which only those person-years in a life table are counted that are spent free from material (1), physical (2) or cognitive limitations (3), while being subjectively perceived as satisfying (4). In this article, we present the reconstruction of YoGL to 1950 for 140 countries. Since life expectancy – as reported by the UN World Population Prospects in fiveyearly steps – forms the basis of our reconstruction, the presented dataset is also available on a five-yearly basis. In addition, like life expectancy, YoGL can be flexibly calculated for different sub-populations. Hence, we present separate YoGL estimates for women and men. Due to a lack of data, only the material dimension can be reconstructed based directly on empirical inputs since 1950. The remaining dimensions are modelled based on information from the more recent past.
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Bisping, L. E., and R. K. Woodruff. Hanford Site Environmental data for Calendar Year 1990. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5489858.

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Author, Not Given. Energy Materials Coordinating Committee (EMaCC), Fiscal year 1990. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1282116.

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Woodruff, R., R. Hanf, M. Hefty, and R. Lundgren. Hanford Site environmental report for calendar year 1990. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5691892.

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