Academic literature on the topic 'Theatre Guild'

Recent performances of George Gershwin's opera Porgy and Bess have been based on the uncut score as published by the Gershwin Publishing Corporation, on the assumption that the composer intended it to be played in this "complete" form. Gershwin sent his score to the publisher some months before the New York premiere, mounted by the Theatre Guild on 10 October 1935 after a tryout performance in Boston. Extensive cuts and other changes were made during rehearsals and after Boston, all initiated or approved by Gershwin, who was intimately involved in the production; none of this is reflected in the published score, which was never revised. Five scores used in the Theatre Guild production enable us to reconstruct the opera as it was staged for the first time, in the form in which the composer "intended it to be played" on this occasion, and it is argued that consideration should be given to performing it this way today.

When Harold Clurman died in 1980, he was almost as old as the century, but still in harness – perhaps the most venerable as well as the most versatile polymath of the American theatre. His life in the theatre extended from acting with the Theatre Guild in the ‘twenties, through his creation and direction of the Group Theatre in the ‘thirties, to a distinguished post-war career as free-lance director, highly respected theatre critic – first for the New Republic, then since 1953 for The Nation – and also theatre historian and university teacher. It was in this last role that, as a student, Joanna Rotté met Harold Clurman in 1969, and in the article which follows she blends personal recollections of an enduring friendship with a wider-ranging assessment of the qualities that distinguished Clurman as a critic and a human being. Joanna Rotté presently chairs the Theatre Department at Villanova University, Pennsylvania.

Carroll Aikins founded the Home Theatre in Naramata on Lake Okanagan in British Columbia in November 1920. Having just had his play The God of Gods produced at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre in England, Aikins, adhering to the 'Art Theatre' principles of Gordon Craig and Maurice Browne, began the Canadian Players, a training company intended to mount and tour indigenous drama on a national scale. Recruiting instructors from the Neighborhood Playhouse in New York, he commenced work in his theatre building which was designed in collaboration with Lee Simonson of the Theatre Guild. The company produced a regular season of new works by such authors as Synge, Gilbert Murray, and Anatol France. When the venture closed, Aikins went on to direct for several seasons at Hart House Theatre in Toronto in the late 1920s. This paper includes a brief biography of Aikins, a survey of the Canadian Players, a discussion of Aikins' ideals, as well as a consideration of the practical problems and eventual closure. There is also a chronological listing of the plays produced by the Home Theatre.

Roy Williams is one of the outstanding new voices in contemporary British theatre. Born in Fulham, south-west London, in 1968, he has already, by his mid-thirties, won a shelf-full of awards, with plays staged at the National Theatre and Royal Court. His debut, The No Boys Cricket Club, won the Writers' Guild New Writer of the Year award in 1996. Two years later, his follow-up, Starstruck, won three major awards: the John Whiting Award for Best New Play, an EMMA (Ethnic Multicultural Media Awards) for Best Play, and the first Alfred Fagon Award, for theatre in English by writers with Caribbean connections. In 2000, Lift Off was joint winner of the George Devine Award, and in 2001 Clubland received the Evening Standard Award for Most Promising Playwright. In 2002, Williams received a best school drama BAFTA (British Academy of Film and Television Arts) for Offside (BBC), and in 2004 he won the first Arts Council Decibel Award, given to black or Asian artists in recognition of their contribution to the arts. His most recent play, Little Sweet Thing, was a 2005 co-production between Ipswich’s New Wolsey Theatre, Nottingham Playhouse, and Birmingham Rep. What follows is an edited transcript of Aleks Sierz’s ‘In Conversation with Roy Williams’, part of the ‘Other Voices’ symposium at Rose Bruford College, Sidcup, Kent, in May 2004, organized by Nesta Jones. Williams is a graduate and now a Fellow of the college.

A variety of demands have to be considered in the design of a new opera house in Galärvarvet. All possible viewpoints are important to be aware of, as is the need for the new building to be a contrast to the already existing opera house in Stockholm. The restricted site also makes a multitude of demands on the building's design. By rationalizing the layout and structure and also by making the footprint smaller, the complex building of over 30 000 square meters can be fitted and blended into the existing physical context. Unlike the existing opera house in Stockholm, the new opera house shows the rationality and the advanced technology that lies behind the scenes and becomes the character of the entire building. Through the dynamic façade, the new opera can convey any character it so desires, just like scenes do through different settings. The result is that the new opera house helps present the magic of any opera performance of any era or artistic content.<br>En ny operabyggnad i Galärvarvet ställer en rad olika krav på byggnaden. Den måste inte bara kunna betraktas från många olika vinklar och avstånd, utan också stå i kontrast till den redan befintliga operabyggnaden i Stockholm. Den trånga tomten ställer också en rad olika krav på byggnadens utformning. Genom att rationalisera planlösningen, strukturen och våga bygga på höjden kan det komplexa projektet på över 30 000 kvm få plats på tomten och smälter skalmässigt in i miljön. Till skillnad från den befintliga operan i Stockholm, knyter den nya Galäroperan an till rationaliteten och den avancerade tekniken som döljer sig bakom scenerna och görs här synlig för besökarna. Genom den smarta fasaden kan Galäroperan inta vilken karaktär den så önskar, på samma sätt som scenen ändrar karaktär genom scenografi. Galäroperan blir på så sätt spännande att betrakta från olika perspektiv och den dynamiska fasaden hjälper till att föra fram operans magi.

The thesis deals with the celection of suitable legal form for amateur theater group. The number of types of organizations, which are evaluated, is after the change of Civil Code quite huge and comprise besides non-profit organizations also border and mixed organizations. The main aim of thesis is to select the legal form, which is because of their characteristics the best for small amateur theater group and then set up an accountig system, which could the organization use. The amateur theater group is part of the Cultural department of the city, funded organization now. The main method is comparsion. Individually legal forms are compared according to valid laws and membership requirements, which is assigned a score. The sub-goals are creation of the code of rules and then set the accounting and taxes system.

Fundada no dia 15 de Novembro de 1961, a Art Theatre Guild (ATG) japonesa começou por ser apenas uma distribuidora de filmes estrangeiros. O primeiro objectivo da companhia, composta por críticos influentes e pessoas ligadas ao cinema, era apresentar, pela primeira vez, um conjunto de cinematografias mundiais, comummente apelidadas de art-house, ao público japonês. Numa indústria ainda dominada pelos grandes estúdios de cinema e onde a distribuição das produções nacionais excedia mais do dobro das estrangeiras, a vinda desses filmes para salas selectas e a propagação dessa(s) refrescante(s) “estética(s) cinematográfica(s)” foi decisiva para o público e os cineastas japoneses conhecerem as obras contemporâneas de Jean Luc-Godard, Ingmar Bergman, Michelangelo Antonioni, Federico Fellini, Alain Resnais, Luis Buñuel mas também redescobrir Orson Welles ou até mesmo Sergei Eisenstein. A Nûberu Bâgu ou “A Nova Vaga do Cinema Japonês”, tendo sido cimentada pelos estúdios japoneses durante os primeiros anos da década de 60, via-se impossibilitada em continuar a filmar nesse contexto de produção, avesso ao arrojo estético e político, cada vez mais assinalável, das suas propostas. Por outro lado, uma nova geração de cineastas, vinda da cena emergente do documentário, sentia a necessidade de se exprimir fora dos formatos e condições que outro tipo de indústria, a dos filmes promocionais, lhe oferecia. Esta tensão entre criadores e produtores, assim como o subsequente ansejo de uma liberdade criativa sem barreiras e mediadores, foi o pano de fundo essencial para o ATG abrir a sua actividade enquanto produtora independente em 1967. Quer pelas inovadoras técnicas de produção, quer pela inventividade formal, carga política e o contexto social em que as obras foram produzidas, qualquer coisa de revolucionário tinha chegado ao cinema japonês. De 1967 a 1972, o catálogo das obras produzidas pelo ATG não era somente um amontoado de propostas sem ligação, realizadas por cineastas não alinhados (por exemplo, Ôshima Nagisa, Yoshida Kijû, Shinoda Masahiro, Matsumoto Toshio, Hani Susumu, Terayama Shûji, etc.), mas um conjunto complexo de obras que preconizava uma certa unidade estética, que, ainda v assim, não encontrava quaisquer ecos com a padronização dos grandes estúdios. A este estado de coisas tão sui-generis, porém nunca conceptualizado como tal pelos seus intervenientes mais directos, chamaremos de movimento. Esta dissertação concentrar-se-á em capturar a consistência e a pertinência deste baptismo, ao mesmo tempo que trará a terreiro um par de conceitos capaz de homogeneizar aquilo que, à primeira vista, parece heterogéneo. A partir da metáfora do músculo cardíaco que necessita de se contrair (sístole) e relaxar (diástole) para manter a circulação sanguínea de um organismo, também o movimento livre dos cineastas da ATG necessitou de explorar duas opções estéticas para construir um novo tipo de cinema: a primeira (sístole) caracteriza-se pelo enclausuramento da câmara no estúdio, a segunda (diástole) pela sua libertação nas ruas. Definirei as implicações espaciais e temporais do filme sistólico e diastólico, pondo igualmente em evidência o papel cimeiro da ATG na História do Cinema Japonês, como sendo, mais do que uma produtora, um modo de fazer cinema<br>Founded on the 15th of November 1961, the Art Theatre Guild (ATG) of Japan was originally a distributor of foreign films. The initial objective of the company, composed of influential critics and people with connections to the film world, was to introduce a group of international art-house films to the Japanese public for the first time. In an industry still dominated by the major studios and where the distribution of national productions was more than double that of foreign films, these screenings were significant for Japanese audiences and filmmakers alike, who were exposed to contemporary works from directors such as Jean Luc-Godard, Ingmar Bergman, Michelangelo Antonioni, Federico Fellini, Alain Resnais, and Luis Buñuel, and also provided an opportunity to discover the works of Orson Welles and Sergei Eisenstein. The "New Wave" of Japanese cinema was established by the main Japanese studios during the early sixties, but was unable to continue in that context due to the growing aesthetic and political radicalism of its participants. At the same time, a new generation of filmmakers from the emerging documentary scene felt the need to express themselves outside the conditions that the promotional film industry demanded. This tension between creators and producers, as well as the subsequent desire for creative freedom without barriers or mediators, was the catalyst for the ATG to begin activity as an independent production company in 1967. ATG's innovative production techniques and formal inventiveness paired with the social and political context of the films themselves was proof that something truly revolutionary had arrived in Japanese cinema. From 1967 to 1972, their catalogue was not simply a jumble of unrelated works made by unaffiliated filmmakers (eg Ôshima Nagisa, Yoshida Kijû, Shinoda Masahiro, Matsumoto Toshio, Hani Susumu, and Terayama Shûji), but a complex set of films with a certain aesthetic cohesion, a cohesion that was unlike the standardized style of the studios' "program pictures". We will refer to this unique scenario as a movement, though none of the filmmakers explicitly claimed to belong to one. This dissertation will focus on capturing the consistency and relevance of this movement, while introducing concepts that unify seemingly dissimilar elements. Like a heart muscle which must contract (systole) and relax (diastole) in order to maintain the circulation of blood in an organism, the free movement of the ATG filmmakers used two methods to construct a new form of cinema. The first (systole) is characterized by the enclosure of the camera in the studio space, while the second (diastole) is defined by the release of the camera into the streets. By defining the spatial and temporal implications of the systolic and diastolic style in ATG films, I will highlight the important role of the company and how it changed Japanese cinema. I will also argue that, more than a production company, the japanese ATG encompassed a mode of filmmaking.

<p>The moral and ethical choices made during the Nazi Occupation of France would echo for generations: they served as a source of pain and pride when the French sought to rebuild their national identity after the ignominy of the defeat, and acted as the foundation for the intellectual legacy on which post-war life stands.</p><p>In my dissertation I examine the diverse trajectory of two writers, Jean-Paul Sartre and Jean Giraudoux, during the Occupation by focusing on their dramatic works. During this period, no writer could legally exercise his vocation and receive compensation without submitting to certain legalities designed to monitor the content of artistic output. Therefore, any author who published did, at least in some small way, collaborate. This particular line in the sand has become blurred with time and usage. Critics and intellectuals, not to mention the legal system, have initially categorized artists' politics, then, when the boundaries (or public opinion) have shifted, they have chosen to reclassify. Collaborationist, resistant, or neutral - these three convenient labels cannot do justice to the vast array of colors in the Occupation-era landscape. </p><p>Writers, like the public at large, responded to the Occupation by becoming extreme collaborators, opportunists, simply earning their daily bread, or becoming fierce resistants, with an infinite number of various roles in between. Although critics have historically attempted to evaluate Jean-Paul Sartre's and Jean Giraudoux's actions in order to classify them as "resistant" or "collabo," this is a reductive act. Both men, like so many Frenchmen of this period, made an infinite number of small and large decisions that refracted their post-war image according to which critic held the prism. The historiography with regards to this era has dramatically changed. Must the manner in which we "categorize" these two authors not change accordingly? </p><p>With this question in mind, I have carefully studied the authors' primary texts (plays, essays, critiques, memoirs, and letters). In particular, I focus on their theatrical offerings: Les mouches, Huis clos, and La folle de Chaillot, as these are their best-known works of the era. Next, I examined biographies of the Sartre and Giraudoux (as well as other major historical, political, and literary figures) in order to gain as much background information as possible, and moreover, to identify both tendencies and discrepancies with regards to the authors. After this I sifted through the contemporary press related to these two authors, including theatrical reviews of their plays, their own publications in order re-evaluate the Occupation-era theatrical offerings of Sartre and Giraudoux. I have chosen to focus mainly on their plays from the era, as it those are their best-known works, and the those which had the most influence, in creating their political legacy and reputation during the Occupation. Finally, I applied the theories from contemporary historians - Robert Paxton, Henry Rousso, Philippe Burrin, and Gisèle Sapiro among others - in order to develop my own analysis of the theater of Sartre and Giraudoux and their post-war legacy.</p><p>Themes centering on guilt and condemnation abound during the war, especially in these three works. Fueled by De Gaulle's myths of an almost unilaterally resistant French population, the immediate post-war period focused on deliverance from an exterior enemy. However, contrary to popular interpretation, the plays in my corpus condemn the enemy within, the French betrayal of the French.</p><br>Dissertation

L’essai Au théâtre on meurt pour rien. Raconter la mort sans coupable, entre Maeterlinck et Chaurette, compare divers usages dramatiques du récit de mort sous l’éclairage de la généalogie nietzschéenne de l’inscription mémorielle. Pour illustrer l’hypothèse d’une fonction classique du témoin de la mort − donner sens au trépas en le situant dans une quête scénique de justice −, l’essai fait appel à des personnages-types chez Eschyle, Shakespeare et Racine. En contraste, des œuvres du dramaturge moderne Maeterlinck (Intérieur) et du dramaturge contemporain Normand Chaurette (Fragments d’une lettre d’adieu lus par des géologues, Stabat Mater II) sont interprétées comme logeant toute leur durée scénique dans un temps de la mort qui dépasserait la recherche d’un coupable absolu ; une étude approfondie les distingue toutefois par la valeur accordée à l’insolite et à la banalité, ainsi qu’à la singularité des personnages. Le plancher sous la moquette est une pièce de théâtre en trois scènes et trois registres de langue, pour deux comédiennes. Trois couples de sœurs se succèdent dans le salon d’un appartement, jadis une agence de détective qui a marqué leur imaginaire d’enfant. Thématiquement, la pièce déplace le lien propre aux films noirs entre l’enquête et la ville, en y juxtaposant le brouillage temporel qu’implique l’apparition de fantômes. Chacune des trois scènes déréalise les deux autres en redistribuant les mêmes données selon une tonalité autre, mais étrangement similaire, afin d’amener le spectateur à douter du hors-scène : le passé, l’appartement, Montréal. Son réflexe cartésien de traquer la vérité doit le mener à découvrir que les scènes ne vont pas de l’ombre à la lumière, mais qu’elles montrent plutôt que dans l’une et l’autre, la mort n’échappe pas aux trivialités de la mémoire.<br>The essay Au théâtre on meurt pour rien. Raconter la mort sans coupable, entre Maeterlinck et Chaurette (On stage death is useless. Recounting of death without culprit, between Maeterlinck and Chaurette) compare different dramatic uses of death testimony under the perspective of Nietzsche’s genealogy of memory recording. To illustrate the assumption of a classic function given to the death witness – making sense out of death by locking it in a scenic quest for justice −, the essay summons typical characters in Eschyle, Shakespeare and Racine. Then, plays by the modern playwright Maeterlinck (Intérieur) and the contemporary playwright Normand Chaurette (Fragments d’une lettre d’adieu lus par des géologues, Stabat Mater II) are interpreted as inscribing their whole plot in a death term where no definite culprit is needed; on the other hand, further reading reveals different values given in both proposition to triviality and strangeness, as to the singularity of characters. Le plancher sous la moquette (The floor under the carpet) is a play in three acts and three levels of speech for two actresses. Three couples of sisters come back into the living room of an apartment, once a detective agency that remained printed in their child memories. Thematically, the play moves the classic bind in "film-noir" between investigation and the city, by introducing the time interferences associated with ghosts. Each one of the three acts cast a shadow over the two others by re-enacting the same elements on a different but strangely similar tone, thus bringing the audience to doubt the existence of what is not on stage: the past, the other rooms, Montreal. The logical longing the audience has for the truth will lead it to discover that the scenes don’t enlighten the dark, but reveal that death never escapes the coarseness of memory.

Abstract Oklahoma! begins out-of-town performances, generating responses from friends, critics, and colleagues. Rodgers and Hammerstein and the Theatre Guild rebuke Rouben Mamoulian for taking undo credit. Oscar Hammerstein and his lawyer discuss how to deal with the extraordinarily high taxes being levied during the war. Casting and production begin on Carmen Jones. Edna Ferber complains to Hammerstein that he plagiarized from one of her books for something he put in Oklahoma!; Rodgers and Hammerstein are approached by William Perlberg to write the songs for the film State Fair. Rodgers and Hammerstein and the Theatre Guild begin planning their next musical, Carousel.

The pre-premiere publicity for Oklahoma! generated by the Theatre Guild fixed many of the themes that would dominate its reception history. The Guild had already established a pattern of creating musical versions of plays it had previously staged, by way of George and Ira Gershwin’s Porgy and Bess of 1935. Its executive director, Theresa Helburn, tried to persuade a number of Broadway composers to pick up the torch, including Kurt Weill (for Ferenc Molnár’s play Liliom, which later became Rodgers and Hammerstein’s Carousel). She also saw some potential in Lynn Rigg’s Green Grow the Lilacs, first done by the Guild in late 1930. Riggs was one of a new generation of “regional” playwrights, and he drew on his own upbringing in Claremore, Oklahoma, for a work interweaving vernacular dialogue and cowboy songs. Rodgers and Hammerstein, however, came from quite other theatrical traditions; anything they did would necessarily be very different.

Oklahoma! was a surprising success on Broadway, and although the Theatre Guild considered other possible creative teams for new musicals, the now-sealed Rodgers and Hammerstein partnership proved hard to resist. A touring company was in place by late summer 1943, and Oklahoma! traveled internationally after the end of World War II (not least, to London’s West End in 1947); meanwhile, the Guild needed to replace cast members leaving one or other productions of the show. In 1953, Rodgers and Hammerstein bought the Guild’s rights to all three of the shows they had done under its auspices (including Carousel and Allegro). In part, this was to maximize their profits from intended film versions. The 1955 film of Oklahoma! took advantage of the new Todd-AO wide-screen process and location shooting to produce a vivid rendition of the show that, however, also needed to be followed, or resisted, in subsequent stage versions.

On her return to the United States, Hopkins meets Russian-born director Anatole Litvak. They become close, and she stars in his first American film, The Woman I Love. Her costar Paul Muni is bothered by Hopkins’s interference, and fights ensue. Hopkins buys the former estate of John Gilbert. Warner Bros. plans to make Jezebel, a part Hopkins wants, however, she is tricked into selling her rights and the role is given to Bette Davis. Discouraged, Hopkins returns to Goldwyn and makes Woman Chases Man. Polls claim that Hopkins is the number one choice to play Scarlett O’Hara in Gone with the Wind, but David O. Selznick has other plans. Hopkins moves into her new Tower Grove home. She elopes with Anatole Litvak and appears in Wine of Choice for the Theatre Guild, but it fails to meet her standards. She is devastated at the death of her ex-husband “Billy” Parker. After the funeral, she collapses and is admitted to the hospital.

автор исследует творческие интерпретации произведения поэта-гуманиста Низами Гянджеви (XII в.) из цикла «Хамсе» «Семь красавиц». Поэт, был подлинным эрудитом, знатоком не только коранических текстов, истории, античной и мусульманской философии, но и астрономии. Данная статья – попытка проследить ориентальную символику образов Гянджеви в одной из творческих интерпретаций поэмы «Семь красавиц», через призму хореографического и сценографического искусства. Метод исследования – семиотический анализ, объект исследования – балет «Семь красавиц», объединивший достижения современной европейской хореографии и средневековую восточную поэзию с присущей ей образностью, поставленный на музыку азербайджанского композитора Кары Караева. Композитор К. Караев активно использовал самобытные музыкальные традиции Азербайджана (музыкальные гармонии, мелодика ашугов и элементы народных азербайджанских ладов), сочетая их с европейскими мелодиями и ритмами. Анализируя фильм-балет «Семь красавиц» (1982, режиссер Федор Слидовкер) и новую постановку театра оперы и балета им. М.Ф. Ахундова (2011), автор прослеживает трансформацию либретто и предлагает собственное прочтение символики метафоричного произведения классика Низами Гянджеви. Поиски истины, красоты и справедливости всегда были уделом мыслящего человека. Восточные поэты воспевали этот поиск, этот долгий и трудный путь к истине, идеальному миру. Придворные интриги, роскошь дворца и повседневная жизнь простого народа, благородство, коварство и любовь переплелись в этой метафоричной восточной притче, которая легла в основу нескольких интерпретаций балета «Семь красавиц». Несмотря на большую степень условности, свойственной этому жанру сценического искусства, фильм-балет характеризуется драматургической многоплановостью, органическим сплетением развивающихся сюжетных линий, динамической взаимосвязью социального и лирико-психологического конфликтов. Трансформация либретто балета «Семь красавиц» свидетельствует о новом, более глубоком прочтении, приближению его к идейно-философской метафоричной концепции оригинальной поэмы Низами Гянджеви, воспетому поэтом вечному поиску истины, любви и справедливости со свойственной ему ориентальной образностью. the author explores creative interpretations of the work of the humanist poet Nizami Ganjavi (XII century) from the cycle "Khamse" – "Seven beauties". The poet was a true polymath, an expert not only in Quranic texts, history, ancient and Muslim philosophy, but also in astronomy. This article is an attempt to trace the Oriental symbolism of Ganjavi's images in one of the creative interpretations of the poem "Seven beauties", through the prism of choreographic and scenographic art. The method of research is semiotic analysis, the object of research is the ballet "Seven beauties", which combines the achievements of modern European choreography and medieval Eastern poetry with its inherent imagery, set to the music of the Azerbaijani composer Gara Garayev. The composer G. Garayev actively used the original musical traditions of Azerbaijan (musical harmonies, melodies of ashugs and elements of Azerbaijani folk modes), combining them with European melodies and rhythms. Analyzing the film-ballet "Seven beauties" (1982, directed by Fyodor Slidovker) and the new production of the Opera and ballet theater named after M. F. Akhundov (2011), the author traces the transformation of the libretto and offers his own interpretation of the symbolism of the metaphorical work of the classic Nizami Ganjavi. The search for truth, beauty, and justice has always been the province of the thinking man. Eastern poets sang of this search, this long and difficult path to the truth, the ideal world. Court intrigues, the luxury of the Palace and the daily life of the common people, nobility, guile and love are intertwined in this metaphorical Eastern parable, which formed the basis of several interpretations of the ballet "Seven beauties". Despite the great degree of conventionality inherent in this genre of stage art, the film-ballet is characterized by a dramatic diversity, an organic interweaving of developing storylines, and a dynamic relationship between social and lyrical-psychological conflicts. The transformation of the libretto of the ballet "Seven beauties" indicates a new, deeper reading, approaching it to the ideological and philosophical metaphorical concept of the original poem by Nizami Ganjavi, the poet's eternal search for truth, love and justice with its characteristic Oriental imagery.