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Musca, Szabolcs. "Translating dramaturgies : theatre translation practices in the twenty first century." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.687268.
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The present dissertation is concerned with the interplays between translation and theatre, bringing together an array of creative practices rarely discussed together in previous scholarship. As this thesis shows, the process of theatre translation incorporates a multitude of creative practices that contribute to the linguistic, theatrical and cultural transfers between foreign texts and target theatrical contexts. Throughout the dissertation, overlaps and interactions between translation, adaptation and dramaturgy will be discussed reconsidering the borders of such practices. The dissertation introduces dramaturgy to the debate as a synthesising process through which translation and adaptive strategies generate meaning on- and off-stage. The thesis presents a holistic approach, one that acknowledges theatre translation as a continuum of creative practices (e.g. translation, adaptation, dramaturgy, devising) - both textual and performative - that shape and are shaped by theatre practices, theatrical systems and traditions, hence also directly contributing to the expansion of literary, theatrical and cultural canons. The dissertation wishes to facilitate and contribute to a theatrical turn in the discourse, by establishing translation within theatre. The dissertation situate itself in a cross-disciplinary space drawing on a variety of perspectives from Translation Studies, translation and identity, Theatre Studies, theatre histories, performance analysis, dramaturgy, minority theatre, sociological approaches to theatre, Adaptation Studies and Cultural Studies. Crossing thematic, disciplinary, cultural, theoretical as well as physical/geographical borders is an important feature of the dissertation and reflects both the multifaceted ness of contemporary theatre (and theatrical activities) and the interdisciplinary nature of present-day scholarly discourses. The issues presented in this dissertation will be supported by a diversity of examples featuring theatre productions from a multitude of social, cultural and national contexts using a variety of approaches to theatre making
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Pasini, Annamaria. "Translating Theatre, Translating Culture." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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Translating is never about translation word for word of a given piece. Whenever we translate, a series of other factors are to be taken into consideration and some sort of collateral translations are brought along. One of the most important aspects to consider is the audience the text is going to be translated for and consequently its culture. When it comes to translating for the theatre, and for the screen as well, we have even more factors to consider, such as the surrounding scene, some degree of musicality, some gestures, probably a scenography and something happening around. Theatre translation is in fact one of the most complex and multifaced types of translation.
The aim of this essay is to investigate the relation between language and culture, to show what happens when translating for theatre, to explain what is the role of a translator in this field.
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Binge, Ludwig. "Television theatre : investigating the possibility of a translation of Afrikaans theatre to screen." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86320.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South African theatre and especially Afrikaans theatre has become increasingly dependent on the annual arts festivals. These events only last for a week at a time and most productions are unable to make the move to a larger, more commercial urban venue, and are therefore unable to survive beyond the festival. In addition to being lost to future audiences, little attempt is made to keep record of these productions, which makes research surrounding festival productions very problematic. Television has the ability to make audio-visual records of events and to showcase them to a large audience. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of translating theatre to television for the purpose of expanding the potential audience of Afrikaans theatre productions, while simultaneously making audio-visual records of these events. After the possibilities had been examined, the study began to construct a proposed mode of operation for a season of Afrikaans theatre on television. International trends in the practice of translating theatre to screen were examined which included film and television adaptions of stage plays and live recordings of stage plays. The most significant initiative the study encountered was the NT Live (National Theatre Live) project that records live performance on the stages of the National Theatre, while simultaneously transmitting them live in high definition to cinemas across the globe. The study then shifted its focus to South Africa where it determined what had been done in the practice of translating theatre to screen in this country. The struggle to obtain sufficient and easily accessible information on local examples proved that there is an overall lack of theatre documentation and archiving in South Africa. It also found that South Africa did not have an equivalent to a project such as the NT Live. After discovering that there have been South African television endeavours that involved the recording of live performance, the study used the NT Live initiative as case study in constructing a South African model for television. While constructing a proposed mode of operation for a series of Afrikaans theatre on television, it was indicated how these recordings could serve as a documentation process and research resource for productions. Three possible models for translating theatre to television were constructed to better determine what the possibilities were in terms of the content and format of such a series.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrikaanse teater en veral Afrikaanse teater, is besig om al hoe meer afhanklik van die jaarlikse kunstefeeste te word. Dié geleenthede duur gewoonlik net ‘n week op ‘n slag en vir meeste produksies is dit nie moontlik om ‘n speelvak in die groter, kommersiële teaters in die stede van die grond af te kry nie en dus het die produksies nie ‘n lewe ná die fees nie. Verder gaan moontlike gehore ook verlore en word daar nie veel van ‘n poging aangewend om die produksies te dokumenteer nie, wat navorsing rondom feesproduksies baie problematies maak. Televisie het die vermoë om oudio-visuele rekords van gebeure te maak, sowel as om hierdie gebeure aan ‘n groot gehoor bloot te stel. Die hoofdoelstelling van hierdie studie was om die moontlikheid van ‘n verplasing van teater na televisie te ondersoek, met die doel om Afrikaanse teaterproduksies se potensiële gehoor te verbreed en terselfdertyd oudio-visuele rekords van hierdie produksies te maak. Nadat die studie die moontlikheid ondersoek het, het dit ‘n voorgestelde modes operandi vir ‘n seisoen van Afrikaanse teater vir televisie begin konstrueer. Die studie het internasionale tendense in die praktyk van die verplasing van teater na die groot en klein skerm ondersoek. Die voorbeelde het film- en televisieverwerkings van verhoogstukke, sowel as lewendige opnames van verhoogproduksies ingesluit. Die merkwaardigste inisiatief wat die studie teëgekom het, is sekerlik die NT Live (National Theatre Live) projek, wat lewendige opnamens van toneelopvoerings op die National Theatre se verhoë in London maak en terselfdertyd hierdie opnames lewendig in “high definition” uitsaai na film-teaters regoor die wêreld. Daarna het die studie die fokus verskuif na Suid-Afrika om te probeer vasstel wat al in hierdie land gedoen is in die verplasing van teaterproduksies na die skerm. Die gebrek aan maklik-verkrybare en toeganklike inligting het dit duidelik gemaak dat daar ‘n algehele gebrek aan teaterdokumentasie en die bewaring daarvan is. Die studie het ook ontdek dat Suid-Afrika nie iets soortgelyks aan die NT Live inisiatief het nie. Nadat daar televisieprojekte ontdek is wat wél in een of ander manier die opname van lewendige opvoerings behels, het die studie besluit om die NT Live inisiatief as gevallestudie te gebruik om ‘n Suid-Afrikaanse model vir televisie te skep. In die proses om ‘n moontlike produksieproses vir ‘n seisoen van Afrikaanse teater of televisie te definieer, het die studie ook probeer vasstel hoe hierdie tipe opnames kan dien as ‘n dokumentasieproses en navorsingsbron vir produksies. Drie moontlike modelle vir die verplasing van teater na televisie in reeksvorm is geskep om ‘n beter idee te kry van wat die moontlikhede in terme van die inhoud en formaat van so ‘n reeks is.
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Perteghella, Manuela. "A descriptive framework for collaboration in theatre translation." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426946.
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Kritsis, Konstantinos. "Exploring theatre translation : the translator of the stage in the case of a Stanislavskian actor." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57272/.
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Amongst the rich variety of metaphors used to describe the process of transferring texts from one language into another, the parallels between translating and the acting process enjoy a prominent place. This thesis examines the arguments of both translation scholars and practitioners who highlight a need for translators to be able to function as actors do, particularly when translating for the stage, or to have at least an understanding of how actors work. By comparing and contrasting the creative process involved in translation, particularly drama translation, with that fostered by a particular method of drama training, namely that developed by Konstantin Stanislavsky, it is the purpose of this thesis not only to explore whether and how an awareness of the ways actors work could be of benefit to the translator, but also to examine the implications of thinking of the Translator as Actor. This thesis will initially offer an overview and contextualisation of the Stanislavskian approach to acting (Chapter I) and of existing approaches to drama translation (Chapter II). It will seek to examine the core aspects of the Stanislavskian approach to preparing for a performance (Chapters III-VI), and will explore areas of similarity and difference between this and the work of translation. In the final chapter (Conclusions), an attempt will be made to evaluate the extent to which the work of drama translators may be informed by the practices of Stanislavskian actors, as well as the validity of thinking of the Translator as Actor.
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Chan, Shelby Kar-yan. "Homeless at home : identity and theatre translation in Hong Kong." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2011. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/13595/.
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Lee, Jirye. "The Distance between Two Worlds: What Happened to The Vagina Monologues When It Crossed The Pacific Ocean?" The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1248975351.
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Heinz, Evelyn. "John Rodker (1894-1955) and modernist material culture : theatre, translation, publishing." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2018. http://bbktheses.da.ulcc.ac.uk/309/.
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This thesis examines the career of the modernist writer John Rodker (1894-1955) in the context of the institutional and commercial networks of modernism during the period 1912-1932. It focuses specifically on three aspects of Rodker’s creative practice which have received little attention to date: his work in the areas of theatre, translation and publishing. Though historically relegated to a position of cultural minority, Rodker was a key agent in the networks of modernist literary production whose multifaceted career, I argue, provides significant insights into the relationship between modernism’s modes of material production and its historical claim to cultural authority. Chapter one examines Rodker’s early engagement with dramatic art and explores how the types of theatre he encountered as a young poet growing up in Whitechapel influenced the dramaturgy of his modernist theatre manifesto, published in The Egoist in 1914. In chapter two Rodker’s theoretical propositions for an artistically and economically reformed modernist stage are tested against his practical involvement in mounting stage performances as a member of the ‘Choric School’. Chapters three and four shift the focus onto Rodker’s translation work, examining his first major translation project The Lay of Maldoror and analysing his position as a translator and translated author in the literary marketplace of the 1920s. In the final two chapters I investigate Rodker’s engagement with the commercial aspects of literary production in his role as a publisher. Chapter five provides a first historical account of Rodker’s second publishing business, the Casanova Society, while chapter six presents an analysis of the ‘John Rodker’ imprint which shows Rodker participating in the commercial push that brought modernism closer to the masses in the late 1920s and early 30s whilst simultaneously failing to effectively market his own work. The conclusion outlines the loss of Rodker’s literary reputation after 1932 and draws together the main strands of my argument about the relationship between modernist material culture and literary success.
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Lazgee, Seyed Habiballah. "Post-revolutinary Iranian theatre : three representative plays in translation with critical commentary." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1994. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/515/.
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This thesis gives a portrait of the theatrical activities in Iran after the Islamic Revolution of 1978, and discusses how theatre works within the Islamic Republic of Iran. Firstly, in order to gain familiarity with the country's political institution, there is a brief political history of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Secondly, to understand the theatre's concerns and difficulties the general situation in post-revolutionary Iranian theatre is discussed. This includes sections on: Organization, Venues, Festivals, Islam and Theatre, Radio and Television, Theatre in the Universities, Theatre Publishing and Criticism, The Effect of War, Audience, Censorship, Statistics. The third and major part of the thesis is the translation of three representative plays which have not previously been translated into English and belong to different periods of the Revolution, written by different playwrights. 1. The Fence within the Fence. By Mohssen Makhmalbaf. 1981. 2. The Steps. By Akbar Radi. 1989 3. The Tale of the Concrete City. By Abdolhay Shammassi. 1990. Critical commentaries accompany each play.
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Kirch, Michael A. "Generative dramaturgy : a strategy for refocusing directorial intent in the translation phase of play development." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8161.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 36-40).
This explication focuses on the director working collaboratively in the ensemble towards generating new material inspired by the play text in the staging of the play. The strategy employed to achieve this efect is referred to as a generative dramaturgy. The aim is to foster co-ownership in the actors of teh ensemble by developing their natural and instinctive responses during the translation phase. I specifically look at the South Africa theatre context which neither works in a culturally homogenous environment nor performs to a culturally homogenous audience, and where multicultural theatre is a familiar theatre practice.
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De, Martino Cappuccio Alessandra. "Translation of dialect and cultural transfer : an analysis of Eduardo De Filippo’s theatre." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3666/.
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The thesis sets out to examine cultural transfer from Neapolitan dialect into English, in the translations of plays by the contemporary Neapolitan playwright Eduardo De Filippo (1900-1984). It involves a comparative textual analysis of English translations of a selection of De Filippo’s plays in order to identify the translation strategies employed by each translator to represent Neapolitan cultural identity. Eduardo De Filippo can be defined as one of the most prominent contemporary Italian playwrights who employed dialect to portray characters who trespassed the boundaries of both Neapolitan and Italian society and to address social issues which were comprehensible to a vast public. In fact, his innovative contribution resided in the ability to bring vernacular theatre to national and international level. Thus the objective of the study is to bring to light the universality of De Filippo’s message albeit the limited linguistic medium and to show how his theatre is represented in the Anglo-Saxon milieu. The aim of previous critical studies on the matter has been to focus on the stage representations of De Filippo’s oeuvres, without particular emphasis on the analysis of the dialect. Drawing on a variety of theatre as well as translational frameworks (critical work on translation and in particular on theatre translation, the polysystem theory, the descriptive approach, anthropology, and sociolinguistics) I argue that dialect theatre represents an autonomous genre, separate from standard Italian theatre, which needs to be accounted for in translation, and in particular that the domestication of the language reduces the cultural impact of the original plays. The thesis is the first study to suggest that lexicological issues reflect the interpretation of the Neapolitan society in the translated texts and to provide evidence of the appropriation of Neapolitan culture by the receiving theatrical system through the linguistic choices made in translation.
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Budy, Brooke Sparrow. "No animals were harmed: a translation of Jean-Michel Ribes's Theatre sans animaux." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2008. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/198.
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Davis, Daniel. "Boy Meets Boy: Envisioning Queer Youth Novels for Translation to the Stage." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5926.
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Queer Youth, or young people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or questioning, is a demographic with an increasing presence in contemporary society. Along with this increased presence has come an increase in support groups available to these youths that range from Gay-Straight Alliances at their schools, community groups from their local gay and lesbian center to, most recently, theater companies that have begun to offer workshops and performance opportunities within the Queer Youth Theatre genre. Queer Youth Theatre is an emerging form of topical theatre that deals with issues and situations queer youth may face in their daily lives. Few scripts exist that deal with topics related to LGBT youth, and most theatre groups that offer LGBT youth programs, such as the Pride Players from the Omaha Theater Company for Children and Young People in Omaha, Nebraska, rely on devising works for live performance. The Pride Players independently publish a “Best of” anthology for use by other groups wishing to use their devised material (Guehring2). Though these opportunities may be beneficial to the youths involved, there is still a need for scripted works to be available for queer youth to explore.
This thesis project looks at two steps necessary to beginning the process of adapting LGBT young adult novels for the stage. First, an adaptation rubric must be created for use as a guide for identifying source material for translation to the stage. Second, the young adult novels Boy Meets Boy by David Levithan and Rainbow Boys by Alex Sanchez are evaluated for their strength as adaptations by applying the rubric with a directorial lensM.F.A.
Masters
Theatre
Arts and Humanities
Theatre; Theatre for Young Audience
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Stock, Robert P. "Do you hear what I hear? : inferring voice in celebrity translation in the theatre." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2018. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/108266/.
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The phenomenon of celebrity translation in the British theatrical system raises many hitherto unanswered questions about how we evaluate theatre translation using existing theories of translation. It also invites an exploration using a theoretical framework based on Relevance Theory, which examines the effects that a text potentially has on the receiver’s cognitive state in the light of the contextual background of the text, its author and its receivers. With the support of analysis of the source and target texts, audience data, reviews, blogs and social media posts, I explore the extent to which audiences are likely to infer the celebrity translator’s own voice from their translations because of the way in which the celebrity translator’s contextual background (i.e. their assumed style, values, agenda, personality, and so on) influences the reception of his or her text. I then question the implications of celebrity translation for the marketing of translated theatre in the UK, and argue that we should celebrate the way in which celebrity translators increase the visibility of the act of translation and showcase the genre of plays in translation. My assessment of the likely cognitive state of spectators attracted to a play because of the pull of a celebrity translator sheds new light on some of the existing ideas within translation studies regarding the role and responsibilities of the translator. It also adds to our growing understanding of the role played by the receiver’s cognitive context in his or her evaluation of translation and the relationships between source-text author and translator, and between source and target text. As well as adding to scholarly debate about the practice of theatre translation, my research is designed to encourage stakeholders in the UK’s theatrical system to further question the way in which translated play texts are commissioned, funded, marketed and critically evaluated.
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Hubsch, Jean-Frederic. "Musical theatre in translation: A semiotic analysis of Jacques Brel's "L'Homme de la Mancha"." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27375.
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Translation of musical theatre has been afforded little academic study. This project aims to help fill this gap in order to develop the study of musical theatre in translation studies. This begins with defining the specificity of musical theatre as a form, using prior work in both the study and translation of theatre and of opera. The goal is to position musical theatre as an object for analysis and to outline the constraints attached to the translation thereof. An analysis of the effect on translation of some of these constraints follows based on notions from discourse analysis and music interpretation. Finally, this semiotic framework focussing on the use of isotopy is applied to a specific case of musical theatre translation, that of Man of La Mancha translated into French by Jacques Brel as L'homme de La Mancha.
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Handall, Monique Elizabeth. "Translating Spanish language plays into English: A focus on the translation and production of Xavier Robles' Rojo amanecer." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2958.
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The purpose of this culminating project is to start translating quality Mexican and Latin American dramatic literature in order to provide to educators and theatrical directors a fundamental collection of plays. The author worked with her San Gorgonio High School students to conduct a dramaturgical study of the setting and political background of Rojo Amanecer by Xavier Robles, a play which outlines the events leading to the 1968 student massacre at Mexico City's Plaza de Tlatelolco. The author then directed the play in her role as San Gorgonio High School's new theater teacher.
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Jacky, Christine Elizabeth. "Painting with Light for A Woman's Cause: The Lighting Design of Lysistrata." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/354.
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This thesis presents the evaluation, research, and written documentation of the process in the lighting design of Lysistrata: A Woman's Translation. Chapter One contains two parts. The first is in-depth research specific to the production as well as an analysis of the script. The second part is the Statement of Goals, Methodology and Procedures. Chapter Two presents the design process during the production and the implementation of the design processes. Chapter Three, the final chapter, discusses and examines the responses and includes a self-evaluation of the production. The appendices of this document contain research images, hand renderings and computer renderings, drafting, and production photographs.
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Ropero, Adriano. "Traduzindo a tradução de Brecht no Brasil: estudo do caso brasileiro da recepção à obra de Brecht." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8144/tde-14012015-113346/.
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Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo descrever e analisar a recepção da obra de Bertolt Brecht no Brasil, tendo como guia o processo de tradução, que teve início no Brasil em 1948. A teoria que norteia essa pesquisa é fundamentada nos Estudos Descritivos da Tradução, mais precisamente na Teoria dos Polissistemas de Itamar Even-Zohar, os conceitos de reescritura e patronagem de André Lefevere, as normas da tradução de Gideon Toury, somados à obra de Gérard Genette Paratextos Editoriais. Essa teoria é a base para que esta pesquisa faça a distinção entre quatro períodos de tradução observados no material que compõe o corpus dessa pesquisa. Além da fortuna crítica sobre Brecht no Brasil, faz parte dessa pesquisa notícias sobre o dramaturgo nos jornais do Grupo Folha (Folha da Noite, Folha da Manhã e Folha de São Paulo) e do jornal O Estado de São Paulo, disponíveis na internet nos acervos digitais dos respectivos veículos de comunicação. Através da análise da atitude tradutória em cada período são contrapostos os resultados obtidos pelo sistema teatral brasileiro dessa recepção com as teorias de Brecht para o teatro e para a tradução. Dessa maneira, faz-se um estudo minucioso de cada período: 1) 1948 a 1958 quando há apenas a tradução cultural das ideias e dos aspectos do teatro de Brecht no Brasil abordando sua obra como clássica; 2) 1958 a 1968 respeitando o modelo estabelecido no período anterior inicia a tradução de textos de Brecht como uma obra clássica, contradizendo a visão de teatro de Brecht e enfrentando muitos problemas de ordem técnica para encenar Brecht; 3) 1968 a 1998 marcado fortemente pela experimentação teatral, encontra seu maior expoente no Grupo Oficina, que renova a linguagem teatral brasileira e dá novos rumos à tradução de Brecht, se aproximando muito da visão de teatro de Brecht; 4) depois de 1998 contando com mais recursos técnicos e com menos grupos de repertório, o cenário teatral volta a buscar uma encenação mais fiel a Brecht se aproximando mais do segundo momento de recepçãoThis research has the goal of describing and analyzing the history of the reception of Brechts work in Brazil, having as a guideline the process of translation, which began in Brazil in 1948. The theory that helps us to accomplish this task is the Descriptive Translation Studies, more precisely the Polysystem Theory by Itamar Even-Zohar, the translation norms by Gideon Toury, and the concepts of rewriting and patronage by André Lefevere. In addition to this base theory, the work of Gérard Genette, Paratexts, supports the identification of distinct periods of reception, also the agents involved in each period and the turning points that led to new approaches to the work of Brecht in Brazil. Besides the bibliography about Brecht in Brazil, the corpus of this research is composed by news published in two major Brazilian newspapers, Folha de São Paulo (before 1960 it was called Folha da Manhã morning edition and Folha da Noite evening edition) and O Estado de Sao Paulo, which have all editions in digital format available online. By analyzing the approach translators had towards Brechts work in each period in Brazil, it is possible to analyze the productivity each different approach had in comparison to Brechts own theory for theater and translation. Therefore, a thorough analysis is made of this material in each period: 1) 1948 to 1958 period in which there is a cultural translation of Brechts ideas, but there are no plays on stage and no texts published, in this period Brecht is considered a classic author; 2) 1958 to 1968 the first plays by Brecht are taken to stage, and few texts are published, the agents involved face a lot of technical problems to accomplish this task but nonetheless they comply with the image stablished in the previous period, which contradicts Brechts conception of theatre and translation; 3) 1968 to 1998 there is a turning point to Brazilian theatre scene marked by extreme experimentation, the Oficina Theatre is the major exponent of this period, Brechts work is no longer considered a classic, which cannot be tempered with, and this approach is the closest that Brazil gets to Brechts ideal of theatre; 4) after 1998 with more technical resources Brazilian theatre once more approaches Brecht as a classic and try to recreate his plays in Brazil
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Taylor, Elinor Saranne. "The effects of theatre translation problems on the production of selected plays by Harold Pinter in West and post-unification Germany." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/5213.
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Péran, Bruno. "Le surtitrage : analyse d'une technique de traduction théâtrale et conception de nouveaux outils à partir d'un corpus de spectacles en Espagnol." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20090.
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La mondialisation n’est plus seulement une réalité économique et commerciale, elle concerne aussi les domaines culturels et artistiques. Dans ce contexte, la traduction joue un rôle majeur car elle facilite les échanges tout en conservant la diversité des langues et des cultures. En permettant la circulation des œuvres dramatiques et lyriques dans leur dimension spectaculaire, le surtitrage répond à cet enjeu du dialogue interculturel. Ainsi, il s’est imposé comme une technique de traduction à part entière, à mi-chemin entre la traduction théâtrale et la traduction audiovisuelle. Sa pratique connaît d’ailleurs un essor constant depuis son apparition, posant ainsi la question de sa professionnalisation et exigeant, par là-même, que l’on s’interroge sur les outils nécessaires au surtitreur. Pour y répondre, une analyse théorique du surtitrage est indispensable car ce dernier présente des spécificités propres qui concernent aussi bien les textes source et cible que l’opération de traduction qu’il engage. La réflexion traductologique doit être accompagnée d’une réflexion théâtrologique car le surtitrage apparaît, de fait, comme un élément qui s’ajoute à une scénographie. Quel que soit son degré d’intégration à la mise en scène, il n’est pas sans incidence sur le spectacle qu’il traduit. Outre cette approche théorique, ce travail s’appuie sur une expérience pratique du surtitrage pour en cerner les différents enjeux. Une telle articulation entre théorie et pratique a conduit à la conception de nouveaux outils, méthodologiques et informatiques (cahier des charges fonctionnel du logiciel Surtitéa), pour faciliter l’activité du surtitreur et accompagner sa professionnalisationGlobalization is no longer restricted to the economic and commercial spheres as the cultural and artistic worlds are now also affected by it. Within this context, translation plays a major role since it makes exchanges easier while maintaining the diversity of languages and cultures. In making possible the circulation of dramatic and lyrical works in their entire theatrical dimension, the practice of surtitles contributes to the elaboration of this intercultural dialogue. Hence, it came to be recognized as a specific technique of translation, half-way between theatrical translation and audiovisual translation. The practice of surtitles has been developing at a regular pace since its creation, raising thus the question of its professionalization and that of the tools required for such specific types of translation. To answer those questions, a theoretical analysis of surtitling is necessary because of its specificities concerning both the source and target texts and the very process of translation which it implies. A reflection on the theories of translation should be combined with a reflection on the theatrical field since the surtitles are, as a matter of fact, part of the scenography. No matter how much the surtitles are taking into consideration in the elaboration of the staging, their integration always has a consequence on the play they translate. Alongside this theoretical approach, this study is based on a practical experience in surtitling which has helped us to further delineate its features. This combination of theory and practice has resulted in the creation of new tools in the field of methodology and computing (practical guidelines for the users of the software Surtitéa) to ease the task of the translator and helps his professionalization
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Rossholm, Anna Sofia. "Reproducing Languages, Translating Bodies : Approaches to Speech, Translation and Cultural Identity in Early European Sound Film." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Filmvetenskapliga institutionen, 2006. http://www.diva-portal.org/su/theses/abstract.xsql?dbid=1333.
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Zardo, Mônica. "Tradução do texto teatral : novos desafios da investigação tradutória." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/66289.
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Esta tese se insere na área dos estudos de tradução, com ênfase na tradução teatral ou tradução do drama. É apresentada uma análise dos estudos de tradução no século XXI, com a finalidade de esclarecer o direcionamento atual dessa área do conhecimento. O foco da pesquisa é a tradução do texto teatral, ou tradução do drama, a qual, até a última década, era uma área negligenciada nos estudos da tradução, e, no mundo acadêmico, a peça teatral era, tradicionalmente, vista e traduzida como um texto literário. Para uma melhor compreensão da tradução do texto teatral é apresentada uma análise detalhada de todas as características do texto que possui a particularidade de somente atingir sua concretização quando representado. Também é apresentada uma abordagem histórico-descritiva das teorias da tradução teatral, procurando-se abranger os vários aspectos desse tipo de tradução, que pode ser orientada para o palco (stage-oriented) ou para o leitor (reader-oriented). Para complementar esta pesquisa, é apresentada uma proposta de tradução da peça Guy Domville, de Henry James, embasada nos pressupostos teóricos descritos anteriormente.The area of research of this thesis is translation studies, with emphasis on theater translation or drama translation. It presents an analysis of the translation studies in the 21st century, in order to clarify the present direction of this area of knowledge. The focus of the research is the translation of theatre texts, which, until the last decade, was a neglected field in translation studies, and, in the world of academe, the stage play was traditionally viewed and translated as a work of literature. For a better understanding of theatre translation is presented a detailed analysis of the features of the theatre text which main characteristic is be written to be performed. Is also presented a historical-descriptive approach of the theater translation theories, aiming to cover the various aspects of this kind of translation, which can be stage-oriented or reader-oriented. To complement this research, is presented a translation of the play Guy Domville, by Henry James, based on the conceptual framework mentioned above.
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Linda, Nilsson. "Att återge Hamlet : Översättningsnormer och strategier vid teateröversättning." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för svenska och flerspråkighet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-133981.
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Denna uppsats ämnar göra ett nedslag i svensk teateröversättning för den svenska teaterscenen. Teateröversättning är ett relativt outforskat forskningsfält generellt, men i synnerhet råder det en avsaknad av studier som fokuserar på svenska teateröversättningar. I detta syfte har undersökningen valt att analysera William Shakespeares, Hamlet, genom att analysera ett urval av svenska Hamletuppsättningar och tillhörande metatexter återskapas de strategier och normer som översättaren inkorporerar vid nyöversättning från den engelska källtexten till den svenska måltexten. Tre spelversioner av Hamlet från produktioner i Dramatens regi åren 1974 i översättning av Allan Bergstrand, 1986 i översättning av Britt G. Hallqvist och 2008 i översättning av Ulf Peter Hallberg utgör studiens material. Vidare har en variabelanalys genomförts där variablerna strykning, textindelning, pronominalbruk och bildspråk analyserats, både på makrotextuell nivå och mikrotextuell nivå. Resultatet visar att spelversionerna skiljer sig något åt när det kommer till strategier och textuella normer. Hamlet från 1974 tenderar att vara mer adekvansinriktad medan Hamlet från 1986 och 2008 tenderar att vara mer acceptansinriktade. Studien fann även att ingen av de undersökta spelversionerna lever upp till rådande normer när det kommer till mottagande.This thesis seeks to touch upon Swedish theatre translations produced for the Swedish stage. Theatre translation is generally an relatively unchartered field, but there is particularly a lack of studies focused on Swedish theatre translation. For this reason this thesis has chosen to analyse William Shakespeare’s Hamlet. By analysing a selection of Hamlet productions and corresponding metatexts this thesis recreates strategies and norms incorporated in a retranslation of the English source text into a Swedish target text.Three stage versions of Hamlet, all productions of Dramaten from the years 1974, translated by Allan Bergstrand, 1986, translated by Britt G. Hallqvist, and 2008, translated by Ulf Peter Hallberg, were selected for this purpose. In addition, the following variables where investigated: reduction, textual structure, pronouns and imagery. This analysis was conducted both on a macro texual level and a micro textual level. The study shows that the stage version of Hamlet 1974 tends to be more adequate while the stage versions from 1986 and 2008 tend to be more acceptable when it comes to strategies. The thesis also found that none of the investigated stage versions fulfilled the expectancy norms of the audience.
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Berriel, Nádia Jorge 1983. "Antigone de Vittorio Alfieri : uma tradução." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270172.
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Orientador: Suzi Frankl SperberDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T02:08:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Berriel_NadiaJorge_M.pdf: 849852 bytes, checksum: c58e0a274adf4d28a2ea692d6cd8ce13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: este trabalho consiste numa tradução da peça Antigone, do tragediógrafo italiano Vittorio Alfieri, escrita em 1776 em Florença, Itália. Esta tragédia revela inquietações artísticas e particularidades linguísticas que refletem o período que antecede o Risorgimento, tanto no âmbito político quanto no que se refere à cultura e ao idioma italiano. A presente dissertação apresenta também um perfil biográfico de Vittorio Alfieri, autor até o momento pouco conhecido no Brasil, a partir de estudo de sua autobiografia e de estudos publicados na Itália sobre sua obra e seu envolvimento com movimentos políticos que culminaram na Revolução Francesa
Abstract: this work consists on a translation of the play Antigone, by the Italian tragedy writer Vittorio Alfieri. The play was written in 1776 in Florence, Italy. This tragedy reveals artistic concerns and linguistic particularities that reflect the period of time that precedes the Risorgimento, both in a political extent as in where the Italian culture and language is concerned. The present dissertation presents also a biographic profile of Vittorio Alfieri, author until this moment little known in Brazil, based on the study of his autobiography and texts published in Italy about the author's work and involvement in political movements that led to the French Revolution
Mestrado
Teoria e Critica Literaria
Mestra em Teoria e História Literária
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Wagner, Stefanie. "Dario Fos "Morte accidentale di un anarchico" und seine Adaptationen in Frankreich und Deutschland." Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/6027/.
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Dario Fo (Nobelpreis 1997) ist einer der herausragendsten Erneuerer des italienischen Theaters des 20. Jahrhunderts. Ein Überblick über die wichtigsten Stationen seines künstlerischen Schaffens zeugt zunächst von Fos stetem Bemühen um innovative Ansätze in Bezug auf Theaterkonzeption und –praxis: immer gilt es, sich von den Konventionen des literarischen, bürgerlichen, subventionierten, weitgehend passiv rezipierten Theaters abzugrenzen und das Theater für das Publikum wieder ganzheitlich erfahrbar zu machen. Doch nicht selten geraten er und seine Truppe dabei in Konflikt mit den herrschenden politischen und gesellschaftlichen Umständen. Dies trifft auch auf sein Stück "Morte accidentale di un anarchico" (1970) zu, dessen Analyse im Zentrum dieser Arbeit steht. Ein realhistorischer Fall, der "Fall Pinelli" (bzw. "la strage di Piazza Fontana") 1969, diente Fo als Grundlage seiner sehr zeitnah entstandenen grotesken Farce, die aufgrund ihrer politischen Brisanz für Aufruhr sorgte und die auch im Ausland bis heute immer wieder auf den Spielplänen zu finden ist. Die Arbeit geht daher nicht nur auf die Produktion, Inszenierung und Rezeption des Stücks in Italien ein, sondern nimmt auch die Adaptationen und deren Rezeption in Frankreich und Deutschland in den Blick, wobei die italienspezifische Ausrichtung von Fos Theater (Rekurs auf Traditionen des italienischen Volkstheaters, Verarbeitung (tages)politischen Geschehens etc.) eine besondere Herausforderung für die fremdsprachige Bearbeitung des Stückes und seine Inszenierung darstellt. Neben den produktions- und rezeptionsästhetischen Grundbedingungen des Textes von Dario Fo werden in diesem Zusammenhang auch Spezifika der Bühnenübersetzung beleuchtet und Alternativen hierzu aufgezeigt, die auch bereits von Fos Truppe genutzt werden.Dario Fo (Premio Nobel 1997) è uno dei drammaturghi e capocomici più innovatori del teatro italiano del ‘900. Verranno mostrate le tappe più importanti del suo percorso artistico che attestano una ricerca incessante di approcci innovativi per la concezione e la prassi teatrali: una lotta acerrima contro le convenzioni del teatro letterario, borghese, sovvenzionato e fruito in modo passivo. Comunque, cercando di ristabilire l’evento teatrale come esperienza olistica, Fo e la sua compagnia si ritrovano spesso in pieno conflitto con la realtà socio-politica e i suoi rappresentanti. Era anche questo il caso del pezzo "Morte accidentale di un anarchico" (1970) di cui questo lavoro presenta un’analisi. Scritta poco dopo la strage di Piazza Fontana (dicembre 1969) e quindi a quell’epoca di scottante attualità politica, questa farsa grottesca fece sorgere grandi tumulti e rimane finora uno dei pezzi più rappresentati, anche all’estero. Pertanto, questo lavoro contempla non solo la produzione, l’allestimento e la ricezione del pezzo in Italia, ma tiene anche conto degli adattamenti e della loro ricezione in Francia e in Germania. Verrà mostrata la sfida per gli adattamenti stranieri che risulta dall’italianità del teatro di Fo (ricorso alla tradizione del teatro popolare italiano, trattamento di fatti socio-politici quotidiani etc.). In questo contesto verranno spiegati anche elementi specifici della traduzione per la scena e indicata qualche alternativa che anche la compagnia di Fo già utilizza.
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Maggi, Ludovica. "Herméneutique, oralité, temporalité. L’écriture traductive théâtrale de l’interprétation des classiques à la mise en voix. Phèdre et Dom Juan traduits pour la scène italienne contemporaine." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCA014/document.
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Dans la présente thèse nous formulons une réflexion sur la traduction des classiques du théâtre à travers les trois catégories traductologiques de l’herméneutique, de l’oralité et de la temporalité. A cet effet, nous envisageons la traduction comme le résultat d’un processus herméneutique concernant l’œuvre dans sa totalité. Au centre de ce processus, nous plaçons le sujet traduisant, dont la culture individuelle – à son tour reflet et déclinaison de la culture collective de l’espace-temps cible – constitue l’horizon d’interaction avec l’œuvre source. En découle la saisie d’un Sens total, au-delà du simple sens textuel, qui inclut une inscription dans la temporalité et l’identification d’une théâtralité, tout particulièrement vocale. Posant cette construction comme hypothèse de fond, nous recherchons les marques d’une telle interprétation de l’œuvre dans l’oralité de la traduction. Nous imaginons cette dernière comme la projection d’une voix performée et la concevons comme un tissu composite dans lequel les dimensions linguistique, rythmique et vocale participent à la construction d’un discours contemporain sur l’œuvre classique, le théâtre du passé, le théâtre du présent, sur la traduction elle-même et sa relation au temps. Un corpus de traductions italiennes contemporaines de Phèdre et Dom Juan destinées à la représentation scénique constitue la pierre de touche pour la vérification de notre hypothèse, tout en apportant un éclairage sur la réception des classiques du théâtre français en ItalieIn this thesis, we focus on theatre classics and on the interaction between hermeneutics, orality and temporality. To this aim, we think of translation as the result of a hermeneutical process which goes beyond the text and includes an interpretation of the play as a whole. In this framework, the translator plays a central role as they interact with the source text through the hermeneutical horizon of their individual and collective culture, extracting a Sense which extends to the perception of a specific temporality and theatricality. Our hypothesis is that this Sense can be found in the orality of the translative writing, which we consider to be the projection of voice in performance and which we define as a combination of language, rhythm and vocality, resulting in a contemporary discourse about the classic work, about theatre – both past and present – and about translation itself, as well as about its relationship to time. A corpus of Italian translations of Phèdre and Dom Juan for the stage helps verify our hypothesis, while offering an insight into the reception of French classical theatre in Italy
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Fernandes, Andréa Helena Parolari. "O caminhar das sombras imemoriais - encenação do universo rosiano a partir da exegese do canto \'Nenhum, Nenhuma\', de Guimarães Rosa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27156/tde-15052009-130558/.
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Tradução intersemiótica do conto Nenhum, nenhuma, de João Guimarães Rosa, para a linguagem cênica, num exercício de transliteração da prosa para a encenação. Ordenado de maneira sistematizada, esse processo de encontro da linguagem rosiana com a linguagem cênica mostra a transformação do conto em uma encenação, a partir de sistemas semióticos de análise para a construção de signos cênicos, numa intensa dialética entre prática e teoria. Numa reflexão estética, a Autora funda sua busca nas experimentações das relações e das modulações de inflexão da oralidade do conto rosiano dentro do espaço cênico, partindo do pressuposto de que a representação cênica é um amálgama de estratégias, antevistos por ela, como pesquisadora e como encenadora, direcionando, nesta condição, a re-produção dos efeitos, para o público. O resultado dessa incursão constitui a dramatização O Caminhar das Sombras Imemoriais. Processo de encontro que será re-vivenciado, no Teatro, pela Banca Examinadora e espectadores.Intersemiotic translation of the short story Nenhum, Nehuma by Guimarães Rosa, into scenic language, in a transliteration exercise from prose to performance. Arranged in a systematized manner, this meeting process between Guimarães Rosa\'s and scenic language shows the transformation of the short story into a staged performance by using semiotic systems of analysis to build scenic signs in an intense dialectics between theory and practice. From a aesthetic reflection, the author bases her search in the experimentation of the oral expression relations and modulations in Rosa´ short stories within a scenic space, assuming that the scenic representation is an amalgam of organised strategies, anticipated by her as a researcher and theatre director, directing, as such, the reproduction of the effects to the audience. The result of this incursion constitutes the dramatisation The Walking of the Immemorial Shadows. This process the encounter should be re-experienced, in the theatre by the Board of Examination and spectators.
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Peters, Jens. "Narration and dialogue in contemporary British and German-language drama (texts – Translations – mise-en-scène)." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/14393.
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The aim of this thesis is to undertake a comparative study of contemporary British and German-language playwriting, with an eye specifically towards possible reasons and solutions for the problematic situation of German-language playtexts in Britain. I will first conduct a stylistic analysis of a selection of British and German-language playwrights, focusing on the differences in representation of interiority through dialogue and narration. I will then introduce a phenomenological lens that will expand this literary analysis by looking at specific stagings of these texts, and at the use of gestures in particular. Tracing the performative implications of dialogue and narration in their relationship with gestures, I will suggest that while dialogue mostly requires metonymical gestures, the phenomenology of narration is better served by a more metaphoric use. This is followed by a chapter on translation, which will look at the specific problems and chances posed by narration and so-called ‘postdramatic’ plays in general. After these theoretical considerations, I will scrutinise my findings in a practical environment in two major steps. The first step is a comparative rehearsal observation of one German and one British director and their work with contemporary playtexts. My main question will be in how far the tendency towards dialogue in British plays and towards narration in German-language plays is matched by corresponding trends in the directors’ formal language. Furthermore, I will contextualise the work of these two directors in the larger field of directing in their respective countries. The second and final step of my practical investigation will be an implementation and testing of the previous theses in two directing projects of my own. I will again focus on rehearsal methodologies, attempting to find out which methodologies are particularly useful for the rehearsal of narrative playtexts and thereby hoping to formulate some first ideas for the specific requirements of German-language playtexts in a British context.
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Oliveira, Mariana Lessa de. "Translating ireland : Brian Friel's Translations beyond words." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/114839.
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Encenada pela primeira vez em 1980 em Derry, na Irlanda do Norte, pela Companhia de Teatro Field Day, Translations de Brian Friel é considerada um marco na história teatral irlandesa, suscitando diversas interpretações e análises que abrangem diversos campos de estudo: do pós-colonialismo aos estudos de linguagem. O foco desta dissertação é o estudo da linguagem dentro da criação artística na Irlanda, tanto na formação do teatro irlandês como na formação da literatura irlandesa, tendo como objetivo a leitura de Translations como uma metáfora para a criação da literatura irlandesa como um todo. O presente trabalho também propõe uma tradução da peça para o português brasileiro e é dividido em três capítulos com o objetivo de: 1) apresentar a peça e as discussões que circundavam o contexto de sua criação, assim como a recepção da peça por jornais e estudiosos literários; 2) apresentar uma breve história da criação do teatro nacional irlandês a partir da fundação do Irish Literary Theater em 1897 pelo dramaturgo e poeta W.B. Yeats e comparar a fundação da Companhia de Teatro Field Day, além de situar Translations dentro da tradição iniciada no século XIX. Ademais, o segundo capítulo também trata sobre a criação literária na Irlanda e a relação de escritores com a língua de produção, inglês ou irlandês, tentando traçar comparações entre estes e os personagens da peça; 3) apresentar traduções da peça para o irlandês, grego, italiano e português brasileiro assim como apresentar reflexões sobre a tradução aqui proposta. O presente estudo se utiliza de teorias sobre estudos irlandeses de teóricos como Declan Kiberd, teóricos do teatro como Christopher Murray, Scott Boltwood, além dos textos publicados pela própria companhia Field Day. Também foram utilizadas extensivas pesquisas em jornais irlandeses e colunas de escritores no que tange a língua de criação. A base bibliográfica utilizada é variada a fim de que se possa chegar ao objetivo deste estudo: apresentar uma leitura em que Translations não seja lida como a morte da língua irlandesa, mas como o renascimento de uma língua que incorpora a língua inglesa, formando uma terceira língua de criação para a arte literária irlandesa.First staged in 1980 in Derry, Northern Ireland, by the Field Day Theater Co., Translations is considered a milestone in the history of Irish theater, bringing up various interpretations and analysis, from post-colonial to language studies. The present research aims at studying language as a tool in the crafting of a national art in Ireland, especially in the foundation of a theater and in the creation of a literary tradition, presenting Translations as a metaphor for this process. This study presents a possibility for the translation of the play and is divided in three main parts: 1) a presentation of the play and the discussions surrounding the time of its creation as well as the reception of critics and scholars; 2) a brief presentation of the history of the Irish national theater starting by the foundation of the Irish Literary Theater in 1897 by W.B. Yeats, and a comparison with the foundation of the Field Day Theater Company where their first production, Translations, stands in the tradition started in late 19th century. Besides that, the second part also presents some periods in Irish literature and the relation between writers and the language of production: English or Irish, comparing this relationship to the one found amongst characters in the play; 3) analysis of the translations the play has received to Irish, Greek, Italian and Brazilian Portuguese as well as reflections on the process of translating the play. The following study uses theories in Irish studies such as the ones by Declan Kiberd, theater scholars such as Christopher Murray and Scott Boltwood and texts published by Field Day. Newspapers columns and articles were also researched for this study, especially when concerning the language of literary production in Ireland. The main objetive of this study is to present a reading of the play that does not refer to the death of a language, but to the rebirth of a new Irish language incorporated in the English language, a third language used in the creation of Irish art.
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Tomàs, Albina Alba. "Electra: mite i recreació en el teatre català contemporani." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402440.
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Aquesta tesi doctoral tracta de les recreacions del mite d’Electra en el teatre català contemporani en relació amb les versions clàssiques, tot tenint en compte, també, determinades reescriptures contemporànies d’altres cultures que es poden considerar de referència. Tot i que ens centrarem en les recreacions originals del mite en llengua catalana dutes a terme al llarg del segle XX i principis del XXI, no obviarem el paper indispensable que han tingut les traduccions i les adaptacions dels textos clàssics en la introducció del tema d’Electra en el sistema literari català. Al llarg d’aquest estudi es farà evident la relació de retroalimentació que mantenen entre si els diversos textos analitzats, el paper de les tragèdies clàssiques com a hipotextos principals de les recreacions catalanes, i el fet que la recreació d’aquest mite implica, sovint, un intent d’actualització del gènere tràgic.This PhD research studies several recreations of Electra’s myth in Catalan contemporary theatre, and relates them to the classical versions. It also takes into account certain contemporary re-writings of the myth made within other cultures, which could be considered a model. Although special focus will be put on original recreations of the myth written in Catalan during the 20th and 21st centuries, we will also consider the essential role played by translations and adaptations from classical texts when introducing Electra’s topic into Catalan literary system. This research will show the mutual influence among the different texts analyzed in the thesis, as well as the role played by classical tragedies as main hypotexts for Catalan recreations and the fact that recreations of the myth often imply an attempt to update tragedy as a genre.
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Spedalieri, Francesca. "Seeing the Unseen, Staging the Unspoken: The Gender Politics and Political Language of Emma Dante’s Theatre in the Berlusconi Era (1994-2011)." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1480594504188268.
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Lelanuja, Orada. "Savitri - From Epic Poem to Stage Plays: Translation and Adaptation, Translation Issues, and the Passage From India." Connect to this document online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1123094121.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Theatre, 2005.Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [1], ii, 129 p. : ill. Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-129).
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Vatain-Corfdir, Julie. "Traduire la lettre vive, vers une approche théorique de la traduction théâtrale : l’exemple du duo dans le répertoire britannique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040262.
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Cette thèse propose une réflexion théorique et esthétique sur la traduction du théâtre, à partir d’un corpus de scènes à deux personnages (duos et duels) tirées du répertoire britannique, de l’époque élisabéthaine à nos jours. Selon la démarche traductologique recommandée par Antoine Berman, un parcours historique des théories fait d’abord ressortir la nécessité croissante, dans la pensée de la traduction, de prendre en compte les exigences spécifiques posées par le genre du texte — par sa forme et par son usage. S’impose alors un travail de définition du langage dramatique comme matière vivante et sonore, qui concentre les effets et prépare l’incarnation. Ceci conduit à l’analyse détaillée de sa traduction, depuis l’expressivité des phonèmes jusqu’aux grandes articulations de toute la scène et aux rapports qui s’établissent entre la voix de personnages venus d’ailleurs et l’écoute du public. La traduction participe ainsi à la recréation de l’œuvre théâtrale, tout en permettant d’explorer sa nature paradoxale, entre le dit et l’écritThe aim of this thesis is to provide a theoretical and aesthetic background for the translation of theatre, basing the analysis on a corpus of two-character scenes (love scenes, duels or witty dialogues), from the Elisabethan age to contemporary British authors. Following the method for translation analysis recommended by Antoine Berman, the thesis begins with a historical overview of translation theories which highlights the growing need to take into account the demands of each genre in terms of form as well as use. It is then necessary to define the language of theatre as acting matter—words which are efficient, resonant, and alive. This leads to a detailed analysis of their translation, from the expressivity of phonemes to the mechanics of a whole scene and to the relationship between the voices of foreign characters and the audience’s perception. Thus, translation becomes a way of participating in the recreation of a dramatic work of art, while providing a way to explore its paradoxical nature, halfway between the spoken word and the written word
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Pelegri, Kristic Andrea. "L'invisibilité de la traduction dans la scène chilienne : les relations entre le texte théâtral traduit et les pratiques scéniques de metteurs en scène et acteurs de Santiago du Chili (2014-2016)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100021/document.
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Cette recherche vise à analyser et décrire les questions entourant les relations entre les textes de théâtre traduits (d'une langue étrangère quelconque vers l'espagnol du Chili) et les metteurs en scène et les acteurs dans des pratiques scéniques chez quatre metteurs en scène chiliens entre 2014 et 2016. Les processus de création observés sont : Un enemigo del pueblo (Un ennemi du peuple), de Henrik Ibsen, en version de Bosco Cayo, mise en scène de Laurène Lemaitre et Nicolás Espinoza; Los padres terribles (Les Parents terribles) de Jean Cocteau, mise en scène d'Omar Morán; et La soga (Rope) de Patrick Ha-milton, dirigé par Luis Ureta. À partir de l'idée que le texte théâtral traduit dans le contexte des prati-ques scéniques spécifiques (traduction for the stage) présente une série de problèmes de traduction qui lui sont spécifiques par rapport aux autres textes, cette recherche suggère que la question et le pro-blème autour de la traduction dans les processus avec des textes traduits sont généralement invisibles pour les acteurs et metteurs en scène. Dans plusieurs cas, le texte étranger est lu comme s'il s'agissait d'un texte chilien ou en espagnol. Cependant, le texte théâtral traduit, dans une certaine mesure, dé-termine et influence à la fois les choix de mise en scène (le travail du metteur en scène) et la corpori-sation (le travail de l'acteur). Cette recherche propose aussi un outil d'analyse des processus créatifs avec des textes traduits. Il s'agit d'une méthode empirique, appelée "modèle des strates de média-tion". Ce modèle comprend la traduction théâtrale pour la scène comme un processus d'interpréta-tion, à la fois intralinguistique, interlinguistique et intersémiotique, en analysant tous les signes de la scène qui participent à la construction d'un texte spectaculaire finalThis research seeks to analyse and describe the problems surrounding the relationships established between translated theatrical texts (from a foreign language into Chilean Spanish) and directors and actors, in the performances of four directors from Santiago de Chile, between 2014 and 2016. The corpus consists of three performances: Un enemigo del pueblo (An Enemy of the People), by Henrik Ibsen, adapted by Bosco Cayo, and directed by Laurène Lemaitre and Nicolás Espinoza; Les parents terribles (Intimate Relations) by Jean Cocteau, directed by Omar Morán; and Patrick Hamilton's La soga (Rope), directed by Luis Ureta. Based on the premise that the translated theatrical text, in the context of spe-cific performance practices (i.e., translation "for the stage"), presents a series of specific translation problems, this research suggests that the question for and the problem of translation, for an important number of Chilean directors and actors, is usually invisible. In fact, the translated text is usually equa-ted in almost every way with a Spanish or native text. However, the translated theatrical text, to a greater or lesser degree, determines and influences both staging choices (the director's job) and the performer's embodiment (the actor's work). As a tool for the analysis of creative processes with trans-lated texts, an empirical method is proposed. It is called "the model of the strata of mediation," which understands the theatrical translation for the stage as an interpretive process, at the same time inter, intralinguistic and intersemiotic. This process involves all the stage signs for the construction of a final spectacular text
La presente investigación busca analizar y describir las problemáticas en torno a las relaciones esta-blecidas entre texto teatral traducido (de un idioma extranjero al español de Chile) y directores y acto-res, en prácticas escénicas de cuatro directores de Santiago de Chile entre 2014 y 2016. Los procesos observados son: Un enemigo del pueblo, de Henrik Ibsen, versión Bosco Cayo, dirigido por Laurène Le-maitre y Nicolás Espinoza; Los padres terribles de Jean Cocteau, dirigida por Omar Morán; y La soga de Patrick Hamilton, dirigida por Luis Ureta. A partir de la premisa que el texto teatral traducido, en el contexto de prácticas escénicas específicas (es decir, for the stage), presenta una serie de problemas de traducción que le son específicos en relación a otro tipo de textos, la presente investigación plantea como hipótesis que la pregunta y el problema de la traducción en torno al texto teatral traducido, para un buen número de directores y actores chilenos, suele ser invisible, siendo equiparado en casi todo sentido a un texto en su lengua nativa. Sin embargo, el texto teatral traducido, en mayor o menor gra-do, determina e influye tanto las elecciones de escenificación (labor del director), como de construc-ción actoral (trabajo del actor). Como herramienta de análisis de los procesos creativos con textos traducidos, se plantea un método empírico, llamado "modelo de los estratos de mediación", el que entiende a la traducción teatral for the stage como un proceso interpretativo, a la vez inter, intralingüís-tica e intersemiótico, que involucra a todos los signos escénicos para la construcción de un texto es-pectacular final
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Kidder, Christopher O. "The Young Lady's Consent." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/628.
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This play is a translation and adaptation of a Spanish play originally written in 1806 by Leandro Fernández de Moratín, El sí de las niñas. Because that play was not available to English-speaking actors, I translated the work directly from the original Spanish. The resulting manuscript was not the finished product of this play, however. Through a series of workshops with actors trained in a physical method of theatre I devised in order to modernize classic works to a more modern audience's tastes, the script morphed and grew into the play that follows.
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Fletcher, Narelle, University of Western Sydney, of Performance Fine Arts and Design Faculty, and School of Design. "The Role of the translator in theatre." THESIS_FPFAD_SD_Fletcher_N.xml, 1997. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/757.
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The author approaches the subject of translating for theatre both as a theatre practitioner and professional translator working in three languages. Translation is generally regarded as process of linguistic transfer from one language to another language in written form. Theatrical texts are an unique literary form because their written form is a base, anchor and springboard for the text in performance. Until recently, translation studies have tended to oscillate between lofty pronouncements which remain too general to be easily applicable to the practical task of translating and close textual analysis which may appear fastidious and overly specific. The art of translation has often wanted to call itself a science, thereby ostensibly increasing its credibility. However nowhere more in the context of theatre can it be justifiably called an art, with all that entails in terms of subjectivity, cultural bias and transitory or timeless validity. There is no such thing as a perfect translation. Translation is a process of endless learning. Several translation theorists have offered broad categorisations or lengthy rationalised lists to help define the parameters of this most tangible practice. No such lists exist which addressed the specific criteria of translation for theatre. Through personal experience and critical reflection, this thesis will offer the beginning of a blueprint which may be useful for translators working in this fieldMaster of Arts (Hons)(Performance)
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Fletcher, Narelle Genet Jean Dorst Tankred. "The role of the translator in theatre /." View thesis, 1999. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030910.105959/index.html.
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Al-Bassam, Sulayman. "Adapting Shakespearean drama for and in the Middle East : process and product." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/21087.
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This dissertation chronicles the development of a series of plays, collectively referred to as The Arab Shakespeare Trilogy, from the perspective of their playwright Sulayman Al-Bassam. Together, The Al-Hamlet Summit (2002-2005), Richard III, An Arab Tragedy (2007-2009), and The Speaker's Progress (2011-2012) register the eruptive social, political, and cultural contexts of the Arab world during the first decade of the twenty-first century while negotiating the adaptation of Shakespeare's plays to a form thought-provoking and entertaining to audiences both within and outside the Middle East. The document outlines the inception of the project, which includes both personal and historical context, and provides more specific commentary on the production of each play individually. In addition to its focus on the specific impact of 9/11, and its global consequences, on the development of these dramatic works, it attends to topics including the technical and ideological challenges of linguistic and cultural translation, the adaptation of Shakespeare in Arabic theatre, the politics of art and drama in the Arab world, and the involvement of art in the shaping of the ethics of cross-cultural representation. Of particular interest are the linguistic conditions bearing upon the adaptation of English language texts into multi-lingual and cross- cultural works, the effects of the globalisation of politics and media, and the international touring life of the plays between the Arab region and wider world. The play texts of the Trilogy make up the second part of the document. The methodology of this dissertation deploys historical contextualisation, autobiographical memoir, literary analysis and creative improvisation. The play-texts are dramatic adaptations of specific Shakespeare texts to the Arab world.
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Morris, Shana Michelle McDaniel. "Alejandro Ricano's Idiots Contemplating the Snow: The Challenges of Translating Mexican Theater." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32243.
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The purpose of this thesis is to introduce a young Mexican dramatist and to situate his plays within the context of contemporary Mexican theater, highlighting how Alejandro Ricano's work reflects and differs from his theatrical heritage. Later in the introduction, I describe the theoretical framework and the process that I followed in translating Idiots Contemplating the Snow.Master of Arts
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Silva, Filho Nivaldo Rodrigues da. "A PERSONAGEM-SIGNO REI LEAR/HIDETORA: intermidialidades e tradução intersemiótica da personagem rei em Shakespeare e Kurosawa." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2008. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2149.
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Previous issue date: 2008-04-15In a general way this work tries to construct a morphological signs of the charactersking Lear and Hidetora, respectively in Shakespeare s King Lear (1606) and Japanese film director Kurosawa s film Ran (1985). Kurosawa can be considered as one of the main contemporary film maker who through his films brings an understanding through the intersemiotic translation as sign characters. This theoretical and analytical construction, construction that is the sign-character, looks forward to pass through a coherent system of generator of signs at the level of icons. From index to the symbols, there is a deep understanding of significations which in each character composes the interior and the interrelationship in each work. Thus these sign movements of each sign character are understood as a reciprocal constellation and at the same time it provokes the sentiments and meanings present in the characters-type (Lear and Hidetora). Thus, this proposal that culminates sign character finds theoretical and methodological support from the discussion which globalizes the aspects of intersemiotic translation proposed by Julio Plaza and Andre Lefevere, among others, in the context of signs theory described by Pierce and well supported in theorization and approaches about the characters and the inter discursive and schizophrenic aspect. Initially we present the formative purpose of sign characters through the examples taken from various productions in distinct languages (such as video clips, HQ, animation and cinema). Then we configure a comparative and relational space to proceed with a denominated analysis of enunciative scenes which assumes the sign action of the characters of the literary work and the film. Having the vectors, as the elements; death, power and metamorphosing the old age, the action of sign character indicates a double functionality, primarily, as a form of verifying the dynamic signs of characters in their environment, and an ample understanding related to the performance of the sign characters away from the orbit, from their initial support.
De maneira geral, este trabalho objetiva produzir uma morfologia sígnica das personagens-tipo rei Lear e Hidetora, respectivamente das obras King Lear (1606), de Shakespeare e Ran (1985) - filme que confirma Kurosawa como um dois principais cineastas contemporâneos -, conduzido-as a uma compreensão dentro da ambiência da tradução intersemiótica como personagem-signo. Desta construção teórico-analítica que é a personagem-signo, procura-se atravessar o sistema coerente de signos geradores de imagens no nível do ícone, do índice e do símbolo a uma ampla compreensão da significação que cada personagem compõe no interior inter-relacional de cada obra-abrigo. Com isso, tais movimentos sígnicos da personagem-signo passam a ser compreendidos como uma constelação recíproca e ao mesmo tempo formadora de sentidos, significados e significações presente nas personagens-tipos rei (Lear e Hidetora). A proposta que encerra a personagemsigno encontra suporte teórico-metodológico-analítico a partir da discussão que engloba teoricamente os aspectos da Tradução Intersemiótica nas postulações de Júlio Plaza, André Lefevere entre outros; na teoria dos signos descrita por Pierce, bem como se ampara nas teorizações e abordagens sobre a Personagem, a Interdiscursividade e a Esquizoanálise. Apresentamos inicialmente o escopo formativo da personagem-signo por meio de exemplos retirados em diversas produções de distintas linguagens (videoclipe, HQ, animações e cinema), em seguida, configuramos um espaço comparativo e relacional para proceder com a análise denominado de Cenas Enunciativas que reveste a ação sígnica da personagem da obra literária e do filme, tendo como vetores os elementos: morte, poder e sagrado, metaforizados na velhice. A ativação da personagem-signo indica uma dupla funcionalidade: primeiramente, como forma de verificar o dinamismo sígnicos das personagens em seus ambientes primários, e, segundo, ao assegurar uma compreensão ampliada e relacionada da performance dos signos das personagens para além da órbita de seus suportes iniciais.
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Kreun, Alexis. "Translating Theater: An Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Translating Literary Texts." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297662.
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The following two plays were originally written in Spanish by Professor Ana Perches. They focus on historical and contemporary issues in Mexican-American society and contain interesting perspectives into events such as the Mexican Revolution and the Vietnam War. These works, which initially were available only to Spanish-speaking audiences, have been translated so that monolingual English speakers can now better understand and appreciate the culture of our neighbors to the south. In addition to the two plays, this thesis includes a reflection upon the theory of translation involved while completing this project and a presentation of the challenges confronted.
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Edy, Delphine. "Le réalisme et son double au théâtre. Thomas Ostermeier, mise en scène et recréation." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL150.
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Les mises en scène récentes de T. Ostermeier explorent les liens entre littérature et art théâtral pour questionner, à l’aide d’un réalisme complexe qu’il réinvente, ce que les œuvres ont à dire de la réalité politique et sociale de notre présent. Il privilégie toujours pour cela des espaces entre qui permettent de briser la rigidité d’un respect littéral étouffant et de faire dialoguer le passé et le présent, l’actuel et le virtuel, le proche et le lointain. A la surface visible, son réalisme articule la profondeur invisible qui dédouble le réel en explorant sa spectralité à travers les personnages eux-mêmes, leur mémoire, leurs fantômes ; leur langue qui, entre traduction et retravail, crie le non-dit, le refoulé, l’absence ; l’espace des lieux-seuils, des (non)-lieux et des passages, des images du hors-scène, trop présent, ou de l’intime, insaisissable ; et même la musique dont les échos démultiplient les réseaux de sens. C’est dans la hantise de ces doubles que T. Ostermeier cherche à reconstruire un sens qui ne fasse pas abstraction des fêlures ni des fractures. Son travail doit être analysé comme une œuvre autonome qui convoque l’œuvre littéraire support pour la faire parler à nouveau, lui faire dire à nos oreilles d’aujourd’hui la douleur intemporelle du réel et l’espoir politique de reconstruire ce présent. La « déterritorialisation » constante du théâtre de T. Ostermeier, assumée, donne corps aux spectres qui sont l’autre nom de notre réalité pour que nous, spectateurs, puissions, finalement, nous en saisir. Refusant un théâtre et une littérature qui ne font qu’interpréter le monde, il s’agit pour T. Ostermeier de faire dialoguer l’un et l’autre pour le transformerIn his recent productions, T. Ostermeier investigates the links between literature and drama with complex, renewed realism to question what insights the works of the past can give us into today’s political and social reality. He always favours the in-betweens which enable him to break through the stifling inflexibility of literal interpretation and initiates a dialogue between the past and the present, the actual and the virtual, what is close at hand and what is distant. His realism connects the visible surface of reality to its invisible depth – its double. He delves into this spectrality by focusing on the characters’ memory, their ghosts; on their language, hanging between translation and reworking, as their unsaid, repressed words speak loud; on space viewed as space between – thresholds, somewhere/nowhere, passages, pictures of all too present off-stage scenes or of elusive intimacy; on music too, echoing meaning in multiple layers. These ghost-like doubles are T. Ostermeier’s material to rebuild a meaningful present without ignoring its cracks and fault lines. His productions should be analysed as an autonomous oeuvre which calls on literary works to make sense afresh, to voice the painful, timeless experience of the real and the political hope to rebuild the present. His constantly ‘deterritorialising’ theatre substantiates our ghosts – the flipside of our reality – so that we, spectators, may finally get a grasp on them. T. Ostermeier will not confine theatre and literature to merely interpreting the world, he wants them to dialogue in order to transform it
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Yazici, Ezgi. "Theater In Nineteenth Century Istanbul: Cases For The Translation Of An Architectural Typology." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612683/index.pdf.
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As far as the traditional Turkish theater does not refer to any architectural structurethe theater buildings that are built during the nineteenth century are identified with the ideals of modernity and treated as the literally translations of the Western typologies.This study aims to investigate the possbility of a geniune architectural language in the theaters of nineteeenth century Istanbul. While doing this, rather than offering a pure formal analysis,the study concentrates on the cultural panorama of the nineteenth century Istanbul, political and ideological changes, international relations, economic downturn and their impact on theater that starts to appear as a popular leisure time activity of the capital of the Ottoman Empire.
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Alonso, Michelle. "We Are Standing in the Nick of Time: Translative Relevance in Anne Carson's "Antigonick"." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2509.
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The complicated issues surrounding translation studies have seen growing attention in recent years from scholars and academics that want to make it a discipline and not a minor branch of another field, such as linguistics or comparative literature. Writ large with Antigonick, Carson showcases the recent Western push towards translation studies in the American academy. By offering up a text that is chaotic in its presentation, she bypasses the rigid idea of univocality. By giving the text discordant images, she betrays the failed efficacy of sign and signification, and by choosing a text to be performed and mutually participated in, she exceeds ideas of the individual subject as the site of authorship. Ultimately, Carson enacts a theory of translation that critically deconstructs translation itself.
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Soares, Marina Peixoto 1985. "As Rãs, de Aristófanes : introdução, tradução e notas." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270757.
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Orientador: Flávio Ribeiro de OliveiraDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a comédia grega As Rãs, do poeta Aristófanes (c. 450 a.C.). Nosso principal objetivo é a realização da tradução da peça para o português, buscando preservar as características do estilo do autor e os efeitos cômicos que predominam nas obras do gênero. Além da tradução, elaboramos também uma introdução à peça, visando esclarecer alguns aspectos relacionados à obra que nos pareceram relevantes para sua compreensão durante nossa pesquisa. Por fim, apresentamos alguns comentários que abordam a visão da crítica contemporânea a respeito dessa comédia de Aristófanes
Abstract: The subject of this research is the Greek comedy Frogs, by Aristophanes (c. 450 a.C). Our main goal is the accomplishment of the translation of the play to the Portuguese language, trying to preserve the characteristics of the author¿s style and the comic effects that predominate in the works of this kind. Besides the translation, we also elaborate an introduction to the play, with the aim of clarifying some aspects related to the comedy that seemed relevant to us during our research. At last, we present some commentaries that approach the contemporary criticism of this play
Mestrado
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Mestra em Linguística
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Benshalom, Yotam. "Performing translation : theatrical theory and its relevance to textual transfer." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/54366/.
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The fundamental similarity between translation and acting can be summarized by the words of translator Ralph Manheim: ‘translators are like actors: we speak lines by someone else’ (cited in Stavans 1998: 176). This common metaphor is a useful tool for translation practitioners and researchers. Although it cannot be fully exhausted, it can be further clarified, analysed and developed by looking into modern and pre-modern theories of theatrical performance, examining their compatibility and incompatibility with the world of translation practice and theory. The first chapter of this thesis deals with mimetic representation in translation and in performance. The issue of disguising oneself as someone else while performing or translating raises practical problems. They are discussed here in relation to the opposite approaches to acting suggested by Denis Diderot and Constantin Stanislavski. The following chapter deals with radical goals of theatrical and textual representations, and discusses ethical and political strategies in relation to Bertolt Brecht and Lawrence Venuti. The next chapter deals with spiritual and metaphysical goals of theatrical and textual representations, and discusses them in relation to Jerzi Grotowski and Walter Benjamin. The final chapter explores the common ground between theatrical space and norms of translation, and shows that in many ways, the use of theatrical space, confining performers yet channelling their communication with their spectators, functions in similar fashion to translation norms.
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Bvuma, Mugwambana Joseph. "Nkoka wa vuhundzuluxi eka matsalwa hi ku knogomisa eka tsalwa ra Macbeth (Kandziyiso wa Xitsonga." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2361.
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Selmane, Moussa Youcef. "Modern Algerian theatre : translations and critical analysis of three plays by Kateb Yacine, Abdelkader Alloula and Slimane Benaissa." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1989. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/830/.
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This thesis argues that the assumption that there is no tradition of theatre or the performing arts in general in the Arab World because Islam does not allow figurative arts is not well founded. It shows how and why new theatrical trends have emerged in the Arab World and have become successful. Thus, the study starts with Chapter One - 'The Arab World And Theatical Tradition' - which is a general survey of Arab theatre including aspects of performance arts throughout history. This is followed by a survey of the emergence and development of modern Algerian theatre in which the factors behind this emergence and the success of the three trends described in this study are analysed. These are illustrated through three plays by three major contemporary playwrights in three similar sections each including a biography of the author with particular emphasis on his theatre career and his views on theatre in Algeria and an annotated translation of a selected play followed by a commentary. A major concern of this work has been to make available through original translations important plays from the contemporary Algerian theatre that have not previously been published. Chapter Two deals with Kateb Yacine and includes three parts: a) The life of Kateb Yacine - b) An annotated translation of Falistin Maghdura (Palestine Betrayed). - c) A commentary on the play. Chapter Three deals with Abdelkader Alloula and includes a) The life of the playwright - b) An annotated translation of Al-Ajwad (The Story of The Generous People - c) A commentary on the play. Chapter Four deals with Slimane Benaissa and includes: a) The life of the playwright - b) An annotated translation of Bu-lam zid Al-Guddam (Carry on Bu-lam- c) A commentary on the play. The thesis closes with concluding observations.
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Barrera, Gutierrez Olivia. "Cleopatra y Antonio: a Critical Study and a Creative Writing Project based on Shakespeare's Anthony and Cleopatra (1623)." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1584016082083613.
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Boyd, Johnathon D. "Wrighting Back to Spain: Constructing Latina/o Identities Through Translation, Adaptation, and Staging of Pedro Calderón de la Barca’s La vida es sueño." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1370944488.
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