Academic literature on the topic 'Thebes (Greece) in art'

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Journal articles on the topic "Thebes (Greece) in art"

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Aravantinos, Vassilis L., Ioannis Fappas, and Yannis Galanakis. "ATOP THE KADMEIA: MYCENAEAN ROOF TILES FROM THEBES IN CONTEXT." Annual of the British School at Athens 115 (November 17, 2020): 175–245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s006824542000009x.

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Questions were raised in the past regarding the use of Mycenaean tiles as ‘roof tiles’ on the basis of the small numbers of them recovered in excavations and their overall scarcity in Mycenaean domestic contexts. The investigation of the Theodorou plot in 2008 in the southern part of the Kadmeia hill at Thebes yielded the single and, so far, largest known assemblage per square metre of Mycenaean tiles from a well-documented excavation. This material allows, for the first time convincingly, to identify the existence of a Mycenaean tiled roof. This paper presents the results of our work on the Theodorou tiles, placing emphasis on their construction, form and modes of production, offering the most systematic study of Mycenaean tiles to date. It also revisits contexts of discovery of similar material from excavations across Thebes. Popular as tiles might have been in Boeotia, and despite their spatially widespread attestation, their use in Aegean Late Bronze Age architecture appears, on the whole, irregular with central Greece and the north-east Peloponnese being the regions with the most sites known to have yielded such objects. Mycenaean roof tiles date mostly from the mid- and late fourteenth century bc to the twelfth century bc. A study of their construction, form, production and contexts suggests that their role, apart from adding extra insulation, might have been one of signposting certain buildings in the landscape. We also present the idea that Mycenaean tile-making was guided by a particular conventional knowledge which was largely influenced by ceramic-related technologies (pottery- and drain-making). While production of roof tiles might have been palace-instigated to begin with, it does not appear to have been strictly controlled. This approach to Mycenaean tile-making may also help explain their uneven (in terms of intensity of use) yet widespread distribution.
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ROCHE, HELEN. "THE PECULIARITIES OF GERMAN PHILHELLENISM." Historical Journal 61, no. 2 (December 18, 2017): 541–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x17000322.

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AbstractStudies of German philhellenism have often focused upon the idealization of Greece by German intellectuals, rather than considering the very real, at times reciprocal, at times ambivalent or even brutal, relationship which existed between contemporary Germans and the Greek state from the Greek War of Independence onwards. This review essay surveys historiographical developments in the literature on German philhellenism which have emerged in the past dozen years (2004–16), drawing on research in German studies, classical philology and reception studies, Modern Greek studies, intellectual history, philosophy, art history, and archaeology. The essay explores the extent to which recent research affirms or rebuts that notion of German cultural exceptionalism which posits a HellenophileSonderweg– culminating in the tyranny of Germany over Greece imposed by force of arms under the Third Reich – when interpreting the vicissitudes of the Graeco–German relationship. The discussion of new literature touches upon various themes, including Winckelmann reception at the fin-de-siècle and the anti-positivist aspects of twentieth-century philhellenism, the idealization of ‘Platonic’ homoeroticism in the Stefan George-Kreis, the reciprocal relationship between German idealist philhellenism and historicism, and the ways in which German perceptions of modern Greece's materiality have constantly been mediated through idealized visions of Greek antiquity.
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Kanellopoulos, Chrysanthos, and Manolis Petrakis. "Cella alignment and 4th century BC Doric peripteral temple architecture in Mainland Greece." Opuscula. Annual of the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome 11 (November 2018): 169–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.30549/opathrom-11-09.

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This article examines 4th-century BC Doric architecture, dealing with the cella position in relation to the design of the peristasis. Divergences from the theoretical principles are recorded and the reasons dictating the aesthetics as well the traditions are examined. A categorization of Doric peripteral temples is put forward and five peripteral temples are discussed in detail, with new drawings offered; the temple on the Leprean acropolis, the Temple of Asclepios at Gortyn, the Temple of Apollo Ismenios at Thebes, the Temple of Apollo at Mount Ptoion, and the so-called Temple of Hippolytos at Troizen. It is inferred that the previously reconstructed Ionic axial cohesion in the temples under examination has taken into account neither the principles of the Doric order, nor the correct sizes of the elements. An argued evaluation of the physical evidence is necessary for reconstructing the implemented ground-plans. By taking the above into consideration and by re-examining the existing foundations, it is possible to reconstruct features such as the lower diameter of the pronaos columns, the width of the antae, the thickness of the cella and pronaos walls, the cella width and the angular contraction. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the rules to which the 4th century BC peripteral temples tend to conform and to investigate the reasons that led to their formation. It is proposed that reconstructing the roofing systems is the key to a cohesive system of correspondence.
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Nikolaidou, Afroditi, and Ifigeneia Mylona. "Promotional Greek screen industries: Branded entertainment in the digital age." Journal of Greek Media & Culture 6, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 241–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jgmc_00015_1.

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This article focuses on the specific field that merges advertising, screen entertainment, branding and promotion, namely branded entertainment, in an attempt to localize and contextualize the processes, texts, paratexts and discourses that lead to the building of branded worlds and communities, during the period of the Greek financial crisis, since 2009. It presents data from interviews with film and advertising professionals about the past of the synergy between cinema and the advertising industry. Additionally, a number of recent audio-visual campaigns by advertising agency Ogilvy Greece are analysed. Taking into consideration the long-standing proximity between Greek promotional industries and cinema, and its more recent framing as a product of media convergence, this article adopts a screen industries perspective on branded entertainment in Greece. As such, it demonstrates the ways in which the latter has been influenced by particular production cultures characterized by a merging between art cinema and television authorship, the inclusion of particular themes, especially prompted by the presence of creators who migrate from one medium to another.
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Draskic-Vicanovic, Iva. "Form as an expression of function." Theoria, Beograd 53, no. 4 (2010): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/theo1004073d.

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The paper offers an analysis of the aesthetic category to prepon, suitability, from an early antique period to contemporary revitalization of the same notion under the new name - function. The twentieth century architecture is the place of rebirth of the aesthetic category that gave intonation to the concept of beauty in pre - philosophical antique Greece, as well as to the philosophy of Socrates, Plato and Xenophon. Author's main theses are that the architecture is natural and logical birthplace of to prepon, that two main streams in contemporary architecture: organicism and geometrical rationalism have the same key notion in common - function and that suitability, or function as aesthetic category can be treated as a prysm for the central currents in contemporary art.
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Scaife, Ross. "The "Kypria" and Its Early Reception." Classical Antiquity 14, no. 1 (April 1, 1995): 164–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25000145.

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This article analyses the remains of the seventh-century epic known as the "Kypria" from literary as well as iconographical perspectives. The literary study of the "Kypria" includes a provisional reconstruction followed by a defense of the poem against many critics, beginning with Aristotle, who have found it tediously linear and unsophisticated. The "Kypria" apparently made artful use of catalogues, flashbacks, digressions, and predictions as traditional sources of epic poikilia. The second part of this study examines several (but not all) instances in which the "Kypria" influenced representational art of Archaic Greece. Study of the iconographical tradition often yields details which may be retrojected into the poem, albeit with varying degrees of certitude. The influence of the "Kypria" on the iconography of Greek art, especially pronounced considering the greater overall prestige of the Iliad and the Odyssey, is explained on the basis of the themes and purposes of the cyclic poem. First, the "Kypria" was so often translated into the visual medium because of the high number of potentially interesting subjects which it offered to artists. Second, Proklos commented that the poems of the epic cycle were later preserved less for their literary quality than for the concatenation of epic events which they preserved. In choosing to transfer this poetic tradition to their own media, archaic artists simultaneously evoked the powerful causality of the poem and, more importantly, alluded to the larger story of the Trojan War.
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Dotsika, Elissavet, Dimitra Ermioni Michael, Efstathios Iliadis, Petros Karalis, and Georgios Diamantopoulos. "Isotopic reconstruction of diet in Medieval Thebes (Greece)." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 22 (December 2018): 482–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2018.08.019.

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Lyle, Monique. "The Sober Bacchae: Dance as Phenomenal Limitation in Nietzsche." Dance Research 37, no. 1 (May 2019): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/drs.2019.0253.

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This essay seeks to dispel entrenched critical opinion regarding dance across Nietzsche's writings as representative of Dionysian intoxication alone. Taking as its prompt the riposte of Alain Badiou, ‘Nietzsche is miles away from any doctrine of dance as a primitive ecstasy’ and ‘dance is in no way the liberated bodily impulse, the wild energy of the body’, the essay uncovers the ties between dance and Apollo in the Nietzschean theory of art while qualifying dance's relation to Dionysus. Primarily through an analysis of The Dionysiac World View and The Birth of Tragedy, the essay seeks to illuminate enigmatic statements about dance in Nietzsche (‘in dance the greatest strength is only potential, although it is betrayed by the suppleness of movement’ and ‘dance is the preservation of orderly measure’). It does this through an elucidation of the specific function of dance in Nietzsche's interpretation of classical Greece; via an assessment of the difficulties associated with the Nietzschean understanding of the bacchanal; and lastly through an analysis of Nietzsche's characterization of dance as a symbol. The essay culminates in a discussion of dance's ties to Nietzschean life affirmation; here the themes of physico-phenomenal existence, joy and illusion in Nietzsche are surveyed.
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Lock, Peter. "The Frankish Towers of Central Greece." Annual of the British School at Athens 81 (November 1986): 101–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400020104.

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The Medieval towers of the former Duchy of Athens and Thebes—that is, the modern Nomes of Attica, Boeotia, Phokis, and Phthiotis—are described and analysed.With reference to their siting, their architectural details, and any associated features, together with an examination of any relevant documentary material, the dating, the affinities, and the function of the towers within the feudal landscape of mainland central Greece are discussed.
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Snigovska, Oksana, and Andriy Malakhiti. "“RED” ODESSA IN THE EYES OF N. KAZANDZAKIS: DOCUMENTARY-ARTISTIC TWO of the AUTHOR’s worlds (based on the travelogue «Traveling: Russia»)." Studia Linguistica, no. 15 (2019): 235–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/studling2019.15.235-249.

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The article explores the features of documentary works of art, in particular letters, articles, travel notes, newspaper publications, photo and video materials, which formed the basis of the travelogue «Travelling: Russia» by the Greek writer Nikos Kazantzakis. It describes his trips to the Soviet Union in the 20s of the XX century. A complex of themes and motives typical of travelogue, topos is considered, topographic plots focused on the presentation of facts and situations are highlighted. The subject of the image in travel notes and feature articles by N. Kazantzakis is practically everything that he sees and realizes / perceives and, of course, describes: topographic environment, the beauty of nature, mode of life, social relations and the psychology of people. The wandering figure, breaking away from usual life, overcoming the barrier of existence, which forces the author and readers to experience borderline states, ask extreme questions, seek for the answers, fulfilling the mission of the travelogue. Getting into other, unfamiliar conditions, the traveller either gets used to them, or evaluates them, transforming them for himself and for the others. Travelogue N. Kazantzakis «Traveling: Russia» does not always adequately reflect the real space of travel. The repeating routes of Greece – Odesa – Kiev trips by sea and further by rail receive different irradiation depending on optimistic (at the beginning of his philosophical and religious journey) or catastrophic with a touch of disappointment (at the end of his ideological search) premonitions of the author. So, the construction of the travelogue of the Greek writer was greatly influenced by previous trips to the same places. Nikos Kazantzakis often refers reader to facts of history, to cultural codes, to ideological oppositions, to personal memory. Oppositions Europe/Greece – Russia, Vienna – Odesa, Greeks – Russians / Ukrainians – Jews are interpreted nominally in the article, the main task of the writer seems to be a way out to the existential principles of the structure and transformation of person.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Thebes (Greece) in art"

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Rockwell, Nicholas Ryan. "The Boeotian army the convergence of warfare, politics, society, and culture in the classical age of Greece /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1680034161&sid=14&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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EFKLEIDOU, KALLIOPI. "SLAVERY AND DEPENDENT PERSONNEL IN THE LINEAR B ARCHIVES OF MAINLAND GREECE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1099923171.

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Furman, Michael Stephen. "Thebes, the Boeotian League, and central Greece : political and military development and interaction in the fourth century B.C." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12254.

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The history of central Greece in the fourth century BC has long been viewed through the lens of Athenian and Spartan interests which distorts the historical narrative and often misleads the reader regarding the causes and effects of events in this region. The following examination rejects this view and instead uses a regional approach to achieve new and unique understandings of major events in central Greece during the first half of the fourth century BC. The main focus of the examination is the internal developments of the Boeotian League and its interaction with the other states of central Greece. This refers to the relationship between Thebes and the other cities of Boeotia within the federal state as well as between the Boeotian League and Locris, Phocis, and Thessaly. These relationships, when assessed from a regional perspective using both literary and archaeological evidence, craft a new narrative for the political and military history of central Greece, a narrative which can be defined as ‘Boeotian.' In doing so, many long-standing ideas regarding this period will be challenged including ideological shifts within the government of Boeotia, motivations for the beginning of the Corinthian War, the historical importance of Pelopidas and Epaminondas, and the mechanisms of Boeotian supremacy in central Greece.
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Vollkommer, Rainer. "Herakles in the art of classical Greece." Oxford : Oxford University Committee for Archaeology, 1988. http://books.google.com/books?id=ur2fAAAAMAAJ.

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Stumpf, Joseph A. "Tourism in Roman Greece /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3115593.

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Bonga, Lily A. "Late Neolithic pottery from mainland Greece, ca. 5,300--4,300 B.C." Thesis, Temple University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3564797.

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The Late Neolithic (defined here as the LN I of Sampson1993 and Coleman 1992) is both the culmination and the turning point of Greek Neolithic culture from the preceding phases. It lasts some 1,000 years, from approximately 5,300 to 4,300 B.C. The ceramic repertoire of the Late Neolithic period in Greece is a tremendously diverse body of material. Alongside this diversity, other aspects of the ceramic assemblage, such as Matt-painted and Black-burnished pottery, share broad similarities throughout regions, constituting a " koine." The commanlities, however, are most apparent during the earlier part of the Late Neolithic (LN Ia); in the later phase (LN Ib) phase, more regional variations proliferate than before.

In the Late Neolithic, all categories of pottery—monochrome, decorated, and undecorated—are at their technological and stylistic acme in comparison with earlier periods. While some of the pottery types demonstrate unbroken continuity and development from the preceding Early and Middle Neolithic phases, new specialized shapes and painting techniques are embraced.

For the first time in the Neolithic, shapes appear that are typically thought of by archaeologists as being for food processing (strainers and "cheese-pots"), cooking (tripod cooking pots and baking pans), and storing (pithoi ). More recent research, however, has demonstrated that these "utilitarian" vessels were more often than not used for purposes other than their hypothesized function. These new "utilitarian" vessels were to dominate the next and last phase of the Neolithic, the Final Neolithic (also called the Chalcolithic, Eneolithic, or LN II) when painted pottery disappears from most Greek assemblages just before the beginning of the Bronze Age.

During the past two decades, there has been much research into Late Neolithic Greece, particularly in Northern Greece (Macedonia). This dissertation incorporates the most up-to-date information from these recent excavations with the older material from sites in Thessaly, Central Greece, and Southern Greece. Since this study draws solely upon published material, both old and new, there are certain limitations to the type of analysis that can be performed. The approach, then, is more of an art-historical and historiographical overview than a rigorous archaeological analysis. It provides an overview of the major classes of pottery (decorated, monochrome, and undecorated) and their primary shapes, motifs, and technological aspects. While it emphasizes commonalities, regional and chronological variations are also highlighted. The technological means of production of vessels, their use, circulation, and deposition are also considered.

The structure of this paper is that each pottery chapter is devoted to a broad class (such as Matt-painted), which is broadly defined and then more closely examined at the regional level for chronological and stylistic variations. Likewise, a sub-section then discusses the technology of a particular class and its regional and or chronological similarities and differences. When necessary, outdated scholarship is addressed and rectified.

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Spier, Jeffrey Bryan. "Minor arts and regional styles in East Greece, 700-500 B.C." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:76ecad5c-367b-4ea2-9f5d-ec248ddd1b31.

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This study attempts to establish a body of material that can be attributed to East Greek workshops in the Archaic period. All bronze work, ivory and wood carving, jewelry and works in precious metal, rings, engraved gems, and coins are categorized and discussed. A corpus of all these materials is intended, with the exception of coins, where only an outline for future work is suggested. Special attention is given to findsites, contexts, and chronological problems. Individual workshops for the various minor arts are identified, and their stylistic traits and development is discussed. In the seventh century, East Greek bronzework, ivories, and even iconography were dependent especially on the more advanced Mainland Greek schools as well as on Oriental models, but during the sixth century several distinctively Ionian stylizations and sculptural types were developed. Other minor arts, notably the jewelry in Ionia, were more innovative and appear to have been created late in the seventh century, perhaps under Lydian patronage. Gem engraving was a relatively late (mid-sixth century) orientalizing art that was quickly developed in East Greek schools, although they are difficult to localize. The extent of an East Greek koine style is also examined. In many cases, a common style is not shared by different media, but some distinctive stylizations, especially those based on sculptural prototypes in the sixth century, can occur in a range of minor arts.
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Loughlin, Eleanor. "Representations of the cow and calf in Minoan art." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9790.

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Research into the depiction of cattle in Minoan Art ha'i concentrated on representations of interaction between men and cattle, in particular, the images of bull sports. This emphasis has detracted from other types of cattle imagery. In this thesis the representation of the cow and calf in Minoan glyptic is assessed. Discussion of representation and meaning are of equal value, as a full understanding of the potential meaning of an image is dependent upon a detailed knowledge of what is represented. Specific anatomical and behavioural details described in the images are therefore compared with known physiological and behavioural characteristics. The Bronze Age representations are found to be very accurate and detailed in their description of the relationship between the cow and calf. Both the aesthetic and social contexts of the image are discussed in detail. The majority of representations of cows and calves are found on seals and sealings. The size, shape and restrictions of the medium as well as the range of potential uses of the stones (administrative, amuletic, jewellery) are considered. Fauna! evidence from Bronze Age Crete and accounts of cattle in Linear B texts confirm the importance of bovines as an integral part of the agricultural system as well as providing evidence of the range of cattle exploited. In discussing the potential meaning of the image, the survey draws on Bronze Age Aegean, Near Eastern and Egyptian evidence and later Greek (in particular Cretan) examples. Evidence from unrelated societies in which the cow is prominent is used as evidence of the diversity of possible meaning. The thesis concludes that it is not possible to categorise the image as specifically religious or secular; the range of potential meanings reflect the importance of the animal in all aspects of Minoan society.
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Tanner, Jeremy James. "The invention of art history : religion, society and artistic differentiation in ancient Greece." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296707.

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Bonga, Lily Alexandra. "Late Neolithic Pottery from Mainland Greece, ca. 5,300-4,300 B.C." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/236215.

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Art History
Ph.D.
The Late Neolithic (defined here as the LN I of Sampson 1993 and Coleman 1992) is both the culmination and the turning point of Greek Neolithic culture from the preceding phases. It lasts some 1,000 years, from approximately 5,300 to 4,300 B.C. The ceramic repertoire of the Late Neolithic period in Greece is a tremendously diverse body of material. Alongside this diversity, other aspects of the ceramic assemblage, such as Matt-painted and Black-burnished pottery, share broad similarities throughout regions, constituting a "koine." The commonalities, however, are most apparent during the earlier part of the Late Neolithic (LN Ia); in the later phase (LN Ib) phase, more regional variations proliferate than before. In the Late Neolithic, all categories of pottery--monochrome, decorated, and undecorated--are at their technological and stylistic acme in comparison with earlier periods. While some of the pottery types demonstrate unbroken continuity and development from the preceding Early and Middle Neolithic phases, new specialized shapes and painting techniques are embraced. For the first time in the Neolithic, shapes appear that are typically thought of by archaeologists as being for food processing (strainers and "cheese-pots"), cooking (tripod cooking pots and baking pans), and storing (pithoi). More recent research, however, has demonstrated that these "utilitarian" vessels were more often than not used for purposes other than their hypothesized function. These new "utilitarian" vessels were to dominate the next and last phase of the Neolithic, the Final Neolithic (also called the Chalcolithic, Eneolithic, or LN II) when painted pottery disappears from most Greek assemblages just before the beginning of the Bronze Age. During the past two decades, there has been much research into Late Neolithic Greece, particularly in Northern Greece (Macedonia). This dissertation incorporates the most up-to-date information from these recent excavations with the older material from sites in Thessaly, Central Greece, and Southern Greece. Since this study draws solely upon published material, both old and new, there are certain limitations to the type of analysis that can be performed. The approach, then, is more of an art-historical and historiographical overview than a rigorous archaeological analysis. It provides an overview of the major classes of pottery (decorated, monochrome, and undecorated) and their primary shapes, motifs, and technological aspects. While it emphasizes commonalities, regional and chronological variations are also highlighted. The technological means of production of vessels, their use, circulation, and deposition are also considered. The structure of this paper is that each pottery chapter is devoted to a broad class (such as Matt-painted), which is broadly defined and then more closely examined at the regional level for chronological and stylistic variations. Likewise, a sub-section then discusses the technology of a particular class and its regional and or chronological similarities and differences. When necessary, outdated scholarship is addressed and rectified.
Temple University--Theses
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Books on the topic "Thebes (Greece) in art"

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Schlangen: Die Geschichte der Stadt Theben. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1986.

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Schleef, Einar. Schlangen: Die Geschichte der Stadt Theben. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1986.

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Art, desire, and the body in ancient Greece. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

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Reeder, Ellen D. Pandora: Women in classical Greece. Baltimore, Md: Trustees of the Walters Art Gallery in association with Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 1995.

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Coming of age in ancient Greece: Images of childhood from the classical past. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2004.

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Franz, Jung, ed. Die Sagen von den Argonauten, von Theben und Troia in der klassischen und hellenistischen Kunst. München: Hirmer, 1989.

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Polis and personification in classical Athenian art. Leiden: Brill, 2011.

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Die Wirkung der Götter: Bilder mit Flügelfiguren auf griechischen Vasen des 6. und 5. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2011.

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Petrović, Zoran B. Hilandar na crtežima Zorana B Petrovića =: Hē Monē Chilandariou sta schedia tou Zoran B. Petrovits = Hilandar in the drawings of Zoran B. Petrovic. Beograd: Skupština grada, 1998.

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Dionysos in archaic Greece: An understanding through images. Leiden: Brill, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Thebes (Greece) in art"

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Tambakaki, Polina. "‘Art-Popular’ Song and Modern Greek Poets – Interactions and Ideologies." In Made in Greece, 55–64. New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315749075-7.

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Blanshard, Alastair J. L. "High Art and Low Art Expectations." In A Companion to Ancient Greece and Rome on Screen, 427–47. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118741382.ch19.

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Tzortzatou, Olga, and Anastasia Siapka. "Mapping the Biobank Landscape in Greece." In GDPR and Biobanking, 291–307. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49388-2_16.

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AbstractThe biobank landscape in Greece is mainly defined by tissue and data collections created in the course of clinical practice whose samples are subsequently repurposed for research. Given that there is no specific Greek biobank law, these collections have been so far governed through provisions drawn from the domestic civil and constitutional legal armamentarium concerning (biomedical) research as well as soft and hard EU and international laws. This chapter provides an empirical overview of the biobank landscape in Greece, describing existing biobanks and tissue collections potentially used for research in a non-exhaustive manner. Next, it explores how the Greek Law on the Protection of Personal Data envisages individuals’ rights in the context of biobanking research and how these rights are weighted against the public interest. Finally, it evaluates the potential impact of the GDPR on biobanking in Greece.
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Dolan, Marion. "Art, Architecture, and Astronomy in Classical Greece." In Decoding Astronomy in Art and Architecture, 147–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76511-8_11.

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Bakogianni, Anastasia. "Hollywood Meets Art-House Cinema." In A Companion to Ancient Greece and Rome on Screen, 161–85. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118741382.ch7.

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Barker, Andrew. "Public Music as ‘Fine Art’ in Archaic Greece." In Antiquity and the Middle Ages, 45–67. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21157-9_2.

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Tozer, Malcolm. "‘To the Glory that was Greece’: Classical Images in Public School Athleticism." In Leisure in Art and Literature, 109–29. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11353-8_9.

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Corniello, Luigi, Andronira Burda, Adriana Trematerra, Davide Carleo, Angelo De cicco, Martina Gargiulo, Fabiana Guerriero, and Gennaro Pio Lento. "The monastic heritage in the Saronic gulf (Greece). Architectural and environmental surveys of the architecture and coastline." In Proceedings e report, 28–37. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-147-1.04.

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The research itinerary is aimed at getting to know the monastic complexes in the Saronic Gulf (Greece) with operations of an investigative nature, to which are added references on religious and environmental themes which, in relation to architecture, expose the compositional and structural beauty of the Greek coastline. The study presents the survey of some Monasteries in the Saronic Gulf in southern Greece, such as the Monastery of the Spring Fountain on the island of Poros, the Monastery of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary on the island of Hydra and the Monastery of St. Nicholas in Spetses.
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Green-Cole, Ruth. "Painting Blood: Visualizing Menstrual Blood in Art." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies, 787–801. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_57.

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Abstract While there are isolated cases of reverence for menstruation, many societies impose a strict set of rules about the visualization of menstrual blood in art and visual culture. Green-Cole examines these hegemonic and patriarchal codes controlling discussion, commemoration, or visualization of menstruation, which have been internalized by millions of women worldwide as negative and shameful. One of the main tools used to maintain menstrual stigma is to erase the presence of the scene of menstruation in speech, image, and representation. Green-Cole argues that by publicly acknowledging menstruation and making it visible, the artworks discussed in this chapter are instrumental in undermining this stigma. She demonstrates how this process of undermining also changes what we assume to be the function and value of art. Finally, Green-Cole analyzes the ways in which artists have used paint to signify or stand in for blood as a challenge to the decorum of modernist formalism, which conveniently erased women’s issues.
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Hionidou, Violetta. "Physicians and Their Role: ‘Medicine Is a Form of Art’." In Abortion and Contraception in Modern Greece, 1830-1967, 291–317. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41490-0_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Thebes (Greece) in art"

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Malletzidou, Lamprini, Triantafyllia T. Zorba, Vaios Ganitis, Nikolaos Kyriakou, Eleni Pavlidou, and Konstantinos M. Paraskevopoulos. "Folk ecclesiastical art in Northern Greece: Characterization of a 17th century portable icon." In 10th Jubilee International Conference of the Balkan Physical Union. Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5091428.

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Zhu, Shiyi. "Poetic Justice and Its Inconsistencies Poetry As Tool for Moral Education in Ancient Greece." In 2nd International Conference on Language, Art and Cultural Exchange (ICLACE 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210609.020.

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f Švajlenka, Joze, Mária Kozlovská, and Marcela Spišáková. "GREEN AND ENERGY EFFICIENT SOLUTIONS IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/24.

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Ecology and environmental protection have been discussed more and more in the last few years. This trend was also affected by the construction and architecture department. Concepts such as green building, environmentally friendly materials, alternative energy sources and energy-efficient construction systems of buildings are depressed. All of this comes under the name "Green Buildings". Wood-based construction and material solutions are a response to these trends. Investors and users are gradually starting to think more environmentally friendly and therefore many times also make decisions for wood-based constructions. There are several systems that fall into the category of so-called crushed buildings. The aim of this work is to provide a look at the "greener" options offered in the construction industry with an emphasis on their energy and thermal characteristics. The subject of the research was selected structural parts of timber-based buildings applied to model constructions by means of which selected thermal-technical characteristics were evaluated. This work points out the differences between the compared design variants of wooden buildings in terms of their ability to effectively save energy sources for heating inserted during the operation of wood-based buildings.
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Scharlemann, Carsten Arthur, and Martin Tajmar. "Micropropulsion Development at the ARC Seibersdorf Research." In CANEUS 2006: MNT for Aerospace Applications. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/caneus2006-11006.

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The increasing application of micro-satellites (from 10 kg up to 100 kg) for a rising number of various missions demands the development of new miniaturized propulsion systems. Micro-satellites have special requirements for the propulsion system such as small mass, reduced volume, and very stringent electrical power constraints. Existing propulsion systems often can not satisfy these requirements. The Space Propulsion Department of the ARC Seibersdorf research dedicated itself to the development and test of various micropropulsion systems for present and future space missions. The portfolio of the systems under development includes electrical and chemical propulsion systems. The covered thrust and specific impulse of the developed propulsion systems ranges from 1μN to 1N and 500 s to 8000 s respectively. Based on the large experience obtained over several decades in the development of Field Emission Electric Propulsion systems (FEEP), several microstructured FEEPs have been developed. The design of these systems is presented as well as preliminary test results and a summarization of the experience obtained during the process of miniaturizing such systems. The development of miniaturized chemical propulsion systems includes a bipropellant and a monopropellant thruster. The bipropellant thruster constitutes the smallest existing 1N thruster utilizing hydrogen peroxide. The thruster system consists of two micopumps for the propellant feed and a microturbine to generate the power for operating the pumps. The monopropellant thruster is a derivative of the bipropellant thruster. It offers a lower specific impulse than the bipropellant system but due to its reduced system complexity it represents also a promising candidate for several future space missions. Both systems utilize rocket grade hydrogen peroxide (green propellant), which is decomposed with the help of an advanced monolithic catalyst. The present paper discusses the design methods and the physical limitations of such chemical propulsion systems with regard to their miniaturization and summarizes their performance evaluation.
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Penerliev, Milen. "GEO-SPATIAL PROBLEMS IN BULGARIA'S REGIONS BORDERING GREECE AND THEIR IMPACT ON TOURISM." In TOURISM AND CONNECTIVITY 2020. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/tc2020.116.

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The report focuses on geospatial issues in the border areas with Greece. These are the geographical location, the tourist location, the distribution of the border checkpoints, the relief, the transport network, etc. Border and mountain areas are defined. Border municipalities are analyzed by many parameters. The spatial distribution of the accommodation tourist base in the border municipalities is analyzed. Relevant conclusions and recommendations are indicated.
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Kasymov, D., V. Agafontsev, E. Loboda, Yu Loboda, and V. Reyno. "INTEGRATED EXPERIMENTAL STUDY USING INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY METHOD ON BEHAVIOR OF WOOD CONSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN FIRE CONDITIONS." In 9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NONEQUILIBRIUM PROCESSES, PLASMA, COMBUSTION, AND ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA. TORUS PRESS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/nepcap9a-27.

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In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires. The ignition of buildings in the WUI is a serious international problem due to large-scale fires in Australia, Greece, Portugal, Russia, and USA. In Russia, where forests occupy a large territory, the WUI fires are a national problem, and the damage to the real sector of the economy is tens and hundreds of million dollars per year.
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Hokao, Michita, and Atsushi Yokouchi. "Lubricating Characteristics of Fluorine Grease Containing Silica Nanoparticles." In STLE/ASME 2008 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2008-71088.

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Electrical motor bearings for use in automotive control units are sometimes exposed to high-temperature operating conditions. Therefore, these bearings are sometimes packed with fluorine grease in order to meet the demand for long service life performance. In recent years, there is growing demand for lower initial torque in these same bearings without sacrificing service life performance. This paper describes the effects of fluorine grease containing silica nanoparticles on initial bearing torque of electrical motor bearings. Silica nanoparticles are effective in helping to reduce amounts of initial bearing torque and help stabilize bearing torque due to improved channeling characteristics.
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Buchner, Bas, and Joaqui´n Lopez-Cortijo Garcia. "Design Aspects of Green Water Loading on FPSOs." In ASME 2003 22nd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2003-37162.

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Green water is a significant problem for floating ship-type offshore structures, which needs to be assessed in the early design of the structure. First the present paper summarises a new semi-empirical design evaluation procedure that can assist in this design process. Then the practical design considerations related to the green water problem are discussed. There are different ways to solve the green water problem for a particular structure at a specific location: • Design the vessel and structures on the deck against the predicted green water impact load levels. • Optimise the bow shape (underwater shape and above water bow flare). • Increase the freeboard height such that green water is prevented completely. • Increase the freeboard height such that the green water loads are reduced to acceptable levels and design for these load levels. • Optimise the structures on the deck to minimise the green water impact loads. • Use protecting breakwaters in front of critical structures on the deck. All these options have their advantages and disadvantages. The semi-empirical design evaluation method and the different design options are discussed in a case study, focussing on a new DP FPSO concept.
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Kernizan, Carl F., Carlos L. Cerda de Groote, and Melinda E. Bartlett. "KRL Thrust Bearing Rig: Effects of Test Conditions on Bearing Performance." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64266.

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This work explains and tests the relationship between tribological test conditions, grease rheology and the performance of grease lubricated tapered bearings. These conditions were simulated in a KRL thrust bearing rig, through six test sequences, which targeted the lubrication regimes depicted by the Stribeck-Hersey curve. Sequence completion, severity, grease type and loading determined bearing performance. The starved flow model together with grease rheology explained performance and matched a lubrication regime to each sequence. Grease type and loading are application dependent and are critical to meet performance and cost requirements.
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Balážová, Pavla. "GREEN DESIGN AND EDUCATION OF STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITIES IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b2/v3/42.

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"Buildings represent a sector with huge energy consumption. It is necessary to reduce this consumption, therefore green buildings have become a global trend in recent years. Green Building Councils in various countries, which are members of World Green Building Council global network, develop and administer many of the world’s ratings tools. World Green Building Council was founded in 1998. There are four predominate ranking systems: LED, BREEAM, GREEN STAR and CASBEE. Slovak Green Building Council was established in November 2010. The first green building in the Slovak Republic received LEED certification in 2012. In the paper it is referred to about 17 new and in-use green buildings in Slovakia which received in period 2012-2019 LEED or BREEAM certifications. In fact, there are more green buildings in Slovakia, where there is still the huge potential in applying a green concept in the sector of existing residential buildings and the public buildings sector. There is a lack of legislative and financial support instruments for green buildings in Slovakia, which are under the consideration and do not exist in practice. The BBC 1 Plus – Offices in Bratislava, the first certified green office building in Slovakia, which received in 2012 the second-highest certification – LEED Gold, is described and analysed in details. The necessity of improving the education process in the green design and sustainable architecture of students at Faculties of Civil Engineering and Faculties of Architecture is outlined. The plans for how it is possible to achieve it are presented."
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Reports on the topic "Thebes (Greece) in art"

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Führ, Martin, Julian Schenten, and Silke Kleihauer. Integrating "Green Chemistry" into the Regulatory Framework of European Chemicals Policy. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627727.

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20 years ago a concept of “Green Chemistry” was formulated by Paul Anastas and John Warner, aiming at an ambitious agenda to “green” chemical products and processes. Today the concept, laid down in a set of 12 principles, has found support in various arenas. This diffusion was supported by enhancements of the legislative framework; not only in the European Union. Nevertheless industry actors – whilst generally supporting the idea – still see “cost and perception remain barriers to green chemistry uptake”. Thus, the questions arise how additional incentives as well as measures to address the barriers and impediments can be provided. An analysis addressing these questions has to take into account the institutional context for the relevant actors involved in the issue. And it has to reflect the problem perception of the different stakeholders. The supply chain into which the chemicals are distributed are of pivotal importance since they create the demand pull for chemicals designed in accordance with the “Green Chemistry Principles”. Consequently, the scope of this study includes all stages in a chemical’s life-cycle, including the process of designing and producing the final products to which chemical substances contribute. For each stage the most relevant legislative acts, together establishing the regulatory framework of the “chemicals policy” in the EU are analysed. In a nutshell the main elements of the study can be summarized as follows: Green Chemistry (GC) is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Besides, reaction efficiency, including energy efficiency, and the use of renewable resources are other motives of Green Chemistry. Putting the GC concept in a broader market context, however, it can only prevail if in the perception of the relevant actors it is linked to tangible business cases. Therefore, the study analyses the product context in which chemistry is to be applied, as well as the substance’s entire life-cycle – in other words, the six stages in product innovation processes): 1. Substance design, 2. Production process, 3. Interaction in the supply chain, 4. Product design, 5. Use phase and 6. After use phase of the product (towards a “circular economy”). The report presents an overview to what extent the existing framework, i.e. legislation and the wider institutional context along the six stages, is setting incentives for actors to adequately address problematic substances and their potential impacts, including the learning processes intended to invoke creativity of various actors to solve challenges posed by these substances. In this respect, measured against the GC and Learning Process assessment criteria, the study identified shortcomings (“delta”) at each stage of product innovation. Some criteria are covered by the regulatory framework and to a relevant extent implemented by the actors. With respect to those criteria, there is thus no priority need for further action. Other criteria are only to a certain degree covered by the regulatory framework, due to various and often interlinked reasons. For those criteria, entry points for options to strengthen or further nuance coverage of the respective principle already exist. Most relevant are the deltas with regard to those instruments that influence the design phase; both for the chemical substance as such and for the end-product containing the substance. Due to the multi-tier supply chains, provisions fostering information, communication and cooperation of the various actors are crucial to underpin the learning processes towards the GCP. The policy options aim to tackle these shortcomings in the context of the respective stage in order to support those actors who are willing to change their attitude and their business decisions towards GC. The findings are in general coherence with the strategies to foster GC identified by the Green Chemistry & Commerce Council.
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Jung, Carina, Matthew Carr, Eric Fleischman, and Chandler Roesch. Response of the green June beetle and its gut microbiome to RDX and phenanthrene. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38799.

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Green June beetles are a cosmopolitan pest in the United States. Adults are voracious consumers of tree and vine fruit, while their larvae can dam-age and inadvertently consume root systems, particularly those of grasses, as they move through the soil and forage for detritus. Larvae ingest and process large volumes of soil while in the process of feeding. Due to their intimate contact with the soil it was hypothesized that soil contaminants that are known animal toxins would perturb the larval and affect their overall health and survival. Studies of this kind are important contribu-tions to the development of new model organisms and our understanding of interactions between the environment, contaminants, gut microbiome, and animal development, health, and survival. It is important to continue to develop relevant model organisms for monitoring toxicity as regulations for working with vertebrates becomes more prohibitive. In this study green June beetle larvae were exposed to RDX and phenanthrene through-out their entire soil-bound development, starting within the first few days of hatching through to their emergence as adults. The overall findings included that even at high concentrations, RDX and phenanthrene (25 ppm) exerted no significant effect on body weight or survival. Also, there was lit-tle apparent effect of RDX and phenanthrene on the bacterial microbiome, and no statistical association with measurable health effects. Nevertheless, the green June beetle is an interesting model for soil toxicity experiments in the future as is it easy to collect, house, and handle.
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Kolodziejczyk, Bart. Unsettled Issues Concerning the Use of Green Ammonia Fuel in Ground Vehicles. SAE International, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021003.

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While hydrogen is emerging as a clean alternative automotive fuel and energy storage medium, there are still numerous challenges to implementation, such as the economy of hydrogen production and deployment, expensive storage materials, energy intensive compression or liquefaction processes, and limited trial applications. Synthetic ammonia production, on the other hand, has been available on an industrial scale for nearly a century. Ammonia is one of the most-traded commodities globally and the second most-produced synthetic chemical after sulfuric acid. As an energy carrier, it enables effective hydrogen storage in chemical form by binding hydrogen atoms to atmospheric nitrogen. While ammonia as a fuel is still in its infancy, its unique properties render it as a potentially viable candidate for decarbonizing the automotive industry. Yet, lack of regulation and standards for automotive applications, technology readiness, and reliance on natural gas for both hydrogen feedstocks to generate the ammonia and facilitate hydrogen and nitrogen conversion into liquid ammonia add extra uncertainty to use scenarios. Unsettled Issues Concerning the Use of Green Ammonia Fuel in Ground Vehicles brings together collected knowledge on current and future prospects for the application of ammonia in ground vehicles, including the technological and regulatory challenges for this new type of clean fuel.
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Smith, Jijo K., Howell Li, and Darcy M. Bullock. Populating SAE J2735 Message Confidence Values for Traffic Signal Transitions Along a Signalized Corridor. Purdue University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317322.

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The communication between connected vehicles and traffic signal controllers is defined in SAE Surface Vehicle Standard J2735. SAE J2735 defines traffic signal status messages and a series of 16 confidence levels for traffic signal transitions. This paper discusses a statistical method for tabulating traffic signal data by phase and time of day and populating the SAE J2735 messages. Graphical representation of the red-green and green-yellow transitions are presented from six intersections along a 4-mile corridor for five different time of day timing plans. The case study provided illustrates the importance of characterizing the stochastic variation of traffic signals to understand locations, phases, and time of day when traffic indications operate with high predictability, and periods when there are large variations in traffic signal change times. Specific cases, such as low vehicle demand and occasional actuation of pedestrian phases are highlighted as situations that may reduce the predictability of traffic signal change intervals. The results from this study also opens up discussion among transportation professionals on the importance of consistent tabulation of confidence values for both beginning and end of green signal states. We believe this paper will initiate dialog on how to consistently tabulate important data elements transmitted in SAE J2735 and perhaps refine those definitions. The paper concludes by highlighting the importance of traffic engineers and connected vehicle developers to work together to develop shared visions on traffic signal change characteristics so that the in-vehicle use cases and human-machine interface (HMI) meet user expectations.
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Chidsey, Thomas C., David E. Eby, Michael D. Vanden Berg, and Douglas A. Sprinkel. Microbial Carbonate Reservoirs and Analogs from Utah. Utah Geological Survey, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ss-168.

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Multiple oil discoveries reveal the global scale and economic importance of a distinctive reservoir type composed of possible microbial lacustrine carbonates like the Lower Cretaceous pre-salt reservoirs in deepwater offshore Brazil and Angola. Marine microbialite reservoirs are also important in the Neoproterozoic to lowest Cambrian starta of the South Oman Salt Basin as well as large Paleozoic deposits including those in the Caspian Basin of Kazakhstan (e.g., Tengiz field), and the Cedar Creek Anticline fields and Ordovician Red River “B” horizontal play of the Williston Basin in Montana and North Dakota, respectively. Evaluation of the various microbial fabrics and facies, associated petrophysical properties, diagenesis, and bounding surfaces are critical to understanding these reservoirs. Utah contains unique analogs of microbial hydrocarbon reservoirs in the modern Great Salt Lake and the lacustrine Tertiary (Eocene) Green River Formation (cores and outcrop) within the Uinta Basin of northeastern Utah. Comparable characteristics of both lake environments include shallowwater ramp margins that are susceptible to rapid widespread shoreline changes, as well as compatible water chemistry and temperature ranges that were ideal for microbial growth and formation/deposition of associated carbonate grains. Thus, microbialites in Great Salt Lake and from the Green River Formation exhibit similarities in terms of the variety of microbial textures and fabrics. In addition, Utah has numerous examples of marine microbial carbonates and associated facies that are present in subsurface analog oil field cores.
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Gundacker, Roman. The Names of the Kings of the Fifth Dynasty According to Manetho. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/erc_stg_757951_r._gundacker_the_names_of_the_kings_of_the_fifth_dynasty.

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The names of the kings of the Fifth Dynasty may serve as a prototypical example for the re-evaluation of Manetho’s king-list: Userkaf, Sahure, Neferirkare, Shepseskare, Reneferef, Nirewoser, Djedkare-Isesi and Unas are all recorded in the king-list of Manetho as transmitted by Sextus Julius Africanus according to the Ecloga chronographiae of George Syncellus. Although the names as preserved have obviously suffered on a long way of copying manuscripts over and over again, a closer look at the Greek transcriptions reveals the high quality and the still unbroken relevance of Manetho’s Aegyptiaca for modern Egyptological scholarship, when dealing with chronology, onomastics and linguistics. As will be shown, there is a line, identifiable with variable degrees of difficultly but finally clearly discernible, which leads all the way down from the Old Kingdom to Manetho’s Aegyptiaca.
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Sheridan, Anne. Annual report on migration and asylum 2016: Ireland. ESRI, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/sustat65.

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The Annual Report on Migration and Asylum 2016 provides an overview of trends, policy developments and significant debates in the area of asylum and migration during 2016 in Ireland. Some important developments in 2016 included: The International Protection Act 2015 was commenced throughout 2016. The single application procedure under the Act came into operation from 31 December 2016. The International Protection Office (IPO) replaced the Office of the Refugee Applications Commissioner (ORAC) from 31 December 2016. The first instance appeals body, the International Protection Appeals Tribunal (IPAT), replacing the Refugee Appeals Tribunal (RAT), was established on 31 December 2016. An online appointments system for all registrations at the Registration Office in Dublin was introduced. An electronic Employment Permits Online System (EPOS) was introduced. The Irish Short Stay Visa Waiver Programme was extended for a further five years to October 2021. The Second National Action Plan to Prevent and Combat Human Trafficking was published. 2016 was the first full year of implementation of the Irish Refugee Protection Programme (IRPP). A total of 240 persons were relocated to Ireland from Greece under the relocation strand of the programme and 356 persons were resettled to Ireland. Following an Oireachtas motion, the Government agreed to allocate up to 200 places to unaccompanied minors who had been living in the former migrant camp in Calais and who expressed a wish to come to Ireland. This figure is included in the overall total under the IRPP. Ireland and Jordan were appointed as co-facilitators in February 2016 to conduct preparatory negotiations for the UN high level Summit for Refugees and Migrants. The New York Declaration, of September 2016, sets out plans to start negotiations for a global compact for safe, orderly and regular migration and a global compact for refugees to be adopted in 2018. Key figures for 2016: There were approximately 115,000 non-EEA nationals with permission to remain in Ireland in 2016 compared to 114,000 at the end of 2015. Net inward migration for non-EU nationals is estimated to be 15,700. The number of newly arriving immigrants increased year-on-year to 84,600 at April 2017 from 82,300 at end April 2016. Non-EU nationals represented 34.8 per cent of this total at end April 2017. A total of 104,572 visas, both long stay and short stay, were issued in 2016. Approximately 4,127 persons were refused entry to Ireland at the external borders. Of these, 396 were subsequently admitted to pursue a protection application. 428 persons were returned from Ireland as part of forced return measures, with 187 availing of voluntary return, of which 143 were assisted by the International Organization for Migration Assisted Voluntary Return Programme. There were 532 permissions of leave to remain granted under section 3 of the Immigration Act 1999 during 2016. A total of 2,244 applications for refugee status were received in 2016, a drop of 32 per cent from 2015 (3,276). 641 subsidiary protection cases were processed and 431 new applications for subsidiary protection were submitted. 358 applications for family reunification in respect of recognised refugees were received. A total of 95 alleged trafficking victims were identified, compared with 78 in 2015.
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Herbert, George. How Can Middle-income Countries Improve Their Skills Systems Post- COVID-19? Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.082.

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Vocational training systems in middle-income countries are going to face multiple challenges in the post-COVID era, notably, challenges related to (1) automation; (2) the transition to a green economy, and (3) demographic pressures. Of these, automation - linked to the burgeoning ‘fourth industrial revolution’ that is set to transform the global economy - represents the most serious challenge and is the only one of the three challenges discussed in any depth in this paper. Whilst estimates of the likely scale of automation in the coming years and decades vary widely, it appears likely that waves of automation will lead to a dramatic decline in many kinds of jobs that largely involve routine, repetitive tasks. These trends pre-date COVID-19, but the disruption caused by the pandemic provides an opportunity to prepare for these challenges by implementing vocational training system reforms as part of the Build Back Better agenda. Reforms to vocational training systems will be crucial to ensuring middle-income countries respond appropriately to accelerating labour market changes. However, they should only form a limited part of that response and need to be integrated with a wide range of other policy measures. Vocational training reform will need to occur in the context of major reforms to basic education in order to ensure that all workers are equipped with the cross-cutting cognitive and socio-emotional skills they will require to perform hard-to-automate tasks and to be able to learn and adapt rapidly in a changing economy. Middle-income countries will also likely need to progressively expand social protection schemes in order to provide a safety net for workers that struggle to adapt to changing labour market requirements.
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Viguri, Sofía, Sandra López Tovar, Mariel Juárez Olvera, and Gloria Visconti. Analysis of External Climate Finance Access and Implementation: CIF, FCPF, GCF and GEF Projects and Programs by the Inter-American Development Bank. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003008.

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In response to the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the IDB Group Board of Governors endorsed the target of increasing climate-related financing in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) from 15% in 2015 to 30% of the IDB Groups combined total approvals by 2020. Currently, the IDB Group is on track to meet this commitment, as in 2018, it financed nearly US$5 billion in climate-change-related activities benefiting LAC, which accounted for 27% of total IDB Groups annual approvals. In 2019, the overall volume and proportion of climate finance in new IDBG approvals have increased to 29%. As the IDB continues to strive towards this goal by using its funds to ramp-up climate action, it also acknowledges that tackling climate change is an objective shared with the rest of the international community. For the past ten years, strategic partnerships have been forged with external sources of finance that are also looking to invest in low-carbon and climate-resilient development. Doing this has contributed to the Banks objective of mobilizing additional resources for climate action while also strengthening its position as a leading partner to accelerate climate innovation in many fields. From climate-smart technologies and resilient infrastructure to institutional reform and financial mechanisms, IDB's use of external sources of finance is helping countries in LAC advance toward meeting their international climate change commitments. This report collects a series of insights and lessons learned by the IDB in the preparation and implementation of projects with climate finance from four external sources: the Climate Investment Funds (CIF), the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF), the Green Climate Fund (GCF) and the Global Environment Facility (GEF). It includes a systematic revision of their design and their progress on delivery, an assessment of broader impacts (scale-up, replication, and contributions to transformational change/paradigm shift), and a set of recommendations to optimize the access and use of these funds in future rounds of climate investment. The insights and lessons learned collected in this publication can inform the design of short and medium-term actions that support “green recovery” through the mobilization of investments that promote decarbonization.
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Price, Roz. Access to Climate Finance by Women and Marginalised Groups in the Global South. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.083.

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This paper examines the issue of management of climate finance in the Global South. It acknowledges the efforts made by the various stakeholders so far but seeks to advance a clarion call for a more inclusive and targeted approach in dealing with climate change. The authors highlight the limited role played by least developed countries and small island developing states in contributing to the conversation on climate change. The authors emphasize the need for enhancing the role of the most vulnerable countries, marginalized groups, and indigenous peoples in the management of climate change. This rapid review focusses on the access to the Green Climate Fund by local civil society organisations (CSOs), indigenous peoples, and women organizations within the Global South. The authors observe that there still exist barriers to climate finance by local actors in the Global South. The authors note the need for more significant engagement of all local actors and the need to devolve climate finance to the lowest level possible to the most vulnerable groups. Particularly, climate finance should take into consideration gender equality in any mitigation measures. The paper also highlights the benefits of engaging CSOs in the engagement of climate finance. The paper argues that local actors have the potential to deliver more targeted, context-relevant, and appropriate climate adaptation outcomes. This can be attributed to the growing movement for locally-led adaptation, a new paradigm where decisions over how, when, and where to adapt are led by communities and local actors. There is also a need to build capacities and strengthen institutions and organisations. Further, it is important to ensure transparency and equitable use and allocation of climate finance by all players.
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