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Howell, Amy Beth. "Line, Space and Plane." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1259177315.
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Pugh, James Christopher. "A user friendly preprocessor for plane and space frames and space trusses." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44655.
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<p>A user friendly preprocessor was developed and documented for
the plane and space frame and space truss structural analysis
programs that are based on the matrix displacements method.
This preprocessor is comprised of three programs. The main
program in the preprocessor is to allow the user to create
error free input data files. This program also allows
modifications of existing input data files. The two other
programs are the library manager and the graphics
presentation. The library manager is used to manage the
libraries of the element and material properties. The
graphics presentation is used to display a plane structure on
the graphics display. In Chapter 2, the development of a user
friendly preprocessor is discussed. After a short review of
the extension of the analysis program from plane frame to
space frame in Chapter 3, the preprocessor and its supporting
programs are described in detail in the user manual in Chapter
4. Possible extensions to the preprocessor are discussed in
Chapter 5. The appendix contains examples of input data files
for these structural analysis programs.</p><br>Master of Science
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Hacking, P. "A compactification of the space of plane curves." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599821.
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We define a geometrically meaningful compactification of the moduli space of smooth plane curves which can be calculated explicitly. The basic idea is to regard a plane curve <I>DCP</I><SUP>2</SUP> as a pair (P<SUP>2</SUP>, <I>D</I>) of a surface together with a divisor, and allow both the surface and the curve to degenerate. For plane curves of degree <I>d </I>≥ 4, we obtain a compactification <I>M<SUB>d</SUB></I> which is a moduli space of <I>stable pairs</I> (<I>X, D</I>) using the log minimal model program. A stable pair (<I>X, D</I>) consists of a surface <I>X </I>such that - <I>K<SUB>X</SUB></I> is ample and a divisor <I>D</I> in a given linear system on <I>X</I> with specified singularities. Note that <I>X</I> may be non-normal, and <I>K<SUB>X</SUB></I> is π-Cartier but not Cartier in general. We give a rough classification of stable pairs of arbitrary degree, a complete classification in degrees 4 and 5, and a partial classification in degree 6. The compactification is particularly simple if <I>d</I> is not a multiple of 3- in particular the surface <I>X</I> has at most 2 components. We give a characterisation of these surfaces in terms of the singularities and the Picard numbers of the components. Moreover, we show that <I>M<SUB>d</SUB></I> is smooth in this case.
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Hawes, Wendy. "Multi-dimensional motions of the plane and space." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241478.
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Bae, Yoon-Yeong. "Performance of an aero-space plane propulsion nozzle /." Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1989.
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Jonzon, Gustaf. "The Universal Covering Space of the Twice Punctured Complex Plane." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Mathematics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-121049.
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Qin, Ning. "Towards numerical simulation of hypersonic flow around space-plane shapes." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1987. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4412/.
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This thesis reports research carried out towards numerical simulation of hypersonic flows around space-plane shapes. For high speed flows around conical geometries, a locally conical approximation was introduced, which resulted in locally conical Navier-Stokes equations. In order to achieve accuracy and efficiency for steady state solutions, various methods were investigated. Based on the MacCormack implicit scheme and the Beam-Warming implicit scheme, two implicit procedures were developed to solve the locally conical Navier-Stokes equations (LCNSE). A new implicit boundary treatment was introduced in the MacCormack implicit scheme. The source term in the governing equations was treated explicitly. A simplified Beam-Warming implicit scheme was developed for its application to the LCNSE. Accuracy of the two schemes was investigated. The time step dependence of steady state solution with MacCormack-type schemes was analyzed and a procedure to reduce the error was proposed. To further accelerate the convergence to the steady state, two multigrid methods were applied to the two implicit schemes respectively. An extention of Ni-type multigrid method was developed to accelerate the MacCormack implicit scheme, and the FAS multigrid method was employed to accelerate the simplified Beam-Warming implicit scheme. In parallel, a new approach for fast steady state solution - sparse quasi-Newton method - was proposed to avoid difficulties in linearization associated with implicit schemes for general CFD problems. Formulation was given for three-point and five-point spatial discretization schemes. Preliminary results of a nozzle problem with van Leer's flux splitting and Harten's TVD high shock-resolution schemes illustrated significantly faster convergence to steady state with the sparse quasi-Newton approach than those with corresponding implicit operators of van Leer and Harten. Numerical simulations by solving LCNSE with the two implicit schemes developed in this study were carried out on hypersonic flows around a cone, on the leeside of a delta wing and beneath/over a cone-delta-wing combination. Detailed structures of the complex flow interaction were well predicted including the existence of embedded shock waves and secondary vortices. Comparison with available experimental data was made. Euler solutions were also carried out to compare with the N-S solutions. In the present hypersonic delta wing flow simulation, different phenomena were found than would have been expected from the Miller and Wood classification in the lower speed range. The numerical simulation of hypersonic viscous flows around a cone-delta-wing combination was the first flow field simulation around such a shape representing wing-body interference. It was found that the complexity of the flow field results from the shock-shock, shock-boundary layer and shock-vortex interactions in the flow field. High local heating and its cause were revealed near the corner on both the windward side and the leeward side surfaces of the geometry.
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Zhou, Qing. "Combined linear/nonlinear stability analysis of plane and space frames." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07112009-040327/.
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Acharya, Neelavara Shreyas. "Numerical study of transition to turbulence in plane Poiseuille flow in physical space and state space." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS019/document.
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Cette thèse présente une étude numérique des régimes turbulents au sein d'un écoulement de Poiseuille plan forcé par un gradient de pression constant. L'effort numérique a porté principalement sur le concept d'Unité Minimale. Dans la première partie, des simulations en régime turbulent ont été conduites en géométrie périodique. Les DNS en Unité Minimale montrent que, l'activité turbulente se trouve localisée à proximité d'une des parois, et que la dynamique aux temps longs s'organise autour de renversements abrupts. Dans la seconde partie, on recherche par le calcul les états cohérents exactes en particulier les états dits frontière. Ces états frontière, obtenus par dichotomie, sont caractérisés par tourbillons longitudinaux et une paire unique de stries toujours localisées à proximité d'une seule paroi. Des représentations de la dynamique dans l'espace des phases sont reconstruites à l'aide de divers observables. La dynamique d'un renversement s'articule autour de visites transitoires vers un espace de solutions quasi-symétriques. Une onde progressive exacte, instable et quasi-symetrique a ainsi été identifiée. L'analyse de stabilité révèle que ses vecteurs propres séparent l'espace des phases en deux basins distincts. La dernière partie remet en question l'auto-similarité des différents régimes d'équilibre d'écoulement. Contrairement aux études récentes qui se concentrent sur les solutions à structure symétrique imposée, nos résultats suggèrent que les unités de parois sont également pertinentes pour les états frontière lorsqu'ils sont localisés près d'une paroi, meme si l'auto-similarité n'est pas aussi flagrante que pour les régimes turbulents<br>This thesis numerically investigates the dynamics of turbulence in plane Poiseuille flow driven by a fixed pressure gradient. The focus is especially on computations carried out within the minimal flow unit (M.F.U.). In the first part, turbulent simulations are carried out in spatially periodic channels. In the M.F.U. simulations, the turbulent activity appears to be localised near one wall and the long term dynamics features abrupt reversals. In the next part, we look numerically for exact coherent states in the M.F.U. system. Edge states, which are computed using bisection exhibit streamwise vortices and a single pair of streaks localised near only wall at all times. Different state space representations and phase portraits were constructed using appropriately chosen variables. The dynamics along a turbulent reversal is organised around transient visits to a subspace of (almost) symmetric flow fields. A nearly-symmetric exact travelling wave (TW) solution was found in this subspace. Stability analysis of the TW revealed that its unstable eigenvectors separate the state space into two symmetric basins. In the last part of this thesis, the self-similarity of the different non-trivial equilibrium flow regimes computed in this work, is addressed. Contrarily to most studies focusing on symmetric solutions, the present study suggests that inner scaling is relevant for the description of edge regimes as well although the self-similarity is not as satisfactory as for the turbulent regimes
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Trickey, Robert V. "Critical points of discrete potentials in the plane and in space." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14362/.
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This thesis looks at various problems relating to the value distribution of certain discrete potentials. Chapter 1 - Background material is introduced, the motivation behind this work is explained, and existing results in the area are presented. Chapter 2 - By using a method based on a result of Cartan, the existence of zeros is shown for potentials in both the complex plane and real space. Chapter 3 - Using an argument of Hayman, we expand on an established result concerning these potentials in the complex plane. We also look at the consequences of a spacing of the poles. Chapter 4 - We extend the potentials in the complex plane to a generalised form, and establish some value distribution results. Chapter 5 - We examine the derivative of the basic potentials, and explore the assumption that it takes the value zero only finitely often. Chapter 6 - We look at a new potential in real space which has advantages over the previously examined ones. These advantages are explained. Appendix - The results of computer simulations relating to these problems are presented here, along with the programs used.
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Pao, Hsueh-Yuan. "Interaction between a transient plane wave and a conductive half-space." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187405.
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A method which allows for the analytical evaluation of the interaction between a transient plane wave and a conductive half-space is presented. We assume that an electromagnetic plane wave is obliquely incident on a conducting half-space, which is modeled by a frequency independent permittivity and conductivity. The general case of the electromagnetic plane wave is divided into two polarizations: transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM). The time-domain expressions for the reflected and transmitted waves are first represented as inverse Laplace transforms. The transient fields are then shown to consist of two canonical integrals, f(β) and e(β)The canonical integrals, in turn, are solved analytically, thereby yielding closed-form solutions involving incomplete Lipschitz-Hankel integrals (ILHIs). The ILHIs are computed numerically using efficient convergent and asymptotic series expansions, thus enabling the efficient computation of the transient fields. The exact, closed-form expressions are verified by comparing with previously published results and with results obtained using standard numerical integration and fast Fourier transform algorithms. An asymptotic series representation for the ILHIs is then employed to obtain a relatively simple late-time approximation for the transient fields. This approximate late-time expression is shown to accurately model the fields over a large portion of their time history. The closed-form transient field expressions are used to investigate the effects of neglecting displacement currents when studying transient wave propagation in the conductive half-space. The diffusion fields are found to yield accurate results at late times.
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Graef, Jared. "B-Plane Targeting with the Spacecraft Trajectory Optimization Suite." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2251.
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In interplanetary trajectory applications, it is common to design arrival trajectories based on B-plane target values. This targeting scheme, B-plane targeting, allows for specific target orbits to be obtained during mission design. A primary objective of this work was to implement B-plane targeting into the Spacecraft Trajectory Optimization Suite (STOpS). This work was based on the previous versions of STOpS done by Fitzgerald and Sheehan, however STOpS was redeveloped from MATLAB to python. This updated version of STOpS implements 3-dimensional computation, departure and arrival orbital phase modeling with patched conics, B-plane targeting, and a trajectory correction maneuver. The optimization process is done with three evolutionary algorithms implemented in an island model paradigm.
The algorithms and the island model were successfully verified with known optimization functions before being used in the orbital optimization cases. While the algorithms and island model are not new to this work, they were altered in this redevelopment of STOpS to closer relate to literature. This enhanced literature relation allows for easier comprehension of the both the formulation of the schemes and the code itself. With a validated optimization scheme, STOpS is able to compute near-optimal trajectories for numerous historical missions. New mission types were also easily implemented and modeled with STOpS. A trajectory correction maneuver was shown to further optimize the trajectories end conditions, when convergence was reached. The result is a versatile optimization scheme that is highly customization to the invested user, while remaining simple for novice users.
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Waldron, William Michael. "Optimal vertical plane booster guidance including pitch dynamics." Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10042006-143908/.
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Halcrow, Jonathan. "Charting the State Space of Plane Couette Flow: Equilibria, Relative Equilibria, and Heteroclinic Connections." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24724.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.<br>Committee Chair: Cvitanovic, Predrag; Committee Member: Bracco, Annalisa; Committee Member: Dieci, Luca; Committee Member: Goldman, Daniel; Committee Member: Grigoriev, Roman
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Agarwal, Rahul. "A novel normal-to-plane space efficient micro corner cube retroreflector with improved fill factor." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000629.
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Krait, George. "Isolating the Singularities of the Plane Projection of Generic Space Curves and Applications in Robotics." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0092.
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L’isolation des points singuliers d'une courbe plane est la première étape vers le calcul de sa topologie. Pour cela, les méthodes numériques sont efficaces mais non certifiées en général. Nous sommes intéressés par le développement d'algorithmes numériques certifiés pour isoler les singularités. Pour ce faire, nous limitons notre attention au cas particulier des courbes planes qui sont des projections de courbes lisses en dimensions supérieures. Ce type de courbes apparaît naturellement dans les applications robotiques et la visualisation scientifique. Dans ce cadre, nous montrons que les singularités peuvent être encodées par un système carré et régulier dont les solutions peuvent être isolées avec des méthodes numériques certifiées. Notre analyse est conditionnée par des hypothèses que nous démontrons comme étant génériques en utilisant la théorie de la transversalité ; nous fournissons également un semi-algorithme pour vérifier leur validité. Enfin, nous présentons des expériences de visualisation et de robotique, dont certaines ne sont pas accessibles par d'autres méthodes, et discutons de l'efficacité de notre méthode<br>Isolating the singularities of a plane curve is the first step towards computing its topology. For this, numerical methods are efficient but not certified in general. We are interested in developing certified numerical algorithms for isolating the singularities. In order to do so, we restrict our attention to the special case of plane curves that are projections of smooth curves in higher dimensions. This type of curves appears naturally in robotics applications and scientific visualization. In this setting, we show that the singularities can be encoded by a regular square system whose solutions can be isolated with certified numerical methods. Our analysis is conditioned by assumptions that we prove to be generic using transversality theory. We also provide a semi-algorithm to check their validity. Finally, we present experiments in visualization and robotics, some of which are not reachable by other methods, and discuss the efficiency of our method
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Mokhtarian, Farzin. "A theory of multi-scale, curvature and torsion based shape representation for planar and space curves." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30740.
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This thesis presents a theory of multi-scale, curvature and torsion based shape representation for planar and space curves. The theory presented has been developed to satisfy various criteria considered useful for evaluating shape representation methods in computer vision. The criteria are: invariance, uniqueness, stability, efficiency, ease of implementation and computation of shape properties.
The regular representation for planar curves is referred to as the curvature scale space image and the regular representation for space curves is referred to as the torsion scale space image. Two variants of the regular representations, referred to as the renormalized and resampled curvature and torsion scale space images, have also been proposed. A number of experiments have been carried out on the representations which show that they are very stable under severe noise conditions and very useful for tasks which call for recognition of a noisy curve of arbitrary shape at an arbitrary scale or orientation.
Planar or space curves are described at varying levels of detail by convolving their parametric representations with Gaussian functions of varying standard deviations. The curvature or torsion of each such curve is then computed using mathematical equations which express curvature and torsion in terms of the convolutions of derivatives of Gaussian functions and parametric representations of the input curves. Curvature or torsion zero-crossing points of those curves are then located and combined to form one of the representations mentioned above.
The process of describing a curve at increasing levels of abstraction is referred to as the evolution or arc length evolution of that curve. This thesis contains a number of theorems about evolution and arc length evolution of planar and space curves along with their proofs. Some of these theorems demonstrate that evolution and arc length evolution do not change the physical interpretation of curves as object boundaries and others are in fact statements on the global properties of planar and space curves during evolution and arc length evolution and their representations. Other theoretical results shed light on the local behavior of planar and space curves just before and just after the formation of a cusp point during evolution and arc length evolution.
Together these results provide a sound theoretical foundation for the representation methods proposed in this thesis.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Computer Science, Department of<br>Graduate
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McKernan, John. "Control of plane poiseuille flow : a theoretical and computational investigation." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/1431.
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Control of the transition of laminar flow to turbulence would result in lower drag and reduced energy consumption in many engineering applications. A spectral state-space model of linearised plane Poiseuille flow with wall transpiration ac¬tuation and wall shear measurements is developed from the Navier-Stokes and continuity equations, and optimal controllers are synthesized and assessed in sim¬ulations of the flow. The polynomial-form collocation model with control by rate of change of wall-normal velocity is shown to be consistent with previous interpo¬lating models with control by wall-normal velocity. Previous methods of applying the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions to Chebyshev series are shown to be not strictly valid. A partly novel method provides the best numerical behaviour after preconditioning.
Two test cases representing the earliest stages of the transition are consid¬ered, and linear quadratic regulators (LQR) and estimators (LQE) are synthesized. Finer discretisation is required for convergence of estimators. A novel estimator covariance weighting improves estimator transient convergence. Initial conditions which generate the highest subsequent transient energy are calculated. Non-linear open- and closed-loop simulations, using an independently derived finite-volume Navier-Stokes solver modified to work in terms of perturbations, agree with linear simulations for small perturbations. Although the transpiration considered is zero net mass flow, large amounts of fluid are required locally. At larger perturbations the flow saturates. State feedback controllers continue to stabilise the flow, but estimators may overshoot and occasionally output feedback destabilises the flow.
Actuation by simultaneous wall-normal and tangential transpiration is derived. There are indications that control via tangential actuation produces lower highest transient energy, although requiring larger control effort. State feedback controllers are also synthesized which minimise upper bounds on the highest transient energy and control effort. The performance of these controllers is similar to that of the optimal controllers.
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Vouri-Richard, Derek S. "A Spatial Plane of Immanence: American Cinema in Late Capitalism." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1443712775.
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Dantas, Ismael Francisco. "Problemas bidimensionais de carga espacial em geometrias plano-plano e assemelhadas." Universidade de São Paulo, 1992. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/54/54132/tde-09122013-114307/.
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A finalidade principal deste trabalho é o da obtenção de soluções numéricas de movimento de carga espacial livre em que as grandezas pertinentes dependem de mais de uma coordenada espacial (casos não unidimensionais). Mais especificamente, os problemas estudados versam sobre casos em que um eletródio plano a um dado potencial emite carga não uniformemente ao longo de sua extensão e procura-se obter a deformação das linhas de campo daí resultantes, no espaço até um outro eletródio aterrado disposto paralelamente ao primeiro. Um método baseado em soluções tentativas bem como um outro global usando a \"transformação hodográfica\" recentemente formulada por Budd e Wheeler são apresentados. E também realizado um estudo breve sobre a validade da muito empregada \"suposição de Deutsch\"<br>The aim of the present work is to obtain numerical solutions of free space charge motion in cases in which the pertinent quantites depend on more than one space coordinate (non uni-dimensional cases). More specifically, the problems under concern here are those in which a plane electrode, at a constant potential, emit charge in a non-uniform way along them and the resultant deformation of the field lines, in the space between it and another plane grounded electrode parallelly disposed, is looked for. A method based on guessed solutions and also a global one using the hodographic transformation recently developed by Budd and Wheeler are presented. A brief study of the validity of the often employed \"Deutsch assumption\" is also carried out
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Cohen, Camron Alexander Robey. "CURVING TOWARDS BÉZOUT: AN EXAMINATION OF PLANE CURVES AND THEIR INTERSECTION." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin159345184740689.
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Hodgkinson, Virginia, and virginia hodgkinson@deakin edu au. "Conventions of pictorialism (iconic imagery, perceived space and the picture plane) deconstructed and reconstructed as alternative models of perception, embodied in paintings and drawings." Deakin University, 1993. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20071127.083604.
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This thesis is concerned with conventions of pictorialism, viz. the surface of an artwork or the plane of denotation (in my case paper, canvas or wood); and iconic imagery and the depiction of perceptual space that is connotated by marks, colours and forms upon that surface. Most importantly this thesis is concerned with the relationship between these elements and the deconstruction of them. That the reconstruction of the deconstructed language can create expressive iconic structures that perhaps contain conflicting information and elements, but are simultaneously single and self-contained perceptual models of seeing the world, and the things in it, in another way; is a major focus. The thesis is embodied in the paintings and drawings which are documented in the exegesis that follows.
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Wang, Deli, Rayan Saab, Ozgur Yilmaz, and Felix J. Herrmann. "Recent results in curvelet-based primary-multiple separation: application to real data." Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/565.
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In this abstract, we present a nonlinear curvelet-based sparsitypromoting
formulation for the primary-multiple separation
problem. We show that these coherent signal components can
be separated robustly by explicitly exploting the locality of
curvelets in phase space (space-spatial frequency plane) and
their ability to compress data volumes that contain wavefronts.
This work is an extension of earlier results and the presented
algorithms are shown to be stable under noise and moderately
erroneous multiple predictions.
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Bredthauer, Andreas. "Tensionless Strings and Supersymmetric Sigma Models : Aspects of the Target Space Geometry." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7105.
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Ramírez, Sadovski Valentín. "Qualitative theory of differential equations in the plane and in the space, with emphasis on the center-focus and on the Lotka-Volterra systems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669890.
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Sánchez, Luis Florial Espinoza. "Surfaces in 4-space from the affine differential geometry viewpoint." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55135/tde-23032015-142340/.
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In this thesis, we study locally strictly convex surfaces from the affine differential viewpoint and generalize some tools for locally strictly submanifolds of codimension 2. We introduce a family of affine metrics on a locally strictly convex surface M in affine 4-space. Then, we define the symmetric and antisymmetric equiaffine planes associated with each metric. We show that if M is immersed in a locally atrictly convex hyperquadric, then the symmetric and the antisymmetric planes coincide and contain the affine normal to the hyperquadric. In particular, any surface immersed in a locally strictly convex hyperquadric is affine semiumbilical with respect to the symmetric or antisymmetric equiaffine planes. More generally, by using the metric of the transversal vector field on M we introduce the affine normal plane and the families of the affine distance and height functions on M. We show that the singularities of the family of the affine height functions appear at directions on the affine normal plane and the singularities of the family of the affine distance functions appear at points on the affine normal plane and the affine focal points correspond as degenerate singularities of the family of affine distance functions. Moreover we show that if M is immersed in a locally strictly convex hypersurface then the affine normal plane contains the affine normal vector to the hypersurface. Finally, we conclude that any surface immersed in a locally strictly convex hypersphere is affine semiumbilical.<br>Nesta tese estudamos as superfícies localmente estritamente convexas desde o ponto de vista da geometria diferencial afim e generalizamos algumas ferramentas para subvariedades localmente estritamente convexas de codimensão 2. Introduzimos uma família de métricas afins sobre uma superfície localmente estritamente convexa M no 4-espaço afim. Então, definimos os planos equiafins simétrico e antissimétrico associados com alguma métrica. Mostramos que se M é imersa em uma hiperquádrica localmente estritamente convexa, então os planos simétrico e assimétrico são iguais e contêm o campo vetorial normal afim à hiperquádrica. Em particular, qualquer superfície imersa em uma hiperquádrica localmente estritamente convexa é semiumbílica afim com relação ao plano equiafim simétrico ou antissimétrico. Mais geralmente, usando a métrica do campo transversal sobre M introduzimos o plano normal afim e as famílias de funções distância e altura afim sobre M. Provamos que as singularidades da família de funções altura afim aparecem como direções do plano normal afim e as singularidades da família de funções distância afim aparecem como pontos sobre o plano normal afim e os pontos focais correspondem às singularidades degeneradas da família de funções distância afim. Também provamos que se M é uma superfície imersa em uma hipersuperfície localmente estritamente convexa, então o plano normal afim contém o vetor normal afim à hipersuperfície. Finalmente, concluímos que qualquer superfície imersa em uma hiperesfera localmente estritamente convexa é semiumbílica afim.
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Jukes, Alexander P. "3-D computer generated animation and the material plane : an investigation of the material qualities of 3-D computer generated animation and relations to space and form." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2017. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/2845/.
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This research considers the production and presentation of 3-D CGI animation where the intention is to explore the potential of this mode of practice as material. Through a practical and theoretical study, this research project outlines the proposal that within the context of 3-D CGI animation there exists a property that can be regarded as unique, or deemed as an essential quality, which in turn can be defined as material. The research refers directly to work developed by Structural/Materialist filmmakers and artists working in the 1960s and 1970s whose investigation into process and materiality acts as a method and potential framework for exploringapproaches and processes within 3-D CGI animation. The project asks the following questions: 1. Is it possible through a practical exploration to establish distinctiveness for 3-D CGI animation? 2. Can theoretical research in relation to media studies, film studies, specifically Structural/Materialist film assist to support and shape project development? 3. Can the practical work associated with the project and theoretical undertaking converge to support a basis for determining an individual characteristic for 3-D CGI animation? Hypothesis My hypothesis in relation to the expected findings and outcomes for the project can be distilled to form two strands: 1. That 3-D CGI is definable as a unique mode of production and can be classified as distinct from other digital modes of image production. That the result of the research will point towards a conceptualisation for 3-D CGI where as a process it has the capacity and the influence to be considered as a unique, discreet mode of production. That the qualities and the self-styled artefacts that emerge from the digital mass can be determined as definable products linked to a specific process.
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Shaddad, Amna. "The classification and dynamics of the momentum polytopes of the SU(3) action on points in the complex projective plane with an application to point vortices." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-classification-and-dynamics-of-the-momentum-polytopes-of-the-su3-action-on-points-in-the-complex-projective-plane-with-an-application-to-point-vortices(456a7a49-ef1b-4660-a8e6-8d4cd0791d9d).html.
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We have fully classified the momentum polytopes of the SU(3) action on CP(2)xCP(2) and CP(2)xCP(2) xCP(2), both actions with weighted symplectic forms, and their corresponding transition momentum polytopes. For CP(2)xCP(2) the momentum polytopes are distinct line segments. The action on CP(2)xCP(2) xCP(2), has 9 different momentum polytopes. The vertices of the momentum polytopes of the SU(3) action on CP(2)xCP(2) xCP(2), fall into two categories: definite and indefinite vertices. The reduced space corresponding to momentum map image values at definite vertices is isomorphic to the 2-sphere. We show that these results can be applied to assess the dynamics by introducing and computing the space of allowed velocity vectors for the different configurations of two-vortex systems.
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Lusk, Craig P. "Ortho-Planar Mechanisms for Microelectromechanical Systems." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd902.pdf.
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Idem, Rita de Cássia [UNESP]. "Construcionismo, conhecimentos docentes e GeoGebra: uma experiência envolvendo licenciandos em Matemática e professores." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152415.
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Previous issue date: 2017-12-07<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Esta pesquisa teve como cenário de investigação um curso de extensão universitária, do qual participaram licenciandos em Matemática e professores. O curso se deu por meio de investigações de atividades sobre Geometria Plana e Geometria Espacial com o uso do software GeoGebra e discussões sobre a integração de tecnologias digitais no ensino. Nesse contexto, o objetivo foi identificar e analisar conhecimentos que emergiram durante o curso de extensão universitária, bem como, investigar os contextos em que essa emergência ocorreu. Sendo assim, a pergunta que norteou esta pesquisa foi: Que conhecimentos docentes emergem quando licenciandos em Matemática e professores exploram atividades de Geometria utilizando o GeoGebra? Este estudo apoiou-se teoricamente no Construcionismo, e nos Conhecimentos Docentes, principalmente em relação ao construto teórico Conhecimento Tecnológico Pedagógico de Conteúdo (TPACK). A produção de dados se deu por meio de filmagens dos encontros do curso, da gravação da tela do computador, da coleta de atividades escritas dos participantes, do desenvolvimento de atividades pelos participantes e de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os mesmos. A análise dos dados evidenciou dois momentos distintos: um momento em que ocorriam Ciclos de Ações construcionistas e emergiam Conhecimentos Tecnológicos, de Conteúdo e suas articulações, caracterizado pela exploração das atividades do curso; em outro momento emergiam Conhecimentos Pedagógicos, Tecnológicos Pedagógicos, Tecnológicos Pedagógicos de Conteúdo e conhecimentos referentes ao contexto educacional, caracterizado pelas discussões no curso, pelas entrevistas e pelo desenvolvimento de atividades. Os resultados evidenciaram que durante o curso houve a emergência de conhecimentos necessários à integração das tecnologias digitais no ensino, os quais se relacionaram à experimentação geométrica com o GeoGebra, à aprendizagem construcionista e a possíveis obstáculos à integração das tecnologias digitais no ensino. Dessa maneira, este estudo buscou contribuir com discussões sobre a articulação teórica Construcionismo-TPACK na aprendizagem docente e sobre perspectivas de sua influência na formação de professores de Matemática.<br>This research had as an investigation scenario a university extension course, which was attended by future Mathematics teachers and teachers. The course took place through investigations of activities about Plane Geometry and Space Geometry with the using of GeoGebra software and discussions about the integration of digital technologies in teaching. In this context, the objective was to identify and analyze knowledge that emerged during the university extension course, as well as to investigate the contexts in which this emergence occurred. Thus, the question that guided this research was: What teaching knowledge emerge when undergraduate Mathematics students and teachers explore Geometry activities using GeoGebra? This study was theoretically based on Constructionism, and on Teaching Knowledge, mainly in relation to the theoretical construct Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). The production of data took place through the filming of the course meetings, the recording of the computer screen, the collection of written activities of the participants, the development of activities by the participants and semi-structured interviews with them. The analysis of the data revealed two distinct moments: a moment in which constructionist Cycles of Actions occurred and Technological Knowledge, Content Knowledge and their articulations emerged, characterized by the exploration of the activities of the course; In another moment emerged Pedagogical Knowledge, Technological Pedagogical Knowledge, Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge and knowledge regarding the educational context, characterized by the discussions in the course, the interviews and the development of activities. The results evidenced that during the course there was the emergence of the necessary knowledge to integrate digital technologies in teaching, which were related to geometric experimentation with GeoGebra, constructionist learning and possible constraints to the integration of digital technologies in teaching. In this way, this study sought to contribute with discussions about the theoretical articulation of Constructionism-TPACK in teacher learning and on the perspectives of its influence in the Mathematics Teachers’ Education.
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Bereketab, Semere. "Complex Equilibrium of Laterally Curved Wakes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35806.
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Turbulent wakes generated from an aircraft or submarine vehicles has been of main interest to researchers due to the broad band noise associated with such wakes. One such case is the noise generated by spiral vortices shed of from one blade interacting with another oncoming blade of helicopter rotor. Consequently, researchers have been trying to understand the basic physics and evolution of such wakes. Although there has been numerous studies done on plane wakes, there has been little research being done on laterally curved wakes.
Single and two-point velocity measurements were taken on a plane and laterally curved turbulent wakes to understand the evolution and effect of lateral curvature into the far wake region. The analyses provide useful information in modeling curved or spiral wakes such as turbulence field surrounding tip vortices shed from a wing. In order to achieve our objectives, the Virginia Tech 3’ x 2’ subsonic wind tunnel was used to take velocity measurements of toroidal ring model and a straight cylinder as a control case. Velocity measurements were done using four sensor hot-wire anemometers, to obtain all mean velocity, Reynolds stress, triple product components of the turbulence field. Single point, spectra and two-point measurements of the wakes were performed throughout the development into the far wake region. The single point results reveal the universality of the mean axial velocity, however the Reynolds stresses and triple products were not universal illustrating that the turbulence field has its own length and velocity scales different from that of the mean flow. The effect of lateral curvature is mainly evidenced in the early development of the curved ring wake. The turbulent energy budget reveals similar trend for both wakes and plane wake achieves approximate equilibrium. The spectra result reveals for the plane wake that self-preservation is achieved for all scales of motion, while the ring wake does not achieve such a state. While the longitudinal correlations of both wakes are similar in form, in general difference in form and orientation prevailed over all indicating the difference in the turbulent structure of both wakes. Linear stochastic estimation reveals the presence of spanwise and double-roller eddy structures in the plane wake and only spanwise eddies were detected for the ring wake.<br>Master of Science
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Santos, Ignacio. "Simulation and Study of Gravity Assist Maneuvers." Thesis, KTH, Rymdteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-276462.
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This thesis takes a closer look at the complex maneuver known as gravity assist, a popular method of interplanetary travel. The maneuver is used to gain or lose momentum by flying by planets, which induces a speed and direction change. A simulation model is created using the General Mission Analysis Tool (GMAT), which is intended to be easily reproduced and altered to match any desired gravity assist maneuver. The validity of its results is analyzed, comparing them to available data from real missions. Some parameters, including speed and trajectory, are found to be extremely reliable. The model is then used as a tool to investigate the way that different parameters impact this complex environment, and the advantages of performing thrusting burns at different points during the maneuver are explored. According to theory, thrusting at the point of closest approach to the planet is thought to be the most efficient method for changing speed and direction of flight. However, the results from this study show that thrusting before this point can have some major advantages, depending on the desired outcome. The reason behind this is concluded to be the high sensitivity of the gravity assist maneuver to the altitude and location of the point of closest approach.<br>Detta examensarbete tittar närmare på den komplexa manöver inom banmekanik som kallas gravitationsassisterad manöver, vilken är vanligt förekommande vid interplanetära rymduppdrag. Manövern används för att öka eller minska farkostens rörelsemängd genom att flyga förbi nära planeter, vilket ger upphov till en förändring i fart och riktning. En simuleringsmodell är skapad i NASAs mjukvara GMAT med syftena att den ska vara reproducerbar samt möjlig att ändra för olika gravitationsassisterade manövrar. Resultaten från simuleringarna är validerade mot tillgängliga data från riktigt rymduppdrag. Vissa parametrar, som fart och position, har en väldigt bra överenstämmelse. Modellen används sedan för att noggrannare undersöka hur olika parametrar påverkar det komplexa beteendet vid en graviationsassisterad manöver, genom att specifikt titta på effekterna av en pålagd dragkraft från motorn under den gravitationsassisterade manövern. Teoretiskt fås mest effekt på fart och riktning om dragkraften från motorn läggs på vid punkten närmast planeten. Resultaten från denna studie visar att beroende på vilken parameter man vill ändra så kan man erhålla mer effekt genom att lägga på dragkraften innan den närmsta punkten. Förklaringen till detta är att den gravitationsassisterade manövern är väldigt icke-linjär, så en tidigare pålagd dragkraft kan kraftigt förändra farkostens bana nära planeten, så att farkosten t.ex. kommer närmare och då påverkas mer.
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Gómez, Artiola Xavier. "Gramática del pliegue: Una estética de la obra de Juan Muñoz." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673482.
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El presente texto realiza una interpretación creativa y novedosa de la obra del artista
Juan Muñoz, uno de los más influyentes no sólo a nivel nacional sino a escala
internacional en las dos últimas décadas del siglo XX. Para ello se bucea, en primer
lugar, en las fuentes humanas y artísticas de las que bebió el artista y que influyeron
directamente en su concepción del arte y del mundo. Para esta tarea se estimó necesario
investigar en profundidad qué le pudo enseñar su primer y duradero maestro, Santiago
Amón, labor que estaba sin realizar por la crítica y que se estima fundamental. La
interpretación continúa a partir de una lectura del Minimal desde el punto de vista del
propio Muñoz, interpretación que fructifica y que se interpenetra continuamente con el
resto del texto de la tesis. Se explora también su relación con la espacialidad de la
arquitectura del siglo XX, en donde se va a encontrar una de las fuentes para la
gramática que, según nuestra hipótesis, representa mejor el alcance y la complejidad de
su obra. A partir de la lectura de las fuentes críticas, se interpreta la obra de Muñoz en
relación a un marco gnóstico nihilista –algo que también constituye una novedad. Por
último, se incardina todo este discurso en la parte final, en donde se expone la gramática
del pliegue que da título a la tesis, cuya lógica permitirá comprender cómo Muñoz
anima su obra a partir de múltiples estratos de significación, así como en concepciones
de espacio y tiempo divergentes, implicando a su espectador a un nivel existencial
inusitado.<br>Our dissertation is a personal and creative take on the work by the late artist Juan
Muñoz, whose influence both at a national and international level in the last two
decades of the XXth century is undisputed. To achieve this goal it has been necessary to
delve into the human and artistic influences that shaped his worldview at an early stage
of his life. Particularly, he was influenced very early on by his first mentor, Santiago
Amón, a prominent art critic and leader of numerous initiatives that strived to bring
news of state-of-the-art artistic movements into Franco’s Spain. Our interpretation
continues with an innovative analysis of the foundations of Minimal Art which,
departing from the opinions of such an art by Muñoz, challenges their own assumptions
and demonstrates their own logic failures. An overview of the poetics of space in the
XXth century is also developed, and Robert Venturi’s conception of complexity and
contradiction in architecture is well taken into Muñoz’s own artistic grammar. We also
push forward the most established interpretation of Muñoz’s work, and take it to the
farther limit of nihilism, which undoubtedly is gnosticism. In the last part we take the
risk, even if it is well substantiated, to propose an interpretative grammar of Muñoz’s
work, one that would be able to cope with its multiple strata of significance and diverse
coexisting conceptions of space and time, based on the idea of the (baroque) fold.
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Wu, Senlin. "Geometry of Minkowski Planes and Spaces -- Selected Topics." Doctoral thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200900226.
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Kalinovskyi, O. V. "Glide path beacons reliability increasing." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/50476.
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1. Zuiev O.V., Solomentsev O.V., Khmelko Ju.M.. “Basics of Radioelectronic Equipment Reliability, Operation and Repair Theory”: Lecture synopsis. – Kyiv.: NAU, 2011 – 60 p.
2. Dhillon B.S. “Maintainability, maintenance, and reliability for engineers“. New York: Taylor & Francis Group, 2006 – 214 p.<br>Difficulty and multidimensional of Instrumental Landing Systems (ILS), use them directly for landing makes it necessary to solving a several problems aimed at improving functional possibilities of landing systems as a results of its operation contiouncly monitoring, increasing their operational reliability. In this thesis Glide Path Beacons (GPB) considered as part of ILS, which are designed to form a glide plane in space.<br>Складність і багатовимірність інструментальних систем посадки (ІЛС), використання їх безпосередньо для посадки, робить необхідним вирішення ряду проблем, спрямованих на поліпшення функціональних можливостей систем посадки в результаті постійного моніторингу її роботи, підвищення їх експлуатаційної надійності. У цій дипломній роботі Маяки для ковзання по шляху (GPB) розглядаються як частина ILS, які призначені для формування площини ковзання в просторі.
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Morán, Cañón Mario. "Étude schématique du schéma des arcs." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1S079.
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Le schéma des arcs associé à une variété algébrique définie sur un corps paramètre les germes formels de courbes que l'on peut tracer sur la variété considérée. Nous étudions certaines propriétés schématiques locales du schéma des arcs d’une variété. Étant donnée une courbe affine plane singulière définie par un polynôme réduit homogène ou homogène à poids, nous calculons, principalement par des arguments d'algèbre différentielle, des présentations de l'idéal définissant l'adhérence du lieu lisse de l'espace tangent qui est toujours une composante irréductible de cet espace. En particulier, nous obtenons une base de Gröbner de cet idéal, ce qui nous permet de décrire les fonctions de l'espace tangent de la variété qui sont nilpotentes dans le schéma des arcs. Par ailleurs, nous étudions le voisinage formel dans le schéma des arcs d’une variété torique normale de certains arcs appartenant à l’ensemble de Nash associé à une valuation divisorielle torique. Nous établissons un théorème de comparaison, dans le schéma des arcs, entre le voisinage formel du point générique de l’ensemble de Nash et celui d'un arc rationnel suffisamment général dans ce même ensemble de Nash<br>The arc scheme associated with an algebraic variety defined over a field parameterizes the formal germs of curves lying on the considered variety. We study some local schematic properties of the arc scheme of a variety. Given an affine plane curve singularity defined by a reduced homogeneous or weighted homogeneous polynomial, we compute, mainly using arguments from differential algebra, presentations of the ideal defining the Zariski closure of the smooth locus of the tangent space, which is always an irreducible component of this space. In particular, we obtain a Groebner basis of such ideal, which gives a complete description of the functions of the tangent space of the variety which are nilpotent in the arc scheme. On the other hand, we study the formal neighbourhood in the arc scheme of a normal toric variety of certain arcs belonging to the Nash set associated with a divisorial toric valuation. We establish a comparison theorem, in the arc scheme, between the formal neighbourhood of the generic point of the Nash set and that of a rational arc sufficiently generic in the same Nash set
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Rosalves, Márcia Yolanda. "Relações entre os pólos do visto e do sabido no cabri 3D: Uma experiência com alunos do ensino médio." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2006. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11088.
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Previous issue date: 2006-10-27<br>This research involves the teaching and learning of the geometry of space (three-dimensional geometry) in school mathematics. It considers, in particular, the relationships between geometrical objects and their representations in the plane. The works of Parzysz (1988; 1993), which served as the theoretical base for this study, point to the difficulties students that experience in interpreting representations of three-dimensional objects, in terms of construction (codification) and interpretation (decodification), as well as the conflict between the poles of seeing and knowing. The results presented by Parzysz concern experimentations carried out in the conventional paper-and-pencil environment. Considering the limitations of this environment and the difficulties associated with the identification of spatial relations given its static nature, the dynamic geometry environment of Cabri 3D was chosen as the context for this study. The aim was to investigate the role of the dynamic representation of this software in the study of space geometry. More precisely, the study seeks to analyse the possibilities related to the poles of seeing and knowing in the interactions of subjects with the tools and representations of Cabri 3D. The empirical part of the research involved the development of an experimental study strongly inspired by the methodology of Design Experiments, using the perspective of Steffe and Thompson (2000) and Cobb et al. (2003). High school students from a public-sector school in the city of São Paulo participated in this experiment. The results show that, in certain situation, the loss in information associated with Cabri 3D representation of spatial objects are less than in the paper-and-pencil environment. The evidence also suggested that both the dynamic aspect with the potential to manipulate and change the point of view onto the object represented and the treatment the enriching of representations made possible by the use of the construction tools aided in the process of decodification, amplifying the interpretation of the drawing on the part of the student and enabling a better use of perceptive inferences<br>A presente pesquisa está inserida no contexto do ensino-aprendizagem da Geometria Espacial na Educação Básica, referindo-se, em particular, às relações entre os objetos geométricos e suas representações planas. Os trabalhos de Parzysz (1988; 1993) destacam as dificuldades dos alunos com a representação de objetos tridimensionais, no que se refere à sua elaboração (codificação) e interpretação (decodificação), bem como o conflito gerado pelos pólos do visto e sabido que são as bases do presente estudo. Os resultados apresentados nas pesquisas desse autor referem-se a experimentações no ambiente convencional de papel&lápis. Considerando as limitações desse ambiente e as dificuldades de identificação de relações espaciais dado seu caráter estático, optou-se por utilizar o ambiente de geometria dinâmica Cabri 3D. Assim, o estudo teve por objetivo investigar o papel das representações dinâmicas nesse software. Mais precisamente, pretendeu-se analisar as possibilidades de gestão dos pólos do visto e do sabido nas interações dos sujeitos com as ferramentas e representações do Cabri 3D. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa deu-se por meio de um estudo experimental fortemente inspirado na metodologia do Design Experiment na perspectiva de Steffe e Thompson (2000) e Cobb et al (2003), sendo realizado com alunos do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública da cidade de São Paulo. Os resultados mostraram que, em determinadas situações, as perdas de informações no Cabri 3D são menores que no ambiente papel&lápis. Existem também evidências de que tanto o aspecto dinâmico com possibilidades de manipular e mudar o ponto de vista do objeto representado como o de tratamento , enriquecimento da representação no uso das ferramentas de construção, auxiliam no processo de decodificação, ampliando a interpretação do desenho por parte dos alunos e levando-os a um melhor aproveitamento das interferências perceptivas
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Loret, Benjamin. "Problèmes numériques et théoriques de la géomécanique." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066239.
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Traitement numérique des milieux infinis de la géomécanique: méthodes d'équations intégrales régulières et singulières pour les structures géotechniques en conditions dynamiques; méthode de couplage itérative éléments finis/équations intégrales (applications au demi-espace et demi-plan); vibration d'un pieu fiché dans le demi espace stratifié. Comportement frottant des milieux granulaires: algorithmes locaux d'intégration numérique pour matériaux élastoplastiques type Drucker-Prager; partie élastique déformation des sols; influence de la contrainte moyenne. Problèmes liés à l'anisotropie en grandes transformations (rotations plastiques). Etude de deux types de bifurcation sur les sables; conséquences macroscopiques de la structure granulaire des sables; non-linéarité incrémentale et localisation des déformations.
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Kourganoff, Mickaël. "Géométrie et dynamique des espaces de configuration." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSL1049/document.
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Cette thèse est divisée en trois parties. Dans la première, on étudie des systèmes articulés (mécanismes formés de tiges rigides) dont l'espace ambiant n'est pas le plan, mais diverses variétés riemanniennes. On étudie la question de l'universalité des mécanismes : cette notion correspond à l'idée que toute courbe serait tracée par un sommet d'un mécanisme, et que toute variété différentiable serait l'espace de configuration d'un mécanisme. On étend les théorèmes d'universalité au plan de Minkowski, au plan hyperbolique et enfin à la sphère.Toute surface dans R^3 peut être aplatie selon l'axe des z, et la surface aplatie s'approche d'une table de billard dans R^2. Dans la seconde partie, on montre que, sous certaines hypothèses, le flot géodésique de la surface converge localement uniformément vers le flot de billard. De plus, si le billard est dispersif, les propriétés chaotiques du billard remontent au flot géodésique : on montre qu'il est alors Anosov. En appliquant ce résultat à la théorie des systèmes articulés, on obtient un nouvel exemple de systèmes articulé Anosov, comportant cinq tiges.Dans la troisième partie, on s'intéresse aux variétés munies de connexions localement métriques, c'est-à-dire de connexions qui sont localement des connexions de Levi-Civita de métriques riemanniennes ; on donne dans ce cadre un analogue du théorème de décomposition de De Rham, qui s'applique habituellement aux variétés riemanniennes. Dans le cas où une telle connexion préserve une structure conforme, on montre que cette décomposition comporte au plus deux facteurs ; de plus, lorsqu'il y a exactement deux facteurs, l'un des deux est l'espace euclidien R^q. La démonstration des résultats de cette partie passe par l'étude des feuilletages munis d'une structure de similitude transverse. Sur ces feuilletages, on montre un résultat de rigidité qui peut être vu indépendamment des autres: ils sont soit transversalement plats, soit transversalement riemanniens<br>This thesis is divided into three parts. In the first part, we study linkages (mechanisms made of rigid rods) whose ambiant space is no longer the plane, but various Riemannian manifolds. We study the question of the universality of linkages: this notion corresponds to the idea that every curve would be traced out by a vertex of some linkage, and that any differentiable manifold would be the configuration space of some linkage. We extend universality theorems to the Minkowski plane, the hyperbolic plane, and finally the sphere.Any surface in R^3 can be flattened with respect to the z-axis, and the flattened surface gets close to a billiard table in R^2. In the second part, we show that, under some hypotheses, the geodesic flow of the surface converges locally uniformly to the billiard flow. Moreover, if the billiard is dispersing, the chaotic properties of the billiard also apply to the geodesic flow: we show that it is Anosov in this case. By applying this result to the theory of linkages, we obtain a new example of Anosov linkage, made of five rods.In the third part, we first consider manifolds with locally metric connections, that is, connections which are locally Levi-Civita connections of Riemannian metrics; we give in this framework an analog of De Rham's decomposition theorem, which usually applies to Riemannian manifolds. In the case such a connection also preserves a conformal structure, we show that this decomposition has at most two factors; moreover, when there are exactly two factors, one of them is the Euclidean space R^q. The proofs of the results of this part use foliations with transverse similarity structures. On these foliations, we give a rigidity theorem of independant interest: they are either transversally flat, or transversally Riemannian
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Tzigantchev, Dimitre G. "Predegree polynomials of plane configurations in projective space." 2006. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11012006-162123.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2006.<br>Advisor: Paolo Aluffi, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Mathematics. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Feb. 5, 2007). Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 92 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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Wu, Shiann-Yueh, and 吳憲岳. "Factorization Theorem in Hardy Space of triple-upper half plane (p=1)." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70640795632305752905.
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碩士<br>國立高雄師範大學<br>數學系<br>88<br>In this thesis, we are mainly concerned with a factorization theorem in a certain function space. This theorem was discovered first in the unit disc in C in the first part of the twentieth century. In 1976, Coifman, Rochberg and Weiss extended it to the unit ball in Cn .In 1992 Krantz and Li proved that it holds on smoothly bounded strongly pseudoconvex domains. In 1996 Lin proved that it is true on the bi-upper half plane.oes it hold on the triple-upper half plane?
A factorization theorem is proved in the Hardy spaces Hp of the triple-upper half plane,p=1.The proof is carried out in the triple-upper half plane, in which case it is based on some fundamental work of Chang-Fefferman and Fefferman-Stein, on atomic decompositions and duality of the spaces BMO and H1.
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黃筱芳. "Comparing the concepts of the plane vectors and space vectors using CAISM." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64875503402870768011.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立新竹教育大學<br>應用數學系碩士班<br>104<br>Some Parts of the concepts in plane vector and space vector courses in high school are similar. The purpose of this study was to compare with the test results of the similar concepts, plane vectors and space vectors, and to find out if any significant improvement exists after the participants acquire the similiar concepts.
The reascher made the concepts achievement matrixs of plane vectors and space vectors to
find out the differences of the data. Next, applying the Concept Advanced Iinterpretive Structural
Modeling (CAISM) to making the individualized concept hierarchy structures of the participants.
In addition, the researcher examined the order and correlation between the results of the
participants’concepts on plane vectors and space vectors, and analyzed the variations of the concept
structures and the participants’ thinking processes.
The findings showed that most of the participants understand better after learning the similar
concept again. The students that got higher grades on plane vectors tend to get significant
improvement on space vectors and think with the relative abstract concept of vector dot product.
Based on the results, it is therefore suggested that further research is needed and teachers use
concept hierarchy structures of students to know more about their learning.
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謝克駿. "A Study on space-time of picture plane Example of Kalachakra Mandala." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56288914004179472399.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>高雄師範大學<br>美術學系<br>98<br>Abstract
As a Buddhist art, the plane Art of Kalachakra Mandala is different with Realism that three-dimensional image constructed by two-dimensional plane. In the Art of Kalachakra Mandala, it is integrated by many angles of the vision, and the combination of the viewpoints must follows regular way, instead of arbitrary by artist or creative arrangements.
Furthermore, the visual symbols that explain the research between time and space is helpful for deduce the universal art of time-space of the Art of Kalachakra Mandala. The picture is constructed on the basis of the body experiences of the viewers to represent the kinetic art, and tends to emphasize the timeliness of the Art of Kalachakra Mandala. It seems attempt to interlace another priori world when time and space show up at the same time.
Moreover, it is very important to select and arrange the symbolic elements of visual spaces that convey the Art of Mandala to the viewers accurately. According to the visual experiences of the viewers, the picture adjust the visual psyche of the viewers, and make it feel from “what does he see” and “what does he know” at the same time, then make it understand and vibrate the Mandala. The eventual purpose is to lead the viewers to feel the priori world of the Buddhas in the Mandala, and raise up the sources of the spiritual power to realize the essence of the life.
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Wu, Chun Lung, and 吳俊龍. "The Production of Space in Chunghua Plane during Japanese Colonial Period, 1895-1945." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96848841997682174862.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺北大學<br>都市計劃研究所<br>98<br>The development of Chunghwa Plain was starting from Qing Dynasty. Because of the landform and Lukang harbor, Chunghwa Plain was an important product position and transport center. In 1895, Taiwan became a colony of Japan after the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. Taiwan is south of Japan, so the weather is warmer and the production is richer than Japan. To seize the economic resources of Taiwan and export to Japan, Japan set up an industrial policy. The modernization industrial policy led Taiwan into a modern society. This research focuses on Changhua Plain and tries to realize the connection between production space and urban space in colony system.
This research via in-depth interview, governor’s statements, statistical and cartographic data analyzes by using map overlaying and tries to realize the production network of Changhua Plain. The governor built a network by exploiting rice, sugar, salt and fruit from Changhua Plain. This research explains how the Japanese Governor seized the economic resources form Changha Plain and how a city helped the governor to built it during the process. This research uses Lefebvre Trialectics of Spatiality as a basic theory. In order to seize the economic resources from Taiwan, Japanese used a production system, symbol system and the right of capitalist to build a colony space, so they could seize the resources rapidly in the beginning. The complete colony system combined with the three main systems (production system, symbol system and capitalist), and this research proves Lefebvre Trialectics of Spatiality.
This research found the space instruction of Changhua Plain changed rapidly during the Japanese colonial period. The space instruction between Changhua and Lukang harbor became a connection relation based on railway and the middle-income and intellectuals played an important part in this period. Therefore, the production space of colony city is a process of the colony rights. The Japanese governor made Changhua Plain become a colony industry through producing, manufacture, storage and shipping of a series of industry policy.
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Chen, Wei Huang, and 黃陳暐. "FDTD Analysis of Obliquely Incident Plane Wave on a Lossy Half-space with PML." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31255957410349292428.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺灣海洋大學<br>電機工程學系<br>99<br>The Finite Difference Time-Domain(FDTD) method, often used as a calculating method of simulating electromagnetic radiations or scattering problems. It is also capable of simulating the effect of various structures in the real environment, surrounded with the absorbing boundary condition like PML(Perfectly Matched Layer), so that we can simulate the effect of electromagnetic wave in a limited space accurately .
In our developed program, we mainly use plane wave normally incident into a free space structure, but in reality there might be situations different from the case, like the oblique incident, half-space and lossy medium which are discussed in this thesis. Hence, we develop the program that takes into consideration both the half-space setup and the oblique incidence for the plane wave. The obliquely incident plane wave can be of any polarization and any incident angle. The incident wave is exactly incorporated in the simulating region. When a half-space case is considered, the incident and reflected plane wave have to be evaluated correctly at the interface between the total field and the scattered field regions at any time instant.
The half-space medium is often a lossy dielectric whose dielectric constant is a complex number, so the simulating program needs to be modified. We try to make some change in the parameter of the uniaxial PML matrix to enhance the attenuation in the PML, but degrading effect is also observed that the numerical reflection is slightly increased with the change of the parameter.
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吳佳樺. "Birth and Idea---A Study on the Painting Creation of Line, Plane and Space." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ae28dg.
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Yang, Chien-k'un, and 楊健坤. "FACTORIZATION THEOREM IN HARDY SPACE OF TRIPLE-UPPER HALF PLANE(FOR 0 < p < =1)." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92925276323359722046.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立高雄師範大學<br>數學系<br>90<br>In this thesis, we are concerned about a factorization theorem in a certain function space. This theorem was discovered first in the unit disc in C in the first part of the 20th century. In 1976, Coifman, Rochberg and Weiss extended it to the unit ball in C^n. In 1992, Krantz and Li proved that it holds on smoothly bounded strongly pseudoconvex domains. And Lin proved that it is true for the bi-upper half plane in 1996, and Wu proved it for the triple-upper half plane for p=1 in 2000. Does it hold for the triple-upper half plane and the triple-disc for 0<p<=1?
A factorization theorem is proved in the Hardy spaces H^p of triple-upper half plane, 0<p<=1, in which case it is based on some fundamental work of Chang-Fefferman and Fefferman-Stein, on atomic decompositions and duality of the spaces BMO and H^1.
From the result of the factorization theorem in the Hardy spaces H^p of triple-upper half plane, 0<p<=1 and the Cayley Transform, we prove the factorization theorem in the Hardy spaces H^p of triple-disc, 0<p<=1.
This thesis is used to prepare for generalization of the factorization theorem.
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Lin, Yi-Min, and 林怡旻. "A Study of the Police Substation Space Plane during Pre-Japanese Ruled Period in Kaohsiung-Pingtung Area." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99747068299957897404.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>樹德科技大學<br>建築與室內設計研究所<br>103<br>During the beginning of the Japanese occupation, Japanese Police Chief suggested to establish policing in Taiwan in order to enforce laws and orders. Two troops of Japanese police had been dispatched to Taiwan, formulating Taiwan’s earliest policing system. The most basic level policing institutes were police substations, they were located on major roads to monitor the activities of Taiwanese people.
Police substations used local residences as offices first, but they were difficult to guard. In the 30th year of the Meiji Reign(1897), the Taiwan Governor General Office promulgated “Requirements of Police Institutions and Police Officer Residency”. The design of police substations at that time was still decided by designers. In the 42nd year of the Meiji Reign(1909), the “Standardized Diagrams of Police Substation Design” was implemented, which linked the spaces of the substations and the living of policemen. The new policy of systematic design motivated this study.
This study investigates three things: 1. Locations of police substations and their relationship with the surroundings. 2. Changes of the spatiality of the offices and living quarters after the Standardized Diagrams were implemented, and 3. The police manpower and the correspondent spatiality.
The research scope covers the police substations at the flatlands in Kaohsiung and Pingtung from the 28th(1895) year of the Meijing Reign to the 9th year of the Taishō Reign(1920). This research set out from historical bibliology; with the Taiwan Map(1898~1904), all of the police substations in these areas were located. Then according to the “Categorized Official Documents of the Taiwan Governor General Office”, the years of the establishment of each substation were found, and through redrawing their plans, the spaces were restored for analysis.
All the police substations occupied significant locations, and among the 66 buildings this research has redrawn, 53 had living quarters annexed to the offices, 9 had living quarters at the back of the offices. In terms of the types of buildings, the substations using residences as offices also could be categorized into street houses and compounds. 47 residences were used as police substations, and 22 were constructed by the colonial government.
And in terms of the floor plans, earlier substations could be categorized into Type A, B and C. 18 buildings were Type A, 22 were Type B, and 20 were Type C. Two to four inspectors and deputy inspectors lived in the substations, showing that the sizes of their offices did not respond to the numbers of policemen, but the units of accommodation did. Living quarters annexed to the two sides of the offices were more common later, kitchens and outhouses were at the back of the offices.
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Benzon, Courtney. "Face Down/Ground Up: Activating the Sixth Facade and Amplifying Public Space." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/64610.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis condenses open public space on an urban site in order to create an animated environment for public use. Maximizing use of an open lot in Sao Paulo, Brazil, an elevated concrete plate layers the site into a covered plaza below with sport and recreation program above. By lifting a programmable ground surface above street level, the project maintains the ground plane as an extension of the urban surroundings. The underside of the elevated plate becomes a horizontal elevation, or sixth façade, which is the new public interface of the project. Essentially a double-sided surface that is formally manipulated, the elevated structure both defines and unifies the two zones, mediating between them while creating different conditions and atmospheres, each with their own potential to invite public activity.
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Chiu, Teng-Wei, and 邱登尉. "The Research of Human Cognition Difference between Plane and Three-Dimensional Guide Map Design in Public Exhibition Space." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03853005444432257180.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>東海大學<br>工業設計學系<br>99<br>Not only Internal but also overseas government and private organizations establish republic exhibition spaces in order to reach the goal of sending information and knowledge. Nevertheless, whether every different kind of messages could be conveyed to the visitors correctly and makes the visitors enable to understand or not, it might depend on building a faultlessly information system. A Guide Map is the first information that the multitude has received from a whole space when they recognized unfamiliar environment. The quality of the Guide Map design will directly influence the visitors’ comprehension of exhibition space construction. To survey the national public exhibition space, National Museum of Natural Science（NMNS） which is playing an important role in social education and symbolizing national image in Taiwan. The style of the Guide Map which is NMNS providing for the visitors to ask for free taking is still adopting the plane form of floor plans and a single series of colors, but it can not satisfy the using requirement now. Observing the Guide Maps which are provided from most international public exhibition spaces has developed toward three-dimensional and multicolored style. And the plane or the three-dimensional Guide Map, which is much closer the requirement of users, it still exist many indefinite and unclear areas.
In this research, adopted the Nonparticipant Observation method first to explore the construction of the exhibition space and analyze the feature of visitors’ behavior with using the original plane Guide Map in NMNS and the prototype of new designed three-dimensional Guide Map for demonstrating the conclusion of relative references. It generalized the using problems of the plane Guide Map and the design policies of three-dimensional Guide Map through the method of Semi-Structure Interviewing, and then the research proceeded to design the final three-dimensional Guide Map of NMNS. In the demonstrating stage, the research chose the experimental subjects with high cooperating consciousness, and made them to complete the test of Spatial Ability. After the test, the investigating selected the target subjects who conformed to the groups of high, low Spatial Ability people, males and females according to the test result. Final experiment provided original plane Guide Map in NMNS and the new designed three-dimensional Guide Map for the visitors who were chosen by last stage of Spatial Ability test, and make them perform way-finding instructions, recollect and also draw the process. When the experiment was finished, the investigation probed the visitors’ evaluation and using consciousness in seeking the way and recalling the memories processes. The research attempted to arrange the difference of visitors’ cognition between the plane Guide Map and the three-dimensional Guide Map through these three directions below, the way-finding behavior（Time, Pauses and Mistakes）, the recollection （Drawing Routes） and the evaluation of visitors’ consciousness.
Finally, this research obtained the result from the experiment and the investigation. All the groups of chosen visitors, low Spatial Ability people, males and females used the three-dimensional Guide Map to seek the way, and the visitors’ performances were totally more outstanding than using the plane Guide Map, regardless of their behavior, memories, or evaluation of consciousness. Nevertheless, when every group used the plane Guide Map or the three-dimensional Guide Map, each group had belonged its own habits and features. Therefore, three-dimensional Guide Map can make most of users obtain more average and better cognition than the plane Guide Map. It also expresses that the Guide Map with the three-dimensional style is showing the future way which is carry through the idea about Universal Design. This research concluded the leading information providing of a Guide Map into five design policies of requirements.（These are five design policies below.）
（1）Correspondence
（2）Readability
（3）Universal
（4）Convenience
（5）Artistic
Expect that public exhibition spaces can provide the Guide Map which is much closer and also conforms to the using requirement of visitors for more groups. And raise the quality of visiting further.