Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Théorie du signal'
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Demarcq, Guillaume. "Le signal monogène couleur : théorie et applications." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00583117.
Full textMellinger, Philippe. "Estimation d'incertitudes d'identification modale avec et sans entrées connues : théorie, validation, application." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S102/document.
Full textDeterminination of vibration characteristics is a crucial step for structure certification or health monitoring. Whatever the method, modes identification of a structure requires vibration tests. During these tests, measurements are made in order to observe responses of the system to known, partially known or unknown excitations. Modal identification methods are global methods. They allow the determination of modes from data post-treatment. Some modal identification methods, such as those based on ARX modelisation error minimisation or subspace methods, have been largely spread into the industry for about fifteen years. Despite this succes, these methods will never provide exact results. Indeed, due to numerous error sources (e.g. sensor noises, environmental noises), modal identifications based on measured data can only lead to modal parameters estimations. By definition, an estimation is subject to statistical errors, also called variances. The purpose of this thesis is to give an in-depth study of these statistical errors estimation. This document is divided in three parts. Firstly, a description of two kind of modal identification methods (ARX modelisation error minimisation and subspace methods) is given. Secondly, the uncertainty estimation principle is explained and propagation schemes of variances are given. Finally, the third part provides an in-depth validation of these methods in order to proceed to industrial utilisations
Perret, Cécile. "Théorie du capital humain versus théorie du signal : application à la réforme du système éducatif chilien dans les années 80." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CLF10201.
Full textDuring the 80’s, a radical reform of the Chilean educational system was implemented. It was aimed at: (I) the decentralization and autonomy of schools and (II) the professionalization of the teachers. In the first part of this thesis we analyze the consequences of this reform inside the educational system and we give evidence for: (I) a geographical and social stratification of result and (II) a deterioration of the quality of secondary education. In the second part, we show that since this institutional reform (in the context of dictatorship) the return to investment in education has decreased. We try to interpret this fact using the classical tools of labor market: human capital theory and signal theory. With pseudo panel datas extracted from “la encuesta occupational de la universidad de Chile », we show, with a mincerian function, that today no compensatory diferentials seem to explain the level of salaries
Dewez, Claude. "Modélisation d'un filtre actif parallèle triphasé pour la dépollution harmonique et synthèse d'une commande basée sur le rejet de perturbations." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2327.
Full textThis thesis deals with a new modelling of a three-phase network in association with a parallel active filter. This modelling results in a state representation which permits to apply the tools of linear control theory. Using this approach the harmonics compensation of electrical networks consists in the direct control of the source current. Thus the description of the system corresponds to its representation in closed loop where the reduction of source current harmonics is treated like a matter of disturbances rejection. This approach is different from common approaches which are usually based on reference tracking control. The proposed approach is validated firstly using simulation with the technical computing software Matlab/Simulinkr, then using a test bench fitted with a shunt active filter linked to the three-phase AC source. The bench, consisting of an IGBT voltage source inverter with associate control, a high-frequency filter and a polluting load which is a three-phase rectifier, is instrumented to measure currents and protected from overloading and overvoltage. The control law is implemented in real time thanks to xPC Target prototyping system
Poignet, Philippe. "Détection de ruptures spectrales au moyen de l'analyse de systèmes singuliers." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT2006.
Full textArgouarch, Arnaud. "Modélisations des discontinuités planaires et tridimensionnelles. Applications à l'étude de l'intégrité de signal des cartes numériques à hautes performances." Rennes, INSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ISAR0003.
Full textThe never-ending quests for reliable digital electronic systems introduce more and more complex problems. In this report, we underline the most important industrial facts in the high efficiency system design. In complement to the proposed solution and studies about conducted and radiated phenomena, we focused the work on the methodology for the signal integrity compliances in industrial domain. This latter is taken into account for all studies in this report. The thesis structure links two different points. The first one concerns power distribution system and the second one, the planar and linear discontinuities. For the power distribution systems (PDS), investigation and introduction on near field characterization is done. The goal is to qualify the PDS efficiency for complex digital boards. Coupled to electrical simulation, the near field diagnostics are realized with experimental measurements to provide intrinsic characteristics and an opening way for future works. The next point concerns discontinuities aspects for linear / planar structures and their modelling for industrial EDA tools. Planar discontinuities for differential pair are investigated just before to introduce artificial neural network to model complex discontinuities like industrial connector. Full-wave analysis is done on a first step with EM simulations and measurements. A new approach combining neural network and behavioural modelling to provide efficiency and user-definable model is proposed. This work and models are directly integrated or linked into EDA tools like Cadence and ADS
Daoudi, Khalid. "Généralisations des systèmes de fonctions itérées : applications au traitement du signal." Paris 9, 1996. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1996PA090078.
Full textChlaily, Saloua. "Modèle d'interaction et performances du traitement du signal multimodal." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT026/document.
Full textThe joint processing of multimodal measurements is supposed to lead to better performances than those obtained using a single modality or several modalities independently. However, in literature, there are examples that show that is not always true. In this thesis, we analyze, in terms of mutual information and estimation error, the different situations of multimodal analysis in order to determine the conditions to achieve the optimal performances.In the first part, we consider the simple case of two or three modalities, each associated with noisy measurement of a signal. These modalities are linked through the correlations between the useful parts of the signal and the correlations between the noises. We show that the performances are improved if the links between the modalities are exploited. In the second part, we study the impact on performance of wrong links between modalities. We show that these false assumptions decline the performance, which can become lower than the performance achieved using a single modality.In the general case, we model the multiple modalities as a noisy Gaussian channel. We then extend literature results by considering the impact of the errors on signal and noise probability densities on the information transmitted by the channel. We then analyze this relationship in the case of a simple model of two modalities. Our results show in particular the unexpected fact that a double mismatch of the noise and the signal can sometimes compensate for each other, and thus lead to very good performances
Preux, Alain. "Antialiassage en synthèse d'images, état de l'art et proposition de méthodes temps réel pour les bords de polygones." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10033.
Full textCarbou, Jean-Damien. "Conception d'une architecture pour la commande à distance d'un robot d'intervention." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20234.
Full textKaiser, Patricia. "Théorie des graphes pour l'optimisation d'un équipement radio logicielle multi-standards." Phd thesis, Supélec, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00828443.
Full textRevaux, Charles. "Simplification des modèles de rais en sismique via la théorie de l'information et du traitement du signal : application en tectonique complexe." Pau, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PAUU3026.
Full textWe developed an original method for modeling the wave propagation based on information theory and signal processing suited to the solving of complex tectonics problems. In a first step, it consists in smoothing the velocity model by removing the details the signal source cannot see (low-pass filter). We make the choice of decomposing the interfaces into circular elements according to the resolution of the source signal. In a second step, by considering the accuracy of time measurements, which is related to the time sampling interval, it is possible to make an error in the calculation of traveltimes. It leads to the concept of " beam ", the portion of the wave for which the error in traveltimes is lower than half the time sampling interval. Associated with ray theory, these two concepts make it possible to decompose the wave propagation problem into a series of elementary problems which can be solved analytically. It leads to the development of a new technique for modeling wave propagation , denoted Signal Based Ray Tracing (SBRT). The elementary problem solved corresponds to a sampling of the caustic associated to an interface. This decomposition into several elementary problems makes SBRT a method that is inexpensive in computing time and adapted to the solving of wave propagation problems in a complex geology context. SBRT overcomes some of the limitations encountered by standard ray tracing methods : it is not limited by caustics ; no ray is omitted ; multiple arrivals are calculated. A significant contribution is its ability to take into account interface phenomena such as total reflexions and head-waves. SBRT can also deal with strong impedance contrasts. The results of SBRT are compared with those of the Spectral Element Method (Komatitsch, 1997) and those of the Finite DifferenceMethod (Virieux, 1986)
Auger, François. "Représentations temps-fréquence des signaux non-stationnaires : synthèse et contribution." Nantes, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NANT2056.
Full textMahot, Mélanie. "Estimation robuste de la matrice de covariance en traitement du signal." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00906143.
Full textPereira, Mike. "Champs aléatoires généralisés définis sur des variétés riemanniennes : théorie et pratique." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM055.
Full textGeostatistics is the branch of statistics attached to model spatial phenomena through probabilistic models. In particular, the spatial phenomenon is described by a (generally Gaussian) random field, and the observed data are considered as resulting from a particular realization of this random field. To facilitate the modeling and the subsequent geostatistical operations applied to the data, the random field is usually assumed to be stationary, thus meaning that the spatial structure of the data replicates across the domain of study. However, when dealing with complex spatial datasets, this assumption becomes ill-adapted. Indeed, how can the notion of stationarity be defined (and applied) when the data lie on non-Euclidean domains (such as spheres or other smooth surfaces)? Also, what about the case where the data clearly display a spatial structure that varies across the domain? Besides, using more complex models (when it is possible) generally comes at the price of a drastic increase in operational costs (computational and storage-wise), rendering them impossible to apply to large datasets. In this work, we propose a solution to both problems, which relies on the definition of generalized random fields on Riemannian manifolds. On one hand, working with generalized random fields allows to naturally extend ongoing work that is done to leverage a characterization of random fields used in Geostatistics as solutions of stochastic partial differential equations. On the other hand, working on Riemannian manifolds allows to define such fields on both (only) locally Euclidean domains and on locally deformed spaces (thus yielding a framework to account for non-stationary cases). The discretization of these generalized random fields is undertaken using a finite element approach, and we provide an explicit formula for a large class of fields comprising those generally used in applications. Finally, to solve the scalability problem,we propose algorithms inspired from graph signal processing to tackle the simulation, the estimation and the inference of these fields using matrix-free approaches
Simon, Carine. "Séparation aveugle des sources en mélange convolutif." Marne-la-vallée, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MARN0084.
Full textLima, Ferrer de Almeida André. "Tensor modeling and signal processing for wireless communication systems." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE4056.
Full textIn several signal processing applications for wireless communications, the received signal is multidimensional in nature and may exhibit a multilinear algebraic structure. In this context, the PARAFAC tensor decomposition has been the subject of several works in the past six years. However, generalized tensor decompositions are necessary for covering a wider class of wireless communications systems with more complex transmission structures, more realistic channel models and more efficient receiver signal processing. This thesis investigates tensor modelling approaches for multiple-antenna systems, channel equalization, signal separation and parametric channel estimation? New tensor decompositions, namely, the block-constrained PARAFAC and CONFAC decompositions are developed and studied in terms of identifiability. Fist, the block-constrained PARAFAC decompositions applied for a unified tensor modelling of oversampled, DS-CDMA and OFDM systems applications to blind multiuser equalization. This decomposition is also used for modelling multiple-antenna (MIMO) transmission systems with block space-time spreading and blind detection, which generalizes previous tensor-based MIMO transmission models. The CONFAC decomposition is then exploited for designing new uniqueness properties of this decomposition? This thesis also studies new applications f third-order PARAFAC decomposition? A new space-time-frequency spreading system is proposed for multicarrier multiple-access systems, where this decomposition is used as a joint spreading and multiplexing tool at the transmitter using tridimensional spreading code with trilinear structure. Finally, we present a PARAC modelling approach for the parametric estimation of SIMO and MIMO multipath wireless channels with time-varying structure
Nickovic, Dejan. "Vérification de propriétés temporisées : théorie et applications." Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10185.
Full textThe growth of consumer embedded devices, where digital, analog and software components are often combined together on a single chip, results in an increase of complexity of the design and verification processes. The validation of such analog and mixed-signal systems largely relies on simulation-based techniques combined with often ad-hoc analysis methods. This thesis is motivated by exportation of property-based formai techniques to the validation of analog and mixed-signal systems, at their continuous and timed levels of abstraction. Since the formai verification of non-trivial continuous systems remains very difficult, we resort to a lighter validation technique, that is, property-based monitoring. We define signal temporallogic STL as a high-Ievel specification language that allows expressing temporal properties of continuous and timed signais. STL is as an extension of the realtime metric interval temporallogic MITL, where continuous signais are transformed into Boolean ones using numerical predicates, and the temporal relations between them are expressed using standard real-time temporal operators whose atomic propositions correspond to those predicates. We develop two monitoring procedures, offline and incremental, for checking the correctness of simulation traces with respect to STL properties and implement them into a stand alone analog monitoring tool (AMT). The property¬ based monitoring framework is applied, using the AMT tool, to two real-world case studies, considering properties of a FLASH memory cell and a DDR2 memory interface. We also consider the problem of property-based formai verification of timed systems, and develop a modular translation from MITL formulae with past and future operators to timed automata. The construction that we propose is based on temporal testers, a special class of input/output timed automata that realize the sequential functions defined by the semantics of MITL operators. We first show how every MITL formula can be expressed using six basic temporal operators (three for past and three for future) and show how to build a temporal tester for each of these operators. Temporal testers for arbitrary MITL formulae are obtained by composing these elementary testers. Finally, we develop a procedure for automatic synthesis of controllers from high-Ievel specifications expressed in the bounded fragment of metric temporallogic (MTL). We propose a translation from properties specified in this real-time logic and under bounded variability assumption, into deterministic timed automata to which we apply safety synthesis algorithms to build a controller that satisfies the specification by construction
Gaviot, Étienne. "Application des méthodes de la théorie du signal à la dissociation des énergies en régime variable." Lille 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LIL10010.
Full textAmrani, Mohamed. "Etude de la solution approchée de problèmes quasilinéaires et analyse d'un problème en théorie du signal." Metz, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1995/Amrani.Mohamed.SMZ9535.pdf.
Full textIn the first part of this work, we complete the results obtained by N. André and M. Chipot about the approximate solution of some class of elliptic problems, by using the simplest finite element method. In particular, in two dimensional case, we present a new technique to prove uniqueness for the approximate solution when the mesh size approaches zero, under optimal assumptions about the angles of the triangulation. Moreover, we studied the discrete maximum principle, the convergence, the regularity and the uniqueness in higher dimension. In the second part, we are interested in an industrial problem suggested by Landis & Gyr energy management. This problem consist of finding a numerical technique to measure the energy of an electrical signal
Ahriz, Iness. "Application des techniques d'apprentissage à la géolocalisation par radio fingerprint." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066355.
Full textHoucke, Sébastien. "Séparation autodidacte d'un mélange de sources émettant à des débits inconnus et éventuellement différents." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MARN0348.
Full textBoivin, David. "Systèmes de communications cohérents : estimation du bruit de phase non-linéaire et étude de la modulation de phase duobinaire." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA2079.
Full textJoachim, Christian. "Contribution au traitement moléculaire du signal : comportements intramoléculaires." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985ESAE0002.
Full textRakotondrainibe, Lahatra. "Conception et réalisation d'un systme de communications sans fil très haut débit à 60 GHz pour les applications WPAN." Rennes, INSA, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ISAR0026.
Full text60 GHz wireless systems that are currently under standardization within the unlicensed 57-66 GHz band are targeting multi-gigabit data rate for wireless personal area networks (WPANs) applications. Up to now, in the literature, several studies have considered the characterization of the propagation channel, potential applications, antennas, circuit design issues and several modulations at 60 GHz. However, few efforts have been dedicated to the realization of a 60 GHz wireless communications system and the characterization of its performance in realistic environments. This work, conducted under the Techim@ges research project supported by French “Media and Networks Cluster” and in association with Palmyre project, presents a full experimental implementation of a 60 GHz wireless Gigabit Ethernet communication system operating at near gigabit data rate (more precisely at 875 Mbps). As the 60 GHz radio link operates only in a single room configuration, a hybrid technology with the Radio-over-Fiber is used to ensure the communications in all the rooms of a residential environment. The realized system covers 2 GHz available bandwidth. By using the existing 60 GHz millimeter-wave blocks, this work is based on the design and realization of the baseband and intermediate frequency architectures (channel coding, modulation, synchronization, etc. ). A DBPSK single-carrier modulation is retained at the transmitter (Tx). The structure of the proposed receiver (Rx) is based on a simple differential demodulation to reduce the inter-symbol interference effect and a signal processing unit comprising byte/frame synchronization, a descrambler and an RS(255,239) decoder. An original byte/frame synchronization technique is designed to obtain a small value of the preamble false alarm and missing probabilities. The proposed system provides a good trade-off between performance and complexity. Performance measurements have been achieved in different environments and in different configurations. Measurement results show a good communication link quality and a low bit error rate (BER) for a 30 meters distance between Tx and Rx, using high gain antennas and for line-of-sight conditions
N'Da, Patrick Amoikon. "Impact du bruit impulsif sur les transmissions SDSl." Rennes, INSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ISAR0024.
Full textImpulse noises represent an important impairment for SDSL transmissions specially for real-time applications. Nevertheless, the modification of SDSL system structure allows, at the cost of some more delay, to increase the robustness against impulse noises. In the first chapter of this thesis the principles and the global structure of SDSL is presented. The second chapter show the impact of impulse noises over SDSL transmission. The third chapter is devoted to some techniques involved in the correction of impulse noises effect. The fourth chapter presents in details an ARQ technique proposed to reduce the impulse noises effects over SDSL. The fifth and last chapter deals with performance increase with respect to the data rate in multipair. This performance improvement is achieve with the help of crosstalk cancellation. The data rate increase the relatively important for high data rate. Other algorithm much more faster can applied to this system in the same manner to achieve better performance and improve the work done
Caron, Julien. "Restauration en échantillonnage irrégulier, théorie et applications aux signaux et images satellitaires." Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0108.
Full textPerformances of remote-sensing satellites have been increasing fast thanks to developing technologies but also the better understanding and integration of complex physical phenomena occurring during the acquisition. This thesis report adresses several irregular sampling problems including the microvibrations of push-broom satellites whose imaging capabilities allow for the computation of very accurate numerical elevation models. We also adress the inversion of interferograms in spectrogrametry where the sampling irregularity is caused by imperfectly machined reflecting components. Microvibrations in the single pitch case are estimated from a perturbed, non-dense disparity map under sparsity constraints. Experiments show that this modeling and the developed algorithms can solve this ill-posed problem. Furthermore, an additional regularity hypothesis on the elevation improves this estimation for more difficult cases. Images suffering from micro-vibrations during acquisition necessitate a sampling correction together with deblurring and fast restoration. The algorithm we present here fulfills these requirements thanks an adaptation of the splines setting to the deblurring case, it is faster than state-of-the-art algorithms with equivalent performances. Finally, we adress the interferogram inversion problem in which the signals and sampling sets raise many questions, this work was achieved during a R&T study of the SIFTI instrument examined at CNES, it clarifies these questions in the form of theoretical and numerical results
Rousseau, Hervé. "Detection - estimation conjointes a partir des plans temps-echelles et temps-frequence." Cergy-Pontoise, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CERG0030.
Full textDesbenoit, Brett. "Modélisation et simulation de scènes naturelles complexes." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10214.
Full textIn this thesis, we address the modelling realistic natural sceneries. We focus on the modelling of details and their distribution in a complex scene. Details have a great impact over the overall realism of the final scene. Our approach consists in modeling details such as mushrooms, lichens, leaves or fractures and storing them in an atlas of shapes. Those details are distributed in the scene according to specific physically and biologically based dispersion and propagation algorithms, which are controlled by the parameters of the environment such as the wetness, the temperature or the amount of direct and indirect lighting. Our approach enables us to add a vast variety of details without the burden of editing them by hand
Kanhouche, Rami. "Méthodes mathématiques en traitement du signal pour l'estimation spectrale." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136093.
Full textDimeglio, Chloé. "Méthodes d'estimations statistiques et apprentissage pour l'imagerie agricole." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU30110.
Full textWe have to provide reliable information on the acreage estimate of crop areas. We have time series of indices contained in satellite images, and thus sets of curves. We propose to segment the space in order to reduce the variability of our initial classes of curves. Then, we reduce the data volume and we find a set of meaningful representative functions that characterizes the common behavior of each crop class. This method is close to the extraction of a "structural mean". We compare each unknown curve to a curve of the representative base and we allocate each curve to the class of the nearest representative curve. At the last step we learn the error of estimates on known data and correct the first estimate by calibration
Rilling, Gabriel. "Décompositions Modales Empiriques : Contributions à la théorie, l'algorithmie et l'analyse de performances." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00442634.
Full textVallet, Pascal. "Random matrices and applications to statistical signal processing." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1055/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we consider the problem of source localization in large sensor networks, when the number of antennas of the network and the number of samples of the observed signal are large and of the same order of magnitude. We also consider the case where the source signals are deterministic, and we develop an improved algorithm for source localization, based on the MUSIC method. For this, we fist show new results concerning the position of the eigen values of large information plus noise complex gaussian random matrices
Giulieri, Laurent. "Séparation aveugle de sources basée sur l'utilisation des transformées spatiales quadratiques." Toulon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUL0016.
Full textWe are concerned with the blind source separation for instantaneous mixing problem using quadratic spatial trans-forms. The central problematics and these main works being presented, the tools (joint diagonalization and zero-diagonalization of a set of matrices, quadratic and bilinear transforms with the particular case of the time-frequency representations, extension to the vectorial case with the quadratic spatial transforms) used to developed methods are detailed. The study of quadratic spatial transform of mixed sources, in the noiseless case, represents the original work of this document. It leads to the design of the two automatic selection criteria of time-frequency points allowing to the elaboration of the set of matrices having to be joint diagonalized and/or joint zero-diagonalized. The first criterion is intended for the uncorrelated deterministic sources mixing, previously whitened, where the mixing could be complex. The second criterion, more general, is intended for the correlated deterministic sources mixing. The whitening step is removed and the joint diagonalization techniques are replaced by a technic without constraint, limiting the separation performances. We show that it is possible to solve the problem by an analytical way. Finally, the noise effect on quadratic spatial time-frequency representation is studied in order to design new decision strategies for the adaptation of the automatic selection criteria to the noisy case
Ramdani, Mohamed. "Notation : cours boursiers et efficience du marché financier." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100160.
Full textIn france, the rating agencies have existed since 1986. The reasons for their creation analyzed in the first part of our research work are the following : -deregulation, financial innovation and development market were the main factors having helped their development. - the theoretical reasons for their activity are the asymetric information characterized by selection adverse and moral hazard. The origin and process and analysis method of the rating agencies have then been studied. The demand for an issue rating on the capital market is a demand divided into three poles : issuer, rating agency and investor. This leads to the second part of our work : the representation of the relationship issuer-rating agency. The possible behaviour of the rating agency, taking into account the demand, the environment and its attitude to risk have thus been underlined. Its credibility and its reputation depend on the pressure on the demand which is the inciting factor forcing the rating agency to behave as a perfect agent. In the relationship rating agency-investor, the rating is universal information. It is a means of communication which enables the issuer of signal, certify, guarantee and secure the investor of the quality of the stock issues
Cosandier-Rimélé, Delphine. "Modélisation spatio-temporelle d’activités épileptiques transitoires : apport dans l’interprétation des signaux EEG de surface et de profondeur." Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1S035.
Full textThis work deals with the interpretation of electrophysiological signals recorded in epileptic patients candidate to surgery. This issue is addressed through a realistic modelling of electroencephalographic (EEG) and stereo-electroencephalographic (SEEG) signals. This modelling approach is based on a physiologically relevant representation of the sources of brain activity, which associates a biophysical model of dipolar sources with a biomathematical model of neuronal populations. Simulated signals, obtained by solving the forward problem in the head conductor volume, are compared to real EEG and SEEG signals recorded in patients. Our results show that the approach allows for studying, on the one hand, the relationships between the spatio-temporal organisation of neuronal sources and the properties of the observed signal, and on the other hand, the relationship of the scalp EEG activities to the underlying intracerebral field potentials
Ait, Amrane Omar. "Identification de systèmes à réponse impulsionnelle longue par filtrage adaptatif en fréquence : application à l'annulation d’échos acoustiques." Paris, ENST, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ENST0026.
Full textGoupil, Philippe. "Estimation de la température virtuelle de l'atmosphère : modélisation et analyse spectrale de signaux de télédétection radio acoustique (RASS)." Toulouse, INPT, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPT030H.
Full textStoll, Benoît. "Optimisation de Fonctions de Contraste en Séparation de Sources." Toulon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUL0001.
Full textBlind Source Separation aim to recover a set of M independent signals called sources from the observation of N mixtures. Several Source Separation methods exist, most of them are based on Higher Order Statistics. Those methods exploit the source independence hypothesis. Among them we consider the case of the source separation based on contrast function optimization in a spatial linear mixture case. We first propose two contrast families including as a particular case some existing contrasts. Then we determine the optimal solution in a two sources case for this couple of contrast families, thus proposing two algorithms which constitute two classic algorithm generalizations. Then, we study constrained contrast optimization in order to propose algorithms which don't need, as before, data pre-whitening. Two direct constrained optimization method families are considered : the dual methods and the direct methods. Thus we can develop algorithms using Lagrangian concept, penalization concept and a concept of projecting onto the constraint. Com¬puter simulations illustrate the behaviour of the algorithms
Vultaggio, Christian. "Les méthodes de la théorie du signal appliquées à l'analyse des transferts thermiques sur la surface d'une paroi opaque en régime variable." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10001.
Full textMichoux, Nicolas. "Applications de la théorie des systèmes dynamiques non linéaires à la caractérisation de signaux biomédicaux et à leur modélisation." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES009.
Full textDuthoit, Bruno. "Les méthodes de la théorie du signal appliquées à l'étude des interactions énergétiques entre une paroi opaque et son environnement." Lille 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LIL10058.
Full textDefer, Didier. "Théorie du signal appliquée à la caractérisation thermique et au contrôle non destructif des ouvrages in situ sous sollicitations aléatoires." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10147.
Full textBoutin, Jean-Philippe. "Systèmes de réputation et préférences des consommateurs : application de la théorie de la détection du signal au commerce en ligne." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28107.
Full textBourien, Jérôme. "Analyse de distributions spatio-temporelles de transitoires dans des signaux vectoriels. Application à la détection classificationd'activités paroxystiques intercritiques dans des observations EEG." Rennes 1, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007178.
Full textGillard, Nicolas. "Traitement du signal quantique : effets de bruit utile et intrication." Thesis, Angers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANGE0036.
Full textHere we examine standard signal processing issues, such as signal detection in noise, parametric estimation from noisy signals, transmission of information over a noisy channel, but in a quantum framework. We follow more specifically a specific thread, already well developed in classical, and constituted by the effects of useful noise or stochastic resonance phenomenon - situations of signal or information processing in the presence of noise, where the performance does not monotonically deteriorate when the noise level increases, but instead where the increase in noise can be beneficial to the processing. In the presence of quantum signals and noises, we thus highlight the possibility of such stochastic resonance effects, in tasks of detection, estimation or signal transmission. In these quantum signal processing studies, we also encounter a specifically quantum property consisting of entanglement. We also investigate the contribution of entanglement, with purely quantum benefits that are inaccessible in classical, obtained for signal processing tasks in the presence of noise that we are studying. We also consider two-dimensional signals that can be likened to digital processing of quantum images. The quantum signal processing studies developed here are mainly theoretical and numerical. In addition, we present experimental implementations that we have been able to achieve thanks to a quantum processor made accessible online by the IBM company (IBM Q 14 Melbourne processor of 14 qubits)
Nouvellet, Adrien. "Avancées récentes en traitement statistique du signal appliquées à l'estimation et la détection d'ondes infrasonores." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0011/document.
Full textThe core of this thesis is the infrasound signal processing and particularly the estimation and detection using a sensor array. The themes presented here are well-suited to experimentation and we tried, as much as possible, to illustrate the theoretical results with real data. The first part describes the implications and difficulties of infrasonic detection. We review the state-of-the-art of detection techniques based on hypothesis testing and supplement them with the aim of automatic detection. The second part of this thesis highlights the error on the angle of arrival estimation due to considering the arrays as planar (common approximation). In response to this problem, a new estimator considering the full geometry of the array and including an a priori on the speed of the infrasonic wave is derived and studied. We show that the described estimator significantly improve performance. The third part introduces the modeling of infrasonic signal as autoregressive process. This modeling allows us to derived a sequential approach to detect infrasound based on the beamforming and the detection of abrupt changes. The last part of this manuscript aims to propose an alternative "signal'' model. We present new results highlighting a phenomenon of loss of coherence of the signals recorded by different sensors. This work leads to the generation of synthetic infrasonic signal in order to study the performance of the detection algorithms
Berthelot, Florent. "Méthodologie de conception haut niveau pour architectures reconfigurables dynamiquement." Rennes, INSA, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ISAR0020.
Full textThis document presents a methodology flow targeting runtime reconfigurable components. This methodology is based on a high level specification of the dynamically reconfigurable architecture and handles RTL generation steps for implementation. This methodology uses SynDEx CAD software for algorithm specification at system level as well as heterogeneous architecture specification, composed of FPGAs and DSPs. A matching process (AAA) is proceed to find the best implementation of the application over the architecture. Our work is focused on the use of runtime reconfigurable components and specially lasts FPGA devices
Debreux, Philippe. "Correction numérique des non-linéarités dans les émetteurs de radiodiffusion numérique terrestre." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10307.
Full textAsse, Abdallah. "Aide au diagnostic industriel par des méthodes basées sur la théorie des sous-ensembles flous." Valenciennes, 1985. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/c72e776b-0420-445e-bc8f-063e67804dad.
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