Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Théories monétaires'
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Levasseur, Sandrine. "Intégration économique et monétaire : théories et application à l'Europe." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEL354.
Full textFemenias, Laurent. "L'euro à la lumière des théories monétaires holistes contemporaines." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00359351.
Full textFémenias, Laurent. "L' euro à la lumière des théories monétaires holistes contemporaines." Dijon, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00359351.
Full textThe thesis begins by explaining, in a first part, the genealogy of a heterodox tradition called “holist monetary approach”, which refuses dichotomic theories and the classical conception of the veil of money. It shows the proximities of these positions with a tradition consisting in thinking money as a “total social fact” involving far more than the three usual economic functions attributed to money. Recent research works conducted in France around Aglietta and Orléan fit in with this tradition. The thesis also leans on theories developed in Keynes’ wake, sharing with the “social fact” approaches a holist methodology. The latter involves a main focus on macroeconomic analysis, which is, in our opinion, the only efficient way to consider money as the first theoretical basis for economics. The thesis shows then, in a second part, that the themes enlightened on the one hand by post-Keynesian macroeconomics (radical uncertainty, endogenous money, etc. ) and on the other hand by new institutionalist monetary theories (legitimacy, trust, sovereignty, money as a social link, etc. ) enable, when considered together, a better understanding of the euro and of the European Central Bank’s monetary policy. Thus, two questions, both equally important but generally not resolved globally by the economists may find an answer: the question of the integration of money into the economic analysis, and the question of how money is then accepted by the economic agents
Hairault, Jean-Olivier. "L'influence de la monnaie dans les fluctuations économiques : évaluation empirique et fondements théoriques." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010044.
Full textThe dissertation's first part surveys the literature on the sources of economic fluctuations. It is indeed useful to assess the importance of work contesting the role of money in business cycles. The second part provides empirical evidence on the influence of monetary shocks in OECD's main countries economic fluctuations. Finally, the third part deals with economic mechanisms susceptible to determine the importance of monetary shocks in explaining economic fluctuations
D'Avino, Loredana. "Les mouvements de capitaux en union économique et monétaire : approches historiques et théoriques." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCG009.
Full textThe liberalization of international capital flows seems linked to the increase and worsening of financial crisis. Since the financial crisis in 2007-2008, the ideological dimension of “happy globalization” has brought to light and given new strength to dissentient voices that could not be heard before. This thesis tries to evaluate the importance of capital flows on the stability of à financial system. Its purpose is to compare different financial systems and levels of financial liberalization, using the Economic and Monetary Union as an example because it combined full liberalization of the capital market within the zone a well as in relations with the outside. We have considered the need or desirability of regulating the global capital market in order to limit economic and financial instability. The Monetary Union remains the most affected region by the crisis, where growth stagnates and political crises follow one another, because its structural flaws have been revealed: growing economic divergences accentuated by the single currency, the lack of institutions management of banking, financial and economic crises, the lack of a unifying culture.In this economic space, the capital flows freely, the separation between the monetary space and the fiscal space is very clear, the budgetary transfers and the sharing of the debt are impossible, as well as the prohibition of the monetary financing. The purpose of this work is to show that all this prevents the coordination of economic and financial cycles, and leaves some doubt about the possibility of survival of the area
Beine, Michel. "Union monétaire européenne et théorie des zones monétaires optimales." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212285.
Full textYou, Jong-Gueon. "Définitions formelle et fonctionnelle de la monnaie : grille de lecture pour les théories monétaires de I. Fisher, de J.M. Keynes et de K. Marx." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100066.
Full textMoney is an ambivalent concept and so, has to be defined in its double dimension, flow and stock one. But, besides some exception, the large numbers of definition of the money has been one-dimensional and inclined for either the stock aspect (formal definition) or the flow aspect (functional definition). In this context, the thesis suggest a bi-dimensional definition of money in the form of table containing jointly the two defining dimensions of money, form and function. Instead of setting up analytical and operational model, we have tried, for the purpose of more large implications, its applications to the releadings of some old authors whose monetary theory hinge on the problem of ambivalence. That is the case of I. Fisher, J. M. Keynes and K. Marx. For I. Fisher, the problem lies implicit is his cycle theory. J. M. Keynes has gone farther in analytical point de view, but it is doubtful that his arguments are convincing. Finally, it would be K. Marx who gives the most fertile way in the methodological point of view
Hédreville, Manix. "La théorie standard des unions monétaires à l'épreuve de l'Histoire." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100104.
Full textHistory of monetary unions is a relatively unexplored area for economics. All the same, one can learn great lessons from it. The first interest of this work is to present a historical and quantitative analysis of currency union phenomena since 19th century. Here, are studied five experiences of monetary unions: Latin Union, Scandinavian Monetary Union, CFA-franc zone, Eastern Caribbean Monetary Union and Euroland’s monetary union. This examination strengthens even more the institutionalist argument that standard Optimum Currency Areas (OCA) theory is satisfactory neither on the “positive” level nor on the “normative” one. Therefore the orthodox theory must be abandoned for the benefit of a conception of money as a sovereign institution. That calls for a multidisciplinary approach of monetary unions, with a great deal of room devoted to conceptual tools developed in the scope of International Political Economy. On that assumption, we assess the probability of occurrence of currency unions in the developing world – more specially in MERCOSUR – by distinguishing on the regime supply side, as on the regime demand side, forces that are able to carry into accomplishment (or to jeopardize) monetary union. That is the second main interest of our work
Guillaumin, Cyriac. "La formation d'une zone monétaire en Asie de l'Est : une application de la théorie des zones monétaires optimales." Paris 13, 2007. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2007_guillaumin.pdf.
Full textIn 1997-1998, the Asian financial crisis brought about a revival of the idea of the creation of a monetary union in this region of the world. This revival appeared in the search of a more stable international monetary system. This thesis studies the benchmark in which a monetary area would be feasible for East Asian countries. The first part of the thesis focuses on the degree of asymmetry of shocks for these countries. The empirical analysis underlines heterogeneity of the shocks which is accentuated since the 1997 crisis. At present, the formation of a monetary union can be possible only for some countries in the form of a local monetary union. The second part analyses the financial component of the theory of optimal currency areas which was ignored for a long time or wrongly employed. This study reveals an imperfect financial integration between East Asian countries. There may exist however interdependences between interest rates which render national monetary policies less autonomous. If a monetary union does not appear as a credible exchange rate regime in the short run, the implementation of an exchange rate agreement can provide a solution for increasing this cooperation and supporting the economic growth and making less problematic exchange rates instability between great currencies for other countries in the region
Boyer, des Roches Jérôme de. "Théories de la monnaie et politique monétaire." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010027.
Full textMounoussamy, Julie. "Fondements théoriques et empiriques des crises monétaires." Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0026.
Full textMonetary crises are the first financial crises in economic history, which result in the elimination or substitution of national currencies. The aim of this thesis is to study the theoretical and empirical foundations of monetary crises. Furthermore, a framework for the prevention of such crises, raging in the Euro zone since 2008, is provided. The current economic and political debates about this issue reflect the persistence and the extent of this crisis, in which the Euro's legitimacy and sovereignty is threatened in the medium term. The various rescue plans and austerity policies in troubled member states are direct consequences and costs of this crisis. Consequently, supervisory authorities need to be more vigilant in strengthening their prevention policy. The purpose of this thesis is twofold: in the first part, we analyze the concept, the historical and theoretical foundations of monetary crises, and then develop a typology of them. In the second part, we provide an empirical contribution on the determinants of monetary crises in the euro area and propose a tool for preventing currency crises by setting up an Early Warning System, through the econometric approach of the multinomial logit model. As the primary indicator of monetary crises, the detection and measurement of real exchange rate misalignments within the euro area is decisive. The equilibrium exchange rates estimation allows the assessment of currency over- or undervaluation, which is essential for the implementation of an early warning system
Solis, Stephane. "Théories de l'investissement et politique monétaire : l'expérience canadienne entre 1970-1982." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65998.
Full textLaurentjoye, Thibault. "Essais sur la Monnaie et le Change : contribution à un renouvellement de la théorie des zones monétaires." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0050.
Full textThis thesis is composed of three essays: one on money (part one), and two on exchange rates (part two).The first part of the thesis (chapters 1-3) will aim to identify how the fundamental characteristics of money interact with each other.This will take place by reviewing the different definitions of money in the first chapter, both in and outside economic literature, and then the functions attributed to money, in order to identify those that we believe are most relevant. In the second chapter, we will take a detour through history and anthropology to identify stylized facts of the interactions between the account and payment functions at different times. The third chapter will be an opportunity to present a theory of money based on the notion of monetary spaces. The specificity of our approach will be to stress that the system of account used is both a property of prices and money forms, while money is defined as a two-dimensional entity: monetary forms and units of account.The second part of the thesis (chapters 4-5) will be composed of two independent chapters that offer complementary perspectives on some of the limitations of accepted exchange rate theory.The fourth chapter will focus on the taxonomy of exchange rate regimes and propose a revision of the accepted hierarchy, according to which fixed and flexible exchange rates are the only serious modalities available to a country or group of countries. To do this, we will first review the different types of exchange rate regimes identified by the IMF (section 1) and recall the qualities that are usually attributed to different types of regimes (section 2). We will isolate two dimensions in particular: adjustment (section 3) and price visibility (section 4), which we will use to form a benchmark to compare several exchange rate categories (section 5). The analysis suggests that the crawling peg, or sliding parity, is an exchange rate regime that presents an interesting compromise between these two aspects.The fifth chapter will focus on currency crises. After presenting the different generations of currency crisis models (section 1), we will introduce a distinction between unilateral pegs, which apply to a situation where one country decides to anchor its currency to that of another, and reciprocal pegs, which reflects a mutual commitment of the group of countries involved in the anchoring process. In the latter case, a peg may be unbreakable. The last section will discuss the limits of the famous monetary trilemma, which focuses on the constraints to which monetary policy is subject. We will see that the trilemma suffers from multiple exceptions. We will therefore suggest that the trilemma is actually a quadrilemma, the fourth peak of which is the presence of a constraint on foreign exchange reserves
Steta, Annick. "L'unification allemande à la lumière de la théorie des zones monétaires optimales." Nancy 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN20011.
Full textThrough the case of Germany's economic and monetary reunification, the purpose of this thesis is to attempt to identify a criterion in order to link the field of analysis of optimum currency areas to the realm of political choices, which were the main drivers of Germany's reunification. It is comprised of three parts. A first part shows how the strategy of reunification through the immediate introduction of the deutsche Mark in East Germany partook of Germany's tradition of initiating a political unification by resorting to monetary instruments. A second part intends to explain Germany's currency reunification in the light of the theory of optimum currency areas developped by Mundell [1961], Mc Kinnon [1963], Kennen [1969] and Ingram [1969]. It shows that, although the region formed by the two Germanys did not meet the classic criteria of an optimum currency area, it did fulfil the homogeneity of preferences condition as set by Cooper [1977] and Kindleberger [1986]. A third part overturns the classic conception of optimum currency areas. Based on Germany's experience of monetary unification, it enriches the notion of praticable monetary areas. Whereas the Bourguinat [1992] the homogeneity of preferences is a sufficient condition for the developement of a monetary union, the criteria set by Mundelle [1961] and his successors are the necessary conditions. For the monetary union built upon preferences common to the union's member to the praticable, economic policies must drive it to meet the traditionnal criteria set in the theory of optimum currency areas
Sokic, Alexandre. "La théorie monétaire et budgétaire de l'hyperinflation : problèmes et perspectives." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR1EC10.
Full textThe main object of this thesis is to highlight the conditions of the hyperinflation monetarist model flaw in order to draw its limits and to suggest a new prospect for it. According to the monetarist theory, hyperinflation is the result of a too large government budget deficit financed by the revenue from seignorage. However, this thesis shows that there are some configurations of the model where it can't sustain the standard explanation of hyperinflation. In these configurations there is no accelerating inflation when the government budget deficit exceeds the maximum steady-state value of seignorage. Paradoxically, a hyperdeflation gets underway: it's the "hyperdeflation paradox". Nevertheless, it is shown that it is not true to assert that no hyperinflationary process can be generated in the hyperdeflation paradox conditions. Indeed, this thesis shows the possibility of hyperinflationary bubbles in all paradoxical configurations. Then, this work shows that a second paradox exists in the monetary and fiscal theory of hyperinflation because in this theory hyperinflation was viewed exclusively as a monetary phenomenon. After the examination of the relevance of the paradoxical paths generated by this model with the help of microeconomic foundations of money demand and econometric investigations, this thesis formulates some recommendations for the potential users of the model
Le, Maux Laurent. "La banque libre : théorie, expériences, débats." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100101.
Full textAubert, Ludovic. "Crédibilité et interdépendance des politiques monétaires : choix et soutenabilité d'un régime de change : réflexions théoriques applicables aux relations monétaires européennes." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE0054.
Full textThe economic scene displayed by western countries has been deeply altered these last decades. Constraints faced economic decision makers in their choices has been therefore transformed. Politicians and economists' speeches are so agreeing to, of coordination and credibility of economic policies. This thesis considers the study in a homogeneous theoritical framework related to a two-countries model, these two issues applied to the monetary policy and henceforth to outline the implications or the choice and sustainability of a exchange rate regime. The first part considers a comparative analysis of exchange rate systems, which are supposed intangible. The second one is referring to the possibility of each state to support a contrained exchange rate system within a dynamic framework where phenomenous of reputation and retaliation are involving
Ülgen, Faruk. "L'endogénéité de la monnaie : ébauche d'une théorie de l'économie monétaire." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100012.
Full textOne of the main problems of the economic theory comes from the difficulties of the integration of money in the traditional models. The study presented here aims to propose some minimal theoretical conditions required for the explication of the modern monetary economies from the monetary postulate. The money is defined as the whole rules concerning the creation, the circulation and the annulation (destruction) of the means of payment (and settlement) in a given payments system. The money and the existence of a decentralized and private economy are conceived together. The money is not integrated into the value theory but he defines a particular economy which is monetary. The money endogeneity is a central proposition of this theoretical position. After the presentation of the payments system, we make a comparison with some representative general equilibrium and post Keynesian endogenous money approaches. Part 2 and part 3 are proposed in order to outline the necessary elements of the conceptualization of a monetary economy. These elements are the Keynesian effective demand, the idea of functioning of the economy in disequilibrium, the role and the behaviour of the banking system in the financing process of the economy and the interventions of a public central bank
Rodriguez-Calaza, Juan. "Marché unique, union monétaire européenne et théorie économique : une reconsidération critique." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100038.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is not to question the project of the e. M. U. , but to warn of the risk a certain number of european countries (or regions), particularly those of the periphery, will run under a single currency. Thus, it is the emerson report that is the main target of our criticisms. Given that e. M. U. Does not allow the remedy of a competitive insufficiencies by a variation in exchange rates, the mobility of the workforce and the flexibility of wages and prices must replace a devaluation. However, the mobility of production factors is far from being virtuous. The lack of public goods in backward regions faced with external economies benetitting from the advantage of infrastructure and agglomeration of developed countries, favours the mobility of production factors towards the latter and accentuate regional inequalities. It we had exogenous adjustment mechanisms in europe - as in the united states, for example - to stop or alleviate the thrust caused by phenomena characteristic of a vicious circle, we would at least be in the presence of a lesser problem. Unfortunately, such conditions do not exist in europe. Industrial changes and the structural substitution of unskilled labour by technical progress and skilled labour already create a serious unemployment problem in europe which will only deeper with the advent of the single currency
Franck, Cadier Christiane. "Le rôle de la vitesse de circulation dans la théorie monétaire." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF10001.
Full textAlaimi, Mohamed. "Théorie des zones cibles de change et crédibilité du système monétaire européen." Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020030.
Full textPansard, Fabrice. "Théorie et applications des zones cibles : le cas du système monétaire européen." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE0010.
Full textAttioui, Abdelali. "La politique monétaire dans les modèles économétriques : primat de la théorie sur l'empirie." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENE004/document.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to show the primacy of the theory over the empirics and prove that econometrics cannot be decisive to question the theory. For this, we rely on the limits of econometrics highlighted in discussions of monetary policy since the 1960s. We adopt an approach based on epistemological arguments to show that these debates go beyond the cleavage theory/empirics and that they integrate a difference of vision as to the usefulness of an empirical model. The research program of the Cowles Commission was formed around a particular articulation of three fundamental elements: a theoretical repository of Keynes' General Theory, a formal model based on the relative consensus on the IS-LM diagram and econometric techniques to estimate the parameters of this model. It is the nature and the degree of interdependence between these three elements that are contested by the monetarists and supporters of the VAR modeling. While Keynesians make a clear distinction between the theoretical model and the estimated model, this distinction is not clear and does not seem relevant to the monetarists. Sims (1980) criticizes the structural models of the Cowles Commission for including too many theoretical hypotheses empirically untested. He proposes to review the exogeneity assumptions through direct and specific econometric tests. However, the empirical indeterminacy of causality in a VAR, linked to the problem of observational equivalence (Basmann, 1965), requires the adoption of an identification scheme on the basis of a theoretical a priori to identify the monetary policy shocks. This is an extreme case of the problem of under-determination of theory by data raised by the Duhem-Quine thesis (Duhem 1906, Quine, 1951). Furthermore, Hoover (2009) notes that the impulse response analysis in a VAR provides a good example of what Cartwright (2007) calls “counterfactual impostor”. The development of the Error Correction Models and cointegrated VAR models has renewed the analysis of monetarist proposals. However, the links between the proposals for cointégration, the notions of long-term equilibrium and short term disequilibrium are rarely interpreted in the context of a rigorous and fully specified theoretical model. According to Faust and Leeper (1994), the identification of a model by imposing constraints may not be fruitful when economic theory does not clearly distinguish the short-term and long-term dynamics. Faust and Whiteman (1997) note the absence of an arbitration criterion in these approaches apparent in the presence of conflict between the theoretical principle and the adjustment to the data; otherwise subordination of the theory to the econometrics. Alongside the issue of identification, the Lucas critique (1976) is the second fundamental criticism facing the use of econometric models. Lucas (1980, 1986) adopts a new epistemological posture considering the theoretical model as a 'fiction' and not as a set of proposals on the behavior of a real economy. He supports the idea of explaining the cycle in terms of discipline of equilibrium (Lucas, 1977). The DSGE models, that constitute the fundamental models of the New Synthesis theory, are strongly influenced by Lucas' methodology and are a continuity of the RBC models (Taouil, 2011). Benati and Surico (2009) demonstrated the superiority of a DSGE model with respect to a structural VAR (SVAR). This failure is a direct consequence of inter-equation restrictions imposed by the rational expectations hypothesis, initially raised by Sargent's critics (1979)
Compain, Claire. "L' approche de propection en théorie de la monnaie." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100011.
Full textDesquilbet, Jean-Baptiste. "Optimalité, crédibilité, coordination : essais en théorie de la politique économique." Paris 9, 1991. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1991PA090008.
Full textThe first part of the thesis deals with methodology: two objective causes of the lack of credibility of the a priori optimal economic policy are identified and discussed. The initial choice becomes obsolete both because the economic environment is altered by the reaction of the rational private sector and because preferences over economic policy change, as reflected by the swinging of democratically elected partisan politicians in office. The time-inconsistency of the first kind can be dealt with using a "technical" solution akin to perfect equilibrium strategies in game theory. The time-inconsistency of the second kind cannot, it is a "cost of democracy". The second part of the thesis deals with economic policy coordination within the framework of the European monetary system, and in the perspective of monetary unification. We give a politico-economic explanation for the ems : a fixed exchange rate regime allows to limit the politicians' ability to manipulate economic policy, and thus allows both participants to benefit from a reduction in fluctuations induced by the political business cycle. We point to the asymmetry in the preferences of member countries, particularly to the German aversion to inflation, as the source of the asymmetric operating of the ems. We show that it is necessary to assign to the monetary union's independent central bank the fight against inflation as unique goal, free of any internal conflict and thus true guarantee of monetary policy credibility. We discuss the costs of such a regime, in terms of employment stabilization, fiscal revenue and democratic control. We also show the benefits of fiscal coordination in a monetary union
Angaoui, Moulay Ahmed. "Monnaie et efficacité dans les développements récents de la théorie de l'équilibre général." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE0003.
Full textOur work is a critical study devoted to the relation between money and market efficiency which is an important concern of some recent developments of general equilibrium theory. Specifically, we examine models built in the idea to get away from arrow-debreu scheme by incorporating frictions such as transaction costs, "double infinity", incertainty ant the "double coincidance" problem. We show that those models do not establish a robust and unambigu link between money and efficiency
Moussana, Alkabous Ibrahim. "Les théories de la politique budgétaire : du régime de domination monétaire à la crise des dettes souveraines." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAE005.
Full textTo begin my thesis topic is the following: "the theory of fiscal policy: from the regime of monetary domination to the crisis of sovereign debt". The object of my thesis is to analyze the theoretical evolution of fiscal policy from 1980 to the crisis of sovereign debt. Therefore, I must analyze the status of fiscal policy within the framework of a regime of monetary dominance. Why is fiscal policy under monetary rule? Why is it considered as inefficient, neutral and unnecessary (Ricardian equivalence, permanent revenue theory, predatory effect, intertemporal incoherence)? What is the relationship between fiscal policy and monetary policy under a regime of monetary domination (budgetary price theory and game theory)? Moreover, during the 2008 crisis, fiscal policy was mobilized, through the implementation of a recovery plan to avoid a collapse of advanced economies. Hence, is it a return to fiscal policy as the main instrument for regulating the economic situation (a regime of fiscal dominance), or an exception to the rule (is the new macroeconomic consensus challenged) ? Is this a questioning of the regime of monetary domination?
Valdy, Jérôme. "Monnaie et incertitude : les apports des théories autrichienne et post keynésienne à l'économie monétaire : une approche comparative." Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX32001.
Full textThe failure of neo-classical economics to integrate money in general equilibrium models - Hahn's problematic - is due to its conception of probabilistic uncertainty : i. E. , the risk. Using Keynes' and Knight's alternative definition of uncertainty, non measurable or non probabilistic uncertainty, money can truly take into account. The study of theoretical relations between money and uncertainty bring out a double causality link between the two concepts : 1) a link between uncertainty => (toward) money. It raises the question of the nature of the money. 2) a link between money => (toward) uncertainty. It poses the problem of co-ordination in a monetary economy. Firstly Austrian and post Keynesian theoreticians with two divergent conceptions of uncertainty can grasp the nature of money in its individual and social dimension. .
Valeonti, Sofia. "La politique monétaire de la période de la Reconstruction aux États-Unis (1865-1879) : enjeux, théories, débats." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01E012.
Full textThis thesis proposes a theoretical reconstruction of the monetary debate that took place during the U.S. Reconstruction period by studying the writings of Henry Charles Carey, Hugh McCulloch, Simon Newcomb, and John Sherman. It traces the links between the policy proposals of each writer, their political economy, and their vision of economic development. A prerequisite to tracing those links was a clear identification of the main money question of the period: the greenback – the fiat, legal-tender, paper money issued by the Union as a means to finance the Civil War. Also necessary was an explanation of how the monetary debate became an arena for expressing antagonistic political visions. The first chapter offers both an identification and explanation. The following chapters then analyze the writings of the main participants of the debate. Chapter 2 focuses on Carey’s monetary theory and shows that his theory led him to deduce that maintaining both a greenback monetary standard and protectionism would make it possible to build a permanent union, while establishing national independence. On the opposite side of the debate were those who advocated for a resumption of specie payments, among them McCulloch, Newcomb, and Sherman. Chapter 3 examines McCulloch and Sherman’s position in the debate and provides evidence that it was informed by their vision of economic development, a vision that aimed to promote U.S. international integration. The fourth chapter centers on Newcomb’s methodology and the monetary theory that results from its application, a theory that offers an analytical framework to those who defended the resumption of specie payments
Alvarez, Gallo Carlos Andrés. "La monnaie et la réalisation des échanges : les implications pour une théorie économique du marché." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100037.
Full textThis dissertation studies the theoretical consequences of analyzing decentralized transaction mechanisms. Its aim is reassessing two central issues in the economic theory of the market using recent developments in search monetary theory. The first subject refers to the structural change related to the emergence of a monetary economy compared to a non-monetary one. We show search monetary models cannot be considered as a theory of the emergence of money or as an explanation of the choke between money and alternative transaction technologies. The circulation of money depends upon self-fulfilling expectations thus it is guaranteed only when agents anticipate that the economy they act in is a monetary one. Agents do not choose the exchange structure, they simply adapt to the social structure they anticipate. Our second topic is the relationship between transaction technology and the social division of labor within a market economy characterized by the existence of information asymmetries. We show that when agents are specialized enough the production of high quality gonds can only be guaranteed if there is a perfectly recognizable means of circulation. These results lead to reappraise the double function of money. Money appears as the most liquid object in presence of rising levels of specialization. Private assets are not necessarily perfect substitutes for money because higher specialization can be accompanied by deeper information problems
Ramahatra, Olivier. "Les fondements théoriques des programmes de stabilisation du fonds monétaire international à Madagascar." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100182.
Full textThis quantitative analysis of the theoretical bases of the stabilization monetary fund in Madagascar is divided into three parts the first part is an attempt at finding the reasons for the theoretical controversy on the necessity of an adjustment within the international monetary system ims with its multiple asymmetries and the subsequent impact of its application in Madagascar the second part deals with the theoretical controversy on the means used in view of such an adjustment it also deals with an econometric explanation based on longitudinal data of the factors of the financial program the third part shows the extent of the controversy concerning the results and the limitations of the adjustment this analysis is completed by positive normative and conjectural estimates of the adjustment program as it is applied in Madagascar a few econometric methods have been used in this quantitative study the main ones being the method of least ordinary squares los that of least double squares lds and the test of Durbin and Watson
Monvoisin, Virginie. "La nature de la monnaie endogène chez les post-keynésiens : les enjeux d'une théorie monétaire contemporaine." Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOE009.
Full textIntertaglia, Caroline. "Les théories modernes de l'inflation : essai d'analyse comparative à quelques pays développés." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE0042.
Full textThe present work focuses on the ongoing importance of inflation control in contemporary monetary policy despite the current environment of stable inflation rates. The first part of this work reviews the disparate macroeconomic theories of keynesians, monetarists and new keynesians. The second part examines post-keynesian macroeconomic theory and its imperative for inflation control. The third part validates the post-keynesian concept of inflation resultant of the financial system's "dictatorship" and the paramountcy of expectations. This is achieved through the use of data from Germany, France, the United States, Great Britain and Japan. This works underlines the central importance of money and the complexity of liberalized finance. We conclude that inflation stems from the financial system as what drives the wages prices spiral is not the labor market but the credit market
Costaz, Marc. "La souveraineté monétaire française et l' intégration européenne : une application de la théorie de la neutralisation." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082849.
Full textFollowing a study on the history of the relations between the political power and the currency and an investigation on the political, monetary and financial environment led by the International Monetary system, this thesis approaches the motivations, the carrying out and the involvement of the economic and monetary union. Beyond the institution of a budgetary discipline resulting from a limitation of the economic sovereignty, it is the Neutralization of Political Sovereignty within the nation-state and the hegemony on the European level that is being considered. This strategy of Neutralization of politics consists in creating undemocratic organization – such as the European Central Bank – ensure discreet running means in order to favour control, power and influence. It is a question of new strategy of power in international relations developed by the industrialized countries which, henceforth, stored war to Rogue States. The Neutralization of politics is not without risks for Democracy as testifies the electoral success of the far wing movements in several European states
Rautureau, Nicolas. "La théorie des anticipations de la structure par terme des taux d'interêt et la politique monétaire." Bordeaux 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR40032.
Full textThe aims of this dissertation is to analyse the Mankiw and Miron [1986] hypothesis which concerns the influence of monetary policy on the empirical results of the expectations hypothesis of the term structure. In the first part, we test the theory for the french money market between october 1987 and june 2001. We reject the expectations theory but the effect of the Banque de France on the empirical results is clear up to 1998. .
Maillet, Bertrand. "Efficience et performance sur les marchés financiers : théories et études empiriques." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010081.
Full textIn this thesis, we focused, mainly, on the performance measures. We propose then a study of the most useful performance measures used by von neumann rational investors. The first chapter of the first part reviews the main stock return processes hypothesis. Nevertheless, none of these matches the empirical stylized facts. We propose in the second chapter an empirical study of Paris stock market high frequency returns in a volume time scale. It is shown that returns, measured in this particular time scale, can be found homoskedastic and normal. The third and fourth chapters explained the rationality of using chartism forecasting methods and try to evaluate and explain the technical analysis puzzle on the exchange rate market. The first, second and third chapter of the second part of this thesis are surveys of the main performance measures. The first one reviews the performance measures relative to capital asset pricing models (CAPM and MEA) and the second one reminds the main measures which do not depend upon any pricing model. The third chapter allows to compare the measures and gives the conclusions of the main portfolio performance measure empirical studies. Finally, we propose, in the fourth and last chapter, two new measures : one is relative to funds and is a generalized sharpe measure in the case of non- perfect financial markets; the other one concerns financial assets and is a generalized treynor measure which can be applied when several risk sources exist
Benamira, Mohamed. "Les conceptions monétaires du FMI et le développement : une approche theorique." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100085.
Full textThe thesis deals with two main problems: firstly, it attempts to demonstrate the close relationship between monetarism and the IMF’s monetary conceptions. Secondly, it examines the significance of such conceptions for development. As regards the first problem, the thesis attempts to show how the IMF’s monetary conceptions are, in themselves, a form of monetarism among others, namely Friedman’s monetarism, Brunner Meltzer’s "budgetary" monetarism, Lucas Sargent Wallace’s "neoaustrian" monetarism, or the "rational anticipations school". The imf's monetarism can be described as a "revised and eclectic" form of monetarism, in that it attempts to provide auxiliary conditions for valid monetarism, and this in the case of : - an open economy, in other words, the monetary approach to b. O. P. - an underdeveloped economy, in other words, the financial repression theory. The second task of the thesis is to show that the IMF’s adjustment programs for LDC’s are a materialization of its specific form of monetarism. Two countries - Kenya and Jamaica - are taken as case studies in order to illustrate the significance of these adjustment programs for LDC’s. Finally, the thesis discusses the concept of development to monetarist prescriptions
Mercier, Fabien. "Cinq essais dans le domaine monétaire, bancaire et financier." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020065.
Full textThe thesis studies various themes that are central to modern finance : economic agents rationality and behavioural biases with respect to nominal values, the problem of asset fundamental valuation, the changing landscape of the European post-trade industry catalysed by the Eurosystem project Target 2 Securities, and models of defaults and methods to estimate defaults cycles for a given sector. Techniques employed vary: studies on individual data,econometrics, game theory, graph theory, Monte-Carlo simulations and hidden Markov chains. Concerning monetary illusion, results confirm those of previous study while emphasizing new areas for investigation concerning the interplay of individual characteristics, such as university education, and money illusion. The study of the Fed model shows that the long term relationship assumed between nominal government bond yield and dividend yield is neither robust, nor useful for reduced time horizons. The default model based on hidden Markov chains estimation gives satisfactory results in a European context, and this besides the relative scarcity of data used for its calibration
Hernʹandez, Bielma Leticia. "La théorie post keynesienne de la monnaie et sa pertinence dans l'analyse de l'offre de monnaie au Mexique : 1970-1998." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE0022.
Full textPeretti, Philippe de. "Fondements microéconomiques de la monnaie : implications théoriques et empiriques pour quatre domaines de l'économie monétaire." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010054.
Full textJenn-Treyer, Olivier. "Théorie des fonds prêtables, épargne forcée et théorie autrichienne du capital : une contribution à l'histoire de la macroéconomie wicksellienne." Paris 12, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA123003.
Full textCohen, Daniel. "Monnaie et richesse en économie internationale dans la théorie de l'équilibre général." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100047.
Full textBen, Aï͏ssa Mohamed Safouane. "Dynamiques de l'inflation américaine autour des changements structurels : essais théoriques & empiriques." Aix-Marseille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX24013.
Full textThe aim of this dissertation is to evaluate the performance of neo-Keynesian Phillips curves at times of structural changes. The first part studies the central topic of inflation persistence. Indeed in the first chapter, we compare the performance of a number of alternative models of price stickiness, all widely used in the literature. The sensitivity of the models results to the arbitrary choice of model periodicity is then evaluated in the second chapter. In the second part, we provide an overview of spectral analysis with a special emphasis on the spectral analysis of non-stationary processes. Then, the American inflation data is analyzed. Some of the tools used in this empirical investigation stem directly from chapter three and some new techniques are introduced. The third part focuses on the estimation of the simple neo-Keynesian Phillips curves with the GMM approach in the fifth chapter and on the estimation of the macroeconomic model (AS-IS-Monetary rule) with FIML approach in the sixth chapter
Alary, Pierre. "Dynamique monétaire et développement des échanges marchands." Phd thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00652946.
Full textMoney has a paradoxal statute in economic. It appeared to solve barter constraints and once instituted, it has an accessory role. Regarding to this point, the Phongsaly province case (Lao PDR ) is from a major interest. From 1975 to 2000, the local monetary field changed. The rural autarkic communities turn into a market model where goods exchanges are vital. In this context does a dynamic between moneys is necessary for market development ? Our results show that the State imposed its money (kip) through a new tax system. Therefore peasants were obliged to trade goods to pay taxes and the markets emerged. Nevertheless, even if the kip became the ordinary currency traditional moneys kept their role for transactions undertaken by specifics agents and foreign currencies appeared with importations and exportations development, organised by traders. Kip and traders are the angular stone of this evolution. The kip, as a common unit of account, gives a generally shared norm to make the price system possible. Then the sustainable goods exchange system become concrete. Traders organised goods and currencies transfers, then supply and demand have been linked and markets are developing
Chanel-Reynaud, Gisèle. "Le T. O. F. : Fondements théoriques et application à l'étude des comportements financiers des secteurs institutionnels sur la longue période (1959-1986)." Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE0015.
Full textN'Guessan, Tchétché. "Une application de la théorie économique de la bureaucratie, à l'analyse de la politique monétaire de la BCEAO." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010028.
Full textTraditional monetary theories consider that the central banks set their monetary policy with the sole objective of ach ievement public interest by relying upon the theory of the bureaucracy; we sustains that the authorities of central banks but more specifically those of BCEAO are al also searching for their personal interest. It is thus shown with some models that the search for personal interest by it's authorities has an influence on the monetary policy of BCEAO ; to eliminate this influence we recommands a new monetary policy control system. With this system the bureau cratic wishies of the authorities are achieved only when they conduct a performing monetary policy
Bin, Jae-Ick. "Récursivité et conception de l'économie monétaire : application à l'économie de Keynes." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100033.
Full textOur concern is to oppose two logical structures of general equilibrium theory : "general interdependance" of the walrasian general equilibrium theory, "recursivity", illustrated by Straffa, when he speaks of the distinction between basic goods and non-basic goods. We want to demontsrate that the recursivity is a logical structure adequate to monetary economy and thus to keynesian economy. As for the conception of monetary economy, the general interdependance lets the orthodox theory conceive the monetary economy as an extension of the non-monetary economy. The orthodox theory reduces the conception of monetary eonomy to the integration of money into the theory of value. It meets many problems non-resolved so far. These difficulties lead us to the recursivity. It consists in decomposing the genral equilibrium systsem into three subsystems so as to highlight a payment system as a minimum institutional assumption. It implies that money is not a marketable good, but a precondition for market economy. The first subsystem is the "monnayage", describing the way individuals get initially a certain quantity of means of payments. The second is the market mechanism. We introduce the Cantillon-Smith rule : the buyers determine the quantities of money to put on the markets in order to buy a goods ; while the sellers determine the quantities of a goods to offer on the markets. The economy results generally in a state of disequilibrium, which requires financial operations between individuals with negative monetary balance and individuals with positive monetary balance, which define the third subsystem. We can apply this structure of the monetary economy to the theory of Keynes. Then it will be clear that unemployment is due to the insufficent efffective demand. We emphasize that the investments is not sensitive to the variation of the interest rate and that the preference for the liquidity does not determine the current interest rate but influences its evolution in the future
Tokofai, Anatole Djemsang. "La détermination internationale des taux d'intérêt : analyses théoriques et économétriques." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020054.
Full textMohamed, Cheik Hamidou Issoufa. "Excès de liquidité monétaire, objectif d'inflation et stabilité financière." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1G001/document.
Full textRecent developments in asset prices (stocks, real estate) during the last decade have revived the debate on the origin of some unbalances (bubbles) and their impact on the real economy. Indeed asset prices respond to liquidity glut (the global monetary base growing faster than world production) in a low inflation regime. In this thesis, we try to clarify the relationship between liquidity conditions and prices which may render economies more vulnerable to financial shocks (e.g. as a result of the bursting of asset prices bubble). Thereafter, we examine how monetary policy should respond to this threat by analyzing the implications of the existence of liquidity glut on the "inflation targeting" policy. To deal with liquidity glut and ensure financial stability, should central banks have to consider asset prices in their design of monetary policy?
Faure, Pierre-Henri. "Policy Mix, independance de la Banque centrale, et degré de conservatisme socialement optimal : examens théoriques dans le cadre d'une union monétaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX24013.
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