Dissertations / Theses: 'Theory of functional grammar'

1

Ura, Hiroyuki. "Checking theory and grammatical functions in universal grammar /." New York [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press, 2000. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0605/99023232-d.html.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Kim, Tai-Soo. "Functional features in Korean : a minimalist approach /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8422.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Sakurai, Kazuhiro, and 櫻井和裕. "An OT-LFG analysis of language change." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46732482.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Smit, Johan Brand. "An investigation into the adequacy of Cinque’s functional theory as a framework for the analysis of adverbs in Afrikaans." Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85752.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study provides a description of Afrikaans adverbs within the framework of proposals set out by Cinque (1999). Previous analyses of adverbs in Afrikaans have generally been done within a non-generative framework (e.g. Oosthuizen 1964, Theron 1964). The aim of the study is to determine whether Cinque’s functional head-based theory provides an adequate framework for the analysis of adverbs in Afrikaans. The main focus is therefore on the functional aspect of adverbs. However, alternative theoretical frameworks, namely those of Ernst (2002), Tenny (2000), and Holmer (2012), are also briefly described. The study is presented with the broad theoretical framework of Minimalist Syntax. Cinque’s research procedure is outlined, starting with his analysis of adverbs in Romance languages and then as it is extended cross-linguistically. Here the focus is especially on the conclusions that Cinque draws with regard to the relative order of adverb types, and that of clausal functional heads. Adverbs in Afrikaans are subsequently analysed in the light of Cinque’s findings. The main question addressed in this study, namely whether Cinque’s hierarchies of adverb and funcional category orders can be successfully applied to Afrikaans, is answered in the affirmative. Despite limitations in the diagnostic procedure, Afrikaans adverb and functional head orders seem to comply with Cinque’s proposed hierarchies. That the facts of Afrikaans adverbs seem to comply with Cinque’s functional theory regarding adverbs, provides support for his proposed framework and also provides further credence to his claims about a universal, cross-linguistic hierarchy of adverb-functional head order.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie bied ’n beskrywig van Afrikaanse bywoorde binne die raamwerk van voorstelle van Cinque (1999). Vorige analises van Afrikaanse bywoorde is grotendeels binne ’n nie-generatiewe raamwerk gedoen (bv. Oosthuizen 1964, Theron 1964). Die doel van die studie is om vas te stel of Cinque se funksionele hoof-gebaseerde teorie ’n toereikende raamwerk bied vir die analise van Afrikaanse bywoorde. Die klem val dus op die funksionele aspek van bywoorde. Alternatiewe teoretiese raamwerke, naamlik die van Ernst (2002), Tenny (2000) en Holmer (2012) word egter ook kortliks beskryf. Die studie word aangebied binne die breë teoretiese raamwerk van Minimalistiese Sintaksis. Cinque se navorsingsprosedure, beginnende met sy analise van bywoorde in Romaanse tale, en daarna soos uitgebrei na tale van ander families, word beskryf. Hierin is die fokus veral op die gevolgtrekkings waartoe Cinque kom rakende die relatiewe volgorde van bywoord-tipes en van funksionele hoofde in sinsverband. Afrikaanse bywoorde word dan in die lig van Cinque se bevindinge geanaliseer. Die hoofvraag wat in die studie aangespreek word, naamlik of Cinque se hierargieë van bywoord- en funksionele hoof-volgordes suksesvol toegepas kan word in Afrikaans, word positief beantwoord. Ondanks beperkings in die toetsingsprosedure, blyk dit dat die volgorde van bywoorde en funksionele hoofde in Afrikaans wel met Cinque se voorgestelde hierargieë ooreenstem. Die bevinding dat die feite van Afrikaans klop met die bewerings van Cinque se funksionele teorie van bywoorde, bied ondersteuning vir die oënskynlike toereikendheid van sy voorgestelde raamwerk, en verskaf verdere geloofwaardig-heid aan sy voorstel van ’n universele hiërargie van bywoord-funksionele hoof- volgorde, oor verskillende tale heen.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Wee, Constance Wei-Ling Languages &amp Linguistics Faculty of Arts &amp Social Sciences UNSW. "Mobilising action through management email texts: the negotiation of evaluative stance through choices in discourse and grammar." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Languages & Linguistics, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43514.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis is concerned with explicating the role of language in mobilising action through management emails. Situated within the context of organisational change in a globalised manufacturing business, the project is framed by behavioural observations from management scholars Palmer and Hardy (2000) of mobilisation strategies that utilise linguistic resources since they: (a) involve a sense of obligation or inclination in directives; (b) show how co-operation will produce mutual benefits; (c) construct desired actions as legitimate, beneficial or inevitable; and (d) use past or anticipated meanings, for or against certain actions. Systemic Functional Linguistics is the underlying framework employed to provide a theoretically principled account of the intuitively derived observations from Palmer and Hardy (2000) which are applied to a sample of twenty-seven email texts, through corpus- and text-based analysis. A major finding is that the representation of action is enacted interpersonally through the verbal group. This view complements experientially dominated accounts of the verbal group which focus on the tense system. Further, action is found to be motivated through the negotiation of evaluative stance. By relating the grammar of the verbal group as well as other resources to the discourse semantics of Appraisal, modulation (of obligation or inclination) is found to be enabled by both negative as well as positive judgements of capacity. Specifically, judgements of capacity are re-interpreted as invocations of high obligation as managers seek to mobilise (further) positive performance. The analysis demonstrates that elements in the verbal group (complex) and Appraisal co-opt action through enabling positioning of the writer, in terms of assessing and grading categorical meanings, manipulating interpersonal time, or foregrounding solidarity. A significant contribution to the thesis is an extension of the system of GRADUATION: FOCUS (Hood, 2004a) through the demonstration of how resources of the verbal group negotiate expectations of appearances and achievements. This study has also extended the resources of GRADUATION: FORCE by applying it to the management context. The practical contribution of the study is that these insights may more explicitly inform management training and enable managers to participate more effectively within their community of practice.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Panesar, Kulvinder. "Natural language processing (NLP) in Artificial Intelligence (AI): a functional linguistic perspective." Vernon Press, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18140.

Full text

Abstract:

Yes
This chapter encapsulates the multi-disciplinary nature that facilitates NLP in AI and reports on a linguistically orientated conversational software agent (CSA) (Panesar 2017) framework sensitive to natural language processing (NLP), language in the agent environment. We present a novel computational approach of using the functional linguistic theory of Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) as the linguistic engine. Viewing language as action, utterances change the state of the world, and hence speakers and hearer’s mental state change as a result of these utterances. The plan-based method of discourse management (DM) using the BDI model architecture is deployed, to support a greater complexity of conversation. This CSA investigates the integration, intersection and interface of the language, knowledge, speech act constructions (SAC) as a grammatical object, and the sub-model of BDI and DM for NLP. We present an investigation into the intersection and interface between our linguistic and knowledge (belief base) models for both dialogue management and planning. The architecture has three-phase models: (1) a linguistic model based on RRG; (2) Agent Cognitive Model (ACM) with (a) knowledge representation model employing conceptual graphs (CGs) serialised to Resource Description Framework (RDF); (b) a planning model underpinned by BDI concepts and intentionality and rational interaction; and (3) a dialogue model employing common ground. Use of RRG as a linguistic engine for the CSA was successful. We identify the complexity of the semantic gap of internal representations with details of a conceptual bridging solution.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Ro, Hee-Jin. "Les référentiels et opérateurs aspecto-temporels : définitions, formalisation logique et informatique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040130.

Full text

Abstract:

Le présent travail prend appui sur une synthèse de travaux déjà effectués dans l’équipe LaLIC (Langues,Linguistiques, Informatique, Cognition) ; il insiste sur l’articulation entre différents concepts, centrés sur la notion deréférentiel. Ma thèse fait partie d’une chaîne où sont approfondis certains concepts rendus de plus en plus opératoires.Mon travail prend appui sur les travaux sur le temps et l’aspect d’E. Benveniste, A. Culioli et J.-P. Desclés, enparticulier, il s’inscrit le développement de la théorisation du temps et de l’aspect entreprise par J.-P. Desclés et Z.Guentchéva. Dans cette approche, il existe cinq classes de concepts importants :1) Trois notions aspectuelles de base constitutives d’un procès : état, processus, événement ;2) Aspectualisation d’un procès sur un intervalle topologique d’instants ;3) Énonciation conceptualisée comme processus inaccompli ;4) Repérage par identification, différenciation et rupture ;5) Prise en compte de différents référentiels.Certains concepts avaient déjà reçus une formalisation rigoureuse. Au fil des analyses de plus en plus diversifiées, lanotion de référentiel est devenue de plus en plus importante dans le dispositif théorique et dans les descriptions associées.Il m’a donc été demandé de mieux préciser cette notion de référentiel en en proposant une approche formalisée quipermettrait ultérieurement des traitements informatiques. J’ai replacé cette notion dans le cadre théorique de latemporalité appréhendée par les langues en argumentant son introduction et en formalisant ses concepts. Afin de mieuxéprouver le caractère opératoire des concepts formalisés, il est apparu que leurs traductions dans un langage informatiquepermettraient de prouver leurs caractères réellement opératoires et de jeter des ponts solides orientés vers une utilisationopérationnelle des analyses linguistiques que nous proposons
This dissertation support a synthesis of already accomplished works at the laboratory LaLIC(Languages, Linguistics, Informatics, Cognition) ; it emphasizes the articulation among different concepts, centered onthe notion of referential. My thesis forms a part of a chain where some rendered concepts are deepened more and moreoperatively. My work supports the works about the tense and the aspect of E. Benveniste, A. Culioli and J.-P. Desclés, inparticular, it is in line with the development of the theorization about the tense and the aspect proceeded by J.-P. Desclésand Z. Guentchéva. In this approach, there are five types of important concepts:1) Three basic aspectual notions constituent of a process (situation): state, process, event;2) Aspectualisation of a process (situation) on a topological interval of instants;3) Conceptualized enunciation as imperfective process;4) Reference by identification, differentiation and rupture;5) Recognition of different referentials.Some concepts are already received rigorous formalizations. Over the analyses being increasingly diversified, the notionof referential becomes more and more important in the theoretical plan and in the associated descriptions. It wasdemanded to me to improve the specification of this notion of referential while I proposed a formalized approach thatwould admit the computing treatments later. I put this notion within the theoretical framework of the temporality whichapprehended by the languages while arguing its introduction and while formalizing their concepts. To better perceive theoperative character of the formalized concepts, it was their translations in the computer language which enables to provetheir effectively operative characters and to dispose the solid link oriented towards an operational utilization of thelinguistic analyses that we propose

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Park, Karen Elizabeth. "The selective properties of verbs in reflexive constructions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3154fd5f-a82c-4454-9679-cd3c5c7b0fb0.

Full text

Abstract:

This dissertation investigates the relationship between verbs and reflexive markers within reflexive constructions, setting forth the hypothesis that the verb plays a determining role in anaphoric binding. The work builds upon Dalrymple’s (1993) argument that binding constraints are lexically specified by anaphoric elements and demonstrates that reflexive requirements can be lexically specified for distinct groups of verbs, an approach which offers another level of descriptive clarity to theories of anaphoric binding and introduces a means of predicting reflexive selection in domains where syntactic constraints do not readily apply. This is shown to be particularly pertinent in languages with more than one reflexive type that have overlapping syntactic binding domains. The hypothesis is substantiated by data from five typologically distinct languages: English, Dutch, French, Russian, and Fijian. Contributing to this data set, new empirical evidence in favour of previously unrecognized reflexive forms in the Fijian language is introduced in this work. Following Sells et al. (1987), it is demonstrated that reflexive constructions are definable over four different components of linguistic representation and a quadripartite linguistic analysis is, therefore, adopted that incorporates c-structure, f-structure, lexical structure, and semantic structure within a Lexical Functional Grammar theoretical framework. The level of semantic structure is found to be particularly interesting since the realization of a reflexive construction is shown to be influenced by differing semantic requirements between verbs and reflexives. On the basis of several semantic tests, verbs in reflexive constructions are shown to have two different predicate structure types, ‘transitive’ and ‘intransitive’, and reflexive markers are shown to have three different internal semantic structures, ‘strict’ (x,x), ‘close’ (x,f(x)), and ‘near’ (x,y). The syntactic, semantic, and lexical characteristics of the reflexives and verbs analyzed over the data set presented in this work result in the identification of eight different reflexive/verb types and the establishment of two implicational relationships:

Reflexive markers in lexically intransitive reflexive constructions have no semantic content.
Verbs that take a reflexive argument with a strict (x,x) or close (x,f(x)) internal structure must be intransitive at the semantic component of linguistic structure.

These results contribute to our understanding of anaphoric binding theory, directed verb categories, the syntax-semantics interface, and the licensing of multiple reflexive types within a given language.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Morcom, Lindsay A. "The universality and demarcation of lexical categories cross-linguistically." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:15c6d591-9721-4a53-a390-848ea2df95af.

Full text

Abstract:

Drawing data from a variety of sources, this thesis compares functional evidence regarding lexical categories from a number of Salish and Wakashan languages, as well as from the Michif language. It then applies Prototype Theory to examine the structure of the lexicons of these languages. They are described in terms of prototype categories that overlap to varying extents, with each category and each area of overlap defined by a central set of prototypical features. A high degree of gradience appears to exist between categories in Salish and Wakashan languages, with no clear boundary between categories or areas of overlap, indicating that lexical categories in these languages, rather than being clearly demarcated, are instead fuzzy categories with very little distinguishing them. Categories in Michif, on the other hand, exhibit far less overlap. This variation is compared to variation in conceptual categories across languages, and challenges the notions of the universality of clearly demarcated lexical categories and the existence of separately stored language module in the human mind. In spite of the variation in lexical category demarcation observed across the languages studied, it is possible to demarcate the categories of Noun and Verb to at least some extent in all languages, as well as a category of Adjective in some languages. This supports the proposed universality of the categories of Noun and Verb, as well as the implicational universals proposed in the Amsterdam Model of Parts of Speech (Hengeveld 1992a, b). It is also possible to identify a number of defining characteristics for each lexical category that appear to hold across languages. Since similar characteristics can be identified across languages for all categories, but the categories themselves display varying degrees of overlap in individual languages, this research supports the proposal that language universals, rather than consisting of structures, rules, and categories that are identical in all languages, are rather collections of prototypical characteristics for grammatical categories that are similar across languages (Croft 2000).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Röckner, Lindgren Joanna. ""Vi förstår reaktionerna" : En textanalytisk studie av Parken Zoo:s kriskommunikation i pressmeddelanden och på Facebook." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-18829.

Full text

Abstract:

Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka hur Parken Zoo försökte rädda sin image och påverkabilden av krisen parken befann sig i under hösten 2012. Uppsatsen har även som avsikt att undersökahur kriskommunikationen utvecklas under krisförloppet och hur den skiljer sig mellan två texttyper,samt belysa vilka språkliga resurser som används för att realisera strategierna inom image repair theory,som i denna uppsats benämns som Benoits teori om imagereparation. Materialet består av trepressmeddelanden och tre uttalanden publicerade på Facebook från Parken Zoo. Dessa har analyseratsutifrån Benoits (1997) teori om imagereparation samt systemisk-funktionell textanalys. Resultatetindikerar att Parken Zoo har försökt rädda sin image genom att ifrågasätta uppgifterna som framkommit,framhäva goda egenskaper och värderingar samt redogöra för åtgärder som vidtagits och ska vidtas.Jämförelsen av kriskommunikationen i pressmeddelandena och Facebook-uttalandena tyder på attkommunikationen på Facebook kännetecknas av en mer personlig och närhetsskapande strategi medankommunikationen i pressmeddelandena är mer auktoritär. Resultatet visade också att val av strategi ochhur många strategier som används förändras under krisens förlopp, troligen beroende på vilken krisfasparken befinner sig i. Under akutfasen använde Parken Zoo samtliga strategier, i jämförelse med krisensförstadium då endast en strategi användes. Analysen har även synliggjort mönster för vilka språkligaresurser som verkar bidra till realiseringen av respektive strategi ur Benoits teori om imagereparation.Transitivitetsanalysen visade bland annat att den förnekande strategin i första hand realiseras genomattributiva relationella processer medan den tillrättaläggande strategin karakteriseras av materiellaprocesser. Avslutningsvis diskuteras även delar av materialet som inte har kunnat kategoriseras som enstrategi på ett tydligt sätt men som ändå kan ses som försök att rädda Parken Zoo:s image, exempelvissynliggörs möjligheten till en ny strategi som går ut på att visa förståelse.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Kamler, Barbara, and edu au jillj@deakin edu au mikewood@deakin edu au wildol@deakin edu au kimg@deakin. "Gender and Genre: A Case Study of a Girl and a Boy Learning to Write." Deakin University. School of Education, 1990. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20041214.164647.

Full text

Abstract:

This study addresses questions of gender and genre in early writing by drawing on systemic linguistic theory, It is a longitudinal case study that compares the writing development of two children, a boy and a girl/ who learned to write in classrooms that adopted an approach to writing known in Australia as 'process writing1, The children's written texts were analysed using the systemic functional grammar as developed by MAK, Hallidey and the models of genre and register as proposed by J,R, Martin. The children were followed for the first two and a half years of their schooling, from the first day of kindergarten to the middle of grade two. They were observed weekly during the daily writing time and all texts were collected. Although the children were ostensibly 'free to determine both the writing topics and text types they produced, systemic analysis revealed that: 1) the majority of texts written were of one genre, the Observation genre, in which the children reconstructed their personal experience with family and friends and offered an evaluation of it. 2) a significant pattern of gender differences occurred within this genre, such that the boy reconstructed experience in terms of the male cultural stereotype of being an active participant in the world, while the girl reconstructed experience in terms of the female stereotype of being a more passive observer of experience. It is the strength of systemic linguistic analysis that it revealed how the choices the children made in language were constrained by a number of social and cultural contexts, including: a) the teacher's theoretical orientation to literacy; b) the models of spoken and written language available to the children; and c) the ideology of gender in the culture. In particular, the analysis made visible how children appropriate the meanings of their culture and socialise themselves into gender roles by constructing the ideology of gender in their writing. The study contributes to an understanding of genres by offering a revised description of the Observation genre, which derives from the Observation Comment genre originally identified by Martin and Rothery (1981). It also raises a number of implications for teacher training and classroom practice, including the need for: 1) increased teacher consciousness about gender and genre, especially an understanding that choices in language are socially constructed 2) a critical reassessment of the notion of 'free topic choice promoted by 'process writing' pedagogy, a practice which may limit choice and tacitly support the gender status quo.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

LEAL, RICARDO AUGUSTO BOITEUX MENDES. "GRAMMAR MODEL-BASED FUNCTIONAL TEST." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=12322@1.

Full text

Abstract:

COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
O teste funcional de software é um desafio enfrentado há muito tempo por desenvolvedores. A complexidade crescente de sistemas computacionais torna esse desafio ainda maior. Uma tendência apontada como possível solução deste problema é o uso de teste baseado em modelos. Inspirada neste paradigma, esta dissertação retrata uma pesquisa sobre o uso de gramáticas como modelos de teste funcional. Modelos gramaticais podem capturar conceitos e comportamentos de um sistema e de seu ambiente usando um nível de abstração de acordo com o objetivo de teste. Eles também podem ser aplicados para descrever casos de teste funcional e guiar a execução de casos de teste gerados num sistema em teste. O resultado desta execução, representado na forma de um veredicto, revela a conformidade do sistema com seus requisitos e especificações. Para explorar o potencial dos modelos gramaticais, este trabalho definiu uma maneira sistemática de gerar e executar massas de teste. Esta solução permitiu a programação de diferentes estratégias de teste. Ela também facilitou a adaptação dos testes a mudanças de requisitos e promoveu o reuso dos testes existentes. Como efeito colateral deste estudo, um processo de teste funcional foi desenvolvido e a arquitetura de apoio aqui introduzida pode ser reutilizada ou estendida por futuras soluções de teste funcional.
Software functional test is a challenge faced by developers for a long time. The growing complexity of computing systems turns this challenge even greater. Model-based testing is a trend pointed out by the academia and the industry as a possible solution to this matter. Inspired by this paradigm, this dissertation depicts a research made on the use of grammars as functional test models. Grammar models can capture concepts and behaviors of a system and its environment at a level of abstraction according to the test goal. They also can be applied to describe functional test cases and guide the execution of the generated test cases against a system under test. The result of this execution, represented as a verdict, reveals the system conformity with its requirements and specifications. In order to explore grammar models potential, this work defined a systematic way to generate and execute a mass of tests. This solution allowed the implementation of different test strategies. It also assisted test adjustment to requirements change and promoted existing tests reuse. As a side-effect of this study, a functional test process was developed and the supporting architecture introduced here may be reused or extended by future functional test solutions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Augusto, Janaina da Silva. "José Antonio Lutzenberg: trajetória de vida, obra e contribuição para a causa ambiental no Brasil." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2010. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1784.

Full text

Abstract:

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:41:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Janaina da Silva Augusto.pdf: 1246191 bytes, checksum: 37384b735f35dd5c75fabad75bfa901e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-02
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The aim of this work is to compare adversative constructions and concessive constructions which occur in editorials. This paper is based on the theory of functional grammar, which postulates the conjunction of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic factors in the analysis of linguistic use. Taking these aspects into consideration, it intends to investigate possible reasons which motivate the use of one construction instead of the other in particular contexts. The results reached show that, on one hand, there are areas of overlap between adversative constructions and concessive constructions for the fact that they display relation of preference (GARCÍA, 1994). On the other hand, there are areas of contrast between these constructions due to the fact that each of them plays a particular role in certain contexts, which is resulted from the specific functions fulfilled by a concessive element, as margin (LONGACRE, 2007), satellite (DIK, 1989; MATTHIESSEN & THOMPSON, 1988), enhancement (HALLIDAY, 2004), guidepost (CHAFE, 1984, apud DECAT, 1993), background (GIVÓN, 1990) and theme (GARCÍA, 1994). In the analysis, it was observed that most of the differences between the constructions in discussion are related to the fact that specifically the concessive element, as margin or satellite, can present mechanism of anticipation, displaying particular effects
O objetivo desta dissertação é comparar as construções adversativas e as construções concessivas presentes em editoriais. Baseia-se, aqui, na teoria funcionalista da linguagem, segundo a qual, na análise linguística, deve haver a integração dos componentes sintático, semântico e pragmático. Levando-se isso em consideração, pretende-se investigar, entre outros aspectos, as possíveis motivações para o uso de uma das construções em estudo em vez de outra em certos contextos. Os resultados alcançados mostram que, por um lado, há pontos de contato entre as construções adversativas e as construções concessivas porque elas se incluem na lei da preferência (GARCÍA, 1994). Por outro lado, há pontos de contraste entre essas construções devido ao fato de que cada uma delas desempenha um papel específico em certos contextos, o que é decorrente da condição particular de margem (LONGACRE, 2007), satélite (DIK, 1989; MATTHIESSEN & THOMPSON, 1988), realce (HALLIDAY, 2004), guia (CHAFE, 1984, apud DECAT, 1993), fundo (GIVÓN, 1990) e tema (GARCÍA, 1994) das adverbiais concessivas. Na análise empreendida, observou-se que muitas das diferenças entre as construções em estudo estão relacionadas ao fato de que o segmento concessivo, como margem ou satélite, pode apresentar mecanismo de antecipação, sendo produzidos efeitos de sentido particulares

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Vigo, Eugenio M. "Copular inversion and non-subject agreement." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/397778.

Full text

Abstract:

In this thesis I propose an explanation for the facts of copular inversion in Spanish, Catalan, and other Romance languages, as well as in German. Copular inversion is a phenomenon found in some languages, in which, at least superficially, the copula may be found agreeing with the postverbal DP instead of the preverbal DP. At first sight it appears that the agreeing postverbal DP is the subject of the sentence, but in this work I provide evidence that this is not the case: the agreeing postverbal DP is, in fact, the complement of the copula. This yields a singular case of non-subject agreement in Spanish, Romance and the rest of copular inversion languages that is not found in the rest of the grammar of these very same languages (e.g. they do not ever show object-agreement in transitive sentences). This requires an explanation that is integrated with the rest of the grammars of the languages. I claim that coreference is the driving force behind the presence of copular inversion: in copular inversion languages, all verbs actually seek agreement with it and all those grammatical functions that are coreferential with the subject. In intransitive and transitive sentences, the only possible candidate is the subject, but in copular sentences the complement is usually coreferential with the subject. The choice of the agreeing function among the possible candidates is decided with respect to a Person-Number Hierarchy: the copula will always agree with the function that has the most marked person and number agreement features with respect to it. This requires challenging the standard view of LFG by which the lexical entries of verbs determine the person and number features of the subject: the solution requires accepting that the person and number features of the verb must be represented in a function-independent “bundle” that is unified with the right grammatical function according to syntactic well-formedness constraints in an OT setting. Additionally to explain the facts of copular inversion languages, the proposed OT-LFG hypothesis predicts why other languages do not have copular inversion. Moreover, the proposed hypothesis can easily be extended to other phenomena of non-subject agreement, e.g. Catalan cleft sentences, Icelandic non-subject agreement in “quirky case” constructions, English locative inversion and agreement phenomena in the Dargwa family of languages.
En la presente tesis doctoral expongo una explicación para la inversión copulativa –presente en la mayoría de las lenguas romances como también en alemán–. Este fenómeno consiste, superficialmente, en que la cópula concuerda con el sintagma nominal posverbal en vez del preverbal. A primera vista, esto puede parecer simplemente que el sujeto se encuentra en posición posverbal, pero la evidencia que se presenta en este trabajo demuestra que ese sintagma posverbal no es el sujeto, sino el complemento del verbo. Por tanto, esta es una construcción singular en la que un verbo concuerda con un no-sujeto, con la misma morfología empleada para la concordancia con el sujeto, cosa absolutamente inusitada para la gramática de las lenguas analizadas –que carecen de cualquier tipo de concordancia verbo-objeto, por ejemplo–. Así pues, defiendo que la inversión copulativa es consecuencia del hecho de que la concordancia en estas lenguas es, en realidad, entre el verbo y alguna función gramatical que sea correferente con el sujeto, incluido el propio sujeto. Naturalmente, solo las oraciones copulativas poseen dos funciones correferentes con el sujeto –el sujeto y el complemento–, debido al significado de la cópula; en otros tipos de oraciones, la única función disponible es el sujeto, por lo cual el verbo solo puede concordar con este. La función con la cual se concuerda será aquella correferente con el sujeto cuyos rasgos de persona y número sean los más marcados según una Jerarquía de Persona y Número. Para ello, es absolutamente necesario abandonar la premisa de la Gramática Léxico-Funcional por la cual la concordancia del verbo se establece en su entrada léxica como una determinación de los rasgos de las funciones gramaticales concordantes. Aquí defiendo que los verbos simplemente determinan sus rasgos de concordancia, independientes de toda función gramatical, y que estos son unificados con los rasgos de una u otra función o funciones según restricciones formales de la gramática que, en este trabajo, se estipulan en un marco teórico inspirado en la Teoría de la Optimidad. Esto me permite explicar por qué existen lenguas como el inglés que carecen de dicha construcción e, incluso, explicar fácilmente otros fenómenos de concordancia verbal con no-sujetos en otras lenguas, como, por ejemplo, en islandés en construcciones de sujeto en caso oblicuo, en la inversión locativa presente en inglés y en general en las lenguas dargwa.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Kongo, Alma. ""Min pil tränger djupt in i hans hals" : En systemisk-funktionell grammatisk analys ur ett genusperspektiv av Suzanne Collins ungdomsroman Hungerspelen (2012)." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-35806.

Full text

Abstract:

Syftet med undersökningen är att studera hur grammatiska konstruktioner av Katniss, Gale, Prim, Cinna, Rue, Peeta, och Haymitch i Suzanne Collins ungdomsroman Hungerspelen (2012) kan bidra till karaktärernas görande av manligt eller kvinnligt genus. Frågeställningen som ska besvaras är på vilket sätt framställs Katniss och de sex andra utvalda karaktärerna grammatiskt utifrån den systemisk-funktionella grammatikens transitivitetssystem processer och deltagare? Och på vilket sätt kan framställningen tolkas ur ett genusperspektiv? Genom att analysera sex utvalda delar ur boken med systemisk-funktionell grammatiks transitivitetssystem och se till processer och deltagare gjordes en grammatisk analys. Analysen tolkades sedan utifrån ett genusperspektiv gällande vilka föreställningar det finns kring manligt och kvinnligt beteende. Resultaten visar att de grammatiska konstruktionerna av Katniss och Peeta kan tolkas som görande av både manligt och kvinnligt genus, Gales och Haymitchs konstruktioner som görande av manligt genus och Cinnas, Rues och Prims grammatiska realiserande som görande av kvinnligt genus. Tillsammans visar resultaten på att karaktärernas grammatiska konstruktioner bidrar till görandet av manligt eller kvinnligt genus som inte behöver avspegla deras ”naturliga kön”.
The aim of this thesis is to study how grammatical constructions of the characters Katniss, Gale, Prim, Cinna, Rue, Peeta and Haytmich, from Suzanne Collins The Hunger Games (2012), contribute to their doing of gender. The thesis set to explore this using two research questions: How is Katniss and the six other characters presented grammatically and accordingly to systemic functional grammars transitivity system’s processes and participants? And, how can the grammatical analysis be interpreted from a gender perspective? By analysing six selected excerpts from the book with systemic functional grammars transitivity system’s processes and participants a grammatical analysis was done. The grammatical analysis was then interpreted from a gender perspective regarding the conceptions of what is considered as a doing of male or female gender behaviour. The result show that the grammatical constructions of Katniss and Peeta can be understood as a doing of both male and female gender. Futhermore, Gale’s and Haymitch’s constructions can be understood as a doing of male gender and Cinna’s, Rue’s and Prim’s constructions as a doing of female gender. Together these results show that the grammatical constructions in The Hunger Games (2012) affect the characters’ doing of gender and that their doing of gender does not have to reflect their sex.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Kawahara, Koji. "Gradability in the theory of grammar." Thesis, University of York, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520045.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Rosta, Andrew. "English syntax and word grammar theory." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288690.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Chung, So-Woo. "Cataphora in discourse representation theory /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8424.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

李逸薇 and Yat-mei Lee. "Complement functions in Cantonese: a lexical-functional grammar approach." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31226267.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Tong, Wun-sing, and 唐煥星. "The application of systemic functional grammar in Chinesepractical compositions." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31963225.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Anstey, Mathew Philip. "Towards a functional discourse grammar analysis of Tiberian Hebrew /." [Barton (A.C.T.)] : [M. P. Anstey], 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb401376687.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Lee, Yat-mei. "Complement functions in Cantonese : a lexical-functional grammar approach /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Margarido, Renata. "Construções (coordenadas) adversativas e construções (subordinadas) adverbiais concessivas em português: pontos de contato e de constraste na língua em função." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2010. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/2316.

Full text

Abstract:

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:46:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renata Margarido.pdf: 1076677 bytes, checksum: 75639920a0f89708e97922729c784108 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-24
Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
The aim of this work is to compare adversative constructions and concessive constructions which occur in editorials. This paper is based on the theory of functional grammar, which postulates the conjunction of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic factors in the analysis of linguistic use. Taking these aspects into consideration, it intends to investigate possible reasons which motivate the use of one construction instead of the other in particular contexts. The results reached show that, on one hand, there are areas of overlap between adversative constructions and concessive constructions for the fact that they display relation of preference (GARCÍA, 1994). On the other hand, there are areas of contrast between these constructions due to the fact that each of them plays a particular role in certain contexts, which is resulted from the specific functions fulfilled by a concessive element, as margin (LONGACRE, 2007), satellite (DIK, 1989; MATTHIESSEN & THOMPSON, 1988), enhancement (HALLIDAY, 2004), guidepost (CHAFE, 1984, apud DECAT, 1993), background (GIVÓN, 1990) and theme (GARCÍA, 1994). In the analysis, it was observed that most of the differences between the constructions in discussion are related to the fact that specifically the concessive element, as margin or satellite, can present mechanism of anticipation, displaying particular effects.
O objetivo desta dissertação é comparar as construções adversativas e as construções concessivas presentes em editoriais. Baseia-se, aqui, na teoria funcionalista da linguagem, segundo a qual, na análise linguística, deve haver a integração dos componentes sintático, semântico e pragmático. Levando-se isso em consideração, pretende-se investigar, entre outros aspectos, as possíveis motivações para o uso de uma das construções em estudo em vez de outra em certos contextos. Os resultados alcançados mostram que, por um lado, há pontos de contato entre as construções adversativas e as construções concessivas porque elas se incluem na lei da preferência (GARCÍA, 1994). Por outro lado, há pontos de contraste entre essas construções devido ao fato de que cada uma delas desempenha um papel específico em certos contextos, o que é decorrente da condição particular de margem (LONGACRE, 2007), satélite (DIK, 1989; MATTHIESSEN & THOMPSON, 1988), realce (HALLIDAY, 2004), guia (CHAFE, 1984, apud DECAT, 1993), fundo (GIVÓN, 1990) e tema (GARCÍA, 1994) das adverbiais concessivas. Na análise empreendida, observou-se que muitas das diferenças entre as construções em estudo estão relacionadas ao fato de que o segmento concessivo, como margem ou satélite, pode apresentar mecanismo de antecipação, sendo produzidos efeitos de sentido particulares.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Nguyen, Tam. "A Grammar of Bih." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12996.

Full text

Abstract:

Bih is a Chamic (Austronesian) language spoken by approximately 500 people in the Southern highlands of Vietnam. This dissertation is the first descriptive grammar of the language, based on extensive fieldwork and community-based language documentation in Vietnam and written from a functional/typological perspective. The analysis in this work is supported with illustrations drawn mainly from texts, with examples from elicitation when needed as well. In phonology, Bih is the only mainland Chamic language to have retained all four Proto-Chamic presyllablic vowels. As a result, Bih is the only Chamic language having only primary clusters inherited from Proto-Chamic and lacks the secondary clusters created by a reduction of an original disyllable form in Proto-Chamic, which occur in other languages of the family. In addition to the vowels, Bih retains only six out of thirteen Proto-Chamic presyllable consonants, but it retains all main syllable consonants from Proto-Chamic. In addition, all voiced "aspirated" consonants in Proto-Chamic become voiceless in Bih. This phonological change is common throughout coastal Chamic and it is also shared among Bih and other two highland Chamic languages, Chru and Northern Roglai, but not with Ede. In morphological terms, Bih is an isolating language. Words are mostly monosyllabic, although there are a number of disyllable or trisyllable words with the fossilized prefixes pa- or ma- or both. Without inflection on verbs, like other mainland Southeast Asian languages, Bih includes a set of particles functioning as grammatical markers. In fact, many Bih words function as either a full lexical verb or particle depending on their syntactic behaviors. The fundamental mechanisms of Bih syntax are clause-chaining and verb serialization. Most grammatical forms develop from serial verb source constructions. Another feature of great areal typological interest is the topic and focus distinction system of Bih, which, in combination with word order alternations, indicates the discourse status of a referent: whether it is new and/or important in the discourse, or the speaker's evaluation of whether or not a referent is accessible to the mind of the hearer, or whether it contradicts a presupposition or expectation on the part of the hearer or of people in general. Bih has a very interesting obviative-like system, which uses one third person pronoun form to refer to the character whose point of view is being represented and another for all other third persons.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Kang, Nam-Kil. "Reflexives and the linking theory in universal grammar." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322750.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Grimshaw, Jane B. "English wh-constructions and the theory of grammar." New York : Garland Pub, 1985. http://books.google.com/books?id=hLJZAAAAMAAJ.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Gavarró, Algueró Anna. "Syntactic theory and the grammar of Catalan compounds." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23916.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Bögel, Tina [Verfasser]. "The Syntax-Prosody Interface in Lexical Functional Grammar / Tina Bögel." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1129599108/34.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Carretero, García Paloma. "A lexical functional grammar account of Spanish weak dative pronominals." Thesis, University of Essex, 2017. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/19951/.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis is concerned with Spanish weak dative pronominals. Similar elements-generally labelled as clitics- in many languages have been focus of much research in Linguistics. The present study, however, abstracts away from classic approaches that had the external form of clitics as their main focus and provides description and analysis of very specific uses of dative pronominal items, namely when they appear on ditransitive constructions, with psychological predicates or in a configuration where they are not lexically specified in the valency of the verb, the so-called non-selected datives. The analysis of the dative in ditransitive constructions is twofold. We claim that the distribution of the dative in such configurations has semantic and syntactic implications. The presence of the dative pronoun is becoming grammaticalised and provides an entailment of affectedness. In instances of clitic doubling where we have both the pronoun and a noun phrase, we are treating the pronoun as the element that the predicate subcategorises for and the noun phrase is linked to it through information structure. This analysis is quite innovative as it ensures both elements are linked but they retain syntactic independence, in contrast with their treatment in previous approaches. With psychological predicates, we are concerned with what the status of the dative marked argument is; as previous approaches have contradictory views of it as subject or object. We analyse this dative with the tools provided by Lexical Mapping Theory and disagree with previous accounts by proposing an analysis of this dative as OBJɵ. With regards to non-selected datives in Spanish, they have not been widely discussed in the literature. We describe the different types and propose a finer grouping based on their ability to be treated as derived arguments. We sketch an analysis that adds a dative argument to the valency of a predicate through a lexical operation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Chatsiou, Aikaterini (Kakia). "A Lexical Functional Grammar approach to modern Greek relative clauses." Thesis, University of Essex, 2010. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/20558/.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis presents an account of the properties of Relative Clauses in Modern Greek, with particular focus on the distribution of the resumption and gap relativization strategies. For the most part relative clauses have been regarded in the literature as a type of Long Distance dependencies with unique properties. This thesis looks at the properties of three types of relative clauses in Modern Greek (restrictive, non-restrictive and free relative clauses). Working in the framework of Lexical Functional Grammar, we present an overview of the most important properties of Modern Greek Relative Clauses focusing on the distribution of the gap and resumption strategies in these constructions. We propose an analysis of Relative Clauses that brings forward the similarities of the three types of Relatives while at the same time manages to account for their dissimilarities, and it is shown that such constructions can be accommodated in LFG quite straightforwardly. The thesis also presents a computational implementation of the analysis using XLE (Xerox Linguistics Environment) a platform for testing and writing LFG grammars.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Campana, Mark. "A movement theory of ergativity." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39511.

Full text

Abstract:

In this thesis, I propose a theory of ergativity in which NP arguments are checked for Case by moving to projections of agreement at LF. The Case-marking pattern of an ergative language arises when transitive subjects move to the projection of agreement usually associated with objects (AGR.o), while transitive objects and intransitive subjects move to the projection of subject agreement (AGR.s). While this proposal assigns the same underlying structure to clauses in an ergative language (unlike Marantz, 1984), it does have distinctive syntactic effects. In this it contrasts with a purely morphological approach to ergativity, such as that of Anderson (1976).
Arguments can move to the specifier position of agreement, or adjoin to its maximal projection. Movement cannot take place across the same kind of position as the landing site, which leads us to predict that transitive subjects cannot undergo grammatical extraction in an ergative language. This prediction turns out to be correct in a number of languages, including Chamorro, Mam, and other members of the Mayan group. Our theory also allows for a plausible account of split ergativity--non-canonical patterns in an otherwise ergative language where transitive and intransitive subjects are marked the same, but behave differently under extraction.
The proposal that NPs are not checked for Case until LF entails that they remain in their base positions at S-structure. Evidence for this claim is adduced from the distribution of empty pronoun arguments whose contents must be identified. Our prediction is that transitive subjects in an ergative language will interfere in the identification of an empty object pronoun, since it is closer to the pronoun than its legitimate identifier, AGR.s. This is also shown to be the case.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Senturia, Martha Baird. "A prosodic theory of hiatus resolution /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9835402.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Lind, Emma. "Inspiratörerna, innovatörerna, rebellen och kvinnorna : Framställningen av manligt och kvinnligt i författaporträtt i läromedlet Svenska impulser 2." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Svenska, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45655.

Full text

Abstract:

In this essay, I analyze and compare the representation of social actors in six different author presentations from the teaching aid Svenska Impulser 2, (2012). More specifically, I investigate similarities and differences in the representation of men and women and, thus, what meanings are ascribed to these gender categories. Consequently, these presentations belong to three different literary epochs or -isms: the enlightenment (Jean-Jaques Rousseau and Anna Maria Lenngren); romanticism (Percy Bysshe Shelley and Mary Shelley), and modernism (James Joyce and Virginia Woolf). The analysis is further grounded on Judith Butler’s theory on performative gender and systemic functional grammar as developed and defined by Michael Halliday. The method of analysis is critical discourse analysis (CDA) where I quantify and analyze different types of representational strategies and process and participant functions (transitivity). In addition, these two sections of quantifications are each followed by a qualitative analysis with a certain focus on different epiteths, attributes, general descriptions, and agency. My findings show that the presentations of women are more populated and, that they are portrayed as dependent on men, whereas men are portrayed as independent explorers, innovators, influencers, rebels or radical political debaters and thinkers. While some of these qualities are implied, however more or less muted, in the presentations of women, they are explicated or, by other means, more evident in the presentations of men. Moreover, my analysis shows that the women’s gender identity is marked and thus emphasized in their presentations to a significantly greater degree than the men’s gender identity is in their presentations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Ben, Ayed Hela. "Mood and functional projections." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82828.

Full text

Abstract:

In this dissertation, I investigate the structural representation of mood in a Minimalist framework. This investigation is based on the study of mood particles in Modern Standard Arabic and the way they interact with (i) the verb and (ii) negation. Arabic subjunctive particles are compared to subjunctive Balkan particles.
The main suggestion is that Arabic clause structure involves an inflectional projection Modal Phrase (ModP) that hosts the subjunctive particle ?an as well as other mood particles all of which check verbal mood morphology through the operation Agree.
The subjunctive particle ?an is compared to Balkan subjunctive particles and is argued to be an inflectional element rather than a lower complementizer in the sense of Rizzi (1997). In particular, it is suggested that Arabic and Balkan subjunctive particles fall into two types: (i) Type 1 inflectional particles that check a mood feature with the verb and that may occur in clauses lacking the CP layer. These include Arabic ?an and Romanian sǎ, and (ii) Type 2 lower Comp particles that do not check any verbal feature and that require the projection of the CP layer. These include Greek na and Bulgarian da.
As far as the interaction of mood particles with negation, it is suggested that some mood particles including subjunctive ?an may select NegP and check verbal mood across negation. Other particles, however, may not select NegP and are incompatible with negation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Abire, Wondwosen Tesfaye. "Aspects of Diraytata Morphology and Syntax : A Lexical-Functional Grammar Approach." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Language and Communication Studies, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-2144.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis examines Aspects of Diraytata Morphology and Syntax as it relates to lexical categories, predicate arguments, anaphoric binding relations and patterns of argument structure and mapping relations in light of the theory of Lexical-Functional Grammar. Diraytata is one of leastknown languages in the Konsoid chain in the Oromoid subgroup in the Nuclear Southern Lowland East Cushitic group within the Cushitic family. The Ethiopian Languages Research Center (ELRC), of which the candidate is a member, gives priority and encourages its staff to conduct research on the least studied languages. The present thesis goes in line with the research priority of the Center. The data were obtained from informants from two longer fieldtrips to Dirashe Special District. The methods used for data collection were elicitation and group discussion.

The thesis has two parts and ten chapters. The first chapter gives a general introduction to the people, the language, previous studies on the language, etc. and the second chapter introduces the theoretical framework.

Part I, from chapters 3 to 5, examines the morphology of Diraytata. In chapter 3, the noun morphology has been presented. In Diraytata case and definiteness are inextricably bound up with the focus system and hence inexplicable without a prior exposure to the focus system. The major claim is that the nominative case is inappropriate to designate a subject case in Diraytata and be replaced by non-focalized subject case (NFS).

In chapter 4, the adjectives have been considered. Attributive adjectives inflect for gender and number. The predicative adjectives occur in clause final position. It has been argued that the attributive and predicative adjectives in Diraytata are derived from a common categorially unspecified bound stem.

In chapter 5, the verb morphology has been discussed. In the first section, we have dealt with inflections. We said that verbs inflect for various grammatical categories such as for agreement, aspect and mood. We posited a phonetically null bound affix "ø" in order to fill the gap in a predicate paradigm. The newly introduced null bound affix "ø" has a third person masculine singular interpretation. In the second section, we have seen the verb derivations: passives, middles and causatives.

Part II, from chapters 6 to 9, discusses the syntax. In chapter 6, the phrasal arguments of Diraytata have been examined. We have classified the predicates into three types on the basis of the types of arguments they select at f-structure.

In chapter 7, the clausal complements have been considered. The clausal complements are classified into two: controlled and non-controlled. The latter type does not allow an external controller to control clause internal arguments whereas the former type allows an external controller to control clause internal argument.

In chapter 8, the anaphoric binding relation has been discussed. We have divided the anaphors of Diraytata into two: nuclear and non-nuclear anaphors. The nuclear anaphors subsume reflexives and reciprocals. There are two types of reflexive morphemes: ?iss and mašš-. Reciprocity is indicated by the morpheme ?orr. The reflexive and the reciprocal function as an object argument only. On the other hand, the non-nuclear anaphors subsume pronouns designated by PRO.

In chapter 9, the argument structure and the Lexical Mapping Theory have been discussed. We have considered the application of LMT to various predicates in Diraytata such as intransitive, transitive, passive, raising and causative predicates. The major claim is that the standard LMT is inadequate to account for the causatives of ditransitive predicates in Diraytata, as such predicates may have more than one OBJ functions that goes contrary to the Function-Argument Bi-uniqueness principle. We have seen that the version of LMT called FMT of Alsina (1996) is appropriate to handle the causatives of ditransitive predicates as the FMT allows more than one OBJ functions.

We have proposed the Recipient Suppression operation to the Morpholexical Operations of Bresnan and Kanerva (1989) and Bresnan and Moshi (1990) in order to account for the active intransitive counterparts of the ditransitive predicates. The newly introduced suppression operation takes care of recipient or benefactive deletion in a ditransitive predicate.

In conclusion, this study proves that the basic assumptions, the principles and the formal architectures of LFG are generally correct in handling the empirical facts of Diraytata. However, we need to add some operations (e.g. Recipient Suppression) to explain syntactic phenomena more adequately.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Mycock, Louise J. "Typology of constituent questions : : Lexical-functional grammar analysis of 'wh'-questions." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488451.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Gao, Hua. "A cognitive-functional investigation of questions in Chinese." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3473790X.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Yasuda, Koji. "Correlation energy functional in the density-matrix functional theory." American Physical Society, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8742.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Piccolino-Boniforti, Marco Aldo. "From sound to grammar : theory, representations and a computational model." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648762.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Rice, Curtis. "Pacific Yup'ik: Implications for Metrical Theory." Department of Linguistics, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/227264.

Full text

Abstract:

Recent developments in metrical theory have led to the situation in which there are now at least four different approaches to stress assignment. One approach uses only a grid to represent the relative prominence of syllables in a word (cf. Prince 1983); aside from representational conventions, the grid -only approach differs from the other three in that it does not posit any metrical constituency. Second, the constituentized grid approach also represents stress with a grid, but by enhancing the representations with parentheses, metrical constituency is also indicated (cf. Halle and Vergnaud 1987). Hayes (1987) has recently developed an approach employing representations like those in the constituentized grid approach; I will refer to this as the templatic approach. This approach is different insofar as the constituents which are available in the theory are not derived from parameters, but rather it is the constituent templates themselves which are the primitives of the theory. The fourth approach is one in which relative prominence is indicated with arboreal structures, rather than with grids (cf. Hayes 1981, Hammond 1984). In this paper I will present an analysis of the stress pattern of Pacific Yup'ik which follows Rice (1988), and I will claim that this analysis has important implications for each of the approaches mentioned above. Pacific Yup'ik is a particularly interesting testing ground for metrical theories; for our purposes here, the interesting aspect is that an adequate analysis of the stress pattern has broad implications for various approaches to stress assignment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Schweigert, Igor Vitalyevich. "Ab initio Density Functional Theory." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0011614.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Chan, G. K. L. "Aspects of density functional theory." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597413.

Full text

Abstract:

The first part of our work, we describe investigations into the formal and conceptual aspects of density functional theory. These have been in four main areas. The first, is the theory of the derivative discontinuity, where we extended the theory to density matrix functionals, and carried out calculations of the effects of the discontinuity. Our second investigation concerned a new channel concept, namely, the shape and local chemical potentials. These describe the electron donating or accepting power of a density fragment. We demonstrated in simple model systems, that chemical features such as shell structure, or atoms in molecules, could be characterised as regions of constant shape chemical potential. Our third investigation concerned the homogeneous scaling of the Kohn-Sham kinetic energy. We disproved certain existing relations in the literature; we then went on to derive simple bounds on the kinetic energy, and to numerically calculate the approximate scaling of the kinetic energy in atomic systems. Our fourth investigation concerned an improved Lieb-Oxford bound for the exchange-correlation energy. By improving the numerical optimisation in the last part of the proof, we were able to tighten the bound. The second part of our work focused on the search for new energy functionals, and procedures for developing new functionals. Our efforts have been in two areas. The first was an investigation of the correlation functional of Hartree-Fock-Kohn-Sham theory. We observed the deficiencies of current functionals in the reproduction of the correlation potential, and attempted to correct this by fitting a functional to best reproduce numerical correlation potentials. In doing so, we observed the highly non-local nature of correlation in Hartree-Fock-Kohn-Sham theory, and the important effect of the derivative discontinuity on the energy. The second investigation attempted an exhaustive study of the Generalised Gradient Approximation (GCA), within a well-defined ab initio model. We developed a rigorous fitting methodology, and constructed well-converged fits to conclusively explore the limits of the accuracy of the GCA. A large number of observations were made concerning the choice of functional basis, the importance of additional gradient corrections, and the role of exact exchange. We also applied our fitting methodology to the construction of approximate Kohn-Sham kinetic energy functionals, with some success.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Laming, Gregory John. "Density functional theory for molecules." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336907.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Doshi, Vishal D. (Vishal Devendra). "Functional compression : theory and application." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43038.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; and, (S.M. in Technology and Policy)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-77).
We consider the problem of functional compression. The objective is to separately compress possibly correlated discrete sources such that an arbitrary deterministic function of those sources can be computed given the compressed data from each source. This is motivated by problems in sensor networks and database privacy. Our architecture gives a quantitative definition of privacy for database statistics. Further, we show that it can provide significant coding gains in sensor networks. We consider both the lossless and lossy computation of a function. Specifically, we present results of the rate regions for three instances of the problem where there are two sources: 1) lossless computation where one source is available at the decoder, 2) under a special condition, lossless computation where both sources are separately encoded, and 3) lossy computation where one source is available at the decoder. Wyner and Ziv (1976) considered the third problem for the special case f(X, Y) = X and derived a rate distortion function. Yamamoto (1982) extended this result to a general function. Both of these results are in terms of an auxiliary random variable. Orlitsky and Roche (2001), for the zero distortion case, gave this variable a precise interpretation in terms of the properties of the characteristic graph; this led to a particular coding scheme. We extend that result by providing an achievability scheme that is based on the coloring of the characteristic graph. This suggests a layered architecture where the functional layer controls the coloring scheme, and the data layer uses existing distributed source coding schemes. We extend this graph coloring method to provide algorithms and rates for all three problems.
by Vishal D. Doshi.
S.M.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Gao, Hua, and 高華. "A cognitive-functional investigation of questions in Chinese." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3473790X.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Evans, R. E. "Theoretical and computational interpretations of Generalised Phrase Structure Grammar." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379469.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Kimoto, Yukinori. "A Grammar of Arta: A Philippine Negrito Langage." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/226793.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Meijer, Sietske Johanna. "Lexical and grammatical prepositions." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302247.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Knight, Nikita. "Theory and Practice : A comparison between English schoolbook grammar and English grammar teaching practiced in a Swedish secondary school." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-45893.

Full text

Abstract:

This research compares the grammar in English schoolbooks with the grammar teaching practisedin a Swedish secondary school classroom. It explores the grammar content of two Englishschoolbooks from two different levels, and whether the teacher uses other materials when teachinggrammar: language websites with grammar and vocabulary exercises, and listening, reading andwriting activities, that are different or similar to the ones in the schoolbooks. The study also looks atdifferent grammar teaching methods, Grammar-translation method, Direct method andAudiolingual method, used in the schoolbooks. Throughout the years, different methods have beenused for teaching grammar, which is why it is interesting to see which ones are used here. Thegrammar content of two English schoolbooks and the classroom observations of year eight and yearnine English lessons were analysed and compared in order to find out whether the grammarteaching affects the pupils proficiency level and accuracy in their essays. This investigation isrelevant since language teaching has become more and more focused on communication, whichmeans that accuracy has a tendency of being forgotten, even though fluency and accuracy are bothequally important in order to achieve a communicative competence.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Worth, Andrew Christopher. "English Coordination in Linear Categorial Grammar." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1451933040.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Theory of functional grammar'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles