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Merritt, Michele. "Minimally innate ideas." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001993.
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Matthews, Joseph. "Topological ideas in inverse semigroup theory." Thesis, Cardiff Metropolitan University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402633.
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Papandreou, Andreas. "Ideas of externality." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306755.
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Blose, Chris. "Ideas in action : film theory in film criticism /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1421115.
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Harris, Christine R. "Gender differences in jealousy : the innate module theory reconsidered /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9904724.
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Molloy, Eamonn. "Management technologies : ideas, practices and processes." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323068.
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Mabbott, Lucy. "Therapeutic interpretations of psychodynamic ideas : a social constructionist grounded theory." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2012. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/therapeutic-interpretations-of-psychodynamic-ideas(3e5cbe91-6a88-401b-890f-0c6c97c7bcb0).html.
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The focus of this study is on how counselling psychologists and other therapists interpret psychodynamic ideas. There is a dearth of qualitative work addressing this issue, particularly from the practitioner perspective. This study adopted a social constructionist version of Grounded Theory. Twelve volunteer therapist participants were interviewed (six counselling psychologists and six therapists accredited by the British Association of Counsellors and Psychotherapists (BACP) and the United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP)). Therapists had a wide range of experience but all had at least one year of training in psychodynamic theory. The analysis produced a grounded theory that suggests a tension between realist and social constructionist epistemological stances to psychodynamic theories. An unquestioning use of psychodynamic ideas persisted whereby these theories remained uncontested and were spoken about as if they were indicative of reality. This alternated with a reflective use of psychodynamic ideas where a theory was seen as one explanation among many. A tension was apparent as therapists spoke from these epistemologically opposed stances. This tension was expressed through the demonstration of being drawn to use psychodynamic ideas unquestioningly as they seem to abate anxiety and provide a sense of professionalism and expertise. The benefits of thinking objectively about psychodynamic ideas draw therapists into speaking of them in this way, even when this approach was not in line with the their epistemological stance at other points in time. The tension seems to result from societal demands and contextual pressures as well as the inter-relational discourse with the researcher. It is suggested that practitioners in the field of counselling psychology as well as by practitioners accredited with the UKCP and BACP experience this phenomenon. Length of experience in practice did not play a significant factor in how therapists conceptualise psychodynamic ideas. A discussion of the implication of these findings and the potential for future research is also explored.
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Pforr, Tobias. "Meaning construction and the socialisation of economic ideas : an autobiographical approach." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/80217/.
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This dissertation explores how to conceptualise the production, reproduction and transmission of economic ideas. I highlight that a first step in such an exploration needs to consist in the recognition that theory and ideas not only describe reality but also help to constitute it. Language inherently frames our understanding in particular ways. We learn language, as well as other practices, by being socialised into particular communities. As a result, there is an inherent connection between our ideas and our identity. The task for this dissertation is to showcase different ways of understanding how we become socialised into particular economic ideas and what some of the consequences of this might be for how we think about economic theory in general. I examine two particular sites of knowledge production and two particular concepts. The two chosen sites are undergraduate economics textbooks and contemporary novels. I highlight that both partake in the production and transmission of economic ideas but that the strategies they employ to do so are markedly different. Economics teaching could benefit from using a greater variety of materials and I suggest that works of fiction are a very useful resource in this regard. The two concepts I examine are the concept of the market and the concept of violence. I argue that the concept of the market is not merely used to describe a place of exchange but that it is also used to express subjective and social notions. Last, I argue that much can be gained from following Johan Galtung's approach to violence. His conceptualisation of violence allows one to understand the price of socialisation. Socialisation processes are inherently burdensome for individuals and the concept of violence can help one to appreciate the burden which particular conceptions of human agency have for those who are asked to internalise these.
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Fini, Michael. "Financial ideas, political constraints : the IPE of sovereign wealth funds." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/55833/.
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Rather than ponder sovereign wealth funds' (SWFs ') significance for global capital markets, this thesis takes a step back and asks the following: why do SWFs exist in such numbers across the global political economy? The SWF literature, dominated by fmancial economists and neoliberal commentators, has yet to adequately address this puzzle. This is significant given the funds embed systematically significant amounts of national wealth throughout speculative capital markets, thereby increasing their state's vulnerability to recurrent asset bubbles and crises. The thesis consequently examines the interest-based politics behind SWFs' domestic origins. It begins its analysis with the argument that SWFs are first and foremost domestic strategies of governance created to achieve specific short and medium term goals of the administrative state. This is despite their international and long-term investment orientations. In short, the funds serve to immediately stabilize state actors' governance function by reconceptualising problems of uncertainty in the quantitative and manageable terms of fmancial risk. This account of SWFs' origins thus contests that currently dominating mainstream commentary, which portrays the funds as evolutionary features of modem fmance capitalism. The domestic political interests SWFs were initially created to serve consequently remain critically unexamined. Drawing from the constructivist institutionalism literature, the thesis also seeks to demonstrate that SWFs are the institutional embodiment of a specific array of prescriptive fmancial ideas. It will be shown this framework offmancial 'knowledge' problematically constrains political actors to defer their interests to the demands of the speculative fmancial realm. In the face of recurrent crises, such constraint highlights how SWFs' immediate impact on domestic socioeconomic spheres outweighs their imagined fmancial benefits. The funds' rapid expansion since 2000 therefore poses significant implications for the nature and exercise of sovereign authority in SWF-states. These theoretical arguments are developed in Part I of the thesis, and then tested against three case studies in Part II: Norway's Government Pension Fund-Global; Alberta's Heritage Savings Trust Fund; and Ireland's National Pension Reserve Fund.
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Clayton, Kathleen Yang. "Controlling interests| Institutions and ideas in labor-community coalitions." Thesis, The University of Chicago, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3615641.
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Given the exponentially complex set of urban governance processes that are implicated when issues such as economic redevelopment, transportation, and jobs are concerned, it is misleading to believe that local actors immediately recognize and are able to articulate their interests with respect to these processes. My "actors" are "hybrid" progressive-issue social movement organizations (SMOs) that consciously attempt to bridge both cognitive and material divides among diverse coalition members from union, community, faith-based and service-based organizations. This study focuses on how ideas reduce uncertainty, act as coalition-building resources, empower agents to contest existing institutions, act as resources of new institutions and finally coordinate agents' expectations, thereby reproducing institutional stability. I examine how these SMOs are reshaping ideas, interests and institutions on the urban scale in efforts to reclaim and recast the responsibility and role of local institutions in mitigating the effects of global capital. The re-emergence of interest in organizations in urban sociology is being driven in no small part by the rise in sophistication of non-profit actors (e.g., think tanks, community-based organizations, advocacy organizations) and of the strategies and tactics used to influence political and policy issues, as well as the proliferation of institutional "access points" as Allard correctly points out on the state and local levels.
The hybrid progressive organizations that I examine are products of the structuration process that has been ongoing for decades, whereby conservative-oriented policy and advocacy organizations have been dominant on the state level, consistently producing a policy climate not only conducive to investment and business outcomes, but also aggressively pursuing an anti-union, slashing social-services strategy as part of a particular vision of what it means to create a "business friendly" regulatory environment in a state. Therefore, I have also identified three other factors that appear in tandem with progressive, hybrid organizations based on the state or regional level: 1) networked leadership development, 2) resource coordination and 3) deliberate state/regional-level strategies around coalition building, legislative advocacy and leadership development.
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Gibbins, John Richard. "John Grote, Cambridge University and the development of Victorian ideas, 1830-1870." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/842.
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This thesis reconstructs and interprets the life and writings of the relatively unknown nineteenth century philosopher John Grote (1813-1866). It places his work in the intellectual contexts of the University of Cambridge of his day and discusses his place in the development of Victorian Thought. The thesis argues that John Grote, (brother of the historian George Grote) is a most original thinker in his own right and that historically he holds a crucial place in the debates that make up Victorian thought. Cambridge University between 1830 and 1870 is seen to have nurtured a dualistic intellectual movement called the Cambridge Network which rivalled intellectually, the centres of Edinburgh and London and the movements of Positivism utilitarianism -and common sense philosophy. In developing the Cambridge philosophy of his day in response to developments elsewhere in British philosophy, John Grote (like James Frederick Ferrier in Scotland) is shown to have elaborated a nascent form of indigenous philosophical idealism in England prior to the 1870's and the emergence of oxford Idealism. The introduction argues that a modern understanding and appreciation of John Grote's philosophy is unlikely without the reconstruction of the cultural, intellectual and institutional world which he inhabited. The loss of detail about this world in the twentieth century, explains why past attempts to popularize Grote's work have failed. Conventional accounts of the history of Victorian philosophy are elaborated and attacked in the introduction, as are the methodological assumptions upon which they were written. Chapter one provides details of Grote's life and writings but gives special prominence to his novel, and in retrospect revolutionary, work on language. Chapters two and three provide a historical reconstruction of the intellectual context that attended the production of Grote's corpus. The middle chapters from four to nine reconstruct Grote's analytic philosophical work in the areas of metaphysics, epistemology, ontology, ethics, and politics, revealing Grote's commitment to epistemological and ethical idealism and the production of a 'relational theory of obligation' and a 'jural theory of politics'. My arguments are synthesised in chapter ten and the conclusions and some indications as to John Grote's influence are appended.
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Gordo, Ivor. "How might poststructuralist ideas influence the teaching of 10 year olds?" Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2015. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/14322/.
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This action research project examines my development as a philosophy teacher and the impact my lessons have had on a class of 10-11 year old pupils. My wish was to develop a style of philosophy that best fitted my epistemological outlook – an outlook informed by poststructuralism. This thesis chronicles my second year of philosophy teaching, during which I attempted to move beyond teaching philosophical thinking skills toward a philosophy that was inspired by my thoughts on post-structuralism. During the academic year 2009-2010, I took a Year 6 class (pupils aged between 10-11 year olds) for a series of weekly philosophy lessons. I did not have a clear idea of the direction the post-structuralist philosophy lessons would take, so I decided an action research project would help me to me make incremental improvements as the cycle progressed. The action research project consisted of three cycles with each cycle concluding in an action plan to further improve the poststructural dimension of lessons. A distinctive approach to teaching a post-structural influenced philosophy was developed. The findings of the study show that a poststructuralist influenced philosophy has much to offer practitioners who wish to explore the practical application of poststructuralism in a classroom.
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Kirkman, John Robert. "Trainee teachers' understandings of news stories about science : beyond ideas about uncertainty." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4407/.
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This study explores how science and history trainee teachers, who have different amounts of higher education in science, respond to news reports about science. In semi-structured interviews, using researcher and reader selected articles, readers were asked about the likelihood of veracity of knowledge claims and also their reactions to what they read. The thesis reports a range of heuristics which served to increase, or decrease, epistemic distance and so make the reader more or less willing to accept scientific claims as true. The quality of participants’ responses to news stories was also examined by using concepts maps to identify the extent to which ideas were interconnected. Concept maps were found to have a networked structures for both groups of participants, however, there was limited evidence for participant use of ‘ideas about interconnectedness’, thus there was limited evidence of epistemic thinking. The veracity of news stories is largely indeterminate for the non-expert reader given the limited information contained in the story and so readers’ multiple understandings are emphasised. Overall, there was not much difference between the two groups of readers.
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Cordero, Vega Rodrigo. "Diremptions of the social : the ideas of crisis and critique in contemporary social theory." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/47230/.
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This thesis is a study of the way in which contemporary social theorists conceptualise the divisions, disturbances, and failures of social life. It examines the special role that classical ideas of crisis and critique play in grasping the experience of rupture and finitude of the institutional frameworks that sustain human relations. The analysis developed in this thesis is designed to examine the inner relationship between these concepts and to demonstrate their mutual capacity to give meaning to moments of diremption of the social. It does so against customary claims in contemporary social theory that, at least since the 1960s and 1970s, have tended to regard crisis and critique as obsolete and inadequate analytical tools. The thesis examines and challenges the idea that social theory must do away with these concepts, for it obscures what is essential to these concepts: the potentiality of revealing what limits and exceeds our current ways of life. The thesis makes the case for the continuing importance of the concepts of crisis and critique as ‘social moments’ by way of rediscovering their mutual relationship in terms of ‘dialectical affinity’; that is to say, a non-causal relationship in which each term can actively register, bring about and turn into the other, and in which the unity of its elements is as important as their divorce. The core assumption is that social theory already provides us with essential tools for reconstructing different modes of encounter between the objective experience of crisis and the subjective practice of critique. To demonstrate this, the thesis draws upon the writings of Hannah Arendt on totalitarianism, Michel Foucault on governmentality, and Jürgen Habermas on communicative rationality. The sought-for contribution of the thesis is to find neither new foundations nor better definitions for each of these concepts but rather to rediscover the inner connectedness between them as a mode of sociologically grasping moments of diremption of social life.
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Thomas, Evan Cameron. "Calculations in modified gauge theory : testing some ideas from QCD in a toy model." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/63841.
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We use a deformed “center-stablised” gauge theory, which can be brought into a weak coupling regime while remaining confined and gapped, as a toy model to study some ideas from real QCD. The deformed model has the correct nontrivial θ-dependence and degeneracy of topological sectors conjectured for QCD, and is, apparently, smoothly connected to the strongly coupled undeformed Yang-Mills, so that we can perhaps expect to get some qualitative insights into QCD. We demonstrate the presence of a nondispersive contact term in the topological susceptibility, which contributes with the opposite sign to normal dispersive contributions coming from physical propagating degrees of freedom. We further show that, despite the system being completely gapped with no massless physical degrees of freedom, the system has a Casimir-like, power scaling, dependence on boundaries, in contrast with the naive expectation that a system with only massive degrees of freedom should have a weak (exponentially small) dependence on long distance effects. This behaviour suggests the possibility for a solution for the cosmological dark energy problem coming from the strongly coupled QCD sector on a manifold with a boundary, which would have the correct sign and be of the correct order of magnitude. Next, we investigate the interaction between point-like topological charges (monopoles) and extended sheet-like topological defects (domain walls) in attempt to explain some recent lattice QCD results suggesting that extended topological objects are more important to understanding the relevant field configurations in QCD than the instantons traditionally expected. Finally, we derive the existence of excited metastable vacuum states and calculate their decay rate to the true ground state of the theory, comparing with the expected results discussed years ago in proper QCD. The presence of metastable vacuum states with a nonzero effective θ parameter, like those present in the deformed model, could explain P and CP violation in heavy ion collisions observed on an event by event basis, which seem to average away over many events.Science, Faculty of
Physics and Astronomy, Department of
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Cooper, Eleanor McCallie. "Citizens changing ideas into action| A phenomenological study of community learning." Thesis, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3592587.
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This study defines and explores the concept of community learning as a driver of economic and social change. Community learning refers to the creation of new knowledge and skills as a result of people interacting with each other to affect change within a locality. Jointly-created knowledge and skills build the efficacy of individuals as well as the capacity of a group to further its purpose. The question that shaped this study was: How do communities educate themselves for change? A theoretical framework is developed based on social constructivist learning theory, organizational and collaborative learning, and community development. This study applies Morse's (2006a) six postulates of community learning to the creation of Chattanooga Venture, a non-profit organization in Chattanooga, Tennessee, in 1984. Three primary sources—personal interviews, organizational documents, and newspaper accounts—ground the study in the lived experience. By applying Morse's postulates to the origin of Chattanooga Venture, the study examines both the process and structure of community learning and has implications for both theory and practice. The significance of this study is to determine if a theoretical understanding of community learning can be applied to creating stronger and better communities, increasing the knowledge-base both individually and collectively, and generating social and economic productivity.
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Keeling, Dorothy Margaret. "'Narrative ideas in Daggery Cloaks' : an approach to William Golding's later fiction through parable theory." Thesis, Keele University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302273.
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Isbell, Rebecca T., and Pamela Evanshen. "Real Classroom Makeovers: Practical Ideas for Early Childhood Classrooms." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. http://amzn.com/0876593783.
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1. The environment matters: design elements to consider : Beauty in everyday environments ; The impact of light ; Sounds make a difference ; A place for everything, everything in its place ; A secure and supportive environment ; Valuing diversity in the classroom ; Setting up appropriate learning environments -- 2. The process of planning for successful change : Creating the vision ; Developing a plan ; Introducing a new feature -- 3. Low-cost, big-impact changes : Decluttering ; Small changes ; Teacher's space -- 4. Building a sense of community in the classroom : Creating a welcoming and inviting entrance ; Developing a sense of place ; Valuing each member of the community ; Having effective group time ; Learning about and practicing responsibility ; Identifying personal spaces for children ; Providing choices for individual work ; Working in small groups -- 5. Real classroom makeovers : The importance of play ; Real classroom makeovers support children's play ; Literacy centers/areas ; Manipulatives/building ; Math and science ; Art and music ; Dramatic play ; Community meeting ; Nurturing environment -- 6. Early learning standards and the classroom environment : Early learning standards ; The unique needs of children ; Adapting the environment to all learners -- 7. The amazing (and real) classroom makeover adventure : The adventure ; Description of the classroom ; Developing a vision with an initial teacher interview ; The change process ; The first element of design considered ; The next element of design considered ; Teacher interview and reflection on the learning environment ; Art ; Books ; Blocks ; Gathering place ; Home living ; Science ; Writing ; Summary ; Teacher comments after the makeover -- Classroom evaluation checklist.https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1063/thumbnail.jpg
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Keeler, Kathleen. "The Effect of Music Characteristics on the Novelty and Usefulness of Creative Ideas." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5913.
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This study explores the relationship between music and creativity. Prior research has conflicting results with some finding that music does influence creativity and some reporting no relationship and others finding that music is harmful to creativity. All of these studies, however, have largely focused on the presence vs. absence of music without consideration for the characteristics (i.e., musical key, tempo, etc.) that make up the sound we identify as music and their unique effects on us emotionally, physically, and cognitively. This dissertation contends that different characteristics of music influence different components of creativity (i.e., novelty and usefulness) through their effects on executive functions—working memory and inhibitory control. The hypotheses presented in this dissertation were tested in a 2x2 between-subject lab experiment with two different control groups (i.e., nature sounds and no audio) using 436 undergraduate students. The results provide support for the physiological and affective consequences of musical key and tempo. However, measures of creativity were unrelated with the proposed mediating mechanisms, making any conclusions about the effects of music characteristics on creativity difficult to draw. Reasons for this are discussed. It can be said, however, that it does appear that music is not harmful creativity as reported by previous studies. Directions for future research are also discussed.
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Reynaud, Valentine. "L'innéité des facultés de l'esprit : Repenser l'innéité comme condition du développement." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30105.
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Dans ce travail, nous proposons d’interroger la notion d’innéité des facultés de l’esprit, dans l’histoire de la philosophie et dans le débat contemporain. Nous commençons par montrer que toute hypothèse concernant l’innéité des facultés de l’esprit – qu’elle soit innéiste ou empiriste – pose un problème explicatif que nous nommons le « problème de la tautologie ». C’est en dévoilant les présupposés épistémologiques de chaque hypothèse que nous révélons la présence de ce problème au sein du débat classique sur les idées innées, mais aussi au cœur du débat contemporain amorcé par les travaux en linguistique de Noam Chomsky. L’identification d’une faculté innée spécifique ou d’une capacité générale semble toujours découler de choix métaphysiques ou épistémologiques a priori. En ce sens elle n’est jamais justifiée de façon satisfaisante. C’est pourquoi, une position intermédiaire (constructiviste) apparaît plus convaincante. En outre, l’analyse des différentes définitions de l’innéité souligne la nécessité de renoncer non pas à la notion même d’innéité certains philosophes contemporains le pensent, mais à l’attribution d’un contenu a priori à l’innéité. Nous pensons que l’innéité est un terme épistémique auquel il est seulement possible d’attribuer de façon a priori un statut formel. L’innéité doit donc être redéfinie comme une condition du développement. Le terme condition permet en effet, d’une part, de souligner le statut épistémique de l’innéité qui est un terme relatif à une explication, celle du développement ; d’autre part, d’insister sur le fait que l’innéité n’est pas dénuée de consistance ontologique. Le développement cognitif n’aurait tout simplement pas lieu sans elle. Nous défendons ainsi l’idée qu’il est possible de minimiser le « problème de la tautologie » par une redéfinition de la notion d’innéité et par l’élaboration d’une méthodologie propre à établir l’innéité de certaines facultés de l’esprit sans la présupposer et qui prend en compte le développement cognitif. Pour finir, nous appliquons la méthodologie proposée à l’exemple de la faculté de langage et nous essayons de défendre une hypothèse précise concernant son innéitéIn this work, we examine the notion of innateness of faculties of mind, in the history of philosophy as well as in the contemporary debate. Firstly, we show that any hypothesis on innateness of faculties of mind – whether innatist or empiricist – raises an explanatory problem that we called “the tautology problem”. Identifying epistemological presuppositions of each hypothesis leads us to reveal the presence of this problem within both the classical debate on innate ideas and the contemporary debate on innate mind structure initiated by Chomsky’s linguistic work. Assumptions on domain-specific innate faculty or general capacity always seem to follow from a priori metaphysical or epistemological options. If so, they are not satisfactory justified. The constructivist position appears to be an intermediary relevant way, with conditions to be defined. Furthermore, analysis of different definitions of innateness reveals the necessity to renounce to attribute an a priori content to innateness (and not to renounce to the concept of innateness as some contemporary philosophers argue). We think that innateness is an epistemic term to which it is only possible to attribute a priori a formal status. We claim then that innateness must be redefined as condition of development because the term condition underlines on the one side the epistemic status of innateness, which is an explanatory-dependent term; on the other side its propensity to have an ontological plausibility: cognitive development does not occur without something innate. Thus, we advance that it is possible to minimize “the tautology problem” by redefining innateness and by elaborating a methodology capable of establishing innateness of some faculties of mind without presupposing, taking into account cognitive development. To conclude, we apply the advanced methodology to the example of the faculty of language and try to defend an assumption about its innateness
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Robinson, Laurence. "The appropriation of ideas, concepts and models by management practitioners." Thesis, Coventry University, 2010. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/3a609904-662a-8b92-39ee-bee2c8452dd4/1.
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During the second half of the 20th century there has been both a burgeoning intellectual interest in business and management as a topic and an exponential growth in the formal study of business and management as an academic subject. Indeed by the end of the century it was estimated that worldwide there were 8,000 business schools and more than 13 million students of business and management. In addition, it was estimated that worldwide annual expenditure on university level business and management education had reached US $15 billion (The Global Foundation for Management Education, 2008). However, despite this there is a lack of clarity regarding both the scale and the nature of the influence that academic scholarship exerts over managers. Accordingly this research study has sought to investigate the appropriation of ideas, theories, concepts and models by management practitioners. The thesis has reviewed and evaluated the two most obvious, most established and most influential potential explanations. These were diffusion of innovations (Rogers, 1962) and fashion theory (Abrahamson, 1991 & 1996; Abrahamson & Fairchild, 1999). It has been concluded that whilst both these potential explanations provided important insights, neither was able to provide a comprehensive theoretical foundation for this research study. Accordingly, a much broader range of pertinent scholarship was reviewed and evaluated. This included, but is not limited to, the scholarship that is associated with learning by adults (Dewey, 1933; Bartlett, 1967; Schank & Abelson, 1976; Mezirow, 1977). Although this additional scholarship provided a further range of potential explanations, the extent to which any of these would be found within the particular setting of management practitioners remained unclear. In addition, the literature review highlighted a number of unresolved debates regarding issues such as (i) whether management was a science or an applied science; (ii) whether it was a craft or a profession; (iii) whether in reality there were fashionable trends in management practice or whether in fact such practices were remarkably stable; and (iv) whether management theoreticians, gurus and consultants actually exerted significant influence over management practitioners. The literature review also highlighted methodological concerns relating to the use of citation analysis as a proxy for primary information regarding managerial practice. Hence, this research is situated in a gap which is delineated by the unresolved issues that are associated with both diffusion theory and fashion theory; the applicability of the broader range of scholarship to a management setting; the unresolved debates within this field of interest and the need to obtain primary information relating to management practice, rather than being dependant upon citation analysis. The research study has utilised qualitative data and inductive reasoning to examine these matters and the overarching research philosophy has been that of realism (Ritchie & Lewis, 2003). Ultimately, 39 semi-structured, recorded interviews were undertaken using the critical incident technique (Flanagan, 1954). Collectively these interviews lasted for 35 hours and obtained information relating to 160 critical incidents. The verbatim transcripts of the interviews totalled 350,000 words. A case study analysis of this data was undertaken to examine the decision making of the interviewees in relation to some of their most challenging managerial situations. This analysis concluded that for the ‘generality’ of these interviewees; theory played little, or no, overt part in their decision making. The data was also subjected to a content analysis using a bespoke compendium of 450 ‘terms’ that represented the development of theorising about management over the whole of the 20th century. This analysis concluded that the influence of the 20th century’s management theoreticians over these interviewees was weak. Finally, the possibility that any such influence might be a covert, rather than an overt; phenomenon was examined using both the insights of intertextuality (Allen, 2000; Bazerman, 2004) and the framework analysis technique (Ritchie, Spencer & O’Connor, 2003). This analysis demonstrated that the discourse, dialogue and language of these interviewees could be indexed to four domains; (i) the theoretical; (ii) the conceptual; (iii) the tactical; and (iv) the practical. The intertextual indexing outcomes were corroborated both by substantial extracts from the verbatim interview transcripts and by three unrelated strands of scholarship. These were (i) adaptive memory systems (Schacter, 2001); (ii) the realities of management (Carlson, 1954; Stewart, 1983; Mintzberg, 1989) and (iii) the role of concepts and conceptual thinking in nursing (McFarlane, 1977; Gordon, 1998; Orem, 2001). On this basis it has been concluded that management can be characterised as a conceptual discipline; that in its essential nature management is at least as conceptual as it is either theoretical or practical; and that managers appropriate concepts and ideas, rather than theories and models per se.
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Peacock, Christine. "A novella of ideas : how interactive new media art can effectively communicate an indigenous philosophical concept." Queensland University of Technology, 2009. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/30391/.
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How interactive new media art can effectively communicate an indigenous philosophical concept. The sophistication and complexity of the philosophical concept concerning relationships between land and people and between people, intrinsic to the laws and customs of Australian Indigenous society, has begun to be communicated and accessed beyond the realm of anthropological and ethnological domains of Western scholarship. The exciting scope and rapid development of new media arts presents an innovative means of creating an interactive relationship with the general Australian public, addressing the urgent need for an understanding of Indigenous Australian concepts of relationship to land, and to each other, absent from Western narratives. The study is framed by an Indigenous concept of place, and relationships between land and people and between people; and explores how this concept can be clearly communicated through interactive new media arts. It involves: a creative project, the development of an interactive new media art project, a website work-in-progress titled site\sight\cite; and an exegesis, a Novella of Ideas, on the origins, influences, objectives, and potential of creative practices and processes engaged in the creative project. Research undertaken for the creative project and exegesis extended my creative practice into the use of interdisciplinary arts, expressly for the expression of philosophical concepts, consolidating 23 years experience in Indigenous community arts development. The creative project and exegesis contributes to an existing body of Indigenous work in a range of areas - including education, the arts and humanities - which bridges old and new society in Australia. In this study, old and new society is defined by the time of the initial production of art and foundations of knowledge, in the country of its origins, in Indigenous Australia dating back at least 40,000 years.
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Hancock, Donald H. (Donald Hugh). "Ideas About Adult Learning in Fifth and Fourth Century B.C. Athens." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330707/.
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The problem of this study was to determine to what extent contemporary adult education theory has similarities to and origins in ancient Athenian ideas about education. The methodology used in the study combined hermeneutics and the critical theory of Jurgen Habermas. Primary sources incuded Aristotle, Plato, Aristophanes, and Diogenes Laertius; secondary sources included Jaeger, Marrou, Dover, and Kennedy. In the analysis of Athenian adult education, three groups of adult educators were identified—the poets the sophists, and the philosophers. The poets were the traditional educators of the Greek people; their shared interest or way of perceiving the world emphasized the importance of community cohesion and health. In Athens in the mid-fifth century B.C., a new group of educators, the sophists, arose to fill a demand of adults for higher and adult education in the skills necessary to participate in the assembly and courts. The sophists emphasized a pragmatic human interest and taught the skill of rhetoric. Socrates and Plato created a new school of educators, the philosophers, who became vigorous ideological opponents of both the poets and the sophists. The philosophers exhibited a transcendental interest or approach to knowledge; the purpose of life was to improve the soul, and the preferred way of life was contemplative rather than active. The philosophers taught the skill of dialectic. Paideia was a Greek word that originally referred to childhood education but which came to mean education throughout the lifespan and the civic culture that supported education. Athenian citizens perceived their paideia to be among their greatest virtues, an attainment which could not be lost to the fortunes of time as could wealth or position. Modern adult education lacks the concern for the communal and transcendental human interests that were important to many ancient Greeks. Modern cultures tend to promote strong individuation of personality and to idealize pragmatic and individualistic concerns. Researchers in the field of adult education often assign to human nature the pragmatic and individualistic qualities of adult learners, but fail to recognize how these features reflect ideologies peculiar to modern American society.
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Rtveliashvili, Robert, and Oscar Swinden. "Being Fit to Lead : Travel of Ideas within the Leadership Context." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415996.
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Nowadays actors within the business context are presented with a vast menu of different ideas which they can potentially adopt. This begs the question why actors choose to adopt a specific idea out of all the other available options. Our study explores the theoretical topic concerning travel of ideas, through the empirical context of leaders who practice extreme athleticism. The research question is: How and why do leaders adopt the idea of extreme athleticism? To answer this question, we assort several theoretical insights into six themes that are foremost predicated upon Scandinavian institutionalist contributions. The six themes are translation, previous practices, strategic purposes, fashion, legitimacy, and field, which is synthesised into a novel conceptual framework to help us understand how and why actors adopt an idea. The study is qualitative and collects data from 12 semi-structured interviews and 48 newspaper articles. Our main finding is that each of the six themes explored in this study are salient and helps us understand how and why actors adopt an idea, with a particular emphasis on the interplay between the intrinsic and extrinsic benefits. A suggestion for further research is therefore to develop and refine the conceptual model presented in this study.
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Morra, Erica, and Lisa Zenker. "Chapter 1: In Search of Innate Leadership : Discovering, Evaluating and Understanding Innateness." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-34622.
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Every individual is born with different natural competencies that can be honed by both voluntary and involuntary environmental stimuli. The response our genotype decides to make, if any, towards those stimuli, determines how well our competencies develop. Each person’s coding and variations of genes will result in unique qualities in their phenotype, or physical structure. As a result, a person has various traits that are displayed through their behavior. DNA is genetically shown to express itself through traits by up to 75%. This leaves a sort of buffer of around 25%. This region is available for us to adapt to our environmental stimuli. Your innate qualities will not reach their full potential without stimulation from the environment, in a leadership case, with education and training and therefore it can be argued that environmental exposure is necessary to fully expose the potentials and capabilities of an individual, rather than instill a new skill or develop a talent that was not existent before. Innate leadership is not a permanent state, on the contrary, it is a continuously adaptive situation demanding contextual evolutionary changes or resignation from the subject occupying the role. When the needs and demands of a society or era outweigh the relevance of the innate leaders' traits and competencies, an evolution of leadership is needed to maintain a positive relationship between all parties involved. As a result, the innate leader will begin to lose their innateness in their role and unless they evolve and adapt (because the two actions are not the same) to new contextual needs, their tenure as leader will begin to be detrimental and counter-functional. What we want to put forward is a real, universal and constructive understanding of what makes a human happy, motivated and productive and how an innate person in context is a much better solution in the short and long run, for those around them when put to a task.
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Lazendic, Goran Psychology Faculty of Science UNSW. "The locus and source of verbal associations." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Psychology, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25150.
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In this dissertation an attempt was made to uncover the source of verbal associations. The investigation focused on establishing the locus of representation for associative relationships in the cognitive system and whether this locus is different from that for semantic relationships. A picture naming task and an object decision task were used within the standard priming paradigm, in which the target is preceded by a prime. A dual-level model was proposed in which associative relatedness is represented at a lemma level that connects the lexical form representation of a word to its semantic information. According to this model an interaction between associative and categorical relatedness should occur in picture naming, but not in object decision, when primes and targets share both relationships, and this is what was observed. To investigate the mechanisms of associative priming, asymmetrically associated prime-target pairs were used to create two situations. In the forward priming condition the target was an associate of the prime (e.g., brick-house), and in the backward priming condition the prime was an associate of the target (e.g., babyrattle). Unexpectedly, facilitation was observed for backward priming at the short SOA in picture naming. Because no effect was observed for this condition in the object decision task, and given that forward priming produced facilitation in both tasks spreading activation was upheld as the mechanism for associative priming. In order to investigate whether the source of the relationship between associates might be in their latent semantic content, the impact of instrument relationships (e.g., grinder-coffee), script relationships (e.g., zoo-tiger), and proximity in multidimensional semantic space were also investigated in the picture naming task. Items that were close in semantic space, but did not share any semantic relationships, produced the same priming pattern as category co-ordinates in picture naming (i.e., interference), while instrumental and script relationships did not produce a priming pattern that matched either that observed for associative or categorical relatedness. These results were taken to indicate that the source of associative relationships is in the co-occurrence of words in the language, which further supported the main claim of a dual-level model where information about verbal associations is stored outside semantic memory.
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Edyvane, Valda. "Liberty, peace, and friendliness: the political ideas of Auberon Herbert." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1908.
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The political ideas of Auberon Herbert are usually associated with the late Victorian Individualist thinkers primarily influenced by the philosopher Herbert Spencer. Although Herbert derived his political philosophy of Voluntaryism from Spencer’s thinking it also owed much to J. S. Mill. Voluntaryism was based on a Lockean-Spencerian conception of individual natural rights that asserted self-ownership and the moral obligation for individuals to respect the rights of other people. Rights protection against force and fraud constituted the primary purpose of government. Herbert, aptly describing Voluntaryism as the system of liberty, peace and friendliness, applied these principles to a range of situations from street maintenance, to collective property purchase, and, finally, to the voluntary support of the state. Voluntary taxation was the most controversial component of Herbert’s theory, emphasising its distinctiveness. Although Herbert resisted socialist and new liberal attempts to expand the role of the state, his reasons for doing so shared little in common with conservative critics of this direction. Herbert, a republican and democrat, repeatedly attacked privilege, seeking widespread change including land reform and universal suffrage. His position represented that of a radical reformer seeking to promote Voluntaryism as the basis for friendly co-operation among free individuals at home and abroad. An internationalist, Herbert opposed aggressive imperialism, but also supported national self-determination, including Irish Home Rule. The notion of the voluntary state has led to claims of Herbert’s anarchism, but research indicates a greater complexity to his political ideas. Overall, Herbert was an extreme libertarian who never completely lost sight of the state, although he greatly limited its role. While Herbert’s political theory was idealistic, it avoided the social prescription usually associated with utopianism. Herbert’s commitment to an ethos of radical progressivism was one he shared with other contemporary socialist and anarchist thinkers who, like Herbert, attempted to live the politics they espoused. For his political philosophy and activism, Herbert warrants acknowledgement as one of the most prominent English libertarians of the nineteenth century.
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Smith, Nathan J. "Does Video Game Content Matter? An Examination of Two Competing Ideas." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6026.
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The current paper addresses the associations between video game content (i.e., physically aggressive, relationally aggressive, and prosocial) and physical aggression, relational aggression, and prosocial behavior in two distinct developmental periods. The purpose of the paper is to test whether playing video games with a particular type of content influences behaviors over time, or whether individuals who have higher levels of physical aggression, relational aggression, or prosocial behavior prefer to play games with similar content. Two theories will be simultaneously examined and tested in order to determine the relative merit in using each in research examining the relationships between video game content and positive and negative behaviors. More specifically, this paper will address the General Aggression Model/General Learning Model (GAM/GLM) and the Uses and Gratification Theory. The GAM/GLM, at their core, predict that exposure to video game content will build a cognitive schema which will guide how an individual should behave when confronted with a later social encounter (Anderson & Bushman, 2002). Contrarily, Uses and Gratification would suggest that a person chooses to play video games with a particular type of content, and that video games should not influence behavior. Specifically, according to the theory, individuals should seek out video games in order to fulfill their inward feelings and motivations (e.g., an individual with aggressive tendencies would play games with more violent and aggressive content) (Katz, Blumler, & Gurevitch, 1973; Whiting & Williams, 2013). A careful analysis showed a significant relationship between each type of video game content and its' corresponding behavior among adolescents, which supports the assumptions of the GAM and GLM. There was no relationship between video game content and behavior among preschoolers. With the exception of relational aggression of physically aggressive content, there was no support for Uses and Gratification Theory, in that preschoolers' and adolescents' levels of physical aggression, relational aggression, and prosocial behavior were not related to the preference for video games with different types of content. The analysis adds significantly to the current literature by showing a relationship between video game content and behavior over a four year period.
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Coombs, Sarah Elizabeth. "The genesis of the International Labour Organization and international regime theory, labour and social justice, social movements and ideas." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq21040.pdf.
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Liljefors, Oskar, and Tan Joanna. "Two Management Ideas for the Price of One : A Study About Hybrid Management Control Systems." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446695.
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The increased competition and volatile market today have led to the increased interest in agile management control systems. Previous studies have been made on the subject where researchers argue that there is a need for organizations to become agile. However, many practitioners seem hesitant to only implement agile approaches. This study explores how hybrid management control systems are developed and used over time in a large organization. This is a case study that uses semi-structured interviews to collect data. This study found that an agile management control system was not a one-size-fits-all solution. The reason for this is because organizational context and obstacles prevent the organization from fully committing to one management idea. This study concludes that organizations are hesitant to change long-time used practices. Also, managers and employees have different preferences where managers value traditional approaches more while employees prefer agile approaches. Therefore, organizations incorporate parts from various management systems that fit their organization and develop a hybrid management control system.
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Liljefors, Oskar, and Joanna Tan. "Two Management Ideas for the Price of One : A Study About Hybrid Management Control Systems." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446695.
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The increased competition and volatile market today have led to the increased interest in agile management control systems. Previous studies have been made on the subject where researchers argue that there is a need for organizations to become agile. However, many practitioners seem hesitant to only implement agile approaches. This study explores how hybrid management control systems are developed and used over time in a large organization. This is a case study that uses semi-structured interviews to collect data. This study found that an agile management control system was not a one-size-fits-all solution. The reason for this is because organizational context and obstacles prevent the organization from fully committing to one management idea. This study concludes that organizations are hesitant to change long-time used practices. Also, managers and employees have different preferences where managers value traditional approaches more while employees prefer agile approaches. Therefore, organizations incorporate parts from various management systems that fit their organization and develop a hybrid management control system.
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Seggiaro, Claudia. "Resonancias platónicas en la serie de fragmentos 33-36 del Protréptico de Aristóteles." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú - Departamento de Humanidades, 2011. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/112927.
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Platonic Echoes in the 33-36 fragments of Aristotle’s Protrepticus”. Theaim of this paper is to examine the series of fragments 33-36 of the Protrepticusunder the light of a possible Platonic influence. Our thesis is that, despite the factthat the definition of science as the knowledge of causes and the identificationof these with the principles of reality is an essential conception of Platonism, thefact that we find in the Protrepticus the influence of this conception does not allowus to infer that Aristotle is referring there to the Platonic Ideas or to the idealnumbers defended by his teacher whether it be in his exoteric work or his oralteachings. From our perspective, even though it seems undeniable that, at thetime when he wrote the Protrepticus, Aristotle nourished from some of the mainPlatonic theses, theses which will determine the way in which he understandsreality, it is also undeniable that Aristotle held a critical stand in front of someof the conceptions defended in the nucleus of the Academy.El objetivo del presente trabajo será examinar la serie de fragmentos33-36 del Protréptico a la luz de la posible influencia platónica. La tesis que intentaremosponer a prueba es que, pese a que la definición de ciencia como elconocimiento de las causas y la identificación de estas con los principios de lo reales una concepción esencial del platonismo, el hecho de que encontremos en elProtréptico la influencia de esta concepción no nos permite inferir que Aristótelesse esté refiriendo allí a las Ideas platónicas o a los números ideales defendidospor su maestro ya sea en su obra exotérica o en sus enseñanzas orales. Desdenuestra perspectiva, si bien pareciera ser indudable que, al momento de escribirel Protrético, Aristóteles se nutre de algunas de las principales tesis platónicasque condicionarán su propia manera de entender la realidad, también parecieraser innegable que Aristóteles tiene una postura crítica respecto de algunas delas concepciones defendidas en el núcleo de la Academia.
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Marçal, Gonçalo Simões. "Uma crise das ideias económicas : uma perspectiva histórica." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7737.
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Mestrado em EconomiaEste trabalho propõe-se analisar a presente crise das ideias económicas a partir de uma perspectiva histórica. Para o efeito, proceder-se-á ao levantamento de algumas crises das ideias económicas ocorridas no passado, bem como a um resumo alargado dos factores que estão na origem da presente crise. A análise centra-se na dimensão teórica das crises em estudo e na sua resolução. Com o intuito de comparar as diferentes crises analisadas, procuraremos identificar mecanismos comuns à evolução das mesmas, bem como avaliar o estado de evolução da presente crise. Além disso, procuraremos determinar, de modo global, qual o papel desempenhado pelas crises das ideias económicas na evolução do conhecimento teórico-económico.
The purpose of the present work is to evaluate the current crisis of economic ideas from a historical standpoint. To that end, we will offer a brief survey of a few major crises of economic ideas occurred in the past, as well as an analysis of the different factors responsible for the present crisis. We will focus on the theoretical dimension of the crises and their solutions. Aiming to compare the different crises under analysis, we will try to identify mechanisms shared by all of them, and thereby to assess the current state of evolution of the present crisis. Moreover, on a larger scale, we will try to determine the role played by the crises of economic ideas within the evolution of theoretical knowledge.
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Loske, Alexandra. "The decorative scheme of the Royal Pavilion, Brighton : George IV's design ideas in the context of European colour theory, 1765-1845." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48862/.
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This thesis investigates the use of colour in the interior decorations of the Royal Pavilion, Brighton. The building was created between 1785 and c.1823 by the Prince of Wales (1762 – 1830), later Prince Regent and George IV. The main aims of the thesis are firstly, to analyse the intense colour scheme of the building and set it in the historical context of colour theory and pigment production, and secondly, to establish to what extent personal tastes and fashion influenced these designs. Chapter 1 brings together nineteenth century descriptions of and reactions to the building from early guidebooks and visitors' accounts, followed by brief outlines of restoration work carried out since 1850 and observations on how the building is experienced by visitors today. The aim of Chapter 2 is to provide an overview of colour theory and literature in Europe between c.1765 and c.1845, in order to highlight the cultural, social and scientific background to the use of colour in art and interior design. Chapter 3 outlines the role of key figures involved in the creation of the building. It first discusses the Prince's tastes in art and considers to what extent he may have drawn inspiration from other members of the Royal Family and earlier Oriental buildings and interiors. The chapter then discusses the artists and designers John and Frederick Crace, Robert Jones and Humphry Repton. Chapter 4 describes the colour schemes and chromatic layout of the interior of the building in its various stages from the 1780 to the 1820s. The chapter includes a case study of the conspicuous and varied use of silver as a colour in the building, discussed in the context of the use of silver in other European interiors. Three appendices provide detailed information of colour terms found in contemporary account books, pigments identified in the Royal Pavilion so far, their historical context and where they are found in the interiors. The thesis thus analyses the multi-sensory experience of an interior in relation to new ideas about colour as a crucial element of interior design.
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Nieznaj, Joanna. "Gamification for the long-term unemployed youth : Digital concept ideas for increasing motivation in the Swedish Welfare System." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-177665.
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Young unemployed individuals have often been struggling from an early age with disabilities or unfortunate circumstances, which makes their journey to employability unique. It is crucial that the individuals stay motivated to change and overcome hardship on their road to self-sufficiency. This thesis aims to understand how to motivate young long-term unemployed individuals through the lens of Self-Determination Theory and propose digital gamification concepts that can increase the users’ employability. Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with long-term unemployed individuals and occupational therapists. The analysis of the interviews pointed to several behavioral and motivational needs which gamification can fulfill by increasing the sense of autonomy, competence, and belonging for the individual. Three design concepts exemplifying this application were created and show that there are several motivational needs of the young long-term unemployed, that potentially can be met in a digital context.
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Lindqvist, Käll Märta-Stina. "Ideational Viability of Peace : A case study of ideas related to peace and their consequences for the Cyprus peace process." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184926.
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The Republic of Cyprus is often thought of as a tourist destination and hot spot for sun thirsty expats. Hidden from plain sight amongst holiday homes and blue waters, it may thus seem counterintuitive that Cyprus is home to a toxic ethno-nationalist political conflict that has mandated one of the longest running United Nations peace interventions to date. Still, life in Cyprus does not resemble a conflict zone. This beckon the conceptual debate of peace as more than the absence of war and raises questions of how peace is perceived by involved actors and subsequently, how it is influenced by subjective ideas. With negotiations stuck in a cycle of stalling and reassuming, the peace process is often described as the Cypriot deadlock. The cause of the deadlock is debated without consensus, but frequently boils down to disagreements over policies and issues of intercommunal mistrust. Looking to nuance these notions, this thesis aims to explain the deadlock ideationally by analysing ideas of peace as expressed by political elites and assess how they influence the peace process. The research presents a typological method for mapping ideational biases corresponding to meta-ideas of International relations theory. The central argument of this thesis is that the Cypriot peace process is deadlocked due to divergent ideational biases of political elites, rendering the rationales and strategies (the ideational underpinnings) behind the peace process ideationally unviable. This desktop study of Cyprus is based of primary data from the official websites of the Republic of Cyprus, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, and the United Nations, published between January of 2019 and April of 2021.
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Lloyd, M. S. "The place of ideas about property in political theory, in Great Britain between 1750-1850 : With special reference to labour and value theories, and the distribution of wealth between classes." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380779.
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Virag, Rebecca. "Images of inheritance : the influence of eugenic ideas and socio-biological theory in late-nineteenth century and early-twentieth century British art, (c. 1890-1918)." Thesis, Courtauld Institute of Art (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405866.
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Bäck, Sabina. "Volunteer Tourism : How the public opinion has changed and how Post-development ideas are shaping the discourse on volunteer tourism." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-80096.
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Volunteer tourism is a globally, popular and well-known field in which anyone may participate. During recent years the industry has increasingly received some criticism, in contrast to the otherwise quite commonly positive view of it. Hence, this thesis is taking a closer look at the industry and the discourse surrounding it and how the public opinion has changed during the last years. It will bring into light the impact volunteer tourism has both on the local communities and the volunteer tourists themselves. This will be done with respect to the following cases; positive, critical and seeing both sides of the discourse. The data derives from secondary and tertiary sources, the majority from articles from four of the world’s biggest newspapers. Post-Development theory will be used to identify the ideas regarding the discourse, which will be done with an approach of structured, focused comparison and critical discourse analysis. Additionally it will aim to identify the pros and cons with volunteer tourism and discuss why one of the perspectives might require more attention than it has had up until now. Significantly though, it will aim to provide the reader with an overall and objective view of the field.
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Ahlgren, Thorbjörn. "Institutionalisering på hemmaplan : En idés resa i den sociala barnavården." Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-36715.
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This thesis describes and analyses in three substudies how home-based measures for children are expanding and why an open care idea are established as part of the Swedish child welfare. The first substudy describes the national increment of what today can be considered as a treatment policy – non-institutional care in child welfare. The results are analysed with Kingdon's agenda setting theory and shows that the factors of what Kingdon describes as problems-, politics- and policyflow influenced the national increment. Significant mechanisms have primarily been, the profession, the society's concerns for socially disadvantaged children, negative experiences of institutionalisation and a political position to deinstitutionalise all care. The second substudy focuses on how knowledge and research contributes to ideological, professional, and organizational change in child welfare by analysis of Research & Developments reports and articles from the professional journal Socionomen. Based on the neo-institutional concepts of organisational fields and isoformism the study's results shows that a consequence of adaptation strategies and "rationalized myths" are a number of similarities in how home-based measures are organized and which measures that are used. The third substudy, a case study, analyses how we can understand a local development of ideas in social services for children with concepts from neo institutional theory. Interviews and municipal documents are analysed and shows that the local translation of an open care idea is characterized by discretion, personal preferences and action and affects the choice of method and organization. The study also shows a political mistrust of institutional care while there is at the same time political confidence in the individual social worker's ability to find solutions that allow non-institutional measures to be an alternative to institutional care. An overall conclusion of the thesis is that there is now a treatment policy in social services for the children, which involves extensive efforts at home and it has led to that more children receive support from social services. One result of non-institutional care increment is that it led to increased costs for municipalities for intervention for children and young people when out-of-home care has not decreased. Another general conclusion is that translation and adaptation of ideas to local contexts is something that generally fits street-level bureaucrats need for discretion.
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Framba, Alice. "What Makes the EU Tick? : Understanding the Role of Ideas in the Design of the European Institutions in a Novel Way." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-177371.
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This Research is aimed at becoming a theoretical contribution to the field of European Integration Theory and IR for two reasons. Firstly, this Research proposes the theoretical perspective of Talcott Parsons from sociology and organizational research to scholars within IR Theory. By employing the historical institutionalist and social constructivist IR perspectives and Parsons's 'four-function paradigm' theory, scholars can identify the two effects of a successful institutional design of international political organizations such as the EU: effectiveness and a good public reputation. The Literature Review in Chapter 2 is a theoretical discussion about compatibility of the Parsonians concepts of 'adaptation', a 'holistic approach to policymaking', 'success', and the 'European institutional design' with the European Integration Theory and IR fields. The same Chapter stresses the need to consider the 'ideas' of political leaders in analysing change of institutional design. The second reason for which this Research is a contribution to IR theory is the presentation of eight specific strategies that are likely to generate an organization's success. The eight strategies are institutional conditions making up the 'eight-condition model' of Charles Edquist. This Research adopts an objective and deductive approach that applies the Parsonians theory and the Edquist's 'eight-condition model' to empirical data about European institutions in a cross-sectional and longitudinal research design in the Analysis Chapters 4, 5, and 6. A 'holistic innovation policy approach' to supranational policymaking is employed by the Researcher for the salient circumstances of success to be identified, in order to guide data collection and analysis. The results show that success occurred three times: fully, in the years between 1945 and 1958 and from 1959 to 2002, and partially from 2003 until our days. The concepts of 'adaptation', 'success', 'ideas', the 'four-function paradigm' theory of Parsons and the 'eight-condition model' of Edquist are discussed and ultimately claimed to be both epistemologically compatible and methodologically valid for studies about the success of European integration in the Discussions and Conclusions Chapter.
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Morgan, Allan Robert. "The principal in a process of school revitalisation: a metastrategic role." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Education, 2008. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00004077/.
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[Abstract]: The educational literature has popularised models of school leadership such as Instructional, Transformational, Strategic, Educative, and Servant Leadership. Whilst valuable as ways of conceptualising leadership styles, worldviews, traits, roles and functions of individual principals, these models fall short of capturing the dynamic between the outcomes of leadership and the leadership process in contemporary school contexts. Distributed leadership theory is held by many to be more attuned to the post-industrial needs of organisations, and its influence on educational research has seen the emergence of new ways of comprehending leadership in schools. One influential example is ‘parallel leadership’, a derivative of distributed leadership that describes teachers as leaders of curriculum and pedagogy and principals as metastrategic leaders. This study looks specifically at the leadership processes of a small sample of principals in the process of school revitalisation titled IDEAS (Innovative Designs for Enhancing the Achievements of Schools). A key motivation for this study was that the concept of ‘parallel leadership’ had been subjected to little serious critique. Uncertainty surrounded how principals in IDEAS schools conceptualised their leadership, and what impacts experience with the IDEAS Project has on conceptions of leadership. The purpose of this study was to tease out the meanings that a sample of principals gave to their highly complex role as principal, whilst engaging with the concept of ‘parallel leadership’ during their schools’ implementations of IDEAS. The Research Problem was stated as: What conceptions of principal leadership arise out of a sample of principals’ experiences with a process of school revitalisation that emphasises a distributed approach to school leadership? The overarching inquiry took the form of a multi-case or collective case study and comprised four principals who had engaged with IDEAS over a period of at least two years. Data collection strategies included the in-depth interview, which was chosen as the primary method for informants to describe their perceptions of their leadership, together with concept mapping and a structured interview that was utilised to gain staff perceptions of informants’ leadership. Methods of analysis involved detailed transcriptions of taped interviews and tools derived from the literature review that were used to code and categorise the texts of interviews.Crowther et al. (2001) proposed a Model of Successful School Revitalisation as a result of their research conducted under the auspices of the Australian Research Council and Commonwealth Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs (DETYA). Source: (Crowther, Hann & McMaster 2001, p. 141). First, the Model identifies principal leadership and teacher leadership as each having concrete meaning and significance and that success occurs through a mutual and respectful association. This relationship is captured by the authors in the new concept of ‘parallel leadership’. Second, the Model makes clear a view that effective school leadership impacts three school processes that are conceptualised as culture building, shared approach to pedagogy and schoolwide learning. Third, the Model proposes that through the enrichment and integration of these three processes school outcomes are enhanced.This study focussed on the principal leadership aspect of ‘parallel leadership’ and resulted in a Model of Metastrategic Principal Leadership that conceptualises the intersection of principal leadership and the ideas process which Crowther et al. described as the Stimulus.The present study thereby extends the definition of ‘parallel leadership’ by describing how principals contribute to transformations of leadership, learning, and pedagogy through three principal-led processes. The proposed Model of Metastrategic Principal Leadership suggests that when activated by a principal’s continuous professional learning the combination of the interactions of personal style (Personal), the process of revitalisation (Processual), and personal conceptualisation of role (Conceptual) result in principal-led processes that support successful school revitalisation. The three principal-led processes that were uncovered are described as re-imaging school leadership, support of organisation-wide learning, and management of meaning.The researcher hopes the outcomes of the study will be of benefit to principals and teachers in the increasing numbers of schools now engaging with IDEAS across Australia and internationally. A further hope is that the present study’s descriptions of new ways of comprehending leadership in schools might be of assistance to school practitioners seeking to move from traditional to distributed forms of leadership and also educational theorists who are working in the field of school improvement.
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Graham, Minenor-Matheson. "Think tanks and the construction of authority in the UK : Ideological representations of private sector knowledge producers in broadcast television news." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, JMK, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-183237.
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Private sector knowledge producers, more commonly known as think tanks or research institutes, are used as authoritative sources in Western media either as interview guests or their research quoted by journalists. Most studies have focused on their ability to influence government policy, but very little has focused on their role in the public sphere, particularly their visibility in media. This study will explore how often think representatives appear as authoritative sources or experts in broadcast media during the 2015, 2017 and 2019 UK General Elections. This will be done through a quantitative content analysis and thematic analysis investigating whether such representatives are accorded preferential access and ascribed primary authority to define narratives. Additionally, a theoretical model has been designed to detect whether a marketplace of ideas can be detected or whether television news is a site of Habermassian rational-critical public sphere. Inspired by the work of Anstead and Chadwick, and taking this vital work further, this study investigates whether authority signalling, and primary definition is still a relevant theory by analysing broadcast news coverage across three general elections.
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Jones, Elies. "Eco-innovation : tools to facilitate early-stage workshops." Thesis, Brunel University, 2003. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5377.
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This thesis presents research carried out into the use of creative tools at the early stages of eco-innovation. Eco-innovation is a practical approach aiming to develop new products and processes which significantly decrease our impact on the environment. Designers are trained to develop profitable products that increase production and consumption. Eco-innovation is a new discipline in which designers can radically reduce the environmental burdens of production and consumption through the innovation of new types of products and services. The main aim of this research was to develop an approach that would promote significant environmental improvements whilst remaining a practical, design-focused discipline. Problems and under-investigated aspects of eco-innovation were identified: • Creative approaches at early stages of eco-innovation were under-investigated and few tools had been developed for use at the early stages. • Empirical design research techniques had rarely been used to assess new eco-innovation tools or to inform their subsequent development. The focus of the research work was the development and testing of tools to facilitate workshops at the early stages of eco-innovation. Not only was the goal to facilitate the generation of radical ideas but also to ensure that these were developed into appropriate solutions having the potential to be taken up in industry. The development of the tools was based on literature research, worked examples and interviews. The tools were tested in controlled workshop experiments and the results were analysed using various empirical techniques. First, an idea-recording technique to improve the efficiency of generating and harvesting ideas in a team design process was developed. This novel tool was called the Product Ideas Tree (PIT) diagram. The tool was tested for its ability to facilitate design workshops. Secondly, a structured approach to innovation - the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) - was investigated. Worked examples using some of the tools from TRIZ were presented and a limited number of tools were selected and simplified for testing in team design workshops. The PIT diagram and TRIZ tools experiments established which attributes of the tools and approaches were most beneficial. The development and testing of these specific tools provided the following general contributions to eco-innovation: • A model for eco-innovation that describes the factors influencing the discipline and the attributes of good practice. • A recommended process to transform radical ideas into appropriate solutions to improve their potential to be taken up in industry. • General insights into the use of tools in early-stage workshops such as: tool selection, integration into existing processes, system-level problem solving and providing thematic information. • Suggested improvements for testing tools in controlled workshop experiments.
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Souza, Tânia Santos Coelho de. "Ideias, atores e campos estratégicos : a transferência de ideias e práticas entre o campo de combate à corrupção e o campo da política fiscal no Brasil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/126082.
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Esta tese investiga o papel de ideias e seus portadores organizados em campos de ação estratégica no processo de deslocamento de conteúdos e práticas do campo de ação estratégica da política de combate à corrupção para o da política de educação fiscal, um subcampo da política fiscal. O período de 1998-2014 analisado relaciona-se aos mandatos presidenciais. A base teórica apresenta estudos sobre o papel das ideias em políticas públicas (KINGDOM, 1995; BÉLAND E COX, 2011; FAFARD, 2012; JONH, 2003), a Teoria dos Campos Estratégicos (FLIGSTEIN, 2007; FLIGSTEIN EMACADAM, 2012) e, subsidiariamente, a sociologia da moral (PHARO, 1992). Os procedimentos metodológicos incluíram pesquisa em documentosoficiais de instituições governamentais e societais, acompanhamento de eventos e entrevistas. Idealmente, identificam-se duas interpretações relevantes sobre a política em cada campo investigado. Nas políticas de combate à corrupção, há as interpretações econômico-institucional e moral, respectivamente do grupo desafiante e do grupo dominante. Na política de educação fiscal, as interpretações relacionam-se ao sistema tributário e ao cumprimento voluntário da obrigação fiscal. Dominantes defendem a alfabetização fiscal para elevar o cumprimento voluntário da obrigação fiscal; desafiantes, a formação crítica que transforme o sistema fiscal, reduzindo iniquidades fiscais e fortalecendo seu papel nas políticas de combate à corrupção. A educação fiscal é um subcampo dependente do campo da política fiscal e ambos os campos investigados (políticas de combate à corrupção e educação fiscal) estão imersos em um contexto social ampliado da política de disputa sobre os modelos de Estado, compreendidos idealmente como social e noeliberal. Desafiantes de ambos os campos defendem um Estado social; dominantes, um Estado neoliberal. A estratégia inovadora adotada pelo grupo desafiante das políticas de combate à corrupção, ao transferir ideias para o subcampo da educação fiscal, alterou a relação entre dominantes e desafiantes no campo destinatário. Esse resultado está relacionado a dois fatores: (1) episódios de disputa no campo da educação fiscal que afetaram a coesão dos dominantes; (2) entrada na educação fiscal de atores habilidosos que agiram intencionalmente para alterar o equilíbrio do campo em favor das suas ideias, utilizando múltiplas identidades e dialogando sob um consenso moral sobre o papel positivo da educação. Considerando o contexto histórico, social e político brasileiro, conclui-se que os dominantes do campo da educação fiscal ainda mantêm a dominação, mas a influência hegemônica foi afetada. Osdesafiantes, apoiados pelos migrantes da política de combate à corrupção, estão habilmente transferindo conteúdos e práticas, obtendo avanços e mantendo a disputa aberta no campo.This thesis investigated the role of ideas and their carriers organized in strategic fields of action in the content displacement process and practices of strategic action field of anticorruption policy for the strategic playing field in the tax education policy, a subfield of fiscal policy. The 1998-2014 period of the analysis was considered in relation to presidential terms. The theoretical basis comprised studies on the role of ideas in public policy (KINGDOM, 1995; BELAND AND COX, 2011; FAFARD, 2012; JONH, 2003), the Theory of Strategic Fields (FLIGSTEIN, 2007; FLIGSTEIN AND MACADAM, 2012), and secondarily the sociology of morality (PHARO, 1992). The methodological procedures included research in official documents of governmental and societal institutions, events monitoring and interviews. Ideally, this study identifies two relevant interpretations of the policy in each field investigated. In the anti-corruption policies, it isidentified the economic and institutional interpretation and moral, respectively in the challenging group and in the dominant group. In fiscal education policy, interpretations are related to the tax system and voluntary compliance with the tax obligation. The dominant advocate a tax literacy to increase voluntary compliance with the tax obligation, and the challenging, a critical training that transforms the tax system by reducing tax inequities and strengthening their role in anti -corruption policies. The tax education is a subfield-dependent on the fiscal policy field and to both fields investigated, tofight corruption and tax education policies, are immersed in a larger social context of the dispute policy on State models, ideally understood as a social state and neoliberal state. Challengers of both fields investigated advocate a welfare state; while the dominant advocate a neoliberal state. The innovative strategy adopted by the challenging group of anticorruption policies by exporting their ideas tothe subfield of tax education changed the relationship between the dominant and the challenging in the recipient field. This result is related to two factors: (1) the dispute episodesin the field of education tax that affected the cohesion of the dominant; (2) the entry into the tax education of skilled actors who acted intentionally to alter the balance of the field infavor of their ideas using multiple identities and dialogue under a moral consensus on the positive role of education. Considering the Brazilian historical, social and political context, it is concluded that the dominant on the fiscal education field still supports the domination of the field, but its hegemonic influence was affected. The challengers, backed by migrants of the anti-corruption policy, are skillfully transferring contents and practices, obtaining advances and keeping the dispute in open field.
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Östberg, Emmy. "Män enligt kvinnor : Manlighet i medborgarskapskampen, Kvinnornas tidning 1921-1922." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för idé- och lärdomshistoria, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-443721.
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There is a contradictive part of Swedish women's history that has been overlooked by too many historians. It is about the ways in which the women's movement viewed men in their arguments for citizenship. In this study I examine how man, men and masculinity were constructed as rhetorical objects of female emancipation in Kvinnornas tidning ('The Women's Magazine'). The magazine was published to educate women on civil matters after women's suffrage was granted in Sweden. By stuying the first publications from 1921-1922, I evaluate the obstacles that were connected to citizenship as a male prerogative, despite women's right to vote. The magazine is characterized by its aim to aggregate women to inluence the male, public sphere and thereby be defined as citizens. By identifying an ideology of separate spheres in the magazine, I study how men were portrayed in each sphere. Here I use the feminist theory of sameness-difference to map where Kvinnornas tidning referred to men as defined by their sex, and where this conflicted with (male) citizenship. My argument is that the ideas of men in the magazine related to how emancipatory aims were subject to male and female normative positions in each sphere. I argue that in the female private sphere, it was easier to strengthen women's authority by rejecting men based on sex, but that in the public sphere, men were the citizens that women aspired to become. By using the contract theory of political theorist Carole Pateman, I illustrate how the contradictions inherent in the original citizenship led to conflicts in their aim for female citizenship, which are evidenced by their ambivalence towards masculinity. Since their definitions of men either reinforced womanhood or confirmed the masculinity of citizenship, they reproduced the patriarchal sexual contract.
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Jönsson, Johan. "Att styra de döda : hjärndöda undantag och rätten att dödförklara." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för kultur och estetik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-178407.
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This study shows how the official death-declaring of bodies in 20th century Sweden became inextricably linked to the modulation of a population’s health through transplantations. In its critical examination of the terms of possibility to declare a body as dead in the latter half of 20th century Sweden the study not only relates to medicinal humanities and studies in contemporary biopolitics but, more broadly, the diverse field of Queer Death Studies. With its interdisciplinarity, the study approaches Swedish official governmental material in a genealogical manner and aims not only to show how bodies historically became declared as dead but, more importantly, to shed light on hidden points of intersections within western biopolitics. While the study reveals several distinctive trajectories—e.g. death-entry from self-evident to dissolved to eventualized—it also highlights biopolitical tactics in attempts to reach desirable outcomes and circumvent obstacles such as the public. Among these, it exposes an ambiguous right to declare bodies as dead with its possibility to produce exceptions from the judicial system—exceptions brought forth through a truth-telling of bodies bare life in tandem with an extraction of previously unattainable organs. Thus, the study suggests that to further understand contemporary governing, and not risking an intensification of it, Agamben’s approach towards hidden intersections between juridico-institutional and biopolitical needs to be extended to encompass a third vector of truth-telling.
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Berkowitz, Megan. "Understanding the Relevance of Cognitive Psychology to Composition: Taking a Closer Look at How Cognitive Psychology has Influenced Ideas about Reading, Writing, and the Teaching Process." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1208900950.
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Masters, Kenneth Andrew. "Observing and describing textual "reality": a critique of the claims to objective reality and authentication in new critical and structuralist literary theory, seen against a background of Feyerabend's ideas concerning paradigms, dominance and ideology." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002290.
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This thesis sets out to examine the claims to objective reality and authentication in New critical and Structuralist literary theories, concentrating on their claims to "objectivity" and "scientific validity." It examines the nature of these claims in the light of the original ideas proposed by some of the major New critics and structuralists in the development of their respective "sciences" of literary theory. Taking direction from the nature of reality and objectivity shown by the theorists, the thesis then attempts an assessment of the validity of some of the original perceptions and presuppositions concerning scientific objectivity and reality. It proposes that inconsistencies within the literary theories resulted from the theorists' inability to grasp the complexity and fluctuating nature of the borrowed terminology and principles that they were using. It does so by taking a closer look at the development of some of the more influential physical theories and the philosophical ideas raised by these developments. It then uses Feyerabend's work on paradigms, dominance and ideology to attempt an assessment of the reasons for the literary theorists' perceptions and presuppositions regarding objectivity and reality. This amounts to accounting for the specific scientific models chosen as bases, and also to accounting for the desire for the "scientific approach" at all. Its conclusions give an indication of the extent to which these original errors contributed to the theories' necessary adaptations of perspective and eventual loss of influence, and emphasises the need for the total understanding of concepts in one field by researchers in other fields, especially if those concepts are to be used by the researchers with any degree of precision.
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Kuukkanen, Jouni-Matti. "Meaning change in the context of Thomas S. Kuhn's philosophy." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1259.
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Thomas S. Kuhn claimed that the meanings of scientific terms change in theory changes or in scientific revolutions. In philosophy, meaning change has been taken as the source of a group of problems, such as untranslatability, incommensurability, and referential variance. For this reason, the majority of analytic philosophers have sought to deny that there can be meaning change by focusing on developing a theory of reference that would guarantee referential stability. A number of philosophers have also claimed that Kuhn’s view can be explained by the fact that he accepted and further developed many central tenets of logical empiricism. I maintain that the genesis of Kuhn’s meaning theorising lies in his historical approach and that his view of meaning change is justified. Later in his career he attempted to advance a theory of meaning and can be said to have had limited success in it. What is more, recent cognitive science has unexpectedly managed to shed light on Kuhn’s insights on the organisation of information in the mind, concept learning, and concept definition. Furthermore, although Kuhn’s critique of Putnam’s causal theory of reference has often been dismissed as irrelevant, he has a serious point to address. Kuhn thought that the causal theory that works so well with proper names cannot work with scientific terms. He held that conceptual categories are formed by similarity and dissimilarity relations; therefore, several features and not only one single property are needed for determination of extension. In addition, the causal theory requires universal substances as points of reference of scientific terms. Kuhn was a conceptualist, who held that universals do not exist as mind-independent entities and that mind-dependent family resemblance concepts serve the role of universals. Further, at the beginning of his career, Kuhn was interested in the question of what concepts or ideas are and how they change in their historical context. Although he did not develop his theorising on this issue, I demonstrate that this is a genuine problem in the philosophy of history. Finally, Kuhn argued that scientists cannot have access to truth in history because we cannot transcend our historical niche, and as a consequence, the truth of a belief cannot be a reason for theory choice. Instead of truth, we can rely on justification. I also discuss Kuhn’s idea that problem-solving is the main aim of science and show that this view can be incorporated into coherentist epistemology.