Relevant bibliographies by topics / Theory of island biogeography

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Theory of island biogeography'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Theory of island biogeography"

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Gravel, Dominique, François Massol, Elsa Canard, David Mouillot, and Nicolas Mouquet. "Trophic theory of island biogeography." Ecology Letters 14, no. 10 (August 2, 2011): 1010–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01667.x.

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Chisholm, Ryan A., Tak Fung, Deepthi Chimalakonda, and James P. O'Dwyer. "Maintenance of biodiversity on islands." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1829 (April 27, 2016): 20160102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.0102.

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MacArthur and Wilson's theory of island biogeography predicts that island species richness should increase with island area. This prediction generally holds among large islands, but among small islands species richness often varies independently of island area, producing the so-called ‘small-island effect’ and an overall biphasic species–area relationship (SAR). Here, we develop a unified theory that explains the biphasic island SAR. Our theory's key postulate is that as island area increases, the total number of immigrants increases faster than niche diversity. A parsimonious mechanistic model approximating these processes reproduces a biphasic SAR and provides excellent fits to 100 archipelago datasets. In the light of our theory, the biphasic island SAR can be interpreted as arising from a transition from a niche-structured regime on small islands to a colonization–extinction balance regime on large islands. The first regime is characteristic of classic deterministic niche theories; the second regime is characteristic of stochastic theories including the theory of island biogeography and neutral theory. The data furthermore confirm our theory's key prediction that the transition between the two SAR regimes should occur at smaller areas, where immigration is stronger (i.e. for taxa that are better dispersers and for archipelagos that are less isolated).
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Obrist, Debora S., Patrick J. Hanly, Jeremiah C. Kennedy, Owen T. Fitzpatrick, Sara B. Wickham, Christopher M. Ernst, Wiebe Nijland, et al. "Marine subsidies mediate patterns in avian island biogeography." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1922 (March 11, 2020): 20200108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0108.

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The classical theory of island biogeography , which predicts species richness using island area and isolation, has been expanded to include contributions from marine subsidies, i.e. subsidized island biogeography (SIB) theory . We tested the effects of marine subsidies on species diversity and population density on productive temperate islands, evaluating SIB predictions previously untested at comparable scales and subsidy levels. We found that the diversity of terrestrial breeding bird communities on 91 small islands (approx. 0.0001–3 km 2 ) along the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada were correlated most strongly with island area, but also with marine subsidies. Species richness increased and population density decreased with island area, but isolation had no measurable influence. Species richness was negatively correlated with marine subsidy, measured as forest-edge soil δ 15 N. Density, however, was higher on islands with higher marine subsidy, and a negative interaction between area and subsidy indicates that this effect is stronger on smaller islands, offering some support for SIB. Our study emphasizes how subsidies from the sea can shape diversity patterns on islands and can even exceed the importance of isolation in determining species richness and densities of terrestrial biota.
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RECHER, HARRY F. "The Theory of Island Biogeography Revisited." Austral Ecology 36, no. 7 (October 25, 2011): e36-e37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2010.02226.x.

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Cousin, Jarrad. "Island Colonization: The Origin and Development of Island Communities." Pacific Conservation Biology 15, no. 1 (2009): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc090075.

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The theory of island biogeography revolutionized the study of island colonization and extinction. Since its inception in the 1960?s, it has allowed scientists and historians alike to understand reasons for patterns of species distributions on islands, as well as assisting conservation managers to model extinction risk of species populations on isolated islands. Volcanic islands represent a ?tabula rasa?, or clean slate for the study of island biogeography, as invariably, resultant volcanic activity decimates almost all observable life. As such, they form the ideal study unit for examining colonization of islands. The Krakatua eruption of 1883 is such an example, with the resultant blasts scouring the Krakatua islands of almost all life, thus allowing scientists to track the colonisation and successional stages that followed. Another example is Surtsey Island, which emerged from the sea 40 km south of Iceland in 1963. It represented a unique opportunity to examine colonization of a previously non-existent and thus uninhabited island. Given that there are many influences and avenues governing the origin and colonization of life on islands, Island Colonization: The Origin and Development of Island Communities, edited by Tim New, represents an important book compiling information on this topic.
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Lomolino, Mark V., and James H. Brown. "The Reticulating Phylogeny of Island Biogeography Theory." Quarterly Review of Biology 84, no. 4 (December 2009): 357–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/648123.

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Ogden, John. "Altitudinal diversity gradients and the theory of island biogeography - an explanation." Pacific Conservation Biology 8, no. 3 (2002): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc020213.

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As part of a wider discussion of forest diversity in New Zealand, Ogden (1995) pointed out that the area available between any pair of contours on a conical mountain decreased with altitude in parallel with the decrease in species richness. This correlation is confounded with other environmental variables, such as temperature, which have been widely considered to be causal in the diversity decline. However, generalization has been elusive, and the supposed causal mechanisms are often couched in vague terms such as "harshness". Ogden chose to emphasize area, and invoked the theory of island biogeography of MacArthur and Wilson (1967) by drawing parallels between islands and successively superimposed areas on mountains. Kingston (this issue) objected, mainly on the grounds that the theory of island biogeography refers to "isolated" areas and deals with the equilibrium between immigration and extinction, on which Ogden presented no evidence. In the light of these criticisms the data presented in Ogden (1995) is re-assessed here. I conclude that the "area hypothesis" is at least as good as any other for "explaining" (correlating with) elevational diversity trends. Area is itself correlated with environmental heterogeneity, which is presumably more important as a causal agent. However, Kingston's insistence on the need for evidence on immigration and extinction to support the application of island biogeography theory is acknowledged.
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Bell, Aaron J., Iain D. Phillips, Scott E. Nielsen, and John R. Spence. "Boreal ground-beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages of the mainland and islands in Lac la Ronge, Saskatchewan, Canada." Canadian Entomologist 149, no. 4 (May 8, 2017): 491–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2017.12.

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AbstractWe tested the applicability of the “passive sampling” hypothesis and theory of island biogeography (TIB) for explaining the diversity of forest-dwelling carabid assemblages (Carabidae: Coleoptera) on 30 forested islands (0.2–980.7 ha) in Lac la Ronge and the adjacent mainland in Saskatchewan, Canada. Species richness per unit area increased with distance to mainland with diversity being highest on the most isolated islands. We detected neither a positive species-area relationship, nor significant differences in species richness among island size classes, or between islands and the mainland. Nonetheless, carabid assemblages distinctly differed on islands <1 ha in area and gradually approached the structure of mainland assemblages as island area increased. Small islands were characterised by abundant populations of small-bodied, winged species and few if any large-bodied, flightless species like Carabus taedatus Fabricius. Our findings suggest that neither the “passive sampling” hypothesis nor the theory of island biogeography adequately explain carabid beetle diversity patterns observed among islands in Lac la Ronge. Instead, we hypothesise that population processes such as higher extinction rates of large-bodied, flightless species and the associated release of smaller-bodied, flying species from intra-guild predation on small islands contribute to observed differences in the structure of carabid assemblages between islands.
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Kay, M. K. "Linking biosecurity and biogeography." New Zealand Plant Protection 62 (August 1, 2009): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2009.62.4778.

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The unfathomable complexity of species interactions within biological systems tempts us to impose tidy concepts in an effort to predict or explain how ecosystems react to perturbation through species extinction or invasion The Equilibrium Theory of Island Biogeography (ETIB) contends that islands are inherently at risk of both invasion and extinction of species The appealing logic of the ETIB and a general consensus that biodiversity is linked to ecosystem resilience ie that the loss of biodiversity will result in a loss of ecosystem stability have been cemented into mainstream ecology However the biodiversity ecosystem resilience debate is far from resolved The ETIB treats species as empirical entities and takes no account of how species interactions evolve to determine the way ecosystems function The Island Resource Allocation (IRA) hypothesis offers a testable alternative explanation of how ecosystems function and could be considered by biosecurity agencies in assessing ecological risk of introduced species
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Schmiegelow, Fiona K. A., and Thomas D. Nudds. "Island biogeography of vertebrates in Georgian Bay Islands National Park." Canadian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 12 (December 1, 1987): 3041–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z87-460.

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Terrestrial vertebrates on 28 of 77 islands in Georgian Bay Islands National Park were examined by taxon (i.e., nonvolant mammals, herptiles, and birds) to determine whether the number of species on each island was affected by variation in dispersal capability and susceptibility to extinction, as predicted by the equilibrium theory of island biogeography. About 70% of the variation in number of species on islands was accounted for by the area of the islands. Species (S) – area (A) relationships (S = cAz) for birds, herptiles, and nonvolant mammals all differed significantly in slope and intercept (P < 0.05). Intertaxa comparisons revealed that birds exhibited the greatest numbers of species on all sizes of islands and smallest slope (z = 0.32); herptiles exhibited intermediate numbers of species on all sizes of islands and intermediate slope (z = 0.37). Of all taxa, nonvolant mammals exhibited the lowest numbers of species on all sizes of islands and greatest slope (z = 0.42), consistent with the predictions of the theory. These results reinforce earlier suggestions that designs for nature reserves should accommodate intertaxa variation in dispersal ability and susceptibility to extinction.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Theory of island biogeography"

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Turegård, Björn. "Traditional forest reserves and their contribution to conservation biology in Babati District, Tanzania." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Life Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-2644.

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Traditional forest reserves are protected natural forests established by ancestors to perform many socio-cultural functions and are protected in accordance to customary laws, not based on government legislation. These reserves generally have a long history with well preserved forests that could demonstrate what the surrounding environment could have looked liked, if humans had not altered it. Therefore, the traditional forest reserves might have significant ecological value and a potential high biodiversity. During February and March of 2009 a field study with semi-structured interviews and field observations was carried out in Babati District in Manyara Region in Tanzania, to study the possible contribution TFRs might have to conservation. The information collected were then analysed using Metapopulation Theory, Island Biogeography Theory and local knowledge concepts. The analysis indicates that there is a higher biodiversity in TFRs compared to surrounding areas and unprotected forests as a result of a rigid traditional protection that local people respect. Further on the MPT and IBT show how TFRs could benefit conservation as islands of refuge for threatened species or as migration corridors between nearby forest reserves and national parks. The future for TFRs and possible conversion into CBFM must include respect and support for the local beliefs as a basis for protection and thereby conservation.

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Velasquez, Eleanor. "Unique island habitats: A comparison of community assembly in marine and terrestrial contexts." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/124649/2/Eleanor%20Velasquez%20Thesis.pdf.

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This project investigated the fundamental principles of the Theory of Island Biogeography. How biodiversity is influenced by habitat age, size, isolation and quality was studied in two little-known ecosystems; pumice-rafted marine communities that travel through the Pacific Ocean and strand on shorelines, and Queensland's critically endangered Melaleuca irbyana forests. This research found that while habitat age, size and isolation were important for species richness; habitat quality, defined by resource availability and climate, was more influential for predicting biodiversity levels. Small pumice stones and small remnant forests can provide the conditions species need to prosper. Therefore, small and isolated habitats are also important to conserve.
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Wood, Melissa. "A study of fragmented calcareous grasslands to determine optimal management intensity and reserve design, using the application of MacArthur and Wilson's Equilibrium Theory of Island Biogeography, to maintain biodiversity /." Leeds : University of Leeds, 2006. http://0-www.leeds.ac.uk.wam.leeds.ac.uk/library/secure/counter/geogbsc/200506/wood.pdf.

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Shirley, David. "The phytogeography of the Summer Isles, Wester Ross, Scotland : a test of island biogeographic theory and its implications for conservation strategy." Thesis, University of Salford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239989.

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Cazelles, Kévin. "Influence des interactions biotiques sur la répartition gégographique des espèces." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT122.

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Parmi les problèmes les plus fréquemment soulevés en biogéographie, figure celui de l’intégration des interactions écologiques dans les modèles de distribution d’espèces. Bien que la littérature scientifique apporte un ensemble de preuves soulignant le rôle prépondérant des interactions dans la structuration des communautés locales, on trouve relativement peu d’études révélant les empreintes laissées par les interactions dans les données de distribution d’espèces. Proposer une explication simple et claire à ce problème demeure un défi important que la biogéographie doit mener. Le problème majeur que pose l’absence de réponse claire sur le rôle des interactions aux larges échelles spatiales est que la plupart des scénarios de changements de biodiversité partent de l’hypothèse que les interactions sont négligeables. Si cette hypothèse est régulièrement rejetée, alors il faut réviser ces scénarios et soutenir le développement de méthodologies incluant les relations entre les espèces. Je commence cette thèse par un travail théorique sur le sujet car les théories classiques en biogéographie relèguent souvent au second plan les interactions écologiques. Au premier chapitre, je traite de l'intégration des interactions écologiques dans un modèle théorique de distribution d'espèces issue d'une des théories les plus importantes en biogéographie: la théorie de la biogéographie des îles. Ce travail montre comment les effets conjoints des facteurs biotiques et abiotiques changent les attendus de la théorie classique. En m'appuyant sur ce premier chapitre, je montre au second chapitre comment les interactions peuvent se répercuter dans les données de co-occurrence d’espèces. Ces données indiquent la présence ou l’absence de plusieurs espèces sur un même ensemble de sites dispersés sur de larges étendues spatiales. À l’aide d’un modèle probabiliste, j'obtiens des résultats théoriques liant les données de co-occurrence et l’information contenue dans les réseaux écologiques.Je démontre clairement que les interactions affectent les données de co-occurrence. Je montre également que plus le nombre d’interactions séparant deux espèces est grand, moins leur interactions indirect est détectable. De même si une espèce entretient de nombreuses interactions, il sera difficile de trouver une quelconque trace des interactions dans les données de co-occurrence pour cette espèce. Au troisième chapitre, je présente l’analyse de cinq jeux de données de co-occurrence pour lesquels la description des interactions était disponible. Avec ces donnés, j'ai été capable de confirmer les hypothèses du second chapitre en montrant que les espèces qui interagissent co-occurrent différemment de celles n’interagissant pas. Mes résultats indiquent aussi que l’abondance d'interactions est un frein à leur détection dans les données de co-occurrence. Cependant, en intégrant la similarité des facteurs abiotiques pour les différents sites, je montre que les signaux de co-occurrence s’affaiblissent pour parfois disparaitre. Mes résultats suggèrent donc qu’en utilisant des facteurs abiotiques pour inférer les probabilités de co-occurrence,une partie du lien entre les espèces est capturée, mais cette part est entachée d’une grande incertitude. Ceci vient questionner la qualité des prédictions données par les modèles classiques de distribution d'espèces actuellement utilisés. Les résultats de ma recherche apportent des éléments théoriques nouveaux sur le rôle des interactions écologiques dans le tracé des aires de répartition des espèces en plus de proposer une méthode originale pour étudier les données de co-occurrence d’espèces : les regarder à la lumière des réseaux écologiques. Avant de conclure ma thèse, je propose au chapitre 4 une démarche prometteuse pour aller encore améliorer l’intégration des interactions en biogéographie : les introduire par le biais des contraintes énergétiques, ce qui offre une base solide pour une théorie métabolique de la biogéographie
One of the most pressing challenges currently in the field of biogeography is the successful integration of ecological interactions in species distribution models. Although the scientific literature points out the evidence of the controlling role interactions play on local community structure, relatively few studies have demonstrated its importance over large geographical gradients. Developing a concise, clear explanation for this issue remains a significant challenge that biogeographers need to answer. The main issue associated to the lack of a clear answer concerning the role of interactions at broad spatial scales is that most of scenarios of biodiversity changes assume that interactions can be ignored. When tested, if this hypothesis is proven false, then a re-consideration of species distribution models and their development must be undertaken to include relationships among species. I begin this thesis with a theoretical investigation on this topic, where classical theories have typically ignored ecological interactions. In the first chapter of the thesis I present the integration of interaction networks into a theoretical model of species distribution coming from one of the most important theory in biogeography: the theory of island biogeography. This work shows how together the biotic and abiotic factors can affect the expectations derived from the classical theory. Building upon the findings in the first chapter, in the second chapter, I show how interactions can affect co-occurrence (between species) data. Such data contains the presence or absence of several species for a similar set of sites dispersed along large latitudinal gradients. Using a probabilistic model, I obtain theoretical results linking co-occurrence data and the information included in ecological networks. I clearly demonstrate that interactions shape co-occurrence data. Furthermore, I show that the higher the number of links between two species, the more difficult it is to detect their indirect interaction. Similarly, if a species experiences many interactions, it is then challenging to detect any sign of interactions in co-occurrence data for this species.In the third chapter of the thesis, I assess five sets of co-occurrence data, which had descriptions of their interactions available. Using this data, I was able to confirm my hypotheses put forth in my second chapter, by showing that species co-occur differently from non-interacting one. These results also point out that the abundance of interaction must preclude their detection in co-occurrence data. However, when accounting for abiotic similarities among sites, signals of interactions are weakened. Therefore, my results suggest that using abiotic factors to infer co-occurrence probabilities capture a part of the link between species and further pinpoint the uncertainty associated to this part. As a result of these findings, the predictive power of classical species distribution models used to date is brought into question. My research findings bring new theoretical elements to the forefront when considering the influence of ecological interactions and how they shape species geographical distributions, while also introducing an original methodology for studying species co-occurrence: examining them in the light of ecological networks. Before concluding, my fourth and final chapter, I propose a promising new avenue to further investigate integrating species interactions in biogeography. Here, I introduce interactions in terms of energetic constraints, which will provide a sound basis for a metabolic theory of biogeography
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Walker, Kevin R. "Climatic Dependence of Terrestrial Species Assemblage Structure." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23697.

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An important goal of ecological studies is to identify and explain patterns or variation in species assemblages. Ecologists have discovered that global variation in the number of species in an assemblage relates strongly to climate, area, and topographic variability in terrestrial environments. Is the same true for other characteristics of species assemblages? The focus of this thesis is to determine whether species assemblage structure, defined primarily as the body mass frequency distributions and species abundance distributions relate in convergent ways to a set of a few environmental variables across broad spatial scales. First, I found that for mammals and trees most of their geographic variation across North and South America in assemblage structure is statistically related to temperature, precipitation, and habitat heterogeneity (e.g. different vegetation types) in convergent ways. I then examined bird assemblages across islands and continents. Despite the evolutionary and ecological differences between island and continental assemblages, I found that much of the variation in bird assemblage structure depends on temperature, precipitation, land area, and island isolation in congruent patterns in continent and island bird assemblages. Frank Preston modeled species richness based on the total number of individuals and the number of individuals of the rarest species. Building on Preston’s model, Chapter 2 hypothesized that gradients of diversity correlate with gradients in the number of individuals of the rarest species, which in turn are driven by gradients in temperature and precipitation. This hypothesis assumes that species abundance distributions relate to temperature and precipitation in similar ways anywhere in the world. I found that both the number of individuals of the rarest species (m) and the proportion of species represented by a single individual in samples of species assemblages (Φ) were strongly related to climate. Moreover, global variation in species richness was more strongly related to these measures of rarity than to climate. I propose that variation in the shape of the log-normal species abundance distribution is responsible for global gradients of species richness: rare species (reflected in m and Φ) persist better in benign climates. Even though body mass frequency distributions of assemblages show convergent patterns in relation to a set of a few environmental variables, the question remains as to what processes are responsible for creating the geographical variation in the body-size distribution of species. Several mechanisms (e.g. heat conservation and resource availability hypotheses) have been proposed to explain this variation. Chapter 5 tested and found no empirical support for the predictions derived from each of these mechanisms; I showed that species of all sizes occur across the entire temperature gradient. In conclusion, assemblage structure among various taxonomic groups across broad spatial scales relate in similar ways to a set of a few environmental variables, primarily mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. While the exact mechanisms are still unknown, I hypothesize several to explain the patterns of convergent assembly. Résumé Un but important de l'écologie est d'identifier et d'expliquer la variation de premier ordre dans les caractéristiques des assemblages d'espèces. Un des patrons ayant déjà été identifié par les écologistes, c'est que la variation mondiale de la richesse en espèces est liée à la variation du climat, de l'aire et de la topographie. Est-ce que d'autres caractéristiques des assemblages d'espèces peuvent être reliées à ces mêmes variables? Le but de cette thèse est de déterminer si la structure des assemblages d'espèces, ici définie comme la distribution des fréquences de masse corporelle ainsi que la distribution d'abondances des espèces, est reliée de manière convergente à un petit ensemble de variables environnementales, et ce, partout dans le monde. D'abord, j'ai déterminé que, pour les mammifères et les arbres, la majorité de la variation géographique dans la structure des assemblages d'espèces est reliée statistiquement à température, précipitation, et l’hétérogénéité du couvert végétal , et ce, de manière convergente pour l'Amérique du Nord et du Sud. Je me suis ensuite penché sur l'assemblage des oiseaux sur les îles et les continents. Malgré les larges différences évolutives et écologiques qui distinguent les îles des continents, je démontre que la majorité de la variation dans la structure des assemblages d'oiseaux dépend de la température, la précipitation, la superficie et l’isolation de façon congruente sur les îles et les continents. Frank Preston a modélisé la richesse en espèces d'une localité, basée sur le nombre total d'individus ainsi que le nombre d'individus de l’espèce la plus rare. En s'appuyant sur les modèles de Preston, Chapître 3 propose une nouvelle hypothèse voulant que les gradients de diversité dépendent des gradients du nombre d'individus de l’espèce la plus rare. Celle-ci dépend des gradients de température et de précipitation. Cette hypothèse repose sur le postulat que la distribution d’abondances des espèces dépend de la température et la précipitation, et ce, de la même manière n’importe où au monde. J’ai mis en évidence que le nombre d’individus de l’espèce la plus rare (m), ainsi que la proportion d’espèces représentées par un individu unique () dans des échantillons locaux étaient fortement reliés au climat. D’ailleurs, la variation globale de la richesse en espèces était plus fortement reliée à ces indices de rareté qu’au climat. Je propose que la variation dans la forme de la distribution log-normale d’abondances d’individus soit responsable des gradients mondiaux de richesse en espèces. En d’autres mots, les espèces rares (indiquées par m et ) persistent mieux dans des climats bénins. Malgré que la distribution des fréquences de masse corporelle des assemblages d'espèces soit liée de manière convergente à seulement quelques variables environnementales, la question demeure à savoir quels processus sont responsables des gradients géographiques de variation en masse corporelle des espèces. Plusieurs mécanismes ont été proposés pour expliquer cette variation. Dans Chapitre 5, j'ai testé les prédictions dérivées de chacun de ces mécanismes sans trouver de support empirique pour aucun. Je démontre aussi que des espèces de toutes tailles se retrouvent sur le gradient de température en entier. En conclusion, la structure des assemblages d'espèces, pour différents groupes taxonomiques et à travers le monde, est liée de façon similaire à un petit nombre de variables environnementales. Bien que les mécanismes soient encore inconnus, j'en propose plusieurs pouvant expliquer ces patrons d'assemblages convergents.
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Santos, Ana Margarida Coelho dos. "Ecology and biogeography of island parasitoid faunas." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/5759.

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Islands constitute natural laboratories for the study of evolutionary and ecological processes due to their discrete and isolated nature. Island biotas tend to be species–poor and disharmonic compared to the mainland; typically, interspecific competition is low, and entire groups of predators, parasitoids or pathogens are absent from their biotas, so the ecological space is often not fully saturated. Consequently, species from island assemblages often use a wider range of resources than their counterparts from the source mainland. Here, I investigate whether island parasitoid communities have proportionally more generalist species than their source mainland, and which factors determine island community structure. These questions were approached using data on the distribution of Ichneumonoidea (Hymenoptera) species worldwide and with data from a survey conducted in the Macaronesian region. Prior to the global analyses, I assessed whether islands and archipelagos follow the same species–area relationship, and identified which islands have comparable inventories. Globally, islands have proportionally more idiobionts (i.e. generalists) than continental areas. However, there is a latitudinal gradient in the level of generalism of island parasitoid faunas that correlates with some environmental factors and island characteristics; the species pool is the most important determinant of island community structure, together with temperature (for braconids) or biogeographical region (for ichneumonids). Host and parasitoid larvae collected in different islands of the Macaronesian region and adjacent mainland were assigned to Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units using a protocol based on host dissection and DNA barcoding. At this scale, mainland faunas have proportionally more koinobiont species and island communities have a greater proportion of idiobionts. Although overall parasitism rates were similar between islands and mainland, islands had higher idiobiont parasitism rates than expected by chance. In summary, results from this thesis indicate that indeed island parasitoid faunas are biased towards generalist species.
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Diver, Kimberly Christine Bendix Jacob. "Biogeography of island flora in the Georgian Bay, Lake Huron, Ontario." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Jones, Stephen Howard. "The landscape ecology of hedgerows with particular reference to island biogeography." Thesis, University of York, 1992. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2487/.

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Du, Dawei. "Biogeography-Based Optimization: Synergies with Evolutionary Strategies, Immigration Refusal, and Kalman Filters." Cleveland, Ohio : Cleveland State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1251218712.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Cleveland State University, 2009.
Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Sept. 8, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-73). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center and also available in print.
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Books on the topic "Theory of island biogeography"

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Losos, Jonathan B., and Robert E. Ricklefs, eds. The Theory of Island Biogeography Revisited. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400831920.

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Shirley, David. The phytogeography of the Summer Isles, Wester Ross, Scotland: A test of island biogeographic theory and its implications for conservation strategy. Salford: University of Salford, 1986.

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Island biogeography: Ecology, evolution, and conservation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

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Ricker, Robert Wallace. Taxonomy and biogeography of Macquarie Island seaweeds. London: British Museum (Natural History), 1987.

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J, Case Ted, Cody Martin L. 1941-, and Ezcurra Exequiel, eds. A new island biogeography of the Sea of Cortés. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.

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Lambert, Wagner Warren, and Funk V. A. 1947-, eds. Hawaiian biogeography: Evolution on a hot spot archipelago. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1995.

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Biosciences Colloquium (9th 1985 Ohio State University). Biogeography of the island region of western Lake Erie: A laboratory for experiments in ecology and evolution : abstracts, 9th Biosciences Colloquium of the College of Biological Sciences, the Ohio State University, 28-31 May, 1985 in cooperation with Ohio Sea Grant Program ... [et al.]. Columbus, Ohio: College of Biological Sciences, Ohio State University in cooperation with the Ohio Sea Grant Program, 1985.

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Helen, Goodluck, and Rochemont Michael S. 1950-, eds. Island constraints: Theory, acquisition, and processing. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1992.

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Quammen, David. The song of the dodo: Island biogeography in an age of extinctions. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997.

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Quammen, David. The Song of the Dodo: Island Biogeography in an Age of Extinction. New York: Scribner, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Theory of island biogeography"

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Hubbell, Stephen P. "Neutral Theory and the Theory of Island Biogeography." In The Theory of Island Biogeography Revisited, edited by Jonathan B. Losos and Robert E. Ricklefs, 264–92. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400831920.264.

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Lomolino, Mark V., James H. Brown, and Dov F. Sax. "Island Biogeography Theory Reticulations and Reintegration of “a Biogeography of the Species”." In The Theory of Island Biogeography Revisited, edited by Jonathan B. Losos and Robert E. Ricklefs, 13–51. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400831920.13.

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Holt, Robert D. "Toward a Trophic Island Biogeography Reflections on the Interface of Island Biogeography and Food Web Ecology." In The Theory of Island Biogeography Revisited, edited by Jonathan B. Losos and Robert E. Ricklefs, 143–85. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400831920.143.

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Wilson, Edward O. "Island Biogeography in the 1960s Theory and Experiment." In The Theory of Island Biogeography Revisited, edited by Jonathan B. Losos and Robert E. Ricklefs, 1–12. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400831920.1.

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Terborgh, John. "The Trophic Cascade on Islands." In The Theory of Island Biogeography Revisited, edited by Jonathan B. Losos and Robert E. Ricklefs, 116–42. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400831920.116.

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Whittaker, Robert J., Kostas A. Triantis, and Richard J. Ladle. "A General Dynamic Theory of Oceanic Island Biogeography: Extending the MacArthur- Wilson Theory to Accommodate the Rise and Fall of Volcanic Islands." In The Theory of Island Biogeography Revisited, edited by Jonathan B. Losos and Robert E. Ricklefs, 88–115. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400831920.88.

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Grant, Peter R., and B. Rosemary Grant. "Sympatric Speciation, Immigration, and Hybridization in Island Birds." In The Theory of Island Biogeography Revisited, edited by Jonathan B. Losos and Robert E. Ricklefs, 326–57. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400831920.326.

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Hanski, Ilkka. "The Theories of Island Biogeography and Metapopulation Dynamics Science Marches Forward, but the Legacy of Good Ideas Lasts for a Long Time." In The Theory of Island Biogeography Revisited, edited by Jonathan B. Losos and Robert E. Ricklefs, 186–213. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400831920.186.

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Laurance, William F. "Beyond Island Biogeography Theory Understanding Habitat Fragmentation in the Real World." In The Theory of Island Biogeography Revisited, edited by Jonathan B. Losos and Robert E. Ricklefs, 214–36. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400831920.214.

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Simberloff, Daniel, and Michael D. Collins. "Birds of the Solomon Islands The Domain of the Dynamic Equilibrium Theory and Assembly Rules, with Comments on the Taxon Cycle." In The Theory of Island Biogeography Revisited, edited by Jonathan B. Losos and Robert E. Ricklefs, 237–63. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400831920.237.

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Conference papers on the topic "Theory of island biogeography"

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Terry, Irene, William Tang, and Thomas E. Marler. "Pollination Systems of Island Cycads: Predictions Based on Island Biogeography." In CYCAD 2008. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893275150.009.

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Ebert, Samuel, Effat Farhana, and Steffen Heber. "A parallel island model for biogeography-based classification rule mining in julia." In GECCO '18: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3205651.3208262.

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Komarnicki, Marcin, and Michal Przewozniczek. "Linked Genes Migration in Island Models." In 8th International Conference on Evolutionary Computation Theory and Applications. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0006042300300040.

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Banerjee, Pritha, and Susmita Sur-Kolay. "Faster Placer for Island-Style FPGAs." In 2007 International Conference on Computing: Theory and Applications (ICCTA'07). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccta.2007.62.

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Nielsen, Morten Meyerhoff. "Digitising a Small Island State." In ICEGOV '15-16: 9th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2910019.2910042.

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Houlihan, Peter R. "Cross-pollination in the 21st century: Integrating entomologists and botanists to explore the island biogeography and conservation of Caribbean orchids." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.115646.

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Hui Hui, Mingxin Zhao, Wei Zhang, Lin Yu, Ying Sun, and Mingqiang Wang. "Identification of active distribution network island based on graph theory." In 2016 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/appeec.2016.7779792.

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Poli, E., A. Bottino, A. G. Peeters, and O. Sauter. "PIC simulations of microturbulence in the presence of a magnetic island." In THEORY OF FUSION PLASMAS: Joint Varenna-Lausanne International Workshop. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2404577.

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Zimu Yu, Huiqing Guo, and Claude Laguë. "Development of a Livestock Odor Dispersion Model Based on Fluctuating Plume Theory." In 2008 Providence, Rhode Island, June 29 - July 2, 2008. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.25153.

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Ilie, Sorin, and Costin Badica. "A comparison of the island and ACODA approaches for distributing ACO." In 2013 17th International Conference on System Theory, Control and Computing (ICSTCC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icstcc.2013.6689052.

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Reports on the topic "Theory of island biogeography"

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Sprague, Joshua, David Kushner, James Grunden, Jamie McClain, Benjamin Grime, and Cullen Molitor. Channel Islands National Park Kelp Forest Monitoring Program: Annual report 2014. National Park Service, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2293855.

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Channel Islands National Park (CHIS) has conducted long-term ecological monitoring of the kelp forests around San Miguel, Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz, Anacapa and Santa Barbara Islands since 1982. The original permanent transects were established at 16 sites between 1981 and 1986 with the first sampling beginning in 1982, this being the 33rd year of monitoring. An additional site, Miracle Mile, was established at San Miguel Island in 2001 by a commercial fisherman with assistance from the park. Miracle Mile was partially monitored from 2002 to 2004, and then fully monitored (using all KFM protocols) since 2005. In 2005, 16 additional permanent sites were established to collect baseline data from inside and adjacent to four marine reserves that were established in 2003. Sampling results from all 33 sites mentioned above are included in this report. Funding for the Kelp Forest Monitoring Program (KFM) in 2014 was provided by the National Park Service (NPS). The 2014 monitoring efforts utilized 49 days of vessel time to conduct 1,040 dives for a total of 1,059 hours of bottom time. Population dynamics of a select list of 71 “indicator species” (consisting of taxa or categories of algae, fish, and invertebrates) were measured at the 33 permanent sites. In addition, population dynamics were measured for all additional species of fish observed at the sites during the roving diver fish count. Survey techniques follow the CHIS Kelp Forest Monitoring Protocol Handbook (Davis et al. 1997) and an update to the sampling protocol handbook currently being developed (Kushner and Sprague, in progress). The techniques utilize SCUBA and surface-supplied-air to conduct the following monitoring protocols: 1 m2 quadrats, 5 m2 quadrats, band transects, random point contacts, fish transects, roving diver fish counts, video transects, size frequency measurements, and artificial recruitment modules. Hourly temperature data were collected using remote temperature loggers at 32 sites, the exception being Miracle Mile where there is no temperature logger installed. This annual report contains a brief description of each site including any notable observations or anomalies, a summary of methods used, and monitoring results for 2014. All the data collected during 2014 can be found in the appendices and in an Excel workbook on the NPS Integrated Resource Management Applications (IRMA) portal. In the 2013 annual report (Sprague et al. 2020) several changes were made to the appendices. Previously, annual report density and percent cover data tables only included the current year’s data. Now, density and percent cover data are presented in graphical format and include all years of available monitoring data. Roving diver fish count (RDFC), fish size frequency, natural habitat size frequency, and Artificial Recruitment Module (ARM) size frequency data are now stored on IRMA at https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2259651. The temperature data graphs in Appendix L include the same graphs that were used in past reports, but include additional violin plot sections that compare monthly means from the current year to past years. In addition to the changes listed above, the layout of the discussion section was reordered by species instead of by site. The status of kelp forests differed among the five park islands. This is a result of a combination of factors including but not limited to, oceanography, biogeography and associated differences in species abundance and composition, as well as sport and commercial fishing pressure. All 33 permanent sites were established in areas that had or were historically known to have had kelp forests in the past. In 2014, 15 of the 33 sites monitored were characterized as developing kelp forest, kelp forest or mature kelp forest. In addition, three sites were in a state of transition. Two sites were part kelp forest and part dominated by Strongylocentrotus purpuratus...
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Tsai, Frank, Navid Jafari, Ye-Hong Chen, and Jack Cadigan. Three-dimensional underseepage evaluation for Profit Island vicinity levee, north of Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44220.

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This project developed a three-dimensional (3D) seepage model to evaluate efficiency of 84 relief wells and factors of safety (FoS) along the Profit Island vicinity levee (PIVL), north of Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The PIVL model was built based on US Geological Survey MODFLOW-USG. Moreover, a 3D seepage model of RocScience RS3 was also built for a specific study of relief well experiments conducted by the US Army Corps of Engineers in the 1930s and 1940s. The PIVL model was calibrated with measured piezometric head data and relief well flow rates in 1997. Six flood scenarios were conducted: the extreme flood (56 feet), design flood (52.4 feet), 1997 flood (50 feet), 2008 flood (49.22 feet), 2017 flood (45.55 feet), and 2018 flood (49.1 feet). The modeling results show that FoS are all above 1.5 given relief wells at the 1997 design condition. FoS calculated by the blanket theory are more conservative than those by the PIVL model because designed discharge rates were not observed in the field. In comparison with measured flow rates in 2008, the PIVL modeling result indicates potential clogging at many relief wells. New piezometric data and well discharge data are recommended to re-evaluate factors of safety.
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