Academic literature on the topic 'Theory of possible worlds'

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Journal articles on the topic "Theory of possible worlds"

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Francisco J. López Arias. "Possible Worlds." Science Fiction Studies 43, no. 1 (2016): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.5621/sciefictstud.43.1.0171.

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Ronen, Ruth. "Possible Worlds in Literary Theory." Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 53, no. 4 (1995): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/430993.

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Tambling, Jeremy, Ruth Ronen, Karl Heinz Bohrer, and Ruth Crowley. "Possible Worlds in Literary Theory." Modern Language Review 92, no. 1 (January 1997): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3734692.

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Klaver, Elizabeth. "Possible Worlds, Mathematics, and John Mighton's Possible Worlds." Narrative 14, no. 1 (2006): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nar.2005.0027.

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Raghunath, Riyukta. "Possible worlds theory, accessibility relations, and counterfactual historical fiction." Journal of Literary Semantics 51, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jls-2022-2047.

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Abstract Possible Worlds Theory has commonly been invoked to describe fictional worlds and their relationship to the actual world. As an approach to genre, the relationship between fictional worlds and the actual world is also constitutive of specific text types. By drawing on the notion of accessibility relations, different genres can be classified based on the distance between their fictional worlds and the actual world. Maître, Doreen. 1983. Literature and possible worlds. Middlesex: Middlesex University Press for example, in what is considered the first attempt to adapt accessibility relations from logic to literary studies, distinguishes between four text types depending on the extent to which their fictional worlds can be seen as possible, probable, or impossible in the actual world. Developing Maître’s work, Ryan, Marie-Laure. 1991a. Possible worlds and accessibility relations: A semantic typology of fiction. Poetics Today 12. 553–576, c.f. Ryan, Marie-Laure. 1991b. Possible worlds, artificial intelligence, and narrative theory. Bloomington: Indiana University Press) creates a comprehensive taxonomy of accessibility relations that may be perceived between fictional worlds and the actual world. This includes assuming compatibility with the actual world in terms of physical laws, general truths, people, places, and entities. Using her taxonomy, she then offers a typology of 13 genres to show how fictional worlds created by different genres differ from each other. As it stands, Ryan’s typology does not contain the genre of counterfactual historical fiction, but similar genres such as science fiction and historical confabulation are included. In this article, specific examples from counterfactual historical fiction are analysed to show why it is problematic to place these texts within the genres of historical confabulation or science fiction. Furthermore, as I show, Ryan’s typological model also does not account for some of the characteristic features of the genre of counterfactual historical fiction and as such the model cannot account for all texts within the genre. To resolve this issue, I offer modifications to Ryan’s model so it may be used more effectively to define and distinguish the genre of counterfactual historical fiction.
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Lähteenmäki, Ilkka. "Possible Worlds of History." Journal of the Philosophy of History 12, no. 1 (March 22, 2018): 164–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18722636-12341354.

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Abstract The theory of possible worlds has been minimally employed in the field of theory and philosophy of history, even though it has found a place as a tool in other areas of philosophy. Discussion has mostly focused on arguments concerning counterfactual history’s status as either useful or harmful. The theory of possible worlds can, however be used also to analyze historical writing. The concept of textual possible worlds offers an interesting framework to work with for analyzing a historical text’s characteristics and features. However, one of the challenges is that the literary theory’s notion of possible worlds is that they are metaphorical in nature. This in itself is not problematic but while discussing about history, which arguably deals with the real world, the terminology can become muddled. The latest attempt to combine the literary and philosophical notions of possible worlds and apply it to historiography came from Lubomír Doležel in his Possible Worlds of Fiction and History: The Postmodern Stage (2010). I offer some criticism to his usage of possible worlds to separate history and fiction, and argue that when historiography is under discussion a more philosophical notion of possible worlds should be prioritized over the metaphorical interpretation of possible worlds.
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Mancilla, Blanca, and John Plaice. "Possible Worlds Versioning." Mathematics in Computer Science 2, no. 1 (November 2008): 63–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11786-008-0044-8.

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McH., B., and Jerome Bruner. "Actual Minds, Possible Worlds." Poetics Today 8, no. 2 (1987): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1773049.

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Dolezel, Lubomir. "Mimesis and Possible Worlds." Poetics Today 9, no. 3 (1988): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1772728.

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Ryan, Marie-Laure. "Possible Worlds, Artificial Intelligence, and Narrative Theory." Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 51, no. 3 (1993): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/431530.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Theory of possible worlds"

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Badía, Guillermo. "Possible Worlds and Paradoxes." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú - Departamento de Humanidades, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113009.

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Robert Adams' definition of a possible world is paradoxical according to Selmer Bringsjord, Patrick Grim and, more recently, Cristopher Menzel. The proofs given by Bringsjord and Grim relied crucially on the Powerset Axiom; Christoper Menzel showed that, while this continued tobe the case, there was still hope for Adams' definition, but Menzel he undustedan old russellian paradox in order to prove that we could obtain the same paradoxical consequences without appealing to any other set theory than the Axiomof Separation. Nevertheless, Menzel's result only showed that there was no actualworld. In this paper we try to generalize Russell's paradox to arbitrary possible worlds without introducing an irreducible modal component in the discussion.
La definición de un mundo posible” de Robert Adams es paradójica, de acuerdo con Selmer Bringsjord, Patrick Grim y Cristopher Menzel. Las pruebas de Bringsjord y Grim utilizaban el axioma del Conjunto Potencia; Cristopher Menzel objetó que, mientras este fuese el caso, todavía existía esperanza para la definición de Adams, pero Menzel desempolvó una vieja paradoja de Russell para demostrar que podíamos obtener las mismas conclusiones sin apelar a otra teoría de conjuntos que el Axioma de Separación. Sin embargo, el resultado de Menzel mostraba solo que no existía el mundo actual. En este trabajo intentamos generalizar la paradoja de Russell a mundos posibles arbitrarios sin necesidad de introducir conceptos modales en la discusión.
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Raghunath, Riyukta. "Alternative realities : counterfactual historical fiction and possible worlds theory." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2017. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19154/.

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The primary aim of my thesis is to offer a cognitive-narratological methodology with which to analyse counterfactual historical fiction. Counterfactual historical fiction is a genre that creates fictional worlds whose histories run contrary to the history of the actual world. I argue that Possible Worlds Theory is a suitable methodology with which to analyse this type of fiction because it is an ontologically centred theory that can be used to divide the worlds of a text into its various ontological domains and also explain their relation to the actual world. Ryan (1991) offers the most appropriate Possible Worlds framework with which to analyse any fiction. However, in its current form the theory does not sufficiently address the role of readers in its analysis of fiction. Given the close relationship between the actual world and the counterfactual world created by counterfactual historical fiction, I argue that a model to analyse such texts must go beyond categorising the worlds of texts by also theorising what readers do when they read this type of fiction. For this purpose, in my thesis I refine Ryan's Possible Worlds framework so that it can be used to more effectively analyse counterfactual historical fiction. In particular, I introduce an ontological domain which I am calling RK-worlds or reader knowledge worlds to label the domain that readers use to apprehend the counterfactual world presented by the text. I also offer two cognitive concepts – ontolological superimposition and reciprocal feedback – that support a Possible Worlds analysis of counterfactual historical fiction and model how readers process such fiction. In addition, I redefine counterpart theory, transworld identity, and essential properties to appropriately theorise the way readers make the epistemological link between a character and their corresponding actual world individual. The result is a fully fleshed out Possible Worlds model that addresses the reader's role by focusing on how they cognitively interact with the worlds built by counterfactual historical fiction. Finally, to demonstrate my model's dexterity, I apply it to three texts – Robert Harris' Fatherland (1992), Sarban's The Sound of his Horn (1952), and Stephen Fry's Making History (1996). I conclude that the Possible Worlds model that I have developed is rigorous and can be replicated to analyse all fiction in general and counterfactual historical fiction in particular.
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Brason, Eloise. "Embedded Madness: Mad Narrators and Possible Worlds." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-170451.

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Madness has long been a popular theme for literature, featuring as a trope of horror, mystery, tragedy and comedy genres in varying degrees of amplitude. The topic has provided a significant access point for analysing historical, socio-political and cultural issues as it addresses controversial themes of alienation and criminality as well as philosophical theories of perception and consciousness. As a result, studies on the representation of madness in literature have been dominated by historical approaches that focus directly on social, political, philosophical and psychoanalytical interpretive models. Comparatively little has been done to analyse madness in literature from a narratological perspective. It is for this reason that I will conduct a narratological study on the impact of madness on narrative and fictional world structures. I am specifically interested in the way in which madness can be embedded across multiple levels of the narrative and the effect that this has on readers’ imaginative and interpretive processes. Close readings of Chuck Palahniuk’s Fight Club (1996) Bret Easton-Ellis’ American Psycho (1991) and John Banville’s The Book of Evidence (1989) will uncover some of the techniques that are used to embed madness into the textual and imaginative structures of a narrative, and will demonstrate how this works to deceive and challenge the reader. I will demonstrate the need for an expansion of terms within the narratological model that can cope specifically with the theme of madness.
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Dick, Bailey G. "“Is It Not Possible to Be a Radical and a Christian?” Dorothy Day Navigates thePatriarchal Worlds of Journalism and Catholicism." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1526040503387041.

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Laurie, Henri De Guise. "Transferentiality :|bmapping the margins of postmodern fiction / H. de G. Laurie." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9670.

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This thesis starts from the observation that, while it is common for commentators to divide postmodern fiction into two general fields – one experimental and anti-mimetic, the other cautiously mimetic, there remains a fairly significant field of postmodern texts that use largely mimetic approaches but represent worlds that are categorically distinct from actuality. This third group is even more pronounced if popular culture and “commercial” fiction, in particular sf and fantasy, are taken into account. Additionally, the third category has the interesting characteristic that the texts within this group very often generate unusual loyalty among its fans. Based on a renewed investigation of the main genre critics in postmodern fiction, the first chapter suggests a tripartite division of postmodern fiction, into formalist, metamimetic, and transreferetial texts. These are provisionally circumscribed by their reference worlds: formalist fiction attempts to derail its own capacity for presenting a world; metamimetic fiction presents mediated versions of worlds closely reminiscent of actuality; and transreferential fiction sets its narrative in worlds that are experienced as such, but are clearly distinct from actuality. If transreferential fiction deals with alternate worlds, it also very often relies on the reader’s immersion in the fictional world to provide unique, often subversive, fictional experiences. This process can be identified as the exploration of the fictional world, and it is very often guided so as to be experienced as a virtual reality of sorts. If transreferential texts are experienced as interactive in this sense, it is likely that they convey experiences and insights in ways different from either of the other two strands of postmodern fiction. In order to investigate the interactive experience provided by these texts, an extended conceptual and analytical set is proposed, rooted primarily in Ricoeurian hermeutics and possible-worlds theory. These two main theoretical approaches approximately correspond to the temporal and the spatial dimensions of texts, respectively. Much of the power of these texts rooted in the care they take to guide the reader through their fictional worlds and the experiences offered by the narrative, often at the hand of fictioninternal ‘guides’. These theoretical approaches are supplement by sf theoretical research and by Aleid Fokkema’s study of postmodern character. Chapters 3, 4, and 5 apply the theoretical toolset to three paradigmatic transreferential texts: sf New Wave author M John Harrison’s Viriconium sequence; Gibson’s Sprawl trilogy; and Jeff Noon’s Vurt and Pollen, texts that have much in common with cyberpunk but which make much more extensive use of formalist techniques. Each chapter has a slightly different main focus, matching the text in question, respectively: aesthetic parameters and worldcreation strategies of transreferential fiction; close “guidance” of the reader and extrapolation; and virtual reality and identity games. The final chapter presents the findings from the research conducted in the initial study. The findings stem from the central insight that transreferential texts deploy a powerful suit of mimetic strategies to maximise immersion, but simultaneously introduce a variety of interactive strategies. Transreferential fiction balances immersion against interactivity, often by selectively maximising the mimesis of some elements while allowing others to be presented through formalist strategies, which requires a reading mode that is simultaneously immersive and open to challenging propositions. A significant implication of this for critical studies – both literary and sf – is that the Barthesian formalist reading model is insufficient to deal with transreferential texts. Rather, texts like these demand a layered reading approach which facilitates immersion on a first reading and supplements it critically on a second. The final chapter further considers how widely and in what forms the themes and strategies found in the preceding chapters recur in other texts from the proposed transreferential supergenre, including sf, magic realist and limitpostmodernist texts.
Thesis (PhD (English))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Foster, Jonathan. "The Non-World : Inaccessibility and Law in Charles Dickens' Bleak House." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-126573.

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The representation of Chancery court in Charles Dickens’ Bleak House (1852-3) emphasises the inaccessibility of this institution to members of the laity. Dickens’ critique of Chancery chimes with Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological description of law as a formalistic social field defined by practices of exclusion. Dickens’ Chancery is however further inaccessible since it departs from Dickens’ laypeople’s horizons of expectation as a bureaucratic organisation characterised by its structural dispersion and the generation of great quantities of writing. This thesis therefore scrutinises Dickens’ treatment of Chancery in light of media-theoretical and geocritical, as well as sociological, frameworks and perspectives. This essay demonstrates that Dickens’ account of the institution of Chancery as conceptually inaccessible amounts to what I term a non-world heuristic. I contend that Dickens’ take on law anticipates what Fredric Jameson famously theorises as the dizzying “global world system” of late capitalism; the non-world heuristic of Bleak House—which combats disorientation in the social domain of law—may thus be understood as an early example of what Jameson terms an “aesthetic of cognitive mapping.” The non-world heuristic, this thesis proposes, likely has a role to play also in fictional attempts to cognitively map the global world system. I theorise the non-world heuristic in light of the discourse on accessibility in possible-worlds theory and the Kantian sublime, finding that the sublime non-world of Chancery is made accessible as inaccessible and that this dynamic is integral to Dickens’ aesthetic both as a maker of cognitive maps and as a realist novelist.
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Reis, Maurício Duarte Luís. "On theory multiple contraction." Doctoral thesis, Universidade da Madeira, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/255.

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The one which is considered the standard model of theory change was presented in [AGM85] and is known as the AGM model. In particular, that paper introduced the class of partial meet contractions. In subsequent works several alternative constructive models for that same class of functions were presented, e.g.: safe/kernel contractions ([AM85, Han94]), system of spheres-based contractions ([Gro88]) and epistemic entrenchment-based contractions ([G ar88, GM88]). Besides, several generalizations of such model were investigated. In that regard we emphasise the presentation of models which accounted for contractions by sets of sentences rather than only by a single sentence, i.e. multiple contractions. However, until now, only two of the above mentioned models have been generalized in the sense of addressing the case of contractions by sets of sentences: The partial meet multiple contractions were presented in [Han89, FH94], while the kernel multiple contractions were introduced in [FSS03]. In this thesis we propose two new constructive models of multiple contraction functions, namely the system of spheres-based and the epistemic entrenchment-based multiple contractions which generalize the models of system of spheres-based and of epistemic entrenchment-based contractions, respectively, to the case of contractions (of theories) by sets of sentences. Furthermore, analogously to what is the case in what concerns the corresponding classes of contraction functions by one single sentence, those two classes are identical and constitute a subclass of the class of partial meet multiple contractions. Additionally, and as the rst step of the procedure that is here followed to obtain an adequate de nition for the system of spheres-based multiple contractions, we present a possible worlds semantics for the partial meet multiple contractions analogous to the one proposed in [Gro88] for the partial meet contractions (by one single sentence). Finally, we present yet an axiomatic characterization for the new class(es) of multiple contraction functions that are here introduced.
Eduardo Fermé
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Swift, Elizabeth. "The hypertextual experience : digital narratives, spectator, performance." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16025.

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This thesis demonstrates how the dynamics of hypertext fiction can inform an understanding of spectatorial practices provoked by contemporary performance and installation work. It develops the notion of the ‘hypertextual experience’ to encapsulate the particular qualities of active user engagement instigated by the unstable aesthetic environments common to digital and non-digital artworks. The significance and application of this term will be refined through an examination of different works in each of the study’s six chapters. Those discussed are as follows: Performances: Susurrus, by David Leddy; Love Letters Straight from the Heart and Make Better Please, by Uninvited Guests; The Waves, by Katie Mitchell; House/ Lights and Route 1 & 9, by the Wooster Group; Two Undiscovered Amerindians Discover the West, by Coco Fusco and Guillermo Gómez-Peña. Digital works: Afternoon (1987) by Michael Joyce; Victory Garden (1992) by Stuart Moulthrop; TOC by Steve Tomasula; The Princess Murderer by Deena Larsen. Installations: H.G. and Mozart’s House, by Robert Wilson; Listening Post, by Mark Hanson and Ben Rubin. In developing and discussing the hypertextual experience the thesis uses a number of conceptual frameworks and draws on philosophical perspectives and digital theory. A central part of the study employs an adaptation of possible worlds theory that has been recently developed by digital theorists for examining hypertext fiction. I extend this application to installation and performance and explore the implications of framing a spectator’s experience in terms of a hypertextual structure which foregrounds its performative operations and its engagement with machinic processes.
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Eyim, Ahmet. "On The Significannce Of Idealizations In Science." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12605777/index.pdf.

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The aim of this thesis is to investigate the problems that use of idealizations in science leads to. Idealizations are simplifications and therefore false descriptions of how actual objects behave. Presence of idealizations in scientific theories is the reason for the problems in our understanding of confirmation of theories and also of scientific explanations. Nevertheless, idealizations are ubiquitous especially in natural sciences. Scientists have to employ idealizations because of the complexity of the real world and our limited capacity of computation. The roots of the methodology of modern science are in Cartesian philosophy. I propose that Descartes also employed idealizations in his theory of motion in the universe. Idealized worlds can be regarded as simplifications of the real world. Scientific theories are literally false but they are true in the possible worlds which are similar to the real world. Models provide the connections between idealized laws and the real world. Construction of models of the actual world is based upon idealizations which are indispensable in the theoretical sciences. Theories can be indirectly confirmed by models denoting different aspects of the phenomena.
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Zúniga, Elfström Love. "16 sätt att yla : Narratologiska anaylser av Porpentines Howling Dogs och Abigail Corfmans 16 Ways to Kill a Vampire at McDonalds." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för kultur och estetik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-189888.

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I denna uppsats analyseras spelen Howling Dogs och 16 Ways to Kill a Vampire at McDonalds ur ett narratologiskt perspektiv. Huvuddelen av analysen fokuserar på hur hypertextens mediala förhållanden påverkar relationen mellan spelaren och narrativet samt på förhållandet mellan berättare och lyssnarinstans. Analysen baserar sig på metoder med utgångspunkt i possible worlds theory, formulerat av Alice Bell. Uppsatsen exemplifierar hur man går till väga i analys av texter med ett starkt deiktiskt förhållande mellan texten och läsaren. Syftet är att undersöka existerande metoder och att förbättra dem, tillika en, möjligtvis naiv, förhoppning om att komma ett steg närmare ett större litteraturvetenskapligt intresse gällande vad spel kan tillföra litteraturvetenskapen.
This essay contains narratological analyses of the games Howling Dogs and 16 Ways to Kill a Vampire at McDonalds. The analyses are focused on the hypertext’s medial impact on the relations between user and narrative as well as narrator and narratee. The work is based on methods using possible worlds theory, created by theorists such as Alice Bell. A main purpose here is to further exemplify how to analyze texts having a deictic effect between themselves self and their readers. The purpose here is thus to test existing methods and further develop them. This purpose is also motivated by a, possibly naïve, hope of getting one step closer to a wider acknowledgement of how games can contribute to the subject of literature.
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Books on the topic "Theory of possible worlds"

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Possible worlds in literary theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

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Raghunath, Riyukta. Possible Worlds Theory and Counterfactual Historical Fiction. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53452-3.

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Ryan, Marie-Laure. Possible worlds, artificial intelligence, and narrative theory. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991.

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Borzyh, Stanislav. Theory of the possible. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1074108.

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In this book, we are talking about a single principle that permeates every organized entity, regardless of what sphere it belongs to. Everywhere and always, and in accordance with the current circumstances, the process of formation, support and regulation of any complex complexes and ensembles is guided and controlled by the concept of the realizable, which postulates that only what is stable and stable will be realized, and everything else will be discarded as untenable and unbalanced. These patterns and patterns can be traced resolutely at all levels of existence. And the universe, and life, and consciousness, and mind, and culture are arranged and assembled according to these schemes, because it is difficult, if possible, for them to be any other. This paper provides an overview of this type of layout in these areas, as well as the theory of the achievable and accessible itself. Using examples and theoretical considerations, it is shown that the configuration of all reliable and long-lasting structures is approximately the same or very similar, because it obeys a single end-to-end logic of the formation of any similar substances, whatever they touch and wherever they are found. In addition, it is demonstrated that if something in this spirit is objectified in practice, then its nature and properties must be fundamentally the same as what we observe around or extremely close to it. Finally, the view is argued and developed, according to which everything consists of matter, is constituted by it, is reduced only to it, including any non-physical phenomena. It is concluded that all the wealth of the world is subject to the same laws of its construction, and all this construction observes the universal rules of the functioning of complex things, no matter what they are aimed at. For all those interested in philosophy.
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Poiesis and possible worlds: A study in modality and literary theory. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004.

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Sychev, Vasiliy. General cognitive theory. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1819022.

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For its 125th anniversary, the famous magazine "Science" has published a list of the greatest mysteries that modern science has not yet solved. In the second place, the authors of the journal, the best scientists in the world, placed the question of the biological basis of consciousness. The general cognitive theory presented in this monograph provides an answer to this important question, as well as to many other equally important ones. Is it possible to create an artificial intelligence that can realize itself? How do we master the language? How has the culture been preserved for thousands of years? For students and teachers, as well as anyone interested in the problems of the peculiarities of the functioning of the psyche and its formation.
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Girle, Rod. Possible worlds. Montreal, QC: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2003.

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Possible worlds. Chesham, Bucks: Acumen, 2003.

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Porter, Peter. Possible worlds. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.

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Possible worlds. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Theory of possible worlds"

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Veglioni, Simone, and Rocco De Nicola. "Possible worlds process algebras." In CONCUR'98 Concurrency Theory, 179–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0055623.

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Bannet, Eve Tavor. "Factitive Fictions and Possible Worlds." In Postcultural Theory, 113–57. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230373143_5.

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Violette, Nadine. "Other Possible Worlds." In Handbook of Theory and Research in Cultural Studies and Education, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01426-1_60-1.

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Violette, Nadine. "Other Possible Worlds." In Handbook of Theory and Research in Cultural Studies and Education, 143–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56988-8_60.

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Coggins, Geraldine. "Possible Worlds." In Could There Have Been Nothing?, 26–56. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230295247_3.

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Göcke, Benedikt Paul. "Possible Worlds and Individual Essences." In A Theory of the Absolute, 17–36. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137412829_2.

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Bell, Alice. "Theory: Hypertext Fiction and the Significance of Worlds." In The Possible Worlds of Hypertext Fiction, 10–27. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230281288_2.

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Raghunath, Riyukta. "New Additions to Possible Worlds Theory: Reader Knowledge Worlds, Ontological Superimposition, and Reciprocal Feedback." In Possible Worlds Theory and Counterfactual Historical Fiction, 47–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53452-3_3.

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Raghunath, Riyukta. "Redefining Counterpart Theory and Transworld Identity." In Possible Worlds Theory and Counterfactual Historical Fiction, 91–120. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53452-3_4.

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Raghunath, Riyukta. "Multiple Textual Actual Worlds and Contradictions in Making History." In Possible Worlds Theory and Counterfactual Historical Fiction, 181–200. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53452-3_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Theory of possible worlds"

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Lakemeyer, Gerhard, and Hector J. Levesque. "A First-Order Logic of Limited Belief Based on Possible Worlds." In 17th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2020}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2020/62.

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In a recent paper Lakemeyer and Levesque proposed a first-order logic of limited belief to characterize the beliefs of a knowledge base (\KB). Among other things, they show that their model of belief is expressive, eventually complete, and tractable. This means, roughly, that a \KB\ may consist of arbitrary first-order sentences, that any sentence which is logically entailed by the \KB\ is eventually believed, given enough reasoning effort, and that reasoning is tractable under reasonable assumptions. One downside of the proposal is that epistemic states are defined in terms of sets of clauses, possibly containing variables, giving the logic a distinct syntactic flavour compared to the more traditional possible-world semantics found in the literature on epistemic logic. In this paper we show that the same properties as above can be obtained by defining epistemic states as sets of three-valued possible worlds. This way we are able to shed new light on those properties by recasting them using the more familiar notion of truth over possible worlds.
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Williams, David T., and Jery R. Stedinger. "Practical Applications of Risk and Uncertainty Theory in Water Resources: Shortcuts Taken and Their Possible Effects." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41173(414)388.

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Amendola, Giovanni, and Leonid Libkin. "Explainable Certain Answers." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/233.

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When a dataset is not fully specified and can represent many possible worlds, one commonly answers queries by computing certain answers to them. A natural way of defining certainty is to say that an answer is certain if it is consistent with query answers in all possible worlds, and is furthermore the most informative answer with this property. However, the existence and complexity of such answers is not yet well understood even for relational databases. Thus in applications one tends to use different notions, essentially the intersection of query answers in possible worlds. However, justification of such notions has long been questioned. This leads to two problems: are certain answers based on informativeness feasible in applications? and can a clean justification be provided for intersection-based notions? Our goal is to answer both. For the former, we show that such answers may not exist, or be very large, even in simple cases of querying incomplete data. For the latter, we add the concept of explanations to the notion of informativeness: it shows not only that one object is more informative than the other, but also says why this is so. This leads to a modified notion of certainty: explainable certain answers. We present a general framework for reasoning about them, and show that for open and closed world relational databases, they are precisely the common intersection-based notions of certainty.
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Haret, Adrian, and Stefan Woltran. "Belief Revision Operators with Varying Attitudes Towards Initial Beliefs." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/239.

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Classical axiomatizations of belief revision include a postulate stating that if new information is consistent with initial beliefs, then revision amounts to simply adding the new information to the original knowledge base. This postulate assumes a conservative attitude towards initial beliefs, in the sense that an agent faced with the need to revise them will seek to preserve initial beliefs as much as possible. In this work we look at operators that can assume different attitudes towards original beliefs. We provide axiomatizations of these operators by varying the aforementioned postulate and obtain representation results that characterize the new types of operators using preorders on possible worlds. We also present concrete examples for each new type of operator, adapting notions from decision theory.
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Aravanis, Theofanis, Pavlos Peppas, and Mary-Anne Williams. "Observations on Darwiche and Pearl's Approach for Iterated Belief Revision." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/209.

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Notwithstanding the extensive work on iterated belief revision, there is, still, no fully satisfactory solution within the classical AGM paradigm. The seminal work of Darwiche and Pearl (DP approach, for short) remains the most dominant, despite its well-documented shortcomings. In this article, we make further observations on the DP approach. Firstly, we prove that the DP postulates are, in a strong sense, inconsistent with Parikh's relevance-sensitive axiom (P), extending previous initial conflicts. Immediate consequences of this result are that an entire class of intuitive revision operators, which includes Dalal's operator, violates the DP postulates, as well as that the Independence postulate and Spohn's conditionalization are inconsistent with (P). Lastly, we show that the DP postulates allow for more revision polices than the ones that can be captured by identifying belief states with total preorders over possible worlds, a fact implying that a preference ordering (over possible worlds) is an insufficient representation for a belief state.
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Rangel, V. H., S. Uson, A. Valero, and C. Cortes. "Local Exergy Cost Theory." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-61192.

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The Exergy Cost Theory (ECT) is a technique extensively applied to optimizing, diagnosing and designing energy systems. But, despite of its wide applications it has its limitations. Such limitations have to do partly with the application to discrete systems solely and partly with the cost allocation problem. Thus in the present paper we go a step further in the scope of the ECT and propose to enlarge its applicability to continuous systems. Essentially, this is carried through by taking the concept of the exergy cost to a microscopic point of view. To put it another words, the exergy costs are connected to the law of continuum physics so that all phenomenological effects can be taken into account. This new formalism may be called as Local Exergy Cost Theory (LECT). The LECT method departs from the hypothesis that unit exergy costs for distinct exergy fluxes, e.g. heat, work, etc., are given the same cost in absence of external evaluations. From this new approach, it will be possible to model an space-time function of the unit exergy cost, k* ((r), t), besides it will be helpful in providing the rules of cost allocation with physical grounds otherwise to propose new ones. Theoretical aspects of this method are succinctly explained throughout the paper. Most importantly, in order to show the practical bias of the theory a series of proposed examples which are outlined are provided. By and large, results show that the unit exergy cost locally yielded contains a lot of useful information as, for instance, precise pinpointing of the points where exergy is destroyed and what is most importantly, the costs at those points. Lastly, by means of the LECT we can build up exergy cost maps for a particular system.
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Uslu, Kamil, and Mustafa Batuhan Tufaner. "Effects of the Theory of Regulation on Financial Crisis." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01369.

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The role of the financial sector in the financial crisis occurring in the world economy and market failures throughout history, has brought the debate over financial regulation. Systemic risk cases, which plays a major role in the occurrence of the financial crisis, to ensure efficiency and stability of financial markets has revealed the need for regulations. The aim of this study is to evaluate how the impact of the financial crisis on the regulation theory. Financial crisis, leading to market failures, moral hazard problems and rent-seeking activities, economic and social structure has created negative. In this context, the pre-crisis and post-crisis regulatory measures can be taken, it is possible to say that the country would have a positive effect on macroeconomic fundamentals.
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Gherghetta, Tony. "Brane Worlds Theory." In From Strings to LHC. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.040.0006.

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YARMOLENKO, Yuliia. "HAPPINESS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT." In Happiness And Contemporary Society : Conference Proceedings Volume. SPOLOM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/7.2021.63.

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This article is about the relation between the concept of happiness and economic development. Today social values aimed at achieving profit, which causes a negative change in public attitudes due to their continued dominance over such qualities as justice, honesty, trust, love. Eventually, it becomes clear that such an economy has no prospects. As the only possible alternative is "Economics of happiness", in which it will be possible to equitable socio-economic development that will create opportunities to meet both material and spiritual aspects of life. Key worlds: economy of happiness, value, emotional well-being, life satisfaction, subjective economic well-being.
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Wang, Xun, and Mary-Anne Williams. "Risk, Uncertainty and Possible Worlds." In 2011 IEEE Third Int'l Conference on Privacy, Security, Risk and Trust (PASSAT) / 2011 IEEE Third Int'l Conference on Social Computing (SocialCom). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/passat/socialcom.2011.130.

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Reports on the topic "Theory of possible worlds"

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Bacchus, Fahiem. On Probability Distribution Over Possible Worlds. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada250617.

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Nissen, Mark E. Command and Control in Virtual Environments: Using Contingency Theory to Understand Organization in Virtual Worlds. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada530793.

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Loaiza-Lemos, Francisco L., Steven P. Wartik, John P. Thompson, Dale Visser, and Edward Kenschaft. The Best of all Possible Worlds: Applying the Model Driven Architecture Approach to a JC3IEDM OWL Ontology Modeled in UML. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada603102.

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Batyr, A. V., Володимир Миколайович Соловйов, and E. P. Sedov. The Cyclic Surgings as One of the Reasons of the Modern Economical Crisis. Information Systems Management Institute, April 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1130.

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Since the problem of the world economical crisis is gaming importance nowadays, it becomes necessary to reveal its real nature and reasons, in order to act in the most adequate way. The cycle theory is a possible explanation for the current situation in the economy.We have carried out our own investigation, during which the economies of USA, United Kingdom and France in 1961-2007 were compared. The real GDP and unemployment dynamics were taken into consideration. We also paid attention to historical events of the period and Kondratiev’s empiric truths, in order to explain both the most powerful crises and the modern one.
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Freidan, Daniel. Investigation of possible observable e ects in a proposed theory of physics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1233852.

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Afsaruddin, Asma. NEGOTIATING VIRTUE AND REALPOLITIK IN ISLAMIC GOOD GOVERNANCE. IIIT, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47816/01.002.20.

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These words of John Lewis represent a scathing criticism of the contemporary failures of the United States, the oldest and possibly most vibrant democratic nation-state in the world. The words also express a deep disappointment that the principles of equality and justice enshrined in the US constitution have been honored more in the breach when they pertain to African-Americans, many of whose ancestors arrived on these shores long before those of their Euro-American compatriots.
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Siebert, Rudolf J., and Michael R. Ott. Catholicism and the Frankfurt School. Association Inter-University Centre Dubrovnik, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53099/ntkd4301.

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The paper traces the development from the medieval, traditional union, through the modern disunion, toward a possible post-modern reunion of the sacred and the profane. It concentrates on the modern disunion and conflict between the religious and the secular, revelation and enlightenment, faith and autonomous reason in the Western world and beyond. It deals specifically with Christianity and the modern age, particularly liberalism, socialism and fascism of the 2Oth and the 21st centuries. The problematic inclination of Western Catholicism toward fascism, motivated by the fear of and hate against socialism and communism in the 20th century, and toward exclusive, authoritarian, and totalitarian populism and identitarianism in the 21st. century, is analyzed, compared and critiqued. Solutions to the problem are suggested on the basis of the Critical Theory of Religion and Society, derived from the Critical Theory of Society of the Frankfurt School. The critical theory and praxis should help to reconcile the culture wars which are continually produced by the modern antagonism between the religious and the secular, and to prepare the way toward post-modern, alternative Future III - the freedom of All on the basis of the collective appropriation of collective surplus value. Distribution and recognition problems are equally taken seriously.
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Harari, Ally R., Russell A. Jurenka, Ada Rafaeli, and Victoria Soroker. Evolution of resistance to mating disruption in the pink bollworm moth evidence and possible mechanism. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598165.bard.

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t The pink bollworm, Pectinophoragossypiellais a key pest of cotton world-wide. In Israel mating disruption sex pheromone is used in all cotton fields and recent repeated outbreaks of the pest populations has suggested a change in the population sex pheromone characteristics. The research goals were to (1) determine the change in pheromone characteristic of PBW females after long experience to Mating Disruption (MD), (2) to test the male’s antennae response (EAG) to pheromone characteristics of laboratory, naive females, and of field collected, MD experienced females, (3) to analyse the biosynthetic pathway for possible enzyme variations, (4) to determine the male behavioural response to the pheromone blend involved in the resistance to MD. The experiments revealed that (1) MD experienced females produced pheromone blend with higher ZZ ratio than lab reared (MD naive females) that typically produced ZZ:EE ratio of 1:1. (2) Male’s origin did not affect its response to pheromone characteristics of lab or field females. (3) A transcriptome study demonstrated many gene-encode enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway, but some of the transcripts were produced in differing levels in the MD resistant populations. (4) Male origin (field or lab) influenced males’ choice of mate with strong preference to females sharing the same origin. However, when MD was applied, males of both populations were more attracted to females originated form failed MD treated fields. We conclude that in MD failed fields a change in the population mean of the ratio of the pheromone components had occurred. Males in these fields had changed their search “image” accordingly while keeping the wide range of response to all pheromone characteristics. The change in the pheromone blend is due to different level of pheromone related enzyme production.
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Oltarzhevskyi, Dmytro. HISTORICAL FEATURES OF CORPORATE MEDIA FORMATION IN UKRAINE AND IN THE WORLD. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11067.

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The article examines the world and Ukrainian history of corporate periodicals. The main purpose of this study is to reproduce an objective global picture of the emergence and formation of corporate periodicals, taking into account the business and socio-economic context. Accordingly, its tasks are to compare the conditions and features of corporate media genesis in different countries, to determine the main factors of their development, as well as to clarify the transformations of the terminological apparatus. The research is based on mostly foreign secondary scientific works published from 1915 to the present time. The literature was studied using methods such as overview, historical, functional and thematic analysis, description, and generalization. A systematic approach was used to determine the role and place of each element in the system, as well as to comprehensively consider the object in the general historical context and within the current scientific discourse. The method of systematization made it possible to establish internal and external connections, patterns and contradictions in the development of the object of study. The main historical milestones on this path are identified, examples of the first successful corporate publications and their contribution to business development, public relations, and corporate communications are considered. It was found that corporate media emerged in the mid-nineteenth century spontaneously, on the wave of practical business needs in response to industrialization, company increase, staff growth, and consumer market development. Their appearance preceded the formation of the public relations industry and changed the structure of the information space. The scientific significance of this research is that the historical look at the evolution of corporate media provides an understanding of their place, influence, capabilities, and growing communicative role in the digital age.
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Sharp, Matthew. Revisiting digital inclusion: A survey of theory, measurement and recent research. Digital Pathways at Oxford, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-dp-wp_2022/04.

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Focusing on the internet as a foundational technology, this paper begins by summarising recent developments in digital inclusion theory, particularly as this relates to developing countries. It sets out a framework of core components of digital inclusion - including ac-cess/use, quality of access/use, affordability, and digital skills - and briefly considers policy implications. The paper then surveys the ways these components are currently measured in household and firm surveys and by international organisations, highlighting some of the often-overlooked weaknesses of current measures, and suggesting possible improvements. The paper also reflects on potential applications of (and risks associated with) new ways of measuring digital inclusion using big data. Lastly, building on the framework developed, the paper reviews the empirical literature on ‘digital divides’ in developing countries, and makes suggestions for how future research could become more rigorous and useful.
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