Relevant bibliographies by topics / Theory of Relative Deprivation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Theory of Relative Deprivation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Theory of Relative Deprivation"

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Webber, Craig. "Revaluating relative deprivation theory." Theoretical Criminology 11, no. 1 (2007): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362480607072737.

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Kliuchnyk, Ruslan, and Olha Oleynik. "Relative deprivation and political protest." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 5, no. 5 (2020): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2020-5-42-47.

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The article reveals political protest as one of the major factors of political system development in society. In particular, possibilities of methodological synthesis, deprivation theory in terms of political protest development are considered. Deprivation phenomenon's psychological nature is stressed. Distinc-tions between relative deprivation and absolute one are considered. The authors prove the deprivation's influence on mobilization of protest movements providing examples. The relative deprivation's classifica¬tion including progressive, aspirational and decremental deprivation is used. The relative deprivation theory refers to the ideas that frustration and feelings of discontent de¬pend on purposes of a person or a group of people. Relative deprivation feelings emerge when important tagets of people tunr out to be unreal or blocked by political elites or society. As the central concept in the explanation of protest movements relative deprivation is often considered as well as the central concept in when explaining protest movements also it is used to describe and give understanding to the factors that trigger social movements. Protest activity appears from relative deprivation collective feelings. Absolute deprivation is a key factor of protest movements in poor countries, unlike relative deprivation.
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Smith, Heather J., and Thomas F. Pettigrew. "Advances in Relative Deprivation Theory and Research." Social Justice Research 28, no. 1 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11211-014-0231-5.

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Park, Han S., and T. David Mason. "The developmental parameters of relative deprivation theory." Studies in Comparative International Development 21, no. 3 (1986): 85–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02717382.

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Kosaka, Kenji. "A model of relative deprivation." Journal of Mathematical Sociology 12, no. 1 (1986): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0022250x.1986.9990003.

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Stark, Oded. "A Theory of Migration as a Response to Relative Deprivation." German Economic Review 1, no. 2 (2000): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0475.00008.

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Abstract We model migration as a response to relative deprivation. We present a specific configuration of incomes in which the process of migration in response to relative deprivation reaches a steady state. However, for the general configuration of incomes we show that it is impossible to prove the existence of a steady state. We study the social welfare implications of the two cases and show that if individuals are left to pursue their betterment, the resulting state falls short of the best social outcome. We present several implications of the model including federalism and the demand for secession.
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Martini, Massimo. "Deprivazione relativa e identità sociale." DiPAV - QUADERNI, no. 24 (April 2009): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/dipa2009-024010.

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- This work analyzes the relationships between the Relative Deprivation Model and the Social Identity Theory. In the first part, different definitions of the concept of relative deprivation are presented, as well as its different typologies. In the second part, the theoretical and empirical links between the Relative Deprivation Modell and the processes of social identification are examined. Finally, the importance of the relationship between the two theories for the prevision of interindividual and intergroup strategies in social comparison is highlighted.
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Svishcheva, A. N. "Theories of reference group and revolution: general theoretical matrix of relative deprivation." Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science 24, no. 3 (2018): 24–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2018-24-3-24-40.

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The article is an overview of the first stage in the development of relative deprivation theories during the 1940–1970s: theories of reference group and revolution. The concepts of “relative deprivation” and “reference group” appeared in 1949 and 1942, respectively. Further specification of reference group concept statements by H. Hyman, R. Merton, W. Runciman, R. Williams contributed to the formulation of relative deprivation theory. The definition of the forms of reference objects (individual, collective, social category), types of comparisons, essence and functional types of reference groups (comparative, normative, identification, and audience) allowed to describe types of relative deprivation, its essence, content (cognitive and affective), and also it’s levels: individual and group. However, reference group theorists have also identified a lot of problematic issues requiring further scientific development. One such issue, problems of relative deprivation formation, is considered within the framework of the theories of revolution through the analysis of social changes. Within the theories of revolution of the 1960s–1970s two approaches of understanding the essence of relative deprivation have emerged: theories of frustrationaggression (T. Gurr, J. Davies, D. Lerner, I. and R. Feierabends) and status inconsistency (J. Urry, C. Johnson, E. Hoffer). Works of the adherents of the first approach have made it possible to expand the field of relative deprivation study, but also they have become the subject of wide criticism. Focusing on the reference group theory and problems of collective identity research J. Urry’s approach was better integrated into the tradition of relative deprivation studying.
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Martin, James E., Ariel M. Lelchook, and Jenell Lynn-Senter Wittmer. "Acquisition, Unemployment Rate Changes and Attitudes: A Relative Deprivation Theory Study." Academy of Management Proceedings 2018, no. 1 (2018): 12241. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2018.12241abstract.

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de la Sablonnière, Roxane, Émilie Auger, Nazgul Sadykova, and Donald M. Taylor. "When the “We” Impacts How “I” Feel About Myself." European Psychologist 15, no. 4 (2010): 271–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000062.

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Dramatic social change leads to profound societal transformations in many countries around the world. The two recent revolutions in March 2005 and April 2010, and the ethnic conflict in June 2010 in Kyrgyzstan are vivid examples. The present research aims to understand people’s reactions to dramatic social change in terms of personal well-being. To further understand how people react psychologically to dramatic social change, the theoretical framework of our research is based on a dominant theory in social psychology: Collective relative deprivation theory. In the past, researchers have argued that collective relative deprivation is logically associated with collective outcomes, and thus is not likely to impact personal well-being (e.g., Walker & Mann, 1987 ). Others, however, have argued that feelings of collective relative deprivation do impact personal well-being (e.g., Zagefka & Brown, 2005 ). We postulate that these inconsistent results arise because past research has failed to consider multiple points of comparison over time to assess collective relative deprivation. Specifically, we theorize that multiple points of collective relative deprivation need to be taken into account, and in so doing, collective relative deprivation will, indeed, be related to personal well-being. We also explore the entire trajectory of collective relative deprivation (which represents how an individual perceives the evolution of his/her group’s history across time) to predict personal well-being. In the present study, we tested these theoretical propositions in the context of dramatic social change in Kyrgyzstan. Regressions, group-based trajectory modeling, and MANOVA confirm our hypotheses.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Theory of Relative Deprivation"

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Itashiki, Michael Robert. "Explaining “Everyday Crime”: A Test of Anomie and Relative Deprivation Theory." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103334/.

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Every day, individuals commit acts which are considered immoral, unethical, even criminal, often to gain material advantage. Many people consider cheating on taxes, cheating on tests, claiming false benefits, or avoiding transport fare to be wrong, but they do them anyway. While some of these acts may not be formally illegal, they are, at best, considered morally dubious and is labeled “everyday crime.” Anomie theory holds that individuals make decisions based on socialized values, which separately may be contradictory but together, balances each other out, producing behavior considered “normal” by society. When one holds an imbalanced set of values, decisions made on that set may produce deviant behavior, such as everyday crime. RD theory holds that individuals who perceive their own deprivation, relative to someone else, will feel frustration and injustice, and may attempt to ameliorate that feeling with deviant behavior. Data from the 2006 World Values Survey were analyzed using logistic regression, testing both constructs concurrently. An individual was 1.55 times more likely to justify everyday crime for each calculated unit of anomie; and 1.10 times more likely for each calculated unit of RD. It was concluded from this study that anomie and relative deprivation were both associated with the tendency towards everyday crime.
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Horne, Adrienne. "The Effect of Relative Deprivation on Delinquency: An Assessment of Juveniles." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3667.

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This study examines the impact of relative deprivation on juvenile delinquency. Though this topic has been explored by several researchers, there has not been much consistency in the research due to the operationalization of key variables. Traditionally, relative deprivation has been referenced in relation to Merton's Classic Strain Theory, using economic indicators to measure relative deprivation. Webber and Runciman however, expanded upon Merton's original premise and integrated more diverse measures of relative deprivation into their research. The current study utilizes Agnew's General Strain Theory (GST) as a means to measure relative deprivation as a broader and more subjective topic. This unique approach in the study of relative deprivation utilizes aspirations as a primary measure of relative deprivation.<br>M.A.<br>Department of Sociology<br>Sciences<br>Applied Sociology MA
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Lopez, Rachel. "Migrant-Funded Development: The Influence of Mexican Hometown Associations on Development Indicators." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77015.

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This thesis examines development as a catalyst for the decision to migrate. Specifically, the two complementary theories of relative deprivation and social networks are examined to explore possible associations between level of household development and migrants' designation of savings or remittances towards development-related purposes and whether remittances are positively affected by migrants' participation in a hometown association (HTA). The study relied on data from the Mexican Migration Project (MMP), using the historical Mexican sending state of Jalisco. The MMP, using an ethnosurvey method, gathers data on individual migrant experiences, including border-crossing methods, jobs held, and participation in migrant hometown associations, amenities found in individual households, and available services in communities. No support was found for the first hypothesis, which predicted that relative deprivation was a catalyst of migration. Support was found for the second hypothesis, that migrant participation in HTAs, specifically in social clubs, positively influenced designation of savings or remittances for development-related purposes. This same support was not the case for migrant involvement in sport clubs. This thesis contributes to social network theory, pinpointing the positive effect that migrant participation in hometown associations has on designating money towards development.<br>Master of Arts
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Svensson, Ludvig, and Erik Gerhardsson. "“…we don’t have our voice, our opinions, our decisions and all this needs to change…” : A qualitative study of Palestinian relative deprivation, participation in social movements and the perception of Israeli settlements and its settlers by Palestinian university students." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Jönköping University, HLK, Globala studier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49437.

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The State of Israel’s control of the West Bank and their creation of settlements has led to feelings of frustration amongst the Palestinian population. The significance of the next generation in a conflict that has been ongoing for generations becomes crucial when aiming for peace, as the youth of today will be the adults of tomorrow. Therefore, this study researches how Palestinian university students perceives the Israeli settlements as well as examining whether if the Relative Deprivation Theory can explain these potential perceptions and the possible willingness amongst Palestinian students to participate in social movements. The methodology is based on qualitative semi-structured interviews with ten Palestinian students from Bethlehem University, which then has been analysed. The results of this study indicate that the respondents feel deprived of seven different themes, namely (1) Demolition, (2) Economy, (3) Freedom of Movement, (4) Freedom of Speech, (5) Permits, (6) Resources and (7) Services. Furthermore, the result shows that nine out of ten respondents are, or have been, participating in activities to achieve social change. In addition to feeling deprived of the seven different themes, all the respondents also felt frustration and/or negative feelings towards the existence of Israeli settlements. The analysis focuses on how the respondents partake in social movements as well as what their opinions about the resistance activities are. It became clear that all the respondents feel, or have felt, a willingness to participate in activities to achieve social change. However, the respondents use different forms of activities, such as protesting in the streets, demonstrating, and/or raising awareness, but there is an overarching social movement which focuses on “the Palestinian cause”. Finally, this study supports the idea of Relative Deprivation Theory, as the willingness to partake in social movements seems to be high amongst the respondents due to them being deprived of essential services and resources.
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Lameck, Marylin K. "Citizens Experience of Inequitable Distributive Justice in Mineral Resource Revenues in Tanzania: A phenomenological Inquiry." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/94.

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Tanzania’s natural resources are national resources for the benefit of all Tanzanian citizens (The Arusha Declaration, 1967). The liberalization of the Mining Industry in the mid-1990s sparked hope in the country that the socio-economic status of all citizens across the nation would improve as a result of the mineral resource revenues obtained by the Government of Tanzania. Contemporary literature on mining in Tanzania has mostly riveted on issues surrounding a triangular relationship between the mining girdle and its population, foreign mining companies, and the Government of Tanzania. Hardly any attention has been given to the non-mining rural districts where the poor majority reside. This qualitative study using a phenomenological approach explored the shared experiences of citizens living in non-mining rural districts and their ascribed meanings of inequitable distributive realities in mineral resource revenues in Tanzania. The study employed the theories of relative deprivation and human needs for the theoretical framework. Study findings revealed seven core essences: socio-economic insecurity, inequity and injustice, communication and trust, investment and technology, moral leadership and human capital, growth and a culture of dependency. Understanding these essences should help determine policies and practices that promote equitable distribution of not only mineral resource wealth but also in other types of natural resource wealth found in the country; allowing for a true/win-win tri-partnership relationship involving all stake-holders: Tanzanian citizens, foreign investors, and the Government of Tanzania.
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Raheemson, Farouk A. "Corruption and Conflict: A Phenomenological Study of the Experiences of Nigerian Citizens." NSUWorks, 2016. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/46.

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This qualitative phenomenological study was designed to gain an in-depth understanding of the lived experiences of Nigerian citizens on corruption and conflict. A review of the literature found a gap in the understanding of the lived experiences of participants on corruption and conflict in Nigeria, and this study was designed to fill that gap. Using a purposeful sampling method, the investigator targeted 20 Nigerian citizens who have experienced corruption and conflict. The phenomenological method provided the basis for a reflective structural analysis that exposes the meanings and essences of the lived experiences of the participants on corruption and conflict in Nigeria. Participant interviews showed that many Nigerians encounter bribery on a daily basis because of the following reasons: they were encouraged by a perceived culture of greed, a culture of impunity, a culture of impropriety and a culture of no accountability. All of the participants indicated the need to survive the harsh realities of living in Nigeria. The study revealed a broad variety of corruption and conflict situations in Nigeria. This dissertation adds value and richness to existing body of knowledge, which suggested to policy makers, advocates and civil society of the need to develop policies and strategies to stem corruption as part of a wider strategy for resolving the negative conflicts that currently characterize the socio-political and economic landscape of Nigeria. Overall, as part of the major contributions and objectives, this dissertation illuminated the psychological impacts of corruption and conflict in Nigeria. In other words, this research bridged the gap between the social structural understandings and impacts of corruption and the personal component.
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Dyke, Heather. "Perceptions of Access to the Internet for the Blind: Psycho-Social Impacts." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37620.

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Presented through the lens of the Theory of Relative Deprivation (Tajfel & Turner, 1986), this thesis aims to establish and quantify the link between inaccessibility in online contexts for people with low-vision or blindness, and the psychosocial impacts that may be associated with this inaccessibility. As there is existing research on this topic with elderly participants (Lagacé, Charmarkeh, Zaky, & Firzly, 2016), the focus for this research was working-aged people. The following research questions were addressed: 1) Does perceived lack of internet accessibility lead to perceptions of unfairness among low-vision or blind individuals? 2) In turn, do perceptions of unfairness negatively impact their level of self-esteem, and civic engagement? The hypothesized results were modeled as lower levels of perceived access lead to lower levels of perceived fairness, which in turn, lower the levels of civic engagement and self- esteem. Using a sample of 69 participants between the ages of 21-65, a self-report questionnaire was administered. It was found that perceived fairness was correlated on three of four scale items with self-esteem levels; the perception of fairness was not correlated with civic engagement; civic engagement and self-esteem were significantly correlated; and perceived access was correlated with levels of self-esteem.
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Skogström, Lisa, and Madeleine Magnusson. "“We’re not living in America, but we’re not sorry!” : A study of television consumption and relative deprivation among Kenyan students in an urban and a rural area." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Communication and IT, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-5424.

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<p>The United States of America is one of the most powerful countries in the world and their broadcasting system has become a role model to the rest of the world. Since the US charge less for their media products in third world countries, it is cheaper even for poor countries to import American content than to purchase local products. The aim with our survey is to explore whether heavy consumers of American television programs in Kenya hold positive attitudes to the American lifestyle and experience feelings of relative deprivation as a result of this consumption. Comparisons are made between students in an urban and a rural area.</p><p>The theoretical framework for this study includes cultivation theory which investigates the effects of the values and behaviors of the television audience. It also includes relative deprivation, which is based on the assumption that people experience deprivation when they compare themselves with others – so called reference groups. In our case the reference group is the American lifestyle. A third theory used for this study is cultural imperialism which says that dominating, mainly western media corporations impose their cultural values on third world countries, as in this case, Kenya.</p><p>In this study we are using a quantitative survey based on questionnaires handed out to Kenyan students at two different universities, one in a rural and one in an urban part of Kenya.</p><p>Television is an important part of everyday life for Kenyan students and they consume more than we had predicted. We concluded that the respondents in our study generally have negative attitudes to their life and their country, but a more positive impression of life in the US. Relating these findings to the television consumption of the respondents, the students that watch American programs the most are students at the university in the urban area, and they are more positively disposed to Kenya, but more negative to the US, compared to the Egerton students in the rural area that generally do not favor American programs. These results do not support the theories chosen for this study. Based on our results, our conclusion is that the attitudes held by the USIU students do not originate from television consumption, but do most likely depend on other influences.</p>
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Nilsson, Julia. "The perceptions of young South Africans to the land reform : -A qualitative study of young people in Stellenbosch." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-80262.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the opinions of the land reform by the young population in Stellenbosch, South Africa. So far, the land reform that was implemented already in 1994, has not proven to be effective on the country’s huge inequality of land ownership between the black and white population. The white minority still own the majority of the land, due to historical injustices that developed through colonisation of South Africa and during the apartheid rule.  Since 2014, the discussions of the land reform have got more attention, both nationally and internationally, due to a new policy proposal called land expropriation without compensation. The objective of the thesis were therefore to gain an understanding on the perception of the land reform by both black and white people. To accomplish this, semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with seven people from black ethnicities and seven people from white ethnicities. The interviews were outlined to analyse how grievance would be affected by the land reform, as well as if the respondents answers differed due to homogeneous characteristics. The main results from this research was that there were no indication on that the level of relative deprivation would be affected by the land reform. Although, the majority of the respondents stressed the importance of the land reform to be given the right support and attention by the government in order to be successful. This could in turn be seen as problematic whereas most of them did not express much trust for the government. In addition, the perception by the land reform could generally not be interconnected to a certain background characteristics. The answers to both of the research questions could be explained by the uncertainty about the implementation of the land reform.
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Toizer, Barbara. "Perceived Essentialism, Group Relative Deprivation, and Collective Action." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1486743133258512.

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Books on the topic "Theory of Relative Deprivation"

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Stark, Oded. Relative deprivation and migration: Theory, evidence, and policy implications. Population and Human Resources Dept., 1991.

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Robson, B. T. Relative deprivation in Northern Ireland. Policy, Planning and Research Unit, Department of Finance and Personnel, 1994.

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Ravallion, Martin. Who cares about relative deprivation ? World Bank, 2005.

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1953-, Olson James M., Herman C. Peter 1946-, and Zanna Mark P, eds. Relative deprivation and social comparison. L. Erlbaum Associates, 1986.

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Deaton, Angus. Relative deprivation, inequality, and mortality. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001.

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Statistics Canada. Analytical Studies Branch., ed. Neighbourhood inequality, relative deprivation and self-perceived health status. Analytical Studies Branch, Statistics Canada, 2004.

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D'Ambrosio, Conchita. Subjective well-being and relative deprivation: An empirical link. IZA, 2004.

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Willis, Michael Anthony. Relative deprivation and political conflict: A Northern Irish case study. The Author], 1991.

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Jumarie, Guy. Relative Information: Theories and Applications. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990.

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Relative invariants of sheaves. M. Dekker, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Theory of Relative Deprivation"

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Schulze, Michaela, and Rabea Krätschmer-Hahn. "Relative Deprivation Theory." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research. Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_2457.

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Moghaddam, Fathali M. "Subjective justice: From equity theory to relative deprivation theory." In Multiculturalism and intergroup relations: Psychological implications for democracy in global context. American Psychological Association, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/11682-006.

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Saleh, Alam. "Relative Deprivation Theory and Political Violence in Iran." In Ethnic Identity and the State in Iran. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137310873_6.

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Ben Hagai, Ella, and Faye J. Crosby. "Between Relative Deprivation and Entitlement: An Historical Analysis of the Battle for Same-Sex Marriage in the United States." In Handbook of Social Justice Theory and Research. Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3216-0_26.

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Nafziger, E. Wayne, and Juha Auvinen. "Inequality, Exclusivity, and Relative Deprivation." In Economic Development, Inequality and War. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403943767_4.

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Chakravarty, Satya R. "The Measurement of Relative Deprivation." In Ethical Social Index Numbers. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75502-6_5.

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Kessler, Thomas, Amélie Mummendey, and Andreas Klink. "Soziale Identität und relative Deprivation." In Gerechtigkeitserleben im wiedervereinigten Deutschland. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-95080-2_9.

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Kakwani, Nanak, and Hyun Hwa Son. "Relative Deprivation and Social Groups." In Social Welfare Functions and Development. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58325-3_4.

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Li, Jack. "The Deprivation Theory." In Philosophy and Medicine. Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9868-2_4.

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Ejrnæs, Anders. "Relative deprivation and subjective social position." In Routledge International Handbook of Poverty. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429058103-7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Theory of Relative Deprivation"

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Ma, Lu, and Yuanbiao Zhang. "Evaluate House Price with Relative Deprivation Theory." In 2011 International Conference on Computational and Information Sciences (ICCIS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccis.2011.144.

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Lu, Ma, and Hu Kang Kang. "Simulating the Effect of Economic Inequality on Society with Relative Deprivation Theory." In 2011 International Conference on Computational and Information Sciences (ICCIS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccis.2011.253.

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Du, Yifeng. "Research on Community Participation in Zhuhai Airshow Based on the Theory of Relative Deprivation." In 3rd International Conference on Judicial, Administrative and Humanitarian Problems of State Structures and Economic Subjects (JAHP 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jahp-18.2018.97.

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Guseynov, Aleksandr, and Viktoriya Shipovskaya. "Development of scientific images about radicalization of protest activity of personality." In Safety psychology and psychological safety: problems of interaction between theorists and practitioners. «Publishing company «World of science», LLC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15862/53mnnpk20-02.

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The analysis of theories and models of radicalization existing in psychology and sociology is given. The complexity and transitivity of the world, the emerging methodological trends in psychology, the change of postmodern discourse to metamodernism require new psychological approaches to a research of this phenomenon, which can take into account the role of cultural factors and anthropological turn, as well as space and time as ontological constants of reality. Theoretical: theoretical and methodological analysis of scientific literature, comparison, generalization, interpretation. The paper summarizes a number of empirical studies of the authors related to the problems of extremism. The goal is to consider the evolution of ideas about the radicalization of protest activity and substantiate the high relevance of the subject-being approach to explain the problem of extremism. The authors distinguish six main theories and models that reveal the nature of radicalization: the theory of anomy (R. Merton), the theory of "relative deprivation" (T. Garr), the concept of an authoritarian personality (A. Adorno), a model of social identity in collective activity (M. Van Zomeren ), the model of radicalization (R. Borum), the model of radicalization (F. Mohaddam). The authors note the demand for a metamodern methodological strategy, which makes it possible to record personal transformations and construct new images of a person. The authors come to the conclusion that the substantive differences in approaches lie in the influence quantity of external determinants causing the emergence of radical attitudes. In the development of the theme of extremism, the main ones are the principle of the unity of the personality and its being, the methodological principle of subjectivity and the principle of uncertainty, which reveal additional nuances of the phenomenon that increases cognitive capabilities. The conditions of the subject-being approach are considered and the concept of protest activity is presented, based on the notions of "existential personal identity", "subjective activity", "subjectivity", revealing the reasons for negative transformation of personality, considering extremism as a violation of the developing configuration of identity. The subject-being approach to the personality is recognized as the most efficient theoretical and methodological basis for researching this problem, since it allows us to overcome the deficiency of the content given by the deterministic interpretation of radicalization.
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Mohbeddin, Abeer, Nawar Haj Ahmed, and Layla Kamareddine. "The use of Drosophila Melanogaster as a Model Organism to study the effect of Innate Immunity on Metabolism." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0224.

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Apart from its traditional role in disease control, recent body of evidence has implicated a role of the immune system in regulating metabolic homeostasis. Owing to the importance of this “immune-metabolic alignment” in dictating a state of health or disease, a proper mechanistic understanding of this alignment is crucial in opening up for promising therapeutic approaches against a broad range of chronic, metabolic, and inflammatory disorders like obesity, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel syndrome. In this project, we addressed the role of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) innate immune pathway in regulating different metabolic parameters using the Drosophila melanogaster (DM) fruit fly model organism. Mutant JAK/STAT pathway flies with a systemic knockdown of either Domeless (Dome) [domeG0282], the receptor that activates JAK/STAT signaling, or the signal-transducer and activator of transcription protein at 92E (Stat92E) [stat92EEY10528], were used. The results of the study revealed that blocking JAK/STAT signaling alters the metabolic profile of mutant flies. Both domeG0282 and stat92EEY10528 mutants had an increase in body weight, lipid deprivation from their fat body (lipid storage organ in flies), irregular accumulation of lipid droplets in the gut, systemic elevation of glucose and triglyceride levels, and differential down-regulation in the relative gene expression of different peptide hormones (Tachykinin, Allatostatin C, and Diuretic hormone 31) known to regulate metabolic homeostasis in flies. Because the JAK/STAT pathway is evolutionary conserved between invertebrates and vertebrates, our potential findings in the fruit fly serves as a platform for further immune-metabolic translational studies in more complex mammalian systems including humans.
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Fernández-Durán, Juan José. "Relative Entropy Credibility Theory." In BAYESIAN INFERENCE AND MAXIMUM ENTROPY METHODS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING: 24th International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1835198.

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Shore, John E. "Theory of minimum relative entropy." In 1985 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts. SEG, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1892779.

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Orlitsky, Alon, Narayana Santhanam, and Junan Zhang. "Relative redundancy for large alphabets." In 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit.2006.262138.

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Verdu, Sergio. "Mismatched estimation and relative entropy." In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory - ISIT. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit.2009.5205651.

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Das, Hirakendu, Alon Orlitsky, Narayan Prasad Santhanam, and Junan Zhang. "Further results on relative redundancy." In 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory - ISIT. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit.2008.4595327.

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Reports on the topic "Theory of Relative Deprivation"

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Nolan, Brian, Brenda Gannon, Richard Layte, Dorothy Watson, Christopher T. Whelan, and James Williams. Monitoring Poverty Trends in Ireland: Results from the 2000 Living in Ireland survey. ESRI, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/prs45.

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This study is the latest in a series monitoring the evolution of poverty, based on data gathered by The ESRI in the Living in Ireland Surveys since 1994. These have allowed progress towards achieving the targets set out in the National Anti Poverty Strategy since 1997 to be assessed. The present study provides an updated picture using results from the 2000 round of the Living in Ireland survey. The numbers interviewed in the 2000 Living in Ireland survey were enhanced substantially, to compensate for attrition in the panel survey since it commenced in 1994. Individual interviews were conducted with 8,056 respondents. Relative income poverty lines do not on their own provide a satisfactory measure of exclusion due to lack of resources, but do nonetheless produce important key indicators of medium to long-term background trends. The numbers falling below relative income poverty lines were most often higher in 2000 than in 1997 or 1994. The income gap for those falling below these thresholds also increased. By contrast, the percentage of persons falling below income lines indexed only to prices (rather than average income) since 1994 or 1997 fell sharply, reflecting the pronounced real income growth throughout the distribution between then and 2000. This contrast points to the fundamental factors at work over this highly unusual period: unemployment fell very sharply and substantial real income growth was seen throughout the distribution, including social welfare payments, but these lagged behind income from work and property so social welfare recipients were more likely to fall below thresholds linked to average income. The study shows an increasing probability of falling below key relative income thresholds for single person households, those affected by illness or disability, and for those who are aged 65 or over - many of whom rely on social welfare support. Those in households where the reference person is unemployed still face a relatively high risk of falling below the income thresholds but continue to decline as a proportion of all those below the lines. Women face a higher risk of falling below those lines than men, but this gap was marked among the elderly. The study shows a marked decline in deprivation levels across different household types. As a result consistent poverty, that is the numbers both below relative income poverty lines and experiencing basic deprivation, also declined sharply. Those living in households comprising one adult with children continue to face a particularly high risk of consistent poverty, followed by those in families with two adults and four or more children. The percentage of adults in households below 70 per cent of median income and experiencing basic deprivation was seen to have fallen from 9 per cent in 1997 to about 4 per cent, while the percentage of children in such households fell from 15 per cent to 8 per cent. Women aged 65 or over faced a significantly higher risk of consistent poverty than men of that age. Up to 2000, the set of eight basic deprivation items included in the measure of consistent poverty were unchanged, so it was important to assess whether they were still capturing what would be widely seen as generalised deprivation. Factor analysis suggested that the structuring of deprivation items into the different dimensions has remained remarkably stable over time. Combining low income with the original set of basic deprivation indicators did still appear to identify a set of households experiencing generalised deprivation as a result of prolonged constraints in terms of command over resources, and distinguished from those experiencing other types of deprivation. However, on its own this does not tell the whole story - like purely relative income measures - nor does it necessarily remain the most appropriate set of indicators looking forward. Finally, it is argued that it would now be appropriate to expand the range of monitoring tools to include alternative poverty measures incorporating income and deprivation. Levels of deprivation for some of the items included in the original basic set were so low by 2000 that further progress will be difficult to capture empirically. This represents a remarkable achievement in a short space of time, but poverty is invariably reconstituted in terms of new and emerging social needs in a context of higher societal living standards and expectations. An alternative set of basic deprivation indicators and measure of consistent poverty is presented, which would be more likely to capture key trends over the next number of years. This has implications for the approach adopted in monitoring the National Anti-Poverty Strategy. Monitoring over the period to 2007 should take a broader focus than the consistent poverty measure as constructed to date, with attention also paid to both relative income and to consistent poverty with the amended set of indicators identified here.
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Deaton, Angus. Relative Deprivation, Inequality, and Mortality. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8099.

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Katz, R. (Theory of relative biological effectiveness). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5111958.

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Kaplan, Greg, Guido Menzio, Leena Rudanko, and Nicholas Trachter. Relative Price Dispersion: Evidence and Theory. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21931.

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Li, Ren-Cang. Relative Perturbation Theory: (I) Eigenvalue Variations. Defense Technical Information Center, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada636847.

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Li, Ren-Cang. Relative Perturbation Theory: (II) Eigenspace Variations. Defense Technical Information Center, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada636848.

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Does relative deprivation condition the effects of social protection programs on political attitudes? Experimental evidence from Pakistan. International Food Policy Research Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133270.

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Aggarwal, Rajesh, and Andrew Samwick. Executive Compensation, Strategic Competition, and Relative Performance Evaluation: Theory and Evidence. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5648.

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Katz, R. [Theory of relative biological effectiveness]. Annual technical progress report, 1 January 1992--31 December 1992. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10153978.

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Manninen, Terhikki, and Pauline Stenberg. Influence of forest floor vegetation on the total forest reflectance and its implications for LAI estimation using vegetation indices. Finnish Meteorological Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361379.

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Recently a simple analytic canopy bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) model based on the spectral invariants theory was presented. The model takes into account that the recollision probability in the forest canopy is different for the first scattering than the later ones. Here this model is extended to include the forest floor contribution to the total forest BRF. The effect of the understory vegetation on the total forest BRF as well as on the simple ratio (SR) and the normalized difference (NDVI) vegetation indices is demonstrated for typical cases of boreal forest. The relative contribution of the forest floor to the total BRF was up to 69 % in the red wavelength range and up to 54 % in the NIR wavelength range. Values of SR and NDVI for the forest and the canopy differed within 10 % and 30 % in red and within 1 % and 10 % in the NIR wavelength range. The relative variation of the BRF with the azimuth and view zenith angles was not very sensitive to the forest floor vegetation. Hence, linear correlation of the modelled total BRF and the Ross-thick kernel was strong for dense forests (R2 &gt; 0.9). The agreement between modelled BRF and satellite-based reflectance values was good when measured LAI, clumping index and leaf single scattering albedo values for a boreal forest were used as input to the model.
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