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1
Hossain, Md Tofazzal, and Md Obydul Hoq. "Therapeutic use of Adhatoda vasica." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 2, no. 2 (August 9, 2016): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v2i2.29005.
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Adhatoda vasica Nees belonging to family Acanthaceae, commonly known as Adosa, is found many regions of India and throughout the world, with a multitude of uses in traditional Unani and Ayurvedic systems of medicine. It is also called Vasaka. It is a well-known herb in indigenous systems of medicine for its beneficial effects, particularly in bronchitis. Vasaka leaves, bark, the root bark, the fruit and flowers are useful in the removal of intestinal parasites. Vasaka herb is used for treating cold, cough, chronic bronchitis and asthma. In acute stages of bronchitis, vasaka gives unfailing relief, especially where the sputum is thick and sticky. It liquefies the sputum so that it is brought up more easily. For relief in asthma, the dried leaves should be smoked. The juice from its leaves should be given in doses of 2 to 4 grams in treating diarrhea and dysentery. A poultice of its leaves can be applied with beneficial results over fresh wounds, rheumatic joints and inflammatory swellings. A warm decoction of its leaves is useful in treating scabies and other skin diseases. In olden times its leaves were made into a decoction with pepper and dried ginger. But the modern medicine searched its active ingredients and found out that vasicine, oxyvascicine and vasicinone are the alkaloids present in vasaka and in which vasicine is the active ingradient for expelling sputum from the body.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2016, 2(2): 156-163
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Duranceau, Julien, and Michael Mayette. "Use of Cold Fluids in Postcardiac Arrest Therapeutic Hypothermia: A Safety Analysis." Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management 8, no. 4 (December 2018): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ther.2017.0052.
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Azevedo, Fernanda Reis de, and Bruno Caramelli. "Hypovitaminosis D and Obesity—Coincidence or Consequence?" US Endocrinology 09, no. 01 (2013): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2013.09.01.40.
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Vitamin D has attracted much scientific interest in recent years, mostly due to its newly described roles in metabolism regulation and cell proliferation. Along with hypovitaminosis D, the incidence of obesity has risen and has become a public health concern. The association between these two conditions is not merely coincidence and is being deeply investigated regarding its prevalence, mechanism, and even a possible causal relation. The data are still inconclusive but there is important evidence indicating that vitamin D is involved with fat accumulation, the responsible mechanism however still the principal question. The three main hypotheses are: adipose tissue sequestration, genetic modulation, such as polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), or an organism evolutionary adaptation to cold weather. In conclusion, more evidence is needed to determine what the correct direction of this connection is and the possible therapeutic strategies of vitamin D replenishment and obesity control.
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Friedman, P. C., V. Miller, G. Fridman, and A. Fridman. "Use of cold atmospheric pressure plasma to treat warts: a potential therapeutic option." Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 44, no. 4 (September 27, 2018): 459–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ced.13790.
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Winkelman, L., G. E. Sims, M. E. Haddon, D. R. Evans, and J. K. Smith. "A Pasteurised Concentrate of Human Plasma Factor XIII for Therapeutic Use." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 55, no. 03 (1986): 402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1661573.
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SummaryA therapeutic concentrate of factor XIII containing both A and B sub-units has been prepared from 300 kg pools of human plasma. The process starts from a cold-ethanol fraction from cryoprecipitate supernatant and therefore does not interfere with the recovery of other clinically valuable plasma proteins. Factor XIII is purified approximately 600-fold from plasma by precipitation with sodium citrate and by the removal of fibrinogen by brief heating. The product has been pasteurised in sorbitol solution to inactivate blood-borne viruses, ultrafiltered to remove sorbitol, adsorbed with bentonite and freeze-dried in a formulation meeting requirements for intravenous injection.
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Jwa, Hyeon Seok, Yong Ho Kim, Jaehee Lee, Seung-Keun Back, and Chul-Kyu Park. "Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Alleviate Cold Allodynia in a Rat Spinal Nerve Ligation Model of Neuropathic Pain." Stem Cells International 2020 (October 12, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8845262.
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Neuropathic pain caused by lesions or nervous system dysfunction is a neuroimmune disease with limited therapeutic options. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) are multipotent mesenchymal stem cells with potent immunosuppressive properties, and their use as novel cell-based therapeutics have been proposed in many immune diseases. However, the analgesic effect and efficacy of ASCs to treat neuropathic pain remain unclear. This study, thus, investigated whether ASCs or ASC-derived culture medium can relieve neuropathic pain behaviors (i.e., mechanical and cold allodynia) in a rat model with L5 spinal nerve ligation. Intrathecal injection of ASCs significantly reduced cold allodynia, but not mechanical allodynia. Importantly, cold allodynia was completely reversed in rats with repeated injections of ASCs. In contrast, intrathecal injection of ASC-derived culture medium or retro-orbital injection of ASCs had no effect on neuropathic pain behaviors. These results suggest a novel and alternative therapeutic application of ASCs to target specific neuropathic pain behaviors.
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Knight, John R. P., and Anne E. Willis. "Control of translation in the cold: implications for therapeutic hypothermia." Biochemical Society Transactions 43, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20150052.
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Controlled whole-body cooling has been used since the 1950s to protect the brain from injury where cerebral blood flow is reduced. Therapeutic hypothermia has been used successfully during heart surgery, following cardiac arrest and with varied success in other instances of reduced blood flow to the brain. However, why reduced temperature is beneficial is largely unknown. Here we review the use of therapeutic hypothermia with a view to understanding the underlying biology contributing to the phenomenon. Interestingly, the benefits of cooling have recently been extended to treatment of chronic neurodegenerative diseases in two mouse models. Concurrently studies have demonstrated the importance of the regulation of protein synthesis, translation, to the cooling response, which is also emerging as a targetable process in neurodegeneration. Through these studies the potential importance of the rewarming process following cooling is also beginning to emerge. Altogether, these lines of research present new opportunities to manipulate cooling pathways for therapeutic gain.
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Tholpady, Ashok, Arthur W. Bracey, Kelty R. Baker, Ross M. Reul, and Alice J. Chen. "Use of an Intravascular Warming Catheter during Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in a Patient with Severe Cold Hemagglutinin Disease." Texas Heart Institute Journal 43, no. 4 (August 1, 2016): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14503/thij-15-5672.
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Cold hemagglutinin disease with broad thermal amplitude and high titers presents challenges in treating cardiac-surgery patients. Careful planning is needed to prevent the activation of cold agglutinins and the agglutination of red blood cells as the patient's temperature drops during surgery. We describe our approach to mitigating cold agglutinin formation in a 77-year-old man with severe cold hemagglutinin disease who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery without the use of preoperative plasmapheresis. This experience shows that the use of an intravascular warming catheter can maintain normothermia and prevent the activation and subsequent formation of cold agglutinins. To our knowledge, this is the first reported use of this technique in a patient with cold hemagglutinin disease. The chief feature in this approach is the use of optimal thermal maintenance—rather than the more usual decrease in cold-agglutinin content by means of therapeutic plasma exchange.
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Gmernicka, Katarzyna. "Therapeutic effect of systemic cryostimulation." Health Promotion & Physical Activity 1, no. 1 (December 28, 2017): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7583.
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Whole body cryotherapy (WBC) involves exposing individuals to extremely cold dry air (under -100 °C) for a period ranging from 1.5 to 3 minutes. The treatment is painless and is intended to produce and use physiological reaction, which is medically beneficial and effective in restoring normal body functions. Whole body cryotherapy provides various benefits such as: analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, decreases muscle soreness, improves muscle strength and joint function, boosts blood circulation. It also causes a hormonal reaction, growth of ACTH, cortisol, beta-endorphin and testosterone. Cryotherapy is not only used as a way of treatment but also as a part of wellness and spa. WBC is used prophylactically to improve physical comfort and mental health. It is necessary to use kinesis immediately after cryotherapy to achieve its desirable affects. Kinesitherapy is a 20 minutes set of exercises performed on machines under the guidance of a physiotherapist. The purpose of kinesitherapy is the restoration of normal motion stereotypes, which will prevent overloads.
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Danladi, Jibrin, and Hemmen Sabir. "Perinatal Infection: A Major Contributor to Efficacy of Cooling in Newborns Following Birth Asphyxia." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 2 (January 12, 2021): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020707.
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Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a global burden, as more than 90% of NE occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Perinatal infection seems to limit the neuroprotective efficacy of therapeutic hypothermia. Efforts made to use therapeutic hypothermia in LMICs treating NE has led to increased neonatal mortality rates. The heat shock and cold shock protein responses are essential for survival against a wide range of stressors during which organisms raise their core body temperature and temporarily subject themselves to thermal and cold stress in the face of infection. The characteristic increase and decrease in core body temperature activates and utilizes elements of the heat shock and cold shock response pathways to modify cytokine and chemokine gene expression, cellular signaling, and immune cell mobilization to sites of inflammation, infection, and injury. Hypothermia stimulates microglia to secret cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP), which triggers NF-κB, controlling multiple inflammatory pathways, including nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) signaling. Brain responses through changes in heat shock protein and cold shock protein transcription and gene-expression following fever range and hyperthermia may be new promising potential therapeutic targets.
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Chen, Huimin, Yang Zhang, Dan Pu, and Kunxian Shu. "The use of COLD-PCR and pyrosequencing for sensitive detection of EGFR T790M mutation." E3S Web of Conferences 271 (2021): 03026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127103026.
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A sensitive and convenient method for the detection of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with acquired resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) would be desirable to guide treatment strategy. Consequently, studies have focused on sensitive characterization of EGFR T790M mutation. Herein, two methods of co-amplification at lower denaturation temperature PCR (COLD-PCR) and pyrosequencing were combined (COLDPCR/ pyrosequencing) for detecting EGFR T790M mutation. Evaluation of mutation-containing dilutions revealed that the sensitivities of COLD-PCR/pyrosequencing and conventional PCR/pyrosequencing assays for the detection of the T790M mutation were 0.1 and 5%, respectively, indicating a 50-fold increase in sensitivity. When the T790M mutation in 20 clinical NSCLC samples who had relapsed under firstgeneration EGFR TKI were further determined using COLD-PCR/pyrosequencing and conventional PCR/pyrosequencing, the detection rates were 35% (7/20) and 25% (5/20), respectively. All patients who were positive for the T790M mutation with conventional PCR/pyrosequencing were also found to be positive with COLD-PCR/pyrosequencing. The discordant cases were 2 samples with no T790M mutation detected with conventional PCR/pyrosequencing, but which were positive with COLD-PCR/pyrosequencing. COLD-PCR/pyrosequencing is a sensitive and cost-effective tool for detecting the T790M mutation which will permit an improvement of therapeutic management.
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Abad-Martínez, Nancy Isabel, Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel, Pedro Carlos Martínez-Suárez, Fanny Mercedes González-León, and Lilian Azucena Romero-Sacoto. "Therapeutic management of acute respiratory infections in AIEPI." Journal of America health 4, no. 1 (February 2, 2021): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37958/jah.v4i1.66.
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To determine the therapeutic management of acute respiratory infections within the IMCI strategy in children from 2 to 59 months in the health centres of Déleg, Javier Loyola and San Miguel de Porotos. Materials and Methods: Descriptive study, cross-sectional, quantitative, sample of 314 children attended in the health center Déleg, Javier Loyola and San Miguel de Porotos, diagnosed with acute respiratory infection. Instrument: A collection form was designed with the respective validation by experts. Data were collected from the medical history of children from 2 to 59 months. Results: Male predominance 56.7%, age 2 to 11 months 28.6%, predominance of cough or common cold 31.4% followed by pharyngo-tonsillitis 22.2%, therapeutic management of pharyngo-tonsillitis is based on the use of amoxicillin and paracetamol 54.5%, in cough or cold receive paracetamol 30.8% and other children with the same diagnosis receive paracetamol plus loratadine 72%. In simple counseling, sore throat relief predominates 80.0% and cough relief 65%. Conclusion: The classification specified in the IMCI strategy is not met. There is a high percentage of diagnoses of pharyngo-tonsillitis that are not specified as being viral or bacterial, and other cases are treated with amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid.
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Chapman, C. Elaine. "Can the use of physical modalities for pain control be rationalized by the research evidence?" Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 69, no. 5 (May 1, 1991): 704–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y91-105.
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Physical modalities, including cold and heat, are widely used in the conservative management of pain associated with musculoskeletal disorders. This review has critically appraised the literature supporting the use of these modalities in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain. It was concluded that, apart from a few exceptions and in a few types of disorders, existing evidence does not support the use of these modalities in long-term pain control. There was, however, evidence that several modalities, specifically cold and a form of deep heat (shortwave diathermy), do have short-lived analgesic effects and so may contribute to more painfree function in the short term. Further research is clearly warranted to define the short- and long-term therapeutic efficacy of physical modalities in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain to justify their continued use in clinical practice.Key words: pain control, cold, heat, ultrasound, low-power laser.
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Arulkumaran, N., R. Suleman, and J. Ball. "Use of ice-cold crystalloid for inducing mild therapeutic hypothermia following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest." Resuscitation 83, no. 2 (February 2012): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2011.10.002.
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Bohl, Michael A., Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Zachary W. Killeen, Evgenii Belykh, Joseph M. Zabramski, Robert F. Spetzler, and Mark C. Preul. "The history of therapeutic hypothermia and its use in neurosurgery." Journal of Neurosurgery 130, no. 3 (March 2019): 1006–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.10.jns171282.
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Despite an overwhelming history demonstrating the potential of hypothermia to rescue and preserve the brain and spinal cord after injury or disease, clinical trials from the last 50 years have failed to show a convincing benefit. This comprehensive review provides the historical context needed to consider the current status of clinical hypothermia research and a view toward the future direction for this field. For millennia, accounts of hypothermic patients surviving typically fatal circumstances have piqued the interest of physicians and prompted many of the early investigations into hypothermic physiology. In 1650, for example, a 22-year-old woman in Oxford suffered a 30-minute execution by hanging on a notably cold and wet day but was found breathing hours later when her casket was opened in a medical school dissection laboratory. News of her complete recovery inspired pioneers such as John Hunter to perform the first complete and methodical experiments on life in a hypothermic state. Hunter’s work helped spark a scientific revolution in Europe that saw the overthrow of the centuries-old dogma that volitional movement was created by hydraulic nerves filling muscle bladders with cerebrospinal fluid and replaced this theory with animal electricity. Central to this paradigm shift was Giovanni Aldini, whose public attempts to reanimate the hypothermic bodies of executed criminals not only inspired tremendous scientific debate but also inspired a young Mary Shelley to write her novel Frankenstein. Dr. Temple Fay introduced hypothermia to modern medicine with his human trials on systemic and focal cooling. His work was derailed after Nazi physicians in Dachau used his results to justify their infamous experiments on prisoners of war. The latter half of the 20th century saw the introduction of hypothermic cerebrovascular arrest in neurosurgical operating rooms. The ebb and flow of neurosurgical interest in hypothermia that has since persisted reflect our continuing struggle to achieve the neuroprotective benefits of cooling while minimizing the systemic side effects.
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Piao, Chun Hua, Minjoo Kim, Thi Tho Bui, Eunjin Hyeon, Yanjing Fan, Chang Ho Song, Hwan-Jeong Jeong, and Ok Hee Chai. "Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Cold Thermal Therapy on Allergic Skin Inflammation Induced by Trimellitic Anhydride in BALB/c Mice." Mediators of Inflammation 2019 (January 28, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1936769.
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Cold and hot thermal therapies are widely used as a traditional therapy in many cultures and are often prescribed in the treatment of various musculoskeletal and neurological conditions which present themselves to primary care physicians. However, there are no reports that investigated either the effects of cold and hot thermal therapies on the skin inflammation of trimellitic anhydride- (TMA-) induced dermatitis-like contact hypersensitivity (CHS) mouse model, or the mechanism of thermal therapy on allergic skin inflammation. Therefore, in this study, to reveal the anti-inflammatory effect of thermal therapy and its mechanism on TMA-induced CHS, we analyzed ear-swelling response (ear edema), vascular permeability, serum IgE levels, histological examination, and histamine and Th2 cytokine levels. Cold thermal therapy reduced the ear-swelling response, the vascular permeability, the serum IgE levels, and the infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells as well as the mast cell degranulation. To determine the mechanism by which cold thermal therapy inhibits allergic skin inflammation, detailed studies were carried out revealing that cold thermal therapy suppressed IL-4 and IL-5 secretion and mast cell activation. These results indicated that cold thermal therapy cures skin inflammation of TMA-induced CHS by decreasing Th2 cytokine release, especially IL-4 and IL-5, and mast cell activation. These data suggest that new insight into the mechanism of robust therapeutic effects of cold thermal therapy against allergic dermatitis, and cold thermal therapy may prove to be a useful therapeutic modality on allergic inflammatory diseases as traditional use as well as Th2- or mast cell-mediated allergic responses.
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Oliva, Joan. "Therapeutic Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cell on Organ Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 21 (November 5, 2019): 5511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20215511.
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The shortage of donor organs is a major global concern. Organ failure requires the transplantation of functional organs. Donor’s organs are preserved for variable periods of warm and cold ischemia time, which requires placing them into a preservation device. Ischemia and reperfusion damage the organs, due to the lack of oxygen during the ischemia step, as well as the oxidative stress during the reperfusion step. Different methodologies are developed to prevent or to diminish the level of injuries. Preservation solutions were first developed to maximize cold static preservation, which includes the addition of several chemical compounds. The next chapter of organ preservation comes with the perfusion machine, where mechanical devices provide continuous flow and oxygenation ex vivo to the organs being preserved. In the addition of inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase and inhibitors of the proteasome, mesenchymal stem cells began being used 13 years ago to prevent or diminish the organ’s injuries. Mesenchymal stem cells (e.g., bone marrow stem cells, adipose derived stem cells and umbilical cord stem cells) have proven to be powerful tools in repairing damaged organs. This review will focus upon the use of some bone marrow stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells and umbilical cord stem cells on preventing or decreasing the injuries due to ischemia-reperfusion.
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Lauriola, Maria Michela, Paolo Sena, Antonio De Bitonto, and Monica Corazza. "Irritant contact dermatitis after a curious therapeutic use of oregano essential oil." Contact Dermatitis 83, no. 2 (April 20, 2020): 129–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cod.13540.
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R., S. "Ichthyol for articular rheumatism." Kazan medical journal 22, no. 2 (December 24, 2020): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj52922.
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Sssmann (Mnch. M Woch., 1925, No. 34), on the basis of many years of experience, warmly recommends the use in chronic, especially recurrent forms of articular rheumatism 1% aqueous solution of ichthyol, 10-40 drops., 3 times a day, in cold black coffee ... S. attributes the therapeutic effect of this agent to the sulfur contained in the latter.
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Thomas, Julie Jepsen, and Martin S. Rice. "Perceived Risk and its Effects on Quality of Movement in Occupational Performance of Well-Elderly Individuals." OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health 22, no. 3 (July 2002): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153944920202200303.
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The purpose of this study was to determine whether elderly individuals would demonstrate differences in quality of movement when completing a water-pouring task under different levels of perceived risk (i.e., pouring hot water vs. pouring cold water during beverage preparation). Fifty individuals over the age of 65 (M=72.1 years, SD=6.3) participated in the repeated measures, counterbalanced design. Results indicated that participants used less efficient movement dynamics when pouring hot water (higher risk) than when pouring cold water (lower risk). Elders tended to take longer and make more adjustments when pouring hot water than when pouring cold water. Occupational therapists can use this information to better understand the movement dynamics needed during everyday occupations and design therapeutic interventions that appropriately challenge clients.
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Adhikari, Manish, Bhawana Adhikari, Anupriya Adhikari, Dayun Yan, Vikas Soni, Jonathan Sherman, and Michael Keidar. "Cold Atmospheric Plasma as a Novel Therapeutic Tool for the Treatment of Brain Cancer." Current Pharmaceutical Design 26, no. 19 (June 17, 2020): 2195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200302105715.
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Background: Studies from the past few years revealed the importance of Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) on various kinds of diseases, including brain cancers or glioblastoma (GBM), and hence coined a new term ‘Plasma Medicine’ in the modern world for promising therapeutic approaches. Here, we focus on the efficacy of CAP and its liquid derivatives on direct interactions or with specific nanoparticles to show pivotal roles in brain cancer treatment. Method: In the present review study, the authors studied several articles over the past decades published on the types of CAP and its effects on different brain cancers and therapy. Results: A growing body of evidence indicates that CAP and its derivatives like Plasma Activated Media/ Water (PAM/PAW) are introduced in different kinds of GBM. Recent studies proposed that CAP plays a remarkable role in GBM treatment. To increase the efficacy of CAP, various nanoparticles of different origins got specific attention in recent times. In this review, different strategies to treat brain cancers, including nanoparticles, are discussed as enhancers of CAP induced targeted nanotherapeutic approach. Conclusion: CAP treatment and its synergistic effects with different nanoparticles hold great promise for clinical applications in early diagnosis and treatment of GBM treatment. However, results obtained from previous studies were still in the preliminary phase, and there must be a concern over the use of optimal methods for a dosage of CAP and nanoparticles for complete cure of GBM.
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Anusha, M. R., Veluswamy Bhuvaneshwari, Manokaran Kalaiselvi, Akbar Ali Amrin, and Ramasamy Amsaveni. "In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hibiscus Schizopetalus (Dyer) Hook. f." Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine 12, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 484–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2545.
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Medicinal plants act as an important source of drug with potential therapeutic effects. The present study focuses on the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Hibiscus schizopetalus (Dyer) Hook. f. (leaves and flowers) extracts. The cold water and hot water extract was prepared for plant sample without drying and whereas cold water, hot water, methanol, ethanol extract was prepared for the plant sample after drying. The present study on extract of H. schizopetalus demonstrated in vitro anti-inflammatory properties as evidenced by inhibition of albumin denaturation, membrane stabilization test and proteinase inhibitory action. This justifies that the traditional use of this plant in treatment of pains and inflammation.
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Shevelev, Oleg A., Marina V. Petrova, Shavkat Kh Saidov, Nadezhda A. Khodorovich, and Pranil Pradkhan. "Neuroprotection Mechanisms in Cerebral Hypothermia (Review)." General Reanimatology 15, no. 6 (December 24, 2019): 94–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2019-6-94-114.
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The review focuses on the neuroprotective mechanisms of therapeutic hypothermia from the standpoint of metabolic depression and genomic reprogramming of neurons that develop when brain temperature decreases.The concept of hypothermic pre-conditioning based on the development of typical nonspecific reactions for the formation of the cytoprotective phenotype of neurons due to potentially dangerous stimuli, such as ischemia, reperfusion, and hypothermia, was used to explain the effects of low temperatures. The data confirming the role of therapeutic cerebral hypothermia as a technique of selective brain exposure to mild cold for the neuroprotection and correction of temperature balance disorders are shown.The approach to therapeutic hypothermia as a hypothermic pre-conditioning allows to significantly expand the scope of its use in various procedural variants.
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Roth, Christel L., Filippo Molica, and Brenda R. Kwak. "Browning of White Adipose Tissue as a Therapeutic Tool in the Fight against Atherosclerosis." Metabolites 11, no. 5 (May 14, 2021): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050319.
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Despite continuous medical advances, atherosclerosis remains the prime cause of mortality worldwide. Emerging findings on brown and beige adipocytes highlighted that these fat cells share the specific ability of non-shivering thermogenesis due to the expression of uncoupling protein 1. Brown fat is established during embryogenesis, and beige cells emerge from white adipose tissue exposed to specific stimuli like cold exposure into a process called browning. The consecutive energy expenditure of both thermogenic adipose tissues has shown therapeutic potential in metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes. The latest data suggest promising effects on atherosclerosis development as well. Upon cold exposure, mice and humans have a physiological increase in brown adipose tissue activation and browning of white adipocytes is promoted. The use of drugs like β3-adrenergic agonists in murine models induces similar effects. With respect to atheroprotection, thermogenic adipose tissue activation has beneficial outcomes in mice by decreasing plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins, by increasing high-density lipoproteins, and by inducing secretion of atheroprotective adipokines. Atheroprotective effects involve an unaffected hepatic clearance. Latest clinical data tend to find thinner atherosclerotic lesions in patients with higher brown adipose tissue activity. Strategies for preserving healthy arteries are a major concern for public health.
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Goltsev, Kyrylo, Igor Kryvoruchko, Goltsev Аnatoliy Goltsev, Kyrylo Parkhomenko, and Eduard Horoshun. "Use of Modern Cryomethods in Combined Surgical Treatment of Patients with Purulent Chronic Wounds." Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine 31, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/cryo31.02.109.
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The paper considers the possibilities of using in medical practice various cryomethods and techniques of cryopreservation of biological objects to treat the patients with purulent chronic wounds (PCW). The variety of methods and approaches to apply cold in medical practice: general and local cryotherapy, cryosurgery etc. has been emphasized. As a result of using each of these methods, regenerative processes begin, which promote the healing of PCW. Particular attention is paid to cryotechniques, ensuring the preservation of cord blood at low temperatures. Cord blood cells and serum have been shown to have immune modulatory and trophic-stimulating therapeutic effects, that is extremely important when treating the patients with PCW. The issue of combined use of cord blood serum and innovative vacuum therapy for the patients with PCW has been considered.
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Ucler, Serap, Ozlem Coskun, Levent E. Inan, and Yonca Kanatli. "Cold Therapy in Migraine Patients: Open-label, Non-controlled, Pilot Study." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 3, no. 4 (2006): 489–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nel035.
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Some patients with headache report that they have frequently used physical therapies such as application of cold to relieve their headache. There are only a few reported studies related to cold therapies in patients with migraine. In this study, we investigated the effect of cold application on migraine patients. Twenty-eight migraine patients were included. Cold therapy was administered to them by gel cap. Patients used this cap during their two migraine attacks. Before and after the cold therapy, headache severity was recorded by using visual analogue scale (VAS). Patients used this cap for 25 min in each application. They recorded their VAS score just after the therapy and 25 min, 1 h, 2 h and 3 h later. Two patients could not use this therapy due to side effects (one due to cold intolerance and one due to vertigo) in both applications. Therefore, therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in 26 patients. Twenty-five minutes after treatment of the first attack, VAS score was decreased from 7.89 ± 1.93 to 5.54 ± 2.96 (P< 0.01). Twenty-five minutes after treatment of the second attack, VAS score was decreased from 7.7 ± 1.8 to 5.4 ± 3.55 (P< 0.01). Cold application alone may be effective in some patients suffering from migraine attacks. Its combination with conventional drugs should be investigated in future studies.
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Marion, Donald W., Walter D. Obrist, Patricia M. Earlier, Louis E. Penrod, and Joseph M. Darby. "The use of moderate therapeutic hypothermia for patients with severe head injuries: a preliminary report." Journal of Neurosurgery 79, no. 3 (September 1993): 354–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1993.79.3.0354.
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✓ Animal research suggests that moderate therapeutic hypothermia may improve outcome after a severe head injury, but its efficacy has not been established in humans. The authors randomly assigned 40 consecutively treated patients with a severe closed head injury (Glasgow Coma Scale score 3 to 7) to either a hypothermia or a normothermia group. Using cooling blankets and cold saline gastric lavage, patients in the hypothermia group were cooled to 32° to 33°C (brain temperature) within a mean of 10 hours after injury, maintained at that temperature for 24 hours, and rewarmed to 37° to 38°C over 12 hours. Patients in the normothermia group were maintained at 37° to 38°C during this time. Deep-brain temperatures were monitored directly and used for all temperature determinations. Intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2) were measured serially for all patients. Hypothermia significantly reduced ICP (40%) and CBF (26%) during the cooling period, and neither parameter showed a significant rebound increase after patients were rewarmed. Compared to the normothermia group, the mean CMRO2 in the hypothermia group was lower during cooling and higher 5 days after injury. Three months after injury, 12 of the 20 patients in the hypothermia group had moderate, mild, or no disabilities; eight of the 20 patients in the normothermia group had improved to the same degree. Both groups had a similar incidence of systemic complications, including cardiac arrhythmias, coagulopathies, and pulmonary complications. It is concluded that therapeutic moderate hypothermia is safe and has sustained favorable effects on acute derangements of cerebral physiology and metabolism caused by severe closed head injury. The trend toward better outcome with hypothermia may indicate that its beneficial physiological and metabolic effects limit secondary brain injury.
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Hama, Aldric, Takahiro Natsume, Shin’ya Ogawa, Noriyuki Higo, Ikuo Hayashi, and Hiroyuki Takamatsu. "Gaps in Understanding Mechanism and Lack of Treatments: Potential Use of a Nonhuman Primate Model of Oxaliplatin-Induced Neuropathic Pain." Pain Research and Management 2018 (May 2, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1630709.
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The antineoplastic agent oxaliplatin induces an acute hypersensitivity evoked by cold that has been suggested to be due to sensitized central and peripheral neurons. Rodent-based preclinical studies have suggested numerous treatments for the alleviation of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain, but few have demonstrated robust clinical efficacy. One issue is that current understanding of the pathophysiology of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain is primarily based on rodent models, which might not entirely recapitulate the clinical pathophysiology. In addition, there is currently no objective physiological marker for pain that could be utilized to objectively indicate treatment efficacy. Nonhuman primates are phylogenetically and neuroanatomically similar to humans; thus, disease mechanism in nonhuman primates could reflect that of clinical oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy. Cold-activated pain-related brain areas in oxaliplatin-treated macaques were attenuated with duloxetine, the only drug that has demonstrated clinical efficacy for chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. By contrast, drugs that have not demonstrated clinical efficacy in oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain did not reduce brain activation. Thus, a nonhuman primate model could greatly enhance understanding of clinical pathophysiology beyond what has been obtained with rodent models and, furthermore, brain activation could serve as an objective marker of pain and therapeutic efficacy.
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Rajek, Angela, Robert Greif, Daniel I. Sessler, James Baumgardner, Sonja Laciny, and Hiva Bastanmehr. "Core Cooling by Central Venous Infusion of Ice-cold (4°C and 20°C) Fluid." Anesthesiology 93, no. 3 (September 1, 2000): 629–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200009000-00010.
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Background Central venous infusion of cold fluid may be a useful method of inducing therapeutic hypothermia. The aim of this study was to quantify systemic heat balance and regional distribution of body heat during and after central infusion of cold fluid. Methods The authors studied nine volunteers, each on two separate days. Anesthesia was maintained with use of isoflurane, and on each day 40 ml/kg saline was infused centrally over 30 min. On one day, the fluid was 20 degrees C and on the other it was 4 degrees C. By use of a tympanic membrane probe core (trunk and head) temperature and heat content were evaluated. Peripheral compartment (arm and leg) temperature and heat content were estimated with use of fourth-order regressions and integration over volume from 18 intramuscular thermocouples, nine skin temperatures, and "deep" hand and foot temperature. Oxygen consumption and cutaneous heat flux estimated systemic heat balance. Results After 30-min infusion of 4 degrees C or 20 degrees C fluid, core temperature decreased 2.5 +/- 0.4 degrees C and 1.4 +/- 0.2 degrees C, respectively. This reduction in core temperature was 0.8 degrees C and 0.4 degrees C more than would be expected if the change in body heat content were distributed in proportion to body mass. Reduced core temperature resulted from three factors: (1) 10-20% because cutaneous heat loss exceeded metabolic heat production; (2) 50-55% from the systemic effects of the cold fluid per se; and (3) approximately 30% because the reduction in core heat content remained partially constrained to core tissues. The postinfusion period was associated with a rapid and spontaneous recovery of core temperature. This increase in core temperature was not associated with a peripheral-to-core redistribution of body heat because core temperature remained warmer than peripheral tissues even at the end of the infusion. Instead, it resulted from constraint of metabolic heat to the core thermal compartment. Conclusions Central venous infusion of cold fluid decreases core temperature more than would be expected were the reduction in body heat content proportionately distributed. It thus appears to be an effective method of rapidly inducing therapeutic hypothermia. When the infusion is complete, there is a spontaneous partial recovery in core temperature that facilitates rewarming to normothermia.
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Tumen, Ibrahim, Ipek Süntar, Hikmet Keleş, and Esra Küpeli Akkol. "A Therapeutic Approach for Wound Healing by Using Essential Oils ofCupressusandJuniperusSpecies Growing in Turkey." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/728281.
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JuniperusandCupressusgenera are mainly used as diuretic, stimulant, and antiseptic, for common cold and wound healing in Turkish folk medicine. In the present study, essential oils obtained from cones ofCupressusand berries ofJuniperuswere evaluated for their wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects.In vivowound healing activity was evaluated by linear incision and circular excision experimental wound models, assessment of hydroxyproline content, and subsequently histopathological analysis. The healing potential was comparatively assessed with a reference ointment Madecassol. Additionally acetic-acid-induced capillary permeability test was used for the oils' anti-inflammatory activity. The essential oils ofJ. oxycedrussubsp.oxycedrusandJ. phoeniceademonstrated the highest activities, while the rest of the species did not show any significant wound healing effect. The experimental study revealed thatJ. oxycedrussubsp.oxycedrusandJ. phoeniceadisplay remarkable wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities, which support the folkloric use of the plants.
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Mihailovic, Jasna, and Tomislav Petrovic. "Radioimmunotherapy: A novel treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma." Archive of Oncology 18, no. 1-2 (2010): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aoo1002023m.
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90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin) and 131I-tositumomab (Bexxar) are current choices for radioimmunotherapy (RIT) of patients with follicular rituximab-relapsed or refractory CD20+ follicular B-cell NHL. Bexxar is available in the United States and Canada, while Zevalin was approved for use only in Europe. The Zevalin regimen consists of rituximab ('cold', chimeric antibody) and 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan ('hot' antibody). In Bexxar regimen, a tositumomab (murine antibody) is used as both, the unlabelled and labelled antibody. In both cases, the therapeutic infusion of 'hot' or radiolabelled component is preceded one week earlier by an infusion of a 'cold' or unlabelled antibody. In the US, the whole-body scanning using 111In-ibritumomab following the initial rituximab infusion is required for determination of biodistribution before the therapeutic dose of Zevalin. Bexxar regimen includes three whole body scans during the week after an imaging dose of 131I-tositumomab, which are necessary for calculation of the therapeutic dose of 131I-tositumomab. For each regimen, patients with a platelet count ?150x109/L receive a full therapeutic dose, whereas patients with platelet counts >100x109/L<150x109/L receive a modified dose of radiolabelled antibody. Therapeutic dose of Zevalin is 11-15 MBq/kg (up to maximum of 1200 MBq), while the dose of Bexxar is 1.85-5.55 GBq (maximal tolerated absorbed dose for the whole body is 75cGy). If compared to alternative treatments, the radioimmunotherapy with Bexxar and Zevalin achieves longer time to progression and longer duration of response with overall response rate between 80% to almost 100%. Repeated treatment with Zevalin or Bexxar is possible. The additional subsequent conventional therapy is compatible. Radioimmunotherapy is radiation safe and well tolerated treatment with primarily transient haematological adverse events. Pregnancy and lactation are contraindications for radioimmunotherapy. Beta radiation of 90Y allows treatment on outpatient basis.
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García-Hernández, Karina Yaredi, Heike Vibrans, María Rivas-Guevara, and Abigail Aguilar-Contreras. "This plant treats that illness? The hot–cold system and therapeutic procedures mediate medicinal plant use in San Miguel Tulancingo, Oaxaca, Mexico." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 163 (April 2015): 12–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.01.001.
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Boeckmann, Lars, Mirijam Schäfer, Thoralf Bernhardt, Marie Luise Semmler, Ole Jung, Gregor Ojak, Tobias Fischer, et al. "Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma in Wound Healing and Cancer Treatment." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (October 1, 2020): 6898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196898.
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Plasma medicine is gaining increasing attention and is moving from basic research into clinical practice. While areas of application are diverse, much research has been conducted assessing the use of cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) in wound healing and cancer treatment—two applications with entirely different goals. In wound healing, a tissue-stimulating effect is intended, whereas cancer therapy aims at killing malignant cells. In this review, we provide an overview of the latest clinical and some preclinical research on the efficacy of CAP in wound healing and cancer therapy. Furthermore, we discuss the current understanding of molecular signaling mechanisms triggered by CAP that grant CAP its antiseptic and tissue regenerating or anti-proliferative and cell death-inducing properties. For the efficacy of CAP in wound healing, already substantial evidence from clinical studies is available, while evidence for therapeutic effects of CAP in oncology is mainly from in vitro and in vivo animal studies. Efforts to elucidate the mode of action of CAP suggest that different components, such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation, electromagnetic fields, and reactive species, may act synergistically, with reactive species being regarded as the major effector by modulating complex and concentration-dependent redox signaling pathways.
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Sałat, Kinga, Anna Furgała-Wojas, Michał Awtoniuk, and Robert Sałat. "Wide-Range Measurement of Thermal Preference—A Novel Method for Detecting Analgesics Reducing Thermally-Evoked Pain in Mice." Molecules 26, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26030612.
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Background: Wide use of oxaliplatin as an antitumor drug is limited by severe neuropathy with pharmacoresistant cold hypersensitivity as the main symptom. Novel analgesics to attenuate cold hyperalgesia and new methods to detect drug candidates are needed. Methods: We developed a method to study thermal preference of oxaliplatin-treated mice and assessed analgesic activity of intraperitoneal duloxetine and pregabalin used at 30 mg/kg. A prototype analgesiameter and a broad range of temperatures (0–45 °C) were used. Advanced methods of image analysis (deep learning and machine learning) enabled us to determine the effectiveness of analgesics. The loss or reversal of thermal preference of oxaliplatin-treated mice was a measure of analgesia. Results: Duloxetine selectively attenuated cold-induced pain at temperatures between 0 and 10 °C. Pregabalin-treated mice showed preference towards a colder plate of the two used at temperatures between 0 and 45 °C. Conclusion: Unlike duloxetine, pregabalin was not selective for temperatures below thermal preferendum. It influenced pain sensation at a much wider range of temperatures applied. Therefore, for the attenuation of cold hypersensitivity duloxetine seems to be a better than pregabalin therapeutic option. We propose wide-range measurements of thermal preference as a novel method for the assessment of analgesic activity in mice.
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Mortazavi Moghaddam, S. Gholamreza, Majid Kianmehr, and Mohammad Reza Khazdair. "The Possible Therapeutic Effects of Some Medicinal Plants for Chronic Cough in Children." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (October 1, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2149328.
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The use of plants or their isolated bioactive components for the prevention and treatment of various disorders has been developed. Here, we aim to identify effective medicinal plants for relief of cough and respiratory symptoms in children. The data of this review article were obtained from published articles in scientific databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus, until December 2019. The keywords, including “Zataria multiflora Boiss.” OR “Portulaca oleracea L.” OR “Ferula assa-foetida L.” OR “Nigella sativa L.” AND “respiratory symptoms” OR “airway inflammation” OR “smooth muscle relaxant effects,” were searched individually or combined. The mentioned medicinal plants decreased total white blood cell (WBC), neutrophils, and eosinophils counts of blood and lung lavage in animal model-induced respiratory disorders. These plants also have protective effects on serum immunoglobulin, antibody titer, eosinophil count, and proinflammatory cytokines. Evidence from the studies indicated that the abovementioned medicinal plants have smooth muscle relaxant properties (bronchodilator effects) via stimulation of β-adrenoceptor or inhibition of muscarinic receptors (in vitro) and also improved the pulmonary function test in clinical settings. These medicinal plants are safe and easy to use. Based on the anti-inflammatory, anti-antispasmodic, and immunomodulatory effects, the clinical benefit may be assumed, therefore considering a place for these medicinal plants in relieve of chronic cough and symptoms of children’s allergy, asthma, and common cold.
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Lee, Myeong Soo, Sung-Soo Hong, Hyun-Ja Lim, Hye-Jung Kim, Won-Hong Woo, and Sun-Rock Moon. "Retrospective Survey on Therapeutic Efficacy of Qigong in Korea." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 31, no. 05 (January 2003): 809–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x03001442.
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Qigong is a complementary intervention for preventing and curing disease, and protecting and improving health through regulation of body and mind. Recently, we have been studying the psychoneuroimmunological effects of Qigong on the promotion of health. However, there are not many studies on the therapeutic efficacy of Qigong on various symptoms in Korea, hence the need to survey the clinical efficacy of Qigong. To evaluate the impact of Qigong in health care we categorized its effectiveness on the basis of ten years of subjects' memoranda. Among the 768 subjects, the motivation for doing Qigong was mostly to attend to health problems (81.5%), and males were more likely to use Qigong than females. The most improved symptoms were associated with psychological and musculoskeletal problems. Furthermore 66.9% of subjects reported improvements of perceived physical health and 40.3% of perceived psychological health. Other symptoms reduced by Qigong were pain (43.1%), fatigue (22.1%), and insomnia (8.7%). Wound healing was also surveyed (n = 332), and 84% of respondents reported improvement in recovery time, 66.6% reported reduced inflammation after Qigong and 50.3% reported no scarring as compared to before. In addition, 59.9% of respondents reported an increase in resistance to the common cold after four months of Qigong. The limitation of the study is that it is a retrospective survey on the basis of trainees' experiences of Qigong. Although this may constitute a potential bias, the study despite its limitations does provide precious empirical evidence of the effectiveness of Qigong.
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Al-Doory, Sura Ahmed, Alia Magzoub, Nikhil Pawar, Mahmoud Radaideh, Shafeeka Mohammed Saleh, Mohammed Ali Al Sabbah, and Fatima Mir. "Complicated Pneumococcal Meningitis: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge." Dubai Medical Journal 4, no. 2 (June 23, 2021): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000516806.
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Meningitis is an uncommon complication of head trauma. Vasculitis in bacterial meningitis is seen in 9–25% of adults while neurological deficits in bacterial meningitis are seen in about one-third of children. We report a 5-year-old boy, previously healthy who was admitted in March 2019 to Latifa Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Dubai, UAE, with pneumococcal meningitis. One day before presentation, he had a history of fall with head trauma while running at school. Initial brain CT scan was normal. Few hours after admission, the child was noticed to be drowsy with cold extremities and mottled skin. He was shifted to PICU and, ultimately, he required intubation and mechanical ventilation. The child continued spiking high-grade fever with deterioration in the neurologic status. His GCS deteriorated to 4/15 with decerebrations posture. He underwent serial brain imaging which revealed multiple chronic infarcts with hydrocephalic changes due to ongoing cerebral vasculitis. The child was started on steroid therapy on 28 April 2019 after which his condition improved at an incredible pace.
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Wagay, Javeed Iqbal, and Kirti Jain. "Immunotherapeutic modification of Escherichia coli peritonitis and bacteremia by Iris kashmiriana baker." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 6-s (December 15, 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6-s.2064.
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A larger number of medicinal plants and their purified constituents have been shown beneficial therapeutic potentials. We present here the protective effects of an Indian medicinal plant Iris Kashmiriana as compared to Ofloxacin in E. coli induced peritonitis. Iris Kashmiriana is one of an important member of family Iridaceae, locally known as Mazarmund in Kashmir. The plant has been widely used in traditional medicine and modern clinical preparations to treat cold, flu, malaria, toothache, cancer, bacterial, viral infections and bruise. Rats were pre-treated with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg/bwt dose for 3 days and fourth day with E. coli (1×108 CFU/ml) strain and consecutively 3 days treatment. Mortality was monitored for 14 days. After the death of rats or completion of the experiment rats were sacrifice and kidney were used for our protocol. Colonies were count and statically analysis was done. Results showed dose dependent anti-microbial activity. Pretreatment of mice with Iris Kashmiriana improved bacterial clearance as well as improved phagocytic and intracellular bactericidal capacities of neutrophils. In the Ofloxacin treated mice although bacterial clearance was rapid, polymorph phagocytosis was depressed. Thus the results, obtained justify the traditional use of Iris Kashmiriana.
Keywords: Iris kashmiriana, E. coli induced peritonitis, Neutrophils, Ofloxacin.
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Oliveira, Maycon Douglas de, Carlos Johnantan Tolentino Vaz, Liliane Maciel de Oliveira, and Carla Zanella Guidini. "L-asparaginase: therapeutic use and applications in the food industry – a review." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 10 (August 21, 2021): e596101018980. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i10.18980.
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L-asparaginase (L-asnase) is an amino hydrolase that has been used in the last decades for leukemia treatment, which boosted scientific studies on production, purification and immobilization of this enzyme. More recently, L-asnase has called food industry attention because of its effect on acrylamide formation in fried and baked foods. Several studies have been carried out in order to evaluate the effect of L-asnase in reducing acrylamide formation in different food models. This review brings up an overview in L-asnase kinetic parameters from different sources, immobilization methods, its therapeutic use in leukemia treatment and food processing applications. This review also discusses acrylamide formation in fried and baked foods. Commercial L-asnase is produced by two microorganisms, Escherichia coli and Erwinia sp. However, studies using different microorganisms have shown the possibility of producing this enzyme from different sources, obtaining enzymes with interesting kinetic properties. Immobilization strategies have provided enzymes with greater activity and stability, which could contribute to maintain L-asnase activity in the body for longer periods. Researches applying L-asnase in food products have shown significant reduction in acrylamide production, above 90% in some cases. For this purpose, during enzyme application some variables must be taken into account, as enzyme dose, food matrix, pretreatment, processing time and temperature. Medical and food applications make L-asnase a multipurpose enzyme. Reducing prices, improving enzyme stability and reducing co-lateral effects in leukemia treatment are still challenges to overcome.
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Zuluaga, Germán, Iván Sarmiento, Juan Pimentel, Camilo Correal, and Neil Andersson. "Cultivation and use of medicinal plants and association with reporting of childhood asthma: A case-control study in the Bogotá savanna." Medwave 21, no. 04 (May 27, 2021): e8196-e8196. http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2021.04.8196.
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Introduction The prevalence of childhood asthma has increased in recent years. The World Health Organization has called for conducting research exploring the role of traditional medicine and medicinal plants in respiratory disease control. Objective To identify the relationship between the prevalence of childhood asthma and traditional care of the respiratory system, including cultivation and use of medicinal plants. Methods We conducted an observational, analytic, case-control study that included children 2 to 14 years old who used official health services in eight municipalities near Bogota between 2014 and 2015. Cases were children diagnosed with asthma. We randomly selected the controls among the remaining patients of the same healthcare facilities. We applied an 18-question survey. The Mantel-Haenszel procedure identified significant associations using 95% confidence intervals. Results We surveyed the caretakers of 97 cases and 279 controls in eight municipalities. Some 23.4% (88/376) and 37.9% (142/375) reported using traditional remedies for fever control and common cold management, respectively. 8.8% (33/376) reported following traditional care during a common cold, 30.4% (114/375) reported growing medicinal plants at home, and 45% (166/369) reported using medicinal plants for health purposes in their household. Multivariate analysis showed that having and using medicinal plants at home is associated with a lower reporting of asthma (odds ratio 0.49; 95% confidence interval: 0.25 to 0.99). Conclusions Cultivating and using medicinal plants at home is associated with a lower reporting of childhood asthma. Researchers should consider the therapeutic, environmental, and cultural properties of medicinal plants to prevent respiratory diseases.
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Pintea Bentea, Georgiana, Aurélien Wauters, Jean-Claude Wautrecht, and Elie Cogan. "Laser Doppler imaging evaluation of nitroglycerin patch application in systemic sclerosis patients." Vascular Medicine 25, no. 6 (September 29, 2020): 559–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1358863x20953901.
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Recent studies suggest the use of topical nitroglycerin (NTG) application in systemic sclerosis (SSc)-associated Raynaud phenomenon (RP). With the current study, we aimed to characterize for the first time the microvascular response to a NTG patch (Trinipatch® 5 mg/24 h) applied to the hand dorsum in patients with SSc using Laser Doppler imaging (LDI) at baseline and following a cold challenge. The study included 21 patients with SSc and 13 controls. Blood flow was evaluated by LDI at the level of the fingertips and metacarpus. Microvascular morphology was evaluated by nailfold capillaroscopy (NC). LDI revealed decreased fingertip baseline perfusion and a stronger vasoconstrictor response to a cold challenge in patients with SSc versus control. Metacarpal application of a NTG patch led to an increase in blood flow and hand temperature in patients with SSc. Furthermore, NTG administration led to a faster reperfusion after cold challenge. Correlation analyses revealed that the magnitude of the vasodilatory response was inversely related to baseline fingertip perfusion and hand temperature, but unrelated to the number of capillaries/mm assessed using NC. In conclusion, we provide evidence of a vasodilatory reaction following NTG patch application in patients with SSc using LDI and a protective effect against cold challenge. The magnitude of the response to NTG was related to functional, but not structural features. Our results support a further evaluation of the NTG patch as a possible therapeutic agent in SSc-associated RP.
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Moreno, Rafael. "Mesenchymal stem cells and oncolytic viruses: joining forces against cancer." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, no. 2 (February 2021): e001684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2020-001684.
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The development of oncolytic viruses (OVs) has increased significantly in the past 20 years, with many candidates entering clinical trials and three of them receiving approval for some indications. Recently, OVs have also gathered interest as candidates to use in combination with immunotherapies for cancer due to their immunogenic properties, which include immunogenic cell death and the possibility to carry therapeutic transgenes in their genomes. OVs transform non-immunogenic ‘cold’ tumors into inflamed immunogenic ‘hot’ tumors, where immunotherapies show the highest efficacy. However, in monotherapy or in combination with immunotherapy, OVs face numerous challenges that limit their successful application, in particular upon systemic administration, such as liver sequestration, neutralizing interactions in blood, physical barriers to infection, and fast clearance by the immune system. In this regard, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as cells carrier for OV delivery addresses many of these obstacles acting as virus carriers and factories, expressing additional transgenes, and modulating the immune system. Here, I review the current progress of OVs-loaded MSCs in cancer, focusing on their interaction with the immune system, and discuss new strategies to improve their therapeutic efficacy.
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At Thobari, Jarir, Cahya Dewi Satria, Yohanes Ridora, Emma Watts, Amanda Handley, Jane Standish, Novilia S. Bachtiar, Jim P. Buttery, Yati Soenarto, and Julie E. Bines. "Non-antibiotic medication use in an Indonesian community cohort 0–18 months of age." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (November 18, 2020): e0242410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242410.
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Background Rational medication use for treatment is mandatory, particularly in children as they are vulnerable to possible hazards of drugs. Understanding the medication use pattern is of importance to identify the problems of drug therapy and to improve the appropriate use of medication among this population. Methods A post-hoc study of the RV3-BB Phase IIb trial to children aged 0–18 months which was conducted in Indonesia during January 2013 to July 2016. Any concomitant medication use and health events among 1621 trial participants during the 18 months of follow-up were documented. Information on medication use included the frequency, formulation, indication, duration of usage, number of regimens, medication types, and therapeutic classes. Results The majority of participants (N = 1333/1621; 82.2%) used at least one non-antibiotic medication for treatment during the 18-month observation period. A total of 7586 medication uses were recorded, mostly in oral formulation (90.5%). Of all illnesses recorded, 24.7% were treated with a single drug regimen of non-antibiotic medication. The most common therapeutic classes used were analgesics/antipyretics (30.1%), antihistamines for systemic use (17.4%), cough and cold preparations (13.5%), vitamins (8.6%), and antidiarrheals (6.6%). The main medication types used were paracetamol (29.9%), chlorpheniramine (16.8%), guaifenesin (8.9%), zinc (4.6%), and ambroxol (4.1%). Respiratory system disorder was the most common reason for medication use (51.9%), followed by gastrointestinal disorders (19.2%), pyrexia (16.9%), and skin disorders (7.0%). Conclusion A large number of children were exposed to at least one medication during their early life, including those where evidence of efficacy and safety in a pediatric population is lacking. This supports the need for further research on pediatric drug therapy to improve the appropriate use of medication in this population.
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Moroz, Anastasiya A., and Svetlana A. Schislenko. "Prospects for the application of lignin containing sorbents in veterinary medicine." Veterinaria Kubani, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33861/2071-8020-2020-4-29-30.
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Vaccines against colibacillosis are mainly used, containing only one specific variant of pathogenic E. coli with a preventive purpose among the livestock of stationary dysfunctional farms in conditions of Krasnoyarsk region. For therapeutic purposes, veterinarians usually use wide range of antimicrobial preparations to combat outbreaks of gastrointestinal infections. Many researchers point to the high variability of E. coli bacteria. Use of such preparations, in addition to the formation of high resistance in opportunistic microorganisms to the latter, provoke the accumulation of antibacterial drugs in animal products. Authors conducted studies of the possibility of the practical use of lignin-containing sorbents for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes in field of veterinary medicine in the period from 2001 to 2020. Authors proposed to use the residues after extraction, formed during the complex processing of larch bark, as an enterosorbent. Authors studied the therapeutic and prophylactic effect of enterosorbent from larch bark in case of gastrointestinal infections in experiments in vivo. It was found that the use of the sorbent for therapeutic purposes for 2 days ensured the safety of laboratory animals in the acute form of colibacillosis infection. Preservation was ensured by preventing the penetration of microbial toxins into the tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. The prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of the investigated type of enterosorbent is associated with angioprotective, antitoxic effects due to the high sorption capacity of the drugs.
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Jakhar, Yogesh, and Anupam Pathak. "A REVIEW ON THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF NETI KRIYA." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 8, no. 7 (July 18, 2020): 3964–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj0807232020.
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Yoga as an ancient science can help people live a long and healthy life. This science has now become in-creasingly popular in many countries. There are several health conditions that can be cured or at least alle-viated to a great extent, through the practice of this science. Yoga includes Asana, Pranayam and exercises that can help body, immunity, increase strength, weight loss, remove stress and relief from pains, infections and disorders. Some of the various yoga poses and techniques can be used to cure numerous conditions ranging from nasal polyps to cancer. Since a sinus infection is one of the most common respiratory ail-ments that people suffer from, it is only common for them to use natural practices to cure this condition. Yoga practice, which is known as Jala neti or Sutra neti, i.e., cleansing of nasal cavity, throat can help re-duce the pain and discomfort due to sinusitis, within a shorter period of time. These procedures are known as Neti kriya. Neti kriya is an integral part of shatkarmas / the six cleansing techniques that form the most important aspect of hatha yoga. Neti helps in preventing and managing upper respiratory tract diseases. An attempt is being made to collect and review articles that highlight the therapeutic effects of neti kriya. Data-bases like Pub Med (January 1980–April 2016), Scopus and Ayush Portal were searched. We used key-words like jala neti, neti kriya, neti combined with terms such as yoga, sinusitis, rhinitis, common cold, vision, snoring, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and mental health for the search. As only a few results were obtained, we reviewed relevant studies with saline nasal irrigation. Evidence emerging from this review suggests that neti offers manifold benefits and relief from the antibiotic grip. Most studies support the role of neti in treating sinusitis, rhino sinusitis, and allergic conditions and in improving vision. Jala neti has a significant role in improving the presence of mind and intelligence.
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Tano, Simone Sayomi, Karen Barros Parron Fernandes, Auristela Duarte Lima Moser, Deise Aparecida de Almeida Pires-Oliveira, Andre Wilson Oliveira Gil, and Rodrigo Franco de Oliveira. "Effects of cold water immersion on variables of balance in healthy subjects with open and closed eyes." Fisioterapia em Movimento 28, no. 3 (September 2015): 467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-5150.028.003.ao05.
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AbstractIntroduction Cryotherapy is the use of cold as therapeutic approach. Although often used, its impact on the postural balance is not well-known.Objectives To analyze the effects of cold water immersion in the postural balance on single-leg balance in healthy subjects through the variables of center-of-pressure, velocity anteroposterior and medial-lateral oscillations, comparing conditions open and closed eyes in the moments before, immediately, 20 and 40 minutes after cold water immersion.Material and methods Cross-sectional study with 30 male subjects, cold water immersion at 5 °C during 15 minutes assessed in a force platform, protocol of 3 trials of 30 seconds each with 10 seconds of rest, the average of the 3 trials was used for analysis. The software GraphPad Prisma 5.0 was used for statistical analysis, with the ANOVA test for repeated measures and comparisons with test of Friedman and post-test of Dunn.Results It was observed improvement of the balance by the results of the following variables: in the condition Open Eyes (OE) it was observed significant difference only in the velocity anteroposterior (AP) in the moment before immersion when compared to the 40-minute moment. Significant differences were observed in the condition Closed Eyes (CE) in the following comparisons: in the Center-of-Pressure (COP) only at the immediate moment when compared to the 40-minute moment; in the velocity AP in the moment before when compared to the 40-minute moment, in the immediate moment when compared to the 20-minute and 40-minute moments; and in the medial-lateral velocity (Vel-ML) in two comparisons: in the moment before immersion when compared to the 20-minute and 40-minute moments after cryotherapy. Results show safety in performing activities after cryotherapy.Conclusion Improvement of the postural balance after cold water immersion on the predetermined conditions of this study.
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Fric, Premysl. "Probiotics and prebiotics — renaissance of a therapeutic principle." Open Medicine 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 237–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-007-0031-5.
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AbstractProbiotics are nonpathogenic microorganisms mostly of human origin which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host and enable to prevent or improve some diseases. Probiotics may be a natural temporary constituent of the resident intestinal microflora, but their concentration is not sufficient for therapeutic purposes. The microbiota, the intestinal epithelium, and the mucosal immune system constitute the gastrointestinal ecosystem. All three components are essential for complete functional and developmental maturity of the system. The viability of intestinal microflora (including probiotic strains) requires the availability of nutritional substrates (prebiotics), i.e. various types of fiber and oligosaccharides. Prebiotics are cleaved by microbial enzymes to numerous substances (short-chain fatty acids, aminoacids, polyamines, growth factors, vitamins and antioxidants) indispensable for metabolic and functional activities of the intestinal mucosa. The principal probiotics in use include lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, some nonpathogenic strains of Escherichia coli, and Saccharomyces boulardii. These microbiota display favourable effects which qualify them for therapeutic use. For this purpose, probiotics have to fulfill a series of requirements verifying their efficacy and safety. Experimental and clinical studies examine the prerequisites for the administration of probiotics in digestive diseases, allergic and atopic affections, as well as in some extraintestinal conditions. Future goals of probiotic application include genomic analysis, controlled postnatal colonisation of the digestive tract, the use of probiotics as carriers of peroral vaccines, and recombinant probiotics with in-situ production and targeted application of therapeutic molecules.
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Oyekanmi, B. A., A. K. Onifade, I. B. Osho, and O. T. Ajayi. "in vivo antibacterial and therapeutic properties of P. ostreatus against Staphylococcus aureus." Research Journal of Health Sciences 9, no. 3 (July 7, 2021): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v9i3.8.
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Objectives: The use of natural products is embraced by a larger percentage of the world population. Most species of fungi including mushrooms produce useful secondary metabolites that stimulate the immune system against infection and diseases. Investigations were conducted to assay the therapeutic potentials of P. ostreatus against pathogenic staph infection.Methods: The methanol extract of P. ostreatus was prepared using the cold extraction method. Thirty Wistar albino rats weighing 82.0 g to 99.2 g were distributed into 6 groups of 5 and inoculated orally with actively growing Staphylococcus aureus suspension. P. ostreatus methanol extract LD > 5000 mg/kg 50 was used to determine the graded doses for the study. Graded doses of the extract 625 mg, 1250 mg, and 2500 mg were administered orally to the experimental animals for seven days.Results: The negative control and 625 mg had skin ulceration while 1250 mg to 2500 mg produced apparently healthy skin. Bacterial count after 7 days post-treatment was significantly high in the negative control and 625 mg dose (32.00 x 104 ± 6.10b; 43.40 x 104 ± 6.20b Cfu/ml) P< 0.05. Haematological and serum biochemical values were not significantly P < 0.05 affected. Pleurotus ostreatus administration at 1250 to 2500 mg produced a statistically low colony count that was comparable with 13.33 mg Ciprofloxacin and placebo.Conclusion: Pleurotus ostreatus at 1250 to 2500 mg was able to produce clinical recovery from S. aureus infection while 625 mg could not. The extract had no deleterious effect on the blood parameters, liver enzymes, and kidney biomarkers.
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Gupta, Shilpi, Seema Varma, Anita Szerszen, Fadi Nakhl, Aaron Gottesman, Frank J. Forte, and Meekoo Dhar. "Severe Refractory Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia with Both Warm and Cold Autoantibodies: Complete Response with Rituximab." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 4030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4030.4030.
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Abstract Mixed warm and cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) runs a chronic course with severe, intermittent exacerbations. Therapeutic options for treatment of hemolysis associated with mixed AIHA are limited. There have been only two reported cases of effective use of rituximab in the treatment of mixed AIHA. We report a case of severe mixed AIHA that did not respond to steroids and responded to one cycle of rituximab. A 62-year-old male presented with dyspnea, jaundice and splenomegaly. Blood work revealed severe anemia (hemoglobin 4.9 g/dl) with biochemical evidence of hemolysis. Exposure to cold led to worsening of hemolysis and hemoglobinuria. Direct antiglobulin test was positive for IgG and complement (C3d); and cold agglutinins were detected. Bone marrow revealed erythroid hyperplasia. Positron emission tomography scan showed no sites of pathologic uptake. There was no other evidence of a lymphoid or myeloid disorder. Initial therapy consisted of avoidance of cold, intravenous methylprednisolone and a trial of plasmapheresis; however, there was no clinically significant response and the patient continued to be transfusion dependent. He was then started on intravenous rituximab 375 mg/m2/week. After two treatments, hemoglobin stabilized and transfusion requirement diminished. Figure Figure Rituximab, continued for a total of four weeks, led to complete resolution of hemolytic anemia and associated symptoms. At his last visit, about 8 months after initial rituximab treatment patient continues to be in complete remission. This is the first reported case of mixed type AIHA not responding to steroid therapy with complete response to only one cycle of rituximab. Previous two reports of rituximab use in mixed AIHA have described initial brief response to steroids and the use of rituximab at the time of relapse. In both the cases, response to one cycle of rituximab was short-lived requiring a second cycle of rituximab. Our case demonstrates that severe hemolysis associated with mixed AIHA can be unresponsive to steroid therapy and a single cycle of rituximab may lead to prompt and durable complete remission. Rituximab is an effective treatment for mixed AIHA, especially when immediate response is desired, and merits further evaluation in this setting.
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Jalink, Marit, Sigbjørn Berentsen, Jorge J. Castillo, Steven Treon, Bruno Fattizzo, Ramona Cassin, Masja De Haas, Andrea Patriarca, Shirley D'Sa, and Josephine M. I. Vos. "Effective Treatment of Cold Agglutinin Disease/Cold Agglutinin Syndrome with Ibrutinib: An International Case Series." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-139131.
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Background In cold agglutinin mediated autoimmune hemolytic anemia (cAIHA), anti-red blood cell autoantibodies lead to complement-mediated hemolysis with or without symptoms of acrocyanosis after exposure at low temperatures. cAIHA can be divided into cold agglutinin disease (primary CAD) and cold agglutinin syndrome (CAS). The latter is secondary to diseases such as B-cell malignancies including CLL, infections or autoimmune disorders. In primary CAD, more than 90% of patients have a monoclonal IgM (mostly low level) and often a small bone marrow B-cell clone. There is no approved treatment. For patients with significant hemolytic anemia or acrocyanosis despite thermal protection, rituximab is the most accepted first line treatment with an overall response rate of 50% and median duration of response <1 year. Cytotoxic combinations such as rituximab-bendamustine produce more sustained remissions, although with concerns for long-term adverse effects and stem cell toxicity. Studies involving complement inhibitors are showing promising results on hemolysis, although cold induced peripheral symptoms (IgM mediated rather than complement-mediated) will not improve. Recent international guidelines on cAIHA suggest treatment with the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK)-inhibitor ibrutinib in refractory patients with cAIHA (Jäger et al Blood Rev 2020). Indeed, the underlying pathophysiology of cAIHA suggest that BTK inhibition could be effective. Aims To evaluate the efficacy of ibrutinib on anemia, hemolysis and acrocyanosis in patients with cold agglutinin-mediated AIHA (CAD/CAS). Methods An international retrospective study was undertaken of cAIHA patients (CAD/CAS) treated with BTK inhibition using a preformed questionnaire. For eligible patients, laboratory and clinical data regarding underlying disease, bone marrow pathology, hemolytic parameters and patient-reported acrocyanosis were collected at diagnosis, 30 days, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months and last date of follow up. Hemoglobin (Hb) response was considered none (NR), partial (PR, >2 g/dL Hb increase or >10g/dL) or complete (CR, >12g/dL). Adverse events were graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria, version-5.0 (2017). Results So far, 10 patients with cAIHA treated with a BTK-inhibitor (all involving ibrutinib) could be included in the study. Patients were followed from April 2014 until June 2020 at 5 centers (Italy (2), Norway, The United Kingdom and The United States). Median duration of follow up was 20 months (1-74 months). The main findings are summarized in table 1. The indication to start treatment was cAIHA based in all but 1 case (CLL). Median previous number of therapies was 2. All patients had a complement-mediated hemolytic anemia, 7 were transfusion-dependent, and 7 reported symptoms of acrocyanosis at the initiation of ibrutinib. After initiation of ibrutinib, all patients showed an improvement in hemoglobin (Median rise: 4.4 g/dL) resulting in 1 PR and 9 CR. All 7 transfusion-dependent patients became transfusion independent (5 within 30 days). In all but 1 patient, markers of hemolysis (LDH, bilirubin) improved after initiation of ibrutinib (see Figure 1). All 7 patients with acrocyanosis reported clear clinical improvement, with complete resolution of symptoms in 5. There was 1 adverse event (grade 1 bleeding). Data collection is still ongoing and future updates are expected. Conclusion Data show that ibrutinib is effective in the treatment of cAIHA with a notable and brisk improvement of both the hemolytic anemia as well as the cold induced peripheral symptoms. Although preliminary, these promising data support further research of BTK-inhibitor based treatment of cAIHA (CAD/CAS) in a prospective study. Disclosures Berentsen: Alexion, Apellis, Bioverativ and Janssen-Cilag: Other: Travel grants ; Alexion, Apellis, Bioverativ, Janssen-Cilag, True North Therapeutics: Honoraria; Apellis, Bioverativ, Momenta Pharmaceuticals and True North Therapeutics: Consultancy; Mundipharma: Research Funding. Castillo:TG Therapeutics: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Beigene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Kymera: Consultancy; Abbvie: Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding. Treon:Bristol-Meyer-Squibb: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria, Research Funding. D'Sa:Sanofi: Honoraria; BeiGene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding. OffLabel Disclosure: BTK-inhibitors (ibrutinib/acalabrutinib) are not yet indicated for the use in (primairy) cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia (cAIHA). However it is indicated for use in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) and chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL). Here we report retrospective data on a cohort of cases treated with ibrutinib for cAIHA mostly secondary to WM or CLL.