Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Thérapeutique – Canada – 18e siècle'
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Tésio, Stéphanie. "Pharmacie et univers thérapeutique en Basse-Normandie et dans la vallée du Saint-Laurent au XVIIIème siècle : praticiens, organisation, pratiques : une étude comparative." Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN1445.
Full textBelmessous, Saliha. "D'un préjugé culturel à un préjugé racial : la politique indigène de la France au Canada." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0A20.
Full textContrary to a deep-rooted historiographical myth, the French colonizers’ attitude towards Amerindians was not imbued with benevolence or consideration. The Amerindians were perceived as "savages", socially and culturally inferior to the Europeans; as such, they were first dispossessed of their territory. The failure of the policy of assimilation pursued by the French authorities then consecrated the idea of an immutable savage nature that could not be reformed. In the 18th century, there was an appeal to racial prejudice to explain and understand this failure, which favored the setting up of the Amerindians’ "naturalization" (eg the explanation of their behavior by nature) for political reasons. Their supposed nature was then instrumentalized with a view to various exploitations, the first being of an economic and military nature. The distortion of the native figure also took other turns, in function of the colonizers’ emotional, political and intellectual demands. However, because of an unfavorable situation - maintaining of the natives' sovereignty and British expansionism -, the French colonizers could never extend this exploitation as far as they wanted
Tésio, Stéphanie. "Pharmacie et univers thérapeutique en Basse-Normandie et dans la vallée du Saint-Laurent au XVIIIe siècle : praticiens, organisation, pratiques : une étude comparative." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29501.
Full textFreney, Sylvie. "Les faubourgs et leur évolution du XVIIIe siècle au milieu du XIXe siècle : étude comparée d'Angers et de Montréal." Angers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ANGE0023.
Full textThe goal of this Study on the Suburbs is to demonstrate the importance and the existence of the role of the suburbs had in adjustment and growth of the city between the 18th and mid 19th century. We were able to put three chonological time periods in perspective through the example of the Montreal and Angers suburbs. The first time period dealing with developments leading to the creation of the suburbs, allows them to place themselves around the city. The suburb is then the projection of the city outside of its walls. During the second time period around the end of the 18th century and beginning of the 19th century we are seeing the suburbs becoming more independent and becoming the centre of the city's growth, also, because of the abolition of the ramparts the connection between the city and suburb is fully functional. The city identifying itself to its suburbs, the integration of the suburbs to the city represents the third time period. This stage of integration is marked by the emergence of new significant spaces in the suburbs, spaces close to the notion of district. This work clearly shows that the suburbs are an historical reference from the time of the city, allowing to capture the mecanisms of the city's growth, therefore, it goes beyond being specific and comparative study on the suburbs in two different urban context
Ferland, Catherine. "Bacchus en Canada : boissons, buveurs et ivresses en Nouvelle-France, XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17841.
Full textLemer-Fleury, Alice. "L'Amérique du Nord britannique en métropole (1783-1815) : politiques coloniales et débats publics sur les colonies canadiennes en Angleterre et en Ecosse." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT2043/document.
Full textThis dissertation analyses the way British North Americawas governed and represented in England and Scotlandbetween 1783 and 1815. It is based on the analysis ofthe correspondence of the Secretaries of State incharge of the colonies, on works published bypoliticians, economists and lobbyists, as well as onnewspapers, magazines and reviews. It shows that,after the loss of the thirteen American colonies, theBritish government implemented imperial policies thatwere both a continuation of the pre-war politics andanswers to new challenges that appeared in the age ofRevolutions. The analysis of the British government’spolicy for the Canadian colonies shows that it followedold principles but it also highlights the British imperialproject in North America. In analysing the debates andthe representations of these colonies in the Britishpublic sphere, this study uncovers the presence ofCanada and the interest of the British people, both inEngland and in Scotland, in their transatlanticpossessions after 1783. Through the study of thesepublic debates it becomes possible to reassess the wayBritons considered the settling of British North America,with Highland migrants in particular. Finally, the presentwork shows how the Scots influenced the way theCanadian colonies were administered, debated andrepresented in Britain – but most importantly, itdemonstrates that this Scottish influence wasinstrumental in increasing Britishness at home, at leastin the way the English and the Scots related andreacted to imperial questions in North America
Lessard, Rénald. "Pratique et praticiens en contexte colonial : le corps médical canadien aux 17e et 18e siècles." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17833.
Full textDubois, Paul-André. "Chant et mission en Nouvelle-France : espace et rencontre des cultures." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17927.
Full textOuellet, Marie-Eve. "Et ferez justice : le métier d'intendant au Canada et dans les généralités de Bretagne et de Tours au 18e siècle (1700-1750)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20018/document.
Full textThis thesis consists in a comparative study of the intendant’s métier in Canada and in the généralités of Bretagne and Tours in the first part of the eighteen century (1700-1750). The thesis relies on the intendant to consider the existence of specificities in the exercise of power in the colonial context by comparison with the metropolitan context. Considered by most of the historians of France Ancien Regime as the key person of the political evolution to push through the monarchy from its judicial phase to its « administrative » phase, the intendant of justice, police and finance or commissaire départi is in the core of the debates on absolutism and his front line role in working to centralize the monarchy makes him the ideal subject to observe the real impact of this Regime.The examination of the functioning of the intendancy is an absolute prerequisite to understand the relation between administrators and administered and identifies the State will to control. As part of the defined attributions by his commission, what are the tasks that occupy him concretely? This thesis is about the intendant from the point of view of his pratique, relying on the description of the material produced by the intendant to examine his mechanisms of interventions. Two types of documents are successively analysed, namely the correspondence including the appendix and the working documents, and judgments, including the ordinances and the arrêt du Conseil d’Etat. In this process, we met individuals and groups who require the intervention of the intendant,lifting the veil on the power relationship that ties him to his superiors, to the claimants awaiting justice and to local institutions. This exercise allows to set in new terms the action of this personage on which we knew the attributions and main decisions but much less the underlying logic
Ouellet, Marie-Ève. "L'envers de l'immigration coloniale : le retour en France des habitants du Canada (1632-1750)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19538.
Full textLaflamme, Elisabeth. "L'histoire du mot "fermier" au Québec, du XVIIe au XIXe siècle : le passage du sens de "cultivateur locataire" à celui de "cultivateur propriétaire"." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17838.
Full textChaffray, Stéphanie. "Le corps amérindien dans les relations de voyage en Nouvelle-France au dix-huitième siècle." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040071.
Full textEighteenth-century travel accounts in New France describe the Native body abundantly. By analyzing these documents – mostly created for colonial or ecclesiastical authorities – this study shows that the textual and iconographic representations of the body play an active role in France’s imperial project. Knowledge of the Amerindian body, made it possible to maintain French-Native alliances, which were essential to the empire, and to reinforce the colonial bond. These representations also aimed to position the ‘Other’ remotely, in order to contemplate the colonization process. It appears that the French images of Aboriginal bodies were rich and complex and were much more than simple metaphors, mirrors of oneself, or tools of propaganda; instead, they created the possibility to act out the French colonial reality
Nadeau, Charles André. "La stratégie lors de l'affrontement anglo-américain au Canada (1775-1776) : objets politiques et objectifs militaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25615/25615.pdf.
Full textFoucry, Sophie. "La propriété seigneuriale dans la vallée du Saint-Laurent au XVIIIème siècle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18392.
Full textGiral, Gisela. ""Supplient très humblement-- We humbly beg--" : les pétitions collectives et le développement de la sphère publique au Québec, 1764-1791." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30084/30084.pdf.
Full textThis thesis examines the contribution of collective petitions to the development of Quebec's public sphere in the second half of the eighteenth century. It examines these using the concepts of public, public sphere, public opinion, and spaces of sociability. The study is based on a detailed analysis of some 278 collective petitions from the establishment of civil government in 1764 until the creation of the parliamentary system in 1791. In the absence of traditional representative institutions, collective petitioning to colonial authorities became an essential tool for influencing political and administrative decisions. A long-standing practice in England but rare in New France, collective petitioning allowed for the participation of a broad swathe of the colony's population in the colonial public sphere: old and new subjects, men and women, elites and ordinary people.
Dubois, David. "Les procès-verbaux sur la commodité et l'incommodité des districts paroissiaux de Mathieu Benoît Collet (1721)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17759.
Full textMorin, Maxime. "Devenir "missionnaire des Sauvages" : origines, formation et entrée en fonction des sujets dans les missions amérindiennes du Canada et de l'Acadie (1700-1763)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31745.
Full textFollowing the Treaty of Ryswick, signed in 1697, the on-going rivalry between France and England for control of Atlantic colonial trade directly impacted the North- American political climate. As a result, French authorities established various policies to protect the lands they had claimed from the British until the fall of New France in 1763. One of those policies consisted in strengthening alliances with Native populations settled in the buffer zones between French and British settlements, such as Acadia and the southern part of the Laurentian Valley. As these allies formed the main military forces of the colony until the French and Indian War, the French used all means at their disposal to convince the Natives to aid their cause. In this troubled climate, the relationships between French Catholic missionaries and converted Natives had an undeniable political influence. To preserve loyalty to the Crown, a small number of missionaries were called upon to collaborate with the French administration. In the 18th century, the evangelized Natives included the Praying Indians of Canada, the Abenaki, the Maliseet, the Passamaquoddy and the Mi’kmaq of Acadia. In addition to exercising their expected ministry duties, some of the well-established missionaries also acted as diplomats, informers, interpreters, or chaplains when accompanying the Native warriors. Having analysed 25 profiles of missionaries who contributed to the French-Native relationship during this period, this doctoral thesis explores the pathway leading to a missionary vocation, beginning with its presentation in the educational context to its actual implementation in the field by young priests. It examines and explains the step-by-step process of becoming a “missionnaire des Sauvages” – as they were called in documents at the time – in Canada and Acadia between 1700 and 1763. By retracing the individual journeys of Jesuit, Recollect, or Sulpician missionaries, and also priests from the Seminary of Foreign Missions, we revisit each of the main achievements of this small group, from their origins to their first steps amongst the Natives. This comparative analysis shows that before a missionary from these communities was sent to work with Indigenous populations, candidates first had go through a long selection process, which was constantly altered by the evolving context of the missions. Although these individuals all initially followed a similar path leading them to ministry in Indian communities, their individual experiences were nonetheless unique and bear witness to the wide range of personal itineraries converging towards New France at the time. Whether born in France or in Canada, the missionaries came from various socioeconomic backgrounds. Their academic, ecclesiastical, and religious education shaped them into missionary-priests. Hand-picked during their preparatory studies, the selected individuals had to go through a transit screening process before heading to New France. Once having arrived at their destination, their introduction amongst the Natives of Canada and Acadia was overseen and supervised by their superiors. With their assignment in hand...
Balvay, Arnaud. "L'épée et la plume : Amérindiens et soldats des troupes de la Marine en Louisiane et au Pays d'en Haut (1683-1763)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17953.
Full textLainesse, Louise. "Composer avec l'incertitude : les "presque veuves" à l'heure de la Conquête, 1754-1760." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69019.
Full textThe Seven Years War has been storied and very well documented from a military standpoint. Alas, few historians delved into the human and social perspective of the war that haunted the civilian population of the Saint Lawrence Valley. To this end, this thesis will retrace the life trajectories of a remarkably vulnerable group of civilian to highlight the hazards and consequences of the Seven Years War: the "semi widows". They are defined as the women living in the Saint Laurence Valley whose spouses have been captured, declared missing in action or whose deaths have not been officially recorded. The vulnerability of these women is symptomatic of these troubled times in this patriarchal society as they are neither completely widowed, nor fully married. Thus from the uncertainty of their peculiar marital status, many complex obstacles arose. As substitute householders, the semi widows had to ensure their own survival as well as the survival of their young children despite the constraints of a patriarchal system that sought to limit and to regulate women's power. Social networking appears to be amongst the most important survival strategy implemented by these women to lessen their vulnerability, whether it is pre-existing family solidarities or the creation of a new social network. This thesis will also analyze the geographical mobility of the semi widows as a survival strategy during and after the war.
Didier, Sébastien. "Subdélégués et subdélégations dans l'espace atlantique français : étude comparative des intendances de Caen, Lille, Rennes, Fort-Royal et Québec (fin XVIIe - fin XVIIIe siècle)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20047.
Full textSubdelegates of the intendancies indirectly served the king of France at the local level. The study of their institution in five intendancies offers an original point of view on the Ancien Regime state and its administration. Subdelegations existed in all the provinces of the kingdom: in those known as pays d’éections, pays d’États or pays d’imposition, as well as in the colonies. Studying them makes it possible to question this typology and especially the centralization of the Kingdom of France. By comparative prosopography, 687 subdelegates in the 159 subdelegations of the intendancies of Caen in Lower Normandy, Fort-Royal in the Lesser Antilles, Lille in Flanders, Quebec in Canada and Rennes in Brittany are studied. This method allows for inter-provincial and transatlantic as well as intra-provincial comparisons and a multiscalar analysis of the royal administration. Subdelegations emerge as institutions of intendancy, in the service of the monarchy and exercised by local notables. Taxation, civil justice or administrative litigation, investigations, surveys and statistics, royal militia and corvée, public contracts, epidemics and assistance, supervision of municipalities, many powers concern them. In practice, they varied between provinces and between subdelegations. Everywhere, magistrates, mayors, marine commissioners or other notables served as subdelegates. Between bureaucracy and patronage, they participated in a limited administrative centralization. Subdelegations mainly generated multiple mediations of royal power, transforming it through provincial variations and local translations
Chamayou, Grégoire. "Les corps vils : éthique et politique de l'expérimentation humaine au XVIIIe et XIXe siècles." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070066.
Full textThe vile bodies are prisoners condemned to death, prostitutes, hospital inmates, terminally ills, who historically served as experimental material in the constitution of the modem medical science. This study is about the history of the subjects of the experiments. From the question of the social distribution of risks, we question the link vvhich has been established, in a logic of sacrifice regarding the subjects of Iesser value, between the modem scientific practice and the degradation of certain lives. This work associates an epistemological history of the experimental practice and of its ethical modes of problematisation with a technopolitical history ofthe experimental sciences considered as devices of acquisition. In this history of the power to experiment, the vile bodies intervene at first as "stand-in" for the sovereign, by delegation of its power of life and death. The variolic inoculation, taking the whole population for object, changes this configuration. The emergence of the clinic develops a "contract of assistance" between the classes, the care of the poor allowing the extraction of a transferable cognitive surplus value. The experimental medicine, basing the therapeutic trial on the physiological experiment bases itself on its scientificity. But the development oft he experimental pathology induces an ethical crisis vvhich puts the notion of consent at the core of an acquisition device thought on the contractual model of the work relation. The tendency to the experimentalizafion of the world asks the question of the relationship between medicine and its "externalities". The problem is then the social and political consciousness of the physicians within the industrial society and L during the colonial expansion
Paquet, Lucie. "Pêcheurs du Saint-Laurent, 1713-1763 : les engagés à Québec pour la région de la rive sud du fleuve et du golfe." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29189.
Full textBoutevin, Stéphanie. "La place et les usages de l'écriture chez les Hurons et les Abénakis, 1780-1880." Thèse, Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4302/1/D2242.pdf.
Full textMercier-Méthé, Rosalie. "L'INTENDANT DE LA NOUVELLE-FRANCE ET L'ARCHITECTURE La convenance dans un contexte colonial." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27748/27748.pdf.
Full textMorin, Maxime. "Le rôle politique des abbés Pierre Maillard, Jean-Louis Le Loutre et François Picquet dans les relations franco-amérindiennes à la fin du Régime français (1734-1763)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26720/26720.pdf.
Full textChaleur-Launay, Virginie. "Les Salaberry entre deux empires : l’adaptation d’une famille de la noblesse canadienne-française sous le régime anglais." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL028.
Full textThe mid-eighteenth century marked a break in Canada's history. After two centuries of French presence, the country came under British domination at the end of the Seven Years' War after New France’s defeat. This shift in dominance brought about structural upheavals in the country's social landscape, particularly affecting the elites, most of whom were military officers in charge of maintaining order and domination on the territory, and representatives of the royal power. Often of noble origin, they embodied a code of conduct and an undeniable cultural model. The loss of the central position they hold in Canadian society raised the question of their adaptation under the British regime, which is studied in this thesis through the example of the Salaberry family. This family presents an atypical profile: it was affiliated with the French nobility but was close to the English prince Edward Duke of Kent and it counted among its ranks a hero of a battle fought during the war of 1812-1815. This study, based on personal documents, including a large correspondence as well as many notarized documents, allows to critically examine the intimacy of a family of the Canadian nobility at the turn of the 19th century. In doing so it helps to identify and trace the development of family and social behaviors. This case study also allows for an analysis of the political and professional adaptation of French elites through the participation in the workings of the new regime and their linguistic and religious acculturation during the first decades of the British regime in the Quebec Province
Blouin, Annie. "Les exigences pastorales de Mgr de Saint-Vallier envers ses prêtres, 1685-1727." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ38027.pdf.
Full textBergeron, Geneviève C. "Victoires au fort William-Henry (1757) : les alliés amérindiens et la guerre de Sept Ans." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28600.
Full textMoncion, Benoît. "L'humour de Joseph Quesnel (1746-1809) : naissance de l'écrivain canadien." Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3108/1/M9677.pdf.
Full textOuellet, Marie-Eve. "«Et ferez justice» : le métier d’intendant au Canada et dans les généralités de Bretagne et de Tours au 18e siècle (1700-1750)." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11636.
Full textThis thesis consists in a comparative study of the intendant’s métier in Canada and in the généralités of Bretagne and Tours in the first part of the eighteenth century (1700-1750). The thesis relies on the intendant to consider the existence of specificities in the exercise of power in the colonial context by comparison with the metropolitan context. Considered by most of the historians of France Ancien Regime as the key person of the political evolution to push through the monarchy from its judicial phase to its « administrative » phase, the intendant of justice, police and finance or commissaire départi is in the core of the debates on absolutism and his front line role in working to centralize the monarchy makes him the ideal subject to observe the real impact of this Regime. The examination of the functioning of the intendancy is an absolute prerequisite to understand the relation between administrators and administered and identifies the State will to control. As part of the defined attributions by his commission, what are the tasks that occupy him concretely? This thesis is about the intendant from the point of view of his pratique, relying on the description of the material produced by the intendant to examine his mechanisms of interventions. Two types of documents are successively analysed, namely the correspondence including the appendix and the working documents, and judgments, including the ordinances and the arrêt du Conseil d’Etat. In this process, we met individuals and groups who require the intervention of the intendant, lifting the veil on the power relationship that ties him to his superiors, to the claimants awaiting justice and to local institutions. This exercise allows to set in new terms the action of this personage on which we knew the attributions and main decisions but much less the underlying logic.
Boudriau, Marc-Antoine. "Sources et limites du pouvoir des officiers de milice dans les campagnes canadiennes sous le régime français (1705-1765)." Mémoire, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5452/1/M12977.pdf.
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