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Academic literature on the topic 'Thérapie antirétrovirale hautement active'
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Journal articles on the topic "Thérapie antirétrovirale hautement active"
Kombe, Gilbert, John Fieno, Paurvi Bhatt, and Jessica Smith. "La thérapie antirétrovirale hautement active, voie de passage vers l'éducation pour tous en Afrique subsaharienne." Revue internationale des sciences sociales 186, no. 4 (2005): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/riss.186.0671.
Full textDatta, G. D., C. Delpierre, I. Kawachi, T. Lang, and P. Grosclaude. "Aggravation des inégalités de survie au cours de l’infection à VIH aux États-Unis après l’introduction d’une innovation thérapeutique : les thérapies antirétrovirales hautement actives (HAART)." Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 56, no. 5 (2008): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2008.06.220.
Full textLanoys, E., M. Mary-Krause, P. Tattevin, et al. "A4-5 Impact sur la survie de la prise en charge tardive des patients infectés par le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine à l’ère des thérapies antirétrovirales hautement actives." Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 52 (September 2004): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0398-7620(04)99124-9.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Thérapie antirétrovirale hautement active"
Kouanfack, Charles. "Accès au traitement antirétroviral en Afrique : le cas du Cameroun." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON1T024.
Full textAlthough access to Antiretroviral therapy for Persons Living with HIV (PLHIV) in low income countries has been increasing, there still remain many challenges. In this framework our thesis carried in Cameroon was based on patient adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), HIV reistance to ART and decentralization of ART availability to district rural hospitals. We demonstrated that adherencemeasured using a face-te-face questionnaire (classical methode) does not correlate with the virological response when compared to plasma concentration measurement of medication. On the other hand our study of resistance of HIV to ART revealed a relatively low level of resistance (4,4% after 12 months and 16,9% after 24 months of treatment) in patients follow-up on a routine basis, that the WHO recommended second line ART regimens were efficient in almost all the patients (96%) with previous major resistance, and that the WHO recommended threshold for viral load to switch ART regimens in case of therapeutic failure in the absence of resistance test was adequate in 70% of cases. Finally, we observed that 1/4 of patients placed on ART based on WHO recommended criteria for decentralized zones had CD4 counts greater than 350 cells/ml
Tran, Tu-Anh. "Mécanismes de persistance du VIH chez les patients sous traitement anti-rétroviral prolongé et efficace." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077095.
Full textThe aim of our work was to study the mechanisms for HIV persistance in patients on long-term and effective HAART. During long-term HAART, HIV persists latently in a small pool of resting long-lived CD4 T cells. This invariably leads to rebound viral replication when HAART is discontinued and represents a major barrier to curing the infection. Here we examined the place of quiescent CD25hi FoxP3⁺ regulatory CD4 T cells (Tregs) in this latent reservoir Even after 8 years of effective HAART, we found latently infected Tregs with integrated replication-competent virus. Regardless of the time on HAART, latently infected cells appear more abundant in the Treg subset than in non-Tregs. This may be related to Treg features such as hyporesponsiveness and inhibition of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-related functions upon activation. The estimated half-life of the Treg and non-Treg reservoirs was similar, at 20 and 23 months respectively. We have demonstrated in vitro the effectiveness of the Histone deacetylase inhibitors in inducing viral expression in quiescent Tregs without full cell activation, making them accessible to CTL In this work, we also demonstrated that double LTR episomal HIV DNA was not stable and should be considered as potential markers of residual HIV replication during HAART
Ateba, ndongo Francis. "Traitement antirétroviral précoce des nourrissons infectés par le VIH-1 : évaluation de la réponse virologique à court et moyen termes dans un pays d’Afrique sub-saharienne (Cameroun) Could caregiver reporting adherence help detect virological failure in Cameroonian early treated HIV-infected infants Virological response to early combined antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected infants: evaluation after 2 years of treatment in the PEDIACAM study, Cameroon Low Birth Weight in Perinatally HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants: Observations in Urban Settings in Cameroon Feasibility of Routinely Offering Early Combined Antiretroviral Therapy to HIV-infected Infants in a Resource-limited Country: The ANRS-PediaCAM Study in Cameroon Different factors associated with loss to follow-up of infants born to HIV-infected or uninfected mothers: observations from the ANRS12140-PEDIACAM study in Cameroon Cytomegalovirus infection in HIV-infected versus non-infected infants and HIV disease progression in Cytomegalovirus infected versus non-infected infants early treated with cART in the ANRS 12140—Pediacam study in Cameroon." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS322.
Full textIntroduction: Since 2015, the WHO recommends to start antiretroviral treatment promptly in all HIV-infected children in order to reduce HIV related mortality. Despite increasing availability of screening tests and antiretroviral drugs, early initiation of antiretroviral treatment (ART) remains challenging in resource-limited countries. The ANRS 12140-Pediacam study assesses feasibility, effectiveness and tolerability in routine practice of early treatment of HIV-infected children in Cameroon. Objectives: The objectives of this thesis are to study mortality and virologic response at 2 and 4 years of early initiation of ART in HIV-infected infants and identify factors associated with virologic success. Methods: The analysis concerned the 190 HIV-infected infants who have initiated ART no later than 1 year (median=4 months) and were enrolled in the 3 Cameroon clinical sites involved in the PEDIACAM prospective cohort study since 2007. The first study evaluated adherence criterium based on the number of missed doses as reported through an adherence questionnaire in oerder to detect virologic failure in infants. The second study concerned the evaluation of the frequency and the factors associated with virologic success and mortality at 2 years of ART initiation, using competing risk regression. The third study concerned the evolution of virologic response between 2 and 4 years of QRT initiation depending on virologic status achieved at 2 years of ART initiation. Results: The performances of adherence questionnaire administered to the infant's caregiver are limited; the positive predictive value is low for detecting virologic failure in the absence of viral load exam. The mortality is high at 1 year after early ART initiation (18.0% [95% CI: 13.0 – 24.0]). The mortality is 3.3% [95%CI: 0.4 – 6.2] between 2 and 4 years of ART initiation. The probability of achieving at least once virologic success within the first 2 years of ART is around 80.0% but the probability of maintaining virologic success for at least 6 months was 67% for threshold=1000 copies/mL and 60% for threshold=400 copies/mL. At 4 years of ART initiation, the proportion of virologic success (viral load<400 copies/mL) is 75.2% [68.3-82.1]) in the 144 children still alive among whom viral load exam was not performed. The only factor associated with virologic success at 2 years of ART initiation is good adherence as reported by the caregiver. Et seuls un succès virologique obtenu à 2 ans et l’initiation plus récente du traitement antirétroviral sont associés à un charge virale contrôlée à 4 ans.Conclusion: Although the interest of early ART in HIV-infected infants is demonstrated, the mid and long term virologic success pass through strategies enhancing supporting steady and daily administration of drugs and regular monitoring of virologic response. The steady evaluation of adherence as reported by questionnaire has a very low performance for early detecting virologic failure. It is urgent to widely get access to routine viral load exam in resource-limited countries for quickly detecting virologic failures in children receiving antiretroviral treatment
Brice, Joséphine. "Caractérisation du réservoir viral et des anticorps chez des enfants infectés par le VIH en suppression virologique au Mali." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS506.
Full textAbsence of detectable HIV viremia treatment cessation in 3 children suggests that very early could lead to functional cure. The main objective is to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize viral reservoir and anti-HIV-1 antibodies virologically suppressed children in order to identify factors associated with their decrease. This is a prospective cross-sectional study included 97 children at the Gabriel Touré University Hospital (Bamako, Mali). They had a median age of 9.8 years at time of inclusion and 3.3 years at treatment initiation with a median HAART duration of 5.4 years. The median total HIV-DNA level was 445 copies/106 PBMCs, the median anti-gp41 antibodies activity was 0.29 optical density and the median HIV antibody level was 14.1 S/CO. We showed a high prevalence of HIV-1 resistance in HIV-DNA. Eight seroreversions were identified. A low anti-gp41 antibody activity was associated with both a younger age at HAART initiation and a lower level of anti-HIV antibodies. A lower anti-HIV antibodies level was associated with a younger age at HAART initiation. A significant proportion of virologically suppressed VHIV children who initiated HAART before the age of 2 years stopped to produce and/or progressively lost the HIV antibodies
Gallien, Sébastien. "Mutations secondaires lors des traitements antirétroviraux des patients infectés par le VIH-1 du groupe M : significations cliniques de l'échappement viral." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077219.
Full textVirologic failure, defined as a persistent detectable viremia under antiretroviral therapy, is mainly driven by the emergence of antiretroviral Drug Resistance-Associated Mutations (DRAM) in the target genes of antiretroviral drugs. Identifying these mutations usually requires viremia above 1000 copies/mL, explaining why resistance data in persistent HIV-1 low-level viremia (LLV) (< 1000 copies / ml) are scarce in spite of the fact that this clinical situation concerns 5 to 10 % of treated HIV-infected individuals. In this work, we studied DRAM in 3 cohorts of HIV-1 infected patients, who experienced LLV (< 500 to 1000 copies/ml) under antirétroviral therapy, and then attempted to identify clinical and virologic factors associated to their emergence. For patients receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy, new DRAM are detected during LLV in 37% subjects, all in the reverse transcriptase gene except in the protease gene in one participant, and detection of new DRAM is associated with higher HIV-1 RNA levels during LLV. Integrase inhibitors resistance-associated mutations are newly detected in 7,7 % of pretreated patients with multi-resistant virus strains who experienced LLV while receiving raltegravir-containing therapy, with no factors significantly associated with their emergence identified. Finally in a third cohort of patients, heterogeneous according to their antiretroviral history and their viral population, new DRAM are detected in 30 % of subjects for both reverse transcriptase, protease and integrase inhibitors, without any factor associated to their emergence. So, new DRAM can be detected during LLV under antiretroviral therapy, whereas their type and their frequency vary according to the current antiretroviral regimen and the previous archived viral mutations. These data underline the potential interest of drug résistance genotyping in this setting, in order to be able to provide an early therapeutic optimization, the utility of which should be assessed in the future
Pélerin, Hélène. "Les inhibiteurs de la protéase du VIH-1, les analogues non nucléosidiques de la transcriptase inverse du VIH-1 et la barrière hémato-encéphalique au cours de l'infection à VIH-1 : impact des protéines de détoxification dans la biodisponibilité cérabrale des antirétroviraux." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA114825.
Full textThe use of protease inhibitors (PIs) or non-nucleoside inhibitors (NNRTIs), appeared to protect specifically against acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome dementia complex, suggesting that, in this condition, therapy might have a direct, additive effect in the central nervous system (CNS). However, several evidences suggest that these drugs and more particularly PIs are limited CNS or cerebrospinal fluid penetration due to the presence of efflux proteins like ABC multidrug transporters (P-gp, MRPs, BCRP) at level of the BBB and epithelial plexus choroïde. Evidence from in vitro and in vivo experiments has failed to resolve whether ARV CNS penetration and cerebrospinal fluid virologic suppression are clinically important. Using a new analytical method and a new in vitro human BBB model, we demonstrated the involvement of P-gp, BCRP and CYP3A4 in a limited passage of APV, EFV and NFV through the BBB