Journal articles: 'Thermal and hydric condtions'

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Dao, Kalifala, Moussa Ouedraogo, Younoussa Millogo, Jean-Emmanuel Aubert, and Moussa Gomina. "Thermal, hydric and mechanical behaviours of adobes stabilized with cement." Construction and Building Materials 158 (January 2018): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.10.001.

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Lamarca, Edmir V., Juliana S. Prataviera, Igor F. Borges, Liliana F. Delgado, Carmen C. Teixeira, Marcelo B. P. de Camargo, José M. R. Faria, and Claudio J. Barbedo. "Maturation of Eugenia pyriformis seeds under different hydric and thermal conditions." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 85, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652013005000006.

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This study aims to analyze the maturation and dispersal of Eugenia pyriformis Cambess. seeds produced in different years, and the influence of variation in thermal and hydric environment on seed physical and physiological characteristics at dispersal. Fruits at different developmental stages were harvested in the city of São Paulo between 2003 and 2010, as well as in the cities of Campinas and Lavras, in 2009 and 2010 and analyzed for size and color. The seeds were extracted from the fruits and their dry mass, water content, germination and vigor were assessed. Results showed that seed maturation is unsynchronized to the maturation of the fruit, taking 45 days on average (430 growing degree-days), longer in rainy times or lower temperatures. Seeds with higher physiological quality were produced in rainy years and when the temperature range was larger. We concluded therefore that hydric and thermal environmental variations during development influence the maturation of Eugenia pyriformis seeds and are able to determine the formation cycle and the final seed quality.

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Zaharia, Adrian, Denisa Jucan, and Erzsebet Buta. "Reaction of Sedum spurium „Purpurteppich” Exposed to Thermal and Hydric Stress." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture 73, no. 2 (November 30, 2016): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:12365.

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A cultivar of sedum was used in this experience. Stems were harvested from normally developed plants and were exposed to extreme conditions of temperature and draught. Results show that the plants lost significant quantities of water by physiological processes from one day to another, their weight varying from 16.8 g to 47.9 g.

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Hashimoto, Hiromu, and Yuta Sunami. "MoC-1-3 OPTIMIZATION OF WINDING CONDTIONS FOR PREVENTING ROLL DEFECTS CAUSED BY THERMAL-VISCOELASTIC PROPERTY." Proceedings of JSME-IIP/ASME-ISPS Joint Conference on Micromechatronics for Information and Precision Equipment : IIP/ISPS joint MIPE 2015 (2015): _MoC—1–3–1—_MoC—1–3–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemipe.2015._moc-1-3-1.

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Forestieri, Giulia, and Mónica Álvarez de Buergo. "Infrared Thermography technique (IRT) for the evaluation of the hydric behavior of building stones." ACTA IMEKO 7, no. 3 (October 24, 2018): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v7i3.559.

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The water distribution into stone specimens in laboratory conditions is evaluated through the infrared thermography method (IRT). Porous building stones samples (calcarenite and sandstone) are examined under stable laboratory conditions (controlled temperature and relative humidity) in order to simulate the same hydric behavior in real scale of material systems <em>in situ.</em> Hydric tests monitored through IRT are performed in order to analyze the capillary water absorption and evaporation transport phenomena into stone samples. IRT technique allows to record thermal images at different intervals of time highlighting the internal capillary and evaporation rise heights, responsible for the majority of decay processes occurring in masonries. The geometric shape of the damped area and the time of spreading are directly related to the open porosity of the investigated stone materials. Hydric tests are repeated for each splitting plane of the specimens (faces), in order to obtain useful results that could be applied for real masonries. Results demonstrate the usefulness of IRT as a non-destructive and portable technique in the field of new construction and for restoration purposes, as well as its importance in characterizing the physical stone features and the effectiveness of applied conservation treatments.

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Tesárek, Pavel, Jaroslava Drchalová, Jiří Kolísko, Pavla Rovnaníková, and Robert Černý. "Flue gas desulfurization gypsum: Study of basic mechanical, hydric and thermal properties." Construction and Building Materials 21, no. 7 (July 2007): 1500–1509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.05.009.

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Brendel, Andrea Soledad, Ricardo Alfredo del Barrio, Francisco Mora, Elmer Adolfo Orrego León, Johaner Rosales Flores, and José Antonio Campoy. "Current agro-climatic potential of Patagonia shaped by thermal and hydric patterns." Theoretical and Applied Climatology 142, no. 3-4 (August 16, 2020): 855–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00704-020-03350-w.

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Mňahončáková, Eva, Milena Pavlíková, Stefania Grzeszczyk, Pavla Rovnanı´ková, and Robert Černý. "Hydric, thermal and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete containing different fillers." Construction and Building Materials 22, no. 7 (July 2008): 1594–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.03.016.

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Bamogo, Halidou, Moussa Ouedraogo, Issiaka Sanou, Jean-Emmanuel Aubert, and Younoussa Millogo. "Physical, Hydric, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Earth Renders Amended with Dolomitic Lime." Materials 15, no. 11 (June 6, 2022): 4014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15114014.

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The global objective of this work was to manufacture resistant and durable (water resistant) earth renders with good thermal insulation. For this purpose, a medium plastic clayey soil from Kôdéni (Burkina Faso), constituted by kaolinite (62 wt.%), quartz (31 wt.%), and goethite (2 wt.%), was mixed with dolomitic lime (up to 6 wt.%) to manufacture earth renders. The mineralogical, microstructural, and chemical characteristics of dolomitic lime, as well as the physical (linear shrinkage, apparent density, and accessible porosity), hydric (water absorption test by capillarity and spray test), thermal (thermal conductivity), and mechanical (abrasion resistance, flexural, and compressive strengths) properties of the earth renders were evaluated. From these studies, it appears that the addition of dolomitic lime induces the formation of calcium silicate (CSH) and magnesium silicate (MSH) hydrates. These CSH and MSH are mainly formed from the pozzolanic reaction between finely ground quartz and the weak silica of kaolinite in basic media. These formed hydrates improve the physical, hydric, thermal, and mechanical properties of earth renders. This improvement is due to the fact that the formed CSH and MSH stick to the isolated particles of the soil, making them more compact. In view of the good mechanical strength and water resistance, as well as the low thermal conductivity, the elaborated earth renders are suitable for habitats with dry climates, such as the Sahel.

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SBÎRCIOG, Gicuța. "The Influence of Soil Humidity Stress on Eggplant Crop." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture 74, no. 1 (May 19, 2017): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:12057.

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In order to meet consumption requirements, according to the crops destination and way of preparing the fruits, the eggplant breeding process aims at obtaining some cultivars properly adapted to the climate and soil conditions from different culture areas. Â In this context, the selection of genotypes which are tolerant to the thermal and hydric stress represents a major objective of the eggplant breeding.

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Bonnet, Xavier. "Repeated use of high risk nesting areas in the European whip snake, Hierophis viridiflavus." Herpetological Journal, Volume 31, Number 3 (July 1, 2021): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33256/31.3.142150.

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Oviparous snakes deposit their egg clutches in sites sheltered from predation and from strong thermal and hydric fluctuations. Appropriate laying sites with optimum thermal and hydric conditions are generally scarce and are not necessarily localised in the home range. Thus, many gravid females undertake extensive trips for oviposition, and many may converge at the best egg laying sites. Dispersal mortality of neonates post-hatchling is also a critical factor. Assessing the parameters involved in this intergenerational trade-off is difficult however, and no study has succeeded in embracing all of them. Here we report data indicating that gravid females of the highly mobile European whip snake, Hierophis viridiflavus exhibit nest site fidelity whereby they repeatedly deposit their eggs in cavities under sealed roads over many decades. These anthropogenic structures provide benefits of relative safety and suitable incubation conditions (due to the protective asphalted layer?), but they expose both females and neonates to high risk of road mortality. Artificial laying sites constructed at appropriate distances from busy roads, along with artificial continuous well protected pathways (e.g. dense hedges) that connect risky laying sites to safer areas, should be constructed.

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Pedergnana, Matthieu, and Soofia Tahira Elias Ozkan. "Hygro-Thermal, Hydric, and Mechanical Properties of Fibre and Aggregate-Reinforced Earth Plasters." International Journal of Digital Innovation in the Built Environment 10, no. 2 (July 2021): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdibe.2021070103.

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Earth plasters have been used as a protective coating for buildings but, due to their low strength and low resistance to weather conditions, they have been abandoned for more resistant materials which in return lack vapour permeability. Earth plasters have usually a high moisture sorption rate, and their water vapour permeability is high, allowing the transfer of humidity through the material. These properties make them an interesting material for controlling vapour movement in humid rooms. Improving their strength can be done by adding aggregates and/or fibres, but the real impact of using one type or another of fibres or aggregate is unknown. This research aims to understand the consequence of the choice of fibre or sand in the improvement of strength of plasters and the conservation of the plaster hygro-thermal properties. Properties of plasters using alternative fibres or aggregates such as wool, cow hair, pine needles, sand aimed for concrete mixes, or not properly graded sand have been compared to plasters made more traditionally with chaff fibres and mason sand.

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AL-NADDAF, M. "THE EFFECT OF SALTS ON THERMAL AND HYDRIC DILATATION OF POROUS BUILDING STONE." Archaeometry 51, no. 3 (June 2009): 495–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.2008.00407.x.

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Ferroukhi, Mohammed Yacine, Rafik Belarbi, and Karim Limam. "Effect of Hygrothermal Transfer on Multilayer Walls Behavior, Assessment of Condensation Risk." Advanced Materials Research 1051 (October 2014): 647–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1051.647.

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Good insulation of envelopes in new or rehabilitated buildings represents one of the major issues in reducing the energy consumption in the construction sector. In order to ensure better insulation, a material compatible with the wall must be chosen to guarantees both good thermal insulation and reduction of humidity risk.This study reviews the risks related to moisture, particularly those related to condensation one occurring in buildings. Two stages were conducted during the study. Firstly, a coupled heat, air and moisture transfer model in a multilayer wall was developed. This model took into account both the discontinuity at the interfaces between the wall layers and the evolution of material properties depending on the water content. Then, applications to assess hygrothermal behavior of multilayer walls and predict of condensation risk into them were examined.Secondly, a parametric study was achieved on hygrothermal properties of insulation materials. The objective of this second stage was to evaluate sensitivity magnitude of different material properties on hygrothermal behavior of multilayers walls.This study focused on the most influential thermal and hydric properties in hygrothermal transfer model. Thus, thermal conductivity for heat transfer, total moisture permeability and moisture capacity to hydric transfer were selected.Finally, simulation results were analyzed and conclusions were derived on the effect of key parameters on the hygrothermal behavior in the walls and the conditions causing condensation risk to increase.

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Finkler, Michael S., Anthony C. Steyermark, and Kate E. Jenks. "Geographic variation in snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina serpentina) egg components across a longitudinal transect." Canadian Journal of Zoology 82, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z04-002.

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Common snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina serpentina) have an extensive range across North America, inhabiting aquatic habitats in diverse thermal and hydric climates. Although geographic variation in reproductive characters such as female size, clutch size, and egg mass have been investigated, little is known about geographic variation in egg components. In this study, we examined variation in the water content, solid content, and shell mass of snapping turtle eggs from four populations dispersed along a longitudinal geographic transect (Pennsylvania, Michigan, Minnesota, and Nebraska). Initial egg mass and dry shell mass were similar among these four populations. However, water contents of eggs correlated positively with longitude, whereas dry content mass correlated negatively with longitude. Moreover, water content of eggs correlated negatively with the average number of days per year where average air temperatures exceeded 15 °C in a particular region (an indicator of regional thermal climate), and dry content of eggs correlated positively with both the number of days per year where average air temperatures exceeded 15 °C and the average total precipitation for the months of May through September (an indicator of regional hydric climate). These findings suggest that egg content (and perhaps egg quality) in this wide-ranging species of turtle varies in a manner reflecting differences in climate.

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Lange, Léa, François Brischoux, and Olivier Lourdais. "Midwife toads (Alytes obstetricans) select their diurnal refuges based on hydric and thermal properties." Amphibia-Reptilia 41, no. 2 (June 12, 2020): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-20201246.

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Abstract Most amphibians use both aquatic and terrestrial habitats. While the aquatic phase attracted considerable interest, terrestrial habitat use is often less investigated. We studied diurnal refuge selection in the Midwife toad in Western central France. We used a factorial design and tested the effect of refuge type (wood versus rubber boards) and substrate (wet sawdust versus bare soil). Most animals were observed under refuges with sawdust substrate. An interaction between refuge type and temperature was detected with higher presence probability under rubber refuges at low temperature. Conflicting hydric and thermic requirements are likely determinants of the observed pattern.

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Drchalová, Jaroslava, Eva Mňahončáková, Roman Vejmelka, Jiřı́ Kolı́sko, Patrik Bayer, and Robert Černý. "Hydric and mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced cement composites subjected to thermal load." Construction and Building Materials 18, no. 8 (October 2004): 567–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2004.04.015.

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Mekaideche, K., F.-E. M. Derfouf, A. Laimeche, and N. Abou-Bekr. "Influence of the Hydric State and Lime Treatment on the Thermal Conductivity of a Calcareous Tufa." Civil Engineering Journal 7, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 419–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2021-03091663.

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An experimental study was conducted to investigate changes of thermal conductivity of a raw and lime-treated calcareous tufa (north-west of Algeria) during drying process. Treated (with 4% of lime) and untreated samples were prepared by static compaction at the Standard Proctor Optimum (SPO), Modified Proctor Optimum (MPO) and at a constant stress level of 4 MPa. Transient Hot Wire (THW) method was used to measure the thermal conductivity and the water content and degree of saturation of samples were determined at various drying times. Results show that the drying process induces a decrease in thermal conductivity. This parameter seems to vary linearly with the water content and the degree of saturation. In addition, it was found that the lime treatment leads also to a decrease in the thermal conductivity. Thus, the drying process and the lime treatment will jointly contribute to the reduction of the thermal conductivity of the studied material in such a way that it is more insulating than some traditional building materials like concrete or fired bricks. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091663 Full Text: PDF

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Pereira, E. M. A., J. V. Silva, J. P. S. Santos, T. H. F. Andrade, and A. G. Barbosa de Lima. "Drying of Castor Bean Fruits (Ricinus communis L., "BRS Energia" Variety): An Experimental Investigation." Defect and Diffusion Forum 371 (February 2017): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.371.31.

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This work aims to realize an experimental investigation of the drying of castor bean fruits (Ricinus communis L., “BRS Energia” variety) in oven. Results of the average moisture content and surface temperature of the product as a function of time were analyzed for different drying air temperatures (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100°C). Results shows that increasing drying temperature and decreasing air relative humidity we have an increases in the drying rate and more quickly the castor fruits reaches both thermal and hygroscopic equilibrium. It was found that high drying rates generates hydric and thermal stresses inside the product, causing cracks and deformations in the castor bean fruits.

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Deltoro, Vicente I., Angeles Calatayud, Cristina Gimeno, and Eva Barreno. "Water relations, chlorophyll fluorescence, and membrane permeability during desiccation in bryophytes from xeric, mesic, and hydric environments." Canadian Journal of Botany 76, no. 11 (November 1, 1998): 1923–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-167.

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The interactions among water content, chlorophyll a fluorescence emission, and potassium leakage were analyzed during dehydration in desiccation-tolerant bryophytes from xeric habitats (Hedwigia ciliata (Hedw.) P. Beauv., Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw., Leucodon sciuroides (Hedw.) Schwaegr., Orthotrichum cupulatum Brid., Pleurochaete squarrosa (Brid.) Lindb., Porella platyphylla (L.) Pfeiff., and Tortula ruralis (Hedw.) Gaertn., Meyer & Scherb.) and desiccation-intolerant bryophytes from mesic and hydric environments (Barbula ehrenbergii (Lor.) Fleisch., Cinclidotus aquaticus (Hedw.) B. & S., Conocephalum conicum (L.) Underw., Lunularia cruciata (L.) Dum. ex Lindb., Palustriella commutata (Hedw.) Ochyra, Philonotis calcarea (B. & S.) Schimp., and Rhynchostegium riparioides (Hedw.) Card.). Their fluorescence characteristics at low water content were low efficiency of photosynthetic quantum conversion, closed photosystem II reaction centers, and strong nonphotochemical quenching only in desiccation-tolerant species. Full restoration of fluorescence parameters upon rewatering in species from xeric environments indicated that the photosynthetic apparatus was fully functional after desiccation. Species from hydric and mesic habitats were unable to restore photochemical activity. This might be a consequence of photoinhibition but also of membrane damage, as indicated by the large leakage of potassium. It is suggested that the capacity to enhance thermal energy dissipation during dehydration might have evolved in species from xeric environments as an adaptation to the utilization of an erratic supply of water. This protective strategy would lower the probability of photodamage during water loss and thus maintain the photosynthetic apparatus in a quickly recuperable state.Key words: bryophytes, chlorophyll fluorescence, dehydration, desiccation tolerance, thermal energy dissipation.

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Marmoret, Laurent. "Assessment of hydrothermal performance by thermophysical characterization of a crimped glass wool building insulation." Journal of Building Physics 40, no. 5 (July 27, 2016): 401–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744259116649322.

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There is a need for experimental determination of thermophysical properties to bridge the gap between theoretically prediction and performance of insulating materials in buildings. This investigation concerns the study of hydrothermal performance of glass wool, a widely used insulation on the world market. It has been shown the low sensitivity of glass wool to water vapor, low hygroscopicity, and low permeability. On the other hand, the liquid permeability of glass wool is important. Obviously, the presence of liquid is generally accidental and should be prevented by good workmanship. Thermal characterization (conductivity and diffusivity) by hot disk, a transient technique, has been determined as a function of water. The effect of vapor phase water on thermal properties is not significant. Thermal conductivity increases by a factor 2 when liquid water is present in the insulation. It is shown that the hot disk method is useful to determine thermal characterization of insulation materials. Variations of thermal conductivity with water content have been explained from hydric characterization.

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Bigeard, Guillaume, Benoit Coudert, Jonas Chirouze, Salah Er-Raki, Gilles Boulet, Eric Ceschia, and Lionel Jarlan. "Ability of a soil–vegetation–atmosphere transfer model and a two-source energy balance model to predict evapotranspiration for several crops and climate conditions." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23, no. 12 (December 13, 2019): 5033–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-5033-2019.

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Abstract. The heterogeneity of Agroecosystems, in terms of hydric conditions, crop types and states, and meteorological forcing, is difficult to characterize precisely at the field scale over an agricultural landscape. This study aims to perform a sensitivity study with respect to the uncertain model inputs of two classical approaches used to map the evapotranspiration of agroecosystems: (1) a surface energy balance (SEB) model, the Two-Source Energy Balance (TSEB) model, forced with thermal infrared (TIR) data as a proxy for the crop hydric conditions, and (2) a soil–vegetation–atmosphere transfer (SVAT) model, the SEtHyS model, where hydric conditions are computed from a soil water budget. To this end, the models' skill was compared using a large and unique in situ database covering different crops and climate conditions, which was acquired over three experimental sites in southern France and Morocco. On average, the models provide 30 min estimations of latent heat flux (LE) with a RMSE of around 55 W m−2 for TSEB and 47 W m−2 for SEtHyS, and estimations of sensible heat flux (H) with a RMSE of around 29 W m−2 for TSEB and 38 W m−2 for SEtHyS. A sensitivity analysis based on realistic errors aimed to estimate the potential decrease in performance induced by the spatialization process. For the SVAT model, the multi-objective calibration iterative procedure (MCIP) is used to determine and test different sets of parameters. TSEB is run with only one set of parameters and provides acceptable performance for all crop stages apart from the early growing season (LAI < 0.2 m2 m−2) and when hydric stress occurs. An in-depth study on the Priestley–Taylor key parameter highlights its marked diurnal cycle and the need to adjust its value to improve flux partitioning between the sensible and latent heat fluxes (1.5 and 1.25 for France and Morocco, respectively). Optimal values of 1.8–2 were highlighted under cloudy conditions, which is of particular interest due to the emergence of low-altitude drone acquisition. Under developed vegetation (LAI > 0.8 m2 m−2) and unstressed conditions, using sets of parameters that only differentiate crop types is a valuable trade-off for SEtHyS. This study provides some scientific elements regarding the joint use of both approaches and TIR imagery, via the development of new data assimilation and calibration strategies.

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Stahlschmidt, Z., and D. F. DeNardo. "Parental behavior in pythons is responsive to both the hydric and thermal dynamics of the nest." Journal of Experimental Biology 213, no. 10 (April 30, 2010): 1691–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.041095.

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Gutzke, William H. N., and Gary C. Packard. "Influence of the Hydric and Thermal Environments on Eggs and Hatchlings of Bull Snakes Pituophis melanoleucus." Physiological Zoology 60, no. 1 (January 1987): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/physzool.60.1.30158624.

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TRACY, CHRISTOPHER R., KEITH A. CHRISTIAN, NICOLE BURNIP, BEAU J. AUSTIN, ALYSSA CORNALL, SEBASTIAN IGLESIAS, STEPHEN J. REYNOLDS, THOMAS TIXIER, and CAMILLE LE NOËNE. "Thermal and hydric implications of diurnal activity by a small tropical frog during the dry season." Austral Ecology 38, no. 4 (June 4, 2012): 476–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2012.02416.x.

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FLATT, THOMAS, RICHARD SHINE, PEDRO A. BORGES-LANDAEZ, and SHARON J. DOWNES. "Phenotypic variation in an oviparous montane lizard (Bassiana duperreyi): the effects of thermal and hydric incubation environments." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 74, no. 3 (November 2001): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2001.tb01396.x.

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Vejmelková, Eva, Martin Keppert, Zbyněk Keršner, Pavla Rovnaníková, and Robert Černý. "Mechanical, fracture-mechanical, hydric, thermal, and durability properties of lime–metakaolin plasters for renovation of historical buildings." Construction and Building Materials 31 (June 2012): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.12.084.

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FLATT, T. "Phenotypic variation in an oviparous montane lizard (Bassiana duperreyi): the effects of thermal and hydric incubation environments." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 74, no. 3 (November 2001): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bijl.2001.0581.

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Le Galliard, Jean-François, David Rozen-Rechels, Anjélica Lecomte, Clémence Demay, Andréaz Dupoué, and Sandrine Meylan. "Short-term changes in air humidity and water availability weakly constrain thermoregulation in a dry-skinned ectotherm." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 26, 2021): e0247514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247514.

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Thermoregulation is critical for ectotherms as it allows them to maintain their body temperature close to an optimum for ecological performance. Thermoregulation includes a range of behaviors that aim at regulating body temperature within a range centered around the thermal preference. Thermal preference is typically measured in a thermal gradient in fully-hydrated and post-absorptive animals. Short-term effects of the hydric environment on thermal preferences in such set-ups have been rarely quantified in dry-skinned ectotherms, despite accumulating evidence that dehydration might trade-off with behavioral thermoregulation. Using experiments performed under controlled conditions in climatic chambers, we demonstrate that thermal preferences of a ground-dwelling, actively foraging lizard (Zootoca vivipara) are weakly decreased by a daily restriction in free-standing water availability (less than 0.5°C contrast). The influence of air humidity during the day on thermal preferences depends on time of the day and sex of the lizard, and is generally weaker than those of of free-standing water (less than 1°C contrast). This shows that short-term dehydration can influence, albeit weakly, thermal preferences under some circumstances in this species. Environmental humidity conditions are important methodological factors to consider in the analysis of thermal preferences.

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Galindo, C. A., E. X. Cruz, and M. H. Bernal. "Evaluation of the combined temperature and relative humidity preferences of the Colombian terrestrial salamander Bolitoglossa ramosi (Amphibia: Plethodontidae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 96, no. 11 (November 2018): 1230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2017-0330.

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Temperature and humidity are critical factors for terrestrial lungless salamanders, as their body temperatures are largely determined by the environmental temperature and require moisture to sustain cutaneous respiration. Herein, we evaluated the preference of Bolitoglossa ramosi Brame and Wake, 1972 between a high temperature and a high relative humidity (RH), the influence of temperature on RH preferences, and the influence of RH on the thermal preferences. This study was performed in a field location in the municipality of Líbano, Tolima, Colombia. There, on different nights, we collected 84 adult B. ramosi and carried out the preference experiments, using aluminum troughs with different thermal and RH gradients. We found that between high temperature and high RH, B. ramosi preferred high RH. However, B. ramosi selected high temperatures when the gradient had a high RH and low temperatures when the gradient had a low RH. These results show that B. ramosi is able to thermoregulate and hydroregulate. Nevertheless, hydroregulation seems to be more important than thermoregulation because B. ramosi always selected the high RH gradients, while their thermal selection relied on the hydric environment.

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Ji, Xiang, and Wei-Guo Du. "Effects of Thermal and Hydric Environments on Incubating Eggs and Hatchling Traits in the Cobra, Naja naja atra." Journal of Herpetology 35, no. 2 (June 2001): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1566107.

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Xiaolong, TANG, YUE Feng, MA Ming, WANG Ningbo, HE Jianzheng, and CHEN Qiang. "Effects of Thermal and Hydric Conditions on Egg Incubation and Hatchling Phenotypes in Two Phrynocephalus Lizards." Asian Herpetological Research 3, no. 3 (December 3, 2012): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1245.2012.00184.

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ARENAS-MORENO, DIEGO M., FRANCISCO J. MUÑOZ-NOLASCO, ADÁN BAUTISTA-DEL MORAL, LUIS A. RODRÍGUEZ-MIRANDA, SAÚL F. DOMÍNGUEZ-GUERRERO, and FAUSTO R. MÉNDEZ-DE LA CRUZ. "A new species of Lepidophyma (Squamata: Xantusiidae) from San Luis Potosí, México, with notes on its physiological ecology." Zootaxa 4949, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4949.1.6.

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In recent years, there has been an increase in the descriptions of members of the lizard genus Lepidophyma. Herein, we describe a new species of Lepidophyma from the Huasteca Potosina region of Mexico, previously confused with L. gaigeae, from which it differs in lacking parietal spot, among other characteristics. We inferred its phylogenetic position and provide information on its thermal and hydric physiology, as well as on some other aspects of natural history. Molecular and morphological data supported the independent taxonomic status of the new species, indicating its placement as the sister taxon of L. gaigeae and a wide morphological separation between these species. Lepidophyma lusca sp. nov. has a diurnal-crepuscular activity period and occurs at lower elevations than L. gaigeae. Also, the new species differ from its sister taxon in its physiology, as reflected by its tendency toward higher thermal parameters and water loss rates. With the description of L. lusca sp. nov., the number of species in the genus Lepidophyma rises to 21.

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Luque, A., B. Leiss, P. Álvarez-Lloret, G. Cultrone, S. Siegesmund, E. Sebastian, and C. Cardell. "Potential thermal expansion of calcitic and dolomitic marbles from Andalusia (Spain)." Journal of Applied Crystallography 44, no. 6 (October 4, 2011): 1227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889811036910.

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Marble has historically been used as an ornamental stone because of its aesthetic appeal, ease of polishing and ex;cellent physical properties. One of the main factors affecting the durability of marbles is their thermal behaviour. Although marble is used extensively in Spain as a building and decorative material, little research has been done into its thermal behaviour. In this work, the textural and microstructural properties of seven calcitic and dolomitic marbles from Andalusia (southern Spain) were characterized to assess how these properties affect their thermal response. Rock fabric properties (grain morphology, boundaries and micro-crack populations) were studied by polarized microscopy and lattice preferred orientation using X-ray texture goniometry. Elastic properties were measured by ultrasound, thermal properties were determined by a six-rod dilatometer (thermal expansion) and the opening of micro-cracks was observed using environmental scanning electron microscopy. For each marble, thermal coefficients of calcite and dolomite crystals were calculated using thermo-X-ray diffraction, a novel application to characterize historic marbles. The results show that marble thermal expansion coefficients are related to preferred crystallographic orientation, which can help to identify the directions along which decay occurs. The results also show for the first time that the thermal expansion coefficient of the main components of marble,i.e.calcite and dolomite, is specific to each marble, and plays a key role in their different thermal behaviours. Thermal properties also depend on mineral composition, the existence of micro-cracks and hydric properties.

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Sory, Nassio, Moussa Ouedraogo, Adamah Messan, Issiaka Sanou, Moustapha Sawadogo, Kouka Jeremy Ouedraogo, Halidou Bamogo, Ouanmini Bobet, Lamine Zerbo, and Mohamed Seynou. "Mechanical, Thermal and Hydric Behavior of the Bio-sourced Compressed Earth Block (B-CEB) Added to Peanut Shells Powder." Advances in Materials 11, no. 1 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20221101.11.

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Delgado-Suazo, Peter, and Patricia A. Burrowes. "Response to thermal and hydric regimes point to differential inter- and intraspecific vulnerability of tropical amphibians to climate warming." Journal of Thermal Biology 103 (January 2022): 103148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103148.

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Bustamante, Ramiro O., Lúa Alves, Estefany Goncalves, Milen Duarte, and Ileana Herrera. "A classification system for predicting invasiveness using climatic niche traits and global distribution models: application to alien plant species in Chile." NeoBiota 63 (December 10, 2020): 127–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.63.50049.

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Functional traits that predict plant invasiveness are a central issue in invasion ecology. However, in many cases they are difficult to determine, especially for a large set of species. Climatic niche traits can overcome this problem due to the ease of acquiring them for a large number of species. This effort is critical given that knowledge of species invasiveness is necessary (although not sufficient) to anticipate/manage invasive species. In this study, we examined thermal and hydric niche traits to predict plant invasiveness. We used a set of 49 alien plant species, representative of the alien flora of Chile. Niche traits were obtained using environmental information (WorldClim) and global occurrences. Invasiveness was estimated using global niche models and projection of the potential distribution in Chile. As a final step, we reviewed the literature for a subset of species, documenting their impacts on a) biodiversity, b) crop agriculture and c) livestock. Thermal niche breadth and thermal niche position were the most important niche traits to predict potential distribution (a proxy of invasiveness). Using thermal niche breadth and niche position traits, we constructed a graphical model that classifies alien species as highly invasive (wide thermal niche breadth and low niche position) or low potential to be invasive (narrow niche breadth and high niche position). We also found no association between our invasiveness classification and the documented impact of alien species.

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Soudani, Lucile, Antonin Fabbri, Fionn McGregor, and Jean-Claude Morel. "Laboratory investigation of hygrothermal monitoring of hemp-concrete walls." RILEM Technical Letters 2 (November 19, 2017): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21809/rilemtechlett.2017.36.

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In the global will of reducing fossil energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission in the building sector, the use of bio-based insulating materials is gaining interest thanks to their profitable properties and their suitability for the renovation of ancient buildings made out of unconventional materials. However, such materials are still lacking of characterization, and more precisely of on-site evaluation, as no complete measurement protocol is available. The starting point to fill this gap would be to set-up a protocol for whole building instrumentation, and this paper is investigating questions arisen in that goal, and more precisely regarding the impact of sensor locations on the assessment of key parameters. For that purpose, instrumented polystyrene and hemp concrete wallets of dimensions 0.9 × 0.9 × 0.1 m3 with well-known thermal and hydric characteristics are tested within a double climatic chamber. The impact of temperature sensor locations and implementations are tested through indirect estimation of the thermal conductivities of the materials composing the wallets. The effect of the hygrothermal processes on the measurement of thermal performance is also investigated through the analysis of the wall global transmittance. These results finally allow to provide some recommendations concerning the on-site instrumentation of hemp concrete walls.

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Pittau, F., O. G. Carcassi, M. Servalli, S. Pellegrini, and S. Claude. "Hygrothermal characterization of bio-based thermal insulation made of fibres from invasive alien lake plants bounded with mycelium." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1078, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1078/1/012069.

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Abstract The European program ‘Renovation Wave’ aims to fasten the energy retrofit of the building stock by increasing by a factor 4 the current renovation rate. Mycelium-based materials gained momentum as insulation solutions in recent years due to their 100% biological composition. However, their durability issues, particularly the risk of fast decay due to high moisture content, need to be investigated to promote a safe use in construction. Two bio-composites were set up at a lab scale, a combination of hemp shives and mycelium and a novel mixture based on the combination of mycelium binder and fibres from a lake plant, Lagarosiphon major, an alien invasive species locally available in many EU internal waters. Samples with different dimensions were used to characterize through experimental tests the thermal conductivity, water absorption (capillarity) and vapor permeability. The results show that these mycelium-based composites present both hydric and thermal properties similar to other bio-based material used in construction. The capillarity tests highlighted that hemp composites absorb more water than lake plant ones. The thermal conductivity is similar for both biocomposites, i.e., around 0.05 W/m.K, while the moisture buffer position both analysed biocomposites in “WS 3” according to the German classification DIN 18947 for water regulators.

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Teixeira de Brito, M. K., D. B. Teixeira de Almeida, A. G. Barbosa de Lima, L. Almeida Rocha, E. Santana de Lima, and V. A. Barbosa de Oliveira. "Heat and Mass Transfer during Drying of Clay Ceramic Materials: A Three-Dimensional Analytical Study." Diffusion Foundations 10 (June 2017): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.10.93.

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This work aims to study heat and mass transfer in solids with parallelepiped shape with particular reference to drying process. A transient three-dimensional mathematical model based on the Fick ́s and Fourier ́s Laws was developed to predict heat and mass transport in solids considering constant physical properties and convective boundary conditions at the surface of the solid. The analytical solution of the governing equations was obtained using the method of separation of variables. The study was applied in the drying of common ceramic bricks. Predicted results of the heating and drying kinetics and the moisture and temperature distributions inside the material during the process, are compared with experimental data and good agreement was obtained. It has been found that the vertices of the solid dry and heat first. This provokes thermal and hydric stresses inside the material, which may compromise the quality of the product after drying.

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Ghembaza, Moulay-Smaïne, Said Taïbi, and Jean-Marie Fleureau. "Effet de la température sur le comportement des sols non saturés sur les chemins de drainage et d’humidification." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 44, no. 9 (September 2007): 1064–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t07-079.

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The behaviour of soils subject to suction on drying and wetting paths depends on the type of material and its initial state. Exposure to heat modifies the state of pore water and therefore the hydromechanical behaviour of the soil. A new experimental device has been developed to study the thermohydric behaviour of unsaturated soils. Salt solution desiccators and polyethylene glycol (PEG) osmotic solutions are dipped in thermostatic baths, whose temperature ranges from room temperature to 80 °C. Tests were carried out on a sandy clay prepared in the laboratory and on a natural undisturbed clay, extracted from an experimental site for deep underground storage of radioactive waste. Results show that temperature plays an important role in the shrinkage of soil, especially when subjected to high levels of suction. The results can be applied to observe the response of confining clay barriers submitted to hydric and thermal changes.

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Martínez-Nieto, María Isabel, Elena Estrelles, Josefa Prieto-Mossi, Josep Roselló, and Pilar Soriano. "Resilience Capacity Assessment of the Traditional Lima Bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) Landraces Facing Climate Change." Agronomy 10, no. 6 (May 26, 2020): 758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060758.

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Agriculture is highly exposed to climate warming, and promoting traditional cultivars constitutes an adaptive farming mechanism from climate change impacts. This study compared seed traits and adaptability in the germinative process, through temperature and drought response, between a commercial cultivar and Mediterranean Phaseolus lunatus L. landraces. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses were conducted to characterize local cultivars. Optimal germination temperature, and water stress tolerance, with increasing polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations, were initially evaluated. Base temperature, thermal time, base potential and hydrotime were calculated to compare the thermal and hydric responses and competitiveness among cultivars. Eight molecular markers were analyzed to calculate polymorphism and divergence parameters, of which three, together with South American species accessions, were used to construct a Bayesian phylogeny. No major differences were found in seed traits, rather different bicolored patterns. A preference for high temperatures and fast germination were observed. The ‘Pintat’ landrace showed marked competitiveness compared to the commercial cultivar when faced with temperature and drought tolerance. No genetic differences were found among the Valencian landraces and the phylogeny confirmed their Andean origin. Promoting landraces for their greater resilience is a tool to help overcome the worldwide challenge deriving from climate change and loss of agrobiodiversity.

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HARRISON, JON F. "Introduction to the Symposium: Responses of Terrestrial Arthropods to Variation in the Thermal and Hydric Environment: Molecular, Organismal, and Evolutionary Approaches." American Zoologist 38, no. 3 (June 1998): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/38.3.413.

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Tracy, R. L., and G. E. Walsberg. "Prevalence of cutaneous evaporation in Merriam's kangaroo rat and its adaptive variation at the subspecific level." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 4 (February 15, 2000): 773–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.4.773.

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Previous estimates suggested that ventilatory evaporation constitutes the major source of water loss in kangaroo rats (Dipodomys spp.). We quantified rates of water loss in Merriam's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami) and demonstrate the degree to which acclimation to a particular thermal and hydric environment plays a role in the intraspecific variation in water loss evident in this species. We draw the following conclusions: (1) that water loss varies intraspecifically in Merriam's kangaroo rat, in association with habitats of contrasting aridity and temperature; (2) that animals from more xeric locations have lower water loss rates than those from more mesic sites; (3) that most water loss is cutaneous, with ventilatory evaporative water loss contributing, at most, only 44% to total evaporative water loss; and (4) that intraspecific differences in rates of water loss are not acclimatory, but fixed. After acclimating under the same conditions, xeric-site animals still show a 33% lower rate of evaporative water loss than mesic-site animals.

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Kheira, Yamani, Hazzab Abdelkarim, Hamimed Abdelrahmane, and Sekkoum Mohamed. "Development of an approach for mapping of features thermal and hydric of watersheds: Case of the watershed of Brezina (Northwest of Algeria)." International Journal of Physical Sciences 10, no. 7 (April 16, 2015): 248–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ijps2015.4267.

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Costanzo, J. P., J. D. Litzgus, J. B. Iverson, and R. E. Lee. "Soil hydric characteristics and environmental ice nuclei influence supercooling capacity of hatchling painted turtles Chrysemys picta." Journal of Experimental Biology 201, no. 22 (November 1, 1998): 3105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.201.22.3105.

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Hatchling painted turtles (Chrysemys picta) hibernate in their shallow natal nests where temperatures occasionally fall below -10 C during cold winters. Because the thermal limit of freeze tolerance in this species is approximately -4 C, hatchlings rely on supercooling to survive exposure to extreme cold. We investigated the influence of environmental ice nuclei on susceptibility to inoculative freezing in hatchling C. picta indigenous to the Sandhills of west-central Nebraska. In the absence of external ice nuclei, hatchlings cooled to -14.6 1.9 C (mean s.e.m.; N=5) before spontaneously freezing. Supercooling capacity varied markedly among turtles cooled in physical contact with sandy soil collected from nesting locales or samples of the native soil to which water-binding agents (clay or peat) had been added, despite the fact that all substrata contained the same amount of moisture (7.5 % moisture, w/w). The temperature of crystallization (Tc) of turtles exposed to frozen native soil was -1.6 0.4 C (N=5), whereas turtles exposed to frozen soil/clay and soil/peat mixtures supercooled extensively (mean Tc values approximately -13 C). Hatchlings cooled in contact with drier (less than or equal to 4 % moisture) native soil also supercooled extensively. Thus, inoculative freezing is promoted by exposure to sandy soils containing abundant moisture and little clay or organic matter. Soil collected at turtle nesting locales in mid and late winter contained variable amounts of moisture (4-15 % w/w) and organic matter (1-3 % w/w). In addition to ice, the soil at turtle nesting locales may harbor inorganic and organic ice nuclei that may also seed the freezing of hatchlings. Bulk samples of native soil, which were autoclaved to destroy any organic nuclei, nucleated aqueous solutions at approximately -7 C (Tc range -6.1 to -8.2 C). Non-autoclaved samples contained water-extractable, presumably organic, ice nuclei (Tc range -4.4 to -5.3 C). Ice nuclei of both classes varied in potency among turtle nesting locales. Interaction with ice nuclei in the winter microenvironment determines whether hatchling C. picta remain supercooled or freeze and may ultimately account for differential mortality in nests at a given locale and for variation in winter survival rates among populations.

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Franco, C. M. R., A. G. Barbosa de Lima, J. V. Silva, and A. G. Nunes. "Applying Liquid Diffusion Model for Continuous Drying of Rough Rice in Fixed Bed." Defect and Diffusion Forum 369 (July 2016): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.369.152.

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Simulate the rice drying process at specific drying conditions is of great interest to optimize the process and ensure a better quality of the final product. In the present work, experimental drying procedures of rough rice grains (BRSMG CONAI variety) was reported and drying kinetic was obtained at temperature using 40°C. The results were compared with simulated data by means of the liquid diffusion model equilibrium boundary condition. The geometry used to represent the rice grain was prolate spheroid. For this purpose, the diffusion equation, written in cylindrical coordinates, and solved via Galerkin-based integral method considering the constant diffusion coefficient. A good agreement was observed between predicted and experimental data. It was also possible to observe that the highest moisture gradients occur at the tip of the grain, which is region more affected by thermal and hydric stresses. The studied model can be used to solve problems involving diffusion processes, such as: drying, wetting, heating and cooling, provided that the geometrical shape of the body is similar to prolate spheroid.

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Ji, Xiang, and Wei-Guo Du. "The effects of thermal and hydric environments on hatching success, embryonic use of energy and hatchling traits in a colubrid snake, Elaphe carinata." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 129, no. 2-3 (June 2001): 461–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1095-6433(01)00271-9.

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Ji, Xiang, and Florentino Braña. "The influence of thermal and hydric environments on embryonic use of energy and nutrients, and hatchling traits, in the wall lizards (Podarcis muralis)." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 124, no. 2 (October 1999): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1095-6433(99)00111-7.

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Ibrahim, Mohamad, Kévin Nocentini, Marina Stipetic, Sebastian Dantz, Francesco Giuseppe Caiazzo, Hasan Sayegh, and Lorenza Bianco. "Multi-field and multi-scale characterization of novel super insulating panels/systems based on silica aerogels: Thermal, hydric, mechanical, acoustic, and fire performance." Building and Environment 151 (March 2019): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.01.019.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Thermal and hydric condtions'

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