Relevant bibliographies by topics / Thermal field with phase change

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Academic literature on the topic 'Thermal field with phase change'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Thermal field with phase change"

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Peng, Guangjian, Guijing Dou, Yahao Hu, Yiheng Sun, and Zhitong Chen. "Phase Change Material (PCM) Microcapsules for Thermal Energy Storage." Advances in Polymer Technology 2020 (January 12, 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9490873.

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Phase change materials (PCMs) are gaining increasing attention and becoming popular in the thermal energy storage field. Microcapsules enhance thermal and mechanical performance of PCMs used in thermal energy storage by increasing the heat transfer area and preventing the leakage of melting materials. Nowadays, a large number of studies about PCM microcapsules have been published to elaborate their benefits in energy systems. In this paper, a comprehensive review has been carried out on PCM microcapsules for thermal energy storage. Five aspects have been discussed in this review: classification of PCMs, encapsulation shell materials, microencapsulation techniques, PCM microcapsules’ characterizations, and thermal applications. This review aims to help the researchers from various fields better understand PCM microcapsules and provide critical guidance for utilizing this technology for future thermal energy storage.
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Ghanekar, Alok, Yanpei Tian, Matthew Ricci, Sinong Zhang, Otto Gregory, and Yi Zheng. "Near-field thermal rectification devices using phase change periodic nanostructure." Optics Express 26, no. 2 (January 18, 2018): A209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.26.00a209.

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Chen, Jie, Feng Jiao Liu, and Yi Fei Zheng. "Review on Phase Change Material Slurries." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 946–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.946.

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Phase change materials (PCM) have recently received considerable attention in the field of thermal energy storage, due to their intrinsic properties. Phase change material slurry is a novel medium of heat storage and transfer, its apparent specific heat and heat transfer capacity is better than water.PCM slurries are being investigated for active thermal energy storage or as alternatives to conventional single phase fluids because they are pumpable and have advanced heat transport performance with phase change. This review mainly presents the information on PCM emulsions and microencapsulated PCM slurries (mPCM slurries).
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Ghanekar, Alok, Jun Ji, and Yi Zheng. "High-rectification near-field thermal diode using phase change periodic nanostructure." Applied Physics Letters 109, no. 12 (September 19, 2016): 123106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4963317.

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Goodrich, L. E. "Field measurements of soil thermal conductivity." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 23, no. 1 (February 1, 1986): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t86-006.

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Data representing the seasonal variation of thermal conductivity of the ground at depths within the seasonally active freezing/thawing zone are presented for a number of different soil conditions at four sites across Canada. An inexpensive probe apparatus suitable for routine field measurements is described.In all the cases examined, significant seasonal variations were confined to the first few decimetres. In addition to distinct seasonal differences associated with phase change, quite large changes occurred during the period when the soil was thawed in those cases where seasonal drying was possible. Below the seasonally active zone, thawed soil conductivities did not differ greatly among the three nonpermafrost sites in spite of soil composition ranging from marine clay to sandy silt. The data suggest that, even within a given soil layer, quite significant differences in thermal conductivity may be encountered in engineering structures such as embankments, presumably because of differences in drainage conditions. Key words: thermal conductivity, field measurements, phase relationships, drying, permafrost, clay, silt, peat.
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Hu, Tao, Yan Li, Duo Su, and Hai Xia Lv. "Thermal Modeling Solid-Liquid Phase Change Materials (PCMs)." Advanced Materials Research 746 (August 2013): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.746.161.

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Three thermal modeling methods for phase change materials (PCMs): enthalpy-based method, effective heat capacity method and apparent heat capacity method, are presented in details. Their characteristics and application limitations are compared and discussed. We found that enthalpy-based method and effective heat capacity method are both approximation treatments, and can be well used in steady state problems, while apparent heat capacity method tracks the moving phase change boundary in PCMs, and it is the most accurate and applicable method of the three for dealing with transient processes. This work might provide useful information for the study of using PCMs in temperature control field, especially in aircraft environmental temperature control and thermal management.
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Guo, Z., Jia Wei Mi, and Patrick S. Grant. "Phase Field Modelling of Dendrite Fragmentation during Thermal Shock." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 1524–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.1524.

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The dendrite grain growth of a succinonitrile based transparent alloy, their fragmentation under an intense thermal shock and the subsequnet morphology evolution during solidification have been simulated using a two-dimensional binary alloy phase field model coupled with heat and solute transfer. The effect of a sudden, rapid change in the thermal environment (thermal shock) was implemented in the model and the resulting effect on the incipient dendritic grain morphology was studied. Thermal shock effectively promoted the fragmentation of the dendritic grains, providing a significant grain multiplication effect to refine the final solidification microstructure.
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Kanimozhi, B., Amit Arnav, Eluri Vamsi Krishna, and R. Thamarai Kannan. "Review on Phase Change Materials in Thermal Energy Storage System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 766-767 (June 2015): 474–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.766-767.474.

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Phase Change Materials (PCM) plays an important role in energy conservation, which is very attractive because of its high storage density with small temperature change. In this paper an attempt made to review number of paper based on Phase Change Materials (PCM) in various field of thermal energy storage systems and its applications. The Phase Change Material is the latent heat storage material. As the source temperature raises the chemical bonds within the PCM breaks and the material changes its phase from one phase to another phase. The material begins to melt when the phase change temperature is reached. The temperature then stays constant until the melting process is finished. Thermal Energy Storage deals with the storing of energy by cooling, heating, melting, solidifying or vaporizing a material, the energy becoming available as heat when the process is reversed. Hence it is important to study about phase change materials in thermal energy storage system.Keywords: Phase change materials, Thermal energy storage system, Encapsulation, solar system, Heating and cooling of building
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Klemenčič, Eva, and Mitja Slavinec. "Liquid Crystals as Phase Change Materials for Thermal Stabilization." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1878232.

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Thermal stabilization exploiting phase change materials (PCMs) is studied theoretically and numerically. Using the heat source approach in numerical simulations, we focus on phase change temperature as a key factor in improving thermal stabilization. Our focus is to analyze possible mechanisms to tune the phase change temperature. We use thermotropic liquid crystals (LCs) as PCMs in a demonstrative system. Using the Landau-de Gennes mesoscopic approach, we show that an external electric field or appropriate nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed in LCs can be exploited to manipulate the phase change temperature.
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Vance, Ian W., and Paul C. Millett. "Phase-field simulations of pore migration and morphology change in thermal gradients." Journal of Nuclear Materials 490 (July 2017): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.04.027.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Thermal field with phase change"

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Li, Yichen. "Phase-field Modeling of Phase Change Phenomena." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99148.

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The phase-field method has become a popular numerical tool for moving boundary problems in recent years. In this method, the interface is intrinsically diffuse and stores a mixing energy that is equivalent to surface tension. The major advantage of this method is its energy formulation which makes it easy to incorporate different physics. Meanwhile, the energy decay property can be used to guide the design of energy stable numerical schemes. In this dissertation, we investigate the application of the Allen-Cahn model, a member of the phase-field family, in the simulation of phase change problems. Because phase change is usually accompanied with latent heat, heat transfer also needs to be considered. Firstly, we go through different theoretical aspects of the Allen-Cahn model for nonconserved interfacial dynamics. We derive the equilibrium interface profile and the connection between surface tension and mixing energy. We also discuss the well-known convex splitting algorithm, which is linear and unconditionally energy stable. Secondly, by modifying the free energy functional, we give the Allen-Cahn model for isothermal phase transformation. In particular, we explain how the Gibbs-Thomson effect and the kinetic effect are recovered. Thirdly, we couple the Allen-Chan and heat transfer equations in a way that the whole system has the energy decay property. We also propose a convex-splitting-based numerical scheme that satisfies a similar discrete energy law. The equations are solved by a finite-element method using the deal.ii library. Finally, we present numerical results on the evolution of a liquid drop in isothermal and non-isothermal settings. The numerical results agree well with theoretical analysis.
Master of Science
Phase change phenomena, such as freezing and melting, are ubiquitous in our everyday life. Mathematically, this is a moving boundary problem where the phase front evolves based on the local temperature. The phase change is usually accompanied with the release or absorption of latent heat, which in turn affects the temperature. In this work, we develop a phase-field model, where the phase front is treated as a diffuse interface, to simulate the liquid-solid transition. This model is consistent with the second law of thermodynamics. Our finite-element simulations successfully capture the solidification and melting processes including the interesting phenomenon of recalescence.
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Bugaje, Idris M. "Thermal energy storage in phase change materials." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335920.

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Oliver, David Elliot. "Phase-change materials for thermal energy storage." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/17910.

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There is a current requirement for technologies that store heat for both domestic and industrial applications. Phase-change materials (PCMs) represent an important class of materials that offer potential for heat storage. Heat-storage systems are required to undergo multiple melt/freeze cycles without any change in melting-crystallisation point and heat output. Salt hydrates are attractive candidates on account of their high energy densities, but there are issues associated with potential crystallisation of lower-hydrates, long-term stability, and reliable nucleation. An extensive review of the PCMs in the literature, combined with an evaluation of commercially available PCMs led to the conclusion that many of the reported PCMs, lack at least one of the key requirements required for use as a heat-storage medium. The focus of this research was therefore to identify and characterise new PCM compositions with tailored properties. New PCM compositions based of sodium acetate trihydrate were developed, which showed improved properties through the use of selective polymers that retard the nucleation of undesirable anhydrous sodium acetate. Furthermore, the mechanism of nucleation of sodium acetate trihydrate by heterogeneous additives has been investigated using variable-temperature powder X-ray diffraction. This study showed that when anhydrous Na2HPO4 was introduced to molten sodium acetate trihydrate at 58°C the hydrogenphosphate salt is present as the dihydrate. On heating to temperatures in the range 75-90°C the dihydrate was observed to dehydrate to form anhydrous Na₂HPO4. This result explains the prior observation that the nucleator is deactivated on heating. The depression of melting point of sodium acetate trihydrate caused by the addition of lithium acetate dihydrate has also been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction. It has been possible to tune the melting point of sodium acetate trihydrate thereby modifying its thermal properties. Studies of the nucleation of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, a potential PCM, led to the structural characterisation of six new hydrates using single crystal Xray diffraction. All of these hydrates can exist in samples with the pentahydrate composition at temperatures ranging from 20°C to 45°C. These hydrates are: α-Na₂S₂O₃·2H₂O, which formed during the melting of α-Na₂S₂O₃·5H₂O; two new pentahydrates, β-Na₂S₂O₃·5H₂O and γ-Na₂S₂O₃·5H₂O; Na₂S₂O₃·1.33 H₂O, β-Na₂S₂O₃·2H₂O and Na₂S₂O₃·3.67 H₂O, which formed during the melting of β- Na₂S₂O₃·5H₂O. Furthermore, new PCMs in the 75-90°C range were identified. The commercial impact and route to market of several of the PCMs are discussed in the final chapter.
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Kotze, Johannes Paulus. "Thermal energy storage in metallic phase change materials." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96049.

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Thesis (PhD) -- Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Currently the reduction of the levelised cost of electricity (LCOE) is the main goal of concentrating solar power (CSP) research. Central to a cost reduction strategy proposed by the American Department of Energy is the use of advanced power cycles like supercritical steam Rankine cycles to increase the efficiency of the CSP plant. A supercritical steam cycle requires source temperatures in excess of 620°C, which is above the maximum storage temperature of the current two-tank molten nitrate salt storage, which stores thermal energy at 565°C. Metallic phase change materials (PCM) can store thermal energy at higher temperatures, and do not have the drawbacks of salt based PCMs. A thermal energy storage (TES) concept is developed that uses both metallic PCMs and liquid metal heat transfer fluids (HTF). The concept was proposed in two iterations, one where steam is generated directly from the PCM – direct steam generation (DSG), and another where a separate liquid metal/water heat exchanger is used – indirect steam generation, (ISG). Eutectic aluminium-silicon alloy (AlSi12) was selected as the ideal metallic PCM for research, and eutectic sodium-potassium alloy (NaK) as the most suitable heat transfer fluid. Thermal energy storage in PCMs results in moving boundary heat transfer problems, which has design implications. The heat transfer analysis of the heat transfer surfaces is significantly simplified if quasi-steady state heat transfer analysis can be assumed, and this is true if the Stefan condition is met. To validate the simplifying assumptions and to prove the concept, a prototype heat storage unit was built. During testing, it was shown that the simplifying assumptions are valid, and that the prototype worked, validating the concept. Unfortunately unexpected corrosion issues limited the experimental work, but highlighted an important aspect of metallic PCM TES. Liquid aluminium based alloys are highly corrosive to most materials and this is a topic for future investigation. To demonstrate the practicality of the concept and to come to terms with the control strategy of both proposed concepts, a storage unit was designed for a 100 MW power plant with 15 hours of thermal storage. Only AlSi12 was used in the design, limiting the power cycle to a subcritical power block. This demonstrated some practicalities about the concept and shed some light on control issues regarding the DSG concept. A techno-economic evaluation of metallic PCM storage concluded that metallic PCMs can be used in conjunction with liquid metal heat transfer fluids to achieve high temperature storage and it should be economically viable if the corrosion issues of aluminium alloys can be resolved. The use of advanced power cycles, metallic PCM storage and liquid metal heat transfer is only merited if significant reduction in LCOE in the whole plant is achieved and only forms part of the solution. Cascading of multiple PCMs across a range of temperatures is required to minimize entropy generation. Two-tank molten salt storage can also be used in conjunction with cascaded metallic PCM storage to minimize cost, but this also needs further investigation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tans is die minimering van die gemiddelde leeftydkoste van elektrisiteit (GLVE) die hoofdoel van gekonsentreerde son-energie navorsing. In die kosteverminderingsplan wat voorgestel is deur die Amerikaanse Departement van Energie, word die gebruik van gevorderde kragsiklusse aanbeveel. 'n Superkritiese stoom-siklus vereis bron temperature hoër as 620 °C, wat bo die 565 °C maksimum stoor temperatuur van die huidige twee-tenk gesmelte nitraatsout termiese energiestoor (TES) is. Metaal fase veranderingsmateriale (FVMe) kan termiese energie stoor by hoër temperature, en het nie die nadele van soutgebaseerde FVMe nie. ʼn TES konsep word ontwikkel wat gebruik maak van metaal FVM en vloeibare metaal warmteoordrag vloeistof. Die konsep is voorgestel in twee iterasies; een waar stoom direk gegenereer word uit die FVM (direkte stoomopwekking (DSO)), en 'n ander waar 'n afsonderlike vloeibare metaal/water warmteruiler gebruik word (indirekte stoomopwekking (ISO)). Eutektiese aluminium-silikon allooi (AlSi12) is gekies as die mees geskikte metaal FVM vir navorsingsdoeleindes, en eutektiese natrium – kalium allooi (NaK) as die mees geskikte warmteoordrag vloeistof. Termiese energie stoor in FVMe lei tot bewegende grens warmteoordrag berekeninge, wat ontwerps-implikasies het. Die warmteoordrag ontleding van die warmteruilers word aansienlik vereenvoudig indien kwasi-bestendige toestand warmteoordrag ontledings gebruik kan word en dit is geldig indien daar aan die Stefan toestand voldoen word. Om vereenvoudigende aannames te bevestig en om die konsep te bewys is 'n prototipe warmte stoor eenheid gebou. Gedurende toetse is daar bewys dat die vereenvoudigende aannames geldig is, dat die prototipe werk en dien as ʼn bevestiging van die konsep. Ongelukkig het onverwagte korrosie die eksperimentele werk kortgeknip, maar dit het klem op 'n belangrike aspek van metaal FVM TES geplaas. Vloeibare aluminium allooie is hoogs korrosief en dit is 'n onderwerp vir toekomstige navorsing. Om die praktiese uitvoerbaarheid van die konsep te demonstreer en om die beheerstrategie van beide voorgestelde konsepte te bevestig is 'n stoor-eenheid ontwerp vir 'n 100 MW kragstasie met 15 uur van 'n TES. Slegs AlSi12 is gebruik in die ontwerp, wat die kragsiklus beperk het tot 'n subkritiese stoomsiklus. Dit het praktiese aspekte van die konsep onderteken, en beheerkwessies rakende die DSO konsep in die kollig geplaas. In 'n tegno-ekonomiese analise van metaal FVM TES word die gevolgtrekking gemaak dat metaal FVMe gebruik kan word in samewerking met 'n vloeibare metaal warmteoordrag vloeistof om hoë temperatuur stoor moontlik te maak en dat dit ekonomies lewensvatbaar is indien die korrosie kwessies van aluminium allooi opgelos kan word. Die gebruik van gevorderde kragsiklusse, metaal FVM stoor en vloeibare metaal warmteoordrag word net geregverdig indien beduidende vermindering in GLVE van die hele kragsentrale bereik is, en dit vorm slegs 'n deel van die oplossing. ʼn Kaskade van verskeie FVMe oor 'n reeks van temperature word vereis om entropie generasie te minimeer. Twee-tenk gesmelte soutstoor kan ook gebruik word in samewerking met kaskade metaal FVM stoor om koste te verminder, maar dit moet ook verder ondersoek word.
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Hong, Yan. "Encapsulated nanostructured phase change materials for thermal management." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4929.

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A major challenge of developing faster and smaller microelectronic devices is that high flux of heat needs to be removed efficiently to prevent overheating of devices. The conventional way of heat removal using liquid reaches a limit due to low thermal conductivity and limited heat capacity of fluids. Adding solid nanoparticles into fluids has been proposed as a way to enhance thermal conductivity of fluids, but recent results show inconclusive anomalous enhancements in thermal conductivity. A possible way to improve heat transfer is to increase the heat capacity of liquid by adding phase change nanoparticles with large latent heat of fusion into the liquid. Such nanoparticles absorb heat during solid to liquid phase change. However, the colloidal suspension of bare phase change nanoparticles has limited use due to aggregation of molten nanoparticles, irreversible sticking on fluid channels, and dielectric property loss. This dissertation describes a new method to enhance the heat transfer property of a liquid by adding encapsulated phase change nanoparticles (nano-PCMs), which will absorb thermal energy during solid-liquid phase change and release heat during freeze. Specifically, silica encapsulated indium nanoparticles, and polymer encapsulated paraffin (wax) nanoparticles have been prepared using colloidal method, and dispersed into poly-alpha]-olefin (PAO) and water for high temperature and low temperature applications, respectively. The shell, with a higher melting point than the core, can prevent leakage or agglomeration of molten cores, and preserve the dielectric properties of the base fluids. Compared to single phase fluids, heat transfer of nanoparticle-containing fluids have been significantly enhanced due to enhanced heat capacities. The structural integrity of encapsulation allows repeated uses of nanoparticles for many cycles.; By forming porous semi crystalline silica shells obtained from water glass, supercooling has been greatly reduced due to low energy barrier of heterogeneous nucleation. Encapsulated phase change nanoparticles have also been added into exothermic reaction systems such as catalytic and polymerization reactions to effectively quench local hot spots, prevent thermal runaway, and change product distribution. Specifically, silica-encapsulated indium nanoparticles, and silica encapsulated paraffin (wax) nanoparticles have been used to absorb heat released in catalytic reaction, and to mitigate the gel effect during polymerization, respectively. The reaction rates do not raise significantly owing to thermal buffering using phase change nanoparticles at initial stage of thermal runaway. The effect of thermal buffering depends on latent heats of fusion of nanoparticles, and heat releasing kinetics of catalytic reactions and polymerizations. Micro/nanoparticles of phase change materials will open a new dimension for thermal management of exothermic reactions.
ID: 029809237; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 164-191).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Mechanical Materials and Aerospace Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
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Wang, Chaoming. "THERMAL DETECTION OF BIOMARKERS USING PHASE CHANGE NANOPARTICLES." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3877.

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Most of existing techniques cannot be used to detect molecular biomarkers (i.e., protein and DNA) contained in complex body fluids due to issues such as enzyme inhibition or signal interference. This thesis describes a nanoparticle-based thermal detection method for the highly sensitive detections of multiple DNA biomarkers or proteins contained in different type of fluids such as buffer solution, cell lysate and milk by using solid-liquid phase change nanoparticles as thermal barcodes. Besides, this method has also been applied for thrombin detection by using RNA aptamer-functionalized phase change nanoparticles as thermal probes. Furthermore, using nanostructured Si surface that have higher specific area can enhance the detection sensitivity by four times compared to use flat aluminum surfaces. The detection is based on the principle that the temperature of solid will not rise above its melting temperature unless all solid is molten, thus nanoparticles will have sharp melting peak during a linear thermal scan process. A one-to-one correspondence can be created between one type of nanoparticles and one type of biomarker, and multiple biomarkers can be detected simultaneously using different type nanoparticles. The melting temperature and the heat flow reflect the type and the concentration of biomarker, respectively. The melting temperatures of nanoparticles are designed to be over 100°C to avoid interference from species contained in fluids. The use of thermal nanoparticles allows detection of multiple low concentration DNAs or proteins in a complex fluid such as cell lysate regardless of the color, salt concentration, and conductivity of the sample.
M.S.
Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering;
Engineering and Computer Science
Materials Science & Engr MSMSE
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Pustějovský, Michal. "Optimalizace teplotního pole s fázovou přeměnou." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232173.

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This thesis deals with modelling of continuous casting of steel. This process of steel manufacturing has achieved dominant position not only in the Czech Republic but also worldwide. The solved casted bar cross-section shape is circular, because it is rarely studied in academical works nowadays. First part of thesis focuses on creating numerical model of thermal field, using finite difference method with cylindrical coordinates. This model is then employed in optimization part, which represents control problem of abrupt step change of casting speed. The main goal is to find out, whether the computation of numerical model and optimization both can be parallelized using spatial decomposition. To achieve that, Progressive Hedging Algorithm from the field of stochastic optimization has been used.
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Sakai, Kazushige. "A study of phase field models for phase change of alloys." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/145320.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・論文博士
博士(情報学)
乙第11593号
論情博第57号
新制||情||31(附属図書館)
22892
UT51-2004-U490
京都大学大学院工学研究科応用システム科学専攻
(主査)教授 野木 達夫, 教授 藤坂 博一, 教授 磯 祐介
学位規則第4条第2項該当
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Pendyala, Swetha. "Macroencapsulation of Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4200.

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The use of a latent heat storage system using phase change materials (PCMs) is an effective way of storing thermal energy. Latent heat storage enables high-energy storage density which reduces the footprint of the system and the cost. However, PCMs have very low thermal conductivities making them unsuitable for large-scale use without enhancing the effective thermal conductivity. In order to address, the low thermal conductivity of the PCMs, macroencapsulation of PCMs has been adopted as an effective technique. The macroencapsulation not only provides a self-supporting structure of PCM and separates the PCM from thermal fluids but also enhances the heat transfer rate. The current work involves study of various concepts of encapsulation of low cost inorganic PCMs. Sodium nitrate (NaNO3), a low cost PCM, was selected for thermal storage in a temperature range of 300 - 500˚C. Various techniques like electroless coatings, coatings using silicates, coatings with metal oxide (SiO2) and sand encapsulation are discussed. A novel technique of metal oxide coating was developed where firstly a high temperature polymer, such as, polymer (stable > 500˚C) was coated over PCM pellets, and cured, so that the pellet becomes insoluble in water as well as several organic solvents and later the metal oxide is coated over the pellet using self-assembly, hydrolysis, and simultaneous chemical oxidation at various temperatures. The coated PCM pellets were characterized.
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Gowreesunker, Baboo Lesh Singh. "Phase change thermal enery storage for the thermal control of large thermally lightweight indoor spaces." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7649.

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Energy storage using Phase Change Materials (PCMs) offers the advantage of higher heat capacity at specific temperature ranges, compared to single phase storage. Incorporating PCMs in lightweight buildings can therefore improve the thermal mass, and reduce indoor temperature fluctuations and energy demand. Large atrium buildings, such as Airport terminal spaces, are typically thermally lightweight structures, with large open indoor spaces, large glazed envelopes, high ceilings and non-uniform internal heat gains. The Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems constitute a major portion of the overall energy demand of such buildings. This study presented a case study of the energy saving potential of three different PCM systems (PCM floor tiles, PCM glazed envelope and a retrofitted PCM-HX system) in an airport terminal space. A quasi-dynamic coupled TRNSYS®-FLUENT® simulation approach was used to evaluate the energy performance of each PCM system in the space. FLUENT® simulated the indoor air-flow and PCM, whilst TRNSYS® simulated the HVAC system. Two novel PCM models were developed in FLUENT® as part of this study. The first model improved the phase change conduction model by accounting for hysteresis and non-linear enthalpy-temperature relationships, and was developed using data from Differential Scanning Calorimetry tests. This model was validated with data obtained in a custom-built test cell with different ambient and internal conditions. The second model analysed the impact of radiation on the phase change behaviour. It was developed using data from spectrophotometry tests, and was validated with data from a custom-built PCM-glazed unit. These developed phase change models were found to improve the prediction errors with respect to conventional models, and together with the enthalpy-porosity model, they were used to simulate the performance of the PCM systems in the airport terminal for different operating conditions. This study generally portrayed the benefits and flexibility of using the coupled simulation approach in evaluating the building performance with PCMs, and showed that employing PCMs in large, open and thermally lightweight spaces can be beneficial, depending on the configuration and mode of operation of the PCM system. The simulation results showed that the relative energy performance of the PCM systems relies mainly on the type and control of the system, the night recharge strategy, the latent heat capacity of the system, and the internal heat gain schedules. Semi-active systems provide more control flexibility and better energy performance than passive systems, and for the case of the airport terminal, the annual energy demands can be reduced when night ventilation of the PCM systems is not employed. The semi-active PCM-HX-8mm configuration without night ventilation, produced the highest annual energy and CO2 emissions savings of 38% and 23%, respectively, relative to a displacement conditioning (DC) system without PCM systems.
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Books on the topic "Thermal field with phase change"

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Delgado, João M. P. Q., Joana C. Martinho, Ana Vaz Sá, Ana S. Guimarães, and Vitor Abrantes. Thermal Energy Storage with Phase Change Materials. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97499-6.

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Fleischer, Amy S. Thermal Energy Storage Using Phase Change Materials. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20922-7.

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Farid, Mohammed, Amar Auckaili, and Gohar Gholamibozanjani. Thermal Energy Storage with Phase Change Materials. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367567699.

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Palmiter, Larry S. Development of a simple device for field air flow measurement of residential air handling equipment: Phase II. Seattle, WA: Ecotope, 2000.

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Huang, Ming Jun. The application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to predict the thermal performance of phase change materials for the control of photovoltaic cell temperature in buildings. [S.l: University of Ulster, 2002.

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American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Winter Meeting. Radiation, phase change heat transfer, and thermal systems: Presented at the Winter Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Boston, Massachusetts, December 13-18, 1987. New York, N.Y. (345 E. 47th St., New York 10017): American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1987.

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Radchenko, Tat'yana, and Yuriy Shevcov. The creation of protective and strengthening coatings by methods of electron beam processing in vacuum. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1000599.

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This monograph presents basic theoretical and applied issues of the process of electron beam heat treatment, cladding and welding in various industries. Reviewed hardware and technological aspects, peculiarities of formation of structure of metals and alloys, as well as the patterns of change of such physical-mechanical properties, such as hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity. The specific examples of the electron beam to create a strengthening and protective coatings. Can be recommended as a textbook for students of technical universities, engineers and researchers and practical workers in the field of welding production.
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Vener, Carl. Phase change thermal energy storage. 1997.

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Advanced Phase Change Materials for Thermal Storage. MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-0365-0865-8.

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Tay, Steven, Luisa Cabeza, and N. H. Steven Tay. High Temperature Thermal Storage Systems Using Phase Change Materials. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2017.

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Book chapters on the topic "Thermal field with phase change"

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Kumar, Navin, and Debjyoti Banerjee. "Phase Change Materials." In Handbook of Thermal Science and Engineering, 2213–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26695-4_53.

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Kumar, Navin, and Debjyoti Banerjee. "Phase Change Materials." In Handbook of Thermal Science and Engineering, 1–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32003-8_53-1.

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Banaszek, Jerzy, and Miroslaw Seredynski. "Phase Change Heat Transfer Problems." In Encyclopedia of Thermal Stresses, 3647–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2739-7_900.

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Tominaga, Junji. "4th Generation Optical Memories Based on Super-resolution Near-field structure (Super-RENS) and Near-field Optics." In Phase Change Materials, 285–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-84874-7_13.

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Boniardi, Mattia. "Thermal Model and Remarkable Temperature Effects on the Chalcogenide Alloy." In Phase Change Memory, 41–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69053-7_3.

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Umantsev, Alexander. "Thermal Effects of Phase Transformations." In Field Theoretic Method in Phase Transformations, 201–44. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1487-2_9.

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Provatas, Nikolas, Tatu Pinomaa, and Nana Ofori-Opoku. "Thermal Fluctuations in Phase Field Equations." In Quantitative Phase Field Modelling of Solidification, 43–48. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003204312-8.

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Remsburg, Ralph. "Heat Transfer With Phase Change." In Advanced Thermal Design of Electronic Equipment, 437–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8509-5_6.

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Fleischer, Amy S. "Fundamental Thermal Analysis." In Thermal Energy Storage Using Phase Change Materials, 75–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20922-7_5.

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Garg, H. P., S. C. Mullick, and A. K. Bhargava. "Latent Heat or Phase Change Thermal Energy Storage." In Solar Thermal Energy Storage, 154–291. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5301-7_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Thermal field with phase change"

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Shi, L. P., W. L. Teo, T. C. Chong, and J. M. Li. "Thermal analysis of Super-Resolution Near-Field Phase Change Optical Disk." In Optical Data Storage. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ods.2003.mb5.

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Su, Che-Fu, Xinrui Xiang, Hamed Esmaeilzadeh, Jirui Wang, Edward Fratto, Majid Charmchi, Zhiyong Gu, and Hongwei Sun. "A New Composite Phase Change Material for Thermal Energy Storage." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10457.

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Abstract Enhancing the thermal conductivity of phase change materials (PCMs) is attracting attention for renewable energy applications such as solar, geothermal and wind energy. The use of energy storage can significantly improve the efficiency of renewable energy systems due to their intermittent nature. Latent heat thermal energy storage is a particularly attractive technique due to its high capacity can store energy at near constant temperature corresponding to the phase transition temperature of the PCMs. The present work aims to overcome this undesirable property of low thermal conductivity by manipulating metal fillers including nickel (Ni) nanoparticles/nanowires within the paraffin wax to improve its thermal property. In present work, a finite element method (FEM) was developed to obtain a fundamental understanding of the behavior of the Ni particles/wires under a uniform magnetic field by predefined magnetic pads. In the model, the Navier-Stokes equations were introduced as governing equations for the fluid field and the magnetic field was simulated by Maxwell’s equations. Then the motion of single Ni wire was modeled and the translation and rotational movements of the wire was studied in this paper.
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Shi, L. P., Z. J. Liu, J. C. Lee, Tow Chong Chong, and Jia J. Ho. "Three-dimensional thermal modeling and analysis of near-field rewritable phase-change optical disks." In International Symposium on Optical Memory and Optical Data Storage. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.997660.

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Shokohmand, Hossein, Alireza Jafari, and Parisa Amiri. "Comparison of Different Formulation Methods in Phase Change Heat Transfer." In ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2007-32530.

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In this paper analytical solution has been used to obtain the velocity profiles and temperature field in the moving boundary problems (solidification). The Stephan model has been employed and problem has been solved by using the integral method. The results are compared and it is shown that a third order polynomial would fit quite well with the analytical result. It is assumed that physical properties for both liquid and solid phases remain constant. The most significant part is the interfacial period between two different phases which its properties should be known well. In this paper the heat transfer in this interfacial section phase has been considered. It has been supposed that domain is filled by liquid and restart to solidification from top. Governing equations have been driven for both phases and propose different solutions.
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Basavanna, Abhishek, Prajakta Khapekar, and Navdeep Singh Dhillon. "Effect of a High Electric Field on the Thermal and Phase Change Characteristics of an Impacting Drop." In ASME 2019 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2019 13th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2019-3649.

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Abstract The effect of applied electric fields on the behavior of liquids and their interaction with solid surfaces has been a topic of active interest for many decades. This has important implications in phase change heat transfer processes such as evaporation, boiling, and condensation. Although the effect of low to moderate voltages has been studied, there is a need to explore the interaction of high electric fields with liquid drops and bubbles, and their effect on heat transfer and phase change. In this study, we employ a high speed optical camera to study the dynamics of a liquid drop impacting a hot substrate under the application of high electric fields. Experimental results indicate a significant change in the pre- and post-impact behavior of the drop. Prior to impact, the applied electric field elongates the drop in the direction of the electric field. Post-impact, the recoil phase of the drop is significantly affected by charging effects. Further, a significant amount of micro-droplet ejection is observed with an increase in the applied voltage.
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Ghanekar, Alok, Jun Ji, Mingdi Sun, Zongqin Zhang, and Yi Zheng. "Enhanced Thermal Rectification of Near-Field Thermal Diode Using Surface Gratings." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65369.

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We demonstrate workings of a near-field thermal rectification device that uses phase change material to achieve asymmetry in heat transfer. We exploit the temperature dependent dielectric properties of VO2 due metal-insulator transition near 341 K. The device operates near the critical temperature of the phase change material. Analogous to an electrical diode, heat transfer coefficient is very high in one direction (forward bias) while it is very small when the polarity of temperature gradient is reversed (reverse bias). Rectification as high as 15 can be obtained for minimal temperature difference of 5 K. We show that high rectification is achieved by using 1-D triangular and rectangular surface gratings. The rectification factor is dramatically enhanced in the near-field due to the spectral mismatch between dissimilar materials for the negative polarity.
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Xu, Zifu, Longqiu Li, and Jiaxin Li. "Two-Phase Thermal Metamaterial." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22158.

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Abstract The capability of thermal metamaterials is required from single function to multifunction under different external heat conditions. The methods to develop thermal materials by simple structural transformations have been explored. While, the components of traditional thermal metamaterial are mainly set as solid materials, which is difficult to change the composition of materials, such as recombing and fixing the spatial position of material, because of material rigidity. Therefore, the potential of thermal materials is limited. Liquid has fluidity in spatial structure, for which the efficient combination of solid-liquid materials provides an avenue for dynamically modeling thermal field. Herein, we propose the concept of two-phase thermal metamaterial, which is switchable by microscale elements. On one side, we develop a switchable thermal meta-unit manipulated by micro-element under the gradient field and explore the process of heat transfer by focusing on radiation and conduction under translucent media condition. Otherwise, we propose a method to achieve a non-reciprocal heat transfer system by the design of two-phase media. The propose of two-phase thermal metamaterials set a general background for a variety of applications for complex conditions.
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Liu, Fang, Hao Liang, Hang Yu, and Xiaomei Tang. "Research Development and Application of Solar Thermal Storage With Phase Change Materials." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90331.

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Research on efficient and economical thermal storage technology becomes common issue to the scholars. Especially research on PCMs becomes hot spot these years. In view of the discontinuity and instability of solar energy, efficient and economic research on energy storage technology occupies a very important position. This article summarizes and evaluates the research development and applications of solar thermal storage technology with PCMs both in China and the other countries. Including four parts: A review on preparation of new composite phase change materials and its thermophysical properties was carried out. Various heat transfer enhancement technology was overviewed. Including adding metal fill, adding graphite, capsule package, plus fins, adding carbon fiber and composite phase change materials, etc. Mathematical modeling of a latent heat thermal energy storage system (LHTES) was reviewed in recent years which is used for the optimum material selection and to assist in the optimal designing of the systems. The important characteristics of different models and their assumptions used are presented and discussed, the experimental validation of some models are also presented. The applications and prospects of PCMs used in the different fields were summarized, such as industry, agriculture, construction, textiles, electronic products, medicine, transportation etc. Finally, conclusions and perspectives were drawed. Hope to provide references to the other researchers in this field.
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Su, Che-Fu, Junwei Su, Hamed Esmaeilzadeh, Jirui Wang, Edward Fratto, Majid Charmchi, Zhiyong Gu, and Hongwei Sun. "Thermal Conductivity Enhancement of Phase Change Materials Through Aligned Metallic Nanostructures." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-72202.

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The high conductive nickel (Ni) nanoparticles mixed with paraffin wax at two different volume ratios were prepared to investigate thermal conductivity enhancement of Phase Change Material (PCM) under random and aligned particle distribution. For each particle concentration, two samples were prepared. After mixing of the particles into the melted paraffin through sonication, one sample was placed in a static magnetic field to align the nanoparticles while the PCM was allowed to solidify; whereas, the second sample was solidified immediately after sonication to obtain a randomly distributed nanoparticles in the solid PCM. The thermal conductivity of both nanoPCM samples along with a pure paraffin sample were measured experimentally. The conductivity of both nanoPCM samples were substantially higher than the pure wax and the sample with magnetically aligned nanoparticle exhibited significantly higher thermal conductivity in comparison to the randomly distributed nanoPCM sample. It was anticipated that the configuration of the metallic fillers that are parallelly aligned with the applied heat flux direction does enhance the heat dissipation through the particle chains. However, the magnitude of thermal enhancement and sample fabrication in larger scales require further research efforts.
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Tian, Y., and C. Y. Zhao. "Thermal Analysis in Phase Change Materials (PCMs) Embedded With Metal Foams." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22452.

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The heat transfer enhancement for phase change materials (PCMs) has received increasing attention nowadays, since most of PCMs have low thermal conductivities which prolong the charging and discharging processes. Metal foams, as a sort of novel material with high thermal conductivity, are believed to be a promising solution to enhance the heat transfer performance of PCMs for thermal energy storage systems. The effects of natural convection on heat transfer enhancement for PCMs embedded with metal foams are investigated in this paper. The numerical investigation is based on the two-equation non-equilibrium heat transfer model, where the coupled heat conduction and natural convection in PCMs are considered at phase transition and liquid zones. The numerical results are validated by experimental data. In order to investigate the effect of metal foams on heat transfer, two different cases are compared in this study, which are the Case A (PCMs embedded with metal foams) and the Case B (pure PCMs). At the solid zone, heat conduction plays a dominant part because of natural convection’s absence, thus metal foams achieve much higher heat conduction rate than pure PCMs, and this can be attributed to the high thermal conductivity of metal foams skeleton and the heat can be quickly transferred through the foam solid structure to the whole domain of PCMs. At the two-phase zone and liquid zone, natural convection takes place and becomes the dominant heat transfer mode, but metal foam structures suppress the natural convection inside the PCMs owing to big flow resistance in metal foams. In spite of this suppression caused by metal foams, the overall heat transfer performance of Case A is still superior to the counterpart of Case B (pure PCMs), implying the enhancement of heat conduction offsets or exceeds the natural convection loss. The results show that the heat transfer enhancement due to the natural convection in PCMs embedded with metal foams is not as strong as expected, since metal foams have big flow resistance and the natural convection is suppressed. It also shows that better heat transfer performance can be achieved by using the metal foams of smaller porosity and bigger pore density. Last but not least, a series of detailed velocity and temperature profiles are given through numerical solutions, in order to present a vivid evolution of flow field and temperature profiles in the whole melting process.
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Reports on the topic "Thermal field with phase change"

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Henninges, J., J. Schrötter, K. Erbas, and E. Huenges. Temperature field of the Mallik gas hydrate occurrence - implications on phase changes and thermal properties. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/220890.

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Craig, Timothy D., Edward I. Wolfe, and Mingyu Wang. Electric Phase Change Material Assisted Thermal Heating System (ePATHS). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1467444.

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Chio, Y. I., E. Choi, and H. G. Lorsch. Thermal analysis of n-alkane phase change material mixtures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6619165.

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Feustel, H. E., and C. Stetiu. Thermal performance of phase change wallboard for residential cooling application. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/486124.

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Douglas C. Hittle. PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS IN FLOOR TILES FOR THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/820428.

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Singh, D., W. Yu, and D. France. Integrated Heat Exchanger-Phase Change Material Thermal Energy Storage System. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1814238.

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Qiu, Songgang. Innovative Phase Change Thermal Energy Storage Solution for Baseload Power Phase 1 Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1087080.

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Biswas, Kaushik, Phillip W. Childs, and Jerald Allen Atchley. Field Testing of Low-Cost Bio-Based Phase Change Material. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1072152.

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Campbell, Kevin. Phase Change Materials as a Thermal Storage Device for Passive Houses. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.201.

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Singhvi, Punit, Javier García Mainieri, Hasan Ozer, and Brajendra Sharma. Rheology-Chemical Based Procedure to Evaluate Additives/Modifiers Used in Asphalt Binders for Performance Enhancements: Phase 2. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-020.

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The increased use of softer binders in Illinois over the past decade is primarily attributed to the increased use of recycled materials in asphalt pavement construction. The shift in demand of using PG 58-28 over PG 64-22 has resulted in potential alternative methods to produce softer binders more economically using proprietary products. However, there are challenges in using these proprietary products for asphalt modification because of uncertainty in their long-term performance and significant variability in binder chemistry. The current SuperPave performance grading specification for asphalt binders is insufficient in differentiating binders produced from these modifiers. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of various softener-type asphalt binder modifiers using a wide array of rheological and chemistry tests for their integration into the Illinois Department of Transportation’s material specifications. The small-strain rheological tests and their parameters allowed for consistent grouping of modified binders and can be used as surrogates to identify performing and nonperforming asphalt binders. A new parameter, Δ|G*|peak τ, was developed from the linear amplitude sweep test and showed potential to discriminate binders based on their large-strain behavior. Chemistry-based parameters were shown to track aging and formulation changes. The modifier sources were identified using fingerprint testing and were manifested in the modified binder chemical and compositional characteristics. The two sources of base binders blended with the modifiers governed the aging rate of the modified binders. Mixture performance testing using the Illinois Flexibility Index Test and the Hamburg Wheel-Track Test were consistent with the rheological and chemical findings, except for the glycol amine-based modified binder, which showed the worst cracking performance with the lowest flexibility index among the studied modifiers. This was contrary to its superior rheological performance, which may be attributed to lower thermal stability, resulting in high mass loss during mixing. According to the characterization of field-aged binders, laboratory aging of two pressurized aging vessel cycles or more may represent realistic field aging of 10 to 15 years at the pavement surface and is able to distinguish modified binders. Therefore, an extended aging method of two pressurized aging vessel cycles was recommended for modified binders. Two different testing suites were recommended for product approval protocol with preliminary thresholds for acceptable performance validated with field-aged data.
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