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Journal articles on the topic 'Thermal stability of thymol'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Malka, Eyal, Ayelet Caspi, Reut Cohen, and Shlomo Margel. "Fabrication and Characterization of Hydrogen Peroxide and Thymol-Loaded PVA/PVP Hydrogel Coatings as a Novel Anti-Mold Surface for Hay Protection." Polymers 14, no. 24 (2022): 5518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14245518.

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Animal food source production is increasing due to the growing world population. Many sources (e.g., hay) are prone to mold development, resulting in food degradation. This study proposes an environmentally friendly anti-mold fungicide comprising hydrogen peroxide (HP) and thymol entrapped in a polyvinyl alcohol/pyrrolidone (PVA/PVP) hydrogel (PVA is biodegradable and PVP is water soluble and non-toxic) coated on a polyethylene (PE) films for preservative hay packaging. The hydrogels improved the thermal stability of the entrapped HP and thymol, resulting in a prolonged release into the hay an

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2

Zhou, Wei, Yun Zhang, Ruyi Li, et al. "Fabrication of Caseinate Stabilized Thymol Nanosuspensions via the pH-Driven Method: Enhancement in Water Solubility of Thymol." Foods 10, no. 5 (2021): 1074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10051074.

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Thymol has been applied as a spice and antibacterial agent in commercial products. However, the utilization of thymol in the food and pharmaceutical field has recently been limited by its poor water solubility and stability. In this work, a caseinate-stabilized thymol nanosuspension was fabricated by pH-driven methods to overcome those limitations. Firstly, the chemical stability of thymol at different pH value conditions was investigated. The physiochemical properties of thymol nanosuspensions were then characterized, such as average particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, an

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3

Zhu, Zhu, Tiantian Min, Xueji Zhang, and Yongqiang Wen. "Microencapsulation of Thymol in Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA): Physical and Antibacterial Properties." Materials 12, no. 7 (2019): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12071133.

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Thymol has been shown to be a safe and effective broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent that can be used as a food preservative. However, its volatile characteristics and strong odor limit its use in food products. The microencapsulation of this essential oil in biopolymers could overcome these disadvantages. In this work, thymol-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microparticles were successfully prepared and the optimal encapsulation efficiency was obtained at 20% (w/w) thymol. Microparticles containing thymol presented a spherical shape and smooth surface. Microencapsulation significantly

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4

Celebioglu, Asli, Zehra Irem Yildiz, and Tamer Uyar. "Thymol/cyclodextrin inclusion complex nanofibrous webs: Enhanced water solubility, high thermal stability and antioxidant property of thymol." Food Research International 106 (April 2018): 280–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.12.062.

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5

Giotopoulou, Iro, Haralambos Stamatis, and Nektaria-Marianthi Barkoula. "Encapsulation of Thymol in Ethyl Cellulose-Based Microspheres and Evaluation of Its Sustained Release for Food Applications." Polymers 16, no. 23 (2024): 3396. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16233396.

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Food waste is a global concern with enormous economic, environmental and social impacts that has contributed to active packaging evolution. However, incorporating bioactive substances into the packaging can deteriorate its physicochemical and mechanical characteristics. Thus, the objective of this work was to entrap the natural bioactive compound thymol into microparticles and apply them in the form of pads for the controlled release of bioactivity in food packaging material. The physicochemical characteristics and bioactivity of five different ethyl cellulose-based microparticles were evaluat

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6

Suesuwan, Arunthip, Natapol Suetrong, Sila Yaemphutchong, et al. "Partially Bio-Based Benzoxazine Monomers Derived from Thymol: Photoluminescent Properties, Polymerization Characteristics, Hydrophobic Coating Investigations, and Anticorrosion Studies." Polymers 16, no. 13 (2024): 1767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16131767.

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In this work, four thymol-based benzoxazines were synthesized using four primary amines with different chain lengths, namely methylamine, ethylamine, 1-propylamine, and 1-butylamine, which are then named T-m, T-e, T-p, and T-b, respectively. The optical properties of the synthesized thymol-based benzoxazines were examined via the photoluminescent study of their solutions in acetone. The results show that all the prepared benzoxazines emitted blue light with the maximum wavelengths from 425 to 450 nm when irradiated by the excitation wavelengths from 275 to 315 nm. The maximum excitation wavele

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7

GHEORGHE, Daniela, Ana NEACSU, Ancuta Mihaela SOFRONIA, and Stefan PERISANU. "Thermodynamic properties of some monoterpenes with pharmacological applications." Revue Roumaine de Chimie 67, no. 10-12 (2023): 549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33224/rrch.2022.67.10-12.04.

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"Solid-state thymol, liquid carvacrol and eugenol were characterized by using combustion calorimetry and thermal analysis-simultaneous thermogravimetry (TG) coupled with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The enthalpies of formation were calculated using the measured heat of combustion for the studied compounds. Our values were compared with the literature and calculated data. Information about the stability of the samples was reported. From DSC measurements, the temperatures of melting-decomposition and their corresponding enthalpies were calculated. "

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8

Muhanad T. Almayyahi, Basil A. Saleh, and Baqer A. Almayyahi. "Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Study of Some new Copolyesters from mono-carbonyl analogues of Curcumin and Thymol blue dye." Journal of Kufa for Chemical Sciences 2, no. 9 (2023): 569–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.36329/jkcm/2022/v2.i9.13322.

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A series of copolyesters were prepared from a dicarboxylic acid, curcumin analogues (monocarbonyl) and thymol blue dye in the mole ratio of 2:1:1 by direct polycondensation using triethylamine (Et3N) as the condensation agent. The dicarboxylic used is 2,6-Pyridine dicarbonyl dichloride acid. The curcumin analogues were prepared by acid catalyzed Aldol condensation reaction. These copolyesters were characterized by FT-IR. The fluorescence of the synthesized copolyesters was also investigated. Furthermore, Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to investigate the thermal stability of these c

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9

Marzuki, Muhammad Najib Ahmad, Intan Syafinaz Mohamed Amin Tawakkal, Mohd Salahuddin Mohd Basri, et al. "The Effect of Jackfruit Skin Powder and Fiber Bleaching Treatment in PLA Composites with Incorporation of Thymol." Polymers 12, no. 11 (2020): 2622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112622.

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Food packaging has seen a growth in the use of materials derived from renewable resources such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA). However, the initial costs to produce bioplastics are typically high. Tropical fruit waste as naturally sourced fibres, such as jackfruit skin, can be used as a cost-reducing filler for PLA. The main objective in this study is to fabricate a low-cost natural fibre-reinforced polymer that potentially applies in packaging with the aid of bleaching treatment. The treatment shows a rougher surface fibre in Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs and it is expected to ha

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10

Demir, Onur, Mehlika Pulat, and Ali Bilgili. "Validation of stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of thymol in gelatin-based hydrogels." Turkish Journal of Analytical Chemistry 7, no. 2 (2025): 132–39. https://doi.org/10.51435/turkjac.1604250.

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The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method to determine the amount of thymol loaded into the structure of a gelatin hydrogel developed to struggle varroosis infestation of honey bees and released into a model release system. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a high-performance liquid chromatograph, C18 column and acetonitrile:water (75:25) mobile phase with an isocratic flow rate of 1 mL/min. To validate the method, specificity, precision, linearity, detection and measurement limit, accuracy, robustness, solution stability and system suitability parameters were studi

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11

Soliman, Rabab M., Randa A. Abdel Salam, Basma G. Eid, et al. "Stability study of thymoquinone, carvacrol and thymol using HPLC-UV and LC-ESI-MS." Acta Pharmaceutica 70, no. 3 (2020): 325–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acph-2020-0028.

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AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the stability of three major antioxidants of Nigella sativa: thymoquinone (TQ), carvacrol (CR) and thymol (THY), under different stress conditions using HPLC and LC-MS/MS. Forced degradation for each compound was performed under different conditions, including oxidation, hydrolysis, photolysis and thermal decomposition. The results showed that both CR and THY were stable under the studied conditions, whereas TQ was not affected by acidic, basic and oxidative forced conditions but the effect of light and heat was significant. The degradation prod

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12

Mousa, Souad, Sana Hitur Awad, Bice S. Martincigh, and Mohammed Al-Baidhani. "Synthesis and photochemical stability of polymeric derivatives formed by the reaction of acrylamide and succinic anhydride copolymer with dyes." Polimery 69, no. 11-12 (2024): 619–34. https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2024.11.1.

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A new derivative of PAM, acrylamide was copolymerized with succinic anhydride, and the reaction product reacted with three dyes, anthocyanin, bromophenol, and thymol. The prepared polymers were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR and UV-visible spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, and thermal analysis. FT-IR spectroscopy showed the disappearance of two bands near 3450 and 3380 cm-1 for the stretching vibrations of the primary amine which indicates for the formation of amides. The UV-photolysis of aqueous solutions of different concentrations of the polymers was s

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13

Chiriac, Aurica P., Alina Gabriela Rusu, Loredana Elena Nita, et al. "Synthesis of Poly(Ethylene Brassylate-Co-squaric Acid) as Potential Essential Oil Carrier." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 4 (2021): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13040477.

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Bio-based compounds are a leading direction in the context of the increased demand for these materials due to the numerous advantages associated with their use over conventional materials, which hardly degrade in the environment. At the same time, the use of essential oils and their components is generated mainly by finding alternative solutions to antibiotics and synthetic preservatives due to their bioactive characteristics, but also to their synergistic capacity during the manifestation of different biological properties. The present study is devoted to poly(ethylene brassylate-co-squaric a

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14

Legett, Shelbie A., John R. Stockdale, Xavier Torres, Chris M. Yeager, Adam Pacheco, and Andrea Labouriau. "Functional Filaments: Creating and Degrading pH-Indicating PLA Filaments for 3D Printing." Polymers 15, no. 2 (2023): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15020436.

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With the rapid pace of advancements in additive manufacturing and techniques such as fused filament fabrication (FFF), the feedstocks used in these techniques should advance as well. While available filaments can be used to print highly customizable parts, the creation of the end part is often the only function of a given feedstock. In this study, novel FFF filaments with inherent environmental sensing functionalities were created by melt-blending poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and pH indicator powders (bromothymol blue, phenolphthalein, and thymol blue). The new PLA-PEG

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15

Shlosman, Koranit, Dmitry M. Rein, Rotem Shemesh, and Yachin Cohen. "Lyophilized Emulsions of Thymol and Eugenol Essential Oils Encapsulated in Cellulose." Polymers 16, no. 10 (2024): 1422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16101422.

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Efforts to tap into the broad antimicrobial, insecticidal, and antioxidant activities of essential oils (EOs) are limited due to their strong odor and susceptibility to light and oxidation. Encapsulation of EOs and subsequent drying overcome these limitations and extend their applications. This study characterized freeze-dried (lyophilized) emulsions of eugenol (EU) and thymol (TY) EOs, encapsulated by chemically unmodified cellulose, a sustainable and low-cost resource. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy showed successful lyophilization. While the observed “flake-like” structure of

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16

Liu, Mengying, Ruheng Shen, Liyuan Wang, et al. "Preparation, Optimization, and Characterization of Bovine Bone Gelatin/Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Nanoemulsion Containing Thymol." Foods 13, no. 10 (2024): 1506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13101506.

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The aim of this study is to produce a biodegradable food packaging material that reduces environmental pollution and protects food safety. The effects of total solids content, substrate ratio, polyphenol content, and magnetic stirring time on bovine bone gelatin/sodium carboxymethylcellulose nanoemulsion (BBG/SCMC–NE) were investigated using particle size, PDI, turbidity, rheological properties, and zeta potential as evaluation indexes. The micro, structural, antioxidant, encapsulation, and release properties were characterized after deriving its optimal preparation process. The results showed

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17

Safakas, Konstantinos, Iro Giotopoulou, Archontoula Giannakopoulou, et al. "Designing Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Polyethylene Films with Bioactive Compounds/Clay Nanohybrids for Potential Packaging Applications." Molecules 28, no. 7 (2023): 2945. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28072945.

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In the present work, direct incorporation of bioactive compounds onto the surface and interlayer of nanoclays before their incorporation into the final polymeric film was conducted, based on a green methodology developed by our group that is compatible with food packaging. This will lead to the higher thermal stability and the significant reduction of the loss of activity of the active ingredients during packaging configuration. On this basis, the essential oil (EO) components carvacrol (C), thymol (T) as well as olive leaf extract (OLE), which is used for the first time, were incorporated ont

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18

Suljkanović, Mersiha, Jasmin Suljagić, Edita Bjelić, Ante Prkić, and Perica Bošković. "Chemical Characterization of Terpene-Based Hydrophobic Eutectic Solvents and Their Application for Pb(II) Complexation during Solvent Extraction Procedure." Molecules 29, no. 9 (2024): 2122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29092122.

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Solvents prepared from natural terpenes (menthol and thymol), as H-bond acceptors, and a series of organic acids (chain lengths of 8, 10, and 14 C atoms), as H-bond donors, were characterized and tested as reaction media for liquid–liquid extraction purposes. Due to their high hydrophobicity, they seem to be promising alternatives to conventional (nonpolar and toxic) solvents, since they possess relatively less toxic, less volatile, and consequently, more environmentally friendly characteristics. Assuming that the equilibrium is established between solvent and analyte during a ligandless proce

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19

Jaseem, Saif M., and Nadia A. Ali. "ANTISTATIC PACKAGING OF PLASTICIZED BIODEGRADABLE POLYLACTIC ACID / GRAPHENE NANCOMPOSITES." Pakistan Journal of Biotechnology 16, no. 2 (2019): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.34016/pjbt.2019.16.1.13.

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Poly lactic acid is inexperienced various to organic compound artifact plastics, employed in packaging with graphene that being one atom thick sheet, composed of sp2 carbon atoms organized in an exceedingly flat honeycomb structure .In this analysis victimization plasticizer thymol with composites were ready by an answer casting technique with (0.5-10) % towers Graphene .Experimental work contain morphological (AFM,FTIR), mechanical(Tensile, Tear, Hardness),electrical conductivity Color , contact angle, and TGA . Results hyperbolic electrical physical phenomenon with hyperbolic Graphene and ma

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20

Elbaz, Yeela, Taly Iline-Vul, Aviv Dombrovsky, Ayelet Caspi, and Shlomo Margel. "Synthesis and Characterization of Porous Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Silica Microcapsules for Applications in Agriculture." Materials 17, no. 18 (2024): 4621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17184621.

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Silica (SiO2) particles are widely used in various industries due to their chemical inertness, thermal stability, and wear resistance. The present study describes the preparation and potential use of porous hydrophobic and hydrophilic SiO2 microcapsules (MCs) of a narrow size distribution. First, various layers of SiO2 micro/nano-particles (M/NPs) were grafted onto monodispersed polystyrene (PS) microspheres of a narrow size distribution. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic sintered SiO2 MCs were then prepared by removing the core PS from the PS/SiO2 core–shell microspheres by burning off under normal

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21

Figueroa-Lopez, Kelly J., António A. Vicente, Maria A. M. Reis, Sergio Torres-Giner, and Jose M. Lagaron. "Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Performance of Various Essential Oils and Natural Extracts and Their Incorporation into Biowaste Derived Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Layers Made from Electrospun Ultrathin Fibers." Nanomaterials 9, no. 2 (2019): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9020144.

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In this research, the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of oregano essential oil (OEO), rosemary extract (RE), and green tea extract (GTE) were evaluated. These active substances were encapsulated into ultrathin fibers of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) derived from fruit waste using solution electrospinning, and the resultant electrospun mats were annealed to produce continuous films. The incorporation of the active substances resulted in PHBV films with a relatively high contact transparency, but it also induced a slightly yellow appearance and increased the films

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Malka, Eyal, and Shlomo Margel. "Engineering of PVA/PVP Hydrogels for Agricultural Applications." Gels 9, no. 11 (2023): 895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9110895.

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Hydrogels have gained significant popularity in agricultural applications in terms of minimizing waste and mitigating the negative environmental impact of agrochemicals. This review specifically examines the utilization of environmentally friendly, shapable hydrogels composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in various casings for crop protection against different pests, fertilizing, and watering. To activate their effectiveness, PVA/PVP hydrogels were loaded with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic environmentally friendly pesticides, namely hydrogen peroxide (HP), the e

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23

Barone, Guido, Pompea Del Vecchio, Diego Esposito, Dimitrios Fessas, and Giuseppe Graziano. "Effect of osmoregulatory solutes on the thermal stability of calf-thymus DNA." Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 92, no. 8 (1996): 1361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ft9969201361.

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Del Vecchio, Pompea, Diego Esposito, Lucia Ricchi, and Guido Barone. "The effects of polyols on the thermal stability of calf thymus DNA." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 24, no. 4 (1999): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-8130(99)00058-6.

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25

Tsagkalias, Ioannis S., Alexandra Loukidi, Stella Chatzimichailidou, Constantinos E. Salmas, Aris E. Giannakas, and Dimitris S. Achilias. "Effect of Na- and Organo-Modified Montmorillonite/Essential Oil Nanohybrids on the Kinetics of the In Situ Radical Polymerization of Styrene." Nanomaterials 11, no. 2 (2021): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11020474.

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The great concern about the use of hazardous additives in food packaging materials has shown the way to new bio-based materials, such as nanoclays incorporating bioactive essential oils (EO). One of the still unresolved issues is the proper incorporation of these materials into a polymeric matrix. The in situ polymerization seems to be a promising technique, not requiring high temperatures or toxic solvents. Therefore, in this study, the bulk radical polymerization of styrene was investigated in the presence of sodium montmorillonite (NaMMT) and organo-modified montmorillonite (orgMMT) includi

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Wazeer, Irfan, Hanee F. Hizaddin, Ng Xue Wen, Lahssen El Blidi, Mohd A. Hashim, and Mohamed K. Hadj-Kali. "Extraction of Phenol as Pollutant from Aqueous Effluents Using Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents." Water 15, no. 24 (2023): 4289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15244289.

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Due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment, phenolic pollutants pose a serious threat to the ecosystem. In this work, the performance of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) for phenol removal from aqueous effluents is thoroughly investigated using COSMO-RS screening followed by experimental validation. The screening results of 73 HDESs showed that the efficacy of phenol removal is significantly affected by chain length, functional groups, and aromaticity. Trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO)-based HDESs were found to be the most effective HDESs for phenol elimination combined ei

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Aloyan, Lusine, Yeva Dalyan, and Aleksey Gogolev. "New Porphyrins/Calf Thymus DNA Complexes - Their Thermostability." Advanced Materials Research 1084 (January 2015): 554–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1084.554.

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The paper studies the melting parameters of the complexes of water soluble cationic 3N- and 4N-pyridyl porphyrins with different peripheral substituents (oxyethyl, buthyl, allyl, metallyl) with DNA. The results indicate that the presence of porphyrin changes the shape and parameters of DNA melting curve. The porphyrin concentration increase results in the increase of the melting temperature (Tm) and melting interval (ΔT) of DNA. With the porphyrin-DNA concentration ratio ν = 0.01, changes of melting temperature have not been observed. The melting intervals almost do not change upon the additio

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Пучкан, Л. О., О. О. Салій, Л. А. Фуклева, and М. М. Малецький. "Development and research of ointment with essential oil of thyme for the treatment of the scalp and hair parts of the head." Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, no. 2 (April 26, 2023): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.2.23.04.

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Dermatological diseases are the most widespread in the whole world. According to WHO, 20–30% of the world's population suffers from fungal skin diseases and 25–35% from pustular diseases. Pustular diseases (pyoderma) are the result of pathogenic staphylococci and streptococci, and fungal diseases (dermatomycoses) are caused by various types of fungi. Today, these diseases are treated with various types of drugs, but the active ingredient in almost all of them is synthetic compounds (antibiotics, sulfonamides, imidazole derivatives, etc.). Medicines of natural origin are scarce. In order to inc

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Karoui, Iness Jabri, Wissal Dhifi, Meriam Ben Jemia, and Brahim Marzouk. "Thermal stability of corn oil flavoured with Thymus capitatus under heating and deep-frying conditions." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 91, no. 5 (2011): 927–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4267.

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Çakmakçi, Emrah, Ozan Deveoglu, Ahmed Muhammed, Ali Fouad, Emine Torgan, and Recep Karadag. "HPLC-DAD analysis of Thymus serpyllum based natural pigments and investigation of their antimicrobial properties." Pigment & Resin Technology 43, no. 1 (2013): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-07-2012-0045.

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Purpose – In this study, it was aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties of natural pigments prepared from Thymus serpyllum. Design/methodology/approach – Al (III), Fe (II), Sn (II) and Cu (II) complexed natural pigments were obtained by using a precipitation method and the main constituents in the pigments were identified with HPLC-DAD. Also FTIR analysis was performed for further structural characterization. Moreover, the thermal stability and thermal degradation properties of the pigments were analyzed by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). The antimicrobial activity of the thyme pla

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Sharifi-Rad, Atena, Zeinab Amiri-Tehranizadeh, Atiye Talebi, et al. "Multi spectroscopic and molecular simulation studies of propyl acridone binding to calf thymus DNA in the presence of electromagnetic force." BioImpacts 13, no. 1 (2022): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/bi.2022.23592.

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Introduction: Here, the interaction behavior between propyl acridones (PA) and calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) has been investigated to attain the features of the binding behavior of PA with ct-DNA, which includes specific binding sites, modes, and constants. Furthermore, the effects of PA on the conformation of ct-DNA seem to be quite significant for comprehending the medicine’s mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics. Methods: The project was accomplished through means of absorbance studies, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism, viscosity measurement, thermal melting, and molecular modeli

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Ganosi, Eugenia, Christina Barda, Maria-Eleni Grafakou, Michael Ch Rallis, and Helen Skaltsa. "An In-Depth Stability Study of the Essential Oils from Mentha × piperita, Mentha spicata, Origanum vulgare, and Thymus vulgaris: The Impact of Thermal and Storage Conditions." Separations 10, no. 9 (2023): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations10090488.

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In recent years, there has been a growing scientific interest in essential oils due to their therapeutic and aromatic properties and as potential alternative natural additives for use as preservatives or antibiotics. However, the literature lacks a comprehensive understanding of their stability and how their composition and properties change over time under various conditions. Through this paper, we aim to enhance the existing literature by providing deeper insights into the stability of essential oils and the sustainability of chemical composition in a time-based approach under various condit

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Blasiak, Janusz, Vladimír Kleinwächter, Zofia Walter, and Renata Žaludová. "Interaction of Organophosphorus Insecticide Methylparathion with Calf Thymus DNA and a Synthetic DNA Duplex." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 50, no. 11-12 (1995): 820–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1995-11-1213.

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Abstract The interaction of an organophosphorus insecticide methylparathion (O.O-dimethyl 0-4-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate) with double-stranded DNA was characterized by UV and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Two kinds of DNA were employed: calf thymus DNA (CT DNA) and a synthetic two-stranded oligomer of sequence 5′-d(TTGGATCCGAATT-CAAGCTT)-3′ Melting curves and CD spectra were taken for the DNAs in the presence of the insecticide at methylparathion/DNA base pair molar ratio of 0.5. The insecticide evoked a decrease of the melting temperature and a broadening of the transition range for

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Gama, Ana Rita, Carolina P. Gomes, Cátia Caetano, et al. "Unlocking Nature’s Anti-Aging Secrets: The Potential of Natural Mineral Waters Combined with Plant Extracts in Cosmetics." Cosmetics 12, no. 4 (2025): 150. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics12040150.

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Skin aging is influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, leading to structural changes in the skin. Current anti-aging cosmetic trends emphasize innovative natural ingredients, including plant extracts, thermal waters, and botanical hydrolats. This work aims to develop six natural anti-aging cosmetics (two serums, two day creams, and two night creams) with innovative and non-irritating profiles. The rational design was guided by market analysis and ingredient properties. Prototype formulations were created with two core mixtures: (1) natural mineral water from Termas de Unhais da Serra and

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Choi, Janghan, Lucy Wang, Emily Ammeter, et al. "Evaluation of lipid matrix microencapsulation for intestinal delivery of thymol in weaned pigs." Translational Animal Science 4, no. 1 (2019): 411–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txz176.

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Abstract Essential oils (EO) are defined as plant-derived natural bioactive compounds, which can have positive effects on animal growth and health due to their antimicrobial and antioxidative properties. However, EO are volatile, can evaporate quickly, and be rapidly absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Also, due to their labile nature, the stability of EO during feed processing is often questionable, leading to variations in the final concentration in feed. Encapsulation has become one of the most popular methods of stabilizing EO during feed processing, storage, and delivery into th

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Shi, Hao, Shuangshuang Huang, Junbo He, Lijuan Han, Weinong Zhang, and Qixin Zhong. "1-Laurin-3-Palmitin as a Novel Matrix of Solid Lipid Particles: Higher Loading Capacity of Thymol and Better Stability of Dispersions Than Those of Glyceryl Monostearate and Glyceryl Tripalmitate." Nanomaterials 9, no. 4 (2019): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9040489.

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To develop solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with a new lipid matrix for delivery of hydrophobic bioactive molecules, high purity 1-laurin-3-palmitin (1,3-LP) was synthesized and the prepared 1,3-LP SLNs were compared with those of two common SLN matrices in glyceryl monostearate (GMS) and glyceryl tripalmitate (PPP). Conditions of preparing SLNs were first optimized by evaluating the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta-potential, and stability. Thereafter, the performance of SLN loading of a model compound in thymol was studied. The loading capacity of thymol in 1,3-LP SLNs was 16%

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Elshafie, Hazem S., Sadeek A. Sadeek, Wael A. Zordok, and Amira A. Mohamed. "Meloxicam and Study of Their Antimicrobial Effects against Phyto- and Human Pathogens." Molecules 26, no. 5 (2021): 1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26051480.

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Recently, the design of new biological metal-ligand complexes has gained a special interest all over the world. In this research, new series of mixed ligand complexes from meloxicam (H2mel) and glycine (Gly) were synthesized. Structures of the compounds were investigated employing elemental analyses, infrared, electronic absorption, 1H NMR, thermal analyses, effective magnetic moment and conductivity. The estimated molar conductivity of the compounds in 1 × 10−3 M DMF solution indicates the non-electrolyte existence of the examined complexes. Additionally, the effective magnetic moment values

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Choi, Janghan, Lucy Wang, Joshua Gong, et al. "75 Evaluating the in vitro release of essential oils from microparticles in simulated swine gastric and intestinal fluids and the essential oil stability in microparticles during feed pelleting process." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (2019): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.145.

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Abstract Essential oils are defined as plant-derived natural bioactive compounds with positive effects on animal growth and health due to their antimicrobial and antioxidative properties. However, essential oils are very volatile, can evaporate rapidly and be rapidly absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract. In addition, due to their labile nature, the stability of essential oils during feed processing is often questionable, leading to variable final concentrations in feeds. Micro-encapsulation has become one of the most popular methods to deliver essential oils into the lower gut. The obj

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Gutiérrez-González, Paula, Laura Fernández-Peña, Alejandro Lucia, Francisco Ortega, Ramón G. Rubio, and Eduardo Guzmán. "Aqueous dispersions of oleic acid nanodroplets for thymol encapsulation." Colloids and Surfaces A 690 (April 5, 2024): 133775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2024.133775.

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This study focuses on the use of oleic acid to disperse thymol as nanodroplets, stabilized by a mixture of alkylpolyglucoside and lecithin, in an aqueous environment. This approach aims to develop innovative platforms for the encapsulation and release of poorly water-soluble molecules such as thymol, useful for drug delivery and insecticide systems. The results highlight the critical role of controlling the content and concentration of the oil phase (thymol-oleic acid mixture) in achieving optimal thymol dispersion and nanodispersion stability. The interplay between the ability of oleic acid t

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Yousefi, Morteza, Seyyed Morteza Hoseini, Yury Anatolyevich Vatnikov, Arfenya Karamyan, and Evgeny Vladimirovich Kulikov. "Dietary Thymol Supplementation Promotes Antioxidant Responses and Thermal Stress Resistance in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss." Animals 14, no. 20 (2024): 2988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14202988.

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Rainbow trout fingerlings were fed, in triplicate, diets supplemented with 0 (CTL), 50 (50 TM), 100 (100 TM), 200 (200 TM), 400 (400 TM) and 800 (800 TM) mg/kg of thymol, followed by 48 h of thermal stress. Growth performance and humoral immunological parameters showed no significant responses to dietary thymol concentrations. Fish fed 50–400 mg/kg thymol diets had significantly higher survival after heat stress. Plasma cortisol, glucose, hepatic glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and erythrocyte catalase significantly increased after thermal stress, whereas total plasma antioxidant

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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Batch and Flow-Injection Spectrophotometric Determination of Thymol Using Procaine Hydrochloride as a New Chromogenic Reagent." Baghdad Science Journal 9, no. 2 (2012): 302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.9.2.302-310.

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New, simple and sensitive batch and Flow-injecton spectrophotometric methods for the determination of Thymol in pure form and in mouth wash preparations have been proposed in this study. These methods were based on a diazotization and coupling reaction between Thymol and diazotized procaine HCl in alkaline medium to form an intense orange-red water-soluble dye that is stable and has a maximum absorption at 474 nm. A graphs of absorbance versus concentration show that Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration range of 0.4-4.8 and 4-80 µg.ml-1 of Thymol, with detection limits of 0.072 and 1.80

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Al-Abachi, Mouyed Q., and Hind S. Al-Ward. "Batch and Flow-Injection Spectrophotometric Determination of Thymol Using Procaine Hydrochloride as a New Chromogenic Reagent." Baghdad Science Journal 9, no. 2 (2012): 302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2012.9.2.302-310.

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New, simple and sensitive batch and Flow-injecton spectrophotometric methods for the determination of Thymol in pure form and in mouth wash preparations have been proposed in this study. These methods were based on a diazotization and coupling reaction between Thymol and diazotized procaine HCl in alkaline medium to form an intense orange-red water-soluble dye that is stable and has a maximum absorption at 474 nm. A graphs of absorbance versus concentration show that Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration range of 0.4-4.8 and 4-80 µg.ml-1 of Thymol, with detection limits of 0.072 and 1.80

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Brezoiu, Ana-Maria, Mioara Prundeanu, Daniela Berger, et al. "Properties of Salvia officinalis L. and Thymus serpyllum L. Extracts Free and Embedded into Mesopores of Silica and Titania Nanomaterials." Nanomaterials 10, no. 5 (2020): 820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10050820.

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This study evidenced the nanoconfinement effect on polyphenolic extracts prepared from Salvia officinalis L. and Thymus serpyllum L. into the mesopores of silica and titania nanomaterials on their radical scavenging capacity and antimicrobial potential. The ethanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts obtained either by conventional or microwave-assisted extraction were characterized in terms of total polyphenols, total flavonoids, and chlorophyll content, as well as radical scavenging activity by consecrated spectrometric determinations. The phytochemical fingerprint of extracts was analyzed by high

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Keser, Sabina, Zora Rukavina, Marica Jozić, et al. "Potentials and Challenges in Development of Vesicular Phospholipid Gel as a Novel Dermal Vehicle for Thymol." Pharmaceutics 17, no. 7 (2025): 854. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17070854.

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Background/Objectives: Thymol, one of the main compounds of thyme essential oil, has shown promising effects in treating various skin disorders owing to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidative activities. Due to its limited solubility in water, thymol is commonly used in higher concentrations to achieve a suitable therapeutic effect, which can consequently lead to skin irritation. To overcome these limitations, we incorporated thymol into a vesicular phospholipid gel (VPG), a novel semisolid dermal vehicle consisting of highly concentrated dispersion of phospholipid vesicles (li

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Baird, Garrett, Chris Farrell, Jason Cheung, Andrew Semple, Jeffery Blue та Patrick L. Ahl. "FTIR Spectroscopy Detects Intermolecular β-Sheet Formation Above the High Temperature Tm for Two Monoclonal Antibodies". Protein Journal 39, № 4 (2020): 318–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10930-020-09907-y.

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AbstractThe temperature-dependent secondary structure of two monoclonal IgG antibodies, anti-IGF1R and anti-TSLP, were examined by transmission mode Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Anti-IGF1R and anti-TSLP are IgG monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against human Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor for anti-tumor activity and Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin cytokine for anti-asthma activity, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) clearly indicates both antibodies in their base formulations have a lower temperature protein conformational change near 70 °C (Tm1) a

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Sheorain, Jyoti, Sapna Grewal, Rajesh Thakur, and Santosh Kumari. "Assessment of free-radical scavenging and anti-bacterial potential of Thymol conjugated with Gum Acacia-Chitosan copolymeric nanoformulation." Research Journal of Biotechnology 16, no. 12 (2021): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1612rjbt4554.

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This study details with thymol loaded on anionic copolymeric (Gum Acacia-Chitosan) nanoformulation prepared using ionic gelation to further enhance its therapeutic effectiveness. Optimized nanoparticles of 10:1 ratio (Gum Acacia:Chitosan) having entrapmentefficiency of 97% and mean hydrodynamic diameter of 172 nm (obtained using DLS) were characterized and in vitro examined for drug release effect, antioxidant potential and antibacterial activity. Zeta potential reading (-31.4 mV) confirmed optimized nanoformulation as stable and Electron-microscopy affirmed spherical morphology. FTIR analysis

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Trivedi, Mahendra Kumar, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Parthasarathi Panda, and Snehasis Jana. "Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Thymol." World Journal of Applied Chemistry 1, no. 1 (2016): 001–8. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjac.20160101.11.

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Thymol is a natural monoterpenoid phenol possessing various pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, etc. The stable isotope ratio analysis has drawn attention in numerous fields such as agricultural, food authenticity, biochemistry, metabolism, medical research, etc. An investigation of the effect of the biofield energy treatment (The Trivedi Effect®) on the isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM and PM+2/PM in thymol using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry was attempted in this study. The sample, thymol was divided into two parts - one part was denoted as control

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Trivedi, Mahendra Kumar, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Parthasarathi Panda, and Snehasis Jana. "Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Thymol." World Journal of Applied Chemistry 1, no. 1 (2016): 001–8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.196892.

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Thymol is a natural monoterpenoid phenol possessing various pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, etc. The stable isotope ratio analysis has drawn attention in numerous fields such as agricultural, food authenticity, biochemistry, metabolism, medical research, etc. An investigation of the effect of the biofield energy treatment (The Trivedi Effect®) on the isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM and PM+2/PM in thymol using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry was attempted in this study. The sample, thymol was divided into two parts - one part was denoted as control

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49

Li, Na, Hongyue Zhang, Min Cui, et al. "Design and Application of Thymol Electrochemical Sensor Based on the PtNPs-CPOFs-MWCNTs Composite." Molecules 28, no. 8 (2023): 3398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28083398.

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In this study, the preparation of covalent polyoxometalate organic frameworks (CPOFs) is introduced using the idea of polyoxometalate and covalent organic frameworks. Firstly, the prepared polyoxometalate was functionalized with an amine group (NH2-POM-NH2), and then the CPOFs were prepared by a solvothermal Schiff base reaction with NH2-POM-NH2 and 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde (Tp) as monomers. After the incorporation of PtNPs and MWCNTs into the CPOFs material, the PtNPs-CPOFs-MWCNTs nanocomposites, which possess excellent catalytic activity and electrical conductivity, were

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Pochivalov, Konstantin V., Andrey V. Basko, Tatyana N. Lebedeva, et al. "Low-density polyethylene-thymol: Thermal behavior and phase diagram." Thermochimica Acta 659 (January 2018): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2017.11.012.

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