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Journal articles on the topic 'Thermo-mechanical pulping'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Schneider, T., C. Behn, E. Windeisen-Holzhauser, and E. Roffael. "Influence of thermo-mechanical and chemo-thermo-mechanical pulping on the properties of oak fibres." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 77, no. 2 (2019): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00107-018-1380-2.

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Talebjedi, Behnam, Ali Khosravi, Timo Laukkanen, Henrik Holmberg, Esa Vakkilainen, and Sanna Syri. "Energy Modeling of a Refiner in Thermo-Mechanical Pulping Process Using ANFIS Method." Energies 13, no. 19 (2020): 5113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195113.

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In the pulping industry, thermo-mechanical pulping (TMP) as a subdivision of the refiner-based mechanical pulping is one of the most energy-intensive processes where the core of the process is attributed to the refining process. In this study, to simulate the refining unit of the TMP process under different operational states, the idea of machine learning algorithms is employed. Complicated processes and prediction problems could be simulated and solved by utilizing artificial intelligence methods inspired by the pattern of brain learning. In this research, six evolutionary optimization algorithms are employed to be joined with the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to increase the refining simulation accuracy. The applied optimization algorithms are particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO), differential evolution (DE), biogeography-based optimization algorithm (BBO), genetic algorithm (GA), ant colony (ACO), and teaching learning-based optimization algorithm (TLBO). The simulation predictor variables are site ambient temperature, refining dilution water, refining plate gap, and chip transfer screw speed, while the model outputs are refining motor load and generated steam. Findings confirm the superiority of the PSO algorithm concerning model performance comparing to the other evolutionary algorithms for optimizing ANFIS method parameters, which are utilized for simulating a refiner unit in the TMP process.

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Dickson, Alan, Armin Thumm, Karl Murton, and David Sandquist. "The influence of mechanical pulping treatment on the physical properties of wood fibre plastic composites." BioResources 15, no. 3 (2020): 5532–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.3.5532-5545.

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Medium density fibreboard (MDF) fibres produced by a mechanical pulping process have shown potential for reinforcement in natural fibre composites (NFCs). In this work, the effect of process options, available in a pilot-scale fibre processing facility, on NFC properties were investigated. These were: a) refining energy; b) pre-treatment by sulphonation (i.e. chemi-thermo-mechanical pulping (CTMP)) and c) whether the extractives stream (i.e. the plug screw pressate) was discarded or included with the fibre. There were improvements in composite performance with refining energy, although these were not strong or consistent across composite properties. The CTMP fibres gave a substantial improvement over conventional MDF fibres in flexural, tensile, and impact properties, which may be due to improved fibre-matrix interfacial properties because of better mechanical interlocking and the removal of extractives.

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Harinath, Eranda, L. T. Biegler, and Guy A. Dumont. "Advanced Step Nonlinear Model Predictive Control for Two-stage Thermo Mechanical Pulping Processes*." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 44, no. 1 (2011): 3653–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20110828-6-it-1002.02266.

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Harinath, Eranda, L. T. Biegler, and Guy A. Dumont. "Control and optimization strategies for thermo-mechanical pulping processes: Nonlinear model predictive control." Journal of Process Control 21, no. 4 (2011): 519–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jprocont.2011.01.009.

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Aujla, Muhammad Ikram, Muhammad Akram Kashmiri, and Babar Ali. "Activated sludge and chemical treatment process for Chemi-Thermo-Mechanical Pulping black liquors." International Journal of Environment and Waste Management 8, no. 1/2 (2011): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijewm.2011.040968.

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Harinath, Eranda, L. T. Biegler, and Guy A. Dumont. "Predictive optimal control for thermo-mechanical pulping processes with multi-stage low consistency refining." Journal of Process Control 23, no. 7 (2013): 1001–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jprocont.2013.05.005.

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Mari, E. L., A. S. Torres, and C. O. Austria. "Recycling Mimeograph-Printed Newsprint Paper." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 28, no. 2 (2011): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.42.

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Virgin newsprint paper from thermo-mechanical pulp was subjected to a laboratory recycling scheme, which involved mimeograph-printing, re-pulping, de-inking, washing, refining, and handsheetforming, without adding other fibre in between cycles. Fibre dimension, pulp freeness and paper properties were determined after each cycle until the fifth, at which about 20% of the original material remained. The remaining fibre was then mixed with virgin pulp, the original newsprint and unsorted mixed office waste to determine the proportion necessary for acceptable properties. The results indicated remarkable modification in distribution of fibre properties, a decreasing amount of long fibre with corresponding increase of short fibre in the course of recycling and loss of fibre. Refining generally improved the strength properties of paper from recycled fibre. About 20 % to 30 % of either thermo-mechanical pulp or unsorted mixed office waste was found sufficient for blending with recycled fibre to obtain acceptable strength properties.

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Boonprasertpoh, Aekartit, Duanghathai Pentrakoon, and Warintorn Chavasiri. "Properties of Polyethylene Foam Incorporated with Extracted Lignin from Pulping Black Liquor." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 2289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.2289.

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This research was a study of physical and mechanical properties of polyethylene foam incorporated with various amount of lignin from 5 to 20 phr.The lignin was isolated from black liquor from Kraft pulping using a sulfuric acid at pH 3 and washed with hot water. A Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA), and Laser Light Scattering were used to characterize the extracted lignin.The preparation of polyethylene foam was carried out using two-roll mill and compression moulding.Visual inspection, density measurement, and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were used to investigate physical properties while compression test and compression set were used to investigate mechanical properties.The average lignin particle size diameter appears to be 31.733 m. The foam density increased slightly with amount of lignin.From SEM micrographs, it exhibited that all PE foams had a closed-cell structure where the cell sizes varied with amount of lignin.Foam incorporated with 10 phr of extracted lignin showed the finest cell distribution with an average cell diameter of 0.51 millimeters.

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Talebjedi, Behnam, Timo Laukkanen, Henrik Holmberg, Esa Vakkilainen, and Sanna Syri. "Energy Efficiency Analysis of the Refining Unit in Thermo-Mechanical Pulp Mill." Energies 14, no. 6 (2021): 1664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061664.

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A refining model is developed to analyses the refining process’s energy efficiency based on the refining variables. A simulation model is obtained for longer-term refining energy analysis by further developing the MATLAB Thermo-Mechanical Pulping Simulink toolbox. This model is utilized to predict two essential variables for refining energy efficiency calculation: refining motor-load and generated steam. The conventional variable for presenting refining energy efficiency is refining specific energy consumption (RSEC), which is the ratio of the refining motor load to throughput and does not consider the share of recovered energy from the refining produced steam. In this study, a new variable, corrected refining specific energy consumption (CRSEC), is introduced and practiced for better representation of the refining energy efficiency. In the calculation process of the CRSEC, recovered energy from the refining generated steam is considered useful energy. The developed model results in 160% and 78.75% improvement in simulation model determination coefficient and error, respectively. Utilizing the developed model and hourly district heating demand for CRSEC calculation, results prove a 22% annual average difference between CRSEC and RSEC. Findings confirm that the wintertime refining energy efficiency is 27% higher due to higher recovered energy in the heat recovery unit compared to summertime.

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Aisyah, H. A., M. T. Paridah, M. H. Sahri, A. A. Astimar, and U. M. K. Anwar. "Influence of Thermo Mechanical Pulping Production Parameters on Properties of Medium Density Fibreboard Made from Kenaf Bast." Journal of Applied Sciences 12, no. 6 (2012): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2012.575.580.

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Tanase-Opedal, Mihaela, Eduardo Espinosa, Alejandro Rodríguez, and Gary Chinga-Carrasco. "Lignin: A Biopolymer from Forestry Biomass for Biocomposites and 3D Printing." Materials 12, no. 18 (2019): 3006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12183006.

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Biopolymers from forestry biomass are promising for the sustainable development of new biobased materials. As such, lignin and fiber-based biocomposites are plausible renewable alternatives to petrochemical-based products. In this study, we have obtained lignin from Spruce biomass through a soda pulping process. The lignin was used for manufacturing biocomposite filaments containing 20% and 40% lignin and using polylactic acid (PLA) as matrix material. Dogbones for mechanical testing were 3D printed by fused deposition modelling. The lignin and the corresponding biocomposites were characterized in detail, including thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), antioxidant capacity, mechanical properties, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Although lignin led to a reduction of the tensile strength and modulus, the reduction could be counteracted to some extent by adjusting the 3D printing temperature. The results showed that lignin acted as a nucleating agent and thus led to further crystallization of PLA. The radical scavenging activity of the biocomposites increased to roughly 50% antioxidant potential/cm2, for the biocomposite containing 40 wt % lignin. The results demonstrate the potential of lignin as a component in biocomposite materials, which we show are adequate for 3D printing operations.

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Imken, Arne A. P., Burkhard Plinke, and Carsten Mai. "Characterisation of hardwood fibres used for wood fibre insulation boards (WFIB)." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 79, no. 4 (2021): 915–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00107-021-01698-y.

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AbstractWood fibre insulation boards (WFIB) are typically made from softwood fibres. However, due to the rapid decrease in softwood stands in Germany, the industry will be forced to adapt to the wood market. Therefore, alternative approaches for the substitution of softwood with hardwood will be needed in the fibre industry. The objective of this paper is to address the characterisation of hardwood fibres regarding their availability for the WFIB industry. The physico-mechanical properties of WFIB are significantly determined by the length of the fibres. Longer softwood fibres usually generate higher strength properties and a lower thermal conductivity than shorter hardwood fibres. In this paper, the potential application of hardwood fibres (up to 20,500 μm long) produced in a refiner by thermo-mechanical pulping (TMP) to WFIB production was examined. The scanner-based system FibreShape was used for the automatic optical analysis of the geodesic length distribution of fibres. The analysed hardwood fibres contained significantly more dust and were shorter than respectively produced softwood fibres, limiting their applicability for WFIB production. Thus, two analytical approaches were chosen to receive longer fibres and less dust: (1) blending hardwood fibres with supporting softwood fibres (20%, 50 and 80% proportion of softwood), and (2) mathematical fractionation of hardwood fibres based on the fibre length to remove all particles smaller than 500 μm. It was concluded that the practical fractionation seems to be economically and ecologically challenging and that blending hardwood fibres with at least 50% softwood fibres offers a promising approach, which should be further studied.

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Aorigele, Junko Kajimoto, and Yoshihiro Sano. "HBS Pulping. 4. ECF Bleaching of HBS pulp and Thermo-Stabilization of HBS Solvents." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 56, no. 12 (2002): 1786–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.56.1786.

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Dislaire, Claire, Yves Grohens, Bastien Seantier, and Marion Muzy. "The impact of molded pulp product process on the mechanical properties of molded Bleached Chemi-Thermo-Mechanical Pulp." Functional Composite Materials 2, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42252-021-00023-3.

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AbstractThis study was carried out using bleached softwood Chemi-Thermo-Mechanical Pulp to evaluate the influence of Molded Pulp Products’ manufacturing process parameters on the finished products’ mechanical and hygroscopic properties. A Taguchi table was done to make 8 tests with specific process parameters such as moulds temperature, pulping time, drying time, and pressing time. The results of these tests were used to obtain an optimized manufacturing process with improved mechanical properties and a lower water uptake after sorption analysis and water immersion. The optimized process parameters allowed us to improve the Young’ Modulus after 30h immersion of 58% and a water uptake reduction of 78% with the first 8 tests done.

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Gorski, Dmitri, Lars Johansson, and Per Engstrand. "Refiner bleaching in a peroxide-based ATMP process compared with conventional bleaching." Holzforschung 66, no. 3 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2011.156.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to compare refiner bleaching with conventional laboratory bleaching by means of hydrogen peroxide and magnesium hydroxide. Refiner bleaching in this study was a part of the ATMP (advanced thermo mechanical pulping) process, in which bleaching chemicals are added to the first stage refiner. Unbleached reference pulp which underwent similar mechanical treatment as refiner bleached pulp was used for laboratory bleaching. Bleaching efficiency was found to be almost equal for pilot scale refiner bleaching and conventional laboratory bleaching. A brightness increase of 10 ISO% was reached with addition of 26 kg t-1 hydrogen peroxide leading to a final brightness of 66 ISO% using both methods. Slightly more COD (52 kg t-1 compared with 46 kg t-1) was generated in refiner bleaching compared with conventional laboratory bleaching to equal brightness with the same chemicals added.

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Kamenev, Inna, Andres Viiroja, and Juha Kallas. "Aerobic Bio-oxidation with Ozonation for Recalcitrant Wastewater Treatment." Journal of Advanced Oxidation Technologies 11, no. 2 (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jaots-2008-0219.

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AbstractThe aim of the present research was to find a combination of biological and chemical oxidation processes that improves the purification efficiency of recalcitrant wastewater treatment at reduced ozone consumption. The following wastewater treatment processes were experimentally studied: conventional aerobic biooxidation, post-ozonation of biologically treated wastewater, a combined process - aerobic bio-oxidation with ozonation in a re-circulation system - and aerobic bio-oxidation with direct introduction of ozone-containing water into a bioreactor. A synthetic landfill leachate corresponding in its composition to leachate of young landfills, thermo-mechanical pulping water, and phenolic effluent from the Estonian oil shale industry were used as wastewaters. It was established that compared with conventional aerobic bio-oxidation, the combined process enables an improvement in purification efficiency even at relatively low ozone doses (10 to 60 mgO

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