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1
Albuquerque, Paula. The Webcam as an Emerging Cinematic Medium. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462985582.
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All the world’s a stage - literally so, given the ubiquitous presence of webcams recording daily life in cities. This footage, allegedly documentary, recreates cities as cinematic environments as people interact with the multitudes of cameras and screens around them. Paula Albuquerque’s original research and experimental films, presented in this groundbreaking book, expose fictionalising elements in archival webcams and explore video surveillance as an urban condition that influences both perceptions of the past and visions of the future.
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Ltd, ICON Group. THERMO VISION CORP.: Labor Productivity Benchmarks and International Gap Analysis (Labor Productivity Series). 2nd ed. Icon Group International, Inc., 2000.
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Ltd, ICON Group. THERMO VISION CORP.: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (Financial Performance Series). 2nd ed. Icon Group International, Inc., 2000.
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4
Blake, Andrew, Carolin Crawford, Paul Fletcher, Sophie Hackford, Anya Hurlbert, Dan-Eric Nilsson, and Carlo Rovelli. Vision. Edited by Andrew Fabian, Janet Gibson, Mike Sheppard, and Simone Weyand. Cambridge University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108946339.
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Arising from the 2019 Darwin College Lectures, this book presents essays from seven prominent public intellectuals on the theme of vision. Each author examines this theme through the lens of their own particular area of expertise, making for a lively interdisciplinary volume including chapters on neuroscience, colour perception, biological evolution, astronomy, the future of technology, computer vision, and the visionary core of science. Featuring contributions by professors of neuroscience Paul Fletcher and Anya Hurlbert, professor of zoology Dan-Eric Nilsson, the futurist Sophie Hackford, Microsoft distinguished scientist Andrew Blake, theoretical physicist and author Carlo Rovelli, and Dr Carolin Crawford, the Public Astronomer at the University of Cambridge, this volume will be of interest to anybody curious about how we see the world.
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Auslander, Philip. Sound and Vision. Edited by John Richardson, Claudia Gorbman, and Carol Vernallis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199733866.013.025.
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This article appears in theOxford Handbook of New Audiovisual Aestheticsedited by John Richardson, Claudia Gorbman, and Carol Vernallis. Referring to the relationship between visual and audible dimensions of music performance as an “economy” suggests that they may not work hand-in-hand. There can be competition for the audience’s attention and to influence its understanding of the performance. Relationships between sight and sound can be normative or traditional, or challenge norms. The “traditionalist” view emphasizes visible causality: what the audience sees should provide information about how the sound is being produced and perhaps about the musician’s affective state. Visual information that does not contribute to this is interference. The relative value of sound and visual information varies by genre. But even performers operating within traditionalist values sometimes challenge them by manipulating the relationship between the auditory and visual aspects in ways that go against the grain. An example is the use of light shows in both psychedelic rock and classical music concerts in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
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Harper, Steven. First Vision. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199329472.001.0001.
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Joseph Smith, the founder of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, remembered that his first audible prayer, uttered in spring 1820, resulted in a vision of heavenly beings who forgave him and told him Christianity had gone astray. “The Mormon narrative,” according to a 2012 blog post, “seems to always start with a young boy who asked God a question one spring morning in 1820.” That is true if one qualifies the always, for it has not always been so. When and why and how did Joseph Smith’s “first vision,” as Latter-day Saints or “Mormons” know the event, become their seminal story? What challenges did it face along the way? What changes did it undergo as a result? Can it possibly hold its privileged position against the tides of doubt and disbelief, memory studies, and source criticism—all in the information age? First Vision tells how Joseph Smith—by remembering his past in various present contexts—opened the way for alternatives, how saints chose the collective memory they did, and what difference it has made for them and their critics. This book is the biography of a contested memory and how it was born, grew, changed the world, and was changed by it.
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Humphreys, Adam. Bull’s Political Vision. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779605.003.0018.
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Although Bull is often identified as a theorist of international society, this volume has shown that there is more to The Anarchical Society than international society, narrowly construed. The contemporary relevance of Bull’s work is clearest when we recognize the flexibility of his conceptual framework and, in particular, the often overlooked potential of his concept of the ‘world political system’, of which modern international society is only a part. It is also helpful to recognize the provisional nature of Bull’s intellectual priorities and of his empirical and evaluative judgements. Bull’s argument that international society provides the surest route to world order reflected his judgement at ‘present’ and we can revise it today without doing violence to his intellectual project. This concluding essay highlights the flexibility of Bull’s approach and the provisional nature of his judgements while also reviewing the limits of this flexibility and identifying possible future directions of inquiry.
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Curtis, Cathy. A Generous Vision. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190498474.001.0001.
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Elaine de Kooning (1918–1989) was a noted art critic and artist, and a prime mover in the New York art world. She was a vivacious social catalyst. Her sparkling wit enlivened meetings of the Club, nights at the Cedar Tavern, and chance conversations on the street. Her droll sense of humor, generosity of spirit, and freewheeling spending were as legendary as her ever-present cigarette. An incisive writer, she pinpointed the essence of artists as diverse as Franz Kline and August Renoir, and deftly refuted pompous critical rhetoric. As a painter, she melded Abstract Expressionism with her lifelong interest in bodily movement to capture the characteristic postures of portrait sitters ranging from artist and writer friends to President John F. Kennedy. Driven to focus on a single theme for years at a stretch, she produced multiple paintings reflecting her fascination with people and animals in motion; her subjects include bullfighting, basketball, Paleolithic cave paintings, and a multi-figure sculpture in the Jardin du Luxembourg in Paris. Married to Willem de Kooning from 1943 until her death, she credited him as her greatest influence. Although the couple separated in 1957, after episodes of unfaithfulness on both sides, nearly two decades later she bought a house near his to rescue him from severe alcoholism. Rather than being overshadowed by his fame, she said, she worked “in his light.”
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Sudlesky, Linda, and Steven C. Schachter, eds. Visions. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190692070.001.0001.
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Advocating for people with epilepsy is a call to action that is answered by many people with epilepsy and their families and friends. Over the past 25 years, there has been a surge in grassroots efforts to support epilepsy research and increase community awareness. Visions: The Inspirational Journeys of Epilepsy Advocates contains stories from people, who after being directly affected by epilepsy, made efforts to improve the lives of people with epilepsy. Whether a person with epilepsy, a parent, a spouse, a sibling, or a friend, the journeys of the advocates and the advocacy efforts exemplified in this book are creative, brave, and inspirational. Each story takes the reader through the advocate’s journey from epilepsy to advocacy, describing their motivation, the advocacy work, and the importance of advocacy for people with epilepsy.
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Nelson, Eric. Republican Visions. Edited by John S. Dryzek, Bonnie Honig, and Anne Phillips. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199548439.003.0010.
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This article examines republican conception of political theory in Europe during the early modern period. It explains that there were two distinct kinds of republican political theory. One was Roman in origin and the other was Greek which valued the natural ordering of the state made possible by the regulation of wealth. The article discusses republicanism in Italy and suggests that the battle between Rome and Greece defined the development of republican political theory throughout the early-modern period.
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Omaswa, Francis, and Nigel Crisp. The future: vision and challenges. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198703327.003.0024.
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Chapter 24 draws together the major themes from throughout the book and identifies the lessons that can be learned for Africa and for the rest of the world. It concludes by offering a vision for the future, which can be achieved if Africans ‘claim their own future’, if there continues to be sufficient global solidarity to support health around the world, and if the countries of the continent develop a clear vision of ‘health made at home’.
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Wallis, Charles, and Wayne Wright. Enactivism's Vision: Neurocognitive Basis or Neurocognitively Baseless? Edited by John Bickle. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195304787.003.0012.
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This article aims to clarify the central commitment and the claimed advantages of enactivism, a theoretical approach for understanding the mind. The analysis reveals that there is no compelling reason to embrace either the enactivists' aim of completely revolutionizing vision science or their understanding of the character of that new vision science. There are also numerous serious empirical and conceptual problems for even the more modest enactivism. This article discusses enactivist responses to empirical evidence cited as posing difficulties for enactivism and considers areas of neuroscience deemed highly relevant but that remain unconsidered by enactivism.
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Grewal, J. S. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199467099.003.0028.
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Master Tara Singh was drawn into Sikh politics by the Gurdwara Reform Movement as a form of service for the Sikh Panth. Around 1930 he regarded ‘service of the country as an integral part of the Sikh faith’. For him there was no clash between Sikh nationality and Indian Nationalism. Statutory dominance of one community over another, in his view, was opposed to the spirit of democracy and moral justice. He favoured a system of government in which political safeguards were provided for all religious communities, particularly the minorities. Master Tara Singh stood for a state that would ensure freedom for all the social and cultural ethnicities of India to enable them to play a significant role in national affairs. His vision of free India was very different from that of Jawaharlal Nehru. They cherished two different ideologies and two different visions of the national state.
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St John, Taylor. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789918.003.0010.
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The conclusion identifies how the book’s findings relate to contemporary debates. The terms of today’s debate were set decades ago: all visions of investor–state arbitration’s future define themselves in terms of the clash between public and private paradigms—a clash created by drafters over fifty years ago. In 1962, Broches thought there were insurmountable political obstacles to creating an investment court. He may still be right, and this chapter enumerates issues that governments must grapple with to create a “public” court system. Since governments are unlikely to make the compromises necessary for a “public” vision to be fully realized, a “private” system may, paradoxically, be the best way to serve public interests.
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Martin, Graham R. Birds in the Dark: Complementary and Partial Information. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199694532.003.0006.
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Night-time poses exacting problems for vision, resolution inevitably falls and colour vision is not possible as light levels decrease to those of natural night time. Furthermore, light levels are highly variable depending upon whether there is moonlight, and night length changes dramatically in the annual cycle according to latitude. Few birds exploit the resources available at night. Those that do rely upon information received from vision complemented by information from other senses (hearing, olfaction, and touch), and upon highly specialized and restricted behaviours. However, many birds occasionally exploit night-time, e.g. during migration, arriving and departing from nests, and occasional night feeding. Some seabirds dive to such depths that they experience night-time light levels when foraging. Truly nocturnal species such as owls, kiwi, and oilbirds are highly sedentary, and this is essential to allow them to interpret correctly the partial information that is available to them.
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ter Haar, Barend J. The Divine Presence. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803645.003.0005.
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Statues and other images were central in the worship of the anthropomorphic deities that became increasingly popular from the Song onwards. Stories would be attached to them, both more personal recent memories and collectively transmitted miracles from the more distant past. These images and stories structured how people imagined the deity and what he was capable of. They enabled them to identify the deity when he appeared to them in a dream, in a vision, or even in real life. This chapter follows the ways in which people encountered Lord Guan in temples and shrines, as well as in dreams and visions, and how they actively enacted him in ritual theatre and different forms of spirit possession. It closes by looking at some of the stories that local people in some regions told of the deity’s early life, again with the aim of making him more real and more imaginable.
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Jill, Beaulieu, Roberts Mary 1965-, and Ross Toni, eds. Refracting vision: Essays on the writings of Michael Fried. Sydney [N.S.W.]: Power Publications, 2000.
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Beaulieu, Jill, Toni Ross, and Mary Roberts. Refracting Vision : Essays on the writings of Michael Fried. University of Illinois Press, 2000.
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Jill, Beaulieu, Roberts Mary 1965-, and Ross Toni, eds. Refracting vision: Essays on the writings of Michael Fried. Sydney [N.S.W.]: Power Publications, 2000.
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20
Colmeiro, José. Peripheral Visions / Global Sounds. Liverpool University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9781786940308.001.0001.
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Galician audio/visual culture has experienced an unprecedented period of growth following the process of political and cultural devolution in post-Franco Spain. This creative explosion has occurred in a productive dialogue with global currents and with considerable projection beyond the geopolitical boundaries of the nation and the state, but these seismic changes are only beginning to be the subject of attention of cultural and media studies. This book examines contemporary audio/visual production in Galicia as privileged channels through which modern Galician cultural identities have been imagined, constructed and consumed, both at home and abroad. The cultural redefinition of Galicia in the global age is explored through different media texts (popular music, cinema, video) which cross established boundaries and deterritorialise new border zones where tradition and modernity dissolve, generating creative tensions between the urban and the rural, the local and the global, the real and the imagined. The book aims for the deperipheralization and deterritorialization of the Galician cultural map by overcoming long-established hegemonic exclusions, whether based on language, discipline, genre, gender, origins, or territorial demarcation, while aiming to disjoint the center/periphery dichotomy that has relegated Galician culture to the margins. In essence, it is an attempt to resituate Galicia and Galician studies out of the periphery and open them to the world.
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Borris, Kenneth. The Calender’s Visions of Beauty. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807070.003.0004.
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By reconsidering the main female exemplars of beauty in Spenser’s Shepheardes Calender, this chapter shows that the admiration of beauty is central there, as it is also in early modern Platonic poetics. As in the Phaedrus, beauty for Spenser inspires visionary apprehension; yet unlike Plato the poet links this stimulus to literary pursuit of the sublime. Platonism associated genuine beauty with truth and goodness, and Spenser likewise assumes that his Calender’s esthetic disclosures foster wisdom and virtue in at least some readers, and hence in the nation. However, whereas Plato valorizes philosophy for illuminating truth, Spenser advocates the enraptured poetic imagination endued with learning. In doing so, he seeks to circumvent, insofar as possible, the intrinsic limitations of words, images, and written discourse, such as those that Plato had identified in the Phaedrus. This reading newly illuminates the strategies of Spenser’s visionary poetics.
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Moffat, John W. The Shadow of the Black Hole. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190650728.001.0001.
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The author visits one of the two Laser Interferometer Gravitational- Wave Observatory (LIGO) sites in the United States, at Hanford, Washington. This is where scientists are detecting gravitational waves generated by faraway merging black holes and neutron stars. He meets the people who work there and has discussions with some of them. The director gives him a tour of the LIGO experimental installation, describing the work, the technological details of the apparatus, and answers his questions. On the final day of the visit, the author gives a talk to the LIGO group on gravitational waves and on an alternative gravitational theory.
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Payne, Andrew. The Form of the Good I. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799023.003.0008.
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This chapter discusses the premise that understanding the Form of the Good is the unintended end or purpose of philosophic inquiry in the sense of Plato’s functional teleology of action. It begins the presentation of this theme by introducing the three images that Socrates uses to convey his beliefs about the Form of the Good: the Sun, the Divided Line, and the Cave. A motif common to these images is the role of vision as an analogue to knowledge. Plato’s theory of vision in the Timaeus is examined in detail. The image of the Divided Line in particular conveys the thought that we exercise vision for the sake of directing our thought toward intelligible objects. The present chapter concludes with an overview of the comparison Plato frequently employs between vision and knowledge.
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Bolt, Paul J., and Sharyl N. Cross. Historical Foundations, Strategic Visions, and World Order. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198719519.003.0001.
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Chapter 1 explores perspectives on world order, including power relationships and the rules that shape state behavior and perceptions of legitimacy. After outlining a brief history of the relationship between Russia and China that ranged from cooperation to military clashes, the chapter details Chinese and Russian perspectives on the contemporary international order as shaped by their histories and current political situation. Chinese and Russian views largely coincide on security issues, the desirability of a more multipolar order, and institutions that would enhance their standing in the world. While the Chinese–Russian partnership has accelerated considerably, particularly since the crisis in Ukraine in 2014, there are still some areas of competition that limit the extent of the relationship.
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Kerby, Lauren R. Saving History. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469658773.001.0001.
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Millions of tourists visit Washington, D.C., every year, but for some the experience is about much more than sightseeing. Lauren R. Kerby’s lively book takes readers onto tour buses and explores the world of Christian heritage tourism. These expeditions visit the same attractions as their secular counterparts—Capitol Hill, the Washington Monument, the war memorials, and much more—but the white evangelicals who flock to the tours are searching for evidence that America was founded as a Christian nation. The tours preach a historical jeremiad that resonates far beyond Washington. White evangelicals across the United States tell stories of the nation’s Christian origins, its subsequent fall into moral and spiritual corruption, and its need for repentance and return to founding principles. This vision of American history, Kerby finds, is white evangelicals’ most powerful political resource—it allows them to shapeshift between the roles of faithful patriots and persecuted outsiders. In an era when white evangelicals’ political commitments baffle many observers, this book offers a key for understanding how they continually reimagine the American story and their own place in it.
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Gee, Emma. Mapping the Afterlife. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190670481.001.0001.
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This book is a tour of afterlife landscapes from Homer to Dante. It argues that the topography of the afterlife in Greek and Roman tradition, and in Dante, reflects the state of “scientific” knowledge at the time of the various contexts in which we find it, and the landscape of the Other World is a way of exploring and assimilating the shape of this world. This book posits that there is a dominant spatial idiom in afterlife landscapes, which the author calls the “journey-vision paradigm.” By this she means the presence of two kinds of space in afterlife representations—the horizontal journey of the soul across the afterlife landscape, and a synoptic vision of the universe. This has, in studies of individual texts, often been characterized as an inconsistency or anomaly: many scholars have argued that the vision of the universe is out of place in the underworld landscape. However, when one looks across the entire tradition, one finds that afterlife landscapes, almost without exception, contain these two kinds of space in one form or another. The function of this double vision of space—the journey-vision paradigm—is an attempt to harmonize the underworld, as the landscape of the soul, with the “scientific” universe, and to understand humanity in terms of the cosmos, and vice versa.
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Macpherson, Fiona, ed. Sensory Substitution and Augmentation. British Academy, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266441.001.0001.
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Sensory substitution and augmentation devices are built to try to replace or enhance one sense by using another sense. For example, in tactile–vision, stimulation of the skin driven by input to a camera is used to replace the ordinary sense of vision that uses our eyes. The feelSpace belt aims to give people a magnetic sense of direction using vibrotactile stimulation driven by a digital compass. This volume brings together researchers—neuroscientists, psychologists and philosophers—who are developing these technologies, studying the minds and behaviour of subjects who use them. There is a particular focus on the nature of the perceptual experiences, the sensory interactions, and the changes that take place in the mind and brain over time that occur while using and training to use these technologies. Essays address the nature, limits and possibilities of sensory substitution and augmentation, how they might be used to help those with sensory impairments, and what they can tell us about perception and perceptual experience in general.
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Ball, Philip. The Elements: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780192840998.001.0001.
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The Elements: A Very Short Introduction traces the history and cultural impact of the elements on humankind, and examines why people have long sought to identify the substances around them. Looking beyond the Periodic Table, our relationship with matter is examined, from the uncomplicated vision of the Greek philosophers who believed there were four elements — earth, air, fire, and water — to the work of modern–day scientists in creating elements such as hassium and meitnerium. This VSI is an exploration of the fundamental question: what is the world made from?
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Dodds, Chris, Chandra M. Kumar, and Frédérique Servin. Postoperative care and analgesia. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198735571.003.0011.
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There are many reasons for delayed recovery, but, usually, it is due to residual effects of anaesthetic agents/premedication. There are guidelines for recognizing and managing these cases. Emergence delirium may be dangerous, and it should be recognized and treated as an emergency. Elderly patients may have impaired hearing and vision. Spectacles and hearing aids should be given back to them as soon as possible in the recovery area to limit disorientation. Pain and its intensity may be difficult to recognize and quantify in the elderly. Increased inter-individual variability in the elderly means that titration to effect rather than a fixed dosage is essential, and when the mental status of the patient allows it, patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is quite appropriate.
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Ruse, Michael. Moving Forward. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190867577.003.0012.
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The Augustinian vision of humankind, on which so much Christian thinking about war is based, is false. Thanks to Darwinian evolutionary biology we know there was no original couple, Adam and Eve; there was no eating of the apple; there is no original sin. We are not innately depraved in this way. Morbid fatalism is inappropriate. The killer-ape vision of humankind, on which so much Darwinian thinking about war is based, is equally false. Thanks to updated Darwinian evolutionary biology, we know that we did not evolve in the violent ways often presumed, and that in major respects we are designed to avoid war. Culture, particularly agriculture, changed much of that and war became common. Changing this is not to go against our nature. Naïve optimism is no more in place. There is hope of more constructive engagement between Christians and Darwinians. On the Christian side, there are alternative theologies to Augustinian Atonement theology, notable Incarnational theology, not dependent on a literal Adam and Eve. On the Darwinian side, there are fresh empirical findings and interpretations, with truer understandings of human history and nature. Perhaps now, together, we can move forward the debate on the nature and causes and possible ending of human warfare.
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Chubb, Charles, Joseph Darcy, Michael S. Landy, John Econopouly, Dan Bindman Jong-Ho Nam, and George Sperling. The Scramble Illusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0096.
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A “scramble” is a visual texture in which different gray levels are randomly mixed together. Past research has demonstrated that human vision has three dimensions of sensitivity to the different sorts of scrambles that can be created by varying the proportions of different gray levels included in the scramble. This chapter demonstrates two scrambles with dramatically different gray level histograms that appear identical unless the observer is specifically instructed to scrutinize each of them individually. It is argued that people fail to notice any difference between these two scrambles because there exist only three distinct classes of texture-sensitive neurons in the human brain that are differentially sensitive to scrambles, and in each of them these two scrambles produce identical levels of activation.
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Telotte, J. P. Animating the Science Fiction Imagination. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190695262.001.0001.
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Before flying saucers, robot monsters, and alien menaces invaded the movies of the 1950s, there was already a significant body of animated science fiction, produced by such studios as Disney, the Fleischers, and Terrytoons. That work has largely been overlooked or forgotten, despite the fact that the same pre-World War II era that produced this group of short films also saw the more prominent development and flourishing of SF as a literary genre. This book surveys that neglected body of work to show how it helped contribute to the burgeoning SF imagination that was manifested in pulp literature, serials, feature films, and even World’s Fairs of the era. It argues that prewar cartoons helped to create a familiarity with the scientific and technological developments that were spurring that SF imagination and build an audience for this new genre. Demonstrating the same modernist spirit as SF literature and feature films, these cartoons adopted many of the genre’s most important motifs (rockets and space travel, robots, alien worlds and their inhabitants, and fantastic inventions and inventors), offered comic visions of the era’s growing fascination with science and technology, and framed that matter in a nonthreatening fashion. Popular animation thereby not only added another dimension to the SF imagination, but also helped prepare postwar audiences to embrace SF’s vision of the future and of inevitable change.
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King, Daniel. Aretaios of Kappodokia. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810513.003.0003.
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This chapter turns to the neglected author, Aretaios of Kappodokia, and his nosological writings. Aretaios develops an anatomically informed vision of pain perception which employs Aristotelian ideas about perception; he describes these symptoms in a manner which combines specific and formal medical terminology with more quotidian language and metaphors for various pain symptoms. This combination of linguistic registers helps provide a structure for the recognition and diagnosis of different symptoms and their conditions. Aretaios combines these two aspects of his nosology with a vision of the patient and his interaction with them that emphasizes their joint, heroic confrontation of pain and disease. Aretaios stresses, ultimately, the patient’s and doctor’s joint or combined confrontation of pain and disease.
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Coppens, Pieter. Seeing God in Sufi Qur'an Commentaries. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474435055.001.0001.
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The Islamic hereafter is often imagined as a place of corporeal reward or punishment. But what is the place of this corporeal hereafter in the imagination of renunciant mystics who wish to completely renounce God’s creation for His sake? Isn’t Paradise after all part of God’s creation as well? Should it be hoped for, or is there something more quintessential awaiting the mystic: seeing God? And how then can this transcendental God be seen? Is it a vision with the eye or with the heart, or both? And is this vision only reserved for the hereafter or can those passionately longing for it already obtain a taste of this reward during this-worldly life? This study sheds light on these questions by discussing the mediaeval mystical exegesis of some key verses on seeing God.
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Leonard, Bill J. Baptists in North America. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199683710.003.0010.
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This chapter considers an unlikely trio of groups who opposed the Evangelical Protestant mainstream in nineteenth-century America: the Unitarians, the Quakers, and the Shakers. Each had to navigate two different forms of dissent: the external and the internal. When deciding how best to revise or contradict the hegemonic forms of Protestantism, these groups had certain goals and methods for interacting with those outside their fellowship. In time, they each also had to face a more pernicious adversary, the second generation of dissenters that grew within their own ranks. While these disparate traditions may appear to have little in common, each body faced many of the same questions as they asserted their distinct form of external cultural and religious correction. When articulating a theological vision that went against the mainstream, they had to determine how to serve that particular vision in a culture that did not share their theological views. Some withdrew from contact with outsiders and used their enclaves as a way to practise and preserve their vision of orthodoxy and orthopraxy. On the other hand, there were groups that deliberately sought to model correct religion for others, and thereby hoped to transform other religious groups by disseminating their theological vision beyond the confines of any type of self-imposed seclusion. As the decades passed, though, both sorts of groups were surprised by the inevitable challenges to their founding orthodoxy from within their own membership. This dissent among dissenters was, of course, an outgrowth of the very impulse that stood behind the earlier establishment of the group. Subsequent generations of membership often failed to realize that belonging to a group of dissenters might require adherence to a detailed theological vision. This tension between founding theology and ongoing interpretation could leave a Dissenting group hierarchy in the awkward position of having to restrict innovation, an irony not lost on subsequent generations of members. This chapter asks how Unitarians, Shakers, and Quakers in nineteenth-century America addressed these two aspects of Dissent: external and internal. How did each group perceive their relationship to American culture and other more mainstream religious groups? How did they encounter and negotiate dissent from within their ranks? In each group there was an evolution over the course of the nineteenth century that complicates any interpretation of these multifaceted embodiments of Protestant Dissenting traditions in the United States.
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Oates, Rosamund. ‘A Hot-Arsed Queen’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198804802.003.0005.
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This chapter shows how Matthew drew on the resources of the Church and laity to pursue his vision of conforming Puritanism. Puritanism was a communal faith, and this chapter demonstrates how important the local community was in supporting godly reform and culture, including preaching exercises and fasts. Matthew’s experience in Durham reveals how extended networks, strengthened by marriage, sustained the political and spiritual identity of Puritanism outside London and the universities. This chapter explores Matthew’s domestic life and its importance for his career. His wife, Frances Barlow, was part of a powerful clerical dynasty, but while she developed a model of the ideal clerical wife, there were, however, problems in the Matthews’ marriage. This chapter also explores Tobie Matthew’s attempts to reform Durham chapter and redirect the resources of the cathedral to pursue his vision of godly reform.
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Ray, Sumantra (Shumone), Sue Fitzpatrick, Rajna Golubic, Susan Fisher, and Sarah Gibbings, eds. Monitoring. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199608478.003.0013.
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This chapter discusses the role and responsibilities of monitors/CRAs seeking to improve awareness of their role in a global industry becoming more and more technologically focused. How the role is changing through the introduction of risk based monitoring. Often the only liaison between the Sponsor and each study site, CRAs are crucial to the successful completion of a clinical trial and need to be armed with appropriate knowledge and training to conduct their visits. Successful monitoring requires experience, people skills, management ability and knowledge – of the protocol, CRFs, study drug/device, therapeutic area, regulations and SOPs. In this chapter this spectrum of roles and responsibilities is presented in a concise and understandable format. Questions such as: What type of person makes a good monitor? EDC and/or paper? How – and how often – to monitor? are addressed. There are helpful tips and strategies on a variety of topics, notably preparing a monitoring plan; how to identify and assess potential investigators; preparing for a Study Initiation Visit; eCRFs and remote monitoring; thorough Source Data Verification; how to report monitoring visits plus example checklists associated with site visits and review of the Investigator Site File. The guidance provided in this chapter should help CRAs perform their essential role in encouraging good, high quality research - and provide an insight into the CRA role to those whose work is being monitored.
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Beckwith, Sarah. Hamlet’s Ethics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190698515.003.0009.
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“Hamlet’s Ethics” argues that the critical question of delay in Hamlet has blinded readers to the play’s exploration of questions of agency and vision. The so-called indecision of Hamlet at the point of action is framed in the play, but in such a way as to expose and altogether overturn the prototype of revenge. What does it mean to be the author of one’s own acts, and what does one become in doing them? What are the ends of action? Hamlet opens out these questions of what we become by virtue of our acts. In so doing this tragedy offers us an object lesson in ethics, but not as a question of either obligation or choice, but as a question of the vision by which the world comes into focus for us at all.
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Delaney, Douglas E. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198704461.003.0008.
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This work concludes that the War Office had a consistent vision of what they wanted from the armies of the empire, a vision embodied in an imperial army project. The aim of the project was to create a system that would allow combinations of military forces from across the empire in time of war. It endured four-plus decades and two global wars because the conditions that compelled it endured. The population of Great Britain was always small relative to most other great powers and there were always more actual or potential military commitments than the British Army could meet. Neither the dominions nor India could be told what to do, but, because their armies were organized and equipped on British lines, they were useful and effective when their governments decided to join in imperial war efforts, as they did so massively during the two world wars.
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Saunders, Corinne. Voices and Visions: Mind, Body and Affect in Medieval Writing. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474400046.003.0023.
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A properly critical medical humanities is also a historically grounded medical humanities. Such historical grounding requires taking a long cultural perspective, going beyond traditional medical history – typically the history of disease, treatment and practice – to trace the origins and development of the ideas that underpin medicine in its broadest sense – ideas concerning the most fundamental aspects of human existence: health and illness, body and mind, gender and family, care and community. Historical sources can only go so far in illuminating such topics; we must also look to other cultural texts, and in particular literary texts, which, through their imaginative worlds, provide crucial insights into cultural and intellectual attitudes, experience and creativity. Reading from a critical medical humanities perspective requires not only cultural archaeology across a range of discourses, but also putting past and present into conversation, to discover continuities and contrasts with later perspectives. Medical humanities research is illuminated by cultural and literary studies, and also brings to them new ways of seeing; the relation is dynamic. This chapter explores the ways mind, body and affect are constructed and intersect in medieval thought and literature, with a particular focus on how voice-hearing and visionary experience are portrayed and understood.
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Frattarola, Angela. Modernist Soundscapes. University Press of Florida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056074.001.0001.
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Modernist Soundscapes questions how early twentieth-century auditory technologies altered sound perception, and how these developments shaped the modernist novel. As the phonograph, telephone, talkie, and radio created new paths for connectivity and intimacy, modernist writers such as Dorothy Richardson and Virginia Woolf were crafting characters intimately connected by the prosody of voice, music, and the soundscape. As headphones piped nonlocal sounds into a listener’s headspace, Jean Rhys and James Joyce were creating interior monologues that were shaped by cosmopolitan and bohemian sounds. As the phonograph and tape recorder aestheticized noise through mechanical reproduction, Virginia Woolf and Samuel Beckett were deploying onomatopoeia and repetition to aestheticize words and make them sound out. Modernist Soundscapes encourages us to listen to these auditory narratives in order to grasp how the formal and linguistic experiments we have come to associate with modernism are partially a consequence of this historical attentiveness to sound. This heightened awareness of audition coincided with an emerging skepticism toward vision. Indeed, modernist writers turned to sound perception as a way to complicate the dominance of vision—a sensibility rooted in Greek philosophy that equated seeing with knowledge and truth. Without polarizing vision and audition, this book reveals how modernists tend to use auditory perception to connect characters, shifting the subject from a distanced, judgmental observer to a reverberating body, attuned to the moment.
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de Vignemont, Frédérique. The Immunity of the Sense of Ownership. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198735885.003.0004.
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Are bodily self-ascriptions immune to error through misidentification (IEM)? It is classically assumed that I can be wrong about whose legs are crossed when I have access to them through vision, but not through proprioception. Although the epistemic difference between vision and proprioception is intuitive, one may question its generality. Judgements of ownership that are grounded on bodily sensations can indeed be incorrect, whereas the body can be visually presented in such a way that it can be only one’s own body. This chapter will reconsider which experiences can ground bodily judgements that manifest IEM. This will help us analysing the relationship between the phenomenological phenomenon of bodily ownership and the epistemic phenomenon of IEM. The chapter will argue that it is important to keep the two phenomena apart: one should not conceive of feelings of ownership as the phenomenological counterpart of bodily IEM.
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Madary, Michael. Visual Phenomenology. The MIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262035453.001.0001.
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The main argument of the book is as follows: (1) The descriptive premise: The phenomenology of vision is best described as an ongoing process of anticipation and fulfillment. (2) The empirical premise: There are strong empirical reasons to model vision using the general form of anticipation and fulfillment. (AF) Conclusion: Visual perception is an ongoing process of anticipation and fulfillment. The book consists of three parts and an appendix. The first part of the book makes the case for premise (1) based on descriptive claims about the nature of first-person experience. The initial support for (1) in Chapter 2 is based on the fact that visual experience has the general features of being perspectival, temporal, and indeterminate. Chapter 3 includes an argument for (1) based on the possibility of surprise when appearances do not change as we expect, and Chapter 4 contains a discussion of the content of visual anticipations. The second part of the book focuses on empirical support. Chapter 5 covers a range of evidence from perceptual psychology that motivates premise (2). Chapter 6 turns to evidence from neuroscience, including recent work in predictive coding. The seventh chapter shows how evidence for the two-visual systems hypothesis can be re-interpreted in support of (2). The third part of the book turns to general methodological questions (Chapter 8) and the relationship between visual perception and social cognition (Chapter 9). The appendix addresses the ways in which Husserlian phenomenology relates to the main theme of the book.
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Parkhouse, Sarah. Matter and the Soul. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814801.003.0011.
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The theme of eschatology is not usually identified by exegetes as particularly emphasized in the Gospel of Mary, though it should be. The two primary teachings, the dialogue between the Saviour and his disciples and Mary’s recollection of her vision, are predominantly eschatological in nature, the former being concerned with the earthly realm and the latter the heavenly. The earthly realm is the created cosmos made of ‘matter’, destined for dissolution owing to its inherent instability, whereas the heavenly is the home of the ‘Soul’, the goal of its perilous post-mortem journey past hostile spiritual powers that seek to bar its way. Despite obvious differences with the Olivet Discourse of Matthew 24 and parallels, there are multiple points of convergence with the eschatological teachings within the canonical gospels. Starting from the Gospel of Mary, this chapter explores connections between eschatological thinking on both sides of the canonical boundary.
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Ilan, Jonathan, and Gregory J. Snyder. Graffiti. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935383.013.144.
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Graffiti writing is often intensely policed despite being a relatively low-harm crime. Graffiti can be read by members of the public as a visual indicator of lawlessness and thus induce a certain amount of alarm. While there are a range of different kinds of graffiti, the most ubiquitous is that practiced by subcultural “writers.” Research indicates that there is an order and logic to writing. Writers often cultivate skills, experiences, and dispositions that imbue them with particular value in the postindustrial economy, offering them heightened career prospects. Graffiti and street art are increasingly featured as part of mainstream commercial aesthetics, even as unsanctioned writing continues to be met with zero-tolerance policing and tough situational crime prevention measures. Ultimately, writing can be managed in a more subculturally sensitive manner that better balances the needs and visions of different kinds of urban residents in local contexts.
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Curtis, Clark. The Odyssey for Democracy: Embracing the Vision of Hope and Change in Bosnia and Herzegovina. J. Murrey Atkins Library at UNC Charlotte, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/9781469666334_curtis.
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Mirsad Hadžkadić never planned for a life in politics. Yet, in 2018, he decided to run for the Bosniak presidential council seat in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Mirsad made the life-changing decision to run, despite the fact that he had a successful, thirty-year career as a professor at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and very little experience in politics outside of academia. However, a conversation with a dear friend from Sarajevo planted the idea in his mind. Samir Avdaković suggested that he run for office because “there may never be another election in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the country as we know it will probably disintegrate.” The words rumbled within Mirsad’s mind for the next several months, and he thought to himself, “if what Samir says is so, who am I, because of the comforts I have, to decide not to even try?” After announcing his intentions on national TV in January of 2018, Mirsad began this journey in earnest in May of 2018 by building a campaign from the ground up with the hope of instilling a vision of hope and change and shifting the country’s political discourse. However, he soon learned that the odds were stacked against him. He only had five months and limited funds to prove to the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina that he deserved their votes. And so, he took his meager funds, limited time, and infinite passion to do just that. He toured the country, meeting and talking with citizens, to share his vision of hope and change. Though Mirsad was not victorious on October 7th, his results were deemed historic and unprecedented. A relatively unknown, underfunded independent candidate managed to receive 60,000 votes or ten percent of the total votes cast. And, despite the defeat, Mirsad succeeded in spearheading a democratic movement, resulting in the formation of the Platform for Progress political organization in November of 2018 and the official dawning of The Odyssey for Democracy.
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More, Alison. Order and Identity in Women’s Communities. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807698.003.0006.
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Texts associated with women’s houses and writings of female religious show that women were active in educating the sisters under their care and shaping the identities of their communities. There are relatively few surviving female-authored writings. Those that exist are geographically and chronologically dispersed. However, the manuscript (and later printed) circulation of such texts and translations makes considering them as a group logical. The picture that emerges from an analysis of these texts allows a sideways glimpse into the inner workings of a community of extra-regular women. Building on the analysis in Chapter 4, this chapter examines the models of holiness found in the texts written or copied by women. Close examination reveals that instead of the narratives of institutionalization found in prescriptive texts, the theological vision of these women shows a remarkable and energetic openness to diverse paths towards holiness.
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Assefa, Fiseha. Part III The Relationship Between the Judiciary and the Political Branches, 11 Relations Between the Legislature and the Judiciary in Ethiopia. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198759799.003.0012.
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This chapter examines the relationship between the judiciary and the legislature in Ethiopia. The country has adopted a parliamentary system of government, but by contemporary standards, it has some unusual features. Its governments have historically blended judicial and executive functions, leaving the position of the judiciary somewhat unclear, and the Supreme Court has not tended to assert its power. There are signs of the use of legislative overrides to reverse individual decisions, and of ouster clauses to transfer jurisdiction on various issues from the courts to administrative tribunals within the executive. Although lower courts have attempted to review decisions of these tribunals, the Supreme Court has overruled them on the basis that it lacks jurisdiction. The highest ranks of the judiciary therefore seem to be accepting of a vision of the separation of powers in which other branches define the judicial role.
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Garland, David. 1. What is the welfare state? Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199672660.003.0001.
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There are three general conceptions used for the welfare state: the first characterizes the welfare state as welfare for the poor; the second focuses on social insurance, social rights, and social services; and the third highlights economic management and the role that the ‘government of the economy’ plays in every welfare state. ‘What is the welfare state?’ explains that welfare states are varied, complex, and difficult to define. There is no simple theory that clearly expresses what they do, no simple vision that neatly captures what they are for. The welfare state is a damage-limiting, problem-solving device rather than anyone’s ideal social relationship.
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DeJonge, Michael P. Bonhoeffer on Resistance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824176.001.0001.
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A recent flurry of references to Dietrich Bonhoeffer in the context of political resistance shows that the story of his struggle against the Third Reich continues to animate imaginations across a broad political spectrum. Curious readers have long had access to a variety of Bonhoeffer biographies, all of which devote space to his resistance. And there are more specialized historical treatments that place his story in the context of the broader resistance to the Nazis. Beyond these biographical and historical accounts, however, there has been no comprehensive and accessible account of Bonhoeffer’s resistance thinking. He was, after all, not only a resister but a theologian in resistance, trained by vocation to reflect on and write about what the message of the Bible and the tradition of Christian theology might have to say about political life. In this book, internationally recognized Bonhoeffer scholar Michael DeJonge provides an account of Bonhoeffer’s resistance thinking as a whole, situated in the context of his thinking about political life in general and ultimately in the context of his theology. He presents Bonhoeffer’s resistance thinking chronologically according to three phases of development and systematically according to a sixfold typology of resistance. Overall, what emerges is Bonhoeffer’s surprisingly systematic, differentiated, and well-developed vision of political resistance anchored by his vision of the word of God entrusted to the church.