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Journal articles on the topic 'Thermo-wood'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Birkinshaw, C., M. Buggy, and A. Carew. "Thermo-mechanical behaviour of wood and wood products." Journal of Materials Science 24, no. 1 (1989): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00660981.

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2

Laskowska, Agnieszka. "Impact of cyclic densification on bending strength and modulus of elasticity of wood from temperate and tropical zones." BioResources 15, no. 2 (2020): 2869–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.2.2869-2881.

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Oak (Quercus robur L.), iroko (Milicia excelsa (Welw.) C.C. Berg), and tauari (Couratari spp.) wood were subjected to cyclic thermo-mechanical treatment (CTMT). The densification temperature amounted to 100 °C or 150 °C. The greatest changes in the modulus of rupture (MOR) value of the iroko wood, depending on the number of thermo-mechanical modification cycles, were noted. The MOR of the iroko wood, densified at 100 °C or 150 °C, after second thermo-mechanical modification cycle was twice as high as before the modification. No significant differences were observed between the modulus of elast

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3

Chen, Hongyan, Mohsen Bahmani, Miha Humar, and Dali Cheng. "Properties of Wood Ceramics Prepared from Thermo-Modified Poplar." Forests 11, no. 11 (2020): 1204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11111204.

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Wood ceramics (WCS) were prepared from thermo-modified poplar wood residues and untreated poplar wood. At 1000 °C sintering temperature, the ratios of wood powder and phenolic resin at 10:3, 10:6 and 10:9 were tested. The effects of materials on the properties of WCS, carbon yield and volume shrinkage were studied. With the increase in resin content, the carbon yield increased; however, the volume shrinkage decreased. Carbon yield of WCS made from 220 °C thermo-modified poplar wood was 40.45%, as the ratio of wood powder/phenolic resins was 10:6. The microstructure, chemical structure and crys

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4

Fleischhauer, Robert, Jens U. Hartig, Peer Haller, and Michael Kaliske. "Moisture-dependent thermo-mechanical constitutive modeling of wood." Engineering Computations 36, no. 1 (2018): 2–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-09-2017-0368.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is the numerical investigation of densification and molding processes of wood. Providing theoretical and numerical approaches with respect to a consistent multi-physical finite element method framework are further goals of this research.Design/methodology/approachConstitutive phenomenological descriptions of the thermo-mechanical and moisture-dependent material characteristics of wood are introduced. Special focus is given to a consistent hygro-thermo-mechanical modeling at finite deformations to capture the realistic material behavior of wood, especially when

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5

Navi, Parviz, and Fred Girardet. "Effects of Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Treatment on the Structure and Properties of Wood." Holzforschung 54, no. 3 (2000): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2000.048.

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Summary A process has been developed for densifying wood by thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) means. The resulting product is then called THM densified wood. Small specimens of different wood species, with or without knots, were densified in their radial, tangential and transversal directions. Tests on THM densified wood show significant improvement in mechanical properties. THM densified wood is less hygroscopic and more stable, with almost no shape memory. We have shown that the shear strength of wood in its grain direction increases more than tenfold by THM treatment. This article gives testing

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6

Khezami, Lotfi, Aissa Ould-Dris, and Richard Capart. "Activated carbon from thermo-compressed wood and other lignocellulosic precursors." BioResources 2, no. 2 (2007): 193–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.2.2.193-209.

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The effects of thermo-compression on the physical properties such as bulk density, mass yield, surface area, and also adsorption capacity of activated carbon were studied. The activated carbon samples were prepared from thermo-compressed and virgin fir-wood by two methods, a physical activation with CO2 and a chemical activation with KOH. A preliminary thermo-compression method seems an easy way to confer to a tender wood a bulk density almost three times larger than its initial density. Thermo-compression increased yield regardless of the mode of activation. The physical activation caused str

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7

Sandberg, Dick, Peer Haller, and Parviz Navi. "Thermo-hydro and thermo-hydro-mechanical wood processing: An opportunity for future environmentally friendly wood products." Wood Material Science and Engineering 8, no. 1 (2013): 64–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2012.751935.

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8

Bouaphavong, Douangta. "Review of Heat Effect for wood Properties." Souphanouvong University Journal Multidisciplinary Research and Development 10, no. 3 (2024): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.69692/sujmrd100343.

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This study aimed to analyse the effect of physical and mechanical properties of thermally wood. The study compiled information from review of literature that related to the thermo wood. One-way and two factors ANOVA table were used to analyses data. The result showed that thermo wood property was affected based on physical and mechanical. Physical property effective was density decreasing but improved biological durability. Mechanical property like hardness was increasing, but tension, MOR, compression was decreasing and MOE was not change.

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9

Edmunds, Charles W., Ilona Peszlen, Vincent L. Chiang, et al. "Thermo-mechanical behavior of genetically modified Populus trichocarpa." BioResources 14, no. 2 (2019): 4760–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.2.4760-4773.

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Wood processing is often performed at elevated temperatures under moisture-saturated conditions; therefore, it is important to understand the impact of the lignin content and lignin chemical structure on the thermo-mechanical properties of wood. In this study, genetically modified Populus trichocarpa wood specimens with down-regulated cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, cinnamate 3-hydroxylase, and cinnamate 4-hydroxylase with altered lignin contents and/or lignin structures were utilized to probe the relationship between the lignin content, lignin monomer composition, and thermo-mechanical proper

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10

Tuyen, Nguyen Thi, Pham Van Chuong, and Vu Kim Dung, al. et. "Resistance of Cunninghamia lanceolata Wood Against White-rot Fungi by Using Thermo-Mechanical Treatment." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, no. 92 (March 1, 2023): 178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jac.92.178.186.

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Heat treatment is an effective method to enhance the biological durability of wood without the use of preservatives. This study aims to analyze the effect of thermo-mechanical treatment on the durability of wood against the attack of some white rot fungi. The central composite design (CCD) method with the help of Design Expert 12.0 software was used to investigate the effects of temperature, compression time, and compression ratio on the white rot fungus resistance of Cunninghamia lanceolata wood. The obtained results revealed that the thermo-mechanical treatment of Cunninghamia lanceolata sam

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11

de Lima, Nídia Niela, Vinícius Resende de Castro, Nayara Franzini Lopes, et al. "Tannin extracts as a preservative for pine thermo-mechanically densified wood." BioResources 18, no. 1 (2022): 641–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.1.641-652.

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Thermo-mechanical densification modifies wood to produce a more dense and resistant lignocellulosic material and may degrade extractives that contribute to the increased susceptibility of wood to attack by xylophagous organisms. This study evaluated the efficiency of tannin extracts of Acacia mearnsii in the treatment of thermo-mechanical densified pine wood in relation to physical, mechanical, and biological resistance (Cryptotermes brevis) properties. Pinus elliottii samples were pretreated with oxalic acid in a Parr reactor, then treated by diffusion in tannin solutions at concentrations 5,

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12

Tabari, Hassan Ziaei, Fateme Rafiee, Habibolah Khademi-Eslam, and Mohammad Pourbakhsh. "Thermo-Chemical Evaluation of Wood Plastic Nanocomposite." Advanced Materials Research 463-464 (February 2012): 565–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.463-464.565.

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Most applications expose the materials to wide range of temperatures, which may influence on thermal behavior of materials. Thermal degradation of wood polymer composites (WPCs) is a crucial aspect for application and manufacturing process of these products. In this research, wood polymer composites with different nanoclay contents were prepared by melts compounding method. The amount of wood flour and coupling agent were fixed at 40% and 10% wt% (total weight), respectively, and the different levels of nanoclay include 0, 3 and 5% wt% were used in preparing the composites. Thermal properties

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13

Zheng, Qingzhu, Weifeng Zhang, Huiping Lin, Junwen Yu, Wenbin Yang, and Xinxiang Zhang. "Plasma Treatments to Improve the Bonding of Thermo-Treated Cherry Wood." Coatings 9, no. 10 (2019): 656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9100656.

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Thermal treatment can significantly improve the dimensional stability of wood, but it will decrease the bonding strength. In this work, the bonding strength of thermo-treated cherry wood boards was improved by plasma treatment. The change of wettability, surface morphology, and surface chemical property of cherry wood before and after plasma treatment was investigated by water contact angle measurement, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The plasma treatment significantly improved the wettability of thermo-treated cher

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14

Sun, De Lin, Xian Chun Yu, De Bin Sun, and Rong Wang. "Woodceramics Prepared form Liquefaction Wood and Wood Powder." Applied Mechanics and Materials 190-191 (July 2012): 585–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.190-191.585.

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A woodceramics makes from liquefaction wood and wood powder, the basic property connects with sintering temperature and liquefaction wood content. Thermo gravimetric analysis indicates that higher liquefaction wood content lead to reduce the weight loss. Scanning electron microscopy observation shows that wood powder is as a natural plant template and the basic structure of wood can partly keep. The apparent density increases before about 1100°C, and then decreases as temperature gets further; but the apparent porosity increases continuous; bending strength increases from 8.45 MPa to 11.87 MPa

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15

Budakçı, Mehmet, Süleyman Şenol, and Mustafa Korkmaz. "Effects of Thermo-Vibro-Mechanic® densification on the density and swelling of pre-treated Uludağ fir and black poplar wood." BioResources 16, no. 1 (2021): 1581–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.1.1581-1599.

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The radial and tangential swelling as well as the fully dried density of low-density wood materials densified via the Thermo-Vibro-Mechanic® method were evaluated in response to applying wood stain and preservative. The samples obtained from Uludağ fir (Abies bornmüelleriana Mattf.) and black poplar (Populus nigra L.) in the radial and tangential direction were pre-treated with wood stain and preservative before undergoing Thermo-Vibro-Mechanic® densification. Thermo-Vibro-Mechanic® densification was performed at three different temperatures (100 °C ± 3 °C, 120 °C ± 3 °C, and 140 °C ± 3 °C), t

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16

Budakçı, Mehmet, Süleyman Şenol, and Mustafa Korkmaz. "Thermo-Vibro-Mechanic® (TVM) wood densification method: Mechanical properties." BioResources 17, no. 1 (2022): 1606–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.1.1606-1626.

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A densification method is proposed and developed to improve the mechanical properties of Uludağ fir (Abies bornmüelleriana Mattf.) and black poplar (Populus nigra L.) woods. The method, called Thermo-Vibro-Mechanic® densification, is derived from the hypothesis that the vibration added to the traditional thermo-mechanical densification process can cause the wood cell walls to interlock with each other at the micro-level via the friction effect. In addition, it aims to remove the cell cavities under lower pressure compared to other densification methods via the shaking effect. To test this hypo

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17

Kutnar, Andreja, Dick Sandberg, and Peer Haller. "Compressed and moulded wood from processing to products." Holzforschung 69, no. 7 (2015): 885–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2014-0187.

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Abstract This paper presents the state of the art of different wood densification processes as one emerging process technology. The main principles for the processes are discussed, such as bulk and surface densification, bending, moulding of shells and tubes, as well as methods for reducing the shape memory effect of densified wood. The main challenges are in the field of scaling up to industrial applications. To provide a better understanding with this regard, some relevant scientific results are presented. Furthermore, the discussion considers the contribution of thermo-hydro and thermo-hydr

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18

He, Zaixin, Yanran Qi, Gang Zhang, et al. "Mechanical Properties and Dimensional Stability of Poplar Wood Modified by Pre-Compression and Post-Vacuum-Thermo Treatments." Polymers 14, no. 8 (2022): 1571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14081571.

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Fast-growing poplar wood has the bottleneck problems of inferior mechanical strength and poor dimensional stability. In this study, the wood was modified by combined treatments of pre-compression and post-vacuum-thermo modification to improve its mechanical strength and dimensional stability, simultaneously; in addition, the variation law of mechanical properties of the wood with compression ratio as well as the improvement effect of dimensional stability of the treated wood were mainly studied. The results show that the optimal temperature and time of the vacuum-thermo modification were 190 °

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19

Mecca, Marisabel, Luigi Todaro, Valentina Lo Giudice, Teresa Lovaglio, and Maurizio D’Auria. "GC-MS and SPME Techniques Highlighted Contrasting Chemical Behaviour in the Water Extractives of Modified Castanea sativa Mill. and Fagus sylvatica L. Wood." Forests 12, no. 8 (2021): 986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12080986.

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The sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) are wood species largely present in the European forest area. The composition and relative variation of the secondary metabolites of chestnut and European beech wood under thermal effect is a little-explored area. The wood material was thermally modified at 170 °C for 3 h using a thermo-vacuum technology. Raw and modified wood extracts were obtained with aqueous extraction techniques in an autoclave, subsequently lyophilized, solubilized in ethyl acetate, and determined by Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric

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20

Zamani, Seyedeh Masoomeh, Reza Hajihassani, and Saman Ghahri. "Bio-Durability and Engineering Characteristics of Heat-Treated Poplar Wood." Drvna industrija 74, no. 4 (2023): 469–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5552/drvind.2023.0041.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of brown rot fungus Coniophora puteana activity on physical and mechanical properties as well as biological resistance of heat-treated poplar wood. Two poplar wood species (Populus deltoids and Populus nigra) were heat-treated by thermo-wood (Thermo-D) method. Control and heat-treated specimens were exposed to brown rot fungus C. puteana for 16 weeks. Physical and mechanical characteristics of specimens including density, compression strength parallel to the grain and impact strength were evaluated before and after exposure to fungus. Mass loss

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21

Laskowska, Agnieszka, Monika Marchwicka, Agata Trzaska, and Piotr Boruszewski. "Surface and Physical Features of Thermo-Mechanically Modified Iroko and Tauari Wood for Flooring Application." Coatings 11, no. 12 (2021): 1528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11121528.

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The aim of the study was to determine the selected surface and physical properties of iroko (Milicia excelsa (Welw.) C.C. Berg) and tauari (Couratari spp.) wood after thermo-mechanical treatment (TMT) in relation to extractive content. During TMT, no chemicals are introduced into the wood, which distinguishes this method from a number of wood modification methods. The iroko and tauari wood were subjected to volumetric densification in a hydraulic press. The wood was densified in a radial direction at a temperature of 100 and 150 °C. The wood color parameters were measured using the mathematica

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22

Goldšteins, Linards, Māris Gunārs Dzenis, Raimonds Valdmanis, Maija Zaķe, and Alexandr Arshanitsa. "Thermo-Chemical Conversion of Microwave Selectively Pre-Treated Biomass Blends." Energies 15, no. 3 (2022): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030755.

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Possibilities of more efficient use of regional lignocellulosic resources (wood, wheat straw, peat) of different origin for an environmentally friendly energy production using selectively MW pre-treated blends of commercial wood or wheat straw pellets with raw peat pellets are studied. A hypothesis is proposed and tested that selective MW pre-treatment of wood or wheat straw pellets at the frequency 2.45 GHz and blending of MW pre-treated pellets with raw peat pellets can be used to enhance and control the thermo-chemical conversion of biomass blends. To test this hypothesis, a combined experi

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23

Navi, Parviz, and Frédéric Heger. "Combined Densification and Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Processing of Wood." MRS Bulletin 29, no. 5 (2004): 332–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2004.100.

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AbstractThe process of heating and compressing wood to improve its properties or reform it to a new shape has been known for decades. Such improvements are usually accompanied by “shape memory,” where the deformation produced by compression is not permanent, and the material recovers when re-moistened and heated. The combination of densification and a thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) treatment can transform wood into a new material with improved mechanical properties, decreased sensitivity to moisture, increased durability, and no shape-memory effects. This article presents the principles of comb

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24

Pockrandt, Michael, Mohamed Jebrane, Ignazia Cuccui, Ottaviano Allegretti, Ernesto Uetimane, and Nasko Terziev. "Industrial Thermowood® and Termovuoto thermal modification of two hardwoods from Mozambique." Holzforschung 72, no. 8 (2018): 701–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2017-0153.

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AbstractThe study aimed at treating metil (Sterculia appendiculataK. Schum) and neem (Azadirachta indicaA. Juss) timber from Mozambique under industrial conditions by steam [Thermowood®(TW)] and vacuum [Termovuoto (TV)] thermal modifications (TM). Matched boards were treated identically and wood alterations in chemistry, colour, mass loss (ML), mechanical properties and durability were compared. The applied vacuum partly removed the acetic acid that causes carbohydrate degradation, i.e. heat applied under vacuum was less destructive. TM under vacuum generated a lighter colour than that caused

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25

Kumar, Manoj, P. L. Sah, M. G. H. Zaidi, and Anupam Srivastav. "Thermal Characterization of Low Grade Wood Polyacylonitrile Composite." Advanced Materials Research 214 (February 2011): 392–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.214.392.

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A series of wood polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composites (WPCs) were synthesized through impregnation polymerization of Eucalyptus wood (Eucalyptus Grandies) by acrylonitrile (AN) in methanol (20-60% v/v) in the presence of benzoyl peroxide (1.0% w/v) in benzene medium at 70 ±10C. This resulted in corresponding WPCs with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) loading in the range of 15.5-20%. Loading of PAN into wood, as ascertained through TGA, DTGA and DTA and supported by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) as well as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was found to increase the resistance against th

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26

Fu, Qilan, Xiang-Ming Wang, Alain Cloutier, and Fabrice Roussière. "Chemical characteristics of thermo-hydrolytically recycled particles." BioResources 15, no. 2 (2020): 3774–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.2.3774-3786.

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Particles from waste laminated particleboards were recovered using various thermo-hydrolytic treatments. The size distribution and three main chemical properties, such as pH, buffer capacity, and nitrogen content of the control and resulting particles were determined. The effects of treatment temperature and duration on the chemical properties of recycled particles were investigated. The effects of the resulting particles on the gel time of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin were also measured. The test results suggested that the pH of particles after hot water soaking pre-treatment and the differen

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27

Zashchepkina, N. M., O. V. PROKOPOVICH, and D. S. MAKARENKO. "Thermal modification of wood by the method of thermo-mechanical dehydration with pressure drop." Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology 106 (January 15, 2019): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7748.

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Thermal Modification of Wood by the Method of Thermo-Mechanical Dehydration with Pressure Drop. The results of experimental research of thermal wood processing by the method of high temperature drying with pressure drop are presented. Drying was carried out cyclically by heating the material under pressure to the temperature 100-140 oC followed by pressure drop. After that the temperature was raised up 160-210 oC and the samples were processed briefly in those conditions. This treatment is shown to be effective for largesized wood.

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28

Cai, Chenyang, Henrik Heräjärvi, and Antti Haapala. "Effects of environmental conditions on physical and mechanical properties of thermally modified wood." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 49, no. 11 (2019): 1434–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2019-0180.

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The behaviour of industrially modified wood has not been systematically evaluated in controlled exposure conditions. The objective of this study was to assess the equilibrium moisture content (EMC), dimensions, and Brinell hardness of thermally modified wood in different conditions of temperature and relative humidity (RH). Tested materials consisted of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) that were thermally modified according to ThermoWood industrial processes into the classes Thermo-S and Thermo-D. The properties

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29

Sultan, Md Tipu, Md Rezaur Rahman, Sinin Hamdan, and Md Faruk Hossen. "Physical, and Thermal Properties of Wood Impregnated with a Mixture of Furfuryl Alcohol, Styrene, and Nanoclay." Materials Science Forum 997 (June 2020): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.997.29.

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In this study, raw wood (RW) samples were impregnated with a mixture of furfural alcohol (FA), styrene (ST), and nanoclay of varying concentration of FA and ST. These impregnated wood and RWsamples were then subjected to FTIR, water uptake (WU), and thermal studies. The FT-IR results at 1600-1800 cm-1 showed that the ST/FA/clay-WPNCs had different peak numbers with different positions compared with the RW. So, there was an interaction between RW, FA, ST and clay. The WU of ST/FA/clayimpregnated wood is lower than RW. In thermo gravematric result, below 100 °C the impregnated wood samples had l

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30

Shaikhutdinova, Aigul Ravilevna, Ruslan R. Safin, and Farida V. Nazipova. "Thermal Modification of Wood in Production of Finishing Materials." Solid State Phenomena 265 (September 2017): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.265.171.

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The ways of wood thermal treatment applied in Russia and abroad and the scopes of thermo wood as a construction material are considered in the article. The technology of thermal treatment of high moisture wood with moisture content of 60% in the environment of saturated steam without preliminary drying, developed by authors, is described. The results of the research of the color scale change of oak wood depending on the processing temperature and treatment duration, and also the influence of thermal treatment on the main mechanical properties of thermally modified wood as the finishing materia

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31

Schwarze, Francis W. M. R., and Melanie Spycher. "Resistance of thermo-hygro-mechanically densified wood to colonisation and degradation by brown-rot fungi." Holzforschung 59, no. 3 (2005): 358–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2005.059.

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Abstract Colonisation and wood degradation by three brown-rot fungi, Coniophora puteana, Gloeophyllum trabeum and Poria placenta, were studied in wood of Norway spruce (Picea abies) subjected to three different treatments: hygro-thermal (TH) (160 and 180°C), mechanical densification and thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) treatment including densification and post-treatment under saturated steam conditions at different temperatures (140, 160 and 180°C). The weight loss induced by all three fungi was lowest in THM-densified wood post-treated at 180°C. Highest weight losses were recorded for controls

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32

Lovaglio, Teresa, Wolfgang Gindl-Altmutter, Tillmann Meints, Nicola Moretti, and Luigi Todaro. "Wetting Behavior of Alder (Alnus cordata (Loisel) Duby) Wood Surface: Effect of Thermo-Treatment and Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD)." Forests 10, no. 9 (2019): 770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10090770.

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The main purpose of this study was to investigate the hydrophobic effect and chemical changes induced by thermo-treatment and alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) on the surface properties of Alder (Alnus cordata (Loisel) Duby) wood before and after an artificial weathering test. Thermal treatment was conducted at a temperature of 200 °C for 4 h in a thermo-vacuum cylinder. Then, the paper sizing agent, AKD at different concentrations of a solution of 0.1%, 0.5% and 10% was used as a potential hydrophobizing reagent for untreated and thermally treated alder wood surfaces. The contact angle measurement, AT

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33

Dömény, Jakub, Martin Brabec, Radim Rousek, Lauri Rautkari, and Petr Čermák. "Effect of microwave and steam treatment on the thermo-hygro-plasticity of beech wood." BioResources 16, no. 4 (2021): 8338–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.4.8338-8352.

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The effects of microwave and steam treatment were analyzed relative to the immediate (thermo-hygro-plasticity) and post-assessed (permanent changes) properties of wood. The study was conducted using European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) standard and 1.5 times up-scaled (only for microwave-heated and reference samples) bending specimens tested in a static three-point loading mode. The specimens were plasticized by heat and moisture (1) separately and (2) simultaneously by heating moist specimens using (i) various microwave regimes in continuous mode, and (ii) heated saturated steam in discontinuo

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34

Oukach, Soufiane, Hassan Hamdi, Mohammed El Ganaoui, and Bernard Pateyron. "Protective Plasma Sprayed Coating forThermo-Sensitive Substrates." MATEC Web of Conferences 307 (2020): 01039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202030701039.

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Plasma spray is one of the surface treatment techniques that consist on the deposition of a thin coating onto a targeted substrate. Coating is built up by successive accumulation of layered splats resulting from impact and solidification of molten particles into thin ‘‘splats’’ onto the substrate. The process of droplet impact, spreading and solidification is then a crucial process in coating formation. This technique may be also used for thermo-sensitive materials such as wood by applying a metallic coating for protective or decorative purposes. However, when applying a ceramic coating which

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35

Shaikhutdinova, Aigul Ravilevna, Ruslan R. Safin, and A. E. Voronin. "Technologies for Manufacturing of Moisture-Resistant Products from Modified Wood." Materials Science Forum 945 (February 2019): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.945.281.

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Wood, as a finishing and building material, has always been given special attention. Wood has many positive properties, but it's no secret that faced with its shortcomings such as fragility, instability of form and susceptibility to decay, people often prefer synthetic materials, putting aside the ecology and useful properties of wood and choosing the long life of non-natural materials. In this regard experts around the world are constantly searching for new solutions aimed at improving the physical, mechanical and operational properties of wood, which would allow a person to limit the use of

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Navi, Parviz, and Antonio Pizzi. "Property changes in thermo-hydro-mechanical processing." Holzforschung 69, no. 7 (2015): 863–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2014-0198.

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Abstract Thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) treatment is a combined action of temperature, moisture, and mechanical force, which leads to modified wood (THMW). Various types of eco-friendly THM processes have been developed to enhance wood properties and generate new materials, such as welding, densification, molding, bending, profiling, artificial aging, panel manufacture, and surface densification. The various transformation processes in the course of THM bring about positive effects in terms of the mechanical and physical properties as well as the biological durability. To the negative effects b

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Копылов, Николай Петрович, Александр Евгеньевич Кузнецов, Елена Юрьевна Сушкина, and Владимир Васильевич Яшин. "Study of the kinetics of thermal and thermal-oxidative destruction of treated with flame retardants and untreated wood (Part 2)." Pozharnaia bezopasnost`, no. 4(101) (December 7, 2020): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37657/vniipo.pb.2020.101.4.005.

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Проведена серия экспериментов по оценке огнезащитного действия антипиренов на древесину. Исследования выполнены для бишофита на специально созданной экспериментальной установке. Кинетика выделения дымового аэрозоля изучалась с помощью фотометра фотоэлектрического ФАН, а для проведения количественных расчетов абсолютных значений дымовых аэрозолей применялся отбор проб на фильтры АФА-ВП. Количественные оценки скоростей различных стадий термической и термоокислительной деструкции получены методом формально-кинетического расчета. The choice of flame retardants as additives to water when extinguish

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Grinins, Juris, Bruno Andersons, Ilze Irbe, et al. "Thermo-hydro treated (THT) birch veneers for producing plywood with improved properties." Holzforschung 70, no. 8 (2016): 739–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2015-0155.

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Abstract The effect of thermo-hydro treatment (THT) on the properties of birch (Betula spp.) wood veneers has been studied. THT was carried out in a multi-functional pilot scale wood modification device of wood treatment technology (WTT, Latvia) under elevated water vapor pressure conditions at four combinations of temperature and treatment time (°C/min): 150/10; 150/50; 160/10 and 160/50. After THT, the following veneer properties were examined: mass loss (ML), chemical composition, bending strength (BS), tensile strength (TS), equilibrium moisture content (EMC), resistance to decay by mould

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Dubey, Manoj Kumar, Shusheng Pang, Shakti Chauhan, and John Walker. "Dimensional stability, fungal resistance and mechanical properties of radiata pine after combined thermo-mechanical compression and oil heat-treatment." Holzforschung 70, no. 8 (2016): 793–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2015-0174.

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Abstract The dimensional stability and mechanical properties of radiata pine (Pinus radiata) has been investigated after thermo-mechanically compression (TMC) followed by oil heat-treatment (OHT). Wood specimens were first compressed in the radial direction then heat-treated in a linseed oil bath at 160–210°C. Spring-back percentage, water repellence efficiencies, and compression set recovery percentage were determined as indicators of dimensional stability. The resistance of treated wood against a brown rot fungi was assessed based on an accelerated laboratory fungal decay test. Strength, sti

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VILLA, KEVEN, CESAR ECHAVARRIA, and DANIELA BLESSENT. "Wood walls insulated with coconut fiber." DYNA 86, no. 210 (2019): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n210.73685.

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Solid wood gives the shape to walls, while panels are the coating and they are nailed or screwed to the wood sections. In the cavities between the wood elements and the panels, a thermal and acoustic insulator must be added. Unfortunately, almost all of the currently used insulators (mineral wool, expanded polystyrene, polyurethane) are not biodegradable and require the use of vapor barriers (polyethylene sheets, aluminum foils, etc.) that deteriorate rapidly and that are relatively environmentally unfriendly. In this article, the use of coconut fiber instead of conventional insulators is sugg

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R. Shaikhutdinova, A., R. R. Safin, F. V. Nazipova, and S. R. Mukhametzyanov. "Use of Thermo-Modified Wood Massif in Making Parametric Exterior Furniture." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.36 (2018): 1112. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.36.25045.

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This paper proposes the use of an array of heat-treated wood of various species to make parametric furniture for the purpose of operation in the exterior, and on objects in conditions of high humidity. The dependence of change in the color range of thermowoods depending on the temperature and duration of treatment is presented. Experiments were carried out to study the biological stability of thermally modified wood treated by various technologies including: vacuum-convective thermal modification in superheated steam, convective thermal modification in high-pressure saturated steam, as well as

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Miljkovic, Jovan, Ivana Grmusa, Milanka Djiporovic, and Zorica Kacarevic-Popovic. "The influence of fire retardants on the properties of beech and poplar veneers and plywood." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 92 (2005): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf0592111m.

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Rising demands for fire resistance properties of wood construction and elements matching new standards have been an important part of building codes during the last decade. On the other side, lack of more detailed research on interaction between wood species and selected fire retardant chemicals even with basically one is evident. This is particularly truth with domestic wood species. In this research, beech and poplar veneers were immersed in 25% solutions of monoammonium phosphate (MP) and sodium acetate (SA) and impregnated for different periods of time. To determine the preliminary level o

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Şenol, Süleyman, and Mehmet Budakçı. "Effect of Thermo-Vibro-Mechanic® Densification Process on the Gloss and Hardness Values of Some Wood Materials." BioResources 17, no. 4 (2019): 9611–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.4.9611-9627.

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This study aimed to determine the gloss and hardness values of low-density wood materials densified using the Thermo-Vibro-Mechanic® (TVM) method after pretreatment with wood stain and wood preservative. This was carried out with a TVM density press that was designed and produced with the support of project 115O138 of the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK). The samples obtained from Uludağ fir (Abies bornmüelleriana Mattf.) and black poplar (Populus nigra L.) were pretreated with wood stain and wood preservative prior to the TVM densification process. The TVM den

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Rojas Vega, Carlos, Juan Carlos Pina, Emanuela Bosco, Erick I. Saavedra Flores, Carlos F. Guzman, and Sergio J. Yanez. "Thermo-mechanical analysis of wood through an asymptotic homogenisation approach." Construction and Building Materials 315 (January 2022): 125617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125617.

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Knapic, Sofia, Joana Santos, José Santos, and Helena Pereira. "Natural durability assessment of thermo-modified young wood of eucalyptus." Maderas. Ciencia y tecnología, ahead (2018): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-221x2018005031801.

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Borysiak, Slawomir. "The thermo-oxidative stability and flammability of wood/polypropylene composites." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 119, no. 3 (2014): 1955–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-014-4341-y.

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Nourbakhsh, A., A. Ashori, H. Ziaei Tabari, and F. Rezaei. "Mechanical and thermo-chemical properties of wood-flour/polypropylene blends." Polymer Bulletin 65, no. 7 (2010): 691–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00289-010-0288-8.

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Windeisen, Elisabeth, Claudia Strobel, and Gerd Wegener. "Chemical changes during the production of thermo-treated beech wood." Wood Science and Technology 41, no. 6 (2007): 523–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00226-007-0146-5.

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Bekhta, Pavlo, Stanisław Proszyk, Tomasz Krystofiak, and Barbara Lis. "Surface wettability of short-term thermo-mechanically densified wood veneers." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 73, no. 3 (2015): 415–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00107-015-0902-4.

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Gangi, Michael J., Brian Y. Lattimer, and Scott W. Case. "Scale modeling of thermo-structural fire tests of wood members." Engineering Structures 294 (November 2023): 116699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116699.

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