Academic literature on the topic 'Thermodynamic cycle'

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Journal articles on the topic "Thermodynamic cycle"

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Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina. "Teaching Reitlinger Cycles To Improve Students' Knowledge And Comprehension Of Thermodynamics." MECHANICS, MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING JOURNAL. - ISSN 2412-5954 2016, no. 1 (2016): 78–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3367256.

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The second law of thermodynamics puts a limit on the thermal efficiency of heat engines. This limit value is the efficiency of the ideal reversible engine represented by the Carnot cycle. During the lectures on physics, the emphasis on this cycle is generally so strong that students could be induced to consider the Carnot cycle as the only cycle having the best thermal efficiency. In fact, an entire class of cycles exists possessing the same maximum efficiency: this class is that of the regenerative Reitlinger cycles. Here we propose to teach also these cycles to the engineering students of ph
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Tuttle, Kenneth L., and Chih Wu. "Computer-Based Thermodynamics." Journal of Educational Technology Systems 30, no. 4 (2002): 427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/b0x1-r5pw-lcyj-yyme.

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A new computer-based approach to teaching thermodynamics is being developed and tried by two mechanical engineering professors at the U.S. Naval Academy. The course uses sophisticated software, in this case CyclePad, to work all of the homework problems. A new text, written with traditional theory but computer-based problems, accommodates the new approach. The new course is scheduled for Fall Term 2001 at the Naval Academy. Computer-based thermodynamics courses teach the same theory as traditional thermodynamics courses as well as the same types of problems. However, traditional thermodynamic
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Rashkovskiy, S. A. "Hamiltonian Thermodynamics." Nelineinaya Dinamika 16, no. 4 (2020): 557–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20537/nd200403.

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It is believed that thermodynamic laws are associated with random processes occurring in the system and, therefore, deterministic mechanical systems cannot be described within the framework of the thermodynamic approach. In this paper, we show that thermodynamics (or, more precisely, a thermodynamically-like description) can be constructed even for deterministic Hamiltonian systems, for example, systems with only one degree of freedom. We show that for such systems it is possible to introduce analogs of thermal energy, temperature, entropy, Helmholtz free energy, etc., which are related to eac
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Rivera, Wilfrido, Karen Sánchez-Sánchez, J. Alejandro Hernández-Magallanes, J. Camilo Jiménez-García, and Alejandro Pacheco. "Modeling of Novel Thermodynamic Cycles to Produce Power and Cooling Simultaneously." Processes 8, no. 3 (2020): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8030320.

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Thermodynamic cycles to produce power and cooling simultaneously have been proposed for many years. The Goswami cycle is probably the most known cycle for this purpose; however, its use is still very limited. In the present study, two novel thermodynamic cycles based on the Goswami cycle are presented. The proposed cycles use an additional component to condense a fraction of the working fluid produced in the generator. Three cycles are modeled based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics: Two new cycles and the original Goswami cycle. The results showed that in comparison with the orig
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Tozer, R. M., and R. W. James. "Cold Generation Systems: A Theoretical Approach." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 209, no. 4 (1995): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1995_209_008_01.

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The objective of this study was to derive the thermodynamic formulae for ideal combined driving and cooling cycles when the objective of the overall cycle is to produce cooling by using a high-temperature heat source. For this it has been necessary to investigate absorption cooling thermodynamics and to focus on the analysis of one-, two- and three-stage cycles and multi-stage cycles in general. This paper has investigated the absorption thermodynamic principles involved to obtain simple formulae, in a similar way to the Carnot cycle. The first driving cycle considered has a high-temperature s
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Miao, Jian-Guo, Chun-Wang Wu, Wei Wu, and Ping-Xing Chen. "Entropy Exchange and Thermodynamic Properties of the Single Ion Cooling Process." Entropy 21, no. 7 (2019): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21070650.

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A complete quantum cooling cycle may be a useful platform for studying quantum thermodynamics just as the quantum heat engine does. Entropy change is an important feature which can help us to investigate the thermodynamic properties of the single ion cooling process. Here, we analyze the entropy change of the ion and laser field in the single ion cooling cycle by generalizing the idea in Reference (Phys. Rev. Lett. 2015, 114, 043002) to a single ion system. Thermodynamic properties of the single ion cooling process are discussed and it is shown that the Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
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Panarella, Emilio. "Energy saving and climate change mitigation through improved thermodynamic efficiency." Physics Essays 33, no. 3 (2020): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-33.3.283.

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The second Law of Thermodynamics is fundamental in the analysis of thermodynamic cycles. It dictates that the conversion of heat to work is limited. It reaches an upper limit in a classical thermodynamic cycle, and such a limit is provided by the Carnot cycle, which is the most efficient. Motivated by a recent allowance of a patent to this author (U.S. Patent 10,079,075), the present study tutorially attempts to expand on the subject and shows that the efficiency can go above the Carnot efficiency, provided a novel cycle is used, and heat, rather than being discarded, is recirculated in the sa
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Silva, Jojomar Lucena, and José Raimundo Novaes Chiappin. "A geometria como instrumento heurístico da reformulação da termodinâmica na representação de ciclos para a de potenciais." Principia: an international journal of epistemology 21, no. 3 (2018): 291–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1808-1711.2017v21n3p291.

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History shows that up to 1870’s, the thermodynamic cycles, particularly Carnot’s cycle, were the most important heuristic instruments as much to formulate the general laws of physics as well to deduce the experimental laws. From this moment on, this instrument falls into disuse with surprising rapidity. At the end of this decade emerges a new thermodynamic formulation, proposed by Gibbs, the thermodynamics of the potentials. This sudden transition from thermodynamic of cycles to potentials was triggered by the difficult to approach the emergence of the phase transition phenomena with the diagr
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Fang, Xiaona, and Jin Wang. "Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics in Cell Biology: Extending Equilibrium Formalism to Cover Living Systems." Annual Review of Biophysics 49, no. 1 (2020): 227–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biophys-121219-081656.

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We discuss new developments in the nonequilibrium dynamics and thermodynamics of living systems, giving a few examples to demonstrate the importance of nonequilibrium thermodynamics for understanding biological dynamics and functions. We study single-molecule enzyme dynamics, in which the nonequilibrium thermodynamic and dynamic driving forces of chemical potential and flux are crucial for the emergence of non-Michaelis-Menten kinetics. We explore single-gene expression dynamics, in which nonequilibrium dissipation can suppress fluctuations. We investigate the cell cycle and identify the nutri
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Betelmal, E. H., and Mohamed A. Naas. "The Value of Kalina Cycle in Engineering." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation XI, no. IX (2024): 1028–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2024.1109084.

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Environmental issues and lack of energy resources have led to the utilization of industrial waste heat in thermodynamic applications to improve the performance of thermodynamic cycles and keep pace with climate change. This work examines the modified thermodynamic Kalina cycle to compare different cycle efficiencies. We then evolve the exergy balance equation for it to apply to each cycle component. Furthermore, we discuss future technologies for the modified Kalina cycle using a new working fluid.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Thermodynamic cycle"

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Yang, Chen. "Thermodynamic Cycles using Carbon Dioxide as Working Fluid : CO2 transcritical power cycle study." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Tillämpad termodynamik och kylteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-50261.

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The interest in utilizing the energy in low‐grade heat sources and waste heat is increasing. There is an abundance of such heat sources, but their utilization today is insufficient, mainly due to the limitations of the conventional power cycles in such applications, such as low efficiency, bulky size or moisture at the expansion outlet (e.g. problems for turbine blades). Carbon dioxide (CO2) has been widely investigated for use as a working fluid in refrigeration cycles, because it has no ozonedepleting potential (ODP) and low global warming potential (GWP). It is also inexpensive, non‐explosi
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LEAL, MARCO AURELIO. "THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF A REFRIGERATION CYCLE USING AN EJECTOR." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1992. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=19458@1.

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Apresenta-se neste trabalho uma análise termodinâmica comparativa entre o desempenho de um ciclo de refrigeração que usa um ejetor como um pré-expansor do fluido refrigerante e um ciclo padrão de refrigeração por compressão de vapor. Na primeira etapa do trabalho é desenvolvido um modelo matemático em regime é desenvolvido um modelo matemático em regime permanente baseado na primeira Lei da Termodinâmica para cada um dos ciclos estudados. O modelo é capaz de prever o funcionamento de cada um dos componentes do ciclo, assim como do sistema geral. Ao modelo do ejetor é dada uma especial atenção.
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Conlon, Paul. "Thermodynamic analysis of supercharged, fuel-injected two-stroke cycle engines." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317435.

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Arthur, Daniel Tettey. "Hybrid thermodynamic life cycle assessment of gasoline and ethanol blends." The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1406030567.

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Brown, Mark. "Simulations for thermodynamic analyses of transcritical carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle and reheat dehumidification air conditioning cycle." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001599.

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Santos, Ana Paula Pereira dos. "Thermodynamic analysis of gas turbine cycle using inlet air cooling methods." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2012. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2024.

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This work focuses on a comparative analysis among three compressor inlet air cooling techniques using a thermodynamic approach to simulate the gas turbine cycle. Firstly, a Base Case is tested to determine the gas turbine performance without any cooling method. The effect of site altitude on the power output gas turbine even without any cooling technique is also simulated. After, the evaporative cooling, absorption and mechanical refrigeration chillers are studied under different ambient temperature and relative humidity. Results showed that the cooling potential of the evaporative system is d
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Hemadri, Vinayak B. "Thermodynamic analysis and optimization of multi-pressure, multi-component organic rankine cycle." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2016. http://localhost:8080/iit/handle/2074/7039.

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Moxon, Matthew. "Thermodynamic analysis of the Brayton-cycle gas turbine under equilibrium chemistry assumptions." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9237.

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A design-point thermodynamic model of the Brayton-cycle gas-turbine under assumptions of perfect chemical equilibrium is described. This approach is novel to the best knowledge of the author. The model uniquely derives an optimum work balance between power turbine and nozzle as a function of flight conditions and propulsor efficiency. The model may easily be expanded to allow analysis and comparison of arbitrary cycles using any combination of fuel and oxidizer. The model allows the consideration of engines under a variety of conditions, from sea level/static to >20 km altitude and flight
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Blanco, Cavero Diego. "Assessment and optimization of the indicated cycle with a 0D thermodynamic model." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/115934.

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[ES] Las amenazas a las que se enfrentan los motores de combustión interna, tales como emisiones contaminantes, agotamiento del petróleo o el auge de otros tipos de motores (vehículo eléctrico), vinculan el futuro de los vehículos propulsados por este tipo de motor a la mejora del mismo en cuanto a consumo de combustible y a emisiones contaminantes se refiere. Adicionalmente, la alta exigencia de la normativa actual y venidera está forzando a las empresas de automoción a centrarse en el desarrollo de estrategias innovadoras dirigidas a aumentar el rendimiento del motor con baja repercusión en
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Martin, Christopher L. "Study of cooling production with a combined power and cooling thermodynamic cycle." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0008332.

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Books on the topic "Thermodynamic cycle"

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. ANL-RBC: A computer code for the analysis of Rankine bottoming cycles, including system cost evaluation and off-design performance. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1986.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. ANL-RBC: A computer code for the analysis of Rankine bottoming cycles, including system cost evaluation and off-design performance. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1986.

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Caton, Jerald A., ed. An Introduction to Thermodynamic Cycle Simulations for Internal Combustion Engines. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119037576.

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Caton, J. A. An introduction to thermodynamic cycle simulations for internal combustion engines. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2015.

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Gorla, Rama S. R. Probabilistic analysis of gas turbine field performance. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2002.

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J, Bitteker L., Jones J. E, and George C. Marshall Space Flight Center., eds. Prospects for nuclear electric propulsion using closed-cycle magnetohydrodynamic energy conversion. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, 2001.

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Glassman, Arthur J. Computer code for single-point thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen/oxygen expander-cycle rocket engines. Lewis Research Center, 1991.

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M, Jones Scott, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Computer code for single-point thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen/oxygen expander-cycle rocket engines. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1991.

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United States. Dept. of Energy. Division of Buildings and Community Systems. and Lewis Research Center, eds. Overview of free-piston Stirling SP-100 activities at the NASA Lewis Research Center. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1986.

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United States. Dept. of Energy. Division of Buildings and Community Systems. and Lewis Research Center, eds. Overview of free-piston Stirling SP-100 activities at the NASA Lewis Research Center. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Thermodynamic cycle"

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Zohuri, Bahman, and Patrick McDaniel. "Thermodynamic Cycles." In Combined Cycle Driven Efficiency for Next Generation Nuclear Power Plants. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70551-4_3.

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Zohuri, Bahman. "Thermodynamic Cycles." In Combined Cycle Driven Efficiency for Next Generation Nuclear Power Plants. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15560-9_3.

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Herwig, Heinz. "Thermodynamischer Kreisprozeß (thermodynamic cycle)." In Wärmeübertragung A-Z. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56940-1_61.

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Bose, Tarit. "Thermodynamic Ideal Cycle Analysis." In Airbreathing Propulsion. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3532-7_2.

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Gardner, John F. "The Vapor Compression Cycle: A Review." In Thermodynamic Analysis for Industrial Refrigeration Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-79705-7_3.

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Kaushik, Shubhash C., Sudhir K. Tyagi, and Pramod Kumar. "Finite Time Thermodynamic Analysis of Brayton Cycle." In Finite Time Thermodynamics of Power and Refrigeration Cycles. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62812-7_3.

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Feidt, M. L. "Thermodynamics and Optimization of Reverse Cycle Machines." In Thermodynamic Optimization of Complex Energy Systems. Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4685-2_28.

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Xiaoyan, Tung, and Yang Qingxiong. "Thermodynamic Analysis of Fatigue Damage Process." In Low Cycle Fatigue and Elasto-Plastic Behaviour of Materials—3. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2860-5_114.

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Kaushik, Shubhash C., Sudhir K. Tyagi, and Pramod Kumar. "Finite Time Thermodynamic Analysis of Modified Brayton Cycle." In Finite Time Thermodynamics of Power and Refrigeration Cycles. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62812-7_4.

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Kaushik, Shubhash C., Sudhir K. Tyagi, and Pramod Kumar. "Finite Time Thermodynamic Analysis of Complex Brayton Cycle." In Finite Time Thermodynamics of Power and Refrigeration Cycles. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62812-7_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Thermodynamic cycle"

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Meana-Fernández, Andrés, Roberto Martínez-Pérez, Francisco Javier Rubio-Serrano, and Antonio José Gutiérrez-Trashorras. "PERFORMANCE OF A SOLAR-BIOMASS POWERED THERMODYNAMIC CYCLE INCORPORATING THE HYGROSCOPIC CYCLE TECHNOLOGY (HCT)." In 37th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems (ECOS 2024). ECOS 2024, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/077185-0012.

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Sifat, Najmus S., and Yousef Haseli. "Thermodynamic Modeling of Allam Cycle." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88079.

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Deterioration of environment caused by the release of harmful greenhouse gases (mainly CO2) from the power plants has become an area of growing concern. At the present, various methods are being investigated for capturing and storing CO2. Current technologies require a huge amount of energy leading to reduction in overall efficiency. The introduction of Allam cycle, which uses high pressurized super critical CO2 as working fluid has added a new dimension to solve this problem. This is an innovative oxy-fuel power cycle which ensures a near zero emission through inherent capture of all CO2. Thi
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Scott, T., D. Riggins, and K. Christensen. "Thermodynamic analysis of the transposed-cycle." In 37th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2001-3748.

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Gholizadeh, Ali, M. B. Shafii, and M. H. Saidi. "A Micro Combined Heat and Power Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization." In ASME 2010 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2010-27281.

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In modeling and designing micro combined heat and power cycle most important point is recognition of how the cycle operates based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics simultaneously. Analyzing data obtained from thermodynamic analysis employed to optimize MCHP cycle. The data obtained from prime mover optimization has been used for basic stimulus cycle. Assumptions considered for prime mover optimization has been improved, for example in making optimum operation condition by using genetic algorithms constant pressure combustion chamber was considered. The exact value of downstream an
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Kerber, Eva, Bernhard Weigand, Florian Schmidt, and Stephan Staudacher. "Second Law Analysis of Thermodynamic Cycles for Aero Engines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-43295.

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This paper presents an evaluation of thermodynamic cycles with the help of second law thermodynamics. In common studies thermodynamic cycles are analyzed and judged mostly just by thermal efficiency and specific power output. Another way to describe the efficiency of a cycle and to identify the potential is the analysis of the entropy production of the system. In a previous study a general investigation of thermodynamic cycles was carried out [1]. The promising technologies identified were isothermal compression and expansion, internal heat transfer and constant-volume heat addition. Based on
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Stecco, S. S., U. Desideri, B. Facchini, and N. Bettagli. "The Humid Air Cycle: Some Thermodynamic Considerations." In ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/93-gt-077.

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The humid air cycle (Rao, 1990), recently proposed, is an intercooled gas turbine cycle, having an air-water mixing evaporator before the combustion chamber, and a recovering system for exhaust gases. The solution appears to have several advantages: increase in efficiency, increase in power output, reduction of NOx. These important effects are similar to those encountered in STIG (STeam Injection Gas turbine) or CHENG (Saad and Cheng, 1992) power plants, however the particular non-isothermal vaporisation here considered enhances the efficiency increase. Considering a TIT (Turbine Inlet Tempera
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Vining, Cronin B., Roger M. Williams, Mark L. Underwood, M. Amy Ryan, and Jerry W. Suitor. "Reversible Thermodynamic Cycle for AMTEC Power Conversion." In 27th Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (1992). SAE International, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/929144.

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Grammer, Thomas Allen, and Robert R. Bittle. "Thermodynamic Modeling of an Epitrochoidal Engine Cycle." In ASME 2013 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2013-19215.

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A thermodynamic performance model has been developed for a new four-stroke piston engine design in which the crankshaft path is epitrochoidal, or non-circular. The model is based on an Otto air-standard cycle with non-ideal effects of friction, valve and spark timing, heat transfer, volumetric efficiency, and fuel burn timing then added. The same modeling approach was then used in developing a standard circular path engine model for comparison: the result being two discrete models varying only in their crankshaft paths, and thus piston path timing. The thermodynamic modeling was one phase of a
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Postrzednik, Stefan, and Zbigniew Zmudka. "Thermodynamic Reference Eco-cycle of IC Engine." In Automotive and Transportation Technology Congress and Exposition. SAE International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-3195.

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Naidin, M. C., R. Monichan, U. Zirn, K. Gabriel, and I. Pioro. "Thermodynamic Considerations for a Single-Reheat Cycle SCWR." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75984.

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Currently, there are a number of Generation IV SuperCritical Water-cooled nuclear Reactor (SCWR) concepts under development worldwide. The main objectives for developing and utilizing SCWRs are: 1) Increase gross thermal efficiency of current Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) from 30 – 35% to approximately 45 – 50%, and 2) Decrease capital and operational costs and, in doing so, decrease electrical-energy costs. SCW NPPs will have much higher operating parameters compared to current NPPs (i.e., steam pressures of about 25 MPa and steam outlet temperatures up to 625°C). Additionally, SCWRs will have
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Reports on the topic "Thermodynamic cycle"

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Yoshimura, A. S. Thermodynamic Cycle Analysis Program (TCAP). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/481552.

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Carlson, Matthew D., Timothy A. Shedd, and Gerald E. Kashmerick. Thermodynamic Analysis and Comparison of the K6 Cycle. SAE International, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2011-32-0600.

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Murphy, R. W. Thermodynamic property evaluation and magnetic refrigeration cycle analysis for gadolinium gallium garnet. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10114667.

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Skye, Harrison M. Validation of and Optimization with a Vapor Compression Cycle Model Accounting for Refrigerant Thermodynamic and Transport Properties. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.2233.

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Brown, J. S., R. Brignoli, and P. A. Domanski. CYCLE_D-HX: NIST vapor compression cycle model accounting for refrigerant thermodynamic and transport properties, version 1.0, user's guide. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.1974.

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White, Thomas. Development of a parametric analysis microcomputer model for evaluating the thermodynamic performance of a reciprocating Brayton cycle engine. Portland State University Library, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5678.

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Brown, J. Steven, Riccardo Brignoli, Piotr A. Domanski, and Young Jin Yoon. CYCLE_D-HX: NIST Vapor Compression Cycle Model Accounting for Refrigerant Thermodynamic and Transport Properties; Version 2, User's Guide. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.2134.

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Bajwa, Abdullah, and Timothy Jacobs. PR-457-17201-R02 Residual Gas Fraction Estimation Based on Measured Engine Parameters. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011558.

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Abstract:
Gas exchange processes in two-stroke internal combustion engines, commonly referred to as scavenging, are responsible for removing the exhaust gases in the combustion chamber and preparing the combustible fuel-oxidizer mixture that undergoes combustion and converts the chemical energy of the fuel into mechanical work. Scavenging is a complicated phenomenon because of the simultaneous introduction of fresh gases into the engine cylinder through the intake ports, and the expulsion of combustion products from the previous cycles through the exhaust ports. A non-negligible fraction of the gaseous
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D. Yogi Goswami. Development of New Thermodynamic Cycles. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/803214.

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Walters, Joseph. Optimization and Thermodynamic Performance Measures of a Class of Finite Time Thermodynamic Cycles. Portland State University Library, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1185.

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