Relevant bibliographies by topics / Thermoplastic

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Thermoplastic'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 December 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Thermoplastic"

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Usman, N., L. G. Hassan, M. N. Almustapha, M. Achor, and E. C. Agwamba. "Preparation and Characterization of Thermoplastic Cassava and Sweet Potato Starches." Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 30, no. 2 (October 18, 2023): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njbas.v30i2.16.

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Thermoplastics starches are plastics made from renewable resources like plants that are fully bio-based and biodegradable. The aim of this study was to produce and characterize thermoplastic using starches extracted from cassava and sweet potato. The effect of variable amounts of glycerol used as plasticizer and acetic acid used for hydrolysis of the starch polymer were investigated. The intermolecular interaction between the starch and glycerol was ascertained using FT-IR spectroscopy. The biodegradability test conducted on both cassava thermoplastic starch (TPSc) and potato thermoplastic starch (TPSp) were found to lose 36% and 23% respectively of their initial weights after seven days of soil burial. The result showed that as plasticizer concentration increased from 50 to 80%, there was an increase in both moisture and oil uptake but a decrease in water uptake. However, an increase in acetic acid concentration from 2.5% to 7.5% resulted in a decrease in oil uptake, water uptake and moisture uptake of the thermoplastics. Findings in this study reveal increase in the amount of glycerol plasticizer in both thermoplastics increases moisture contents retention however the observed oil uptake and biodegradability properties suggest the thermoplastic starches especially the potato thermoplastic starch is generally suitable for making eco-friendly thermoplastics.
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PANNEERSELVAM, K., S. ARAVINDAN, and A. NOORUL HAQ. "H-8 JOINING OF THERMOPLASTICS AND THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES(Session: Welding / Joining)." Proceedings of the Asian Symposium on Materials and Processing 2006 (2006): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeasmp.2006.144.

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Zhu, Hui, Hengan Ou, and Atanas Popov. "Incremental sheet forming of thermoplastics: a review." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 111, no. 1-2 (September 30, 2020): 565–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-020-06056-5.

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Abstract Incremental sheet forming (ISF) is a promising flexible manufacturing process, which has been tested in sheet forming of various metallic materials. Although ISF-based forming of thermoplastics is relatively new, it has drawn considerable interests and significant progress has been made in recent years. This paper presents a review of concurrent research on the emerging trend of thermoplastic-focused ISF processes. Attention is given to the processing conditions including process setup, process parameters and forming forces. The deformation mechanism and failure behaviour during ISF of thermoplastics are evaluated, which leads to detailed discussions on the formability, effect of different process parameters and the forming quality such as geometric accuracy, surface finish and other consideration factors in ISF of thermoplastics. A comparison of important similarities and differences between ISF of thermoplastic and metallic materials is made. Finally, a brief discussion is provided on the technical challenges and research directions for ISF of thermoplastic materials in the future.
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Periasamy, Kailashbalan, Everson Kandare, Raj Das, Maryam Darouie, and Akbar A. Khatibi. "Interfacial Engineering Methods in Thermoplastic Composites: An Overview." Polymers 15, no. 2 (January 12, 2023): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15020415.

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The paper critically analyzed different interfacial enhancing methods used in thermoplastic composites. Although the absence of cross-linked polymer chains and chemical bonds on solidification enables the thermoplastics to be remelted, it creates weak interfacial adhesion between fibre reinforcements and the thermoplastic matrix. The weak fibre-matrix interface bonding reduces the efficiency with which the applied load can be transferred between these composite constituents, causing the composite to fail prematurely. Their need for high-temperature processing, poor compatibility with other polymer matrices, and relatively high viscosity render thermoplastics challenging when used to manufacture composite laminates. Therefore, various methods, including nanoparticles, changing the polarity of the fibre surface by plasma etching, chemical treatment with ozone, or an oxidative attack at the fibre surface, have been applied to improve the fibre/matrix bonding in thermoplastic composites. The fabrication steps followed in these techniques, their progress in research, and the associated toughening mechanisms are comprehensively discussed in this paper. The effect of different fibre-matrix interfacial enhancement methods on the mechanical properties of thermoplastic composites is also deliberated.
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Giri, Kiran, and Chia-Wen Tsao. "Recent Advances in Thermoplastic Microfluidic Bonding." Micromachines 13, no. 3 (March 20, 2022): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13030486.

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Microfluidics is a multidisciplinary technology with applications in various fields, such as biomedical, energy, chemicals and environment. Thermoplastic is one of the most prominent materials for polymer microfluidics. Properties such as good mechanical rigidity, organic solvent resistivity, acid/base resistivity, and low water absorbance make thermoplastics suitable for various microfluidic applications. However, bonding of thermoplastics has always been challenging because of a wide range of bonding methods and requirements. This review paper summarizes the current bonding processes being practiced for the fabrication of thermoplastic microfluidic devices, and provides a comparison between the different bonding strategies to assist researchers in finding appropriate bonding methods for microfluidic device assembly.
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Coran, A. Y., R. Patel, and D. Williams-Headd. "Rubber-Thermoplastic Compositions. Part IX. Blends of Dissimilar Rubbers and Plastics with Technological Compatibilization." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 58, no. 5 (November 1, 1985): 1014–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3536097.

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Abstract From this work, one can conclude that compositions which have excellent mechanical properties can be prepared by melt-mixing thermoplastic vulcanizates. (A thermoplastic vulcanizate is a composition containing vulcanized rubber particles dispersed in a thermoplastic. Such a composition is usually prepared by vulcanizing the rubber during its melt-mixing with a thermoplastic.) The excellent mixed TPV compositions can be obtained even though the rubbers and plastics are mutually grossly incompatible with respect to thermodynamic considerations. In such cases, however, it appears to be necessary that a compatibilizing agent be present in the mixture to promote the interaction between the thermoplastic materials. Block copolymers whose molecules contain blocks common to each of the thermoplastic blend components are good technological compatibilizing agents (e.g., polypropylene-nylon block copolymers to compatibilize mixtures containing polypropylene and nylon). Compatibilizing block copolymers can form in situ during melt mixing. This appears to be the case when one of the thermoplastic blend components is functionalized to chemically link with another thermoplastic component of the mixed TPV composition. The rubber associated with one thermoplastic can differ greatly from the rubber associated with another thermoplastic component of the mixed TPV blend. Thus, a composition which has good mechanical properties can contain both differing thermoplastics and differing rubbers. As a result, the possible combinations of components for TPV compositions has been greatly expanded.
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Mat Rasat, Mohd Sukhairi, Razak Wahab, Amran Shafie, Ahmad Mohd Yunus AG., Mahani Yusoff, Sitti Fatimah Mhd. Ramle, and Zulhisyam A.K. "Effect of Wood-Fiber Geometry Size on Mechanical Properties of Wood-Fiber from Neolamarckia Cadamba Species Reinforced Polypropylene Composites." Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 1, no. 1 (August 15, 2021): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v1i1.669.

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Using natural wood-fiber as reinforcement in commercial thermoplastics is gaining momentum due to its high specific properties and renewable resources. In this study, the effect of wood particle geometry size on mechanical properties of thermoplastics composite was investigated. The wood species that has been chosen is Kelempayan species (Neolamarckia cadamba) and reinforced with polypropylene using fiber geometry size of 75 and 250 ?m. Thermoplastic composites were produced from two types of ratio (30:70 and 10:90) between wood-fiber and polypropylene. Static bending and tensile strength were tested. The result showed that wood-fiber from 75 ?m geometry sizes with ratio of 30:70 between wood-fiber and polypropylene was most suitable in producing thermoplastic composites. The geometry sizes of wood particle as well as the ratio between wood-fiber and polypropylene were found to influence the mechanical properties of the thermoplastic composites.
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Bano, Afroza, and Manish Kumar Gupta. "A Study Of Welding Of Heterogenous Polycarbonate Substances Utilizing Hybrid Filaments Of Fused Deposition Modeling." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 12 (December 9, 2021): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/12996.

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Friction-based welding is one of the most cost-effective and dependable methods for joining thermoplastics. However, there has been minimal work that has demonstrated the procedure/methods/equipment for welding two distinct types of thermoplastics. There is, nevertheless, a significant possibility of connecting the various thermoplastic materials by matching their melt flow index (MFI). One way for modifying the MFI is to reinforce it with micro/nano sized fillers. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is a fast prototyping technology that employs thermoplastic-based filament to print components. The current study focuses on connecting aluminium (Al) metal powder reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polyamide 6 (PA6) thermoplastic substrates (3D printed by FDM) utilising friction welding (FW) / friction stir welding (FSW) / friction stir spot welding (FSSW). It was observed that the PA6 with 50% Al fillers (PA6-50% Al) and ABS matrix with 15% Al fillers (ABS-15% Al) produced MFIs of 11.97g/10min and 11.57g/10min, respectively.
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Ning, Nanying, Yueqing Hua, Hanguang Wu, Liqun Zhang, Shemao Wu, Ming Tian, Hongchi Tian, and Guo-Hua Hu. "Novel heat and oil-resistant thermoplastic vulcanizates based on ethylene-vinyl acetate rubber/poly(vinylidene fluoride)." RSC Advances 6, no. 94 (2016): 91594–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra19335h.

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Mangaraj, D. "Role of Compatibilization in Recycling Rubber Waste by Blending with Plastics." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 78, no. 3 (July 1, 2005): 536–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547895.

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Abstract Blending ground rubber with thermoplastic and thermoset polymers is a very cost effective and efficient method for recycling rubber waste. However it is important for vulcanized rubber particles and the thermoplastic matrix to adhere to each other to form co-continuous type morphology to provide necessary strength properties. The paper discusses the principles underlying compatibilization and discusses the three types, namely mechanical, non-reactive and reactive compatibilization. Past work in compatibilizing ground rubber from tire waste (GRT) with thermoplastics has been reviewed and the use of compatibilized GRT/ plastic products in the preparation of a variety of value-added products, including thermoplastic elastomers has been discussed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Thermoplastic"

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Muggli, Mark W. "Physical Aging and Characterization of Engineering Thermoplastics and Thermoplastic Modified Epoxies." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40509.

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In this work the relationship between physical properties, such as physical aging and relaxation time distributions, and chemical structure for a variety of polymeric systems were investigated. Although there is a vast amount of physical aging data for polymers, most of these studies do not attempt to correlate structure with physical aging. Therefore, a set of engineering thermoplastics was examined with the goal of relating certain of their characteristic molecular dimensions to their mechanical and volumetric physical aging attributes.Another series of polymeric materials, based on a poly(ether sulfone) backbone, and having various endgroups differing in size, was also studied to determine physical aging rates and relaxation time distributions. Furthermore, it was concluded that the density of the poly(ether sulfones) increased while the glass transition temperature decreased as the endgroup became smaller.Thermoplastic toughened epoxies were also examined to clarify the importance of covalent bonds between toughener and epoxy on physical aging, relaxation time distributions and fracture toughness. In these studies the covalently bonded tougheners differed from their non-reactive counterparts in the rates of volumetric physical aging at high temperatures for the difunctional epoxy. The solvent resistance of the reactive thermoplastic toughened tetrafunctional epoxy was higher than the non-reactive thermoplastic toughened system. The tetrafunctional epoxies with the reactive toughener also had higher toughener glass transition temperatures.
Ph. D.
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Asplund, Basse. "Biodegradable Thermoplastic Elastomers." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7434.

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Goodby, Amanda. "Biodegradable thermoplastic polyurethanes." Thesis, Aston University, 2015. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/32134/.

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The overall aim of this work was to investigate the biodegradability of a number of polyurethane elastomers synthesised by different methods and targeted for a specific agricultural purpose in which the polyurethane was required to be degradable in soil after its useful life. Polyurethanes were synthesised commercially using two different methods; a ‘one-shot’ method where all of the reactants were added simultaneously, and a ‘pre-polymer’ method, in which the isocyanate and polyol were reacted together before addition of the chain extender. The effect of the method of synthesis on the rate of degradation and biodegradation was investigated using accelerated alkaline hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis and soil burial, where it was found that the polyurethane synthesised by the ‘pre-polymer’ method hydrolysed faster under alkaline conditions (21 days) than that synthesised by the ‘one-shot’ method (56 days). This was found to be due to differences in the polymer morphology, with an increase in microcrystalline domains occurring during the ‘one-shot’ process. The effect of the chemical constituents of the synthesised polyurethanes on the rate of degradation and biodegradation were also investigated. Comparison of polyurethanes synthesised with an aliphatic (H12MDI) and an aromatic isocyanate (MDI) resulted in an increase in the rate of alkaline hydrolysis with the use of H12MDI. This was found to be affected mainly by differences in the morphology, with an increase in microphase separation and a decrease in microcrystalline regions in the case of the use of H12MDI Polyurethanes were synthesised using different polyols; PEA, PCL, PEG and PCL/PEG (50:50) to investigate the effect of the polyol on the rate of biodegradation, where it was found that the polyurethane containing a combination of the two polyols, PCL/PEG (50:50), degraded under both accelerated hydrolysis conditions and soil burial. This was thought to be due to the combination of both hydrophilic (PEG) and hydrophobic (PCL) charactyers of the polyols, which had contributed to increasing the diffusion of water into the polymer matrix (hydrophilic PEG), and also to inducing the microbial degradation by hydrophobic interactions (PCL). The incorporation of the additives; iron stearate, cellulose and Cloisite 30B were examined as a means of increasing the degradation and biodegradation of the polyurethane polymers. Addition of iron stearate was found to decrease the thermal stability of the polyurethane, which resulted in an increase in polyurethane degradation under alkaline conditions at 45oC, and biodegradation under soil burial conditions at 50oC. The incorporation of cellulose into the polyurethane increased the rate of alkaline hydrolysis and biodegradation in soil. This polyurethane (PU CE) was also susceptible towards enzymatic degradation by Aspergillus niger. The incorporation of the organically-modified nanoclay Cloisite 30B has decreased the microcrystalline domain structure contained within the polyurethane, and this was found to decrease the rate of alkaline hydrolysis dramatically (degraded within 7 days).
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Li, Min-Chung. "Thermoplastic composite consolidation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40036.

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Fabrication of high-quality composites from thennoplastic prepregs requires careful selection of the processing cycles so that intimate contact at the ply interfaces is achieved resulting in the formation of strong interply bonds and the process-induced residual stress is minimized to ensure superior mechanical performance. The void formation and the consolidation mechanism were studied experimentally. A refined model was developed to relate the processing parameters of pressure, temperature and time to the interply intimate contact of thermoplastic composites. The model was developed by integrating a prepreg surface topology characterization with a resin flow analysis. Both unidirectional and cross-ply lay-ups were modeled. Two-ply unidirectional laminae fabricated from graphite-polysulfone and graphite-PEEK prepregs and [0/90/0]T laminates were consolidated using different processing cycles. Optical microscopy and scanning acoustic microscopy were used to obtain the degree of intimate contact data. Agreement between the measured and calculated degree of intimate contact was good. A finite element model was developed to analyze residual stresses in thermoplastic composites by combining a plane-strain elasticity analysis and a temperature-dependent matrix properties. The residual stress model takes into account the mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficients and the crystallization shrinkage of the matrix. [O₁₀/90₆]T graphite-PEEK laminates were manufactured at different cooling rates to verify the model. The induced residual thermal defonnations were measured by a shadow moire system. The model accurately estimated the out-of-plane displacement of the non-symmetrical laminates.
Ph. D.
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Howes, Jeremy C. "Interfacial strength development in thermoplastic resins and fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77899.

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The objective of this study was to develop tests that could be used to characterize autohesive strength development in amorphous thermoplastic resins and fiber-reinforced thermoplastic prepregs. All tests were performed using polysulfone P1700 thermoplastic resin and AS4/P1700 graphite-polysulfone prepreg. Two test methods were examined to measure autohesion in neat resin samples. These included an interfacial tension test based on the ASTM tensile adhesion test (ASTM D897) and a fracture toughness test using a compact tension (CT) specimen (based on the ASTM toughness test for metals ASTM E399-83). The interfacial tensile test proved to be very difficult to perform and with an unacceptable amount of data scatter. The data obtained using the compact tension test were repeatable and could be correlated with temperature and contact time. Autohesive strength development in fiber-reinforced prepreg samples was measured using a double cantilever beam (DCB) interlaminar fracture toughness test. The fracture mechanisms were determined to be different in the healed DCB specimen than the virgin specimen due to resin flow at the crack plane during the healing tests. The CT test was found suitable for use in determining the autohesive properties and self-diffusion coefficient of neat resin. The DCB test, although not suitable for autohesive testing, indicated that repair of thermoplastic matrix composites is possible; however, the repair will not be as tough as the virgin material.
Master of Science
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Zhou, Ruijuan [Verfasser], and Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Maier. "Nanoparticle-Filled Thermoplastics and Thermoplastic Elastomer: Structure-Property Relationships / Ruijuan Zhou ; Betreuer: Martin Maier." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1138630527/34.

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Gopalanarayanan, Bhaskar. "Analysis of Thermoplastic Polyimide + Polymer Liquid Crystal Blends." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279285/.

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Thermoplastic polyimides (TPIs) exhibit high glass transition temperatures (Tgs), which make them useful in high performance applications. Amorphous and semicrystalline TPIs show sub-Tg relaxations, which can aid in improving strength characteristics through energy absorption. The a relaxation of both types of TPIs indicates a cooperative nature. The semicrystalline TPI shows thermo-irreversible cold crystallization phenomenon. The polymer liquid crystal (PLC) used in the blends is thermotropic and with longitudinal molecular structure. The small heat capacity change (ACP) associated with the glass transition indicates the PLC to be rigid rod in nature. The PLC shows a small endotherm associated with the melting. The addition of PLC to the semicrystalline TPI does not significantly affect the Tg or the melting point (Tm). The cold crystallization temperature (Tc) increases with the addition of the PLC, indicating channeling phenomenon. The addition of PLC also causes a negative deviation of the ACP, which is another evidence for channeling. The TPI, PLC and their blends show high thermal stability. The semicrystalline TPI absorbs moisture; this effect decreases with the addition of the PLC. The absorbed moisture does not show any effect on the degradation. The addition of PLC beyond 30 wt.% does not result in an improvement of properties. The amorphous TPI + PLC blends also show the negative deviation of ACP from linearity with composition. The addition of PLC causes a decrease in the thermal conductivity in the transverse direction to the PLC orientation. The thermomechanical analysis indicates isotropic expansivity for the amorphous TPI and a small anisotropy for the semicrystalline TPI. The PLC shows large anisotropy in expansivity. Even 5 wt. % concentration of PLC in the blend induces considerable anisotropy in the expansivity. Thus, blends show controllable expansivity through PLC concentration. Amorphous TPI + PLC blends also show excellent film formability. The amorphous TPI blends show good potential for applications requiring high thermal stability, controlled expansivity and good film formability.
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Schehl, Donald J. "Monitoring of thermoplastic pipes under deep cover." Ohio : Ohio University, 2000. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1172865071.

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Weisbach, Tobias, Jens Sumpf, and Christian Bumm. "Thermoplastic Multilayer Slide-Foil." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-231676.

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The training of movement procedures to increase the skills of athletes is a fundamental part of competitive sports. A realistic training, supported by technical equipment provides athletes a better success of training and is requested by trainers and training centers all over the world. Especially in winter sports, like luge or bob, a realistic training simulation is not always possible and demands adaptations of specific training procedures. As a part of this article, a new multilayer slide-foil will be presented, which allows athletes an even more realistic training. For this purpose the structure and production process of the foil composite will be shown, as well as results of the tribological behaviour of the foil
Das Training von Bewegungsabläufen, zur Steigerung von Fähigkeiten, ist ein fundamentaler Bestandteil im Leistungssport. Ein realistisches Training, unterstützt durch technische Systeme, ermöglicht es Athleten optimale Trainingserfolge zu erzielen und wird dementsprechend von Trainern und Leistungszentren überall auf der Welt gewünscht. Insbesondere in Wintersportarten, wie z. B. Rennrodeln oder Bobfahren, kann dies allerdings nur bedingt realisiert werden und erfordert oftmals Abstriche bei der Trainingsgestaltung. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags wird daher eine mehrschichtige Verbundfolie vorgestellt, welche den Athleten ein realistischeres Training ermöglichen soll. Hierzu werden zum einen der Aufbau und die Herstellung des Folienverbundes erläutert sowie tribologische Untersuchungsergebnisse präsentiert
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Potgieter, Gerard. "Thermoplastic-based pyrotechnic compositions." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/58290.

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Conventional pyrotechnic time delays are based on powder mixtures pressed into tubes of precise lengths. Pyrotechnics based on filled polymer systems may offer some advantages. This includes continuous manufacture via extrusion processes. Thermoplastic-based pyrotechnic compositions can be formulated by filling conventional polymer matrices with oxidants such as potassium nitrate. More interesting are fluoropolymer matrices as these strong oxidants enable the design of non-gassing systems with suitable fuels. The presence of fillers dramatically increases the melt viscosity. The random packed limit for monodisperse spherical particles corresponds to a volume fraction of 0.637 (Krieger, 1959). Pyrotechnic compositions with oxidant filler volume fractions below this critical level are only viable for conventional polymers with very high C:H atomic ratios, e.g. polystyrene. Pyrotechnic compositions comprising of filled thermoplastics were simulated using EKVI thermodynamic software. This allowed for the calculation of the adiabatic flame temperatures, variation of the product composition and gas evolved with varied filler content. The EKVI thermodynamic simulations showed that polystyrene filled with potassium nitrate or potassium permanganate were unlikely to be viable as global maximum temperatures were not achieved below 78 vol.%. A fully fluorinated polymer filled with aluminium, magnesium, magnalium and calcium carbide were shown to be viable between 20 wt.% and 70 wt.% reducing agent. Co-polymers of tetrafluoroethylene and vinylidene fluoride filled with aluminium or magnesium showed similar adiabatic temperatures as compositions based on perfluorinated polymers with the same reducing agents. The energy required to decompose the thermoplastic binder would, however, lower the amount of energy available for the pyrotechnic reaction. Open flame burn test showed that the polystyrene-based compositions did not generate enough energy to decompose the thermoplastic fraction to sustain chemical reaction. Viton B filled with calcium carbide could not sustain burning. Compositions using aluminium and magnalium with Viton B as oxidant sustained burning over the range 20 wt.% to 60 wt.%. The effect of morphology was tested by using two grades of aluminium; atomized aluminium, and flake-like aluminium particles. Energy measurements of Viton B filled with aluminium and magnalium indicated that the maximum energy output occurred in the range 30 wt.% to 40 wt.% fuel for aluminium-based compositions and between 40 wt.% and 50 wt.% for magnalium-based compositions. A maximum burn rate of 82 mm s1 was achieved using a magnalium/Viton B composition. Friction and impact test showed that the compositions are insensitive. XRD analysis of the combustion residue of Viton B-based compositions using aluminium as fuel showed that the most abundant products formed were Al4C3, AlF3, carbon and an amorphous phase. An elemental balance indicated that the amorphous phase consisted of carbon, aluminium and fluorine. The XRD spectra of the residues of magnalium-based compositions had unidentified reflections. Quantitative XRD was, therefore, not possible on the reaction products of the magnalium-based compositions. TGA analysis on the combustion residue indicated that the combustion residue contained unreacted reagents. Scanning electron microscopy of the reaction residue revealed the presence of agglomerated cubic particles. EDX analysis indicated that the cubic particles consisted of aluminium and fluorine.
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
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Chemical Engineering
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Books on the topic "Thermoplastic"

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Tsai, Linda D., and Matthew R. Hwang. Thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers and composites. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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H, Kausch H., and Legras R, eds. Advanced thermoplastic composites: Characterization and processing. Munich: Hanser Publishers, 1993.

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John, Leeson, ed. Fire resistance of thermoplastics and thermoplastic composites. Hitchin: American Technical Publishers, 1999.

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Olagoke, Olabisi, and Maadhah Ali G. 1946-, eds. Thermoplastics beyond the year 2000: A paradigm. Dhahrah, Saudi Arabia: King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 1996.

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Stoĭko, Fakirov, ed. Handbook of thermoplastic polyesters: Homopolymers, copolymers, blends, and composites. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2002.

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El-Sonbati, Adel Zaki. Thermoplastic elastomers. Rijeka, Croatia: InTech, 2012.

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Babington, Mary F., Esther K. Palevsky, and Diana E. Kole. Thermoplastic compounding. Cleveland: Freedonia Group, 2000.

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Mongiello, Joseph. Thermoplastic elastomers. Norwalk, CT (25 Van Zant Street, Norwalk 06855): Business Communications Co., 1989.

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Geoffrey, Holden, Quirk Randolph P, Schroeder Herman E, and Legge Norman R, eds. Thermoplastic elastomers. 2nd ed. Munich: Hanser, 1996.

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1952-, Carlsson Leif A., ed. Thermoplastic composite materials. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Thermoplastic"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Thermoplastic." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 745. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11795.

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Weik, Martin H. "thermoplastic." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1777. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_19511.

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Bashford, David. "Thermoplastic Groups." In Thermoplastics, 5–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1531-2_2.

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Biron, Michel. "Thermoplastic Processing." In Thermoplastics and Thermoplastic Composites, 767–820. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-102501-7.00005-9.

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Biron, Michel. "Thermoplastic Composites." In Thermoplastics and Thermoplastic Composites, 821–82. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-102501-7.00006-0.

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Biron, Michel. "Thermoplastic processing." In Thermoplastics and Thermoplastic Composites, 715–66. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-185617478-7.50008-8.

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Biron, Michel. "Thermoplastic composites." In Thermoplastics and Thermoplastic Composites, 767–828. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-185617478-7.50009-x.

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Biron, Michel. "Thermoplastic Processing." In Thermoplastics and Thermoplastic Composites, 715–68. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4557-7898-0.00005-6.

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Biron, Michel. "Thermoplastic Composites." In Thermoplastics and Thermoplastic Composites, 769–829. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4557-7898-0.00006-8.

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Biron, Michel. "Outline of the Actual Situation of Plastics Compared to Conventional Materials." In Thermoplastics and Thermoplastic Composites, 1–30. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-102501-7.00001-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Thermoplastic"

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SAHA, SHUVAM, and RANI W. SULLIVAN. "GAS PERMEABILITY OF 3D PRINTED THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES FOR CRYOGENIC APPLICATIONS." In Proceedings for the American Society for Composites-Thirty Seventh Technical Conference. Destech Publications, Inc., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc37/36416.

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Thermoplastics have shown promise as a choice of material for production of lightweight structures for cryogenic storage. To fully utilize thermoplastics for such applications, cryogenic fuel leakage through transverse cracks in these structures must be studied. Thermoplastic composites (carbon fiber reinforced PEEK and Nylon) were 3D printed using fused deposition modeling. Test specimens were thermally cycled from ambient (23ºC) to cryogenic (-196ºC) temperatures and gas permeability measurements were conducted at selected cryogenic cycles. Results show that carbon fiber/PEEK specimens had the lowest gas permeability after 50 cryogenic cycles with no through-thickness crack networks. The gas permeability of 3D printed thermoplastic composites was several magnitudes lower than the leak rate allowables for different launch vehicles. Tensile tests, post cryogenic cycling, revealed a reduction in the tensile strength and modulus of the 3D printed specimens with CF/PEEK having the best mechanical and permeability performance.
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Manser, G. E., and R. W. Fletcher. "Energetic Thermoplastic Elastomers." In 1988 Los Angeles Symposium--O-E/LASE '88, edited by Joseph Flanagan. SPIE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.943769.

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Romero-Ramirez, Edwar, Charisma Clarke, Sanna F. Siddiqui, and Gerardo Carbajal. "Mechanical Properties and Durometer Testing Relationship of Thermoplastic Polyurethane." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69648.

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Abstract In this paper, the effect of various additive manufacturing processing parameters on thermoplastic polyurethane’s mechanical properties and the durometer hardness testing were evaluated. Additive manufacturing of thermoplastics is a rapidly growing field in many areas, from hobbyists to manufacturing industries. Parts are built layer by layer following the slicing software settings that convert a 3D object into a group of 2D regions that resembles CNC code. There is a need to understand how the mechanical properties are affected by the process parameters compared to traditional injection molding manufacturing. This thermoplastic has use in many automotive industry applications and consumer products because of its elasticity and high abrasion resistance. A generic thermoplastic polyurethane, also known as flexible TPU, with Shore A durometer hardness of 95 was used for this task. It was found that the number of solid layers impacts the mechanical properties higher than other printing parameters. Maximum tensile strength of up to 51.4±6.0 MPa for 84.1±3.8 Shore A durometer hardness was measured.
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Piccirilli, Robert, Ken Olenik, Frank Maimone, Chris Verardi, and Roel Palanca. "Painting Today's Thermoplastic Olefins." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/930054.

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Helal, E., R. S. Kurusu, N. Moghimian, N. R. Demarquette, and E. David. "Graphene/Thermoplastic Based Composites." In 2020 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ceidp49254.2020.9437465.

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Tonn, C., J. Heil, L. Kakoulias, R. Allenbach, and R. Jones. "Thermoplastic Aircraft Manufacturing Model." In SAMPE 2024. NA SAMPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.33599/nasampe/s.24.0134.

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Devrient, Martin, Philipp Amend, and Michael Schmidt. "Laser-based joining of three-dimensional thermoplastic parts and thermoplastic aluminum hybrids." In ICALEO® 2013: 32nd International Congress on Laser Materials Processing, Laser Microprocessing and Nanomanufacturing. Laser Institute of America, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5062864.

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HIGUCHI, RYO, SOTA OSHIMA, SHU MINAKUCHI, TOMOHIRO YOKOZEKI, and TAKAHIRA AOKI. "STUDY ON COOLING RATE-DEPENDENT MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES." In Thirty-sixth Technical Conference. Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc36/35841.

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This study investigates the effect of solidification conditions on the crystallization behaviors and mechanical properties of thermoplastic resin and carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTP). In particular, the crystallinity, elastic modulus, plastic behavior, strength, and fracture toughness were investigated in Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) and CF/PPS manufactured by different cooling rates. Based on experimental results, the cooling-rate-dependent elasto-plastic constitutive law of resin was developed empirically. Finally, the homogenized simulations of CF/PPS were conducted using the developed empirical model, and predicted results were compared with experiments.
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Weber, Florian, Peter Lehmenkühler, Marlon Hahn, and A. Erman Tekkaya. "Joining of Metal-Thermoplastic-Tube-Joints by Hydraulic Expansion." In ASME 2022 17th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-84991.

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Abstract To encounter current issues regarding climate change, the hybridization of structures with lighter, often dissimilar, materials is an essential cornerstone of lightweight design. The different mechanical behavior of these materials results in challenges in terms of joining. This paper utilizes the joining process by hydraulic expansion to manufacture tube-to-tube joints of aluminum alloy AA6060 T66 and thermoplastic polycarbonate (Lexan) at room temperature. In contrast to metals, elastic and plastic strains coexist in thermoplastics from the beginning of deformation. Based on the theory of linear elasticity, an equation was derived to calculate the fluid pressure that expands the polycarbonate up to a strain value where plastic strains start to increase significantly in comparison to elastic strains. Tensile tests of the joined tubes revealed that the transferable tensile load increased approximately exponentially with increasing plastic deformation of the polycarbonate. With ongoing plastic deformation, micro-cracks appeared and merged within the thermoplastic. The appearance of these so-called crazes had no negative influence on the transferable load within the range of applied fluid pressure.
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Halawani, Nour, Jean-Louis Auge, Olivier Gain, and Sebastien Pruvost. "Electrical properties of thermoset/thermoplastic blends: Influence of the nature of the thermoplastic." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Dielectrics (ICD). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icd.2016.7547608.

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Reports on the topic "Thermoplastic"

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Jo, Hyungyung, Hyeyoung Son, Mitchell Rencheck, Jared Gohl, Devin Madigan, Hugh Grennan, Matthew Giroux, Trevor Thiele-Sardina, Chelsea S. Davis, and Kendra A. Erk. Mechanical Properties of Durable Pavement Marking Materials and Adhesion on Asphalt Surfaces. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317357.

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Mechanical properties of commercially available temporary pavement marking (TPM) tapes and thermoplastic materials used as permanent pavement markings (PPM) were investigated using the non-destructive Tape Drape Test and conventional mechanical testing. The impact of temperature and aging on the adhesion of TPM tapes and thermoplastic PPM applied to asphalt core surfaces with various surface roughness and treatments was determined using a modular peel fixture and shear adhesion tests. The adhesion of TPM tapes to model smooth surfaces decreased as surface temperature was increased from 0 to 40°C (32 to 104°F). For some tapes, reduced adhesion and brittle broken fracture were observed at the lowest investigated temperature of -20°C (-4°F). The adhesion of tapes applied to asphalt decreased significantly within 1 week of aging at -25°C (-13°F). Ghost markings were more likely at higher aging temperatures. For PPM thermoplastics, better adhesion to asphalt was observed for higher application temperatures and rougher surfaces. Asphalt emulsion treatments reduced the adhesion of thermoplastics and increased the likelihood of adhesive failure after 5 months of aging at -25°C (-13°F). More ductile PPM thermoplastic materials had better adhesion to both smooth and rough asphalt surfaces compared to thermoplastic materials with a more brittle mechanical response.
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Fletcher, R. W., and H. W. Cheung. Energetic Thermoplastic Elastomer Synthesis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada203594.

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Manser, G. E., and R. W. Fletcher. Energetic Thermoplastic Elastomer Synthesis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada196885.

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Chien, James C. Thermoplastic Elastomer LOVA Binders. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada236586.

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Matsen, Marc R. Energy Efficient Thermoplastic Composite Manufacturing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1609100.

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Pople, John A. Morphology of Thermoplastic Elastomers:Stereoblock Polypropylene. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/799985.

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Smith, E., and R. O. Scattergood. Diamond turning of thermoplastic polymers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/476638.

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Kaufman, S. G., B. L. Spletzer, and T. R. Guess. Free form fabrication of thermoplastic composites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/642784.

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Kinloch, A. J., and G. K. Kodokian. The Adhesive Bonding of Thermoplastic Composites. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada198689.

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Sun, T., A. Datta, J. P. De Souza, and D. G. Baird. Thermoforming of Insitu Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada232816.

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