Academic literature on the topic 'Thesis oligomers'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Thesis oligomers.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Thesis oligomers"
1
Casado, J., H. Muguruma, S. Hotta, V. Hernández, and J. T. López Navarrete. "Compuestos oligoméricos para láminas delgadas. Estudio de sus propiedades electrónicas por espectroscopía Raman." Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio 39, no. 4 (2000): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/cyv.2000.v39.i4.788.
Full text
2
Dutka, Volodymyr, and Nataliya Oshchapovska. "Adsorption of Oligomeric Peroxides on Aerosil and Magnesium Oxide and Their Behavior on the Water-Air Phases Interface." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 15, no. 1 (2021): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht15.01.047.
Full textAbstract:
Oligomeric peroxide adsorption of sebacic acid on aerosil and magnesium oxide was studied. Adsorption process parameters were found. It is shown that the adsorption takes place through the hydrogen bonds formation between OH– groups of adsorbents surface and peroxide groups. The adsorption process suggests the behavior of peroxide compounds on the water-air phase’s interface. Monomolecular film formations on water surface for oligomeric peroxides were studied. It was found that calculated values of the area extrapolated to zero pressure (S0) depend on the solvent which was used to apply the peroxide in the phases interface. Oligomeric peroxide monolayers considered as condensation-type monolayers. Thermal decomposition of oligomeric peroxide and its di- and monoperoxide analogues was studied. It was shown that total constants of thermal degradation rate k for oligomeric peroxide are higher than those for di- and monoperoxide analogues. There is a correlation between S0 calculated values and the constants of thermal degradation rate for oligoperoxide. The less is S0 value the higher is k value. The conformational state of the macromolecule was preserved during transferring the oligomeric peroxide solution in an organic solvent to the phases interface that affects k values.
3
Cho, Kyu Hong, Diedre Cho, Gui-Rong Wang, and Abigail A. Salyers. "New Regulatory Gene That Contributes to Control ofBacteroides thetaiotaomicron Starch Utilization Genes." Journal of Bacteriology 183, no. 24 (2001): 7198–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.183.24.7198-7205.2001.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron uses starch as a source of carbon and energy. Early steps in the pathway of starch utilization, such as starch binding and starch hydrolysis, are encoded bysus genes, which have been characterized previously. Thesus structural genes are expressed only if cells are grown in medium containing maltose or higher oligomers of glucose. Regulation of the sus structural genes is mediated by SusR, an activator that is encoded by a gene located next to thesus structural genes. A strain with a disruption insusR cannot grow on starch but can still grow on maltose and maltotriose. A search for transposon-generated mutants that could not grow on maltose and maltotriose unexpectedly located a gene, designated malR, which regulates expression of an α-glucosidase not controlled by SusR. Although a disruption insusR did not affect expression of themalR controlled gene, a disruption inmalR reduced expression of the susstructural genes. Thus, MalR appears to participate with SusR in regulation of the sus genes. Results of transcriptional fusion assays and reverse transcription-PCR experiments showed thatmalR is expressed constitutively. Moreover, multiple copies of malR provided on a plasmid (5 to 10 copies per cell) more than doubled the amount of α-glucosidase activity in cell extracts. Our results demonstrate that the starch utilization system ofB. thetaiotaomicron is controlled on at least two levels by the regulatory proteins SusR and MalR.
4
YANG, DECHENG, JANET E. WILSON, DANIEL R. ANDERSON, et al. "In VitroMutational and Inhibitory Analysis of thecis-Acting Translational Elements within the 5′ Untranslated Region of Coxsackievirus B3: Potential Targets for Antiviral Action of Antisense Oligomers." Virology 228, no. 1 (1997): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/viro.1996.8366.
Full text
5
Füllekrug, Joachim, Tatsuo Suganuma, Bor Luen Tang, Wanjing Hong, Brian Storrie та Tommy Nilsson. "Localization and Recycling of gp27 (hp24γ3): Complex Formation with Other p24 Family Members". Molecular Biology of the Cell 10, № 6 (1999): 1939–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.10.6.1939.
Full textAbstract:
We report here the characterization of gp27 (hp24γ3), a glycoprotein of the p24 family of small and abundant transmembrane proteins of the secretory pathway. Immunoelectron and confocal scanning microscopy show that at steady state, gp27 localizes to thecis side of the Golgi apparatus. In addition, some gp27 was detected in COPI- and COPII-coated structures throughout the cytoplasm. This indicated cycling that was confirmed in three ways. First, 15°C temperature treatment resulted in accumulation of gp27 in pre-Golgi structures colocalizing with anterograde cargo. Second, treatment with brefeldin A caused gp27 to relocate into peripheral structures positive for both KDEL receptor and COPII. Third, microinjection of a dominant negative mutant of Sar1p trapped gp27 in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by blocking ER export. Together, this shows that gp27 cycles extensively in the early secretory pathway. Immunoprecipitation and coexpression studies further revealed that a significant fraction of gp27 existed in a hetero-oligomeric complex. Three members of the p24 family, GMP25 (hp24α2), p24 (hp24β1), and p23 (hp24δ1), coprecipitated in what appeared to be stochiometric amounts. This heterocomplex was specific. Immunoprecipitation of p26 (hp24γ4) failed to coprecipitate GMP25, p24, or p23. Also, very little p26 was found coprecipitating with gp27. A functional requirement for complex formation was suggested at the level of ER export. Transiently expressed gp27 failed to leave the ER unless other p24 family proteins were coexpressed. Comparison of attached oligosaccharides showed that gp27 and GMP25 recycled differentially. Only a very minor portion of GMP25 displayed complex oligosaccharides. In contrast, all of gp27 showed modifications by medial and trans enzymes at steady state. We conclude from these data that a portion of gp27 exists as hetero-oligomeric complexes with GMP25, p24, and p23 and that these complexes are in dynamic equilibrium with individual p24 proteins to allow for differential recycling and distributions.
6
Kühn-Velten, Jobst, Matthias Bodenbinder, Raimund Bröchler, Gerhard Hägele, and Friedhelm Aubke. "A 19F nuclear magnetic resonance study of the conjugate BrønstedLewis superacid HSO3FSbF5. Part II." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 80, no. 9 (2002): 1265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v02-139.
Full textAbstract:
Solutions of SbF5 in HSO3F with xSbF5 = 0.012 to 0.405 are studied by 500 MHz 1H NMR (299 K) and 471 MHz 19F NMR (213250 K), using NMR tubes fitted with fluoropolymer lining. The initial process during dissolution is the fast solvolysis of monomeric SbF5 in HSO3F according to SbF5 + nHSO3F [Formula: see text] SbF5 n(SO3F)n + nHF (n = 1, 2). All HF formed during solvolysis will no longer be removed by reaction with glass, but will remain in the superacid system. Besides participation in the fast formation of various fluoro-fluorosulfato anions [SbF6 n(SO3F)n] (n = 0, 1, 2) and acidium ions [H2X]+(solv.) (X= F, SO3F), HF is involved in slow-exchange reactions of the type [SbF6 n(SO3F)n](solv.) + HF [Formula: see text] [SbF7 n(SO3F)n 1](solv.) + HSO3F (n = 1, 2) detected because of a delay of 3 months between sample preparation and measurements and confirmed by repeating theses measurements after a further 3 months. There are three notable differences to our earlier study, affecting concentrations of the fluoro-fluorosulfato antimonate anions observed: (i) in dilute solutions [SbF6] is formed in high concentrations (34.776.1%), with [Sb2F11] now clearly detected at intermediate to high SbF5 concentrations (up to 5.8%); (ii) bis-fluorosulfato anions (cis-, trans-[SbF4(SO3F)2]) are found in much lower concentrations only, which decrease further with time, while tris-fluorosulfato anions ([SbF3(SO3F)3]) are now no longer observed; (iii) these reduced concentrations of poly-fluorosulfato anions in dilute solutions are responsible for the formation of fewer µ-SO3F-oligomers at lower concentrations, when more SbF5 is added. As a consequence, the HSO3FSbF5 magic acid system is now less complex than found previously and only seven anionic species are clearly observed. Key words: superacids, antimony(V) fluoroanions, 1H NMR, 19F NMR, solvolysis.
7
Sweeting, B., M. Qasim Khan, A. Chakrabartty, and E. F. Pai. "Structural factors underlying the species barrier and susceptibility to infection in prion diseaseThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this special issue entitled “Canadian Society of Biochemistry, Molecular & Cellular Biology 52nd Annual Meeting — Protein Folding: Principles and Diseases” and has undergone the Journal's usual peer review process." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 88, no. 2 (2010): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o09-172.
Full textAbstract:
The term prion disease describes a group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases that are believed to be caused by the pathogenic misfolding of a host cell protein, PrP. Susceptibility to prion disease differs between species and incubation periods before symptom onset can change dramatically when infectious prion strains are transmitted between species. This effect is referred to as the species or transmission barrier. Prion strains represent different structures of PrPScand the conformational selection model proposes that the source of theses barriers is the preferential incorporation of PrP from a given species into only a subset of PrPScstructures of another species. The basis of this preferential incorporation is predicted to reside in subtle structural differences in PrP from varying species. The overall fold of PrP is highly conserved among species, but small differences in the amino acid sequence give rise to structural variability. In particular, the loop between the second β-strand and the second α-helix has shown structural variability between species, with loop mobility correlating with resistance to prion disease. Single amino acid polymorphisms in PrP within a species can also affect prion susceptibility, but do not appear to drastically alter the biophysical properties of the native form. These polymorphisms affect the propensity of self-association, in recombinant PrP, to form β-sheet enriched, oligomeric, and amyloid-like forms. These results indicate that the major factor in determining susceptibility to prion disease is the ability of PrP to adopt these misfolded forms by promoting conformational change and self association.
8
Riblett, Amber M., Vincent A. Blomen, Lucas T. Jae, et al. "A Haploid Genetic Screen Identifies Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans Supporting Rift Valley Fever Virus Infection." Journal of Virology 90, no. 3 (2015): 1414–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02055-15.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTRift Valley fever virus (RVFV) causes recurrent insect-borne epizootics throughout the African continent, and infection of humans can lead to a lethal hemorrhagic fever syndrome. Deep mutagenesis of haploid human cells was used to identify host factors required for RVFV infection. This screen identified a suite of enzymes involved in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) biogenesis and transport, including several components of thecis-oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex, one of the central components of Golgi complex trafficking. In addition, disruption ofPTAR1led to RVFV resistance as well as reduced heparan sulfate surface levels, consistent with recent observations that PTAR1-deficient cells exhibit altered Golgi complex morphology and glycosylation defects. A variety of biochemical and genetic approaches were utilized to show that both pathogenic and attenuated RVFV strains require GAGs for efficient infection on some, but not all, cell types, with the block to infection being at the level of virion attachment. Examination of other members of theBunyaviridaefamily for GAG-dependent infection suggested that the interaction with GAGs is not universal among bunyaviruses, indicating that these viruses, as well as RVFV on certain cell types, employ additional unidentified virion attachment factors and/or receptors.IMPORTANCERift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging pathogen that can cause severe disease in humans and animals. Epizootics among livestock populations lead to high mortality rates and can be economically devastating. Human epidemics of Rift Valley fever, often initiated by contact with infected animals, are characterized by a febrile disease that sometimes leads to encephalitis or hemorrhagic fever. The global burden of the pathogen is increasing because it has recently disseminated beyond Africa, which is of particular concern because the virus can be transmitted by widely distributed mosquito species. There are no FDA-licensed vaccines or antiviral agents with activity against RVFV, and details of its life cycle and interaction with host cells are not well characterized. We used the power of genetic screening in human cells and found that RVFV utilizes glycosaminoglycans to attach to host cells. This furthers our understanding of the virus and informs the development of antiviral therapeutics.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Thesis oligomers"
1
Phan, Jamie. "Investigating protein folding by the de novo design of an α-helix oligomer : a thesis". Scholarly Commons, 2001. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/859.
Full textAbstract:
Proteins are composed of a unique sequence of amino acids, whose order guides a protein to adopt its particular fold and perform a specific function. It has been shown that a protein's 3-dimensional structure is embedded within its primary sequence. The problem that remains elusive to biochemists is how a protein's primary sequence directs the folding to adopt such a specific conformation. In an attempt to gain a better understanding of protein folding, my research tests a novel model of protein packing using protein design. The model defines the knob-socket construct as the fundamental unit of packing within protein structure. The knob-socket model characterizes packing specificity in terms of amino acid preferences for sockets in different environments: sockets filled with a knob are involved in inter-helical interactions and free sockets are involved in intra-helical interactions. Equipped with this knowledge, I sought to design a unique protein, Ksα1.1, completely de novo. The sequence was selected to induce helix formation with a predefined tertiary packing interface. Circular dichroism showed that Ksα1.1 formed α-helical secondary structure as intended. The nuclear magnetic resonance studies demonstrated formation of a high order oligomer with increased protein concentration. These results and analysis prove that the knob-socket model is a predictive model for all α-helical protein packing. More importantly, the knob-socket model introduces a new protein design method that can potentially hold a solution to the folding problem.
2
Mitrpant, Chalermchai. "Pre-mRNA splicing manipulation via Antisense Oligomers." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2009. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/421.
Full textAbstract:
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most common lethal neuromuscular disease in childhood, arises from protein-truncating mutations in the dystrophin gene. A deficiency in dystrophin leads to loss of the dystrophin associated protein complex (DAPC), which in turn, renders muscle fibres vulnerable to injury, and eventually leads to muscle loss, necrosis and fibrosis. Although, the dystrophin gene was identified nearly two decades ago, and extensive research has been directed at finding a therapy for DMD, to date, there is still no effective treatment available. One promising molecular approach to treat DNID is antisense oligomer (AO) induced splice intervention. AOs were most widely used to induce RNaseH-mediated gene transcript degradation, however, the development of different backbone chemistries heralds a new generation of AOs that can modify gene transcript splicing patterns. Application of AOs to the dystrophin pre-mRNA to influence exon selection and induce shortened, in-frame dystrophin isoforms is being vigorously pursued. The majority of the work presented here explores the concept of personalised therapies for DMD, whereby oligomers are designed to specifically target individual mutations. The importance of AO-optimisation to obtain AOs capable of inducing efficient dual exon skipping in an established animal model of muscular dystrophy (4CV mouse), which carries a DMD-causing mutation in exon 53, is demonstrated. Removal of both exons 52 and 53 was required to by-pass the mutation, maintain the reading frame and restore dystrophin expression. One of the major challenges of AO-induced splice intervention for therapeutic purposes will be the design and development of clinically relevant oligomers for many different mutations. Various models, including cells transfected with artificial constructs and mice carrying a human dystrophin transgene, have been proposed as tools to facilitate oligomer design for splice manipulation. This thesis investigates the relevance of using mouse models to design AOs for human application, and also explores the use of cultured human myoblasts, from both unaffected humans and a DMD patient, as a means of establishing the most effective therapeutic compound. In addition to induction of exon skipping, the applicability of AOs to promote exon inclusion, by masking possible intronic silencing motifs of survival motor neuron (SMN) pre-mRNA in cultured fibroblasts from a spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patient, is investigated. This study provides additional information about a novel oligomer target site that could be used in combination with previously identified splice silencing motifs for a molecular therapeutic approach to SMA, and may perhaps open up new avenues of treatment for other genetic disorders, where oIigomers could be used to induce exon inclusion.
3
Hall, Grace Louise. "A comparison of ultraviolet, thermal, and microwave polymerized acrylamide terminated polydimethylsiloxane." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12172008-063727/.
Full text
4
Al-Aeeb, Ahmed. "The synthesis of 1-butene oligomers with vinyl endgroups and their use in further reactions." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/379.
Full text
5
Lim, Christina Go. "Synthesis and characterization of poly(oxazoline) rotaxanes and literature review on separation, detection and identification of cyclic oligomers in poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(c̋aprolactam) /." This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01202010-020257/.
Full text
6
Krippner, Lorely Vivienne. "Synthesis and chemistry of hematoporphyrin derived monomers and oligomers /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk9228.pdf.
Full text
7
Canfield, Gina Marie. "Exploration of Poly(ethylene glycol) oligomers as ion exchange media for porous and layered oxides." Tallahassee, Fla. : Florida State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-10252009-180505/.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2009.<br>Advisor: Susan E. Latturner, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Mar. 2, 2010). Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 96 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
8
Umeweni, Chiko. "Synthesis of Internally Linked Carbazole DNA Oligomers: A Potential Monitor for Charge Transfer in DNA Studies." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07052005-161648/.
Full text
9
Kebir, Nasreddine Pilard Jean-François. "Elaboration de nouveaux polyuréthanes à partir de cis-1,4-oligoisoprènes hétérocarbonyltéléchéliques issus de la dégradation contrôlée du cis-1,4-polyisoprène de haute masse étude de leurs propriétés mécaniques, thermiques et biocides /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA1010.pdf.
Full text
10
Patel, Reena R. "Molecular dynamics simulations of polymer nanocomposites containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes." MSSTATE, 2004. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04082004-135524/.
Full textAbstract:
Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out on traditional polymers copolymerized with POSS (Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes) derivatives to identify the reason behind improved properties imparted to the conventional polymers with the chemical incorporation of POSS. Two classes of systems are used in the present study, namely the polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate systems. Seven systems are studied in the polystyrene class. The effect of corner substituent groups of the POSS cage on the properties of the polymer nanocomposites was studied using the polystyrene. In addition, the effect of the type of cage structure on the properties was studied using T8, T10 and T12 POSS cage structures containing phenyl substituents on each POSS cage. Systems with polymethyl methacrylate were studied to analyze the effect of mole percent of POSS on the polymer properties, holding the corner substituents on the POSS unit constant. The corner function used was the isobutyl group. The properties analyzed using simulations include glass transition temperature, volumetric thermal expansion coefficient, X-ray scattering data, solubility parameter and mechanical properties. In both polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate systems, simulations were also carried out on the pure parent polymers for the sake of comparison. The effect of forcefield on the predicted properties was studied using both COMPASS and PCFF forcefields. Performance analysis of the code used in the present simulation was done by analyzing the parallel run time of simulations involving pure atactic polystyrene.
Books on the topic "Thesis oligomers"
1
Nakamura, Tomohiro, and Stuart A. Lipton. Neurodegenerative Diseases as Protein Misfolding Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190233563.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) often represent disorders of protein folding. Rather than large aggregates, recent evidence suggests that soluble oligomers of misfolded proteins are the most neurotoxic species. Emerging evidence points to small, soluble oligomers of misfolded proteins as the cause of synaptic dysfunction and loss, the major pathological correlate to disease progression in many NDDs including Alzheimer’s disease. The protein quality control machinery of the cell, which includes molecular chaperones as found in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and various forms of autophagy, can counterbalance the accumulation of misfolded proteins to some extent. Their ability to eliminate the neurotoxic effects of misfolded proteins, however, declines with age. A plausible explanation for the age-dependent deterioration of the quality control machinery involves compromise of these systems by excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), such as nitric oxide (NO). The resulting redox stress contributes to the accumulation of misfolded proteins. Here, we focus on aberrantly increased generation of NO-related species since this process appears to accelerate the manifestation of key neuropathological features, including protein misfolding. We review the chemical mechanisms of posttranslational modification by RNS such as protein S-nitrosylation of critical cysteine thiol groups and nitration of tyrosine residues, showing how they contribute to the pathogenesis of NDDs.
2
Lattman, Eaton E., Thomas D. Grant, and Edward H. Snell. Examples of Data Collection and Processing. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199670871.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter provides a detailed example of SAXS data analysis from a well behaving system. After collecting the SAXS data, several data analysis procedures are illustrated to ensure the data were of sufficient quality. Many of these steps are performed by comparing multiple concentrations from a dilution series, demonstrating the importance of this step in the data collection procedure for ensuring high quality data. Finally, real space modeling and shape reconstructions are shown to determine the oligomeric state as a tetramer, and identify the correct oligomeric assembly from crystal packing predictions.
3
Davis, Fred J., ed. Polymer Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198503095.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Polymer Chemistry: A Practical Approach in Chemistry has been designed for both chemists working in and new to the area of polymer synthesis. It contains detailed instructions for preparation of a wide-range of polymers by a wide variety of different techniques, and describes how this synthetic methodology can be applied to the development of new materials. It includes details of well-established techniques, e.g. chain-growth or step-growth processes together with more up-to-date examples using methods such as atom-transfer radical polymerization. Less well-known procedures are also included, e.g. electrochemical synthesis of conducting polymers and the preparation of liquid crystalline elastomers with highly ordered structures. Other topics covered include general polymerization methodology, controlled/"living" polymerization methods, the formation of cyclic oligomers during step-growth polymerization, the synthesis of conducting polymers based on heterocyclic compounds, dendrimers, the preparation of imprinted polymers and liquid crystalline polymers. The main bulk of the text is preceded by an introductory chapter detailing some of the techniques available to the scientist for the characterization of polymers, both in terms of their chemical composition and in terms of their properties as materials. The book is intended not only for the specialist in polymer chemistry, but also for the organic chemist with little experience who requires a practical introduction to the field.
4
Safar, Jiri G. Prion Paradigm of Human Neurodegenerative Diseases Caused by Protein Misfolding. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190233563.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
Data accumulated from different laboratories argue that a growing number of proteins causing neurodegeneration share certain characteristics with prions. Prion-like particles were produced from synthetic amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), from recombinant α-synuclein linked to Parkinson’s disease (PD), and from recombinant tau associated with frontotemporal dementias (FTD). Evidence from human prions reveals that variable disease phenotypes, rates of propagation, and targeting of different brain structures are determined by distinct conformers (strains) of pathogenic prion protein. Recent progress in the development of advanced biophysical tools identified the structural characteristics of Aβ in the brain cortex of phenotypically diverse AD patients and thus allowed an investigation of the prion paradigm of AD. The findings of distinctly structured strains of human brain Aβ, forming a unique spectrum of oligomeric particles in the cortex of rapidly progressive cases, implicates these structures in variable rates of propagation in the brain.
Book chapters on the topic "Thesis oligomers"
1
Saito, Nozomi. "Synthesis of Ethynylhelicene Oligomers." In Springer Theses. Springer Japan, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54514-9_2.
Full text
2
Saito, Nozomi. "Higher-Assembly Formation of Pseudoenantiomeric Ethynylhelicene Oligomers." In Springer Theses. Springer Japan, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54514-9_5.
Full text
3
Saito, Nozomi. "Hetero-Double-Helix Formation of Pseudoenantiomeric Ethynylhelicene Oligomers." In Springer Theses. Springer Japan, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54514-9_4.
Full text
4
Saito, Nozomi. "Homo-Double-Helix Formation of Ethynylhelicene Oligomers Possessing Various Side Chains." In Springer Theses. Springer Japan, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54514-9_3.
Full text
5
Goossens, Remko, and Annemieke Aartsma-Rus. "In Vitro Delivery of PMOs in Myoblasts by Electroporation." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2010-6_12.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAntisense oligonucleotides (AONs) are small synthetic molecules of therapeutic interest for a variety of human disease. Their ability to bind mRNA and affect its splicing gives AONs potential use for exon skipping therapies aimed at restoring the dystrophin transcript reading frame for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients. The neutrally charged phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs) are a stable and relatively nontoxic AON modification. To assess exon skipping efficiency in vitro, it is important to deliver them to target cells. Here, we describe a method for the delivery of PMOs to myoblasts by electroporation. The described protocol for the Amaxa 4D X unit nucleofector system allows efficient processing of 16 samples in one nucleocuvette strip, aiding in high-throughput PMO efficacy screens.
6
Gnanasekaran, Dhorali. "Effect of Nanostructured Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxone on High Performance Poly(urethane-Imide)." In High Performance Polymers and Their Nanocomposites. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119363910.ch5.
Full text
7
Palacio-Castañeda, Valentina, Roland Brock, and Wouter P. R. Verdurmen. "Generation of Protein-Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomer Conjugates for Efficient Cellular Delivery via Anthrax Protective Antigen." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2010-6_8.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractPhosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs) offer great promise as therapeutic agents for translation blocking or splice modulation due to their high stability and affinity for target sequences. However, in spite of their neutral charge as compared to natural oligonucleotides or phosphorothioate analogs, they still show little permeability for cellular membranes, highlighting the need for effective cytosolic delivery strategies. In addition, the implementation of strategies for efficient cellular targeting is highly desirable to minimize side effects and maximize the drug dose at its site of action. Anthrax toxin is a three-protein toxin of which the pore-forming protein anthrax protective antigen (PA) can be redirected to a receptor of choice and lethal factor (LF), one of the two substrate proteins, can be coupled to various cargoes for efficient cytosolic cargo delivery. In this protocol, we describe the steps to produce the proteins and protein conjugates required for cytosolic delivery of PMOs through the cation-selective pore generated by anthrax protective antigen. The method relies on the introduction of a unique cysteine at the C-terminal end of a truncated LF (aa 1–254), high-yield expression of the (truncated) toxin proteins in E. coli, functionalization of a PMO with a maleimide group and coupling of the maleimide-functionalized PMO to the unique cysteine on LF by maleimide-thiol conjugation chemistry. Through co-administration of PA with LF-PMO conjugates, an efficient cytosolic delivery of PMOs can be obtained.
8
Haida, Abderrazak Ben, and Philip Hodge. "The formation of cyclic oligomers during step-growth polymerization." In Polymer Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198503095.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
Step-growth polymerization is controlled both by the efficiency of the synthetic routes chosen (as indicated in Chapter 4) and by statistical considerations. In particular, the formation of the desired polymer is almost always accompanied by a cyclic oligomer fraction. As the dilution increases, the chances of cyclization also increase, since polymerization is a second-order process involving the reaction between linear species, whereas cyclization, involving the (intramolecular) reaction between the two ends of a linear molecule, is inherently a first-order process. Cyclization is a particular feature of the early stages of a step-growth polymerization (up to extents of reaction of 98–99%), where a proportion of the end groups that react are on the same molecule. Hence, cyclics form. Since the chances of meeting of the end groups decrease rapidly as the distance between them increases, the cyclics are of relatively low molecular weight, that is, they are oligomers. Further reaction leads mainly to linear molecules, although at extremely high conversions the number of end groups is quite small and intramolecular reactions essentially terminate the process, such that it might be expected that all chains ultimately cyclize. Practically though, the levels of conversion necessary to obtain these very large rings are extremely high and difficult to obtain (either by virtue of side reactions, monomer imperfections, or simply the level of viscosity of high molecular weight polymer solutions). What is usually obtained, therefore, is a mixture of cyclics and linear molecules. However, since cyclic oligomers often differ considerably in, for example, solubility compared to their high molar mass linear homologues, separation is often relatively straightforward. The commercial importance of polymers produced by step-growth polymerization gives a particular significance to understanding the nature of such materials. The presence of cyclic oligomers can be detrimental to the polymer properties since their presence could cause problems during processing. For instance, cyclic oligomers of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) tend to migrate to the surface of spun fibres and, under certain conditions, they crystallize to produce a surface ‘bloom’ which interferes with subsequent dyeing. More recently, it is the reverse of cyclization, namely ring-opening polymerization, which has been a particular focus of attention.
9
Shevchenko, Valery V., Alexandr V. Stryutsky, Mariana A. Gumenna, Nina S. Klimenko, and Valeri V. Klepko. "Synthesis, structure and properties of oligomeric ionic liquids of highly branched structure and special features of their self-arrangement." In NEW FUNCTIONAL SUBSTANCES AND MATERIALS FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING. PH “Akademperiodyka”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/akademperiodyka.444.199.
Full textAbstract:
Synthesis, features of structural organization and behavior in aqueous solution of amphiphilic reactive aprotic cationic oligomeric ionic liquids obtained on the basis of a mixture of oligomeric amino- and hydroxyl-containing silsesquioxanes were considered. The dependence of the glass transition temperature, the value of ionic conductivity, self-organization in dilute aqueous solutions and the ζ-potential on the length of the alkyl substituent near the quaternary nitrogen atom in the composition of the synthesized compounds was shown. It was found that quaternization of the tertiary nitrogen atom of the starting oligomer causes a sharp decrease in the glass transition temperature. The value of the latter increases with an increase in the length of the hydrophobic alkyl fragments due to their association. In this case the ionic conductivity under anhydrous conditions decreases and at temperatures above 100°C drops by almost an order of magnitude. The maximum conductivity was reached for the oligomeric ionic liquid with the short alkyl chain and its value was 10-3 S/cm at 120oC. In dilute aqueous solutions the synthesized oligomeric ionic liquids with the short alkyl chain form aggregates with an average size of 100 nm while increasing the length of the alkyl chain prevents aggregation of silsesquioxane nuclei and leads to formation of unimolecular micelles with an average size of 3 nm
10
Wemmer, D. "Design and Characterization of New Sequence Specific DNA Ligands." In Biological NMR Spectroscopy. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195094688.003.0026.
Full textAbstract:
During the early 1980s there were two developments which lead to our studies of sequence specific DNA ligands. The first was the development of sequential assignment methods based on 2D NMR spectra which allowed complete assignment of resonances for proteins (Wüthrich, 1986). The assignments in turn allowed determination of many structural restraints through interpretation of NOESY crosspeaks and coupling constants from COSY type spectra. The second advance was the improvement of the chemistry for direct synthesis of DNA oligomers. With multimilligram samples of DNA oligomers available sequential assignment methods for DNA, paralleling those for proteins, were also worked out. Again with assignments came the possibility of determining DNA structures in solution. Howeverfor double stranded, Watson-Crick paired DNAs the structure can be reasonably approximated by the standard B-form model derived from fiber diffraction. The accurate determination of local conformational features has been somewhat difficult using NMR since tertiary contacts (as are so valuable in determining protein structures) do not occur. However with careful quantitative analysis some of the local details of structure can be determined. These NMR methods also offered the possibility of trying to understand the structural basis for binding of ligands to DNA oligomers. In order to make welldefined complexes we wanted to start with a compound that showed some sequence specificity in binding, and selected distamycin (shown below), a polypyrrole antibiotic which was known to have preference for binding to A-T rich DNA sequences. A close relative, netropsin, had been studied by Dinshaw Patel who showed that the binding is in the minor groove by identifying an NOE between a proton of the ligand and an adenosine H2 in the center of the minor groove (Patel, 1982). We began by making a complex with the self-complementary DNA oligomer: 5'-CGCGAATTCGCG-3', which had been studied extensively by X-- ray crystallography, and also by NMR. Distamycin did form a well-defined complex with this DNA, which was is slow exchange with free DNA during titrations (Klevit et al., 1986).
Conference papers on the topic "Thesis oligomers"
1
Gaffney, P. J., L. J. Creighton, A. Curry, B. MacMahon, and R. Thorpe. "MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES OF THE IgM AND IgG CLASS SPECIFIC FOR CROSSLINKED FIBRIN DEGRADATION PRODUCTS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643651.
Full textAbstract:
Monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to crosslinked fibrin degradation products (XL-FDP) having the general formula D/Y[X]nY/D (known as X-oligomer) and D-D (known as D dimer) have been raised in balb/C mice by both a novel mtrasplenic and a conventional subcutaneous route of immunisation and by combinations of both these procedures. Mabs to X-oligomers (NIBn 52 and NIBn 123) obtained by an intrasplenic procedure have been demonstrated to crossreact only with X-oligomer in a 2-site ELISA procedure and not with D dimer or whole fibrinogen and have been shown to be of value m the examination of clinical material obtained from patients with various types of thrombosis and have also been useful in monitoring the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy. The X-oligomer mabs are immunoglobulins of the M class. It was demonstrated that their unique specificity for conformational epitopes on the large X-oligomer fragments does not reside in the IgM structure since alterative immunisation procedures have been used to generate mabs of the IgG class which have the same specificity. Using immunoglobulin class switching in culture rather than during immunisation was suggested by certain cell lines which produced both IgM and IgG specific for X-oligomer. This latter point needs rigorous validation.Immunoglobulin G type mabs to highly purified D dimer were raised by conventional subcutaneous immunisation of balb/C mice. One of these, NIBn-11, was found to crossreact with PVC-immobilised X-oligomer and D dimer but not with fibrinogen. However NIBn-11 did not bind to D dimer in a 2-site ELISA procedure while crossreactmg quite avidly with X-oligomer. This suggests that the D dimer epitope to which NIBn-11 is directed is expressed in some conformations and not m others and that these conformations are always expressed in the complex X-oligomer group of fragments. These mabs, whilst of value in measuring certain unique fibrin fragments m plasma, are useful in the epitope mapping of fibrinogen/fibrin and their plasmm-mediated
2
Procyk, R., M. Block, and B. Blomback. "POLYMERIZATION OF FIBRINOGEN AND FIBRONECTIN CATALYZED BY FACTOR XIII." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643310.
Full textAbstract:
Factor XIII catalyzed the formation of gels in solutions containing physiological concentrations of fibrinogen and fibro-nectin. Oligomeric intermediates were isolated from reaction mixtures at early times prior to gel formation by chromatography on gelatin-Sepharose and by FPLC using Superose 6 columns. The products of two simultaneous polymerization reactions were characterized: fibrinogen oligomers (fibrinogenin) from the poly merization of fibrinogen, and conjugates of fibrinogen-fibro-nectin (heteronectin) from heteropolymer formation involving the two proteins.At a constant concentration of fibrinogen (2.5 mg/mL) and factor XIII (0.4 U/mL), the appearance of different sizes of fibrinogen polymers depended on the concentration of fibronectin added to the reaction mixture. At fibronectin concentrations in the range of the normal plasma level of 0.3 mg/mL, fibrinogen formed oligomers of various sizes up to heptamer before incorporating a molecule of fibronectin. At a high fibronectin concentration (3.2 mg/mL) most of the fibrinogen reacted with the fibronectin at the monomer stage, although small amounts of fibrinogen dimers and trimers were also formed.Heteronectin formation coincided with the appearance of filamentous and particulate matter. This material became incorporated into a gel structure if sufficient fibrinogen was present in the reaction mixture (about 0.5 mg/mL). If these factor XIII catalyzed polymerization reactions occur in the microvasculature under conditions where the fibrinogen concentration might be significantly lowered, the production of fibrinogen-fibronectin polymeric material without gel formation would be favored.
3
Grøn, B., and F. Brosstad. "IMMUNO-VISUALIZATION OF FIBRINOGEN AND FIBRIN IN GELS PRDUCED BY GELATION OF PLASMA WITH ETHANOL." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643326.
Full textAbstract:
The Ethanol Gelation Test(=EGT) is a well-documented simple,specific and frequently used test to detect plasma soluble fibrin(Godal & Abildgaard:Gelation of soluble fibrin in plasma by ethanol.Scand.J.Haanat.3,342,1966) .If soluble fibrin present in plasma amounts to 1% or more of the plasma-f ibrinogen conc.,the admixing of 0.15 ml 50% ethanol to 0.5 ml plasma in a test tube will-(subsequent to incubation for 10 min at 20°C)-upon tilting the test tube semi-horizontally produce a characteristic,(upwardly) convex gel. Although earlier studies have confirmed the validity and specificity of EGT as a means to detect soluble fibrin,we found it of interest to see to which degree such soluble fibrin is FXIII-stabilized EGT-positive(from patients with Disseminated Intravascular Coagula-tion(DIC) and EGT-negative plasma was studied as follows: The EGT test was performed as above,and the entire content of the test tube emptied upon a nylon micro-meshed membrane.Applying slight suction underneath the nylon manbrane the fluid was removed,leaving the ethanol precipitated material which was immediately dissolved in SDS (1%)-urea(5M)-Tris-HCl (0.15M,pH8.6). After incubation at 100°C for 1 min the material was SDS-electrophoresed on flat-bed agarose(2%) Subsequent to Western-blotting onto nitrocellulose and gelatine-blocking, the fibrin(ogen)-related pattern was reacted with either: a)polyclonal antibodies to fibrinogen,b)plyclonal antibodies to FPA or c)monoclonal antibody to FPA(gift from Dr.Nieuwenhuizen, Leyden, Holland) .Then,the fibrin(ogen)related pattern was developed using peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies.From the specificity of the primary antibodies used,it could be deduced that:1)A substantial amount of the soluble fibrin content of DIC-plasma was present in an oligomeric form(up to 6-mers) .2)These oligomers contained fibrinogen, i.e. thus representing FXIII-1 inked fibrinogen/fibrin hybride molecules .3) Even normal plasma contained some detectable oli-gomers(up to 3-mers) .4) Col lecting blood with all appropriate thrombin- and FXIII-inhibitors did not change the patterns obtained and described above.It may be concluded that soluble fibrin occurs mainly in a FXIII-stabilized,oligomeric form which contains fibrinogen Due to the nature of the polymerization process,the fibrinogen moiety of these hybride molecules must be end-located representing a physiological means to inhibit further polymer growth.
4
Hunziker, E. B., P. W. Straub, and A. Haeberli. "AN INTERLOCKING SINGLE-STRAND MODEL FOR FIBRIN POLYMERIZATION." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643315.
Full textAbstract:
The early stages of fibrin polymerization were investigated by rotatory shadowing and electron microscopy. Individual molecules within initial oligomers were found to be unaligned and contacted neighbouring molecules by single E + D and D + E contacts, suggesting an intermediate phase of activation (des A-fibrin). The interacting molecular domains were separated by a distance of 2 to 3 nm, indicating that (both or at least one) binding sites are located on protruding segments of the polypeptide chains. Upon completion of fibrin activation (des AA-fibrin), molecules within the early oligomers aligned to form single-stranded polymers,o these being characterized by repeating trinodular units of 230 A in length. Based upon these findings, a new interlocking single-stranded model for fibrin polymerization was designed and tested. The model is consistent with previous experimental data on fibrin polymerization such as that obtained by X-ray diffraction and negative staining. Moreover, early branching and lateral association phenomena are easily explained.
5
Hantgan, R. R. "LOCALIZATION OF THE DOMAINS OF FIBRIN INVOLVED IN BINDING TO PLATELETS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643773.
Full textAbstract:
The molecular basis of platelet-fibrin interactions has been investigated by using synthetic peptides as potential inhibitors of binding fibrin protofibrils and fibrinogen to ADP-stimulated platelets, adhesion of fibrin fibers to the platelet surface, and platelet-mediated clot retraction. Synthetic peptides RGDS and HHLGGAKQAGDV, corresponding to regions of the fibrinogen α and γ chains previously identified as platelet recognition sites, inhibited the binding of radiolabelled soluble fibrin oligomers to ADP-stimulated platelets with IC50 values of 12 and 40 μM, respectively. The IC50 values obtained with fibrinogen as the ligand were 3-fold higher. Synthetic GPRP and GHRP, corresponding to the N-terminal sequences of the fibrin α and β chains, were minimally effective in blocking soluble fibrin oligomer binding to ADP-stimulated platelets. The extent of fibrin:platelet adhesion was determined with a microfluorimetric technique which measures the quantity of fluorescein-labelled fibrin attached to the surface of platelets. The signal obtained from the brightly fluorescent platelet:fibrin adducts was time- and concentration-dependent, and was fully inhibited by a monoclonal antibody directed against the glycoprotein II:IIIa complex (HP1-1D, kindly provided by Dr. W. Nichols). Inhibition of fibrin:platelet adhesion by RGDS, HHGGAKQAGDV, and GHRP all exhibited a similar, linear dependence on the peptide concentration, reaching 1/2 maximum at about 200 μM, suggesting nonspecific effects. GPRP inhibited fibrin assembly but did not appear to have specific effects on fibrin:platelet adhesion. The time course of clot retraction was followed by right angle light scattering intensity measurements. Only RGDS affected clot retraction, causing a 4-fold decrease in rate at 230 μM. These results indicate that fibrinogen and fibrin protofibrils, which are obligatory intermediates in the fibrin assembly pathway, share a set of common platelet recognition sites located at specific regions of the α and γ chains of the multinodular fibrin(ogen) molecules. The RGDS site is also involved in mediating interactions between the three dimensional fibrin network and ADP-stimulated platelets.
6
Berk, H. R. "THE EFFECT OF SHEAR ON OLIGOMER FORMATION; EFFECTIVE REMOVAL OF MONOMERS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644220.
Full textAbstract:
Fibrin polymerization has been found to be influenced by shear flow conditions (Puryear,1980). In order to determine which mechanisms are responsible for theeffect reported it is necessary to look at the various stages in fibrin polymerization. It is known that the enzymatic attack of thrombin on fibrinogen is not influenced by shear (Sellers,1981). The next step, which is investigated in this study, is the oligomer-early protofibril stage.Fibrinogen (human, Kabi) is reacted with thrombin (human, Sigma) under Couette flow conditions (volume-averaged shear 0-250sec-l) in a pH 6.8, 4mM CaC12, HEPES buffered solution (I. S.-.15). The reaction time is chosen so that 6% of fibrinopeptide A (FPA) is released. The reaction is stopped by a 1,6 hexandiol-hirudin solution. The effect of shear on oligomer population is measured using large angle 1ightscattering techniques.In order to predict theoretical shear effects on oligomer formation, it is important to be able to predict the population size. This is done using Jamney’s (1983) predictions, for early reaction time, assuming q=16. Given a size distribution it is possible to apply low Reynold’s number hydrodynamic and Smoluchowski1 s( coagulation theories to predict possible shear affects.Hydrodynamic theory predicts no effect of shear on oligomer formation; Peclet numbers are too small. Smoluchowski coagulation theory, on the other hand, predicts that for oligomer sized particles in the shear range studied, orthokinetic (shear induced) coagulation becomes more important than peri kinetic (Brornian) coagulation.Results obtained from Zimm analysis show a dramatic increase in molecular weight, compared to the stagnant case, in the shear region corresponding to where orthokinetic coagulation dominates. The higher the thrombin concentration, the more extreme and earlier (i.e. lower shear) these effects are felt. After a peak is reached in molecular weight there is a sudden drop. This is caused by monomer exhaustion which shifts the population to a more homogeneous type. The concept of orthokinetic coagulation is important physiologically since it is advantageous to incorporate monomers onto fibers as quickly as possible.
7
Abakumets, V. Y., and K. Ya Bulanava. "THE INFLUENCE OF INSULIN FIBRILLATION." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2021: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-2-7-10.
Full textAbstract:
Violation of protein folding leads to the development of a number of systemic and neurodegenerative diseases-proteinopathy. In these pathologies, proteins acquire an incorrect conformation that differs from the native one, become functionally inactive, toxic, and prone to aggregation and deposition in various organs and tissues. There is a widespread hypothesis that the primary cytotoxic agents in the development of proteinopathies are protein oligomers that are prone to aggregation. These diseases include Parkinson’s disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, type 2 diabetes, and many others.
8
Su, Tianxiang, and Prashant K. Purohit. "Mechanics of Heterogeneous Fluctuating Elastic Rods." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86364.
Full textAbstract:
Biofilaments, such as actin and DNA, have for long been modeled as thermally fluctuating elastic rods with homogeneous material properties. Such models are adequate if the length scale of the filaments being studied is much larger than the scale of the heterogeneity. However, advanced single molecule experimental techniques have now made it possible to probe the properties of biomolecules at the scale of a few nanometers. The data emerging from these experiments ought to be greeted with appropriately detailed models. In this paper we study the mechanics of a thermally fluctuating elastic rod whose moduli are a function of position. Such a rod can be used as a model for DNA whose sequence specific properties are known or for a protein oligomer in an AFM where some of the monomers might be unfolded. The mechanics of these rods is understood by first evaluating a partition function through path integral techniques. We develop a computational technique to efficiently evaluate the partition function and use it to obtain the force-extension relation of a fluctuating rod with two different bending moduli as would be the case for a partially unfolded protein oligomer stretched in an AFM. The variance of the transverse fluctuations of the protein oligomer is also evaluated and are found to agree with the results of a Monte Carlo simulation.
9
Garcia Frade, L. J., L. Landin, A. Garcia Avello, J. L. Bavarro, L. J. Creighton, and P. J. Gaffney. "FIBRIIOLYTIC ACTIVITY II THE IITBISIVE CARE PATIEIT." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644885.
Full textAbstract:
Critically ill patients have been described to have blood coagulation abnormalities that predispose to bleeding and thrombosis.We have studied plasminogen activators (fibrin plate, enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay using polyclonalantibodies for t-PA), X-oligomers fibrin fragments (using monoclonal antibodies in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), octant i pi asmin, antithrombtai III and fibronectin (Laurel1 innaunoeleetrophoretic technique), fibrinogen (thrombin timeassay), plateLets count, kaolln-cephalin clotting time and prothrombin time on admission to the intensive care unit and sequentially after 24 and 48 hours in 39 adult patients: Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (n:6), Trauma (n:12), Sepsis (n:8), and Miscellanea (n:13).A decrease in tissue plasminogen activator (ng/ml)(p<0.001, p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.05, respectively in the four groups), associated to an increase in the earliest form of cross-linked fibrin degradation products, X-Oligomers concentration (ng/ml) (p<0.01), indicatethat fibrindeposition and fibrinolytic exhaustion is a widespread situation in the ICU patients. Fibronectin was significantly reduced (p<0.001) in ARDS and Sepsis patients, low fibronectin levels were related to prognosis (p<0.01).These findings suggest.that critically ill patients, must be evaluated in respect to fibrinolysis and supported when necessary with prophylactic treatment.
10
Ravndal, Kristin T., and Roald Kommedal. "Modelling particle degradation and intermediate dynamics in a dispersed activated sludge microcosm." In 63rd International Conference of Scandinavian Simulation Society, SIMS 2022, Trondheim, Norway, September 20-21, 2022. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp192002.
Full textAbstract:
Municipal wastewater consists of a large fraction of particulate organic matter. During biological wastewater treatment these particles undergo extracellular depolymerisation before products are taken up by bacteria (MW < 0.6 kDa). Particle degradation and intermediate formation dynamics is important in process analysis of wastewater treatment as the transport regime differ. This work aims to develop a model for particle degradation that includes intermediate dynamics as observed in experimental work. A model for particle degradation including intermediate dynamics, bacterial growth and endogenous respiration is proposed. Particle hydrolysis was modelled using the particle breakup model. Depolymerisation products were separated into five different size groups: colloids; high, medium and low molecular weight (HMW, MMW and LMW) polymers; and one fraction for oligomers and monomers (SB). Depolymerisation of colloids, HMW and MMW polymers was modelled using first order kinetics. LMW polymer degradation was modelled using Michaelis-Menten kinetics, while growth was based on traditional Monod kinetics and endogenous respiration followed ASM3. The proposed model was implemented in AQUASIM for a batch reactor system, and parameter estimation by LSE fitting to experimental data on particulate starch degradation over 117 days in a dispersed biomass microcosm was performed. Validation of the model against experimental data gave a very good fit to the PBM. The intermediate dynamics seen in the experimental data was also qualitatively demonstrated by the model, with accumulation of HMW, MMW and LMW polymers in the bulk liquid. However, the accumulation of monomers and oligomers in the bulk liquid could not be reproduced in the suspended growth model proposed. Hence, a structured biomass model (biofilm) is suggested for future work.
Reports on the topic "Thesis oligomers"
1
Fagan, Patricia A. NMR studies of DNA oligomers and their interactions with minor groove binding ligands. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/373863.
Full text
2
Schwab, Joseph J., Joseph D. Lichtenhan, Kevin P. Chaffee, Patrick T. Mather, and Angel Romo-Uribe. Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (POSS): Silicon Based Monomers and Their Use in the Preparation of Hybrid Polyurethanes. Defense Technical Information Center, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada408813.
Full text
3
Azem, Abdussalam, George Lorimer, and Adina Breiman. Molecular and in vivo Functions of the Chloroplast Chaperonins. United States Department of Agriculture, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697111.bard.
Full textAbstract:
We present here the final report for our research project entitled "The molecular and in vivo functions of the chloroplast chaperonins”. Over the past few decades, intensive investigation of the bacterial GroELS system has led to a basic understanding of how chaperonins refold denatured proteins. However, the parallel is limited in its relevance to plant chaperonins, since the plant system differs from GroEL in genetic complexity, physiological roles of the chaperonins and precise molecular structure. Due to the importance of plant chaperonins for chloroplast biogenesis and Rubisco assembly, research on this topic will have implications for many vital applicative fields such as crop hardiness and efficiency of plant growth as well as the production of alternative energy sources. In this study, we set out to investigate the structure and function of chloroplast chaperonins from A. thaliana. Most plants harbor multiple genes for chaperonin proteins, making analysis of plant chaperonin systems more complicated than the GroEL-GroES system. We decided to focus on the chaperonins from A. thaliana since the genome of this plant has been well defined and many materials are available which can help facilitate studies using this system. Our proposal put forward a number of goals including cloning, purification, and characterization of the chloroplast cpn60 subunits, antibody preparation, gene expression patterns, in vivo analysis of oligomer composition, preparation and characterization of plant deletion mutants, identification of substrate proteins and biophysical studies. In this report, we describe the progress we have made in understanding the structure and function of chloroplast chaperonins in each of these categories.