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1

Duc, Dau Xuan. "Recent Progress in the Synthesis of Benzo[b]thiophene." Current Organic Chemistry 24, no. 19 (December 1, 2020): 2256–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272824999200820151545.

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: Benzo[b]thiophenes are aromatic heterocyclic compounds containing benzene and thiophene rings. This class of heterocycles is present in a large number of natural and non-natural compounds. Benzo[b]thiophene derivatives have a broad range of applications in medicinal chemistry such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-HIV and antiinflammatory activities. The use of benzo[b]thiophene derivatives in other fields has also been reported. Various benzo[b]thiophenes compounds have been employed as organic photoelectric materials, while several benzo[b]thiophenes have been used as organic semiconductors. Benzo[b]thiophenes have also been used as building blocks or intermediates for the synthesis of pharmaceutically important molecules. : Due to such a wide range of applicability, the synthesis of benzo[b]thiophene derivatives has attracted intensive research. Numerous mild and efficient approaches for the synthesis of benzo[b]thiophenes have been developed over the years. Different catalysts and substrates have been applied for benzo[b]thiophene synthesis. This review will focus on the studies in the construction of benzo[b]thiophene skeleton, which date back from 2012.
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2

Clark, Peter D., Nicholas M. Irvine, and Pratibha Sarkar. "The synthesis of 3H-naphthol[1,8-bc]thiophene derivatives." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 69, no. 6 (June 1, 1991): 1011–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v91-148.

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Methods for the synthesis of keto derivatives of the little studied naphtho[1,8-bc]thiophene system have been developed. Using the readily available benzothiophene derivative 6,7-dihydrobenzo[b]thiophen-4(5H)-one 4, a 3-keto-naphtho[1,8-bc]thiophene 14 was synthesized by a tin(IV) chloride catalyzed cyclization of the acid chloride derivative of the saturated acid 13b. The bicyclic ketone 4 was also used to prepare the keto-sulfoxide 7, which was cyclized to the 4-keto-naphtho[1,8-bc]thiophene system 9 in a Pummerer-type rearrangement. Key words: synthesis, organosulfur, naphtho[1,8-bc]thiophenones.
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3

Vu Quoc, Trung, Duong Tran Thi Thuy, Thuan Dang Thanh, Thanh Phung Ngoc, Vuong Nguyen Thien, Chinh Nguyen Thuy, and Luc Van Meervelt. "Some chalcones derived from thiophene-3-carbaldehyde: synthesis and crystal structures." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 75, no. 7 (June 4, 2019): 957–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989019007503.

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The synthesis, spectroscopic data and crystal and molecular structures of four 3-(3-phenylprop-1-ene-3-one-1-yl)thiophene derivatives, namely 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(thiophen-3-yl)prop-1-en-3-one, C13H10O2S, (1), 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(thiophen-3-yl)prop-1-en-3-one, C14H12O2S, (2), 1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-3-(thiophen-3-yl)prop-1-en-3-one, C15H14O2S, (3), and 1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(thiophen-3-yl)prop-1-en-3-one, C13H9BrOS, (4), are described. The four chalcones have been synthesized by reaction of thiophene-3-carbaldehyde with an acetophenone derivative in an absolute ethanol solution containing potassium hydroxide, and differ in the substituent at the para position of the phenyl ring: –OH for 1, –OCH3 for 2, –OCH2CH3 for 3 and –Br for 4. The thiophene ring in 4 was found to be disordered over two orientations with occupancies 0.702 (4) and 0.298 (4). The configuration about the C=C bond is E. The thiophene and phenyl rings are inclined by 4.73 (12) for 1, 12.36 (11) for 2, 17.44 (11) for 3 and 46.1 (6) and 48.6 (6)° for 4, indicating that the –OH derivative is almost planar and the –Br derivative deviates the most from planarity. However, the substituent has no real influence on the bond distances in the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety. The molecular packing of 1 features chain formation in the a-axis direction by O—H...O contacts. In the case of 2 and 3, the packing is characterized by dimer formation through C—H...O interactions. In addition, C—H...π(thiophene) interactions in 2 and C—H...S(thiophene) interactions in 3 contribute to the three-dimensional architecture. The presence of C—H...π(thiophene) contacts in the crystal of 4 results in chain formation in the c-axis direction. The Hirshfeld surface analysis shows that for all four derivatives, the highest contribution to surface contacts arises from contacts in which H atoms are involved.
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4

Zhou, Yue, Jie Hao, and Dongbing Zhao. "Divergent synthesis of 3-substituted thieno[3,4-b]thiophene derivatives via hydroxy-based transformations." Materials Chemistry Frontiers 3, no. 7 (2019): 1422–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9qm00128j.

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Modular assembly of 3-substituted thieno[3,4-b]thiophenes: we have developed the first Pd-catalytic method to access 3-hydroxythieno[3,4-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate, which can be widely utilized for modular assembly of structurally diverse 3-substituted thieno[3,4-b]thiophene derivatives.
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5

Irgashev, Roman A., Nadezhda S. Demina, and Gennady L. Rusinov. "Construction of 2,3-disubstituted benzo[b]thieno[2,3-d]thiophenes and benzo[4,5]selenopheno[3,2-b]thiophenes using the Fiesselmann thiophene synthesis." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 18, no. 16 (2020): 3164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ob00300j.

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6

Bolduc, Andréanne, Stéphane Dufresne, Garry S. Hanan, and W. G. Skene. "Synthesis, photophysics, and electrochemistry of thiophene–pyridine and thiophene–pyrimidine dyad comonomers." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 88, no. 3 (March 2010): 236–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v09-166.

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A series of new π-conjugated donor (D) and acceptor (A) dyad comonomers were prepared using Suzuki coupling protocols. The D–A comonomers consisting of thiophene/bithiophene as donors and pyridine/pyrimidine as acceptors were prepared to investigate their photophysical and electrochemical properties. The dyads were spectroscopically confirmed to be highly conjugated. This was further supported by the X-ray crystal structure of the bithophene–pyridine dyad that showed all the heterocycles to be coplanar. It was further found that the fluorescence yields (Φfl) of the dyads were highly dependent on the number of thiophenes. The bithiophene derivatives exhibited Φfl values ≥ 0.3 while the thiophene derivatives did not fluoresce. The suppressed fluorescence observed for the thiophene derivatives was due to their higher triplet energy resulting in efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) to the triplet state with ΦISC ≥ 0.8. This was confirmed both by time-resolved and steady-state measurements. The singlet excited state of both thiophene and bithiophene dyads was deactivated solely by either fluorescence and (or) ISC. Owing to their donor and acceptor character, the dyads could be oxidized and reduced both electrochemically and photochemically to afford the radical cation and anion, respectively.
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7

Damit, E. F., N. Nordin, A. Ariffin, and K. Sulaiman. "Synthesis of Novel Derivatives of Carbazole-Thiophene, Their Electronic Properties, and Computational Studies." Journal of Chemistry 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9360230.

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A series of carbazole-thiophene dimers,P1–P9, were synthesized using Suzuki-Miyaura and Ullmann coupling reactions. InP1–P9, carbazole-thiophenes were linked at the N-9 position for different core groups via biphenyl, dimethylbiphenyl, and phenyl. Electronic properties were evaluated by UV-Vis, cyclic voltammogram, and theoretical calculations. Particularly, the effects of conjugation connectivity on photophysical and electrochemical properties, as well as the correlation between carbazole-thiophene and the core, were studied. Carbazole connecting with thiophenes at the 3,6-positions and the phenyl group as a core group leads to increased stabilization of HOMO and LUMO energy levels where the bandgap (ΔE) is significantly reduced.
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8

Demina, Nadezhda S., Nikita A. Kazin, Nikolay A. Rasputin, Roman A. Irgashev, and Gennady L. Rusinov. "Synthesis of aryl-substituted thieno[3,2-b]thiophene derivatives and their use for N,S-heterotetracene construction." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 15 (November 12, 2019): 2678–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.15.261.

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Fiesselmann thiophene synthesis was applied for the convenient construction of thieno[3,2-b]thiophene derivatives. Thus, new 5- or 6-aryl-3-hydroxythieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2-carboxylates were obtained by condensation of 5- or 4-aryl-3-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylates, respectively, with methyl thioglycolate in the presence of potassium tert-butoxide. The saponification of the resulting esters, with decarboxylation of the intermediating acids, gave the corresponding thieno[3,2-b]thiophen-3(2H)-ones. The latter ketones were used to synthesize new N,S-heterotetracenes, namely 9H-thieno[2',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-b]indoles by their treatment with arylhydrazines in accordance with the Fischer indolization reaction.
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9

Madabhushi, Sridhar, Srinivas Kurva, Vinodkumar Sriramoju, Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu, and Suresh Reddy Cirandur. "Efficient synthesis of polyfunctionalized thiophene-2,3-diones and thiophen-3(2H)-ones using β-oxodithioesters." RSC Advances 5, no. 79 (2015): 64797–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra11629e.

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10

Ilhan, Koray T., Sebahat Topal, Mehmet S. Eroglu, and Turan Ozturk. "Concise synthesis of 3-alkylthieno[3,2-b]thiophenes; building blocks for organic electronic and optoelectronic materials." RSC Advances 9, no. 66 (2019): 38407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra08023f.

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Four step synthesis of 3-alkylthieno[3,2-b]thiophenes in the literature was reduced to two steps in good yields, through the preparation of the mono ketone, i.e. 1-(thiophene-3-ylthio)alkan-2-one, from 3-bromothiophene and ring formation reaction.
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11

Irgashev, Roman A., Nadezhda S. Demina, Polina E. Bayankina, Nikita A. Kazin, and Gennady L. Rusinov. "An Effective Route to Dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene-Based Hexaheteroacenes." Synlett 32, no. 10 (February 24, 2021): 1009–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1398-7237.

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AbstractA series of 12H-[1]benzo[4′′,5′′]thieno[2′′,3′′:4′,5′]thieno[2′,3′:4,5]thieno[3,2-b]indoles were efficiently prepared in three steps starting from available benzo[b]thieno[2,3-d]thiophen-3(2H)-ones. These fused ketones were treated with the Vilsmeier reagent and hydroxylamine hydrochloride to give the corresponding 3-chlorobenzo[b]thieno[2,3-d]thiophene-2-carbonitriles, which then reacted with methyl sulfanylacetate to form methyl 3-aminobenzo[4′,5′]thieno[2′,3′:4,5]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2-carboxylates, in accordance with the Fiesselmann thiophene synthesis protocol. Finally, the desired N,S-heterohexacenes were obtained by conversion of these fused 3-aminothiophene-2-carboxylates into the corresponding 3-aminothiophene intermediates, which acted as synthetic equivalents of thiophen-3(2H)-ones, followed by their acid-promoted reaction with arylhydrazines, in accordance with the Fischer indolization procedure.
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12

Jin, Rongwei, Charles Beromeo Bheeter, and Henri Doucet. "Hindered aryl bromides for regioselective palladium-catalysed direct arylation at less favourable C5-carbon of 3-substituted thiophenes." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 10 (May 27, 2014): 1239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.10.123.

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The use of the congested aryl bromide 2-bromo-1,3-dichlorobenzene as coupling partner allows to modify the regioselectivity of the arylation of 3-substituted thiophene derivatives in favour of carbon C5. The coupling of this aryl bromide with a variety of 3-substituted thiophenes gave in all cases the desired 5-arylation products in moderate to good yields using only 0.5 mol % of a phosphine-free and air-stable palladium catalyst. Then, from these 5-arylthiophenes, a second palladium-catalysed C–H bond functionalization at C2 of the thiophene ring allows the synthesis of 2,5-diarylthiophenes with two different aryl units.
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13

Wang, Lin, Yu Jiao Xie, Xing Xing Zhang, and Jian She Hu. "Synthesis and Phase Behavior of a New Thiophene Monomer as Nematic Liquid Crystal." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.185.

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The synthesis of a new liquid crystal thiophene monomer of (E)-4-(6-(3-(thiophen-3-yl)- acryloyloxy) hexyloxy) biphenyl-4’-ethylbenzoate (LC-M) is presented. The chemical structure of this monomer and intermediate compounds was characterized by FT-IR and1H-NMR. The phase behavior was investigated by polarizing optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. LC-M showed nematic threaded and schlieren textures on heating and cooling cycles.
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14

Furuyama, Taniyuki, Daiki Noguchi, Yuta Suzuki, and Nagao Kobayashi. "Synthesis and characterization of aza-bridged thiophene–pyrrole dyads and their isomers." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 92, no. 8 (August 2014): 765–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2014-0039.

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Aza-bridged thiophene-pyrrole dyads were synthesized and characterized. Thiophenes substituted with electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) were used as building blocks for the framework. However, an unprecedented cyclization occurred, and a thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative (4) was obtained in the reaction between 2,5-diamino-3,4-dicyanothiophene (1) and 3,5-diiminoisoindoline (3), whereas the reaction between 2,5-diamino-3,4-dicarboxylic acid ethyl ester (2) and 3 produced the desired dyad (5). The structures of 4 and 5 were unambiguously characterized by X-ray diffraction. Compound 5 is the first example of a core-modified azadipyrromethene, and the electronic interaction between the thiophene and pyrrole moieties was estimated with several spectroscopies. Several kinds of aryl groups can be attached at the terminal amino moiety of 4, and their unique absorption properties were also revealed.
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15

Wang, Qing Xiu, Li Jie Duan, Bo Yang Qu, Juan Wang, and Fu De Liu. "Synthesis and Optical/Electrochemical Properties of Conjugated Polymers with Diphenyl and Thiophene in Main Chain." Advanced Materials Research 1035 (October 2014): 497–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1035.497.

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Two thiophene derivatives 4,4'-di (thiophen-2-yl) biphenyl and 4,4'-di (thiophen-2-yl) -2-nitrobiphenyl ,which were used as monomers for preparing poly (4,4'-di (thiophen-2-yl) biphenyl) (DPBT) and poly (4,4'-di (thiophen-2-yl)-2-nitrobiphenyl) (DPNT) by ferric chloride oxidation polymerization, were synthesized via Suzuki reaction with 4,4'-dibromobiphenyl as the raw material. UV-vis absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra, photoluminescence spectra and electrochemical properties of the polymers were recorded and used for calculating the band-gap (Eg), HOMO orbital energy (EHOMO) and LUMO orbital energy (ELUMO) of the polymers. The calculation results indicated that attaching an electron-withdrawing group such as-NO2to the main chain can lower band-gap and increase the maximum absorption wavelength.
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16

Puciová, Monika, Peter Ertl, and Štefan Toma. "Synthesis of Ferrocenyl-Substituted Heterocycles: The Beneficial Effect of the Microwave Irradiation." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 59, no. 1 (1994): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19940175.

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The synthesis of ferrocenyl-substituted thiophenes, furans, pyrroles, pyrimidine and pyrazole has been studied. 2-Ferrocenylpyrroles were prepared from ferrocenyl ketoximes and acetylene in DMSO - KOH mixture whereas 3-chloro-3-ferrocenylacrylaldehydes and thioglycolic or glycolic acids were the starting materials for the synthesis of the thiophene and furan derivatives. The yields were significantly enhanced when the reactions were carried out in a microwave oven. The lower stability of 2-ferrocenylfuran in comparison with 2-ferrocenylthiophene is discussed on the basis of semiempirical quantum chemistry calculations.
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17

Batista, Rosa M. F., Susana P. G. Costa, Michael Belsley, and M. Manuela M. Raposo. "Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Donor-Acceptor Oligothiophenes as Efficient and Thermally Stable Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Chromophores." Materials Science Forum 636-637 (January 2010): 380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.636-637.380.

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New push-pull thiobarbituric (oligo)thiophene derivatives 1 were synthesized, in good to excellent yields (60-98%), through Knoevenagel condensation of the corresponding formyl-(oligo)thiophenes 2 with 1,3-diethylthiobarbituric acid in dichloromethane, under basic conditions. Evaluation of the thermal and solvatochromic properties of these compounds was carried out and their NLO response was estimated. The values obtained suggest that these (oligo)thiophenes have good potential to be used as novel NLO materials.
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18

Lahsasni, Siham, Dunya A. M. Al-Hemyari, Hazem A. Ghabbour, Yahia Nasser Mabkhoot, Fadilah S. Aleanizy, Asma A. Alothman, and Zainab M. Almarhoon. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of New Pyrimidine and Thiophene Derivatives." Journal of Chemistry 2018 (August 1, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8536063.

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Substituted[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one (3a–b) and pyrimidin-5(6H)-imine (3c–e) were synthesized via reaction of the starting compounds, ethyl 2-amino-substituted[b]thiophene-3-carboxylate (2a–c) and 2-amino-substituted [b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile (2d–f), respectively, with 2-bromothiazole. Synthesis of (bromo-substituted[b]thiophen-2-yl)alkanamide derivatives (4a–e) and thieno[2,3-d][1,3]oxazin-4-imine derivative (5) was accomplished via reaction of the starting compounds with bromoalkyl chloride through nucleophilic substitution; however, for the synthesis of compound 5, nucleophilic substitution was followed by nucleophilic addition to a nitrile group to form the oxazinimine ring. 1-(3-cyano-substituted[b]thiophen-2-yl)-3-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiourea derivatives (6a–c) were obtained via reaction of the starting compounds (2d–f) and 4-(trifluoromethyl phenyl)isothiocyanate. The lead compounds (2d–f) rapidly reacted with 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde or 4-(2-pyridyl)benzaldehyde in acidic medium to yield compounds (7a–f) in large quantities. X-ray crystallography of compounds 4c and 7e confirmed their structures. Antimicrobial studies revealed that compound 6a was equally potent to ampicillin against Bacillus strains. Moreover, compounds 3e, 4d, and 6a possessed greater anti-inflammatory potency than that of the standard drug.
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19

Lee, Sang Bok, and Jong-In Hong. "A facile and convenient synthesis of 2-(arylthio)thiophenes, 2-(alkylthio)thiophene, and 2-(thiophenylthio)thiophene." Tetrahedron Letters 36, no. 46 (November 1995): 8439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-4039(95)01816-z.

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20

Wang, Dai Fu, Hui Gao, Xiao Hong Tan, Wen Meng Li, Jing Wang, Ya Jie Wu, and Xin Jian Song. "Facile Synthesis and Crystal Structure of N-(3-Cyano-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide." Advanced Materials Research 887-888 (February 2014): 661–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.887-888.661.

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N-(3-Cyano-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide was synthesized by the acylation reaction of trifluoroacetic anhydride with 2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile, which was prepared via microwave-assisted Gewald reaction with K2CO3 as a heterogeneous solid base catalyst. This protocol presented such advantages as short reaction time, high yield, easy work-up and environmentally benign procedures. The structure of the title compound was confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, MS, elemental analysis and X-ray single-crystal diffraction method. X-Ray diffraction analysis reveals that the cyclohexene ring adopts a half-chair conformation and the thiophene ring is essentially planar.
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21

Gentle, T. M., C. T. Tsai, K. P. Walley, and A. J. Gellman. "Surface synthesis of thiophene." Catalysis Letters 2, no. 1 (1989): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00765326.

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22

Kabirifard, Hassan, Pardis Hafez Taghva, Hossein Teimouri, Niloofar Koosheshi, Parastoo Javadpour, Hanieh Bagherinejad, Soheila Seyfi, Maryam Hossein Roodbari, and Elaheh Golabian. "Synthesis of Organic Ligands via Reactions of 4-Benzoyl-5-phenylamino-2,3-dihydrothiophene-2,3-dione with N-Nucleophiles." Heteroatom Chemistry 2020 (July 8, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5945796.

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The reaction of 4-benzoyl-5-phenylamino-2,3-dihydrothiophene-2,3-dione (1) with aminoheteroaryls, lamotrigine, 1,3-diaminoheteroaryls, dapsone, NH2R (hydroxylamine, DL-1-phenylethylamine, and metformin), and 4,4′-bipyridine in THF/H2O (1 : 1) at room temperature led to 3-N-phenylthiocarbamoyl-2-butenamides 2–5, while that with naphthylamines and 1,3-phenylenediamine in ethanol at high temperature led to 5-phenylamino-2,5-dihydrothiophene-2-ones 6–8 as organic ligands in the medium to good yields. These showed the nucleophilic attacks of N-nucleophiles, except primary aromatic amines, on thioester carboxyl group (C-2) of thiophene-2,3-dione ring 1. However, the nucleophilic attacks of primary aromatic amines on the carbonyl group (C-3) of thiophene-2,3-dione 1 occurred in the form of substituted thiophenes.
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23

Xiao, Guo Yong, Xiao Li, Hai Jun Chi, Yun Hua Lu, Zhi Zhi Hu, and Jiang Long Yu. "Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Red-Emitting Iridium (Ⅲ) Complex Bearing Benzothiazole." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 1131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.1131.

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New red phosphorescent material, (E)-2-(2-(thiophen-2-yl) vinyl)benzothiazole(2THSBT) iridium(III) acetylacetone(acac) complex [(2THSBT)2Ir(acac)] is synthesized from 2-methyl benzothiazole, thiophene-2-carbaldehyde and iridium trichloride anhydrate. The complex is characterized by MS and 1H-NMR. (2THSBT)2Ir(acac) gives a photoluminescence at 687nm, phosphorescent quantum yield: Φ(2THSBT)2Ir(acac)=0.2 and EHOMO = -4.8 eV, ELUMO = -2.6eV, respectively. The complex may be a promising electrophosphorescent material.
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24

Gaber, Hatem M., Mark C. Bagley, Sherif M. Sherif, and Mohsen A. Sayed. "Novel Phenylazo Derivatives of Condensed and Uncondensed Thiophene. Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Studies." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 66, no. 6 (June 1, 2011): 585–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2011-0606.

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In the search for new therapeutic agents against microbial infections, two novel series of monocyclic and tricyclic 5-(phenylazo)thiophene systems were synthesized based on 3-amino-2-thioxopyrimidinone and 2-cyanoacetamidothiophene derivatives 4 and 6. Functionalization of the pyrimidine ring in precursor 4 resulted in the formation of the target tricyclic condensed thiophenes 7, 12, and 13a, b, by the application of a variety of addition, substitution, and condensation reactions. On the other hand, derivatization of the versatile cyanoacetylated compound 6 led to a second series of monocyclic N-substituted aminothiophenes 15, 17, 19, and 20, through convenient methods. The new thiophene-based derivatives were tested for their antimicrobial activity with reference to relevant standard drugs. They displayed different levels of antibacterial activity, with compound 7 showing essentially the highest antipseudomonal activity. As for antifungal action, the compounds under investigation, unfortunately, had no inhibitory effects against test fungi isolates except for 7 and 20, that revealed slight inhibition.
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25

Yilmaz, Fatih. "Synthesis and Characterisation of Some New Hybrid Molecules Containing Thiophene, Triazole and Coumarin Rings under Microwave Conditions." Journal of Chemical Research 42, no. 7 (July 2018): 361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/174751918x15314831778603.

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In this work, a new series of N‘-{[4-amino-5-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]acetyl}-2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carbohydrazides (thiophene–triazole–coumarin hybrid molecules) was synthesised from the reaction of 2-[4-amino-5-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]acetohydrazide and 3-(1H-benzotriazol-1-ylcarbonyl)-2H-chromen-2-ones by using microwave irradiation and conventional heating procedures and their results were compared. The reaction was performed using a very small amount of organic solvent and without using a catalyst.
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26

Joule, John A. "Thiophenes from Viktor Meyer to Poly(Thiophene) Some Reactions and Synthesis." Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements 188, no. 4 (April 1, 2013): 287–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426507.2012.736892.

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27

Cikotiene, I., R. Sazinas, R. Mazeikaite, and L. Labanauskas. "Synthesis of Fused Thiophene-Isoxazoles from 2-Alkynyl-3-Nitro-Thiophenes." Synfacts 2011, no. 02 (January 19, 2011): 0140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1259381.

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28

Uozumi, Yasuhiro, Anggi Eka Purta, Shun Ichii, and Aya Tazawa. "C−H Arylation of Thiophenes with Aryl Bromides by a Parts-per-Million Loading of a Palladium NNC-Pincer Complex." Synlett 31, no. 16 (July 24, 2020): 1634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1707213.

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A palladium NNC-pincer complex efficiently catalyzed the direct arylation of thiophene derivatives with extremely low palladium loadings of the order of parts per million. Thus, the reaction of various thiophenes with aryl bromides in the presence of 25–100 mol ppm of chlorido[(2-phenyl-κ-C 2)-9-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2-N,N′]palladium(II) NNC-pincer complex, K2CO3, and pivalic acid in N,N-dimethyl­acetamide afforded the corresponding 2- or 5-arylated thiophenes in good to excellent yields. A combination of the present C–H arylation and Hiyama coupling with the same NNC-pincer complex provides an efficient synthesis of unsymmetrical 2,5-thiophenes with catalyst loadings at mol ppm levels.
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29

Elgemeie, G. H., K. A. Ahmed, E. A. Ahmed, M. H. Helal, and D. M. Masoud. "Synthesis of novel tetrasubstituted thiophenes based dye using sodium a-cyanoketene dithiolates as starting materials." Pigment & Resin Technology 44, no. 6 (November 2, 2015): 339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-12-2014-0117.

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Purpose – The study aims to synthesise new thiophene-based dyes by an efficient method using sodium a-cyanoketene dithiolates as starting components for synthesis of tetra-substituted thiophenes, which act as a coupler for the synthesised dye. The synthesised dyes are applied for printing polyamide and polyester fabrics using the screen printing technique. Design/methodology/approach – Treatment of 1 with carbon disulfide in alkaline medium forming disodium salt 2, which act as starting point for heterocyclisation to prepare these dye stuff 7. Sodium a-cyanoketene dithiolates 2 react with two moles of phenacyl bromide derivatives, forming alkylsulfanylthiophenes which react with the diazonium salt, forming the target dyestuff. These prepared dyes are used to print polyamide and polyester fabrics by using a synthetic thickener in the printing paste using screen-printing techniques. Findings – The structure of synthesised dyes were established and confirmed for the reaction products on the basis of their elemental analysis and spectral data (IR and 1H-NMR). The suitability of the prepared dyestuffs for screen printing on polyamide and polyester fabrics has been investigated. The prints obtained from dyes possess high colour strength as well as excellent overall fastness properties. Research limitations/implications – The diazo coupling reaction of the starting tetra-substituted thiophene 5 with diazotised aromatic amines resulted in the formation of the corresponding dye. The synthesised dyes were utilised in preparing a paste for polyester and polyamide fabric printing. In addition, both of the variations of the substituents on the synthesised dyes and the fastness properties were also studied. Practical implications – The synthesised dyes are superior in terms of yield, purity, colour strength and fastness properties, which lead to valuable achievements for commercial production. Social implications – The synthesised dyes are superior for application in fabrics. Originality/value – The synthesis for novel thiophene-based dye stuff for application in printing properties on polyester and polyamide fabrics and study their fastness properties.
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LEE, S. B., and J. I. HONG. "ChemInform Abstract: A Facile and Convenient Synthesis of 2-(Arylthio)thiophenes, 2-( Alkylthio)thiophene, and 2-(Thiophenylthio)thiophene." ChemInform 27, no. 9 (August 12, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199609120.

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31

Ateş, Esin, Nilgün Kizilcan, and Merve İstif. "New comonomer synthesis from thiophene-2-carbonyl chloride and cyclohexanone formaldehyde resin." Pigment & Resin Technology 44, no. 2 (March 2, 2015): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-10-2013-0091.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to synthesise an electro-active monomer containing ketonic resins and then to investigate the redox reaction between Fe+3 and bound thiophene in comonomer. First, thiophene-functionalised ketonic resins were synthesised by esterification reaction of thiophene-2-carbonyl chloride (ThCCl) and hydroxyl groups of cyclohexanone formaldehyde resin (CFR). Thiophene-containing cyclohexanone formaldehyde resin (Th-CFR) was then polymerised by ferric salt. The structures of the specimens were characterised by means of Fourier transform infrared and Proton – Nuclear Magnetic Resonanse (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. Thermal properties of the samples were determined with differential scanning calorimeter. Molecular weights of the specimens were determined by gel permeation chromatography. The obtained samples were also characterised morphologically by scanning electron microscope. Design/methodology/approach – Synthesis of Th-CFR comonomers by a combination of condensation polymerization and chemical oxidation polymerisation processes is described. First, Th-CFR units were prepared by direct condensation reaction of thiophene-2-carbonyl chloride (ThCCl) and hydroxyl groups of CFR. Then, the chemical oxidation (CO) of Th-CFR in the presence of anhydrous iron (III) chloride salt (FeCl3) was performed in chloroform (CHCl3)/acetonitrile mixture solutions at room temperature. Findings – The important structural factor determined quantitatively for Th-CFR is the CFR/ThCCl ratio after reaction. The effect of the mole ratio effect of ThCCl and ketonic resin on the solubility, molecular weight, Tm and Tg values of the comonomers (Th-CFRs) were investigated. Research limitations/implications – The ferric ion (Fe+3) has a standard oxidation potential. Furthermore, FeCl3 can react with thiophene to produce a cation radical. FeCl3 cannot react with hydroxyl groups of ketonic resins. When ferric is used for in situ chemical oxidation application at relatively low temperatures (e.g. < 20°C), the oxidation reactions are usually less aggressive. Practical implications – This work provides technical information for the synthesis of conducting block copolymer and for the synthesis of chain-extended resins. The modified resins contain electro-active monomer as thiophene. The chemical oxidation system has been used to polymerise these thiophene groups and resins with much higher molecular weight might be produced. These resins may also promote the adhesive strength of a coating and corrosion inhibition to metal surfaces of a coating. Social implications – This will be used for the preparation of AB- and ABA-type block copolymers. These block copolymers may exhibit different properties due to incorporation of monomer into the block copolymer structure. Originality/value – Novel Th-CFR comonomers were synthesised. These comonomers have higher glass transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) value than CFR alone. The chemical oxidation system has been used to polymerise these thiophene-functionalised ketonic resins.
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32

Martinez, F., R. Voelkel, D. Naegele, and H. Naarmann. "Thiophene Oligomers: Synthesis and Characterization." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics 167, no. 1 (February 1989): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268948908037179.

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33

Elgemeie, Galal H., Wafaa A. Zaghary, Kamelia M. Amin, and Tamer M. Nasr. "First Synthesis of Thiophene Thioglycosides." Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry 28, no. 3 (April 1, 2009): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07328300902789209.

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34

Eller, Christina, Gerald Kehr, Constantin G. Daniliuc, Douglas W. Stephan, and Gerhard Erker. "Thiophene synthesis via 1,1-carboboration." Chemical Communications 51, no. 33 (2015): 7226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc01806d.

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Reaction of bis(tert-butylethynyl)sulfide with the boron Lewis acid reagents X–B(C6F5)2 (X = CH3, Cl, C6F5) in pentane at r.t. gave the respective borylated thiophenes in a sequence of 1,1-carboboration reactions.
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35

Li, Jing Tong, Ran Sheng Liu, Zeng Dian Zhao, and Ru Jun Yu. "Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Diphenylamine-Thiophene Compound for Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes." Advanced Materials Research 893 (February 2014): 747–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.893.747.

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Diphenylamine and thiophene compounds are promising materials for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). We report here, the synthesis and optical property of a novel small molecular weight derivative,N4.N4,N4'.N4'-tetrakis (4- (thiophen-2-yl) phenyl)-[1,1'-bipheny-4,4'-diamine (TPPA). The target molecule was synthesized using 4,4'-dibromobiphenyl as the starting material, and the proceeding reactions included bromination, Buchwald and Suzuki coupling reactions. According to the optical characterization of it, the absorption peak and excitation peak is at 351nm and 412 nm, respectively. The luminescence quantum yields (LQY) of TPPA is measured at 61.3%.
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36

Wei, Cui Liu, Xiao Ping Zou, Jin Cheng, Zhao Xian Yu, Gang Qiang Yang, Xue Ming Lü, Zhe Sun, Hong Ying Feng, and Yuan Yang. "Carbon Nanotubes Grown by Ethanol Catalytic Combustion with an Additive of Thiophene." Advanced Materials Research 123-125 (August 2010): 627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.627.

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Combustion method is a simple method to synthesize carbon nanotubes(CNTs), which employs flames of carbon-contained reactant to synthesize CNTs. It has been proved that combustion method is an effective method to synthesize carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers. In this paper, we reported the synthesis of CNTs by using ethanol catalytic combustion with an additive of thiophene, which employed ethanol as carbon source and fuel, nitrate as catalyst precursor, stainless steel as substrate, and thiophene as accelerant. Compared with previous reports on the synthesis of CNTs by ethanol catalytic combustion, great yield of CNTs were obtained with adding thiophene in ethanol. The reproducibility of the synthesis of CNTs in the case of adding thiophene in ethanol was greatly improved.
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37

Vrábel, Viktor, Július Sivý, Peter Šafář, and Štefan Marchalín. "Electronic structure, novel synthesis, and O—H...O and C—H...O interactions in two 6-oxopiperidine-2-carboxylic acid derivatives." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 70, no. 8 (July 31, 2014): 817–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229614016301.

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Molecules of (S)-6-oxo-1-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid, C11H13NO3S, crystallize as single enantiomers in the space groupP21and the thiophene ring is disordered over two positions, while (S)-6-oxo-1-(thiophen-3-ylmethyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid, C11H13NO3S, crystallizes as a single enantiomer in the space groupP212121. Their absolute configurations were confirmed by anomalous dispersion effects in diffraction measurements on the crystals. The molecules of each compound are linked by a combination of strong O—H...O hydrogen bonds and weak C—H...O interactions, resulting in two- and three-dimensional networks, respectively, in the crystal structures.
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38

Seyler, Helga, Stefan Haid, Tae-Hyuk Kwon, David J. Jones, Peter Bäuerle, Andrew B. Holmes, and Wallace W. H. Wong. "Continuous Flow Synthesis of Organic Electronic Materials – Case Studies in Methodology Translation and Scale-up." Australian Journal of Chemistry 66, no. 2 (2013): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch12406.

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The continuous flow synthesis of functional thiophene derivatives was examined. Methodology for the lithiation of thiophene building blocks was developed using a commercial bench-top flow reactor. In addition, the advantages of flow processing were demonstrated in the synthesis of a high performance organic dye in gram scale.
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39

Wardakhan, Wagnat Wahba, El-Sayed Nahed Nasser Eid, and Rafat Milad Mohareb. "Synthesis and anti-tumor evaluation of novel hydrazide and hydrazide-hydrazone derivatives." Acta Pharmaceutica 63, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acph-2013-0004.

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The reaction of cyclopentanone with cyanoacetylhydrazine gave 2-cyano-2-cyclopentylideneacetohydrazide (1). Treatment of compound 1 with elemental sulphur in the presence of triethylamine afforded 2-amino-5,6-dihydro- -4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carbohydrazide (2), which in-turn formed the corresponding intermediate diazonium salt. The latter was coupled with either ethyl cyanoacetate or ethyl acetoacetate to form 2-cyano-2-(3-(hydrazinecarbonyl)- 5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophen-2-yl)hydrazono) acetate (3) and ethyl 2-(2-(3-(hydrazinecarbonyl)-5,6-dihydro- 4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophen-2-yl)hydrazono)-3-oxobutanoate (4), respectively. On the other hand, the reaction of compound 1 with either benzaldehyde or acetophenone afforded N’-benzylidene-2-cyano-2-cyclopentylideneacetohydrazide (7) and 2-cyano-2-(2-cyclopentylidene)phenylacetohydrazide (10), respectively. Moreover, compound 1 was used to synthesize 2-cyano-2-cyclopentylidene- N'-(arylthiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)acetohydrazides (6a,b), 2-(2-benzylidenecyclopentylidene)-2-cyanoacetohydrazide (8), 2-amino-N'-benzylidene-5,6-dihydro-4H- -cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carbohydrazide (9), 2-cyano- -2-(2-(2-phenylhydrazono)cyclopentylidene)acetohydrazide (11), N'-(1-chloropropan-2-ylidene)-2-cyano-2-cyclopentylideneacetohydrazide (12), and 2-cyclopentylidene-3- -(3,5-disubstituted-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitriles (13a,b) through its reaction with the respective reagents. Antitumor evaluation of the newly synthesized compounds against the three human tumor cells lines, namely, breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), non-small cell lung cancer (NCI-H460) and CNS cancer (SF-268) showed that some of the described compounds exhibited higher inhibitory effects towards the three tumor cell lines than the reference compound doxorubicin.
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40

Protiva, Jiří, Jaroslav Pecka, Jiří Urban, and Jiří Zima. "Synthesis of 20-iodoeicosanoic and 20-[125I]-iodoeicosanoic acids." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 55, no. 6 (1990): 1546–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19901546.

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20-Iodoeicosanoic acid (X) was prepared in 9 steps, its carbon chain being constructed from thiophene and ethyl ester chlorides of dodecanedioic and butanedioic acids. Isotope exchange afforded 20-[125I]-iodoeicosanoic acid required for scintigraphic studies of the myocardium. Desulfuration of the thiophene precursor VIII was accompanied by formation of side products XI-XIX arising by cleavage of the thiophene C-C bonds. Desulfuration of the model compounds XX and XXI has shown that the formation of these products is general.
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41

Di Maria, Francesca, Mattia Zangoli, and Giovanna Barbarella. "Supramolecular Thiophene-Based Materials: A Few Examples of the Interplay between Synthesis, Optoelectronic Properties and Applications." Organic Materials 03, no. 02 (April 2021): 321–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1730934.

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Supramolecular nanostructured thiophene based materials with optoelectronic functions are of wide current interest and are playing a crucial role in different fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology. This short review gives a concise report of some particularly interesting examples from our own work concerning thiophene-based supramolecular architectures at multiple length scales, their function and application in devices. We start with some general considerations on the great chemical diversity of thiophene derivatives and their supramolecular architectures. Then we focus on how the supramolecular organization of specific thiophene derivatives may generate nanostructures that enable new functions and applications in devices. For each example, we report the synthesis of the corresponding thiophene derivatives.1. Introduction2. Supramolecular Organization may Impart New Functions to the System3. Supramolecular and Optoelectronic Properties of Oligothiophene-S,S-dioxides4. Colloidal Nanoparticles formed by Self-Assembly of Thiophene-Based Polymers5. Conclusions and Outlook
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42

Osadnik, Andreas, and Arne Lützen. "Synthesis of functionalized thiophene/phenyl co-oligomers by direct arylation of thiophenes." Arkivoc 2015, no. 2 (November 21, 2014): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/ark.5550190.p008.833.

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43

Bauer, Matthias, Maike Tünnermann, Pia Rehsies, and Ulrich Flörke. "A Straightforward Synthesis to Novel 1,10-Phenanthrolines with Fused Thiophene Structure." Synlett 29, no. 20 (October 24, 2018): 2638–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611022.

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We report here a straightforward synthesis for a series of new structures with fused 1,10-phenanthroline-thiophene connection. They are synthesized with a modified Hinsberg thiophene procedure, followed by successive modification to yield several 5,7-disubstituted thieno[3,4-f][1,10]phenanthrolines, most notable thiophene-substituted compounds that could be potentially of use for organic electronics ­applications. For some selected examples, crystal structures were ­obtained, showing a nearly coplanar arrangement around the fused connection, also beneficial for an effective electron transfer in organic electronics or solar cells.
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44

Casey, Abby, Yang Han, Mark F. Wyatt, Thomas D. Anthopoulos, and Martin Heeney. "Novel soluble thieno[3,2-b]thiophene fused porphyrazine." RSC Advances 5, no. 110 (2015): 90645–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra17859b.

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45

Medvedev, Jury J., Ilya V. Efimov, Yuri M. Shafran, Vitaliy V. Suslonov, Vasiliy A. Bakulev, and Valerij A. Nikolaev. "Rh(II)-mediated domino [4 + 1]-annulation of α-cyanothioacetamides using diazoesters: A new entry for the synthesis of multisubstituted thiophenes." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 13 (November 30, 2017): 2569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.13.253.

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A new approach towards the synthesis of multisubstituted thiophenes is elaborated based on Rh(II)-catalyzed domino reactions of acyclic diazoesters with α-cyanothioacetamides. It provides a way for the preparation of 5-amino-3-(alkoxycarbonylamino)thiophene-2-carboxylates, 2-(5-amino-2-methoxycarbonylthiophene-3-yl)aminomalonates and (2-cyano-5-aminothiophene-3-yl)carbamates with the preparative yields of up to 67%. It was also shown that α-cyanothioacetamides easily interact with dirhodium carboxylates to give rather stable 2:1 complexes, resulting in an evident decrease in the efficiency of the catalytic process at moderate temperatures (20–30 °C).
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46

Tovar, John, Reid Messersmith, and Maxime Siegler. "A Heptacyclic Heptacycle: A Doubly Naphtho[b]thiophene Fused Borepin." Synlett 29, no. 19 (June 12, 2018): 2499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1610163.

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The synthesis and characterization of a doubly naphtho[b]thiophene fused borepin is reported herein, and the properties are compared to smaller benzo[b]thiophene and thiophene fused borepins. The synthesis involved the preparation of a symmetrical disubstituted alkyne that was reduced to a Z-olefin. This was followed by borepin formation from the alkene directly by way of thieno dilithiation. The electronic properties are consistent with extended benzannulation of the smaller analogues, and the enhancement of the brickwork type stacking is apparent as planar aromatic wings are extended from the central borepin core.
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47

Nedolya, Nina, Boris Trofimov, Olga Tarasova, and Alexander Albanov. "Expeditious Scalable Catalyst-Free One-Pot Synthesis of 4-Alkoxy-5-amino-3-methylthiophene-2-carbonitriles via Sequential Reactions­ of Lithiated Alkoxyallenes with Isothiocyanates and 2-Bromoacetonitrile." Synthesis 50, no. 09 (January 29, 2018): 1891–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1591905.

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A synthetically simple and convenient approach to tetrasubstituted thiophenes with rare combination of the alkoxy, amino, and cyano groups has been developed. The assembly of polyfunctionalized thiophene ring is implemented in one preparative step by sequential addition of isothiocyanate and 2-bromoacetonitrile to the lithiated (with n-BuLi) alkoxyallene. The reaction proceeds through in situ formation and intramolecular cyclization of cyanomethyl 2-alkoxy-N-buta-2,3-dienimidothioate (1-aza-1,3,4-triene).
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48

Abomelha, Hanna. "Synthesis of novel dyes based on thiophene analogues with antibacterial activity for dyeing polyester fabrics." Pigment & Resin Technology 48, no. 4 (July 1, 2019): 337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-02-2018-0012.

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Purpose This study aims to the synthesis of some novel 4-arylazo-3-hydroxythiophene analogues containing sulphapyridine and sulphathiazole dyestuffs and studying their application in dyeing polyester fabrics and rendering their antibacterial efficacy. Design/methodology/approach Simultaneous dyeing and antibacterial finishing for polyester fabric using a new antibacterial disperse dye having a modified chemical structure to thiophene dyes were studied. Construction of the thiophene dyes was carried out by diazo-coupling of diazotized sulphonamide-containing heterocyclic rings sulphapyridine and sulphathiazole with ethyl α-phenylthiocarbamoyl-acetoacetate followed by cyclizing the produced 2-arylazo-thioacetanilide with various α-halogenated reagents. All newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis and extensive study of their spectral data (IR and 1H-NMR). The dyeing characteristics of these thiophene dyestuffs were evaluated at optimum conditions. Antibacterial activities of the obtained thiophene dyes were studied against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Findings The synthesized thiophene-containing sulphonamides dyes were applied on polyester fabric. The modified dyes exhibited a good fastness properties and antibacterial efficacy against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Synthesized dyes showed higher antibacterial potency than the reference standard drug. Research limitations/implications Synthesis of these disperse azo dyes for textile dyeing had never been reported previously. Practical implications The dyestuffs derived from thiophene are reasonable azo disperse dyestuffs giving good all-round fastness properties on polyester fabrics. Originality/value Thiophene dyes are used for dyeing polyester fabrics with brilliant colour and good fastness properties. The presence of sulphonamides moieties increase their fastness properties and elevate their antibacterial properties. Moreover, they can be used as antimicrobial finish due to their bactericidal properties on dyed textiles. This work afforded a new thiophene colorant that can be used in many different uses like polyester packing, thread Surgery, blends and other uses in medical textile.
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49

Xue, Li-Ping, Zhao-Hao Li, Lu-Fang Ma, and Li-Ya Wang. "Crystal engineering of cadmium coordination polymers decorated with nitro-functionalized thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylate and structurally related bis(imidazole) ligands with varying flexibility." CrystEngComm 17, no. 33 (2015): 6441–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ce01248a.

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Five bis(imidazole) ligand modulated cadmium coordination polymers based on a new nitro-functionalized thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylate ligand or 4-nitro-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid involving in situ ligand synthesis.
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50

Shono, Keisuke, Yugo Sumino, Shota Tanaka, Shunsuke Tamba, and Atsunori Mori. "Polythiophene synthesis via halogen dance." Org. Chem. Front. 1, no. 6 (2014): 678–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4qo00109e.

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