Journal articles: 'Third molars - Surgery - Complications'

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Adeyemo, Wasiu L., Mobolanle O. Ogunlewe, Akinola L. Ladeinde, Olufemi O. Hassan, and Olanrewaju A. Taiwo. "A Comparative Study of Surgical Morbidity Associated with Mandibular Third-Molar Surgery in Young and Aging Populations." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 11, no. 4 (2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-11-4-1.

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Abstract Aim Prophylactic surgical extraction of impacted third molars is a common practice throughout the world justified on the presumption that the risk of surgical morbidity increases with increasing age, among other reasons. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare surgical morbidity associated with third-molar extractions in young and aging populations. Methods and Materials A review of records for all patients who underwent the surgical extraction of impacted third molars between April 2001 and June 2006 at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital was carried out. Results A total of 506 patients had surgical extractions of impacted third molars under local anaesthesia during the period of the study. Of these, 470 (92.9 percent) patients were below the age of 40 years (Group A) and 36 (7.1 percent) patients were 40 years of age and older (Group B). No incidences of severe intraoperative complications (excessive bleeding or mandibular fractures) were recorded in either group, but other postoperative complications were reported in 70 (13.8 percent) patients. Of these 70 patients, 65 (92.9 percent) were from Group A and 5 (7.1 percent) were from Group B, and their complications included infected socket, dry socket, paraesthesia, and buccal space abscess. Conclusions No significant difference in postoperative complications following surgical removal of mandibular third molars was found between patients 40 years old and greater and those below age 40. Prophylactic surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars, based on the assumption that surgical morbidity increases with age, may not be justifiable. Clinical Significance Age does not predispose patients who had surgical extraction of mandibular third molars above 40 years of age to any additional surgical complications when compared to patients below the age of 40 years receiving comparable treatment. Citation Adeyemo WL, Ogunlewe MO, Ladeinde AL, Hassan OO, Taiwo OA. A Comparative Study of Surgical Morbidity Associated with Mandibular Third-Molar Surgery in Young and Aging Populations. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):001-008. Available from: http:// www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11-issue4- adeyemo

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Chhabra, Shruti, Naveen Chhabra, and Guneet Dhillon. "Inverted and Impacted Maxillary Third Molar: Removal by Lateral Transposition Method." International Journal of Experimental Dental Science 1, no. 1 (2012): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10029-1006.

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ABSTRACT Background Third molars are one of the most commonly impacted teeth in the oral cavity. But in very rare cases, the impacted molars can be inverted as well. In this case, the patient presented with an inverted and impacted left maxillary third molar. The aim of the operating surgeon was to execute the procedure in the least hazardous manner, to avoid any surgical complications. Methods The surgical extraction of the tooth by lateral transposition method was carried out rather than the classical method owing to the inverted position of the impacted tooth. The surgery was carried out under local anesthesia. An incision was made at the crest of the ridge with an anterior releasing incision. Bone overlying the impacted molar was removed following which the tooth was luxated and laterally transposed. The socket was thoroughly irrigated and closure was done by simple interrupted suture, using 3-0 mersilk. Results The impacted and inverted maxillary third molar was successfully removed by lateral transposition method without any complications. Conclusion The impacted and inverted maxillary third molars are not commonly encountered in dental practice. Subsequently, their removal can be a challenging job on the part of an oral surgeon. The surgeon should preoperatively weigh carefully the associated risk factors and explain them thoroughly to the patient. How to cite this article Chhabra S, Chhabra N, Dhillon G. Inverted and Impacted Maxillary Third Molar: Removal by Lateral Transposition Method. Int J Exper Dent Sci 2012;1(1):26-29.

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Krekmanov, Leonard, and Åke Nordenram. "Postoperative complications after surgical removal of mandibular third molars." International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 15, no. 1 (February 1986): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-9785(86)80007-2.

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Romeo, Umberto, Alexandros Galanakis, Francesco Lerario, Gabriele Maria Daniele, Gianluca Tenore, and Gaspare Palaia. "Subcutaneous emphysema during third molar surgery: a case report." Brazilian Dental Journal 22, no. 1 (2011): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402011000100015.

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Extraction of third molars is the most common surgical procedure performed in oral surgery on a daily basis and, despite surgical skills and expertise, complications may occur. Complications observed during or after third molar removal may include pain, swelling, bleeding, infection, sinus perforation and nerve damage. Fortunately, with a proper management and a good surgical technique, the incidence of such events is low. Subcutaneous emphysema associated with dental extraction occurs when the air from the high-speed dental handpiece is forced into the soft tissue through the reflected flap and invades the adjacent tissues, leading to swelling, crepitus on palpation and occasionally spreading through the tissue spaces of the fascial planes. Although rare, iatrogenic subcutaneous emphysema can have serious and potentially life-threatening consequences. Care should be taken when using air-driven handpieces. The access of air into the facial tissues is not limited to tooth extractions, but may also occur through other portals of entrance, such as endodontically treated teeth, periodontium and lacerations of intraoral soft tissues. When subcutaneous emphysema occurs, it must be quickly diagnosed and properly managed to reduce the risk of further complications. This report presents a case of subcutaneous emphysema occurred during extraction of a mandibular third molar extraction with the use of an air turbine handpiece. Case management is described and issues relative to the diagnosis and prevention of this surgical complication are discussed.

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Bouloux, Gary F., Martin B. Steed, and Vincent J. Perciaccante. "Complications of Third Molar Surgery." Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America 19, no. 1 (February 2007): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coms.2006.11.013.

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Özer, Nedim, Fulya Üçem, Alp Saruhanoğlu, Serdar Yilmaz, and Hakkı Tanyeri. "Removal of a Maxillary Third Molar Displaced into Pterygopalatine Fossa via Intraoral Approach." Case Reports in Dentistry 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/392148.

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The removal of impacted maxillary third molars is one of the most common procedures performed in oral and maxillofacial surgery units with low rates of complications and morbidity. A few cases of accidental displacement of third molars into adjacent anatomical spaces, such as the infratemporal fossa, the pterygomandibular space, the maxillary sinus, buccal space, or the lateral pharyngeal space, during surgical interventions have been reported. In this paper, a case of a maxillary third molar accidentally displaced into the pterygopalatine fossa is presented, and the removal of the tooth via intraoral approach is described.

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Dogioiu, Florian-C., Rodica Luca, Marinela Tonea, Consuela E. Ghiuţă, Mihaela Tănase, and Dragoş Epistatu. "Preoperative imaging assessment for third molars." Romanian Journal of Stomatology 61, no. 1 (March 31, 2015): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjs.2015.1.15.

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Objectives. The comparative evaluation of the role and information contribution brought by panoramic radiography (X-ray) and CT to the preoperative assessment of third molars, found in different stages of eruption. This assessment is useful both for certifying the diagnosis and for establishing the proper surgical strategy adapted to specific clinical cases, in order to avoid undesirable surgical incidents and postoperative complications. Patients and method. This is a retrospective study in which 23 patients were enrolled, on whom 79 third molars were identified. All these molars had, for various (historical and clinical) reasons, removal indications. Sex distribution of the patients was: 6 (26%) men and 17 (74%) women. After a detailed clinical examination, a digital panoramic radiography was performed on all patients, which provided additional useful information. This imaging investigation allowed a sorting out of the cases in which an additional preoperative imaging investigation, such as CT, was required. CT information was compared with that obtained from panoramic radiography (X-ray) and surgery intervention data. Results. In this study imaging investigation was performed on 79 third molars: 41 (51.9%) on upper third molars and 38 (48.1%) on lower molars. As concerning the stage of impaction, 22 (27.84%) were impacted and the same percent was found for those partially impacted. In 22.5 (28.48%) cases root dilacerations were identified. Special attention has been granted to the anatomical relationship of third molar roots with nearby structures: maxillary sinuses and the mandibular canal. So, from the upper third molars, 13 (31.7%) were in the sinus and so were those which were in close relationship with the sinus. Conclusion. Panoramic radiography (X-ray) provides orientative and often insufficient information about root morphology and anatomical relationships of third molars. In the clinical cases which required a comprehensive imaging assessment, CT data were crucial for adapting surgical procedures to specific clinical situations, minimizing surgical incidents and postoperative complications. Discerning recourse to 3D imaging ensures net benefits for patients as well as for dental practitioners.

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Shoohanizad, Ehsan, and Milad Parvin. "Comparison of the Effects of Dexamethasone Administration on Postoperative Sequelae Before and After “Third Molar" Extraction Surgeries." Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 20, no. 3 (March 24, 2020): 356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530319666190722120405.

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Introduction: Impacted third molars (ITMs) surgery, is one of the most common methods in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgical operations. Administration of corticosteroid such as dexamethasone diminishes the postoperative sequelae. The study aimed to compare the impact of dexamethasone administration on pre-operative and post-operative complications in third molar surgery. Methods: We collected all randomized controlled trial data on the influences of pre-operative and postoperative dexamethasone administration between 2006-2019 on third molar surgery sequelae by searching the keywords: dexamethasone, third molar surgery, wisdom teeth, corticosteroids, oral surgery, maxillofacial surgery, preoperative, postoperative, pain, swelling, and trismus in international databases such as: Web of Science (ISI), PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Library. Results: Twenty-three articles were included in this narrative review. Among them, 22 studies used dexamethasone in particular and 1 study used dexamethasone with amoxicillin. Twenty studies evaluated the prescription of dexamethasone in pre-operative and post-operative routes on pain, trismus and edema following third molars operation. Five studies administered dexamethasone postoperatively and 15 studies administered the drug preoperatively. Two studies evaluated the preoperative and postoperative administration method. Fourteen studies used a 4 mg dexamethasone dose and drug administration was variable. The treatment period in postoperative studies varied between 1 to 7 days. Conclusion: Dexamethasone appears to be a promising agent in in reduction of post-operative complications following third molar surgery. As a potent anti-inflammatory agent, it has an effective role in pain, trismus and edema reduction distinguished from the routes of administration, dosage and timing, pre or postoperative prescription.

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Sagtani, Alok, Reshu Agrawal Sagtani, Mehul Jaisani, and Leeza Pradhan. "Coronectomy - A viable alternative to prevent inferior alveolar nerve injury." Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal 11, no. 3 (December 28, 2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v11i3.14055.

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Background and Objectives: Coronectomy is a relatively new method to prevent the risk of Inferior Alveolar Nerve (IAN) injury during removal of lower third molars with limited scientific literature among Nepalese patients. Thus, a study was designed to evaluate coronectomy regarding its use, outcomes and complications.Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted from December 2012 to December 2013 among patients attending Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dental Sciences, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal for removal of mandibular third molars. After reviewing the radiograph for proximity of third molar to the IAN, coronectomy was advised. A written informed consent was obtained from the patients and coronectomy was performed. Patients were recalled after one week. The outcome measures in the follow-up visit were primary healing, pain, infection, dry socket, root exposure and IAN injury. The prevalence of IAN proximity of lower third molars and incidence of complications were calculated.Results: A total 300 mandibular third molars were extracted in 278 patients during the study period. Out of 300 impacted mandibular third molar, 41 (13.7%) showed close proximity to inferior alveolar nerve . The incidence of complications and failed procedure was 7.4% among the patients who underwent coronectomy. During the follow up visit, persistent pain and root exposure was reported while other complications like inferior alveolar nerve injury, dry socket and infection was not experienced by the study patients.Conclusion: With a success rate of 92.6% among the 41 patients, coronectomy is a viable alternative to conventional total extraction for mandibular third molars who have a higher risk for damage to the inferior alveolar nerve.JCMS Nepal. 2015;11(3):1-5.

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Kim, Yeon Jung, Ana Maria Barg da Silva, Mirko Dennys Ayala Perez, Heloisa F. Marão, and Debora Pallos. "Removal of dental surgical bur from maxillary sinus: a case report." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 17 (October 30, 2018): e18224. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v17i0.8653838.

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The most commonly performed surgical procedure in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery practices are the removal of impacted third molars. Extensive training, skill and experience allow this procedure to be performed in an atraumatic approach. The aim of this study was to drawing attention to the importance of the correct management of the complications cases of foreign body inside maxillary sinus after surgical removal of maxillary third molars. This is an unusual clinical case of a dental surgical bur accidentally displacement into the maxillary sinus during an upper third molar extraction surgery. After removal, the clinical case showed a satisfactory repair emphasizing the importance of a meticulous clinical examination to achieve a correct diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan, which is essential for a favorable prognosis.

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Zubova, A. V., O. L. Pikhur, A. V. Obodovskiy, A. A. Malyutina, L. M. Dmitrenko, K. S. Chugunova, D. V. Pozdnyakov, and V. B. Bessonov. "A Case of Surgical Extraction of the Lower Third Molars in a Cranial Series from the Pucará de Tilcara Fortress (Jujuy Province, Argentina)." Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia 48, no. 2 (June 26, 2020): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17746/1563-0110.2020.48.2.149-156.

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This study analyzes the earliest known case of surgical extraction of the lower third molars, observed in a cranial series from Pucará de Tilcara fortress (15th–16th centuries AD), northwestern Argentina, excavated in 1908–1910. Crania were transported to the Kunstkamera in 1910 under an exchange project. Traces of dental surgery were registered in the mandible of a male aged ~40. Both third molars had been extracted after the removal of soft tissues and parts of the alveoli. Teeth were extracted by scraping alveolar walls with semicircular movements. The results of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray ﬂuorescence, and X-ray microanalysis suggest that a stone tool was used. The results of macroscopic and CT analysis suggest that the surgery was motivated by the exacerbation of chronic periodontal disease and probably by caries. The left third molar was extracted without complications 2–3 months before the individual’s death. On the right side, the pathological process continued, culminating in osteomyelitis and its complications. The surgeon’s skill notwithstanding, the extraction of the right third molar did not cure the patient, who died, apparently following the destructive stage of acute osteomyelitis complicated by orofacial phlegmon. Our ﬁndings suggest that the level of dental surgery practiced in the Inca Empire was ahead of the diagnostic expertise.

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&NA;. "Complications After Mandibular Third Molar Surgery." Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 26, no. 3 (May 2015): 971–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000001487.

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Susarla, Srinivas M., Bart F. Blaeser, and Daniel Magalnick. "Third molar surgery and associated complications." Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America 15, no. 2 (May 2003): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1042-3699(02)00102-4.

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MILETO, Tiago Nascimento, and Fabiano Goulart AZAMBUJA. "Low-intensity laser efficacy in postoperative extraction of third molars." RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia 65, no. 1 (March 2017): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-863720170001000023084.

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ABSTRACT The search for means that enable a better quality of life for postoperative patients should be incessant. The surgical extraction of third molars can result in potential complications such as pain, swelling and trismus, along with discomfort in the recovery phase. Therefore, this narrative review was to analyze, from systematic reviews and randomized clinical trials, the use of low level laser therapy as influencer the clinical state after third molar surgery. Scientific articles were searched through PubMed and Science Direct database. In spite of the evaluated studies have cited the effectiveness of laser therapy such as tissue repair, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, variety of analysis models and diversity of dosimetry leaves a gap on their true efficacy. Based on the research conducted, we suggest the adjuvant use of diode laser GaAlAs with 810 nm (λ), 100 mW constant power and 4 J/cm2 of energy, intra and extra oral form at least three sections to minimize possible occurrences of third molar surgery.

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Tanaskovic, Nenad, and Miroslav Lucic. "The use of piezosurgery for mandibular third molar extraction." Serbian Dental Journal 61, no. 4 (2014): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs1404203t.

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Introduction. Extraction of impacted mandibular third molars is often accompanied by intraoperative and postoperative complications such as damage of the inferior alveolar nerve, prolonged difficulty in mouth opening, alveolitis, pain and swelling in the region of surgery. The aim of this study was to compare two surgical techniques (standard and piezo) in the extraction of mandibular third molars and to assess their postoperative complications. Material and Methods. Study included 16 patients (8 male and 8 female) age 17 to 32 years treated in the period from 2012 to 2014. All patients had both mandibular molars impacted. One third molar was extracted using classical technique while the other one using a piezo device. Preoperative preparation was the same for all patients and included radiological analysis and verification of teeth by ortopan tomography (OPG) and CT. Patients were assessed one, seven and 14 days after the procedure. Results. After the extraction, all patients were followed for postoperative symptoms: pain, swelling and paresthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve. The results confirmed advantages of piezosurgery in the removal of impacted mandibular third molars. Average duration of the intervention was 18 minutes with standard technique while the duration with piezo technique was 23 minutes. According to the visual-analog scale (VAS) the average pain in the standard group was 9 whereas in the piezo group it was 6. Postoperative swelling was 10 mm (pronounced) the first day after the procedure in the standard group while in the piezo group it was 6 mm (moderate). Conclusion. The use of piezo technology for the extraction of impacted wisdom teeth is reliable method which reduces the risk of the most common postoperative complications following mandibular wisdom teeth removal.

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Inverso, Gino, Cory M. Resnick, Martin L. Gonzalez, and Sung-Kiang Chuang. "Anesthesia Complications of Diazepam Use for Adolescents Receiving Extraction of Third Molars." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 74, no. 6 (June 2016): 1140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2016.01.055.

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Kunkel, Martin, Thomas Morbach, Wilfried Kleis, and Wilfried Wagner. "Third molar complications requiring hospitalization." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology 102, no. 3 (September 2006): 300–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.09.010.

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Berge, Trond Inge. "Complications requiring hospitalization after third-molar surgery." Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 54, no. 1 (January 1996): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016359609003505.

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Simon, Sowmya. "Service evaluation: rates of post-operative complications following extraction of lower third molars." British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 57, no. 10 (December 2019): e30-e31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.10.083.

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Goel, Manu, Milind Shringarpure, Vasant Shewale, Chandrashekhar Bande, Ajit Joshi, Supriya Dombre, Tejasvini Dehankar, and Esha Goel. "Assessment of intraoperative risk factors for surgical difficulty in surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molar – A prospective study." International Journal of Medical and Surgical Sciences 6, no. 2 (October 14, 2019): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32457/ijmss.2019.014.

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The extraction of impacted third molars is among the most common surgical procedures carried out in the field of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. For proper planning of surgical extraction, especially for impacted mandibular third molars the estimated level of surgical difficulty of the case is important. This study was conducted to evaluate the intraoperative risk factors contributing to surgical difficulty in extraction of impacted mandibular third molars and consequently the post-operative outcome. Here, we have undertaken a study in which the intraoperative variables were considered, to evaluate their contribution for surgical difficulty and postoperative complications in surgical removal of 100 impacted mandibular third molars. Three variables were found significant associated with total surgical time intervention, i.e., surgeon’s experience (p=0.006), Inter-incisal opening (p=0.032), and cheek flexibility (p=0.004). Total surgical time intervention for ‘right side’ was higher with 49.20 ± 17.94 minutes (p=0.691). Total surgical time intervention for ‘gagging reflex present’ was 50.21 ± 17.812 (p=0.674). Multiple linear regression shows that surgeon’s experience was the only predictor (p<0.001). The surgical difficulty of impacted mandibular third molar are likely to depend on the intraoperative factors like Surgeon’s time, surgeon’s experience, check flexibility, and inter incisal mouth opening.

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Prerana, G., Deepa Tantry, Kumar Sougata, and Sree Chandana Shreya Sivalanka. "Incidence of complications after the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars: A single center retrospective study." Journal of Academy of Dental Education 7 (August 5, 2021): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/jade_1_2021.

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Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the incidence of complications associated with the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars in a single center. Material and Methods: A single center retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at NSVK Sri Venkateshwara Dental College and Hospital located in Bannerughatta, Bengaluru. The study included patients between the ages of 15–60 years who had undergone surgical extraction of one or more mandibular third molar and had a difficulty score between 3 and 6 (Pederson’s difficulty index). During the course of study variables such as age, gender, impacted side, difficulty index, medical, and habit history along with complications and medications were recorded and accessed from the patient’s case history reports. In due course of the study, these variables were analyzed and correlated using descriptive analysis, Chi-square test, Contingency test, and regression analysis to understand whether or not these variables play an important role in aggravating post-extraction complications for mandibular third molars. Results: The study sample was composed of 250 patients with 52% female and 48% male with a mean age of 34 years. The complication rate observed was 7.6%, there was a statistically significant co-relation seen between gender (P = 0.016), age groups (p<0.05), spatial relationship (P = 0.019), and medical history (P = 0.016) when compared to the complications observed. The most common complications observed were trismus/muscle spasm followed by dry socket. However, the cases of neurosensory complications were extremely rare. Conclusion: There was a significant association to be found between the complication-rate and gender. Conditions such as muscle spasms/trismus and dry socket had a significant predilection toward the males while complications associated with neurosensory changes were commonly seen in females. There was also a significant association between habit history and rate of complication especially in conditions such as dry-socket where all the observed cases had positive history of tobacco/pan chewing habit. Interestingly all the males who complained of dry socket also had reported medical history of type (2) diabetes. Patients with complications such as neurosensory changes were few and could have been prevented with good surgical skills and precision; moreover, even if they were found they were temporary and treated with regular follow-ups.

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Adetayo, Adekunle Moses, Modupe Olusola Adetayo, Mayowa Solomon Somoye, and Michael O. Adeyemi. "Comparison of operative ‘difficulty’ with post-operative sequelae in lower third molar surgery." Annals of Health Research 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0501-8-38.

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Background: The outcome of studies on the effect of patients’ factors, dental factors and operative factors on postoperative sequelae following surgical extraction of lower third molar have been unequivocal. Objective: To determine the effect of surgical difficulty (using Pederson’s scale), Body Mass Index (BMI) and operative time on the extent of post-operative pain, swelling and trismus following third molar surgery. Methods: The study was a prospective analytical study of the effect of surgical difficulty, BMI, age and operative time – Total Intervention Time (TIT) - on the extent of post-operative pain, swelling and trismus. Eighty-four subjects with surgical extraction of impacted lower third molar were studied. All the subjects had a standard Peri-apical radiograph through which the difficulty index was calculated for all third molars using the Pederson scale. Anthropometric vertical and horizontal facial measurements and pain measurement were taken pre-operatively and post-operatively on days 1, 3, 5 and 7. Results: Of the 84 subjects, 16 (19%) were males, while 68 (81%) were females in the ratio of 1:4.2. BMI showed a positive correlation with all the three variables and was significant for swelling on the post-operative days assessed while TIT showed a negative correlation with most of the variables and was significant for trismus. Conclusion: This study showed that age and operative time might have an inverse relationship with the common post-operative complications after lower third molar surgery and BMI might influence the extent of these complications.

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Trybek, Grzegorz, Magda Aniko-Włodarczyk, Olga Preuss, and Aleksandra Jaroń. "Assessment of Electrosensitivity of the Pulp of the Mandibular Second Molar after Surgical Removal of an Impacted Mandibular Third Molar." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 16 (August 16, 2021): 3614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10163614.

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Despite the frequent discussion of complications associated with surgical removal of wisdom teeth in the scientific literature, increased mobility of the second molar, which can affect the clinical status of the pulp, is often downplayed or overlooked. This study aimed to evaluate surgical removal of an impacted third molar on the change in the electrosensitivity of the pulp of the mandibular second molar. Sixty patients consecutively presenting to the Department of Oral Surgery to remove an impacted mandibular third molar were included in the study. Clinical examinations of pulp sensitivity of second molars in both the study and control groups were evaluated before the procedure, seven days after the procedure, and eight weeks after the procedure. The surgical removal of an impacted mandibular third molar significantly affected the pulp sensitivity of the second molar.

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Subedi, Sushil, Ujjwal Koirala, and Bijayata Shrestha. "Indications for removal of impacted mandibular third molars and associated pathologies." Journal of Gandaki Medical College-Nepal 13, no. 2 (December 25, 2020): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jgmcn.v13i2.31947.

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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess the various indications of impacted mandibular third molar removal and pathologies associated with it. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Oral Surgery, Gandaki Medical College. The clinical case records from September 2016 to August 2019 were retrieved, reviewed, and analyzed. Surgically removed impacted mandibular third molars for which orthopantomogram were available and the lesions verified histologically were included in the study. Orthopantomograms were studied to determine the angular position of the impacted mandibular third molars and associated pathology. The data was entered in SPSS 20 and descriptive statistics was applied. Results: A total of 1344 impacted mandibular third molars (Male-709, 52.8%; Female - 635, 47.2%) were surgically extracted during the three-year period. The majority of patients (36.5%) were in the age groups of 25 - 34 years with a higher incidence of mesioangular impaction (33%). Recurrent pericoronitis (62.9%) was the most common indication followed by caries (11.7%). The radiographically detectable lesion was seen in 471 (35%) cases out of which 304 (64.5%) were symptomatic at the time of extraction. Among137 histopathologically diagnosed cases, chronic inflammatory lesion (76, 55.9%) was the most common finding. Conclusion: Awareness of the indications for removal of impacted mandibular third molars helps in proper management and prevention of future complications associated with retention and delayed extraction of such teeth. So, regular and periodic clinical and radiographic examination is required for patients with impacted mandibular third molars.

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Oikarinen, Kyösti, and Anita Räsänen. "Complications of Third Molar Surgery among University Students." Journal of American College Health 39, no. 6 (May 1991): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07448481.1991.9936246.

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Cowpe, J. G. "Oral contraceptive and complications in third molar surgery." British Dental Journal 194, no. 8 (April 2003): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4810029.

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Marciani, Robert D. "Complications of Third Molar Surgery and Their Management." Atlas of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics 20, no. 2 (September 2012): 233–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cxom.2012.06.003.

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Badrian, Hamid, Abbas Haghighat, Behnam Khorrami, Navid Khalighinajad, and Majid Rajaei. "Effect of 1% Metronidazole Rinsing Solution on the Occurrence of Complications after Tooth Extraction: A Clinical Trial Study." World Journal of Dentistry 3, no. 3 (2012): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1162.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Extraction of impacted third molar is a very common operation performed by dentists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons. This surgery is usually done without complications occurring; however, some complications arise from time to time. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 1% metronidazole rinsing solution on the occurrence of complications after extraction of impacted third molars. Materials and methods In this clinical trial study 120 males and females aged 20 to 35 took part, randomly divided into two groups, each including 60 participants. In the case group, mandibular third molar socket was rinsed with 1% metronidazole rinsing solution in duration of the surgery extraction, while normal saline was used for the control group. Afterwards, four common complications—dry socket syndrome, swelling, pain and trismus - were evaluated at 24 hours, 3, 7 and 14 days following the operation. Data were analyzed with Mann-Whitney and t-test using SPSS software version 16. Results Except for pain 24 hours after the operation, none of the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05). Discussion The results of this study show that using 1% metronidazole rinsing solution is not helpful in decreasing the occurrence of complications after extraction of an impacted third molar. It is therefore not recommended to use this solution until advantages are proved to prevent bacterial tolerance. How to cite this article Haghighat A, Khorrami B, Badrian H, Khalighinajad N, Rajaei M. Effect of 1% Metronidazole Rinsing Solution on the Occurrence of Complications after Tooth Extraction: A Clinical Trial Study. World J Dent 2012;3(3): 234-238.

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Santos, José Wittor de Macêdo, Emily Ricelly da Silva Oliveira, Humberto Pereira Chaves Neto, Fernanda Soares Ramos, Braz da Fonseca Neto, Edynelson da Silva Gomes, and Adriano Rocha Germano. "Modified Caldwell-Luc Technique to retrieval of tooth fragment displaced into the maxillary sinus: A case report." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 2 (February 14, 2021): e26210212353. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i2.12353.

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During the surgical removal of maxillary molars, tooth or fragment displacement into the maxillary sinus may occur. The presence of foreign bodies inside these cavities leads to complications such as mucoceles, cellulitis, oroantral fistulae and maxillary sinusitis, to prevent the arise and worsening of complications, these events must be addressed in an early stage. This article aims to report the removal of a tooth root from the maxillary sinus, through the modified Caldwell-Luc (CLM) approach and describe the current indications for the Caldwell Luc technique. It reports an upper third molar surgery in which a patient had the distal root of the left superior third molar displaced into the maxillary sinus, later showing signs of sinus opacification and loss of patency of the maxillary ostium obstructed by the root. After antibiotic treatment, the root was recovered through the CLM technique by local anesthesia, without complications. Foreign bodies in the maxillary sinuses must be urgently addressed, avoiding the development of infectious conditions, the CLM approach is the choice approach to manage these complications by a simple and safe way.

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Goel, Manu R., Milind D. Shringarpure, Vasant V. Shewale, Tejasvini Dehankar, and Ajit Joshi. "Evaluation of demographic and radiological risk factors for assessment of difficulty in surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar – A prospective study." International Journal of Medical and Surgical Sciences 6, no. 1 (September 6, 2019): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32457/ijmss.2019.005.

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The extraction of impacted third molars is among the most common surgical procedures carried out in the field of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Both the patient and dentist must therefore have scientific evidence-based information concerning the estimated level of surgical difficulty of every case to consider in referring cases of impacted third molars for specialists’ handling. We have undertaken a study in which demographic and radiological variables were considered together to evaluate the risk factors for surgical difficulty in a cohort of 100 impacted mandibular third molars. There were 13 variables evaluated for surgical difficulty. Total surgical time intervention was noted at the end of each surgery. Each variable was analysed with total surgical time intervention with univariate and multiple linear regression. Out of 13 variables, 9 were found statistically significant. The most significant predictors for surgical difficulty were Body Mass Index, Depth of impacted tooth and Retromolar space. No postoperative complications were reported.

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Hille, Grzegorz, and Małgorzata Zaleska. "Proposals to limit possible complications in surgery of impacted lower third molars – review of literature." Journal of Stomatology (Czasopismo Stomatologiczne) 67, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/00114553.1083343.

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Varvara, G., S. Bernardi, M. Piattelli, and T. Cutilli. "Rare and life-threatening complication after an attempted lower third molar extraction: Lemierre syndrome." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 101, no. 2 (February 2019): e52-e54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2018.0190.

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Lemierre’s syndrome is also known as the forgotten disease, and is a rare but life-threatening complication that can arise after surgical extractions of infected mandibular third molars. Owing to its rarity, oral and maxillofacial surgeons might not immediately recognise or can underestimate the pathological signs, and consequently do not apply the appropriate therapy to treat the syndrome. Here, we report on the occurrence and management of a case of Lemierre’s syndrome, where the complications affected the right sigmoid sinus. Since the condition appear to be underreported and not properly highlighted, eventual systematic review and meta-analysis of the occurrence of the Lemierre’s syndrome are highly recommended.

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Goswami, Amit Lal, and Manik Saha. "Prevalence of Distal Caries of Second Molars Due to Impacted Mandibular Third Molars." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 7, no. 51 (December 21, 2020): 3117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2020/635.

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BACKGROUND Most commonly occurring impacted teeth encountered in dental surgery are mandibular 3rd molars. Reasons of impactions may be due to evolution and modern dietary habits, lack of space, decreased skeletal growth, and disproportionate crown size. Impacted tooth may cause various complications, if left untreated distal caries is commonly seen in mandibular 2nd molars. The aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence of distal caries of mandibular 2nd molars due to impacted mandibular 3rd molars. Symptoms like distal caries of 2rd molars is one of the major factors affecting the oral health next to periodontal disease and periodontal abscess. METHODS The study included 103 patients, reported to the dental department of Tripura Medical College and BRAM &Teaching Hospital, Agartala. The study was done from July 2019 – December 2019, age ranged from 18 to 50 years. Panoramic radiographic examinations were carried out in each patient. Angulations of impaction and incidence of caries of the adjacent mandibular 2nd molars were recorded. All data were collected and analysed using percentage analysis. RESULTS 103 patients panoramic radiographs were studied, out of 103, 63 (61 %) were male, 40 (39 %) were female. 31 patients (30.1 %) out of 103 patients were found to have distal caries of mandibular 2nd molars adjacent to mandibular 3nd molars. 85 % of caries was associated with mesioangular impaction. CONCLUSIONS Careful monitoring to detect the caries lesions in early stage is necessary, as the distal caries on the mandibular 2nd molars was found to be high. Subsequently proper measures should be taken for restoration of mandibular 2nd molars and removal of impacted mandibular 3rd molars, if necessary. KEYWORDS Distal Surface Caries, Mandibular 2nd Molars, Impacted Mandibular 3rd Molars, Angulation

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Kale, Tejraj Pundalik. "A Comparative Study between the Effect of Combined Local Anesthetic and Low-dose Ketamine with Local Anesthetic on Postoperative Complications after Impacted Third Molar Surgery." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 12 (2015): 957–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1788.

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ABSTRACT Background Postoperative pain, swelling and trismus are the most common outcome after third molar surgery. Many methods have been tried to improve postoperative comfort after surgery. Ketamine is a phencyclidine derivative that induces a state of dissociative anesthesia. It is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist and has a distinct suppression effect on central nervous system (CNS) sensitization. Ketamine in a subanesthetic dose is set to produce analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. Materials and methods Sixty patients, between the age group of 18 and 38 years, undergoing the extraction of impacted mandibular third molar, reporting to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery were included in the study. Patients were divided randomly into two groups: local anesthetic alone (LAA) and local anesthetic and ketamine (LAK). Statistical analysis Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U/unpaired—t-test and Wilcoxon signedrank test. Result There was a significant difference in mouth opening in the LAA and LAK group in the immediate postoperative period. There was a significant difference between the two groups after 1 hour (LAA: 2.37; LAK: 1.40), and 4 hours (LAA: 2.37; LAK: 1.40). There was a significant difference in terms of facial swelling in the immediate postoperative period and day 1 between the LAA and LAK group. Clinical significance Use of subanesthetic dose of ketamine is not only safe but also valuable in reducing patient morbidity after third molar surgery. Conclusion Combination of a local anesthetic and subanesthetic dose of ketamine during surgical extraction of third molars provides good postoperative analgesia with less swelling and significantly less trismus. How to cite this article Kumar A, Kale TP. A Comparative Study between the Effect of Combined Local Anesthetic and Low-dose Ketamine with Local Anesthetic on Postoperative Complications after Impacted Third Molar Surgery. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(12):957-962.

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Durge, Khushboo Jeevan, Pavan Bajaj, and Diksha Agrawal. "Distal Molar Surgery." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 9, no. 44 (November 2, 2020): 3335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/732.

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Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation involving tooth investing structures.1 It causes irreversible bone and attachment loss. Very often third molar impaction leads to various complications adversely influencing the entire periodontal status.2 Therefore disimpaction surgery is one of the most commonly performed procedures. Extraction of an impacted molar tends to initiate localized periodontal pockets distally to an adjacent molars.3 This favours colonization of the subgingival microbiota, due to the difficulties associated with hygiene, and leads to the appearance of progressive bone loss into an well-defined angular defect.4 The primary goal of periodontal therapy is aimed at prevention, slowing or arresting disease progression. 5 Gingivectomy is the first choice of treatment in distal pocket due bulbous fibrous tissue. It can only be the choice of treatment when adequate amount of keratinized tissue is present at the site. Nevertheless, many times inadequate keratinized tissue or an angular bony defect has been diagnosed. Then bulbous tissue is preferably reduced in bulk and not be removed completely by the distal molar surgery. 6 The technique aids in pocket management. Apart, it also facilitates access to the osseous defect. It also secures the sufficient amounts of gingival tissue to achieve coverage.

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Chuang, Sung-Kiang. "Risk Factors for Inflammatory Complications Following Third Molar Surgery." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 65, no. 9 (September 2007): 36.e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2007.06.229.

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Chiapasco, Matteo, Lorenzo De Cicco, and Guido Marrone. "Side effects and complications associated with third molar surgery." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology 76, no. 4 (October 1993): 412–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(93)90005-o.

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Santos, Aída Juliane Ferreira dos, Carolina Chaves Gama Aires, Eugênia Leal de Figueiredo, and Belmiro Cavalcanti do Egito Vasconcelos. "Extensive subcutaneous emphysema after exodonty of molar third parties: Case report." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 4 (April 14, 2021): e37310414311. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i4.14311.

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Introduction: Subcutaneous emphysema is an accident where the forced introduction of air into the tissues occurs, which in dentistry can appear after the use of a high-speed pen or triple syringe. The swelling associated with emphysema can be mistaken for bruising, allergies or infections. The differential diagnosis is often related to the presence of crackles on palpation, associated or not, with pain. Treatment is prophylactic and palliative, since the problem tends to resolve spontaneously. Objective: To report a clinical case of subcutaneous emphysema and extraction of third molars, discussing the importance of differential diagnosis to guide the treatment of this complication. Case report: A 22-year-old female patient attended the oral and maxillofacial surgery service of a public hospital in Recife-PE, complaining of pain in the lower left third molar region. During the surgical procedure, it was necessary to use a high-speed pen to perform osteotomy and odontosection of tooth 38. At the end of the surgery, there was an increase in volume in the left periorbital region, compatible with subcutaneous emphysema. After 7 days postoperatively, spontaneous resolution of emphysema was observed. Discussion: According to the current literature, after the emphysema is already under a dermal layer, the air may remain at the surgery site or continue to spread along the facial spaces, depending on the permanence of the air jet. Conclusion: The correct diagnosis of subcutaneous emphysema was effective in ruling out other complications, guiding the management of the reported case, in addition to preventing the emphysema from evolving to an infection involving the cervicofacial or thoracic region.

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Andreasen, J. O. "Germectomy or delayed removal of mandibular impacted third molars: The relationship between age and incidence of complications." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 53, no. 4 (April 1995): 422–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(95)90716-5.

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Yamamoto, Shinsuke, Naoki Taniike, Daisuke Yamashita, and Toshihiko Takenobu. "Osteomyelitis of the Mandible Caused by Late Fracture following Third Molar Extraction." Case Reports in Dentistry 2019 (August 4, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5421706.

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The common postoperative complications of the extraction of third molars are frequently reported; however, reports about osteomyelitis of the mandible caused by late fracture following third molar extraction are rare. Here, we report a case of osteomyelitis of the mandible caused by late fracture following third molar extraction. A 38-year-old Japanese man was referred to the surgery department with chief complaints of dull pain and swelling in the right masseteric region and paresthesia of his lower lip and mental region in March 2018. A family dentist removed his lower third molar in the right side in January 2018. When the patient was chewing an innards stew 23 days after the procedure, he heard a cracking sound from the right mandible. Thus, we diagnosed the patient as having osteomyelitis of the mandible caused by late fracture following third molar extraction and performed sequestrectomy and curettage under general anesthesia in April 2018. In conclusion, it is necessary to recognize the possibility that late fracture following third molar extraction can cause osteomyelitis. Furthermore, once osteomyelitis of the mandible caused by late fracture occurred, early and appropriate treatment is necessary because the osteomyelitis may progress rapidly and in some cases may result in pathological fracture.

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Rajper, Wajid Ali, Kashif Ali Channar, Munawar Din Larik, Sajid Ali Majeedano, Aftab Ahmed Soomro, and Asfar Hussain. "Comparison of postoperative complications after impacted mandibular third molar extraction with conventional suturing versus tube drainage." Professional Medical Journal 27, no. 07 (July 10, 2020): 1408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2020.27.07.4011.

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Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of tube drain compared with conventional suturing on postoperative complications after extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Study Design: Cross Sectional study (Comparative). Setting: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dentistry, LUMHS Jamshoro/Hyderabad. Period: Six months duration from 12-11-2015 to 13-05-2016. Material & Methods: All the patient age from 18 to 45 years irrespective of gender, having mesioangular impacted mandibular third molar were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups, Group-A and group-B. The severity of pain was recorded by using Visual Analog Scale from 0 no pain to 10 worst pain, degree of swelling was measured by facial size through Amin and Laskin criteria and mouth opening was measured by interincisal distance through ruler. All data was recorded on the 3rd and 7th day by the clinician. Results: Mean age of group A was 31.22+7.21 years, and mean age of group B was 28.34+5.33 years. Male were found slightly more as compared to female. On 3rd day the post-operative pain assessment was almost equal in both groups p-value 0.06 and assessment of post-operative swelling on 3rd day was found with insignificant difference p-value 0.22. Assessment of pain on 7th post-operative day was that the severe pain was found significantly reduced in group B as compared to group A p-value 0.01, swelling was significantly reduced in group B p-value 0.04. While mouth opening was also found significantly more in group B as compared to group A p-value 0.022. Conclusion: After removal of impacted mandibular third molars, incorporating tube drain is very effective as compared to conventional suturing in reducing the facial swelling, trismus and postoperative pain.

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Bacci, Christian, Giulia Cassetta, Bruno Emanuele, and Mario Berengo. "Randomized Split-Mouth Study on Postoperative Effects of Palmitoylethanolamide for Impacted Lower Third Molar Surgery." ISRN Surgery 2011 (April 17, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/917350.

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The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of Normast 300 mg in reducing swelling and pain after the surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars. Materials and Methods. A randomized, split-mouth, single-blind study was conducted on 30 patients between 18 and 30 years of age requiring lower third molar extraction. Patients underwent bilateral extractions in a randomized sequence, one extraction being performed under Normast treatment. The Normast treatment involved 2 tablets a day for 15 days. The parameters assessed at each procedure were trismus, swelling, pain, NSAID consumption, postoperative complications, drug tolerability, and safety. The results obtained were processed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results. Perceived postoperative pain was reportedly significantly milder on Normast treatment than control. The trend of the means differed over time (P<.0001) and between the two extraction groups (P<.0221). On the other hand, for edema and trismus, the trend differed over time for both groups but did not differ between the two groups. Discussion. Our analyses indicate that patients experienced significantly less postoperative pain when they were treated with Normast. Conclusions. Administering Normast improves the postoperative course—in terms of pain—after lower third molar extraction.

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Dyer, Thomas Anthony, Jessica Ga Lai Lau, Thomas Anthony Dyer, and Jessica Ga Lai. "An Evaluation of A Practice-Based Minor Oral Surgery Service." Primary Dental Journal 7, no. 3 (September 2018): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/205016841800700305.

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Aim To report the findings of a service evaluation of an NHS practice-based minor oral surgery service. Method A service evaluation including a retrospective analysis of activity and outcome data and assessment of patient and practitioner satisfaction. Results 623 appointments were arranged, with a mean waiting time of 43 days. Treatment provided included: surgical removal of third molars and non-third molars, surgical endodontics and other surgical and oral medicine cases (29.7%, 44.1%, 3.0% and 23.4% of cases respectively). Antibiotics were prescribed at 16.1 % of treatment appointments and 1.9% required appointments for post-operative complications. All participants reported overall satisfaction with their care and strongly agreed/agreed with positive attitudinal statements about the oral surgeon's communication/information giving, technical competence and understanding and acceptance; 77.5% were seen on time and none were seen more than 15 minutes late; 87.5% felt the standard of the service was better than expected than at a hospital and none felt it was worse. Over 80 of practitioners agreed that waiting times were better than expected at a hospital, urgent problems were seen quickly and the referral process was easy and understandable. All practitioners strongly agreed/agreed they that they were happy with the service provided. Conclusions A range of minor oral surgery procedures can be provided with low complication rates, acceptable waiting times and accessibility, and high patient and referring practitioner satisfaction from a practice-based specialist oral surgery service.

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Ahponen, A., I. Venta, and P. Ylipaavalniemi. "Factors predisposing to postoperative complications related to third molar surgery." International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 26 (January 1997): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0901-5027(97)81410-5.

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Chuang, Sung-Kiang, David H. Perrott, Srinivas M. Susarla, and Thomas B. Dodson. "Age as a Risk Factor for Third Molar Surgery Complications." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 65, no. 9 (September 2007): 1685–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2007.04.019.

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Motamedi, Mohammad Hosein Kalantar. "A technique to manage gingival complications of third molar surgery." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology 90, no. 2 (August 2000): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/moe.2000.107223.

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Aravena, P., and R. Cartes-Velasquez. "Signs and symptoms of postoperative complications in third-molar surgery." International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 40, no. 10 (October 2011): 1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2011.07.387.

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Bortoluzzi, Marcelo Carlos, Andre Guollo, Diogo L. Capella, and Rafael Manfro. "Pain Levels after Third Molar Surgical Removal: An Evaluation of Predictive Variables." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 12, no. 4 (2011): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1041.

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ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the pain course after surgical removal of third molars. Materials and methods The sample consisted of 100 consecutive patients. Pain intensity was assessed by means of a visual analog scale (VAS). Results At day 1, moderate and severe pain were observed predominantly in patients who had surgery in the mandible (p < 0.001) and for patients younger than 24 years (p = 0.009), while more patients who weekly consumed mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis) showed pain classified as none or light (p = 0.017). At day 2, the profile of pain moderate/severe was more prevalent for patients who had surgery in the mandible (p < 0.001) with the report of difficult surgery (p = 0.042) and with odontotomy performed (p = 0.033). In the third postoperative day, severe/moderate pain was associated with surgery in the mandible (p < 0.001) and with odontotomy (p = 0.021) and ostectomy (p = 0.028) performed, with report of long and difficult procedure (p = 0.023), surgeries which last more than sixty minutes (p < 0.026), and for those patients who developed postoperative inflammatory complications (p < 0.001). Conclusion Higher pain complains could be expected for patients who have long and difficult mandibular third molar surgery characterized by odontotomy and ostectomy. Clinical significance Pain after third molar surgery is a common sequele. It is indispensable for the dentists to be apt in handling and preventing it as far as possible and know possible variables that may influence or increase these pain levels. It can be a clinical advantage. Better understanding the pain characteristics may guide the dentist through preoperative decisions. How to cite this article Bortoluzzi MC, Guollo A, Capella DL, Manfro R. Pain Levels after Third Molar Surgical Removal: An Evaluation of Predictive Variables. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(4):239-244.

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De Biase, Alberto, Giulia Mazzucchi, Dario Di Nardo, Marco Lollobrigida, Giorgio Serafini, and Luca Testarelli. "Prevention of Periodontal Pocket Formation after Mandibular Third Molar Extraction Using Dentin Autologous Graft: A Split Mouth Case Report." Case Reports in Dentistry 2020 (August 31, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1762862.

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Surgical extraction of the third molar can often result in the development of a periodontal pocket distal to the second molar that could delay the healing, and the socket could be colonized by bacteria and lead to secondary abscesses, or it may cause mobility or hypersensitivity. The aim of this case report is to assess the efficacy of a dentin autograft in the prevention of periodontal dehiscences after the surgical extraction of the third molar, obtained by the immediate grinding of the extracted tooth. A healthy 18-year-old male patient underwent surgery of both impacted mandibular molars: right postextractive socket was filled with grinded dentin; then, the left one was filled with fibrin sponge. The patient was followed up for six months, and clinical and radiographic assessment were performed: measurements of plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival index (GI), clinical attachment level (CAL), and probing pocket depth (PPD) were done before surgery and repeated at 90 and 180 days after the extractions. Measurements made at six months after the surgery revealed that the grafted site was characterized by a minor depth of the pocket if compared with the nongrafted site, with no clinical/radiographic signs of complications.

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Trybek, Grzegorz, Justyna Rydlińska, Magda Aniko-Włodarczyk, and Aleksandra Jaroń. "Effect of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Application on Non-Infectious Complications after Surgical Extraction of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 4, 2021): 8249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168249.

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Due to the frequent development of non-infectious complications after surgical removal of the third lower impacted tooth, many techniques are used to reduce their severity. Among them is the technique of applying platelet-rich fibrin to the post-extraction alveolus. The study included 90 consecutively enrolled patients. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to two groups: patients with and without platelet-rich fibrin introduced into the postoperative alveolus. Pain, swelling, trismus, and temperature were evaluated after the procedure. Pain intensity was significantly higher in the control group than in the study group at 6 h, 1, and 3 days after surgery. PRF application did not significantly affect the intensity of swelling. Body temperature was significantly higher in the control group than the study group on day two after surgery. The trismus was significantly higher in the control group than in the study group at one, two, and seven days after surgery. Application of the PRF allows for a faster and less traumatic treatment process. It will enable for speedier recovery and return to active life and professional duties.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Third molars - Surgery - Complications'

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