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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Third Party Inspection

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Academic literature on the topic 'Third Party Inspection'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Third Party Inspection"

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ISHIGAI, Seikan. "Quickening of Third-Party Inspection System in Japan." Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 89, no. 812 (1986): 720–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.89.812_720.

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Petersen, DR, RE Link, and A. Kay. "Third-Party Inspection Agency Response to Changing Needs." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 24, no. 1 (1996): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte11286j.

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Xu, Wei Pu, Lie Gao Wang, Hong Bo Ma, and Yi Ting Liu. "The Third Party Inspection Research of Valves for Liquefied Natural Gas Project." Advanced Materials Research 1006-1007 (August 2014): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1006-1007.367.

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This paper expounded the necessities of third party inspection for liquefied natural gas project valves. The third party inspection methods are introduced in detail. Tests and operations on each item are analyzed.

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Avenhaus, R. "APPLICATIONS OF INSPECTION GAMES." Mathematical Modelling and Analysis 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2004): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13926292.2004.9637251.

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An inspection game is a mathematical model of a non‐cooperative situation where an inspector verifies that another party, called inspectee, adheres to legal rules. The inspector wishes to deter illegal activity on the part of the inspectee and, should illegal activity nevertheless take place, detect it with the highest possible probability and as soon as possible. The inspectee may have some incentive to violate his commitments and violation, if observed, will incur punishment. Therefore if he chooses illegal behaviour, the inspectee will wish to avoid detection with the highest possible probability. Three examples of applications are presented. The first one deals with random controls in public transportation systems. The second one describes the problem of verification of arms control and disarmament in a very general way. The third one deals with inspections over time which are important in the context of non‐proliferation verification.

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Kunreuther, Howard C., Patrick J. McNulty, and Yong Kang. "Third-Party Inspection as an Alternative to Command and Control Regulation." Risk Analysis 22, no. 2 (April 2002): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0272-4332.00029.

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Sugita, Yoshihiro. "OS1-5 Periodic inspection by third party for safety of elevator." Proceedings of the Industrial, Chemical Machinery & Safety Division Conference 2012 (2012): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicm.2012.21.

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Feder, Judy. "Best Practices for Avoiding Erosion in Annular Fracturing." Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, no. 06 (June 1, 2021): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0621-0046-jpt.

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Judy Feder, contains highlights of paper SPE 204417, “Avoiding Erosion: Best Practices for Coiled Tubing Annular Fracturing Operations,” by Kaveh Yekta, SPE, and Jamie Fenwick, SPE, Essential Energy Services, and Kevin Elliott, SPE, NOV, et al., prepared for the 2021 SPE/ICoTA Virtual Well Intervention Conference, 22–25 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed. The onset of erosion of coiled tubing (CT) strings may be difficult to predict in annular fracturing operations. The complete paper describes a methodology of verifying that CT strings have not been subject to erosion caused by annular fracturing operations. An exploration of pumping rates used on these strings in operations also provides field-tested practical guidelines for avoiding erosion when performing annular fracturing jobs. Inspection A CT string may be exposed to erosion in the outer surface during CT annular fracturing operations. The critical parameters that may influence the magnitude of erosion include fracturing pump rate, sand concentration, fluid rheology, wellbore geometry, and the grade of CT string. One measurable parameter to examine the string’s suitability is the wall thickness for each section. The CT strings discussed in the complete paper were sent for inspection to learn about the effect of the fracturing treatment. A series of nondestructive tests was conducted pre- and post-operation to evaluate the readiness of strings for subsequent operations. The complete paper includes two graphs related to the results of these tests. Materials The API 5ST specification requires using eddy current (EC) inspection for CT. With respect to API 5ST, quenched and tempered tubing had not been addressed at the time of this paper’s submission, so it is not clear whether the CT manufacturers employ EC techniques after quenching and tempering. However, it is expected that all tubing will be subject to EC inspection at least before any quenching and tempering operations. Inspection methodology and equipment consistency is important to establish a baseline inspection necessary for subsequent comparisons. In the case of the CT strings used in this study, all were subject to EC inspection at tubing manufacturing and then subsequently inspected by an outside, third-party vendor using magnetic flux leakage (MFL) technology when spooling the strings on the unit. No known third-party EC vendors can inspect string lengths of CT, so MFL inspection is the only available solution. Photographs of CT inspections taken at the manufacturing facility and the service and distribution point are included in the paper. Several commercial third-party inspection companies operate in North America, where this work was performed. Provided that the inspection can begin by identifying features in the calibration standard (often a through-drilled hole), the selection of inspection methodology is primarily a matter of preference for the service company and operator.

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Starobin, Shana, and Erika Weinthal. "The Search for Credible Information in Social and Environmental Global Governance: The Kosher Label." Business and Politics 12, no. 3 (October 2010): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1322.

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Hundreds of “eco-labels” and “social labels” exist for consumer products. These labels claim to provide information about characteristics of these products, which consumers cannot directly observe but which many of them consider desirable, such as low environmental impact, good treatment of workers during production, and relatively high prices paid to the local producers of ingredients from developing countries. Third-party certifiers are supposed to solve the well-known problem that a producer's unilateral declarations lack credibility, given the producer's conflict of interest and the information asymmetries between producer and consumer. Much of the literature on global private regulation—through standards for environmental sustainability, corporate social responsibility, among others—assumes that third-party certification works (i.e., overcomes the problems of producer self-declaration). But closer inspection shows that many third-party certifiers lack credibility. This article examines why some third party certifiers are more credible than others. In doing so, we elucidate the ways in which social capital and trust bolster third party certifiers' credibility. The empirical analysis focuses primarily on Kosher food labels within the global food supply chain. We then explore the consequences of the credibility paradox for other third party certified labels that promote social and environmental values.

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Zhang, Ling Ling, Gang Fu, and Xian Fu Wang. "Application of the FTA in the Risk Management of Refined Oil Pipeline." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 2211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.2211.

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Building a fault tree for the refined oil pipeline on the basis of fault tree analysis method. By analyzing the potential risks existing in the refined oil pipeline, the main sources of risks have been figured out based on FTA. This paper aims to find out the key risk factors existing in the oil pipeline as followed: corrosion, machinery and material failure, the third-party damage and maloperation. The main risk sources and the vulnerable spots are found out through the structural importance analysis of the fault tree, including neglecting the construction supervision, corrosion detection, poor corrosion resistance, operation inspection and supervision and bad alarm system, cathodic protection failure and the third-party damage.

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Mishra, Mowmita, Soumya Kanti Hota, Santanu Kumar Ghosh, and Biswajit Sarkar. "Controlling Waste and Carbon Emission for a Sustainable Closed-Loop Supply Chain Management under a Cap-and-Trade Strategy." Mathematics 8, no. 4 (March 27, 2020): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8040466.

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Considering the increasing number of end-of-life goods in the context of improving the ambience and health of a population and their destructive impacts, recycling strategies are important for industries and organizations. In this article, a closed-loop supply chain management containing a single manufacturer, a single retailer, and a third party is introduced in which the manufacturer first propagates newly finished goods and then dispatches some of the finished goods to the retailer considering a single-setup multi-delivery policy. Due to shipping, carbon emission is taken into account as well as a carbon emission trading mechanism to curb the amount of carbon emissions by the retailer. For recycling through collection, inspection, remanufacturing, and landfill, the third party collects the end-of-life goods from its customers and ships perfect products to the manufacturer after a two-stage inspection. In this model, major sources of emissions such as shipping, replenishment orders, and inventory have been taken care of. The minimizing of the total cost relating to the container capacity, shipment numbers, and replenishment cycle length is the main objective of the closed-loop supply chain management for making the system more profitable. Expository numerical explorations, analysis, and graphic representations are conferred to elucidate this model, and it is observed that this model saves some percentage of the cost compared to the existing literature.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Third Party Inspection"

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Fang, Tsai Shih, and 蔡石芳. "A study on fulfilling fire safety inspection system with the third-party fire fighting." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10310324453291114260.

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Hsieh, Tung-Hsun, and 謝東勳. "The Feasibility Study of Outsourcing Trusted Third Party for Architectural Construction Site Inspection in New Taipei City." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y4865c.

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碩士
國立中央大學
土木工程學系在職專班
106
Taiwan is located at the boundary between the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate.With more than 33 active faults in the main island, Taiwan is an earthquake prone region. Earthquakes often cause irreversible damage to the structures and pose serious threats to the public. Asides from the structural design to improve the earthquake resistance level of the buildings, the construction quality is also an important part. It is an urgent and essential issue to improve the construction quality of buildings for the government. New Taipei City has an estimated population of 4 million within 2,503 square kilometers. Its number and the scale of architectural projects is the top of the five major cities in Taiwan for years. Article 56 of the Construction Law clearly stated that for the parts of construction works that require inspection, the municipal or county (city) competent authority of construction shall, upon approval of the construction plan, designate the constructor together with the supervisor to submit reports in time before to continue construction, and the competent authority of construction may carry out inspection at any time. The mechanism for inspections do exist, however, the authority does not have enough administrative and adequate human resources to conduct thorough architectural construction inspections. The existing mechanism seems to be insufficient to ensure the construction quality of buildings. Gradually, the ideas of commissioning trusted third party by the authority to ensure the construction quality are generated. The means of the commissioning may be carried out by requesting professional associations to appoint experts who are competent, capable, and willing to take responsibility for the inspections with professional signing and sealing. The feasibility study is conducted through collecting and analyzing data including the existing building regulations and inspecting systems in Taiwan and Japan, the construction works inspection process of the construction works of the New Taipei City Government Works Bureau, and the mechanism and experiences of commissioning the New Taipei City Architects Association in issuing building licenses. Supplemented by questionnaires, the study includes the comments and opinions of the current inspection process and outsourcing inspections from relevant professional practitioners. With above mentioned analysis and discussions, the feasibility study of outsourcing trusted third party for architectural construction site inspection in New Taipei City is conducted. The goal of this study is to achieve a win-win situation by improving construction quality of buildings and ensuring the safety of the buildings for the public without jeopardizing the administrative efficiency.

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Books on the topic "Third Party Inspection"

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Ray, Sumantra (Shumone), Sue Fitzpatrick, Rajna Golubic, Susan Fisher, and Sarah Gibbings, eds. Archiving. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199608478.003.0023.

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This chapter discusses the importance of archiving the data. As well as regulatory advice the requirements of the most useful reference guide, ISO11799, is reviewed. Practical advice on issues such as location, storage, security, and environmental controls is given. The management of the archive from preparation to transfer of data is described. Methods of indexing and cataloguing together with tracking are detailed and systems for retrieval of data are explored. The role of the archivist in audits and inspections is discussed as the content of the TMF will be assessed during audit to ensure a clear audit trail is maintained. Retention times for essential documents are reviewed in the EU the regulation stipulates that data has to be kept for 25 years. As more and more information has to be archived the use of off-site or commercial archives is becoming more common and the additional requirements for a third party service provider are described. The introduction of eArchiving and the associated problems with long term storage of electronic data are discussed along with the various methods that may be used. The FDA issued guidance for electronic data and compliance with this guidance, CFR21 part 11, is vital. CFR 21 part 11 is widely followed within Europe and the standard is frequently referred to by the regulatory inspectors.

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Book chapters on the topic "Third Party Inspection"

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"Third Party Inspection." In Power Boilers, 151–53. ASME Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.859674.ch8.

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"Third-Party inspection, testing, and verification." In Identity-Preserved Systems. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420040241.sec8.

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"Section 8: Third-party inspection, testing, and verification." In Identity-Preserved Systems, 123–28. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420040241-11.

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Kokemuller, Linda. "The Value of a Third Party Inspection Program During the Construction of Natural Gas Pipelines in Maine." In Environmental Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management: 7th International Symposium, 869–74. Elsevier, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044117-7/50095-5.

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Parkin, Jack. "Grounding Cryptocurrencies." In Money Code Space, 119–60. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197515075.003.0007.

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Chapter 6 documents a more specific and exploratory follow the thing research technique to uncover the digital-material architecture of Bitcoin. Treating the Bitcoin code as both a text and material, a single bitcoin is followed through the decentralised protocol “from” Australia “to” the United States. By tracing the spatial relationships between miscellaneous paraphernalia that facilitate the transaction, from proprietary software to Bitcoin mining rigs, the chapter navigates the material culture of the Bitcoin blockchain. This involves opening up source code for inspection to uncover the functional performativity of the network. The spatial lens used reveals several material infrastructures such as undersea cables, data centres, pools of Bitcoin mines, active nodes, and third-party wallet software, that assemble to form operational modes of centralisation.

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Jackson, Ben, and Genevieve Joy. "Mahindra First Choice." In Putting Purpose Into Practice, 354–62. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198870708.003.0032.

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Mahindra Firstchoice illustrates the process of ecosystem orchestration in the context of the second-hand car market in India. It describes how Mahindra Firstchoice mapped the ecosystem in relation to six key parties—consumers who were buyers, consumers who were sellers, car manufacturers, independent used-car dealers, independent car service workshops, and banks. It then identified the bottlenecks and ‘pain points’ that afflicted the six parties. The used-car market did not function properly because of lack of trust, information, and transparency and Mahindra Firstchoice worked with the parties to identify solutions to the market failures. These involved, amongst other things, the creation of third-party car inspection services, the establishment of a multi-brand car-dealer franchise, a warranty system, a bluebook of second-hand prices and transactions, and a car diagnosis and repair system.

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Crouch, Dora P. "Natural Models for Water Elements." In Water Management in Ancient Greek Cities. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195072808.003.0019.

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The Greek builders developed their control over water by careful observation coupled with trial and error, to determine where there would be ample water supply. They could amass the same kind of knowledge as modern engineers, although on a different (nonmathematical) basis. They were adept at utilizing observation but not at complicated technical manipulation of data, at least partly because of the defects in their mathematical system. They also were adept at utilizing discoveries made by their neighbors, such as the qanats of Persia. Unfortunately we do not know how much of the highly developed Mycenaean and Minoan water technology survived the “Dark Ages” of the first third of the first millennium B.C. The features of a karst landscape that tell modern engineers where to drill would have spoken equally strongly to their predecessors: 1. In limestone gaps between vertical or steeply dipping aquicludes (strata that hold water but do not transmit it) 2. In open faults or at fault intersections, especially in younger faults not resealed by precipitated calcite 3. At the noses of limestone spurs jutting into alluvium, places that are often the location of springs, but even if no spring is visible, one can find water at depth 4. On the peak of an anticline where tension opens the aquifer (cf. artesian wells) 5. Below surface drainage—especially in places with large solution openings (FAO, Vols. 4 and 5, pt. 1, p. 24) Thus, inspection of the karst terrane would have enabled the ancient water specialists to find and utilize springs, and also to know where to dig for wells. Such knowledge contributed directly to the success of ancient Greek cities. Inspection of and meditation on the natural environment over many centuries gave the Greeks the necessary models to develop highly sophisticated water systems. In what follows I am speculating, but in no case do these suggestions go beyond what would be possible given both time, intelligence, and necessity. In the case of either dolines/sinkholes or the kind of shaft that grows gradually upward, the lower end of the shaft is always or seasonally filled with water (see Fig. 7.3).

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"Southern Water Authority v Pegrum and Pegrum [1989] Crim LR 442 (DC) Facts: The respondents were charged with an offence contrary to s 31(1) of the Control of Pollution Act 1974, causing polluting matter (pig effluent) to enter a stream. The respondents reared pigs; effluent produced by the pigs was held initially in tanks and then transferred by gravity into a lagoon constructed for the purpose. The lagoon itself was emptied of liquid content for use as manure several times a year and of sediment annually. In the winter of 1987, after heavy rain, a blocked drain resulted in rain water flowing into the lagoon. A fissure developed at the top of one side of the lagoon and polluting liquid escaped, finding its way into a stream and eventually into a river. The magistrates found that the overflow from the lagoon was caused by an act of God – the ingress of rainwater – and that it was unnecessary to consider whether the respondents were negligent either in not inspecting the drain or discovering the overflow promptly enough or in not providing an adequate drain. They further found that the blocked drain causing the ingress of rainwater was an intervening event ‘breaking the chain of causation’. They dismissed the information and the prosecutor appealed by way of case stated. Held, allowing the appeal and remitting the case with a direction to convict, the following principles applied: (1) where the defendant conducts some active operation involving the storage, use or creation of material capable of polluting a river should it escape, then if it does escape and pollute, the defendant is liable if he ‘caused’ that escape; (2) the question of causation is to be decided in a common sense way; (3) a defendant may be found to have caused that escape even though he did not intend that escape and even though the escape happened without his negligence; (4) it is a defence to show that the cause of the escape was the intervening act of a third party or act of God or vis major which are the novus actus interveniens defences to strict civil liability referred to in Rylands v Fletcher (1868) LR 3 HL 330; (5) in deciding whether the intervening cause affords a defence the test is whether it was of so powerful nature that the conduct of the defendant was not a cause at all, but was merely part of the surrounding circumstances. On the facts of the present case, the active operations or positive acts of the respondents were the storage and re-use of the effluent which resulted in the formation of the toxic sediment which polluted the stream. The magistrates erred in finding that the ingress of rainwater was an act of God; an act of God is an operation of natural forces so unpredictable as to excuse a defendant all liability for its consequences. The quantity of rain could not properly be regarded in itself as an act of God and in any event the ingress of rainwater into the lagoon was the result of the overflow from the blocked drain. Although unpredictable and unforeseeable operation of animate forces can amount to an act of God (see Carstairs v Taylor (1870) LR 6 Exch 217), there was no factual basis for such finding in the present case. The respondents submitted that the blocked drain was an effective intervening cause relegating the respondent’s effluent operation to a mere surrounding circumstance; it was sought to distinguish Alphacell Ltd v Woodward [1972] AC 824 on the basis that in." In Sourcebook Criminal Law, 143. Routledge-Cavendish, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843143093-71.

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Conference papers on the topic "Third Party Inspection"

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Zhang, Yan, Xiangpeng Zeng, Hongyang Li, and Yousong Wang. "Establishing a Third-Party Inspection System of Construction Work Safety." In International Conference on Construction and Real Estate Management 2019. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482308.098.

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Zhang, Yu, and Yingxue Zhao. "Analysis of the third party inspection strategy under asymmetric quality cost information." In 2012 International Conference on Systems and Informatics (ICSAI). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsai.2012.6223268.

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Montemurro, David, Kim McCaig, Richard Hoffmann, and Reena Sahney. "Capturing Best Practices for Third Party Inspections of Pipeline Construction." In 2016 11th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2016-64116.

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The North American pipeline industry is facing a time of significant expansion over the next decade as a result of market demand and technology advancements that have fundamentally shifted supply and demand patterns in North America. While recent commodity prices have softened, the need for pipeline infrastructure may only be somewhat delayed, still allowing industry opportunity to improve practices in a number of areas. The INGAA Foundation and the Canadian Energy Pipeline Association (CEPA) Foundation have a number of initiatives underway in this respect; in particular, there is an emphasis on improving quality in all aspects of the pipeline construction process. One of the initiatives, described in this paper, relates to the compilation of a guide and body of knowledge for inspection practices and captures best practices as they relate to third party inspection during the construction process. The outlined approach is intended to have two main philosophical underpinnings: it must complement existing practices, training and certification, and it must remain user friendly and practical to use. The main challenge in capturing best practices in this area lies in striking an appropriate balance between specific guidance regarding third party inspection and overly prescriptive, specific company practices. This is further complicated due to the broad range of topics and information required that is not always consistently documented across member companies. In light of these realities, the approach for the Practical Guide for Pipeline Construction Inspection was to align material required to perform an inspection task tightly to the sequential construction process to allow an intuitive layout for new industry entrants. Once a working group, representing both US and Canadian Operators and Services providers was established, a detailed table of contents was developed and agreed to by the group. Using this simple framework, available Member Company information was then reviewed, assessed and captured in detail for inclusion in the guide. The information took a range of forms ranging from specifications, manuals to training documents and modules. Significant collaboration, through working sessions, with Subject Matter Experts (SMEs), used to review, revise and supplement the content, as required. Overall, this approach provided a technically sound guide, addressing gaps in codified industry knowledge, while remaining relevant and accessible for most users. Upon completion, this body of knowledge will be available for member companies to use immediately, and potentially, as a basis for training, individual study, and the further refinement of existing industry certification.

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Dhamija, Lalit K. "Ensuring Materials Procurement Quality through Third Party Inspection and Materials Certification - The ADCO way." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/36254-ms.

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Zhang, Lei, Hongyang Li, Yin Wu, Yousong Wang, Gui Xiong, and Hui Yan. "A Study on the Management Mechanism of Third-Party Safety Inspection within the Chinese Context." In International Conference on Construction and Real Estate Management 2019. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482308.051.

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Saito, Shinobu, Mutsuki Takeuchi, Masatoshi Hiraoka, Tsuyoshi Kitani, and Mikio Aoyama. "Requirements clinic: Third party inspection methodology and practice for improving the quality of software requirements specifications." In 2013 IEEE 21st International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/re.2013.6636732.

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Johnston, Dennis C., and Stephen S. Thomas. "Colonial’s Experience With Finding Longitudinal Defects With Internal Inspection Devices." In 1996 1st International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc1996-1842.

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A number of failures have been attributed to longitudinal cracking on large diameter liquid pipelines. Cracks caused by third party damage and railroad fatigue are discussed. Third party damage cracks originate from gouged dents caused by construction equipment striking the pipeline. The railroad fatigue cracks originate at the toe of tire longitudinal weld as a result of improper loading during transportation. An inspection program was developed to detect each of these cracking types. These inspection programs will be explained and examples of pipe anomalies demonstrated.

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Boszczowski, Eduardo Bomfim, Carlos Renato Aragonez de Vasconcellos, Kleber Vini´cius da Cruz, Ozias Pereira Filho, and Sarah Marcela C. Cartagena. "Best Practices for Third Party Pipeline Damage Risk Management With Social and Environment Responsibility: Transpetro—Petrobras Transporte S.A." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64595.

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The present paper describes the tasks developed along 550 kilometers of PETROBRAS TRANSPORTE South Region right-of-way where there are more than 1000 kilometers of onshore pipelines. This work was based on the company Integrity Management Program, with focus on risk reduction due to third party damage, promoting social accountability and environment preservation. On the Introduction there are presented pipeline failures stats in USA and Europe. It’s visible in the stats that third party damage is one of the most common pipeline failures responsibleness. In the next topics we list the mitigation methods based on the Integrity Management Program that involves risk analysis; inspection plans based on risk; plan check and program audits. On the Detailed Plan we present standards and normal requirement for pipeline integrity; the Company GIS — Geographic Information System — where you find the pipeline data with its position and depth from ground level; the action plan to correct anomalies found during inspections; and the awareness programs performed through the Communication System to answer the solicitations registered at TRANSPETRO Call Center. We also present the social and environment Responsibility Program that includes the Identification of the communities around our right-of-way, the social and environment classification and the projects development to guaranty the installation integrity that contribute to the communities quality life raise. The Communication Plan for the stakeholders is based on API 1162 – Public Awareness Programs for Pipeline Operators. This plan is accomplished by a team of different professionals such as communication and social service professionals and others. They visit Public Officials (City Hall, Civil Defense, Fire Department, Road Police and Public Services Providers), Excavators, land owners and communities with the objective to guide and publicize safe and co-responsible manners to pipeline installations. It’s remarkable the creation of especial projects in the communities along the right-of-way, such as Communitarian vegetable fields, mobile movie theaters and educational effort in high schools. We also present the results from the Integrity Program to prevent third party damage, the improvement promoted and the recommendations to make it better. At the end we present the costs involved in all actions to prevent third party damage by Brazil South Region Pipeline Operator.

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Finley, Daniel, Simon Daniel, and Paul Ogden. "Pipeline Depth of Cover: Can You Demonstrate Compliance?" In 2020 13th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2020-9426.

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Abstract Third-party interference is widely documented as being a major cause of damage to buried pipelines. In addition to routine surveillance, maintaining a minimum depth of cover is recognized as a key means of mitigation against third-party interference. We know that the depth of cover over pipelines can change with time. Changes in depth of cover can also be an indication of thermal upheaval, frost heave or ground movement. Current techniques available for measuring depth of cover on buried pipes require significant effort to produce a high-resolution survey for an entire pipeline. A UK Innovation project completed with National Grid Gas Transmission in 2017 successfully demonstrated a methodology for estimating pipeline depth of cover by combining ground elevation data with high-resolution inertial measurement unit (IMU) data collected during in-line inspection. Since the end of the project, ROSEN has completed a further eight pipeline depth of cover inspections, with a total length exceeding 400 kilometers and including a range of pipe diameters.

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Jäger, Wolfram. "Qualifications and Internal Checks versus Independent Proof of Structural Design." In IABSE Workshop, Helsinki 2017: Ignorance, Uncertainty, and Human Errors in Structural Engineering. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/helsinki.2017.059.

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Abstract:

Against the background of European standardisation of structural engineering principles, there is intense debate about the extent to which self-regulation and internal inspections can replace independent inspection of calculations relating to static equilibrium, project scheduling and execution of construction work by a third party. There is also discussion about whether the likelihood of errors decreases and, to a certain extent, whether errors would be unlikely or would not have a significant effect on the stability of buildings, as engineers become better qualified. This contribution examines both questions and gives examples from the author’s practical experience.

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