Academic literature on the topic 'Thorough reform'
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Journal articles on the topic "Thorough reform"
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Prytz, Johan. "The OECD as a Booster of National School Governance. The case of New Math in Sweden, 1950-1975." Foro de Educación 18, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14516/fde.824.
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New Math was an international reform movement aimed at thorough changes in school mathematics with respect to both content and teaching methods. This movement started to gain influence in the 1950s, and in the 1960s several countries prepared and implemented their own New Math reforms. This movement not only attracted prominent mathematicians and psychologists but also garnered support from the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The New Math reforms are examples of how OECD supported thorough and broad changes in national systems of education. In most countries, however, the influence of New Math on syllabi began to fade by the 1970s. In this paper, I discuss how the New Math in Sweden reform boosted national governance and changed power relations between the teachers, textbook producers, and the national school administration. I also suggest that OECD continued to support this power structure through the testing enterprises associated with PISA.
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Peters, Rik. "Collingwood's Reform of Hegelian Dialectic." Hegel Bulletin 16, no. 01 (1995): 90–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263523200003062.
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The relation between Collingwood and Hegel has been mentioned very often but so far it has seldom been the subject of a thorough inquiry. Collingwood himself is for a large part responsible for this situation because he never expressed his debts to Hegel's philosophy. In the Idea of Nature and in the Idea of History, both published posthumously, Collingwood confines himself to a critical account of Hegel's philosophy of nature and history. The quality of Collingwood's interpretations in both works however, leads one to suspect that Collingwood had a very profound knowledge of Hegel's philosophy. This suspicion is confirmed by Collingwood's manuscripts in the Bodleian Library which show clearly that Collingwood studied Hegel much more thoroughly and continuously than his interpreters have assumed so far. In the manuscripts we find long and profound commentaries on Hegel's Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion, on his Science of Logic and on all parts of the Encyclopedia. The material in the Bodleian is so abundant that a whole book would be needed to interpret it satisfactorily. In this paper, however, I will restrict myself to the kernel of the Hegel's and Collingwood's philosophies which is the dialectic. It needs no comment that Hegel's system is thoroughly dialectical. About the dialectical character of Collingwood's philosophy, however, many interpreters have their doubts and even when they admit, always after long discussion, that some parts of Collingwood's thought are dialectical, they immediately claim that these parts are not the best.
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Odewole, Philip Olawale, and Rafiu Oyesola Salawu. "The Implementation of Budget Reform and the Level of Compliance among the Public Sector Entities in Nigeria." Journal of Business Administration Research 9, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jbar.v9n2p19.
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The study investigated the implementation of budget reform and the level of compliance in Nigeria. Purposive Sampling Technique was employed to select the two sectors – Ministry of Education and Health – where the adoption and implementation of the budget reform were popular. The population of the study comprised fifty (50) MDAs of the two ministries. Primary data were sourced from five hundred (500) respondents through structured questionnaire administered to the selected Ministries, Departments and Agencies. Data were analyzed using the Factor analysis technique. The results showed that only 55% of the MDAs within the sample size exhibited high compliance level with the budget reform while 45% demonstrated low compliance with the budget reform mandate. The summary of the overall results, therefore, revealed that there was no full compliance with the budget reforms’ directives among the MDAs during the research period. The study concludes that only continuous and critical re-assessments of the budget reform and its periodic re-appraisals by the central authorities in Nigeria can guarantee full compliance and thorough implementation in order to achieve desired results of the reforms in the public sector entities in Nigeria. The study, therefore, recommends that a central monitoring unit be created jointly by the Federal Ministry of Finance and the Office of the Accountant-General of the federation to ensure strict compliance, which will in turn enhance transparency and accountability in the public sector entities in Nigeria.
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Siddiquee, Noore Alam. "Driving performance in the public sector: what can we learn from Malaysia’s service delivery reform?" International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 69, no. 9 (July 4, 2019): 2069–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-06-2018-0232.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which Malaysia’s most recent public service reform has improved service delivery and governmental performance. It also endeavors to identify critical success factors that explain reform performance and draw lessons based on the Malaysian experience. Design/methodology/approach The paper adopts a case study approach and draws on data from both primary and secondary sources. Besides a thorough review of official documents and existing literature, the author conducted 20 individual interviews with key informants representing government officials, academics and civil society organizations. Findings The study shows that despite some pitfalls and misgivings, the Government Transformation Program (GTP) has produced concrete improvements in service delivery areas where previous reforms failed. One of the factors that underpin GTP’s relative success is the detailed performance management framework, which helped foster inter-agency collaboration and enforce accountability for results at various levels. Practical implications The GTP success highlights the significance of adapting reform content to local situations especially when reforms are based on external models; sanctions from the highest political office; a dedicated unit to drive the implementation and an effective performance management framework through which individuals and agencies would be held to account for results achieved. Originality/value Despite many and varied reform initiatives attempted in the past, cases of successful reform are rare, especially in developing countries. Little is known on what makes a reform work, a gap exacerbated by notable absence of systematic research on this topic. The paper contributes to address this by reviewing Malaysia’s innovative approach to reform and the insights that the Malaysian experience offers.
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Ellig, Jerry, and Rosemarie Fike. "Regulatory Process, Regulatory Reform, and the Quality of Regulatory Impact Analysis." Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 7, no. 3 (2016): 523–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bca.2016.20.
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Numerous regulatory reform proposals would require federal agencies to conduct more thorough economic analysis of proposed regulations or expand the resources and influence of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA), which currently reviews executive branch regulations. Such reforms are intended to improve the quality of economic analysis agencies produce when they issue major regulations. We employ newly gathered data on variation in current administrative procedures to assess the likely effects of proposed regulatory process reforms on the quality of agencies’ regulatory impact analyses (RIAs). Our results suggest that greater use of advance notices of proposed rulemakings for major regulations, advance consultation with regulated entities, use of advisory committees, and expansion of OIRA’s resources and role would improve the quality of RIAs. They also suggest pre-proposal public meetings with stakeholders are associated with lower quality analysis.
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Torvatn, Tim, and Luitzen de Boer. "Public procurement reform in the EU: start of a new era?" IMP Journal 11, no. 3 (October 16, 2017): 431–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imp-09-2015-0056.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the reform of public purchasing directives initiated by the European Union (EU) and discuss them in light of the criticism against existing public purchasing directives. Design/methodology/approach A literature review of empirical articles is critical to existing public purchasing directives to summarize the main directions and categories of their criticism, and a thorough reading of the proposed reform of the public purchasing directives is carried out to see if the changes will answer some or all of the criticism directed toward the public purchasing directives. Findings The reforms seem to be a step in the right direction, particularly with respect to public organizations possibility to support innovation and new product and service development, but little change in the possibilities for development of strategic, long-term relationships. Research limitations/implications The reform has just been introduced, and so the analysis of the possible effects of the reform is not based on empirical data (since such data do not exist yet), but mostly on the authors experience in the field and through a comparison with selected literature. Originality/value An early assessment of the possible effects of the reform regarding public procurement directives in the EU area is introduced.
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Guo, Wen Ting, Bing Liu, and Yong Gui Liu. "Enterprises Internal Management Investigation and Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 1640–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.1640.
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This thesis takes practical enterprise internal investigation of the consulting company for instance, thoroughly introducing the aim, content, method, analysis as well as report of this investigation. This investigation group conducted a thorough and systematic investigation to the internal management through the methods of desk research, materials consultation, on-the-spot investigation, anonymous questionnaire survey, post readme, in-depth interview, and visiting customers and the suppliers and displayed present situations and reform suggestions at aspects on company's strategic management, corporate culture, human resources management, production and quality management, sales management, financial management and management system.
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Infante Mora, Eva, Marina Markot, Stephen Capobianco, Melina Ivanchikova, Richard Kiely, Richard Feldman, and Amy Cheatle. "Part 5: Organisational changes required by the reform of the CASA-Sevilla study abroad programme." Learning and Teaching 12, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 88–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/latiss.2019.120306.
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The action research process initiated in 2015 to make a thorough reform of the CASA-Sevilla study-abroad programme not only produced significant pedagogical developments but also brought about a profound change in the way of working and relating within the programme work organisation itself and with Cornell University colleagues. This section focuses on organisational changes in each of the units involved, and reflects a path full of transitions, diplomacy, exchange of perspectives and inter-institutional as well as intercultural learning. To make these pedagogical reforms work in practice required significant organisational change and support efforts on the part of both CASA-Sevilla and the supporting organisations at Cornell University.
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Vuorensyrjä, Matti. "Police management reform, labor productivity, and citizens’ evaluation of police services." Policing: An International Journal 41, no. 6 (December 3, 2018): 749–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-02-2017-0025.
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Purpose This study tracks changes in labor productivity of the Finnish police force over a period of thorough management reforms (2009-2014). Theoretically, the study is based on the cost disease hypothesis. It was assumed that police management reforms have had no noticeable effect on labor productivity and that, therefore, the fact that both physical police facilities and frontline employees have been reduced during the reform years has been reflected on the output side: on the number of outputs, accessibility, and quality of police services. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted as a series of longitudinal function-specific output-input analyses (2000-2015). The project employed data from the Police Performance Management database, Police Citizen Surveys (PCSs, 1999-2016), and Police Personnel Surveys (1999-2015). Methodologically, it relied on two different compounded annual growth rate concepts, linear regressions and likelihood ratio analyses. Findings The rate of growth of labor productivity was unaffected by the management reform period. In fact, productivity may have declined during the reform process. Citizens’ evaluations of police services have slightly deteriorated over the management reform period. Research limitations/implications PCS data are based on quota sampling. The procedure contains random sampling elements but is not fully random. The earliest PCS data lack satisfactory population weights, which is why unweighted data had to be used in this study. Originality/value Longitudinal studies on police productivity and, relatedly, on the cost disease phenomenon are rare. Yet, the themata are potentially very significant for both citizens and policy makers.
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Huque, Ahmed Shafiqul, and Patamawadee Jongruck. "Civil service reforms in Hong Kong and Thailand: similar goals, different paths." Public Administration and Policy 23, no. 2 (August 13, 2020): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pap-03-2020-0015.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the strategies of civil service reforms in Hong Kong and Thailand. It seeks to identify the drivers of reforms in the two cases and explain the divergence in processes that were intended to achieve similar ends.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts a case study approach along with a thorough review of the literature. It is based on secondary materials, including academic studies, government publications and websites, and media reports. It compares approaches, strategies and outcomes of civil service reforms in Hong Kong and Thailand.FindingsCivil service reforms in Hong Kong focused on improving management through the implementation of New Public Management (NPM) principles, while governance values were prominent in civil service reforms in Thailand.Originality/valueThis paper compares civil service reforms in two dissimilar Asian cases. It highlights the impact of global trends on traditional bureaucratic organizations and reform strategies, and recognizes the impacts of traditions, culture and capacity on civil service reforms.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Thorough reform"
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Milcetich, Paul F. PhD. "A Case Study of Post-DeRolph Public School Funding in Ohio: Authority Experiences on Financing Ohio's Schools in a“Thorough and Efficient” Manner." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1322506664.
Full textBooks on the topic "Thorough reform"
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Bauböck, Rainer, and Max Haller, eds. Dual Citizenship and Naturalisation. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/978oeaw87752.
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The toleration of dual citizenship has become a global trend as states try to retain ties to their emigrants or to encourage their immigrants to naturalise. This volume examines changes in state attitudes to dual citizenship and their social impact, zooming in from analyses of global dynamics to a series of country case studies that illustrate the variety of reasons and intentions behind dual citizenship reform. Finally, five chapters provide the most thorough analysis of the special Austrian case so far. They show the size of Austria’s untapped potential for naturalisation of immigrants, the incoherence of its citizenship policies at home and abroad and the need for a comprehensive reform.
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Scheipers, Sibylle. ‘The most beautiful of wars’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799047.003.0003.
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Clausewitz’s writings from the reform period combine themes that were central to his thought from his earliest texts and his correspondence, such as the value of the individual as the primary political agent. At the same time, they reflect a thorough engagement with the intellectual context of his time. In the Bekenntnisdenkschrift he presented a notion of war that emphasized its existential and emancipatory qualities. Clausewitz formulated his notion of war in its existential form against the backdrop of contemporary intellectual, political, and cultural discourses in Prussia and Germany more broadly. After the experience of the French Revolution’s descent into terror, the key question facing Clausewitz and his contemporaries was how to advance the liberation of the individual and society more broadly from traditional forms of political authority without risking a degeneration of all political institutions.
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Alpaugh, Micah. A Personal Revolution. Edited by David Andress. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199639748.013.011.
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The politics of 1789 cannot be understood without considering the psychology and group dynamics of France’s national legislators. Facing an unexpectedly large power vacuum at Versailles as the Estates-General commenced, Third Estate-led legislators would increasingly assert their own sovereignty and expand an agenda initially centred on financial reform into a thorough revolution of French politics and culture. Operating in dialogue with broader sets of revolutionary actors, both stimulating and reacting to outside changes, legislators forged a new rights-based order which virtually all agreed to support by late 1789. This process inspired a ‘personal revolution’ for many deputies: men who were previously pillars of Old Regime society broke with prior societal and emotional constraints to create the most radical revolution yet seen. Understanding the first National Assembly requires comprehending the backgrounds and experiences of its 1200 members, and the stresses of the complex political and social processes which drove such events forward.
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Lause, Mark A. Equality. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040306.003.0006.
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This chapter examines the spiritualists' uniquely egalitarian sense of individual liberty that underlay their view of society and reform and reflected, in part, the relatively inclusive nature of the movement. Radical spiritualists—which, at least for a time, included most of them—believed that emancipation should lead beyond the absence of slavery toward black equality. They saw a complete and critical reexamination of U.S. policy toward the Indians as inseparable from emancipation and black equality. Having always advocated women's rights on one level, they became increasingly predisposed to a practical egalitarianism. The chapter first considers how spiritualism became a kind of secularist Western Christianity before turning to spiritualists' discussion of race, gender, and racial equality, their views on slavery and emancipation, and their special kinship with Native Americans. It also looks at how the Civil War unfolded into a struggle for slave liberation while also emancipating a radicalism in the Republican Party with a heavy dose of social radicalism and persistent calls for a thorough reconstruction of American civilization.
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Moser, Carolyn. Accountability in EU Security and Defence. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844815.001.0001.
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This book offers the first comprehensive legal analysis and empirical study of accountability concerning the EU’s peacebuilding endeavours—also referred to as civilian crisis management. Since 2003, the EU has launched more than twenty civilian missions under the CSDP in conflict-torn regions in Eastern Europe, the Western Balkan, sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and South East Asia with the aim of restoring stability and security. Mission mandates cover a broad range of multidimensional tasks, such as border monitoring, rule of law support, police training, law enforcement capacity building, and security sector reform. In light of these numbers and tasks and given (recent) alarming insights from practice, it begs the question who is accountable (to whom) for the EU’s manifold extraterritorial peacebuilding activities. With a view to answering this question, this book combines tools of legal scholarship with insights from political science research, both in analytical and conceptual terms. The thorough analysis of the law and practice of political, legal, and administrative accountability in civilian CSDP leads to the following conclusion: when scrutinizing the institutional and procedural framework set out by law, the accountability assessment is sobering, but when approaching it from a practice angle, the verdict is promising—in particular as regards accountability at the EU level.
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Becker, Ulrich, and Anastasia Poulou, eds. European Welfare State Constitutions after the Financial Crisis. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851776.001.0001.
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At a time when Europe is in the grip of a new crisis, it is especially useful to look back at the experiences of the European welfare states’ constitutions during the most recent financial crisis. This book provides unique insights by analysing social protection reforms undertaken in nine European countries, from both a social law and a constitutional law perspective. It highlights the mixture of short-term cuts in benefits and of structural changes in social protection schemes. The crisis might have helped to further the partial and temporary implementation of reforms, but it certainly cannot spare us from the debates and political compromises that are unavoidable in order to reform social protection thoughtfully and thoroughly. Moreover, the book records the outcome of relevant constitutional review proceedings and thereby demonstrates that, even if corrections remained restricted to relatively few cases, social rights matter. The financial crisis advanced their protection one step further, but left many questions open. One lesson is of paramount importance, also for helping us overcome the current pandemic crisis: we need a substantial and commonly accepted agreement in the Europe Union on how to balance the economy and social protection in the future.
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Steinberg, Marc I. Rethinking Securities Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197583142.001.0001.
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Rethinking Securities Law focuses on a very important and timely subject that merits comprehensive analysis: “rethinking” the securities laws, with particular emphasis on the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The system of securities regulation that prevails today in the United States is one that has been formed through piecemeal federal legislation, Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) invocation of its administrative authority, and self-regulatory organization episodic action. As a consequence, the presence of consistent and logical regulation all too often is lacking. In both transactional and litigation settings, with frequency, mandates apply that are erratic and antithetical to sound public policy. Over four decades ago, the American Law Institute (ALI) adopted the ALI Federal Securities Code. The Code has not been enacted by Congress and its prospects are dim. Since that time, no treatise, monograph, or other source has comprehensively focused on this meritorious subject. The objective of this book is to identify the deficiencies that exist under the current regimen, address their failings, provide recommendations for rectifying these deficiencies, and set forth a thorough analysis for remediation in order to prescribe a consistent and sound securities law framework. By undertaking this challenge, the book provides an original and valuable resource for effectuating necessary law reform that should prove beneficial to the integrity of the U.S. capital markets, effective and fair government and private enforcement, and the enhancement of investor protection.
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Miles, Joanna, Rob George, and Sonia Harris-Short. Family Law. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198811848.001.0001.
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All books in this flagship series contain carefully selected substantial extracts from key cases, legislation, and academic debate, providing able students with a stand-alone resource. Drawing on extensive experience, the authors offer a detailed and authoritative exposition of family law illustrated by materials carefully selected from a wide range of sources. The book’s principal aims are to provide readers with a thorough understanding of family law, in a way that stimulates critical reflection. Readers are encouraged to consider how and why the law has developed as it has, what policies it is seeking to pursue, whether it achieves the right balance between the rights and interests of individual family members and the wider public interest, and how it operates in practice. This edition provides updates and revised discussion on: civil partnership after R (Steinfeld and Keidan) (2018); divorce law following Owens v Owens (2018) and the government’s consultation on reform; domestic abuse, including consultation ahead of the draft Domestic Abuse Bill and forced marriage; rights under the ECHR and UNCRC in children proceedings; surrogacy following Re Z (A Child) (No 2) (2016); child arrangements orders; specific issue and prohibited steps orders, including relocation law; local authority voluntary accommodation following Williams v London Borough of Hackney (2018). There is a new chapter dedicated to property and financial issues after the breakdown of relationships other than marriage and civil partnership. The introductory chapter, supported by materials on the Online Resources, considers some of the contemporary challenges faced by the family justice system.
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Clark, Uriah. Plain Guide to Spiritualism: A hand-book for skeptics, inquirers, clergymen, believers, lecturers, mediums, editors, and all who need a thorough guide ... religion and reforms of modern spiritualism. Adamant Media Corporation, 2005.
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Green, Frederik H., ed. The Cultural Indigenization of a Soviet “Red Classic” Hero. Hong Kong University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888390892.003.0008.
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This chapter traces the reception of Nicholas Ostrovskii’s socialist-realist classic How the Steel was Tempered (Kak zakalialas’ stal,’ 1934) in China, from its first appearance in the late 1930s through the ideology-driven first decades of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) until the present. This chapter further explores the many roles attributed to the novel’s protagonist Pavel Korchagin, from war-hero and popular icon of the Mao era to unlikely role model during the reform period and, finally, symbol of nostalgia in post-socialist China. By illustrating how the novel has been thoroughly indigenized and become inseparable both from China’s revolutionary history as well as its popular culture, this chapter comments on the discursive complexity of this unlikely Red Classic and its afterlife in China.
Book chapters on the topic "Thorough reform"
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Asante, Mark, and Thomas Prehi Botchway. "Shielding Members of Parliament Against Court Summons." In Advancing Civil Justice Reform and Conflict Resolution in Africa and Asia, 210–29. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7898-8.ch012.
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Immunities, though part of the law of the land, are to a certain extent an exemption from the general law. Certain rights and immunities such as freedom of speech belong primarily to individual members of parliament and exist because the House cannot perform its functions without unimpeded use of the services of its members. Ostensibly, the degree to which members of parliament are immune from legal inquiry may presumably accord them greater probability to abuse their mandate. In general, a court summons is the beginning of a legal case. It signals the issue that needs to be adjudicated. However, the introduction of immunity invalidates some tenets of modern democracy such as a court summons. The authors seek to examine some of the uncertainties and ambiguities that might have arisen out of the court decision in the case Republic v Mahama Ayariga with much consideration of other cases. The chapter provides a thorough picture of the systems of parliamentary immunity and recommends ways of curbing observed challenges with the practice.
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Hayward, Andrew. "2. Relationships between Adults: Marriage, Civil Partnerships, and Cohabitation." In Family Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198749653.003.0002.
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This chapter explores the historical development and modern statutory framework applicable to adult formalised and non-formalised relationships. It attempts to instil a thorough understanding of the key principles applicable to the formation and subsequent regulation of these relationships. Owing to the rapid change in family forms and the growing legal recognition of same-sex relationships, the statutory framework has evolved. The chapter assess how far these frameworks have successfully accommodated modern family forms and whether further reform is required. Topics discussed include the evolution of marriage; the formal recognition of same-sex relationships; legal consequences and formalities for entry into marriage; the legal consequences of nullity; civil partnerships; and cohabitation.
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Hoffer, Peter Charles, and Williamjames Hull Hoffer. "“The Worst Instrument of Arbitrary Power”." In The Clamor of Lawyers, 16–39. Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501726071.003.0002.
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George Grenville’s program of “reform” was first and foremost a legal one—a thorough review of colonial law, the enforcement of old laws and the passage of new laws adapted from older models. It was thus natural and proper for revolutionary lawyers in the making to take the lead in protesting these laws, at least insofar as they seemed a break with precedent as well as sound policy. It was natural and proper as well for lawyers attached to the crown interest to defend Grenville’s policies, for surely Parliament, which Grenville led, was a legitimate source of new legislation. Thus the lawyers on both sides of the issue joined combat in the court of public opinion.
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Looney, Kristen E. "The Role of Rural Institutions and State Campaigns in Development." In Mobilizing for Development, 14–48. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501748844.003.0002.
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This chapter discusses the role of rural institutions and state campaigns in development. Most accounts of rural development in East Asia privilege the role of land reform and the emergence of developmental states. However, this narrative is incomplete. A thorough examination of rural sector change in the region reveals the transformative effects of rural modernization campaigns, which can be defined as policies demanding high levels of bureaucratic and popular mobilization to overhaul traditional ways of life in the countryside. East Asian governments' use of campaigns runs counter to standard portrayals of the developmental state as wholly technocratic and demonstrates that rural development was not the inevitable result of industrialization. Rather, it was an intentional policy goal accomplished with techniques that aligned more with Maoism or Leninism than with market principles or careful economic management. The chapter begins by assessing common explanations for East Asian rural development in the post-World War II period. It then turns to the case of China and explores some of the reasons for rural policy failures in the Mao era (1949–1976) and successes in the reform era (1978–present). Finally, the chapter revisits the case of Japan and concludes with a few points about why existing theories of state-led development need to be reexamined.
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Burman, Michele, Kathryn Dawson, Lauren McDougall, Karen Morton, and Fatemeh Nokhbatolfoghahai. "Building Authentic Partnerships for Responding to Gender-Based Violence in Universities." In Collaborating for Change, 173–99. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190071820.003.0008.
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This chapter critically discusses the importance of coalition-building in challenging gender-based violence (GBV) in universities and for laying the groundwork to facilitate and support cultural transformation in the complex and risk-averse environment of higher education. Drawing on the example of a cross-institutional, multipartner coalition initiated by student organizations in collaboration with security, service, and academic staff in two Scottish universities, local service providers, and police, this chapter critically discusses the tensions encountered and challenges posed in creating a “whole-university” approach to preventing and responding to GBV. In so doing, it highlights the centrality of student leadership for developing an informed response and driving forward meaningful change and the importance of internal/external partnerships for prevention work, root and branch reform of university policies and practices, the provision of training and awareness-raising, and the delivery of a thorough institutionalized response to tackling GBV.
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Kosmin, Leslie, and Catherine Roberts. "Commentary on the Provisions of the Companies Act 2006, Part 13, Sections 281 to 361." In Company Meetings and Resolutions. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832744.003.0029.
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The Companies Act 2006 (CA 2006), which on enactment contained over 1,300 sections, 47 Parts and 16 Schedules, received the Royal Assent on 8 November 2006. The preamble to CA 2006 states that it is ‘An Act to reform company law and restate the greater part of the enactments relating to companies; to make other provision relating to companies and other forms of business organisation; to make provision about directors’ disqualification, business names, auditors and actuaries; to amend Part 9 of the Enterprise Act 2002; and for connected purposes.’ This legislation was the result of a thorough review and overhaul of the statutory provisions affecting registered companies and it replaced all the provisions of the Companies Act 1985 (CA 1985) and other associated statutes. Since November 2006 further additions and amendments have been made to the CA 2006; this is testament to the proposition that the law is ever-evolving to meet new situations and challenges.
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Davis, Michael T., James Epstein, Jack Fruchtman, and Mary Thale. "Address to the nation, from the London Corresponding Society, on the subject of a thorough parliamentary reform ... held on Monday, the 8th of July, 1793 (1793)." In London Corresponding Society, 1792–1799, 105–15. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003192640-11.
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Diefendorf, Barbara B. "Old Orders in New Times." In Planting the Cross, 15–42. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190887025.003.0002.
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This chapter traces the story of three convents caught up in the religious wars that devastated Montpellier in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The southern city fell into Protestant hands on the eve of France’s Wars of Religion and remained largely under Protestant control until 1622. Catholic religious life was thoroughly undermined by the repeated expulsions and destruction of property that resulted from the conflicts. This was especially hard on nuns, who, having lost their homes and income, also lost the prestige and sanctity of religious enclosure. Living under wartime conditions that made it difficult to observe their rule, they were unable to recruit new members, much less to enact reforms needed to raise the standards of community life. At the wars’ end, the bishop established convents of Visitandines and Ursulines, reformed orders then gaining popularity elsewhere in France, instead of helping the old orders to reform and rebuild.
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Manis, R. Zachary. "Addendum." In Sinners in the Presence of a Loving God, 67–92. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190929251.003.0004.
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There is currently a growing movement among some Christian philosophers to defend Reformed/Calvinist theological commitments with analytical precision and rigor. A number of the characteristic commitments of Reformed theology bear importantly on the problem of hell; the most important of these is theological determinism, which, when combined with a rejection of universalism, raises a host of serious problems. In addition to exacerbating concerns about divine justice and love, there are at least two doxastic problems that are unique to Calvinism. First is the problem of faith: a necessary condition of faith is trust, but a thorough understanding of the implications of Calvinist theology would seem to undermine one’s grounds for reasonably trusting God. Second is the problem of hope: Calvinism is incompatible with at least one of the deepest hopes of the Christian faith, while encouraging another hope that is thoroughly unedifying, and perhaps even despairing.
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Brontë, Emily. "Chapter VII." In Wuthering Heights. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780198834786.003.0009.
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Cathy stayed at Thrushcross Grange five weeks, till Christmas. By that time her ankle was thoroughly cured, and her manners much improved. The mistress visited her often, in the interval, and commenced her plan of reform by trying to raise her self-respect with fine...
Conference papers on the topic "Thorough reform"
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ÁVILA CERÓN, Carlos Alberto, Ignacio DE LOS RÍOS-CARMENADO, Maria RIVERA, and Susana MARTÍN. "RURAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING IN COLOMBIA’S CONFLICT ZONES: A PROPOSAL FROM THE WWP MODEL." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.085.
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During the past fifty years, Colombia has endured an internal armed conflict. It has left as a result massive forced displacements, destruction of the social capital and indiscriminate logging of forests in regions affected by illicit crops and a strong presence of illegal armed groups supported by drug trafficking. In spite of a number of national policies and programs against illicit crops, the issue still persists, along with all the social implications it carries with. This paper presents a model for planning rural development projects in regions with illicit crops. The methodology applied is based on the model "Working With People (WWP)" and integrates the knowledge and experience gathered throughout the implementation of various projects in the region of La Macarena, Colombia. It takes into account eight years of continuous work with the communities, in one of the areas of greatest social unrest in Colombia, due to illicit crops, on-going criminal activity and violence by illegal armed groups and a weak presence of State institutions. Some of the factors hindering successful advancement of rural development policies include the breakdown of the social fabric, deterioration of moral values, family disintegration and lack of confidence. The conceptual framework applied integrates elements from policy analysis and social learning (Friedmann, 1991; Cazorla et al., 2015), proposed as a reaction from traditional and ineffective social reform models (Friedmann, 1991) developed in this type of scenarios. Following a thorough review of rural development planning theories regarding illicit crops areas, we carried out an analysis of the experience in the Macarena region under the WWP model. The results show the effects of the WWP model and the necessity to develop a strategy for the eradication of illicit crops in a post-conflict scenario, taking into account various social variables. Findings denote a greater relevance of the ethical-social and political-contextual dimensions in terms of sustainable rural development. Trust building, the enhancement of social relationships and direct interaction with target communities are the basic factors to the reconstruction of the social fabric and value systems, fostering sustainable rural development and stabilization.
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Koevski, Goran, Borka Tushevska Gavrilovikj, and Darko Spasevki. "THE CONCEPT OF LENIENCY IN REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA." In International Jean Monnet Module Conference of EU and Comparative Competition Law Issues "Competition Law (in Pandemic Times): Challenges and Reforms. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18814.
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The concept of "leniency" in competition law, or better known as the "leniency programme", has proven to be an extremely important instrument in fighting unfair competition. In the Republic of Northern Macedonia (hereinafter RNM), this concept of suppressing or reducing unfair competition, more or less, exists solely as a law conception. Nowadays, when the EU discusses the impact of the global crisis and the Coronavirus pandemic on the level of utilization of ”leniency programme", this concept is still unknown or not a well-known concept for business sector in RNM. The main focus of this article is “leniency programme” in RNM. The key questions that we aim to answer here, are: whether and to what extent this instrument is predicted in Macedonian competition law? Is it predicted only as a law category, or it has practical implications too? Although this research refers to RNM, we strongly believe that a thorough study of “leniency” requires exploration of European conception of “leniency” too. For that purpose, we use relevant EU legislation, as well as practice. Thus, our main goal is to consider the position of RNM towards “leniency” and bring into relation to the Macedonian competition law. We base our hypothetical framework on the assumption that the applicability of “leniency programme” in RNM is at the lowest level. Furthermore, that the undertakings are not interested in applying “leniency”. This situation is partly due to the lack of information, the complexity of the application procedure, as well as other factors that are related not only to the attitude of the executive of undertakings, but more to the general economic circumstances, economic development, the market size of goods and services, etc. Using the analytical-descriptive method, the comparative method, and the method of analysis and synthesis, we’ll elaborate the situation in RNM regarding this issue, and we will present our views considering the questions: whether certain measures should be taken regarding „leniency program“, and what should be done to boost the use of this program in the Macedonian business sector.
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Ozalp, Nesrin. "Energy Process-Step Model of Hydrogen Production in the US Chemical Industry." In ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54121.
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This paper gives a representative energy process-step model of hydrogen production in the U.S. Chemical Industry based on federal data. There have been prior efforts to create energy process-step models for other industries. However, among all manufacturing industries, creating energy flow models for the U.S. Chemical Industry is the most challenging one due to the complexity of this industry. This paper gives concise comparison of earlier studies and provides thorough description of the methodology to develop energy process-step model for hydrogen production in the U.S. Chemical Industry. Results of the energy process-step model of hydrogen production in the U.S. Chemical Industry show that steam allocations among the end-uses are: 68% to process cooling (steam injection to product combustion gases), 25% to process heating, and 7% to other process use (CO2 converter). The model also shows that the major energy consuming step in hydrogen production is the reformer, which consumes approximately 16 PJ fuel. During the course of this study, the most recent U.S. federal energy database available was for the year 1998. Currently, the most recent available U.S. federal energy database is given for the year 2002 based on the data collected from 15,500 establishments.
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Lu, C. X., C. C. Wang, C. K. Sung, and Paul C. P. Chao. "Dynamic Analysis of a Motion Transformer Mimicking a Hula Hoop." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86378.
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Hula-hoop motion refers to the spinning of a ring around a human body; it is made possible by the interactive force between the moving ring and the body. Inspired by the generic concept of hula-hoop motion, this study proposes a novel motion transformer design that consists of a main mass sprung in one translational direction and a free-moving mass attached at one end of a rod, the other end of which is hinged onto the center of the main mass. It is expected that the transformer is capable of transforming linear reciprocating motion into rotational motion. In addition, the transformer could be integrated with coils, magnets, and electric circuits to form a portable energy scavenging device. A thorough dynamic analysis of the proposed transformer system is conducted in this study in order to characterize the relationships between the varied system parameters and the chance of hula-hoop motion occurrence. The governing equations are first derived by using Lagrange’s Method, which is followed by the search for steady-state solutions and the corresponding stability analysis via the homotopy perturbation method and Floquet theory. Direct numerical simulation is simultaneously performed to verify the correctness of the approximate analysis. In this manner, the feasibility of the proposed design and the occurrence criteria of hula-hoop motion are assessed.
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Barchewitz, Lukas P., and Joerg R. Seume. "Dynamic Modelling and Controls of an Air Supply System for In-Flight Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEM-FC)." In ASME Turbo Expo 2007: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2007-27900.
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To cover the increasing demand of on-board electrical power and for further reduction of emissions, the conventional auxiliary power unit (APU) may be replaced by a fuel cell system with an expected efficiency increase of 25% to 50% when compared to start-of-the-art GT-APU. The main components of an in-flight FC system are a compressor-turbine unit, a kerosene reformer, and the fuel cell. Polymer exchange membrane fuel cells (PEM-FC) may be favored because of their currently advanced level of development, their high power density and the available liquid water in the cathode-off gases which can be used as service water on-board. Transient requirements may have significant impact on system design and operating range and will therefore be addressed in this paper. During in-flight operation, air has to be compressed from the ambient to a pressure near standard conditions, which allows the application of state-of-the-art PEM-FC and ensures a constant power density independent from the operating altitude. A centrifugal compressor is chosen for pressurization of the system and is powered by a radial turbine, which allows autonomous operation at cruising altitude without external power. For off-design operation and transients, electric support from the PEM-FC is necessary, see [1]. The radial turbine itself is run by the hot exhaust gases from a post-combustor using the remaining energy in the cathode off-gases. A thorough trade-off between suitable compressor techniques for the air supply system was carried out in [1]. Turbomachinery revealed to be favourable for the PEM air supply system due to their low specific weight and high efficiency. The air supply system resembles the turbocharger for a combustion engine (Fig. 1), which represents a good starting point for a successful integration into the flight environment and further development due to known technology. Based on a turbomachinery design which satisfies the system requirements, the dynamic behavior of the air supply system is analyzed when coupled to the PEM fuel cell. The main focus is on the detection of sensitive system parameters causing system response delay or critical operating conditions. The present paper suggests system features, turbomachinery design parameters and controller types which achieve inherent stability and fast response of the air supply system throughout the entire flight envelope.
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Templalexis, Ioannis, Vasilios Pachidis, and Azamar Hasani. "Comparative Assessment of Fouling Scenarios in an Axial Flow Compressor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-14393.
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Abstract It is commonly accepted that fouling degrades severely axial compressor performance. Deposits build up throughout the compressor’s operating life, causing a decrease in its delivery pressure, efficiency and flow capacity. Researchers have also concluded that the presence of wet contaminants and/or high air humidity, plus the quality of air filtration systems, have a far greater impact on fouling rates, than engine specific fouling susceptibility factors [1]. The size of airborne particles ingested into the engine is primarily controlled by the presence of a filtration system. On the other hand, the particle deposition rate and the fouling patterns formed on the blade surfaces are greatly affected by the “stickiness” of the blade surfaces which in turn is affected by the moisture level of the incoming air. Compressor geometry, size and operating point would affect far less the rate of contaminants built up on the wetted surfaces and they would affect even less the exact location on compressor walls and blade surfaces. The current study identifies four basic operating scenarios which refer to the same compressor, in order to put forward a comparative assessment as to how the factors mentioned above, affect the compressor performance through the fouling mechanism. Scenarios were formed out of the possible combinations regarding the presence of a filtration system and the level of humidity. These were: i) Filtered - dry air, ii) Filtered - humid air, iii) Unfiltered - dry air, and iv) Unfiltered - humid air. These scenarios will eventually reproduce four completely different situations regarding the quality of the incoming air and subsequently, four different fouling regimes for the compressor operating downstream. Data to support the impact of each reported incoming air condition on compressor wetted surfaces, are based on experimental findings collected from a thorough literature review. A fixed operating period was set for all cases. Prescribed requirements of the computational tool selected to build the compressor model were; i) low computational power since several runs had to be performed in order to cover the assumed time period, and ii) ability to introduce the imprint of various fouling patterns on compressor blades, into the performance of the compressor. SOCRATES, an in-house two-dimensional, streamline curvature-based, through-flow computational tool, meets these requirements and it was used for this study. A fully customizable empirical model, recently introduced in the code, takes into account various aspects of fouling such as the surface roughness level, the flow blockage and the altered deviation angle at the exit of the blade row. A coverage factor was introduced which takes into account the location and the extent of fouling onto the blade surfaces.