Academic literature on the topic 'Threat of premature birth'
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Journal articles on the topic "Threat of premature birth"
1
Laba, O. V. "Placental dysfunction in women at risk and threat of premature delivery." Reproductive health of woman, no. 4 (August 17, 2022): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.30841/2708-8731.4.2022.262791.
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Premature birth remains one of the most urgent problems of modern obstetrics. It is not possible to reliably establish the cause in 70–80% of premature births, so the search for risk factors and markers of premature termination of pregnancy is justified. According to many authors, 25–30% of women at risk of premature birth have placental dysfunction.The objective: was to assess the prevalence of placental dysfunction in women at risk of preterm birth and with preterm birth.Materials and methods. 80 pregnant women were under observation. The criteria for inclusion in the study were the presence of risk factors for premature birth – Group I (30 women) or the threat of premature birth – Group II (30 women). The control group consisted of 20 conditionally healthy pregnant women. Transabdominal ultrasound examination with color Doppler mapping, determination of free estriol, progesterone and placental lactogen levels in blood serum was performed at 18–21+6 and 28–30 weeks of gestation.Results. The average age of the patients was 31.4±2.5 years, there was no significant difference in age, life history, social status, somatic pathology between the formed groups. Pregnant women of groups I and II probably had a history of pelvic inflammatory disease more often than in controls; colpitis; sexually transmitted infections; pathology of the cervix and operations on the uterus and appendages. The course of this pregnancy in most of the women of the studied cohort was complicated by the threat of termination of pregnancy, 36.7% of pregnant women of the I group and 46.7% of the II group had premature births. Signs of premature ripening of the placenta were detected in 13 (43.3%) pregnant women of the experimental cohort and in 1 (5.0%) of the control group (Р<0.0001), which was accompanied by changes in parameters during dopplerometry of utero-placental blood flow. Clinical manifestations of placental dysfunction occurred in 36.7% of patients in the risk group of premature birth and pregnant women with a threat of premature birth, and were manifested by a decrease in the level of progesterone, a plateau in the increase in the level of placental lactogen. Morphological signs of placental dysfunction were found in 43.3% of cases of premature birth, which correlates with the frequency of early complications of pregnancy, primarily with the formation of retrochorial hematoma.Conclusions. Clinical manifestations of placental dysfunction (fetal growth retardation, preeclampsia) occur in a third of patients of the risk group and pregnant women with a threat of premature birth, which correlates with changes in the hormone-producing function of the placenta.
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Laba, O. V., and V. I. Pyrohova. "Study of the state of the vaginal microbiota in women with risk and threat of preterm birth." Reproductive health of woman, no. 5 (October 7, 2022): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30841/2708-8731.5.2022.265477.
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The objective: to compare the state of the vaginal microbiota in women with risk of preterm birth and threat of preterm birth.Materials and methods. The study involved 150 pregnant women. The inclusion criteria for the study were the presence of risk factors for preterm birth – I group (80 women) or the threat of preterm birth – II group (70 women). The control group consisted of 20 conditionally healthy pregnant women. Ultrasound (transvaginal) examination and assessment of the state of the vaginal microbiota were carried out at 17-21+6 weeks of gestation in pregnant women in the I group and during hospitalization with a confirmed threat of pregnancy interruption at 22-35+6 weeks in pregnant women in the II group. The exclusion criterion was premature rupture of membranes confirmed by the Actium Prom test. Observation of pregnant women of the studied cohort continued until the end of pregnancy.To assess the state of the vaginal microbiota, the determination of the pH of the vaginal content, molecular biological, and bacterioscopic methods were used.Results. Bacterial vaginosis and mixed vaginitis were diagnosed in patients with a threat of premature birth significantly more often than in healthy pregnant women and pregnant women in the I group, and, accordingly, there was a much smaller rate of pregnant women with the 1st degree of vaginal cleanliness among the patients with a threat of premature birth .The frequency of detection of anaerobic dysbiosis was the highest among pregnant women in the II group with the threat of premature birth (34.3 %) compared to the pregnant women in the I group (21.3 %). Aerobic dysbiosis (aerobic vaginitis) was diagnosed only in pregnant women with a threat of premature birth (11.4 %). In the presence of dysbiotic and inflammatory changes in the microbiota of the vagina, there is a high risk of premature birth – OR=2.962 (95% CI: 1.32–6.645), while for pregnant women in the risk group of premature birth it is OR=8.120 (95% CI: 2.149 –30.686), and for pregnant women with an existing threat of premature birth – OR=10.133 (95% CI: 3.149–32.604). Candida non.albicans was mainly found in the patients with recurrent episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis before pregnancy.Conclusions. Anaerobic and mixed dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota is one of the risk factors for spontaneous and threatening premature births, which requires the development of diagnostic and therapeutic measures to prevent premature termination of pregnancy.
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O.V., Laba. "PLACENTAL DYSFUNCTION IN WOMEN AT RISK AND THREAT OF PREMATURE DELIVERY." Reproductive Health of Woman, no. 4 (June 30, 2022): 48–51. https://doi.org/10.30841/2708-8731.4.2022.262791.
Full textAbstract:
Premature birth remains one of the most urgent problems of modern obstetrics. It is not possible to reliably establish the cause in 70–80% of premature births, so the search for risk factors and markers of premature termination of pregnancy is justified. According to many authors, 25–30% of women at risk of premature birth have placental dysfunction. <em><strong>The objective:</strong></em> was to assess the prevalence of placental dysfunction in women at risk of preterm birth and with preterm birth. <em><strong>Materials and methods.</strong> </em>80 pregnant women were under observation. The criteria for inclusion in the study were the presence of risk factors for premature birth – Group I (30 women) or the threat of premature birth – Group II (30 women). The control group consisted of 20 conditionally healthy pregnant women. Transabdominal ultrasound examination with color Doppler mapping, determination of free estriol, progesterone and placental lactogen levels in blood serum was performed at 18–21+6 and 28–30 weeks of gestation. <em><strong>Results.</strong></em> The average age of the patients was 31.4±2.5 years, there was no significant difference in age, life history, social status, somatic pathology between the formed groups. Pregnant women of groups I and II probably had a history of pelvic inflammatory disease more often than in controls; colpitis; sexually transmitted infections; pathology of the cervix and operations on the uterus and appendages. The course of this pregnancy in most of the women of the studied cohort was complicated by the threat of termination of pregnancy, 36.7% of pregnant women of the I group and 46.7% of the II group had premature births. Signs of premature ripening of the placenta were detected in 13 (43.3%) pregnant women of the experimental cohort and in 1 (5.0%) of the control group (Р<0.0001), which was accompanied by changes in parameters during dopplerometry of utero-placental blood flow. Clinical manifestations of placental dysfunction occurred in 36.7% of patients in the risk group of premature birth and pregnant women with a threat of premature birth, and were manifested by a decrease in the level of progesterone, a plateau in the increase in the level of placental lactogen. Morphological signs of placental dysfunction were found in 43.3% of cases of premature birth, which correlates with the frequency of early complications of pregnancy, primarily with the formation of retrochorial hematoma. <em><strong>Conclusions.</strong> </em>Clinical manifestations of placental dysfunction (fetal growth retardation, preeclampsia) occur in a third of patients of the risk group and pregnant women with a threat of premature birth, which correlates with changes in the hormone-producing function of the placenta.
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O.V., Laba, and Pyrohova V.I. "STUDY OF THE STATE OF THE VAGINAL MICROBIOTA IN WOMEN WITH RISK AND THREAT OF PRETERM BIRTH." Reproductive Health of Woman, no. 5 (July 29, 2022): 39–44. https://doi.org/10.30841/2708-8731.5.2022.265477.
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<em>The objective:</em> to compare the state of the vaginal microbiota in women with risk of preterm birth and threat of preterm birth. <em>Materials and methods.</em> The study involved 150 pregnant women. The inclusion criteria for the study were the presence of risk factors for preterm birth – I group (80 women) or the threat of preterm birth – II group (70 women). The control group consisted of 20 conditionally healthy pregnant women. Ultrasound (transvaginal) examination and assessment of the state of the vaginal microbiota were carried out at 17-21+6 weeks of gestation in pregnant women in the I group and during hospitalization with a confirmed threat of pregnancy interruption at 22-35+6 weeks in pregnant women in the II group. The exclusion criterion was premature rupture of membranes confirmed by the Actium Prom test. Observation of pregnant women of the studied cohort continued until the end of pregnancy. To assess the state of the vaginal microbiota, the determination of the pH of the vaginal content, molecular biological, and bacterioscopic methods were used. <em>Results.</em> Bacterial vaginosis and mixed vaginitis were diagnosed in patients with a threat of premature birth significantly more often than in healthy pregnant women and pregnant women in the I group, and, accordingly, there was a much smaller rate of pregnant women with the 1st degree of vaginal cleanliness among the patients with a threat of premature birth . The frequency of detection of anaerobic dysbiosis was the highest among pregnant women in the II group with the threat of premature birth (34.3 %) compared to the pregnant women in the I group (21.3 %). Aerobic dysbiosis (aerobic vaginitis) was diagnosed only in pregnant women with a threat of premature birth (11.4 %). In the presence of dysbiotic and inflammatory changes in the microbiota of the vagina, there is a high risk of premature birth – OR=2.962 (95% CI: 1.32–6.645), while for pregnant women in the risk group of premature birth it is OR=8.120 (95% CI: 2.149 –30.686), and for pregnant women with an existing threat of premature birth – OR=10.133 (95% CI: 3.149–32.604). Candida non.albicans was mainly found in the patients with recurrent episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis before pregnancy. <em>Conclusions.</em> Anaerobic and mixed dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota is one of the risk factors for spontaneous and threatening premature births, which requires the development of diagnostic and therapeutic measures to prevent premature termination of pregnancy.
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Laba, O. V., and V. I. Pyrohova. "Clinical assessment of the placenta function in women at risk and threat of premature delivery." Reproductive health of woman, no. 7 (October 31, 2023): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30841/2708-8731.7.2023.292602.
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Premature birth, despite the significant achievements of perinatal medicine in recent decades, remains an urgent global and national medical and social problem, as it is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. According to modern views, placental dysfunction can be one of the causes of premature birth, and its frequency, according to randomized studies, can be from 78 to 91%, depending on the gestational age. At the same time, the research conducted to date does not provide a clear understanding of the role of timely diagnosis and prevention of placental dysfunction in preventing premature birth.The objective: to perform clinical evaluation of the prevalence of placental dysfunction in women at risk of preterm birth and with threat of preterm birth.Materials and methods. 180 pregnant women were took part in the study. To achieve the research aim, three research groups were formed. I group – 73 pregnant women with threat of premature birth; II group – 77 pregnant women with risk factors for premature birth. Women with risk factors for premature birth were included in the study at the stage of pregnancy planning (IIA subgroup, 39 women) or from the moment of applying to a women’s outpatient clinic to monitor the course of pregnancy (IIB subgroup, 38 pregnant women). The control group included 30 pregnant women with an uncomplicated course of pregnancy.Transabdominal ultrasound examination with color Doppler mapping, determination of free estriol, progesterone and placental lactogen levels in blood serum were performed at 18–21+6 and 28–30 weeks of gestation.Results. Analysis of the prevalence of risk factors for placental dysfunction and preterm birth in patients of the studied cohort showed that in pregnant women with preterm birth (I group), the combination of risk factors was 5.2; in pregnant women who received pre-gravid training (IIA subgroup) – 3.2; in pregnant women who were included in the study in the I trimester of pregnancy (IIB subgroup) – 4.7, while in pregnant women of the control group – only 0.8 (p<0.05).The threat of early spontaneous miscarriage with the formation of a retrochorial hematoma as a clinical manifestation of primary placental dysfunction was determined in 43.8% of pregnant women whose premature delivery was carried out for medical reasons. Placenta abruption in these patients can be considered as decompensation of the primary dysfunction of the placenta with the transition to acute placental insufficiency.The formation of chronic placental dysfunction, clinically manifested by the syndrome of fetal growth retardation, was most often observed in patients whose pregnancy ended in spontaneous premature birth at 34–36+6 weeks in the presence of an untouched amnion, – 68.6% compared to births at 28–33+6 weeks of gestation – 25.9% and with childbirth at 22–37+6 weeks – 13.3%.Conclusions. Clinical manifestations of placental dysfunction were detected in 30.6% of patients with premature birth, with morphological signs in 60.4% of cases, which indicates the hidden course of placental insufficiency before the development of premature birth.Morphological signs of placental dysfunction were determined in 87.5% of cases of premature births for medical reasons and in 100.0% of cases of spontaneous births at 22–27+6 weeks of gestation (with a combination of risk factors from 2.1 to 3.0), in 66.7% – with premature births at 28–33+6 weeks of pregnancy, in 40.0% – with premature births at 34–36+6 weeks of pregnancy and only in one (5.6%) case – with term births.The frequency of fixation of morphological characteristics of placental dysfunction correlates with the frequency of early pregnancy complications, primarily with the formation of retrochorial hematomas in the first half of pregnancy.
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Zhuk, S., and O. Schurevska. "Threat of premature birth: psycho-social aspects." HEALTH OF WOMAN, no. 6(112) (July 29, 2016): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2016.112.86.
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The objective: to study the psychological characteristics of women’s status in one of the most common complications of pregnancy - the threat of termination of pregnancy, depending on the level of stress load. Patients and methods. We have studied the psychological status (the Holmes-Rahe level of psychosocial stress, the Spielberg-Hanin level of anxiety, V.I.Dobryakov’s related to a pregnancy test, diagnosis of psychological defense mechanisms, assessment of quality of life) 60 pregnant women with threat of premature birth in the third trimester of pregnancy. Surveyed women were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included 30 pregnant women – forced migrant of Donetsk and Lugansk area and 2 group – 30 pregnant women who resided in Kiev. Results. At the same clinical picture of the threat of premature birth we detected discrepancy between the subjective assessment of their condition in women – forced migrants: a high level of situational and personal anxiety, decrease in physical (physical functioning, role-physical functioning) and psychological (social functioning, role emotional functioning) health, doubtful and pathological subtypes of gestational dominant. This creates prerequisites for complications of pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum future period and requires the participation of psychologists in the work with this category of patients. Conclusion. So, revealed a discrepancy between the objective clinical signs similar obstetric pathology (on the example of threatened abortion) in pregnant women with different levels of stress load and their subjective evaluation of their condition that affects their psychological status. This should be reflected in individually tailored therapy and be mainstreamed into the work of obstetricians and gynecologists with these patients, and requires mandatory participation of psychologists in the work with this category of patients. Key words: pregnancy, the threat of premature birth, stress, psychological status.
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Susilowati, Erwin, Homsiatur Rohmatin, and Nova Hikmawati. "HUBUNGAN ANTARA PARITAS DENGAN KEJADIAN PARTUS PREMATURUS IMMINENS DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM SRIKANDI IBI JEMBER." NURSING UPDATE : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keperawatan P-ISSN : 2085-5931 e-ISSN : 2623-2871 15, no. 1 (2024): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.36089/nu.v15i1.1976.
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Imminent premature parturition (PPI) or the threat of premature birth is the presence of uterine contractions accompanied by changes in the cervix in the form of dilatation and efficiency before 37 weeks of gestation and can cause premature birth. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk and the correlation between parity and imminent premature parturition at the Srikandi IBI General Hospital, Jember. This research used a quantitative approach with a cross sectional approach, the total sampling used was October 2022-March 2023. There were 43 cases. The results showed that most of the patients had premature births, 30 (69.8%) of the respondents. The risk of occurrence of parity in the primipara category or having 1 child is as many as 26 (60.5%) respondents. Based on statistical tests using chi square, the results obtained were p-value = 0.860 (α> 0.05) indicating that there was no relationship between parity and the incidence of parturition prematurus imminens at Srikandi IBI General Hospital, Jember. Suggestions for midwifery services are to provide special attention related to the handling of deliveries with complications that require immediate action so as to reduce maternal and infant mortality rates.
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Fatkullin, Ildar F. "Premature birth. Successes and failures." Kazan medical journal 104, no. 5 (2023): 645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj595744.
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518% of pregnancies end in premature birth, defined as birth before 37weeks of gestation. Every year, 15,000,000babies are born prematurely worldwide, of which more than 1,000,000die due to complications associated with prematurity. Their contribution to neonatal and infant mortality is significant (70 and 36%, respectively). Premature birth is a syndrome characterized by many etiological factors, such as intra- and extrauterine infections, decreased excretion and decreased reception of progesterone, uterine overdistension, cervical factor, stress and a number of other, sometimes unknown, reasons. Over the past decade, some progress has been made in predicting and preventing spontaneous preterm birth. The main method for predicting and diagnosing the threat of premature birth is transvaginal ultrasound cervicometry in the second trimester of pregnancy (1424weeks). The length of the sonographically measured cervix is the most accurate prognostic criterion for assessing the risk of preterm birth, especially in pregnant women at risk (history of preterm birth). Vaginal administration of micronized progesterone reduces the risk of preterm birth in women with a short cervix. Diagnosis is based on taking into account clinical symptoms, cervical length and biochemical tests that determine placental proteins. Hospitalization in a perinatal center or levelIII institutions, which include intensive care units and the second stage of nursing newborns, serves as the basis for the effective organization of medical care for premature birth. When indications for surgical delivery are indicated, preference should be given to a cesarean section with the extraction of a low-weight fetus in the entire amniotic sac. The article also reflects the contribution of the staff of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology named after prof.V.S.Gruzdev of Kazan State Medical University in solving the problem of premature birth.
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NOSENKO, OM, and FO HANCHA. "ISCHEMIC PLACENTAL DISEASE IN LATE REPRODUCTIVE AGE WOMEN WITH PREGNANCY INDUCED IN AUTOLOGICAL AND DONOR CYCLES IN VITRO FERTILIZATION." Scientific digest of association of obstetricians and gynecologists of Ukraine, no. 2(48) (September 8, 2021): 49–55. https://doi.org/10.35278/2664-0767.2(48).2021.250975.
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Any problems during implantation and placentation during in vitro fertilization (IVF) can lead to changes in the production of vasculogenic and angiogenic factors that are associated with the development of ischemic placental disease (IPD) and major placental syndromes. The aim of the study was to detect manifestations of ischemic placental disease in women of late reproductive age with pregnancy induced in autologous and donor cycles of in vitro fertilization. Materials and methods. Based on the study of delivery histories, the results of pregnancies were retrospectively analyzed in 254 women of late reproductive age, including 201 patients with induced pregnancy of group I and 53 women with natural conception of group K. Among pregnant women of group I in 105 people (group IA) IVF was performed using autologous gametes and embryos (autologous IVF) and in 96 patients (group IB) - using donor gametes or embryos (donor IVF). Results and discussion. Among couples with donor IVF compared to autologous IVF 1.53 times more often registered ovarian factor (OR 2.17 [1.23-3.83]), 2.07 times - male factor (OR 3.27 [1.81-5.93]) and 2.31 times - combined forms of infertility (OR 4.22 [2.32-7.68]). Among the manifestations of IPD in patients of group I in comparison with ones of group K placental dysfunction was 3.89 times more often (OR 5.09 [1.76-14.74]), the threat of premature birth - in 5.41 (OR 5.09 [1.76-14.74]), preeclampsia - 6.92 times (OR 7.73 [1.02-58.31]), premature birth - 3.08 times (OR 3.51 [1.04- 11.91]). In group IB placenta dysfunction was observed 1.71 times more often than in group IA (OR 2.14 [1.15-3.98]), the threat of premature birth - 1.90 times (OR 2.23 [1.10 -4.52]. Conclusions. Induced pregnancy is a significant risk factor for IHP. During pregnancy induced in IVF cycles more often than during pregnancy as a result of natural conception there is placental dysfunction, the threat of premature birth, preeclampsia, premature birth. At the same time, people with donor IVF more often than women with autologous IVF have such manifestations of IPD as placental dysfunction and the threat of premature birth.
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Jamilah, Jamilah, and Widowati Pusparini. "Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Ancaman Partus Prematurus di Rumah Sakit Bhakti Mulia Jakarta Barat Tahun 2024." Jurnal Ners 9, no. 2 (2025): 1782–90. https://doi.org/10.31004/jn.v9i2.42272.
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Bhakti Mulia Hospital, West Jakarta, in 2023 found 10 cases of infant death. Premature birth remains the main cause of neonatal death. Some of the factors that influence premature birth are maternal factors, namely age less than twenty years or more than 35 years, pregnancy and delivery too close together, and a history of premature birth.to determine the factors associated with the threat of premature parturition at Bhakti Mulia Hospital, West Jakarta in 2024.Quantitative analytical research with a cross sectional design. The research sample of pregnant women from January to October 2024 was 285 respondents using a simple random sampling technique. Secondary data using a checklist sheet was analyzed using the square test.The results of univariate analysis showed that the majority of pregnant women did not experience the threat of preterm labor, 86.0%, age was not at risk, 84.6%, pregnancy interval > 24 months, 77.2% and no history of preterm labor, 81.8%. The results of bivariate analysis showed a relationship between age (p value = 0.000), pregnancy spacing (p value = 0.000) and history of preterm labor (p value = 0.000) with the threat of preterm labor.age, gestational spacing and history of preterm labor are associated with the threat of preterm labor. Pregnant women are expected to be able to prepare themselves for their pregnancies to prevent premature birth, including paying attention to food intake with a balanced nutritional menu, maintaining a pregnancy gap of more than 2 years for the previous child, and carrying out regular pregnancy checks so that early detection can be carried out if the mother experiences pregnancy complications.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Threat of premature birth"
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Haycock, Anna Cornelia. "Psychological functioning in children with low birth weight." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2573.
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Thesis (PhD. (Clinical Psychology)) --University of Limpopo, 2008<br>Low-birth-weight/premature children seem to be vulnerable to psychiatric, neuropsychological and other deficiencies. Limited research is available in the South African context about these ever-increasing phenomena. The aim of this study was to investigate the magnitude and characteristics of internalising (Separation Anxiety, Overanxious and Major Depressive Disorders) and externalising symptoms (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity, Oppositional Defiant and Conduct Disorders) among low-birth-weight children in comparison with normal-birth-weight children, as well as to establish neuropsychological deficiencies (motor, visual-spatial, memory and executive functioning) between the birth weight groups, analysed as a function of gender and age. The sample (158 children) was selected from nine urban mainstream primary schools in the Tshwane North and South districts by means of stratified random sampling. Low-birth-weight children (weighing below 2 000 g) (N=79) were matched with normal-birth-weight children (above 3 000 g) (N=79) according to age, gender, language and socio-economic status. The neuropsychological test battery and self-reporting questionnaire were individually administered to the sample at the selected schools during school hours. Teachers and parents of selected participants were requested to complete a rating scale. As expected, low birth weight is associated with a tendency towards increased internalising and externalising psychological symptoms, as well as poorer neuropsychological functioning. This was particularly significant in the domains of internalising symptoms (depression), externalising symptoms (hyperactivity/impulsiveness, inattention, Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder) and neuropsychological impairments (motor, visual-spatial/visual-motor, memory and executive functioning). The neuropsychological impairments observed in this study among the LBW children probably increase the risk of subsequent externalising (conduct and oppositional behavioural problems) and internalising (depressive) psychological symptoms. These impairments are possibly exacerbated by inattention and hyperactivity/ impulsiveness. Reciprocal interaction seems to take place between the psychological symptoms andneuropsychological functions. Only a few gender differences were observed. Neuropsychological deficits were observed both in the 6 to 9 and 10 to 13 age groups, indicating deficient resolution of impairments with increasing age. Increased pre-, peri- and postnatal complications in the low-birth-weight group may predispose these children biologically to neuropsychological deficiencies and subsequent internalising/externalising symptoms. These impairments most probably affect academic, emotional, social and other significant areas of functioning, increasing public health cost.
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Jacobs, Salomi. "Referencing echocardiographic measurements for premature and low-birth weight infants." Thesis, Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/212.
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Thesis (M. Tech. (Clinical Technology)) -- Central University of technology, Free State, 2012<br>Introduction: Reference ranges for cardiac measurement are available for adults, children and term infants but the same cannot be said for preterm or small for gestational age (SGA) infants surviving as a result of modern intensive care units.
No published data of reference ranges for preterm infants exists for the South African population. Infants with congenital heart disease are twice as likely to be small for their gestational age and these reference ranges may affect clinical management decisions, therapeutic response and prognosis of these neonates. The aim was thus to establish reference ranges for cardiac dimensions and functional values for preterm and low birth weight infants for central South Africa and compare them with international standards.
Methods: A total of 290 infants of less than 34 weeks of age and weighing less than 2500g at birth were examined during a twelve month period by echocardiography during the first 0-28 days of life. The study assessed normative cardiac measurements divided in M-Mode, 2-D and functional measurement for these infants in 3 weight groups.
Exclusion criteria were applied to any condition affecting the size and functionality of the cardiac system. The following dimensions were measured: Standard M-Mode values for the left ventricle, 2D measurements of valve mitral and tricuspid orifices, as well as functional assessments including Shortening fraction (SF %), Ejection fraction (EF %), and Muscle performance Index (MPI)-index of the Left and Right ventricle. Measurements were done by the leading edge methodology following the ASE recommendations.
A longitudinal study was also done to examine changes in these indices over the first month- on day 14 and day 28 of life. Interobserver differences were calculated for the variability between measurements of a single scan- 25 babies were re-measured and produced good repeatability.
Results: 290 infants were included to produce Referance ranges of measurements (means and standard deviations) for 3 weight groups namely: <0.999g, 1000-1499g, and 1500g – 2500g.
The gestational age’s ranges between 26-38 weeks with a median of 31 weeks, gender distribution was almost equal with a slight female preponderance. Body surface area ranged from a minimum from 0.076 m² and a maximum of 0.184 m², the body weight ranged between a minimum of 690g and a maximum of 2500g with a median of 1360g.
Discussion: The left ventricular diastolic and systolic, interventricular septum, posterior wall, aortic and left atrium dimensions showed a proportionate increase in diameter with an increase in body weight There were no differences in cardiac dimensions between Small for Gestational age” (SGA) versus “Average for Gestational age” (AGA). Gender and race played no role in any functional measurements or with the cardiac sizes. Weight correlated well with BSA and the data suggest that weight only can be used to develop tables for clinical use.
Cardiac chambers increased with BSA and weight and functional measurements stayed the same throughout the weight groups. Systolic and global functions were remarkably similar and constant throughout weight categories. . The longitudinal study also confirmed that the values are applicable to all low birth weight infants up to 28 days of age.
Differences existed between some of the average South African infant’s cardiac chambers and international values. The Inter Ventricular Septum (IVS) and Posterior Wall (PW) measured thicker and the Left Atrium larger. This could be due to numerous factors that should be investigated further.
Conclusion: The study emphasized the profound effect of growth and weight gain on the cardiac structure and that population specific reference values should therefore be developed and used.
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Björk, Adina. "Premature Birth & Postpartum Depression in Kosovo : Early Childhood Development." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-97976.
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Scholars around the world emphazise the value of more research within newborn health and maternal care until 2025, while some even express the need for more research whitin these topics in the specific case of Kosovo. Research about women`s postpartum depression (PPD) in Kosovo linked to the type of delivery was conducted by Obertinca & Dangellia, (2016), which demonstrate a research gap by asserting that current topic information within the country is scarce. This research objective was to focus on different expert perspectives in Kosovo, around linkages between a premature birth (PTB) and the mother`s PPD. Kosovo as a case presents an example of how low and middle income countries address their health policies within their national health-care system. The aim of the study was to understand what it is about PTB that seems to raise PPD amongst women in Kosovo. One important indication of further research value, is that research presented by Vigod et al, (2010) indicates strong linkages between prematurity and the mother`s PPD, while research according to Halbreich, (2005) claims that it is need for more conceptually integrated research and interdisciplinary approaches before one can establish possible linkages. An abductive logic of enquiry was used together with mixed methods within a multistage methodological approach, conducted remotely with representatives of United Nations Children`s Fund (UNICEF) and Action for Mother`s and Children (AMC) health-care staff, specialized on maternal and child health. It was found that different experts in Kosovo working with maternal and child health, shared the general perception around linkages between prematurity and the increased risk for the mother to develop PPD. Increased understanding about this topic is of highest importance since it can be linked to the country`s high numbers of infant mortality rate and performed caesarean sections, which directly affects maternal health and child development. The study used family systems theory and attachment theory in combination to develop a conceptual framework, which was useful during the thematic and content analysation process of the presented data. This study has contributed with new scientific knowledge to the on-going debate about prematurity and women`s postpartum depression, by triangulation of data from different key informants in Kosovo. This paper has provided conclusions with the basis for further research to be conducted.
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Hang, Thi Thu Le Sutthi Jareinpituk. "Maternal periodontal disease and preterm birth /." Abstract, 2007. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2550/cd401/4737317.pdf.
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Levin, Candyce. "HIV transmission to transmission to premature very low birth weight infants." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32779.
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There is sparse literature about HIV transmission in preterm infants. Eighty-two HIV-exposed preterm infants received birth polymerase chain reactions (PCRs). Five (6.1%) were HIV positive with all 5 mothers receiving inadequate antiretrovirals. Of the PCRnegative infants, 9 died and 87% of the survivors received further PCR testing which remained negative. With correct care, intrapartum transmission of HIV can virtually be eliminated.
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Ritson, Brenda. "Periodontal Disease and Preterm Delivery: Results of a Pilot Patient Education and Intervention Feasibility Study." Yale University, 2006. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-06282006-141158/.
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Martin, Samantha Rochelle, and Nadine Rall. "Experiences of mothers relating to live premature birth and the premature infant at a private hospital in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/11482.
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Premature births, which are among the leading causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity in South Africa, often result not only in adverse effects on the infant due to the poorly developed organs and systems, but also affect the mother. Much literature exists about the causes of premature birth, clinical manifestations and management of premature infants; but healthcare practitioners, researchers and authors have not reported much on the mothers’ thoughts and feelings while going through the experience of premature labour and birth. This study deals with the experiences of mothers relating to live premature birth and the premature infant at a private hospital in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality, an urban area within the Eastern Cape Province. The objectives of the study were to explore and describe the experiences of mothers relating to live premature birth and the premature infant at a private hospital in the Eastern Cape Province and to make recommendations based on the research findings which could be utilised by midwives when caring for mothers who had experienced a premature birth. This study, which is qualitative in nature, utilised an explorative, descriptive and contextual design. The population of the study was mothers between the ages of 18 and 38 years who had had a premature birth and were of a gestational age ranging from 28 to 34 weeks. Data collection took place at a private hospital in the Eastern Cape Province over a period of five months. A private room that was designated for the data collection and was not far from the unit where the neonate was kept, proved to be suitable for data-collection purposes. Semi-structured one-on-one interviews were conducted and recorded with an audio digital taperecorder, with a purposefully selected sample of 12 mothers including the pilot study. Data analysis followed formally after data saturation and the data collected was transcribed verbatim and analysed as recommended by Tesch, namely, data coding. An independent coder was used to verify and finalise the results. Two main themes with three sub-themes each and several categories emerged from the data analysis. The two main themes were that: 1. participants had experienced premature birth as an unexpected and traumatic occurrence; and 2. participants had experienced positive support as a coping mechanism throughout the premature birth. Direct quotations were used from the raw data collected to support the description of experiences and findings of this study. Trustworthiness of the study was maintained by using the criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. Ethical principles such as autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice were used to ensure that the research was conducted in an ethical manner. A summary of the study including limitations, recommendations and conclusions was provided.
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Marconi, Camila [UNESP]. "Interleucina 1β e interleucina 6 no líquido amniótico: relação com invasão microbiana da cavidade ammniótica em gestantes em trabalho de parto prematuro". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93614.
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marconi_c_me_botfm.pdf: 320459 bytes, checksum: 2298744a701b431f9e2784f77b8120dc (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)<br>Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP (FUNDUNESP)<br>O Trabalho de Parto Prematuro (TPP) é uma grave intercorrência obstétrica que acomete de 5-10% das gestações. Embora sua etiologia seja multifatorial, a infecção da cavidade amniótica (CA) é um importante fator associado ao seu desencadeamento. Objetivo: Comparar a freqüência de infecção na cavidade amniótica de gestantes em TPP em relação a gestantes fora de trabalho de parto e correlacionar com os níveis de citocinas pró-inflamatórias no líquido amniótico (LA). Material e Métodos: Foram incluídas neste estudo 20 gestantes em TPP e 20 gestantes fora de trabalho de parto, com idades gestacionais pareadas. No grupo TPP, amostras de LA foram obtidas no momento da resolução da gestação ou durante amniocentese transabdominal. O grupo de gestantes fora de trabalho de parto foi constituído de pacientes com indicação de amniocentese transabdominal. Para avaliação da infecção na CA foram realizadas reações em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) para a detecção de Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum e do gene bacteriano RNAr 16S. Os produtos de RNAr 16S foram seqüenciados para a identificação da espécie bacteriana. Os níveis das citocinas inflamatórias, interleucina (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 e fator de necrose tumoral (TNF-α) no LA foram quantificados por ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA). Resultados: A incidência de TPP no período do estudo foi de 5,8%. No grupo TPP, a pesquisa de invasão microbiana da CA foi positiva para M. hominis (35,0%), U. urealyticym (10,0%) e gene RNAr 16S (30,0%), sendo todas as freqüências superiores às encontradas no grupo fora de trabalho de parto (p<0,05). Quanto às citocinas, níveis aumentados de IL-1β (p=0,03), IL-6 (p<0,001) e IL-8 (p<0,001) foram detectados no LA das pacientes em TPP em relação às gestantes fora de trabalho de parto. Além disso, amostras de LA, com presença de infecção, apresentaram níveis...<br>Preterm labor (PL) represents a serious obstetric complication whose rate is 5-10%. Although the PL etiology is multifactorial, intraamniotic infection is strongly associated to its occurrence. Objective: To compare the frequency of intraamniotic infection in women presenting PL with women not in labor and to correlate with inflammatory cytokines levels in amniotic fluid (AF). Material and Methods: Twenty women with PL and 20 women with same gestational age, but not in labor, were included in this study. AF samples of women in PL were collected at delivery or by amniocentesis. The control group was composed by women with indication for amniocentesis. The evaluation of intraamniotic infection was performed detecting Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum and the bacterial rRNA 16S gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR rRNA 16S products were sequenced for bacterial species identification. The IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels in AF were measured by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). Results: During the study period, PL rate was 5,8%. Intraamniotic infection in women with PL was positive for M. hominis (35,0%), U. urealyticum (10,0%) and bacterial rRNA 16S (30,0%). AF infection rates for all tested microorganism were superior in PL when compared to women not in labor (p<0,05). Regarding to the cytokine measurement, AF of PL women showed increased IL-1β (p=0,03), IL-6 (p<0,001) and IL-8 (p<0,001) levels in comparison to AF samples from women not in labor. Additionally, AF with infection presented increased levels of IL-1β e IL-6 (p=0,03). Conclusion: Women with PL present high frequency of intraamniotic infection when compared with women not in labor and such infection correlates with increased IL-1β e IL-6 AF levels.
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邱靜雯 and Ching-man Yau. "Use of occlusive wrap to prevent hypothermia in premature infants immediately after birth." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193042.
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Hypothermia at birth is strongly associated with mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. Unfortunately, infants are prone to hypothermia immediately after birth. A large proportion of preterm infants, especially those of gestational age at less than 30 weeks, experience different levels of hypothermia. A frequently used possible preventive measure is the application of an occlusive wrap immediately after birth. However, no systematic review on this preventive measure supports its translation into practice. This dissertation aimed to evaluate the current evidence on the application of occlusive warp for preterm infants.
Four electronic databases, Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL, and Medline, were searched. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria of this dissertation. Data were extracted and the quality of the included studies was evaluated by the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). Six studies were graded as high quality studies and showed that occlusive wrapping significantly prevented the incidence of hypothermia among the preterm infants smaller than 30 weeks.
An evidence-based Superwarm guideline was developed, which was deemed to be transferable to the local setting of neonatal intensive care unit with similar target clients and philosophy of care as with those in the identified studies. Also, the proposed innovation was considered to be feasible after examination of staff competency, resources, and approval methods. The potential benefits to preterm infants, nurses, and also the hospital were high, and risks to the patient were minimal. The estimated set-up cost including manpower and consumable cost was $1,720, and the running cost was also $1,720 per year.
A 12 -month implementation program scheduled including communication with stakeholders, training to the frontline nurses, and a pilot of the guideline. Patient outcomes will be measured by admission temperature, temperature one hour after admission, and mortality rate. Healthcare provider outcomes include compliance rate, workload, acceptance of the proposed guideline, job satisfaction, knowledge, and skill enhancement in thermoregulation of the preterm infants. The quality of patient care was also considered in the system outcomes. Guideline effectiveness will be evaluated by the increase in admission temperature, nurse and physician satisfaction, and controlled program expenditure.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Nursing Studies<br>Master<br>Master of Nursing
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Allin, Matthew. "The prevalence and significance of neurological abnormalities in a young premature birth cohort." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427640.
Full textBooks on the topic "Threat of premature birth"
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Vincenzo, Berghella, ed. Preterm birth: Prevention and management. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
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1931-, Behrman Richard E., Butler Adrienne Stith, and Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring Healthy Outcomes., eds. Preterm birth: Causes, consequences, and prevention. National Academies Press, 2007.
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R, Mattison Donald, Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine., and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences., eds. The role of environmental hazards in premature birth: Workshop summary. National Academies Press, 2003.
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ed, Papiernik E., and March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation., eds. Effective prevention of preterm birth: The French experience measured at Haguenau. March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, 1987.
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ill, Tate Diane, ed. Watching Bradley grow: A story about premature birth. Longstreet Press, 1996.
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Smith, Timothy. Miracle birth stories of very premature babies: Little thumbs up! Bergin & Garvey, 1999.
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Chiara, Nosarti, Murray, Robin, MD, M Phil, MRCP, MRC Psych., and Hack Maureen, eds. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm birth. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
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Paulsson, Liselotte. Premature birth: Studies on orthodontic treatment need, craniofacial morphology and function. Malmö University, Department of Orthodontics, Department of Stomatognathic Physiology, Faculty of Odontology, 2009.
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Acke, Nicole E. The effect of birth weight on adult speech: Does premature birth affect subtle articulation? Laurentian University, Department of Psychology, 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Threat of premature birth"
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McCandless, David W. "Premature Birth." In Kernicterus. Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6555-4_4.
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Theisler, Charles. "Premature Labor/Preterm Birth." In Adjuvant Medical Care. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22898-285.
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Meem, Kazi Rafat Haa, Sadia Islam, Ahmed Omar Salim Adnan, and Sifat Momen. "Premature Birth Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques." In Artificial Intelligence Trends in Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09076-9_26.
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Chistyakova, Guzel, Lyudmila Ustyantseva, Irina Remizova, Vladislav Ryumin, and Svetlana Bychkova. "RISK FACTORS OF BIRTH OF PREMATURE CHILDREN." In CHILDREN WITH EXTREMELY LOW BODY WEIGHT: CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS, FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM, PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS OF THE FORMATION OF NEONATAL PATHOLOGY. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/chapter_62061e70dcd948.10387409.
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The purpose of the monograph, which contains a modern view of the problem of adaptation of children with extremely low body weight, is to provide a wide range of doctors with basic information about the clinical picture, functional activity of innate and adaptive immunity, prognostic criteria of postnatal pathology, based on their own research. The specific features of the immunological reactivity of premature infants of various gestational ages who have developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and retinopathy of newborns (RN) from the moment of birth and after reaching postconceptional age (37-40 weeks) are described separately. The mechanisms of their implementation with the participation of factors of innate and adaptive immunity are considered in detail. Methods for early prediction of BPD and RN with the determination of an integral indicator and an algorithm for the management of premature infants with a high risk of postnatal complications at the stage of early rehabilitation are proposed. The information provided makes it possible to personify the treatment, preventive and rehabilitation measures in premature babies. The monograph is intended for obstetricians-gynecologists, neonatologists, pediatricians, allergists-immunologists, doctors of other specialties, residents, students of the system of continuing medical education. This work was done with financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science, grant of the President of the Russian Federation No. MK-1140.2020.7.
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Allin, Matthew. "Consequences for Cerebellar Development of Very Premature Birth." In Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders. Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1333-8_83.
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Allin, Matthew. "Consequences for Cerebellar Development of Very Premature Birth." In Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23810-0_83.
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Munnamgi, Hemalatha, P. Ashok Reddy, Gudibandi Poojitha, Mallipam Satya Praneeth, Thatikonda Swathi, and Shreyas Upendra Dingankar. "Machine Learning for Premature Birth Prediction During Pregnancy." In Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-0143-1_25.
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Horowitz, Stuart, and Jonathan M. Davis. "Lung Injury When Development Is Interrupted by Premature Birth." In Lung Growth and Development. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003574026-16.
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DasMahapatra, Pronabesh, and Camilo Fernandez Alonso. "Morbid Obesity and Premature Death in the Young." In Evolution of Cardio-Metabolic Risk from Birth to Middle Age:. Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1451-9_8.
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Whyte, Jeffrey. "Conclusion." In The Birth of Psychological War. British Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197267493.003.0006.
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Abstract This chapter concludes the book by bringing its analysis to bear upon the contemporary return of psychological warfare to popular political imaginations. Pushing back against claims that the contemporary ‘post-truth’ era is defined by novel practices of disinformation and psychological warfare, this chapter argues that the contemporary moment is best understood in terms of continuity rather than rupture with the past. It concludes with analysis of the way that contemporary threat imaginaries surrounding psychological warfare license new reactionary approaches to psychological warfare.
Conference papers on the topic "Threat of premature birth"
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Padmavathi, A., and Laxmi Maurya. "Premature Birth Prediction Using Machine Learning Algorithms – A Comparative Analysis." In 2024 7th International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics (IC3I). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ic3i61595.2024.10828633.
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Gusarova, Evgeniya, Tatiana Chumarnaya, Roman Rokeakh, Natalya Kosovtsova, and Olga Solovyova. "Statistical Description of the Shape and Deformation of the Left Ventricle During the Cardiac Cycle in Extremely Low and Very Low Birth Weight Premature Infants in the Early Neonatal Period. Pilot Results." In 2024 IEEE International Multi-Conference on Engineering, Computer and Information Sciences (SIBIRCON). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sibircon63777.2024.10758453.
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Fernandez, Monica, Ashraf Al Hinai, Mohammed Mawali, Fadi Masri Zada, and Nasser Al Behlani. "Importance of Corrosion Monitoring to Ensure Effective Corrosion Management of Carbon Steel Pipelines." In CORROSION 2020. NACE International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2020-15083.
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Abstract A Corrosion Management Framework is established to identify threats and define barriers during normal operation, shutdown and start up scenarios. It also provides basis for monitoring and inspection plans, KPIs to assess the barriers in place against the identified corrosion threats and help identify non-compliance to control and mitigate related risks. There are other mitigations done during construction to avoid premature failure, such as chemical treatment of water used in hydrotesting and nitrogen preservation. Learning from previous incidents can help future projects improve to avoid their reoccurrence. In such sense, corrosion monitoring plays an important role in identifying ahead of time and make proactive decisions that will positively affect the overall corrosion management of a pipeline. The use of electrical resistance probes and corrosion coupons in pipelines has supported this approach as part of the overall strategy in corrosion management. In this case, probes and coupon data assessment indicated the presence of deposits, which led toward more detail studies to identify the source of the solids and mitigate the threat. As immediate action, several measures were implemented (optimizing pigging frequency, changing pig design and the use of batch chemical). Meanwhile, a detailed study was conducted to eliminate the source of solids, which further led to corrosion inhibitor and pigging optimization. This paper will cover a case of a pipeline from design phase to operate phase with the challenges faced and the actions taken to ensure its integrity.
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Allinson, J., N. Chaturvedi, A. Wong, et al. "Infant Lower Respiratory Infections and the Premature Death of Adults From Respiratory Disease - a Seventy-three Year Longitudinal Nationally Representative Birth Cohort Study." In American Thoracic Society 2023 International Conference, May 19-24, 2023 - Washington, DC. American Thoracic Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2023.207.1_meetingabstracts.a6240.
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Tiller, C. J., J. Bjerregaard, M. Robinson, et al. "Lung Growth Following Premature Birth." In American Thoracic Society 2021 International Conference, May 14-19, 2021 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2021.203.1_meetingabstracts.a4623.
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Harris, Christopher, Samuel Morris, Alan Lunt, Janet Peacock, and Anne Greenough. "Longitudinal lung function following very premature birth." In ERS International Congress 2017 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.oa3425.
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Esty, A., M. Frize, J. Gilchrist, and E. Bariciak. "Applying Data Preprocessing Methods to Predict Premature Birth." In 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8513681.
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Lupse, Oana Sorina, and Lacramioara Stoicu-Tivadar. "Profiling in obstetrics for premature birth risk patients." In 2017 E-Health and Bioengineering Conference (EHB). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ehb.2017.7995418.
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Salih, Wafaa Mahdi, Abir Jaafar Hussain, Mohammed Khalaf, et al. "The Effects of Premature Birth on Children Education." In 2016 9th International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DeSE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dese.2016.11.
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Jawzali, Jwan, and Amanj Hassan. "Glucose Haemostasis Among Premature New-borns." In 4th Scientific Conference on Women’s Health. Hawler Medical University, 2025. https://doi.org/10.15218/crewh.2024.06.
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Background: Neonatal blood glucose levels are affected by pregnancy outcomes. Preterm infants are more prone to hypo- and hyperglycemia compared to full-term new-borns. This study aims to explore the glucose levels and risk factors affecting glucose homeostasis among premature new-borns Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to March 31, 2017, at the Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil city. A total of 139 preterm new-borns treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were included. Information concerning premature newborns (24 hours old) and maternal were collected. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences software was used for data analysis. Results: The highest percentage of maternal (61.9%) were in the group of 33 to 36 weeks of gestational age. Half of premature new-borns (52.5%) weighed between 1.5 to 2.49 kg, 80.6% had normal random blood glucose levels. The risk of hyperglycemia increased (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1-1.1) in infants born at a gestational age of 29 to 32 weeks. Birth weight decreased significantly by increase of blood sugar (OR = -0.168, 95% CI: -0.008-0.0). Apgar scores of 7-10/10 increased with higher random blood sugar levels. Conclusion: The majority had normal blood glucose levels. Low gestational age and birth weight increases the risk of hyperglycaemia, due to physiological and metabolic factors. Apgar scores improved at ten minutes with increasing random blood sugar levels gestational age and birth weight.
Reports on the topic "Threat of premature birth"
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Caffera, Marcelo, Juanita Bloomfield, and Ana Balsa. The Effect of Acute and Intensive Exposure to Particulate Matter on Birth Outcomes in Montevideo. Inter-American Development Bank, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011661.
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This study explores the impact of air pollution on adverse birth outcomes. The study focuses on the effect of breathable particulate matter with diameter of 10 micrometers or less (PM10) on the likelihood of premature birth and low birth weight (LBW). The study exploits the fact that in 2011 the ashes and dust resulting from the eruption of the Puyehue volcano in Chile substantially increased exposure to PM10 in Montevideo, Uruguay. Using prenatal and birth data from the Perinatal Information System for 2010-2012, it is found that increases in quarterly averages of PM10 concentrations beyond 50 µg/m3 decrease birth weight and increase the likelihood of LBW and prematurity at increasing rates. The results also suggest that the effect of PM10 on birth weight works mainly through a higher likelihood of prematurity, rather than through intrauterine growth retardation. The effects increase with each trimester of pregnancy: exposure during the third trimester is the most dangerous.
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Dechow, Chad Daniel, M. Cohen-Zinder, Morris Soller, et al. Genotypes and phenotypes of telomere length in Holstein cattle, actors or reporters. United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2020.8134156.bard.
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Selection programs aiming at improving health and survival in cattle are complicated by low heritability estimates, the fact that true herd life and carcass quality is not known until the end of an animal's life, and that many health conditions manifest late in life. Young animals are now heavily favored in breeding programs because low generation intervals accelerate the rate of genetic progress, which means selection decisions must be made before phenotypic observation of health and survival is feasible. Moreover, profitability is compromised when livestock producers raise animals that fail to produce due to health failure or that do not meet quality standards. Telomere length (TL) was hypothesized as a biomarker that could be recorded early in life, be associated with health and survival, and have higher heritability than other measures of health. Thus, our research aims were to: 1, determine associations of TL with health, wellbeing and production in Holsteins raised for dairy or beef purposes; 2, determine TL heritability, genetic variance, and genetic correlations with cow health and performance; and 3, map quantitative trait loci affecting TL and provide TL genomic predictions to industry partners and breeders. There were not significant changes made to the research plan during the project, but the timeline of the project was not met. Laboratory processing of samples was significantly delayed due to Covid along with some sample collection. TL measurements from >1100 animals across the US and Israel are available to date. TL declines modestly with age, in agreement with observations from other species. A genomic analysis was conducted using a single-step approach and TL had a moderate heritability estimate of 20% across age groups. The initial genome-wide association-analysis indicated that TL is a quantitative trait whose expression is influenced by effects across the genome. Moreover, there is a strong association of calf and dam TL at birth. Genetic relationships with health and survival were ascertained through correlations of genomic estimated breeding values (gEBV) for TL with gEBV for other traits routinely recording in national genetic evaluations. Higher TL is genetically associated with longer herd-life, a greater likelihood that cows will avoid premature on-farm death, and reduced disease incidence. The relationship appeared to be strongest when TL was measured during the first two years of life. Based on genotyping different cell types, there was evidence that maternal and colostral derived cells are present in newborns, which could bias TL measurements during the first weeks of life to a small degree. The implications of this research are that TL is a promising trait to include in multiple trait selection programs because it is heritable, available early in life, and correlated with longevity and health. Our TL reference population is currently being expanded, and genomic estimated breeding values will be disseminated to industry partners upon completion of the reference population so that they can evaluate the utility of incorporating TL into their breeding programs.