Academic literature on the topic 'Three kingdoms'

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Journal articles on the topic "Three kingdoms"

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Yu, Jun, Jian Wang, Fuchu He, and Huanming Yang. "“Three Kingdoms” to Romance." Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 1, no. 1 (February 2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1672-0229(03)01001-5.

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Lee, Sungjoo. "The Production of Utilitarian Ware in Proto-Three Kingdoms and Three Kingdoms Periods." Hoseo Archaeological Society 47 (October 30, 2020): 102–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.34268/hskk.2020.47.102.

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홍윤기. "The Bows of Three Kingdoms." JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES ll, no. 42 (November 2013): 99–132. http://dx.doi.org/10.26585/chlab.2013..42.005.

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Khoruzhy, Sergei S. "Man’s three far-away Kingdoms." Philotheos 3 (2003): 53–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philotheos200335.

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West, Andrew C., Luo Guanzhong, and Moss Roberts. "Three Kingdoms: A Historical Novel." Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews (CLEAR) 17 (December 1995): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/495562.

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Kim, Il-Jung. "Proto-Three Kingdoms~Three Kingdoms Period Residential Structure and Regional Patterns in Gochang Area." Journal of Jeonbuk Studies 9 (August 31, 2023): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.59592/jbst.2023.9.1.

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Chandra, Tan Michael. "The process of translation, adaptation, and question of feminism in Luo Guanzhong�s Romance of the Three Kingdoms." Indonesian Journal of English Language Studies (IJELS) 4, no. 2 (December 11, 2019): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/ijels.v4i2.2303.

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As one of the Four Great Classic Novels of Chinese literature, Romance of the Three Kingdoms found its way to the constellation of World Literature via translation and being adapted into the movie Red Cliff (2008) and famous video games series Dynasty Warriors (1997-now). This process further made the story of the Three Kingdom is widely known as many cinemagoers and gamers can associate themselves with the story in the form that they adore. Both processes, however, have disadvantages as they erase the Chinese cultural elements that are demonstrated in the novel. This novel is also heavily riddled with patriarchal paradigm that makes scholars consider Romance of the Three Kingdoms masculine novel by portraying women in a very weak position in Chinese society. This paper would try to dissect the issues of translation and women portrayal in detail by analyzing the translated work of Romance of the Three Kingdoms to see what cultural aspect that is disappear as a result of translation and dissecting the dismissive and derogative portrayal of several women characters in the novel.Keywords: Luo Guanzhong, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Feminism, World Literature
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Chittick, Andrew. "History and the Three Kingdoms: Three Recent Approaches." Early Medieval China 2001, no. 1 (June 2001): 79–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/152991001788193961.

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Ilman Huda, M. Al Amin, and Abd Holik. "Perkembangan Hukum Keluarga Islam Pada Masa Kerajaan di Indonesia." Tafáqquh: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Kajian Keislaman 11, no. 2 (December 7, 2023): 263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52431/tafaqquh.v11i2.2151.

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This article discusses three Islamic kingdoms in Indonesia, namely the Aceh Darussalam Kingdom (1496 AD – 1903), the Islamic Mataram Kingdom (1588-1681), and the Gowa-Tallo Kingdom (1591-1669). The main focus is on the government system, judiciary, and legal sources used by the three kingdoms. The Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam, located in Aceh, Sumatra, has an organized and efficient government system. They developed a military education system, fought European imperialism, and had a strong commitment to Islam. Sources of law include custom, law, qanun, reusam, and the book of fiqh, with the Sultan as the supreme law maker. The Islamic Mataram Kingdom, established in Java, combined Hindu-Islam through Islamization. The government system integrates Islamic law and Javanese customs. Sultan Agung implemented Islamic law in the judiciary, incorporating civil and criminal law, and appointed individuals with an understanding of Islam in the judiciary. The Kingdom of Gowa-Tallo in Sulawesi adopted Islam as its official religion in 1605 AD. The King of Gowa-Tallo appointed sharia officials equivalent to adek officials, established a level III court, and managed zakat and alms funds to support Islamic religious justice. These three kingdoms demonstrate the importance of Islam in the government, justice and legal systems of Indonesia's past, combining religious teachings with local traditions to create a system that functioned effectively.
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Hyungsoo Han. "Guan Yu‘s Character of Three Kingdoms." JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES ll, no. 49 (August 2015): 129–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.26585/chlab.2015..49.006.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Three kingdoms"

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Hollenweger, Richard R. Hollenweger Richard R. "The Buddhist architecture of the Three Kingdoms period in Korea /." Lausanne : EPFL, 1999. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1941.

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Fong, Wai Lok Raymond. "What sustains growth in China : a tale of the three kingdoms." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2000. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/240.

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Mackenzie, Kirsteen M. "Presbyterian church government and the "Covenanted interest" in the three kingdoms 1649-1660." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=59563.

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Kwon, Hyuk-chan. "From Sanguozhi yanyi to Samgukchi : domestication and appropriation of Three Kingdoms in Korea." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24238.

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My dissertation entitled “From Sanguo zhi yanyi to Samgukchi: Domestication and Appropriation of Three Kingdoms in Korea” shows how a ‘Chinese’ work of fiction has become an enduringly popular Korean work since its importation in the sixteenth century. In this context, my thesis encompasses a comparative exploration of the influence of the Sanguo zhi yanyi 三國志演義 (Romance of the Three Kingdoms; hereafter Three Kingdoms) as reflected in premodern and contemporary Korean culture and literature. The domestication and appropriation of Three Kingdoms today can be attributed, in part, to a relentless modification and re-creation of its contents in the forms of numerous translations, adaptations, and revisions that have reflected socio-political and ideological agendas in Korea. I also clarify how the sociopolitical and ideological changes in Chosŏn Korea accelerated the reception and dissemination of Three Kingdoms by illuminating in particular how the Chosŏn rulers utilized the Neo-Confucian values in Three Kingdoms to maintain and strengthen Korea’s identity as the sole cultural and spiritual successor of the Great Han-Chinese empire after its collapse in 1644. Three Kingdoms’ status in Korea has been much higher than that of a Chinese classic; it remains the most widely read of all novels in modern Korea. Moreover, authors like Chang Chŏng’il do not hesitate to define Three Kingdoms as a national novel of Korea. It is virtually impossible for a modern Korean to lead a life divorced from Three Kingdoms. My dissertation shows that these phenomena did not appear suddenly in the twentieth-century Korea. Rather, they are the result of domestication and appropriation of Three Kingdoms that has steadily progressed for centuries; the novel has been relentlessly re-interpreted in terms of Korea’s socio-political and cultural context. My dissertation elucidates the cultural politics that contribute to making Three Kingdoms into a national novel of Korea.
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Li, Chan-man Philip, and 李燦文. "The issue of dynastic legitimacy of the Three Kingdoms asseen in Zizhi Tongjian." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31949526.

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Volmer, Inga. "A comparative study of massacres during the wars of the Three Kingdoms, 1641-53." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252039.

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Haugen, Angela Jean. "Mounded Tomb Cultures of Three Kingdoms Period Korea and Yamato Japan: A Study of Golden Regalia and Cultural Interactions." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276783062.

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Tsui, Chung-hui, and 崔中慧. "A study of early Buddhist scriptural calligraphy: based on Buddhist manuscripts found in Dunhuang andTurfan (3-5 century)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4545694X.

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Shen, Cheen. "The transformation of line, shape and intention in Chinese painting since Xu Beihong and Lin Fengmian." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2007. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/272.

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The research of this dissertation is focused on 'transformation' in the development of Chinese painting and takes the three traditional elements in painting-- line, shape, and intention--as methods of observation. The dissertation proposes that Chinese painting has undergone two stages of critical transformation that are worthy of notice: the first occurring in the chaotic situation during Wei Jin North and South Dynasty in the third century, and the second stage lasting from the beginning of the 20th century till now.
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Li, Chan-man Philip. "The issue of dynastic legitimacy of the Three Kingdoms as seen in Zizhi Tongjian Lun "Zi zhi tong jian" dui San guo zheng run wen ti zhi chu li /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1989. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31949526.

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Books on the topic "Three kingdoms"

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Guanzhong, Luo. Three kingdoms. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1995.

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Guanzhong, Luo. Three kingdoms. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1995.

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Guanzhong, Luo. Three kingdoms. Beijing: Morning glory Publishers, 1999.

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Guanzhong, Luo. Three kingdoms. Beijing, China: Foreign Languages Press, 1995.

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Guanzhong, Luo. Three kingdoms. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1995.

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Guanzhong, Luo. Three kingdoms. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1995.

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Guanzhong, Luo. Three Kingdoms: Volume 3. Beijing: Foreign Languages P., 1995.

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Phoumisavanh, Thosarath. Three kingdoms: A novel. Enumclaw, WA: Winepress Pub., 2009.

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Millhauser, Steven. Little kingdoms: Three novellas. New York: Poseidon Press, 1993.

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Phoumisavanh, Thosarath. Three kingdoms: A novel. Enumclaw, WA: Winepress Pub., 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Three kingdoms"

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Nie, Winter, Mark J. Greeven, Yunfei Feng, and James Wang. "Three kingdoms." In The Future of Global Retail, 197–212. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003205074-14.

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Farmer, J. Michael. "The Three States (Three Kingdoms)." In Routledge Handbook of Imperial Chinese History, 62–76. London; New York: Routledge, 2019. |: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315726878-7.

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Nelson, Sarah Milledge, and Juliette Neu. "Mumun, Proto-Three Kingdoms, and Three Kingdoms in Korea." In Handbook of East and Southeast Asian Archaeology, 603–17. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6521-2_35.

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Croft, Pauline. "Monarch of Three Kingdoms." In King James, 131–54. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4039-9017-4_8.

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Mendlesohn, Farah. "The Wars of the Three Kingdoms." In Creating Memory, 197–221. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54537-6_9.

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Chengyi, Peng. "The romance of “three constitutional kingdoms”." In Chinese Constitutionalism in a Global Context, 86–99. New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Globalization : law and policy: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315571751-6.

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Ge, Jianxiong. "The Three Kingdoms to Sui Period." In A Concise History of China’s Population, 120–42. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003461012-8.

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Armstrong, Robert. "Royalism Reborn: Scotland." In Royalism and the Three Stuart Kingdoms, 31–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42099-3_2.

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Armstrong, Robert. "Thinking Royalist." In Royalism and the Three Stuart Kingdoms, 85–110. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42099-3_4.

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Armstrong, Robert. "Royalist Peacemaking: Ireland and England." In Royalism and the Three Stuart Kingdoms, 61–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42099-3_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Three kingdoms"

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Zhang, Youjie, Xiang Ding, and Zhi Chen. "Solving legends of the three kingdoms based on hierarchical macro strategy model." In GECCO '19: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3319619.3326748.

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Jin, Lan, Xiangwei Yan, and Wenhao She. "Social Network Data Analysis of Romance of The Three Kingdoms based on Python." In 2020 IEEE 9th Joint International Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence Conference (ITAIC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itaic49862.2020.9339041.

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Гордиенко, Д. О. "Enfant Terrible of The Three Kingdoms’ Empire: The Duke of Monmouth and The Restoration Regime." In Конференция памяти профессора С.Б. Семёнова ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ ИСТОРИИ. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55000/semconf.2023.3.3.008.

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Статья посвящена судьбе последнего мятежника королевской крови в Англии герцога Монмута. Особое место в системе функционирования европейских монархий Запада в начале раннего Нового времени занимали незаконнорожденные дети государей. Их статус был высоким в Испании, Франции и Англии. Стюарты второй половины XVII в. отличались большим количеством бастардов. Видное место в системе функционирования Трех Королевств при Карле II занимал его старший бастард Джеймс, герцог Монмут. Царственный отец устроил ему выгодный брак. Назначал на высшие придворные должности. Сделал командующим королевской армии. Монмут командовал экспедиционным корпусом во Фландрии. Громил шотландских мятежников в конце 1670-х гг. Однако герцог посчитал, что имеет право претендовать на престол после смерти своего отца. Карл II не имел официального потомства и наследником был его младший брат католик Яков, герцог Йоркский. Монмут стал выразителем мнений и ширмой для оппозиции Карлу II и Якову II. После смерти своего отца, летом 1685 г., герцог Монмут поднял восстание. Собрал отряд сторонников и высадился на Западе Англии. Его поддержали протестанты, выставившие отряды милиции. В битве при Седжмуре королевская армия разбила повстанцев. Монмут был пленен. Яков II приказал казнить мятежного племянника. Мятеж и казнь герцога стали важным и ярким сюжетом пропаганды, как королевской, так и оппозиционной. В статье разбираются некоторые аспекты этого процесса. The article is devoted to the fate of the last rebel of royal blood in England, the Duke of Monmouth. Illegitimate children of sovereigns occupied a special place in the system of functioning of the European monarchies of the West at the beginning of the Early Modern period. Their status was high in Spain, France and England. The Stuarts of the second half of the XVII century were distinguished by a large number of bastards. A prominent place in the system of functioning of the Three Kingdoms under Charles II was occupied by his eldest bastard James, Duke of Monmouth. The royal father arranged a profitable marriage for him. He was appointed to the highest court positions, was made the commander of the royal army. Monmouth commanded an expeditionary force in Flanders, defeated the Scottish rebels in the late 1670s. However, the duke considered that he had the right to claim the throne after the death of his father. Charles II had no official descendants and the heir was his younger brother, the catholic James, Duke of York. Monmouth became a voice of opinion and a screen for opposition to Charles II and James II. After the death of his father, in summer of 1685, the Duke of Monmouth rebelled. He gathered a group of supporters and landed in the West of England. He was supported by the Protestants, who fielded militia detachments. At the Battle of Sedgemoor, the royal army defeated the rebels. Monmouth was captured. James II ordered the execution of his rebellious nephew. The rebellion and execution of the duke became an important and vivid plot of propaganda, both royal and oppositional. The article deals with some aspects of this process.
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Liang, Hui, Fanyu Bao, Yusheng Sun, Qian Zhang, Mingge Pan, and Jian Chang. "Children’s Early Educational Game under the Background of Chinese Three Kingdoms Culture — To Borrow Arrows with Thatched Boats." In 2021 IEEE 7th International Conference on Virtual Reality (ICVR). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icvr51878.2021.9483814.

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Liu, Yihong. "A Corpus-Based Contrastive Study on the English Translation of “Wine Culture” in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms." In 2022 3rd International Conference on Mental Health, Education and Human Development (MHEHD 2022). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220704.101.

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Klimovich, Victoria. "CATEGORY OF 混 (HÙN, “PRIMORDIAL CHAOS”) IN FOUR GREAT CLASSICAL NOVELS." In 9th International Conference ISSUES OF FAR EASTERN LITERATURES. St. Petersburg State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062049.16.

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混 (hùn, “primordial chaos”) is one of the most complex and multi-aspect concepts in Chinese philosophy. This category was fully developed in the Taoist texts, dating back to the 4th–3th centuries BC. Taoist philosophers interpreted the concept not just as the core of cosmogony, but also as the basis of all ethical and socio-political concepts. In Taoist texts all the meanings are distinctly positive and opposed to the concept of 乱 (luàn, “disorder”), which means destruction of the original chaotic (i. e., holistic) nature of the universe. To determine how this concept transpire in traditional Chinese culture and to what extent it is still considered to be positive, the author analyzed the usage of the word in the four great classical novels: Water Margin, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Journey to the West and Dream of the Red Chamber.
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Abdul-Latif, Benson Lamidi, and Bawah Abdul-Rashid. "Semi-Analytical Three-Phase Relative Permeability Model for Gas-Condensate." In SPE Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Annual Technical Symposium and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/192268-ms.

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Abdulghani, Mohannad, and Abdullah Alabdulkarem. "Estimates of Area, Output and Levelized Energy Cost of Wind Energy Schemes in Saudi Arabia." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-68223.

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Abstract Renewable energy is experiencing a surge in the Middle East and North Africa. Investigations of the economic feasibility of utility level renewable energy projects are necessary for such projects to become part of the zeitgeist of power generation in the region and be viewed as a sustainable clean alternative. Saudi Arabia, with the advent of Vision 2030, has placed renewable energy as a key pillar of its energy policy with several renewable energy projects planned and commissioned in the past couple of years. Although Solar Energy seems like an obvious choice for Saudi Arabia, owing to its location and the amount of solar irradiance it experiences annually, there remain unanswered questions about this option’s viability. Several investigations into the financial efficacy of large-scale solar projects in the kingdom have raised concerns about their economic feasibility. Wind turbines have the potential of resolving the economic questions about renewable energy as a source of power for domestic consumption to cover the Kingdom’s growing energy demands. The power generation capacity of Saudi Arabia has grown exponentially due to several factors such as modernization and a population boom in the past five decades, thus necessitating finding clean energy alternatives. In this work, estimates of area, energy output, and levelized energy cost for a large, utility-scale, energy scheme is obtained using a RETScreen model, which is informed by up-to-date figures from the region. The levelized cost of energy, area required, and energy output of a wind power plant with a nameplate capacity — the full load of the power plant as intended — equivalent to the country’s peak load demand is estimated. The levelized energy cost resulting from the model is compared with the current unsubsidized costs of energy in the kingdom.
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"The Three “Cyber Logics” and Their Implications to Cyber Conflicts: Germany, France, and the United Kingdom as Case Studies." In The 19th European Conference on Cyber Warfare. ACPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ews.20.063.

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Banteli, Amalia, Sarah O’Dwyer, and Andre Du Plooy. "E-PORTFOLIO APPLICATION FOR STUDENT REFLECTION AND ENGAGEMENT IN THREE CASE STUDIES IN AN ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL IN THE UNITED KINGDOM." In 10th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2018.0380.

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Reports on the topic "Three kingdoms"

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Wilson, Karen. The Architecture of the System of National Accounts: A Three Country Comparison, Canada, Australia, and United Kingdom. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11106.

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Alessa, Mohammed, Tayba Wahedi, Jumanah Alsairafi, Nouf Almatrafi, Wisal Shuaib, Johara Alnafie, Fatimah Alzubaidi, and Soha Elmorsy. Prevalence of Thyroid cancer in Saudi Arabis: Systematic review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0088.

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Review question / Objective: What is the prevalence of Thyroid cancer among population in kingdom of Saudi Arabia?. The aim of this systematic review is to scrutinize the prevalence of thyroid cancer (TC) in Saudi Arabia and assess the relative frequency of subgroups related to types of thyroid cancer, age, and gender. Condition being studied: Thyroid cancer is an abnormal growth of cells that starts in the thyroid gland. There is four types of differentiated thyroid cancer, three of these cancer develop from the follicular cells, the papillary thyroid cancer, follicular thyroid cancer, Hürthle cell carcinoma, and one rare type develops from the thyroid’s C cells called medullary thyroid cancer. There is one undifferentiated thyroid cancer called anaplastic thyroid cancer.
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Sadot, Einat, Christopher Staiger, and Zvi Kam Weizmann. functional genomic screen for new plant cytoskeletal proteins and the determination of their role in actin mediated functions and guard cells regulation. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7587725.bard.

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The original objectives of the approved proposal were: 1. To construct a YFP fused Arabidopsis cDNA library in a mammalian expression vector. 2. To infect the library into a host fibroblast cell line and to screen for new cytoskeletal associated proteins using an automated microscope. 3. Isolate the new genes. 4. Characterize their role in plants. The project was approved as a feasibility study to allow proof of concept that would entail building the YFP library and picking up a couple of positive clones using the fluorescent screen. We report here on the construction of the YFP library, the development of the automatic microscope, the establishment of the screen and the isolation of positive clones that are plant cDNAs encoding cytoskeleton associated proteins. The rational underling a screen of plant library in fibroblasts is based on the high conservation of the cytoskeleton building blocks, actin and tubulin, between the two kingdoms (80-90% homology at the level of amino acids sequence). In addition, several publications demonstrated the recognition of mammalian cytoskeleton by plant cytoskeletal binding proteins and vice versa. The major achievements described here are: 1. The development of an automated microscope equipped with fast laser auto-focusing for high magnification and a software controlling 6 dimensions; X, Y position, auto focus, time, color, and the distribution and density of the fields acquired. This system is essential for the high throughput screen. 2. The construction of an extremely competent YFP library efficiently cloned (tens of thousands of clones collected, no empty vectors detected) with all inserts oriented 5't03'. These parameters render it well representative of the whole transcriptome and efficient in "in-frame" fusion to YFP. 3. The strategy developed for the screen allowing the isolation of individual positive cDNA clones following three rounds of microscopic scans. The major conclusion accomplished from the work described here is that the concept of using mammalian host cells for fishing new plant cytoskeletal proteins is feasible and that screening system developed is complete for addressing one of the major bottlenecks of the plant cytoskeleton field: the need for high throughput identification of functionally active cytoskeletal proteins. The new identified plant cytoskeletal proteins isolated in the pilot screen and additional new proteins which will be isolated in a comprehensive screen will shed light on cytoskeletal mediated processes playing a major role in cellular activities such as cell division, morphogenesis, and functioning such as chloroplast positioning, pollen tube and root hair elongation and the movement of guard cells. Therefore, in the long run the screen described here has clear agricultural implications.
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Holland, Darren, and Nazmina Mahmoudzadeh. Foodborne Disease Estimates for the United Kingdom in 2018. Food Standards Agency, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.squ824.

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In February 2020 the FSA published two reports which produced new estimates of foodborne norovirus cases. These were the ‘Norovirus Attribution Study’ (NoVAS study) (O’Brien et al., 2020) and the accompanying internal FSA technical review ‘Technical Report: Review of Quantitative Risk Assessment of foodborne norovirus transmission’ (NoVAS model review), (Food Standards Agency, 2020). The NoVAS study produced a Quantitative Microbiological Risk Assessment model (QMRA) to estimate foodborne norovirus. The NoVAS model review considered the impact of using alternative assumptions and other data sources on these estimates. From these two pieces of work, a revised estimate of foodborne norovirus was produced. The FSA has therefore updated its estimates of annual foodborne disease to include these new results and also to take account of more recent data related to other pathogens. The estimates produced include: •Estimates of GP presentations and hospital admissions for foodbornenorovirus based on the new estimates of cases. The NoVAS study onlyproduced estimates for cases. •Estimates of foodborne cases, GP presentations and hospital admissions for12 other pathogens •Estimates of unattributed cases of foodborne disease •Estimates of total foodborne disease from all pathogens Previous estimates An FSA funded research project ‘The second study of infectious intestinal disease in the community’, published in 2012 and referred to as the IID2 study (Tam et al., 2012), estimated that there were 17 million cases of infectious intestinal disease (IID) in 2009. These include illness caused by all sources, not just food. Of these 17 million cases, around 40% (around 7 million) could be attributed to 13 known pathogens. These pathogens included norovirus. The remaining 60% of cases (equivalent to 10 million cases) were unattributed cases. These are cases where the causal pathogen is unknown. Reasons for this include the causal pathogen was not tested for, the test was not sensitive enough to detect the causal pathogen or the pathogen is unknown to science. A second project ‘Costed extension to the second study of infectious intestinal disease in the community’, published in 2014 and known as IID2 extension (Tam, Larose and O’Brien, 2014), estimated that there were 566,000 cases of foodborne disease per year caused by the same 13 known pathogens. Although a proportion of the unattributed cases would also be due to food, no estimate was provided for this in the IID2 extension. New estimates We estimate that there were 2.4 million cases of foodborne disease in the UK in 2018 (95% credible intervals 1.8 million to 3.1 million), with 222,000 GP presentations (95% Cred. Int. 150,000 to 322,000) and 16,400 hospital admissions (95% Cred. Int. 11,200 to 26,000). Of the estimated 2.4 million cases, 0.9 million (95% Cred. Int. 0.7 million to 1.2 million) were from the 13 known pathogens included in the IID2 extension and 1.4 million1 (95% Cred. Int. 1.0 million to 2.0 million) for unattributed cases. Norovirus was the pathogen with the largest estimate with 383,000 cases a year. However, this estimate is within the 95% credible interval for Campylobacter of 127,000 to 571,000. The pathogen with the next highest number of cases was Clostridium perfringens with 85,000 (95% Cred. Int. 32,000 to 225,000). While the methodology used in the NoVAS study does not lend itself to producing credible intervals for cases of norovirus, this does not mean that there is no uncertainty in these estimates. There were a number of parameters used in the NoVAS study which, while based on the best science currently available, were acknowledged to have uncertain values. Sensitivity analysis undertaken as part of the study showed that changes to the values of these parameters could make big differences to the overall estimates. Campylobacter was estimated to have the most GP presentations with 43,000 (95% Cred. Int. 19,000 to 76,000) followed by norovirus with 17,000 (95% Cred. Int. 11,000 to 26,000) and Clostridium perfringens with 13,000 (95% Cred. Int. 6,000 to 29,000). For hospital admissions Campylobacter was estimated to have 3,500 (95% Cred. Int. 1,400 to 7,600), followed by norovirus 2,200 (95% Cred. Int. 1,500 to 3,100) and Salmonella with 2,100 admissions (95% Cred. Int. 400 to 9,900). As many of these credible intervals overlap, any ranking needs to be undertaken with caution. While the estimates provided in this report are for 2018 the methodology described can be applied to future years.
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Aldubyan, Mohammad, Moncef Krarti, and Eric Williams. Evaluating Energy Demand and Energy Efficiency Programs in Saudi Residential Buildings. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2020-mp05.

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This paper describes the development of the Residential Energy Model (REEM) for Saudi Arabia using an engineering bottom-up approach. The model can assess energy demand for the current residential building stock and the impact of energy efficiency and demand-side management programs. It accounts for the makeup and features of the Kingdom’s existing housing stock using 54 prototypes of residential buildings defined by three building types, three vintages, and six locations representing different climatic zones.
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Gundacker, Roman. Zur Lesung des Eigennamens des dritten und fünften Königs der VI. Dynastie. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/erc_stg_757951_r.gundacker_zur_lesung_des_eigennamens_des_dritten_und_fuenften_koenigs_der_vi._dynastie.

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The royal name borne by the third and fifth king of the VI dynasty is either read (a) Ppy (Ppjj) or (b) Pjpj. Even though the earlier option appears to represent better the actual hieroglyphic writing, the latter fits it no less, and there are parallels for either reading among hypocoristic names of the Old Kingdom with Ppy (Ppjj) belonging to a more common type than Pjpj. However, based on an analysis of hypocoristic names and the king list tradition down to Manetho, this royal name can be identified as a special kind of reduplicated hypocoristic name with a distinct stress pattern, which is characteristic for the Old Kingdom: Pjpj ~ *Păyắpăyă.
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Schmidt-Sane, Megan, Tabitha Hrynick, Southall Community Alliance SCA, Charlie Forgacz-Cooper, and Steve Curtis. Youth COVID-19 Vaccine Engagement in Ealing, London, United Kingdom. Institute of Development Studies, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.039.

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Despite progress in COVID-19 vaccination rates overall in Ealing, vaccine inequity persists as young people from minority communities are often less likely to be vaccinated. COVID-19 ‘vaccine hesitancy’ is not just an issue of misinformation or lack of information. ‘Vaccine hesitancy’ among young people is reflective of wider issues such as mistrust in the state or the medical establishment and negative experiences during the pandemic. This report is based on case study research conducted among minority youth (from ages 12-19) in the London borough of Ealing. While public discourse may label young people as “vaccine hesitant,” we found that there were differences based on social location and place. We found the greatest vaccine refusal among older youth (15+ years old), which in the context of this study were from minoritised communities who have experienced deprivation across the life course. Unvaccinated youth were also more likely to be from families and friend groups that were unvaccinated. While some expressed distrust of the vaccines, others reported that COVID-19 prevention was not a priority in their lives, but instead concerns over food security, livelihood, and education take precedence. Minoritised youth were more likely to report negative experiences with authorities, including teachers at their schools and police in their communities. Our findings demonstrate that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is embedded in a context that drives relationships of mistrust between minority communities and authorities, with implications for COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Young people’s attitudes toward vaccines are further patterned by experiences within their community, school, family, and friend groups.
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Anderson, Gordon, Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay, and Ignasi Merediz Solà. Measuring wellbeing growth and convergence in multivariate ordered categorical worlds: Has there been any levelling up in the United Kingdom? The IFS, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.ifs.2023.4223.

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Chamovitz, Daniel A., and Albrecht G. Von Arnim. eIF3 Complexes and the eIF3e Subunit in Arabidopsis Development and Translation Initiation. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7696545.bard.

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The original working hypothesis of our proposal was that The “e” subunit of eIF3 has multiple functions from both within the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. Within this model, we further hypothesized that the “e” subunit of eIF3 functions in translation as a repressor. We proposed to test these hypotheses along the following specific aims: 1) Determine the subcellular localization of the interaction between eIF3e and other eIF3 subunits, or the COP9 signalosome. 2) Elucidate the biological significance of the varied subcellular localizations of eIF3e through generating Arabidopsis eIF3e alleles with altered subcellular localization. 3.) Purify different eIF3e complexes by tandem affinity purification (TAP). 4) Study the role of eIF3e in translational repression using both in vitro and in planta assays. eIF3 is an evolutionarily ancient and essential component of the translational apparatus in both the plant and animal kingdoms. eIF3 is the largest, and in some ways the most mysterious, of the translation factors. It is a multi-subunit protein complex that has a structural/scaffolding role in translation initiation. However, despite years of study, only recently have differential roles for eIF3 in the developmental regulation of translation been experimentally grounded. Furthermore, the roles of individual eIF3 subunits are not clear, and indeed some, such as the “e” subunit may have roles independent of translation initiation. The original three goals of the proposal were technically hampered by a finding that became evident during the course of the research – Any attempt to make transgenic plants that expressed eIF3e wt or eIF3e variants resulted in seedling lethality or seed inviability. That is, it was impossible to regenerate any transgenic plants that expressed eIF3e. We did manage to generate plants that expressed an inducible form of eIF3e. This also eventually led to lethality, but was very useful in elucidating the 4th goal of the research (Yahalom et al., 2008), where we showed, for the first time in any organism, that eIF3e has a repressory role in translation. In attempt to solve the expression problems, we also tried expression from the native promoter, and as such analyzed this promoter in transgenic plants (Epel, 2008). As such, several additional avenues were pursued. 1) We investigated protein-protein interactions of eIF3e (Paz-Aviram et al., 2008). 2) The results from goal #4 led to a novel hypothesis that the interaction of eIF3e and the CSN meets at the control of protein degradation of nascent proteins. In other words, that the block in translation seen in csn and eIF3e-overexpressing plants (Yahalom et al., 2008) leads to proteasome stress. Indeed we showed that both over expression of eIF3e and the csn mutants lead to the unfolded protein response. 3) We further investigated the role of an additional eIF3 subunit, eIF3h, in transalational regulation in the apical meristem (Zhou et al., 2009). Epel, A. (2008). Characterization of eIF3e in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. In Plant Sciences (Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv University). Paz-Aviram, T., Yahalom, A., and Chamovitz, D.A. (2008). Arabidopsis eIF3e interacts with subunits of the ribosome, Cop9 signalosome and proteasome. Plant Signaling and Behaviour 3, 409-411. Yahalom, A., Kim, T.H., Roy, B., Singer, R., von Arnim, A.G., and Chamovitz, D.A. (2008). Arabidopsis eIF3e is regulated by the COP9 signalosome and has an impact on development and protein translation. Plant J 53, 300-311. Zhou, F., Dunlap, J.R., and von Arnim, A.G. The translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h is .1 involved in Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem maintenance and auxin response. (submitted to Development).
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Tedla, Jaya Shanker, Devika Rani Sangadala, Debjani Mukherjee, Ravi Shanker Reddy, Venkata Nagaraj Kakaraparthi, Kumar Gular, and Snehil Dixit. Quality of life among children with special needs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.3.0016.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to find the details of the quality of life among children with disabilities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Condition being studied: Quality of life is a holistic concept that goes beyond the health dimension. Quality of life is not affected by disability alone but also by the person's experiences. Different disorders affect neurological, sensory, respiratory, metabolic, cardiac, musculoskeletal, hematological, and autoimmune disorders, either prenatal, perinatal, post-natal or during the development of the children. These disorders affect any of the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual domains of the life of children. If any one aspect of domains of life is affected, which in turn influences the quality of life in these children. There is a prevalence of disability in children due to different disorders in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In the current systematic review, we intended to review the quality of life of children with different disorders in Saudi Arabia.
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