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Journal articles on the topic 'Three Phase Load Unbalance'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Durgayandi, Ravichandran, and Muruganantham Narayanan. "Effect of harmonics on reduction of unbalance in three-phase four wire composite network." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 30, no. 1 (2023): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v30.i1.pp24-32.

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The unbalanced current drawn by the composite loads in small-scale industries is mainly due to single-phase loads. Any operation of single-phase loads will cause unbalance of current and produce distortion due to non-linear loads. The neutral current is increased and voltage at the load end is reduced due to an increase in unbalanced linear loads. Industries find it difficult to balance the load and control the neutral current. To overcome the problem, this work aims to add a passive network in different configurations along with shunt active power filter. A set of linear and non-linear loads

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2

Ravichandran, Durgayandi, and Narayanan Muruganantham. "Effect of harmonics on reduction of unbalance in three-phase four wire composite network." Effect of harmonics on reduction of unbalance in three-phase four wire composite network 30, no. 1 (2023): 24–32. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v30.i1.pp24-32.

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The unbalanced current drawn by the composite loads in small-scale industries is mainly due to single-phase loads. Any operation of single-phase loads will cause unbalance of current and produce distortion due to non-linear loads. The neutral current is increased and voltage at the load end is reduced due to an increase in unbalanced linear loads. Industries find it difficult to balance the load and control the neutral current. To overcome the problem, this work aims to add a passive network in different configurations along with shunt active power filter. A set of linear and non-linear loads

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3

Kastawan, I. Made Wiwit, Parno Raharjo, and Mutiara Zahra Kurnia. "Effect of voltage supply unbalance on temperature distribution of three-phase induction motor." E3S Web of Conferences 479 (2024): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202447901005.

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Three-phase induction motor is the most popular kind of electric motor used in industrial applications. To operate in ideal condition, a three-phase induction motor should work on balance three-phase voltage supply. Unfortunately, it is often found that a three-phase induction motor operates under unbalance three-phase voltage supply. A three-phase induction motor operate under unbalance three-phase voltage supply shows different performances to that operate under balance three-phase voltage supply. In this paper, effect of three-phase voltage supply unbalance on temperature distribution of a

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4

Li, Yongxia, and Yulei Gong. "Design of Three Phase Load Unbalance Automatic Regulating System for Low Voltage Power Distribution Grids." MATEC Web of Conferences 173 (2018): 02040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817302040.

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In the three-phase four wire system of the low voltage side for the distribution grid, the phenomenon of asymmetrical and uneven single phase load were very common, causing unbalance in certain network. When unbalance exists, the system will have a larger line loss and the unbalanced loads can result in efficiency reduction of power energy and voltage quality decline. And then the safety and stabilization of power system in the low-voltage distribution grid will be directly affected. Therefore, based on the problems above, combined with the characteristic of the low voltage distribution grid i

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5

Karthik, B., Jerald Praveen Arokkia, S. Sreejith, and S. Rangarajan Shriram. "Three Phase Power Flow Incorporating Static Var Compensator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 573 (June 2014): 747–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.573.747.

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Application of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices in a power system is a promising and more efficient way for the transfer and control of bulk amount of power. One of the problems encountered in power-systems operation is the generation of unbalanced voltages and currents in the presence of long transmission lines with few or no transpositions. This includes possible unbalances arising in source and load conditions, or indeed any items of plant such as shunt and series reactors. To improve or investigate these unbalance effects in any detail, a 3-phase load-flow solution that all

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6

Djagolado, Martinus W., Amirullah Amirullah, and Saidah Saidah. "Pengembangan Nominal Aturan Fuzzy pada Metode Fuzzy Mamdani untuk Menyeimbangkan Beban Tiga Phasa pada Saluran Distribusi Tegangan Menengah." Rekayasa 14, no. 3 (2021): 431–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/rekayasa.v14i3.10655.

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The use of electrical equipment on the customer side with low voltage absorbs unbalanced power. The load unbalances in each phase will result in an unbalanced current, resulting in a phase voltage shift in the secondary coil of the 20 kV/380 V medium voltage transformer. Shifting the voltage in the distribution transformer phase, then causes the flow of current in the transformer neutral wire causing losses. This paper proposes a fuzzy logic method with the Mamdani fuzzy inference system (FIS) to balance three-phase load currents at seven feeders of 20 kV medium voltage distribution at PLN Ray

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7

Diao, Guanxun, Heli Ni, Wenrong Si, Yingjie Gu, and Jian Yang. "Multi-Physics Numerical Research in Oil-Immersed Three-Phase Transformer Under Load Unbalance." Energies 18, no. 5 (2025): 1217. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18051217.

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Transformers are susceptible to the influences of complex power grid systems, which may induce three-phase unbalance in transformers, thereby threatening their safety and stable operation. To better understand multiphysics interactions within a transformer under a three-phase load unbalance, a coupled multiphysics model is established and validated for an oil-immersed transformer based on the finite element method. The electromagnetic characteristics, conjugate heat transfer, and thermal stress of the transformer under three-phase load unbalance are analyzed, and the impact on the transformer’

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8

Cuong, Ngo Xuan, Le Anh Tuan, and Y. Do Nhu. "Effect of Voltage Unbalances on the Performance of a Three-phase Transformer." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1111, no. 1 (2022): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1111/1/012050.

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Abstract Mitigation and adaptation to climate change have been major driving forces in modernizing electric power infrastructure. Low power quality has a significant impact on electrical equipment efficiency. Voltage unbalances one of the issues with low power quality. This study used a simulation method for a power supply with a voltage unbalance to evaluate the effect of voltage unbalance on the performance of 3-phase transformers. The research results show that when voltage unbalance occurs, the working point with the maximum efficiency shifts and transformer efficiency is reduced in all lo

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9

Krisna Yoga, I. Kadek, Rukmi Sari Hartati, and Wayan Gede Ariastina. "PENGARUH KETIDAKSEIMBANGAN BEBAN TERHADAP PROFIL JARINGAN TEGANGAN RENDAH." Jurnal SPEKTRUM 10, no. 2 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/spektrum.2023.v10.i02.p1.

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Load imbalance occurs due to unequal distribution of load in each phase, this can occur in low voltage network distribution lines, one of which occurs in the DS0588 transformer, Merdeka feeder, Denpasar. Based on the data obtained, the percentage of DS0588 transformer load unbalance is 14%. The DS0588 transformer is one of the transformers at the Merdeka Denpasar Feeder with a capacity of 160 kVA which is located on Jalan Badak Agung, Renon Denpasar. Load unbalance data obtained at PLN UP3 South Bali. The research was carried out by the method of redistribution of the load on each phase under

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10

Vijayarajan, Singaraj, N. Kamaraj, and S. Selvaperumal. "Day and Night Utilization of Solar PV System Integrated with Stand Alone Wind Generator for Real and Reactive Power Management in Three Phase Unbalanced Load ." Applied Mechanics and Materials 573 (June 2014): 702–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.573.702.

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Utilizing the renewable energy at consumer side is not required additional transmission capacity. Solar power plant connected with wind generator can support real and reactive power to the unbalance three phase loads. The unbalance load always requires more reactive power compare to balanced load. The reactive power support demand of the unbalanced load is supplied by any conventional FACTS devices. These conventional devices add additional cost and require maintenance also. In this proposed system Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) based solar power plant acts like a STATCOM and reduces the additi

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11

Alhmoud, Lina, Qosai Nawafleh, and Waled Merrji. "Three-Phase Feeder Load Balancing Based Optimized Neural Network Using Smart Meters." Symmetry 13, no. 11 (2021): 2195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13112195.

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The electricity distribution system is the coupling point between the utility and the end-user. Typically, these systems have unbalanced feeders due to the variety of customers’ behaviors. Some significant problems occur; the unbalanced loads increase the operational cost and system investment. In radial distribution systems, swapping loads between the three phases is the most effective method for phase balancing. It is performed manually and subjected to load flow equations, capacity, and voltage constraints. Recently, due to smart grids and automated networks, dynamic phase balancing receive

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12

Chang, Chien-Kuo, Shih-Tang Cheng, and Bharath-Kumar Boyanapalli. "Three-Phase Unbalance Improvement for Distribution Systems Based on the Particle Swarm Current Injection Algorithm." Energies 15, no. 9 (2022): 3460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15093460.

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The aim of this study is to improve the three-phase unbalanced voltage at the secondary side of a distribution transformer. The proposed method involves compensation sources injecting three different single-phase currents into the connected point of a grid. The computations of optimal single-phase currents are performed using the circuit analysis method and particle swarm optimization algorithm. An unbalanced three-phase power distribution system model is constructed, including a transformer Δ–Δ connection, V–V connection, load balance, load unbalance combination, and three single-phase compen

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13

Rao, Bharath, Friederich Kupzog, and Martin Kozek. "Three-Phase Unbalanced Optimal Power Flow Using Holomorphic Embedding Load Flow Method." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (2019): 1774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061774.

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Distribution networks are typically unbalanced due to loads being unevenly distributed over the three phases and untransposed lines. Additionally, unbalance is further increased with high penetration of single-phased distributed generators. Load and optimal power flows, when applied to distribution networks, use models developed for transmission grids with limited modification. The performance of optimal power flow depends on external factors such as ambient temperature and irradiation, since they have strong influence on loads and distributed energy resources such as photo voltaic systems. To

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14

Nakadomari, Akito, Ryuto Shigenobu, Takeyoshi Kato, et al. "Unbalanced Voltage Compensation with Optimal Voltage Controlled Regulators and Load Ratio Control Transformer." Energies 14, no. 11 (2021): 2997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14112997.

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Penetration of equipment such as photovoltaic power generations (PV), heat pump water heaters (HP), and electric vehicles (EV) introduces voltage unbalance issues in distribution systems. Controlling PV and energy storage system (ESS) outputs or coordinated EV charging are investigated for voltage unbalance compensation. However, some issues exist, such as dependency on installed capacity and fairness among consumers. Therefore, the ideal way to mitigate unbalanced voltages is to use grid-side equipment mainly. This paper proposes a voltage unbalance compensation based on optimal tap operation

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15

Bellan, Diego. "Statistical Analysis of Voltage Unbalance Emission Due to Asymmetrical Loads in Three-Phase Power Systems." International Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing 16 (February 25, 2022): 747–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9106.2022.16.92.

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This paper investigates the statistical properties of the voltage unbalance factor in a three-phase system due to an asymmetrical three-phase load with uncertain parameters. The parameters of the three-phase load are treated as random variables with Gaussian distribution. Random asymmetry in the three-phase load results in random values of the voltage unbalance factor. The probability density function, the cumulative distribution function, the mean value and the variance of the voltage unbalance factor are derived in closed form and numerically validated. The obtained results are useful to pro

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16

Al-Naimi, Ibrahim I., Jasim A. Ghaeb, Mohammed J. Baniyounis, and Mustafa Al-Khawaldeh. "Fast detection technique for voltage unbalance in three-phase power system." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 12, no. 4 (2021): 2230. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v12.i4.pp2230-2242.

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In this paper, the problem of voltage unbalance in the three-phase power systems is examined. A fast detection technique (FDT) is proposed to detect the voltage unbalance precisely and speedily. The well-known detection methods require more than one cycle time to detect the unbalanced voltages, whereas the proposed technique detects the unbalanced situations speedily in a discrete manner. Reducing the time duration required to detect the unbalanced voltages will enhance the dynamic response of the control system used to balance these voltages. The FDT acquires the instantaneous values of the t

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17

Ibrahim, I. Al-Naimi, A. Ghaeb Jasim, J. Baniyounis Mohammed, and Al-Khawaldeh Mustafa. "Fast detection technique for voltage unbalance in three-phase power system." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 12, no. 4 (2021): 2230–42. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v12.i4.pp2230-2242.

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In this paper, the problem of voltage unbalance in the three-phase power systems is examined. A fast detection technique (FDT) is proposed to detect the voltage unbalance precisely and speedily. The well-known detection methods require more than one cycle time to detect the unbalanced voltages, whereas the proposed technique detects the unbalanced situations speedily in a discrete manner. Reducing the time duration required to detect the unbalanced voltages will enhance the dynamic response of the control system used to balance these voltages. The FDT acquires the instantaneous values of the t

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18

Zheng, Yan Wei, Zhong Hai Bai, and Zhi Quan Feng. "The Research of Unbalanced Three-Phase Adjustment in Distribution Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 263-266 (December 2012): 649–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.263-266.649.

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To balance three-phase loads in distribution network with abundant of single-phase loads, the idea of three-phase adjustment and wiring method is proposed in this paper. Three-phase adjustment controller is designed, and the least load adjustment strategy is proposed, which can adjust the three-phase load to roughly balance automatically. The system can solve the serious three-phase unbalance problem of the lines with single-phase load, which may instead of capacitive compensation in low voltage distribution network. It can improve power quality and reduce network losses.

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19

Wang, Min, Huilin Wang, Fanglin Zuo, Jie Zou, Yuan Chen, and Zixuan Yu. "A Consideration of the Single-Phase Photovoltaic and Energy Storage Joint Regulation of a Three-Phase Unbalanced Control Strategy in a Power Distribution System." Energies 16, no. 12 (2023): 4817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16124817.

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With a large amount of distributed power and energy storage access, the traditional three-phase unbalanced treatment of a power distribution system is mainly aimed at the three-phase unbalance of a load, which cannot effectively address the three-phase unbalance problem of a power distribution network after a large number of single-phase photovoltaic access. Therefore, this paper proposes a three-phase unbalanced treatment strategy for the distribution network, which considers the joint regulation ability of single-phase photovoltaic and energy storage and the regulation ability of a reactive

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20

Li, Zhenwei, Jianjun Wu, Kefei Long, et al. "Research on Commutation Switch to Control Three-phase Unbalance and Azimuth Configuration." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2195, no. 1 (2022): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2195/1/012035.

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Abstract The randomness of each phase load in the station combined with the distribution of new energy into the network has caused the three-phase unbalance to become more and more serious. The use of commutation switch to switch the three-phase unbalance load effectively solves the problem. Considering the number of commutation switches, the particle swarm algorithm is used to optimize the configuration orientation of the commutation switch and to improve the accuracy of the installation location of the commutation switch. Effectively reduces the three-phase unbalance in the platform area.

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21

Rudy, Gianto, and Purwoharjono. "Two-port network model of wind turbine generator for threephase unbalanced distribution system load flow analysis." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 1 (2022): 9–19. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i1.3074.

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An unbalanced electric power system can occur due to unequal lines and/or loads in each phase of the system. For a system with a high level of unbalance, the assumption that the system is balanced becomes incorrect. For a case like this, the system must be analyzed using three-phase approaches because single-phase analysis techniques can no longer be used to obtain accurate results. Therefore, the development of three-phase models of all components of the electric power system, including the wind turbine generating system (WTGS), is very important so that the system can properly be analyzed an

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22

Liang, Shangqing, Mingchao Yang, Guoqing Yang, Lin Wang, Xiong Cai, and Yuanguo Zhou. "Unbalanced Current Identification of Three-Core Power Cables Based on Phase Detection of Magnetic Fields." Sensors 23, no. 12 (2023): 5654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23125654.

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Identifying unbalanced phase currents is crucial for control and fault alarm rates in power grids, especially in urban distribution networks. The zero-sequence current transformer, specifically designed for measuring unbalanced phase currents, offers advantages in measurement range, identity, and size, compared to using three separate current transformers. However, it cannot provide detailed information on the unbalance status beyond the total zero-sequence current. We present a novel method for identifying unbalanced phase currents based on phase difference detection using magnetic sensors. O

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23

Wang, Xuejie, Yanchao Ji, Jianze Wang, et al. "Research on Reconfiguration of Distribution Network considering Three-Phase Unbalance." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (August 18, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9906100.

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In the distribution network, the addition of distributed power sources can improve the voltage part of the distribution system, provide uninterrupted power supply, and reduce network losses. The location of the power supply and its output will also directly affect the system voltage and power loss. Therefore, determining the optimal installation location and capacity of distributed power generation is of great significance to the distribution network. However, in the actual system, due to the unbalanced load distribution and the three-phase unbalance of the transmission line, the power distrib

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24

Popa, Gabriel Nicolae, Angela Iagăr, and Corina Maria Diniș. "Considerations on Current and Voltage Unbalance of Nonlinear Loads in Residential and Educational Sectors." Energies 14, no. 1 (2020): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010102.

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Most often, electrical consumers in the residential and educational sectors are different from industrial electrical consumers. Whereas the vast majority of industrial electrical consumers are low-voltage, three-phase (with three or four wires), electrical consumers in the residential and educational sectors are low-voltage, single-phase. However, in practice, electrical consumers in the residential and educational sectors are in large numbers. Usually, current and voltage unbalances are lower in the industrial sector compared to the residential and educational sectors, where there are a large

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25

Gianto, Rudy, and Purwoharjono Purwoharjono. "Two-port network model of wind turbine generator for three-phase unbalanced distribution system load flow analysis." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 1 (2022): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i1.3074.

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An unbalanced electric power system can occur due to unequal lines and/or loads in each phase of the system. For a system with a high level of unbalance, the assumption that the system is balanced becomes incorrect. For a case like this, the system must be analyzed using three-phase approaches because single-phase analysis techniques can no longer be used to obtain accurate results. Therefore, the development of three-phase models of all components of the electric power system, including the wind turbine generating system (WTGS), is very important so that the system can properly be analyzed an

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26

Zhang, Yuan Xing, Fei Li, Ya Li Shen, Lei Juan Yang, Jie Li, and Yao Liu. "Experimental Analysis on the Operating Performance of Induction Motor with Unbalance Power Supply Conditions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 635-637 (September 2014): 1404–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.635-637.1404.

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Problems of power quality have been increasingly concerned by the researchers, as the domestic appliances we are usually used are single-phase load, which mainly causes the unbalance of three-phase voltage of power supply. If the induction motor is supplied by three-phase unbalanced voltage, the currents, active and reactive power, efficiency, and losses are affected as the negative-sequence current appears, this paper is emphasized on the induction motor’s characteristics when its’ power supply is three-phase unbalanced voltage by experimental research.

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27

Bao, Guanghai, and Sikai Ke. "Load Transfer Device for Solving a Three-Phase Unbalance Problem Under a Low-Voltage Distribution Network." Energies 12, no. 15 (2019): 2842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12152842.

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In the low-voltage (LV) distribution network, a three-phase unbalance problem often exists. It does not only increase line loss but also threaten the safety of the distribution network. Therefore, the author designs a residential load transfer device for a LV distribution network that can deal with a three-phase unbalance problem by changing the connecting phase of the load. It consists of three parts: user controller for phase swapping, central controller for signal processing and monitoring platform for strategy calculation. This design was based on message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT)

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28

Zhao, Yu, Yanping Liu, Shaoxian Chu, Gang Liu, and Yue Xie. "Experimental Study on Electromagnetic Interference on control cable from two unbalanced 10 kV Power Cables." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2625, no. 1 (2023): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2625/1/012022.

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Abstract The occurrence of unpredicted and sudden failures in power cables seriously threatened the nearby control cables. Two cases of unbalance in the three-phase current load originate from a high horsepower pump and a sudden power off in an MW pump, resulting in an error signal detected in the adjacent control cable. However, these two cases just occurred once during the plant operation; no more history records can be a reference. In this paper, a typical power cable and control cable structure was constructed, typical accidents in power cables were considered, and electromagnetic interfer

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29

Ibrahim, Altawil, Obeidat Ehab, A. Mahafzah Khaled, and Albatianeh Zaid. "Salp swarm algorithm for optimal load balancing in low voltage networks." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems 13, no. 4 (2022): 2506~2514. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i4.pp2506-2514.

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Distribution networks for low voltage (LV) are three-phase networks. It mostly serves single-phase end customers with a variety of load characteristics. Because each customer's load behavior differs, the current on the LV networks feeder is shared unequally, leading in an im-balance problem. This research investigates an efficient distribution of single-phase loads amongst three phase networks using the salp swarm algorithm (SSA) to phase swap consumers between phases. Customers are rearranged and their loads are switched from heavy to light to achieve phase shifting. Jordan's electric

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Efri Wildan Hafiz, Adi Sastra P. Tarigan, and Solly Aryza. "Improved Microcontroller-Based 3 Phase Induction Motor Protection From A Variety Of Interruptions." International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) 3, no. 1 (2022): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.53695/injects.v3i1.765.

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Different types of human labour in the contemporary era of globalization rely on electronic tools like 3-phase induction motors. The usage of a 3-phase induction motor in this investigation is essential for synchronized gait and function. Due to differences in the R, S, and T phase angles, which result in an uneven load overload in the electricity distribution system, voltage changes between the three phases of the electrical energy system arise. Overvoltage, Undervoltage, Unbalanced Inter-Phase Voltage (unbalance voltage), Overload (overload), and Overheat are a few of the issues that might a

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Altawil, Ibrahim A. I., and Mohammad Awad Momani. "Load Balancing in Distribution Networks based on SSA Optimized Algorithm." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 19 (July 30, 2024): 256–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232016.2024.19.23.

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The low voltage power distribution networks are three-phase networks where most of the clients are supplied from a different single phase with different load behavior. This way of supply causes several problems that imply the unbalance in the voltage percentage (UV %) in the three phases, and unbalanced increase in the neutral currents and power loss limits. One of the mitigation techniques for such problems is through swamping customers between phases and applying much simpler and more reliable smart systems to resolve the balancing problems. The introduction of an automated method based on a

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32

Bellan, Diego. "Probabilistic Modeling of Negative-Sequence Current in Three-Phase Power Systems with Statistically Unbalanced Phases." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 17 (November 11, 2022): 364–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232016.2022.17.36.

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In this work the parameters of an unbalanced three-phase component, such as a load or a transmission line, are described as random variables with known statistical properties. It is well-known that phase unbalancing leads to injected current in the negative-sequence circuit producing propagation of voltage unbalance and malfunctioning of power system components. In this paper, the injected current is described in probabilistic terms as a function of the statistical properties of the component unbalancing. In particular, approximate expressions for the probability density function, the mean val

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Tse, C. T., W. C. Lam, and W. C. Lo. "Impact of Unbalance Single-phase Traction Load to Three-phase Power System." HKIE Transactions 19, no. 1 (2012): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1023697x.2012.10668241.

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Artemenko, M. Yu, Yu V. Kutafin, P. B. Fedorchenko, V. V. Chopyk, and I. A. Shapoval. "OVERCOMING THE THIRD HARMONIC PROBLEM IN THE THEORY OF ACTIVE FILTRATION OF THREE-PHASE THREE-WIRE POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS." Praci Institutu elektrodinamiki Nacionalanoi akademii nauk Ukraini 2025, no. 70 (2025): 84–92. https://doi.org/10.15407/publishing2025.70.084.

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In this paper the mechanism of occurrence and a quantitative assessment of the third harmonic effect in the instantane-ous active current vector of a three-phase power supply system with symmetrical sinusoidal source voltages in the pres-ence of line load asymmetry are elucidated. It is shown that additional filtering of the instantaneous reactive power pulsating component of the consumed three-phase current eliminates the problem of the third harmonic and fully corre-sponds to shunt active filtering by the integral orthogonal components of the unbalance power. A new method of shunt active fil

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35

Zhang, Yi, XianBo Sun, Li Zhu, ShengXin Yang, and YueFei Sun. "Research on Three-Phase Unbalanced Commutation Strategy Based on the Spotted Hyena Optimizer Algorithm." Complexity 2022 (July 16, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2092421.

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Aimed at that ubiquitous three-phase unbalance problem in low-voltage distribution networks, the spotted hyena optimizer (SHO) algorithm is used to optimize the commutation strategy of the three-phase load unbalance. A multitarget swapping mathematical model was designed, and the objective was quickly resolved by relying on the excellent commutation strategy of the SHO. Finally, a case analysis was carried out on the data of a station area in Enshi, Hubei Province, and the results verify this swapping strategy can effectively reduce the unbalance rate.

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Naumov, Igor, Sergey Podyachikh, Dmitri Ivanov, Alexander Tretyakov, and Andrey Bastron. "Analysis of unbalanced load low-voltage electrical networks operating modes." E3S Web of Conferences 295 (2021): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129502005.

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The article discusses distribution electrical networks 0.38 kV operating modes, feeding individual residential buildings. The electrical energy parameters measurement were certified RESURS-UF2M device carried out. The currents and voltages time diagrams based on the measurements made and using Matlab technologies were constructed. It is established that the level of phase currents unbalance is quite high and causes significant three-phase power supply system unbalance voltage accordingly. The power of quality indicators - calculations, characterizing voltage unbalance were made, which were bas

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37

Enrique, C. Quispe, D. López Iván, J. T. E. Ferreira Fernando, and Sousa Vladimir. "Unbalanced Voltages Impacts on the Energy Performance of Induction Motors." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 3 (2018): 1412–22. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i3.pp1412-1422.

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This paper presents the results of a study about the effects of unbalanced voltages on the energy performance of three-phase induction motors. The principal contribution of this paper is that presents a detailed analysis of the influence of positive and negative sequence voltage components and the angle between them on several characteristics such as: line currents, losses, efficiency and power factor under different voltage unbalanced conditions. A three-phase induction motor of 3 HP was used as a case study. The results of the investigation show that the positive sequence voltage must be con

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38

Tang, Zhong, Xiyao Li, Xin Liu, Hui Ren, and Biao Zhang. "Dynamic Balance Method for Grading the Chain Drive Double Threshing Drum of a Combine Harvester." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3 (2020): 1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10031026.

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Although the individual threshing drum of a combine harvester was balanced on a dynamic balancing machine before it is assembled, there were still unbalances after multiple drums were assembled with the chain drive. In this paper, the double drums with a chain drive of a crawler combined harvester were selected as the research subject. The aim of this study was to develop a dynamic unbalance mode for grading chain drive double drums. Based on the dynamic unbalance characteristics of the main driven drum, the experimental research on the radial balance of the driven drum end face was carried ou

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Sutejo, Aji Ragasukma, Sutedjo Sutedjo, M. Machmud Rifadil, and Regina Salsabila. "Penyeimbangan Beban Sistem Kelistrikan Tiga Fasa Berbasis Fuzzy Logic." TELKA - Telekomunikasi Elektronika Komputasi dan Kontrol 9, no. 1 (2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/telka.v9n1.1-8.

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Ketidakseimbangan beban pada suatu sistem distribusi tenaga listrik selalu terjadi dikarenakan pembagian beban satu fasa tidak merata. Membiarkannya dalam waktu lama akan menyebabkan arus netral. Ketidakseimbangan beban ini terjadi karena adanya perbedaan nilai arus yang signifikan pada setiap fasanya. Untuk mengatasi ketidakseimbangan beban yang berlebihan maka kami membuat penelitian penyeimbangan beban sistem kelistrikan tiga fasa berbasis Fuzzy Logic yang telah dirancang dengan standar ketidakseimbangan beban 5% menurut IEC yang membandingkan arus setiap fase. Logika Fuzzy mempunyai efek m

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Indrianto, Rifdian, Hartono Hartono, Kustori Kustori, Slamet Hariyadi, and Suhanto Suhanto. "SISTEM PROTEKSI DAN MONITORING KESEIMBANGAN BEBAN TIGA FASA PADA JARINGAN DISTRIBUSI TEGANGAN RENDAH MENGGUNAKAN MIKROKONTROLER BERBASIS IOT." Jurnal Penelitian 8, no. 2 (2023): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.46491/jp.v8i2.1502.

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Three-phase electrical systems are widely used by industrial consumers because of their large power requirements. The 3-phase system is more economical in the delivery of electrical power than the single-phase system because the conductor used is smaller for the same power. A 3-phase system is said to be balanced if the load used is also balanced between the three R-S-T phases. However, in practice the balance of the three phases is very difficult to achieve because the electrical load of each house or industry is not necessarily identical. As a result of this imbalance between the R-S-T phase

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Kastawan, I. M. W., P. Raharjo, R. D. Kusumah, and M. Z. Kurnia. "Effect of Voltage Supply Unbalance on Vibration of Three-Phase Induction Motor." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2828, no. 1 (2024): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2828/1/012010.

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Abstract The three-phase induction motor is the most popular electric motor used in industry. It has a simple and robust construction as well as a higher power density. It is a self-starting motor, therefore easier to start as compared to other types of electric motor. As the other benefit, a three-phase induction motor requires fewer maintenance measures. In order to maintain proper and continued operation, many parameters of a three-phase induction motor are constantly monitored. Among them is motor vibration. This is an important operation parameter frequently used to determine repair and m

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Raef, Aboelsaud, Ibrahim A., and G. Garganeev Alexander. "Review of three-phase inverters control for unbalanced load compensation." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive System (IJPEDS) 10, no. 1 (2020): 242–55. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i1.pp242-255.

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In the microgrid systems, three-phase inverter becomes the main power electronic interface for renewable distributed energy resources (DERs), especially for the islanded microgrids in which the power quality is easily affected by unbalanced and nonlinear loads, this is due to the fact that the voltage and frequency of the microgrid are not supported by the main power grid but determined only by the inverters. Therefore, the compensation of the load unbalances and harmonics in autonomous microgrid inverters are getting more attention in power quality research areas. The main purpose of this pap

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43

El Hassan, Moustapha, Maged Najjar, and Ramez Tohme. "A Practical Way to Balance Single Phase Loads in a Three Phase System at Distribution and Unit Level." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 20 (September 2022): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj20.255.

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The crucial worry in the production of electricity is to be certain that the supplied electricity meets international standards. The growing environmental alerts and the advancement in technology led to the integration of eco-friendly energy sources such as photovoltaic cells and wind turbines to local power grids. Although they provide additional power, the hazardous distribution of these sources in the grid does not benefit power quality measures. This, in addition to the un-linearity in consumption curves, make load balancing at distribution level a must to apply. To achieve the sought bala

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Quispe, Enrique C., Iván D. López, Fernando J. T. E. Ferreira, and Vladimir Sousa. "Unbalanced Voltages Impacts on the Energy Performance of Induction Motors." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 3 (2018): 1412. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i3.pp1412-1422.

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<p class="Abstract">This paper presents the results of a study about the effects of unbalanced voltages on the energy performance of three-phase induction motors. The principal contribution of this paper is that presents a detailed analysis of the influence of positive and negative sequence voltage components and the angle between them on several characteristics such as: line currents, losses, efficiency and power factor under different voltage unbalanced conditions. A three-phase induction motor of 3 HP was used as a case study. The results of the investigation show that the positive se

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45

Komeno, André S. F., Anésio L. F. Filho, Joao Y. Ishihara, and Victor P. Brasil. "Three-phase Quaternion Power in Three-wire Systems." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 19 (September 2021): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj19.327.

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Instantaneous power theory has a central role in power systems analysis. Among mathematical settings used for the development of this theory, quaternion algebra has been used for describing electrical variables in recent works. In this context, this paper aims to describe three-phase power in a quaternion framework. We analyze quaternion power for balanced and unbalanced delta loads, comparing the expressions obtained to the usual expressions of complex power. The quaternion power expression obtained also makes it natural to introduce a decomposition of the unbalanced load in terms of a balanc

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46

Leou, Rong-Ceng, Jen-Hao Teng, Yun-Fang Li, Wei-Min Lin, and Yu-Hung Lin. "System Unbalance Analyses and Improvement for Rooftop Photovoltaic Generation Systems in Distribution Networks." Energies 13, no. 8 (2020): 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13081996.

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This paper studies the system unbalance caused by rooftop Photovoltaic Generation Systems (PVGSs) in distribution networks and proposes an improved method. The voltage and current unbalance studies for three extreme cases considering all rooftop PVGSs being connected to one single phase and then the stochastic analyses for the integration cases of rooftop PVGSs are considered. These three extreme cases lead to severe system unbalance problems. An improving method that combines the On Load Tap Changer (OLTC) and the optimal phase arrangement of distribution transformers is proposed in this pape

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47

Aboelsaud, Raef, A. Ibrahim, and Alexander G. Garganeev. "Review of three-phase inverters control for unbalanced load compensation." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 1 (2019): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i1.pp242-255.

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<span>In the microgrid systems, three-phase inverter becomes the main power electronic interface for renewable distributed energy resources (DERs), especially for the islanded microgrids in which the power quality is easily affected by unbalanced and nonlinear loads, this is due to the fact that the voltage and frequency of the microgrid are not supported by the main power grid but determined only by the inverters. Therefore, the compensation of the load unbalances and harmonics in autonomous microgrid inverters are getting more attention in power quality research areas. The main purpose

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48

K.V, Kandasamy, and Sarat Kumar Sahoo. "Harmonic Comparison of Three Phase Direct Matrix Converter for Reactive Load with Balance and Unbalance Supply Voltage." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 9, no. 1 (2018): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v9.i1.pp345-356.

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<span lang="EN-IN">This paper presents harmonic analysis of matrix converter using different control technique for balance and Unbalance three phase input voltage of reactive load. Since Matrix converter is subject to affected either by external disturbance or by load conditions. Due to this the supply voltage becomes unbalance. This cause improper switching of matrix converter results higher harmonics. This harmonics are harmful to the quality of the output power. The switching sequence of the matrix converter is controlled by vector control method. Different control technique is propos

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49

Jassim, Abdulsatar, Arkan Hussein, and Laith Abbas. "The Performance of a Three-Phase Induction Motor under and over Unbalance Voltage." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 28, no. 2 (2021): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.28.2.02.

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Voltage unbalance is an adverse global phenomenon impacting three-phase induction motor output. Three-phase source voltage may become imbalanced in a variety of respects, while a balanced system preserves stable voltage magnitude and angles in three phases, but a completely balanced state is difficult to get. Imbalanced cases may differ in multiple ranges which may practically affect the motor. So, this work is an effort to analyze the operations with appropriate propositions. The output of a three-phase induction motor working with an imbalanced supply grid, MATLAB/SIMULINK is further used fo

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50

Zhang, Yun Shan, Yu Jie Pei, Jian Guo Xu, Yao Ding Gu, Jun Dong, and Shu Han Wang. "The Constant Voltage Composite Control Method of the SVC with Unbalanced Load Compensation." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 1332–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.1332.

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in practical application of SVC, unbalanced load system exists on many sites, and the voltage at system access point is required to meet the demand of power grid operation. This paper describes a SVC constant voltage control method for an unbalanced load system. the control algorithm controls the voltage at evaluation point to reach the preset range while compensating reactive power of unbalanced load system. the control method could compensate an unbalanced load system into a balanced system, at the same time, the voltage at access point could meet the demand of power grid operation. This con

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