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1

Simmonds, Rachel Elizabeth. "Protein S deficiency and familial thrombophilia." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267993.

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2

Beauchamp, Nicholas James. "Molecular genetic basis of inherited thrombophilia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287349.

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3

Sanson, Bernd-Jan. "Risks of thrombophilia and diagnostics of pulmonary embolism." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2000. http://dare.uva.nl/document/83894.

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4

Lijfering, Willem Marten. "Thrombophilia issue or non-issue in clinical practice? /." [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University of Groningen] [Host], 2008. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/.

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5

Ibrahim, Ayman Hussein. "The thrombomodulin gene and its contribution to adverse pregnancy outcome." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288113.

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6

Jennings, I. "An investigation of diagnostic errors in laboratory screening for thrombophilia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419385.

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7

Folkeringa, Nienke. "Pregnancy-related thrombosis and fetal loss in women with thrombophilia." [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University of Groningen] [Host], 2009. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/.

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8

Pecheniuk, Natalie Maria. "DNA analysis of common genetic variations which predispose to thrombophilia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000.

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9

Wakeman, Lisa Jayne. "Whole blood platelet function testing as an adjunct to thrombophilia screening." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.601348.

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Platelet hyperaggregability, including Sticky Platelet Syndrome has been identified as a cause of thrombotic conditions including venous thrombosis and foetal loss. The laboratory diagnosis of classical Sticky Platelet Syndrome is based on enhanced platelet aggregation responses to submaximallevels of adenosine diphosphate and epinephrine by optical aggregometry techniques. This study sought to evaluate platelet hyperaggregability by Multiple Electrode Aggregometry, PFA-100 analysis and quantitative analysis of associated platelet parameters as an adjunct to thrombophilia screening. Forty nine patients and 50 control subjects (nonna! volunteers) were investigated in this study. Multiple Electrode Aggregometry was performed on all participants at standard and submaxima! concentrations of adenosine diphosphate, collagen, thrombin receptor agonist protein-6, arachidonic acid and epinephrine together with PFA-100 closure times, immature platelet fraction, mean platelet volume, plateletcrit, platelet distribution width and platelet-large cell ratio measurement. Statistically significant differences in PFA-100 (collagen/adenosine diphosphate cartridges) were observed between the test and control cohort. Observations of study results and clinical presentation in the test cohort identified results outside of reference ranges in symptomatic and asymptomatic test individuals in whom no abnormalities were recorded by conventional thrombophilia testing. Binary logistic regression models identified that mean platelet volume levels were found to contribute significantly to the prediction of whether an individual presented as a member of the test or control cohort. Mean platelet volume was also shown to contribute significantly to predicting whether a participant feU into test and control subgroups. Study results suggest that evaluation of platelet reactivity by whole blood platelet analysis may play a role as an adjunct to conventional laboratory investigation of patients who present for thrombophilia screening.
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10

Gomer, Kerry Gretchen. "Women, birth control pills, and thrombophilia an analysis of current risk communication /." Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1247509090/.

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11

Tagalakis, Vasiliki. "The role of inherited thrombophilia in peripheral vein infusion thrombophlebitis : a pilot study." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79140.

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Background. Peripheral vein infusion thrombophlebitis (PVIT) is a complication of intravenous therapy. We hypothesized that inherited thrombophilia may increase the risk of PVIT.
Purpose. In preparation for a multi-center study of our hypothesis, we conducted a pilot study to estimate PVIT incidence, measure the prevalence of inherited thrombophilia, and pilot test the study procedures.
Methods. A prospective case-control study of 25 cases (patients with PVIT) matched on catheter duration to 25 controls. PVIT risk factors and inherited thrombophilia were assessed.
Results. PVIT incidence was 14 per 1000 catheter-days. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of the inherited thrombophilia disorders among cases and controls (32% vs. 48%). A previous history of PVIT was noted in 4 cases compared to 0 controls. Procedural problems included a high rate of non-consent and inadequate communication with the laboratory.
Conclusions. Though an association between PVIT and inherited thrombophilia was not shown, a previous history of PVIT among cases supports a biological predisposition to PVIT. Our pilot study did provide useful data on PVIT incidence and procedural issues used to design a more definitive study of inherited thrombophilia and PVIT.
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12

HELLMANN, ELIZABETH ANN. "KNOWLEDGE, HEALTH PERCEPTION AND INFORMATION SATISFACTION OF INDIVIDUALS WITH FACTOR V LEIDEN THROMBOPHILIA." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1022855574.

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13

Al, Frouh Fadi. "Analyse des facteurs de risque de maladie thromboembolique veineuse (MTEV) chez les femmes sous contraception oestroprogestative." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0663/document.

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L'objectif de notre première étude était d'identifier les déterminants génétiques et environnementaux du risque de maladie thromboembolique veineuse (MTEV) chez les femmes sous contraceptifs oraux combinés (COC). Après ajustement pour les facteurs confondants, les principaux déterminants environnementaux de la MTEV étaient le tabagisme (OR = 1,65) et un indice de masse corporelle supérieur à 35 kg.m2 (OR = 3,46). En outre, la thrombophilie héréditaire sévère (OR = 2,13) et les groupes sanguins non-O (OR = 1,98). Nous avons confirmé que l’histoire familiale au premier degré de MTEV prédit mal la thrombophilie. En conclusion, cette étude confirme l'influence du tabagisme et de l'obésité et pour la première fois l'impact du groupe sanguin ABO sur le risque de MTEV chez les femmes sous COC. Elle confirme également la faible sensibilité de l'histoire familiale de MTEV pour dépister les thrombophilies héréditaires.Le but de la deuxième étude était d'étudier, chez les utilisatrices de COC, l'impact des polymorphismes génétiques nouvellement identifiés par les études pangénomiques associés au risque de MTEV dans la population générale. Neuf polymorphismes situés sur les gènes KNG1, F11, F5, F2, PROCR, FGG, TSPAN15 et SLC44A2 ont été génotypés dans un échantillon de 766 cas et 464 témoins dans le cadre de l’étude PILGRIM. Seul le polymorphisme rs2289252 situé sur le F11 était significativement associé au risque de MTEV. La présence de l’allèle rs2289252-A du F11 était associée à un risque accru de MTEV (OR =1,6). En outre, la combinaison de l’allèle rs2289252-A et du groupe sanguin non-O, était associée à un risque d’OR de 4
The aim of our first study was to identify the genetic and environmental determinants of venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk in a large sample of women using combined oral contraceptives (COC). A total of 968 women with a personal history of VTE during COC use were compared with 874 women under COC, but no personal history of VTE. After adjustment for confounding factors, the main environmental determinants of VTE were smoking odds ratio (OR = 1.65) and a body mass index greater than 35 kg.m-2 (OR = 3.46). In addition, severe hereditary thrombophilia (OR = 2.13) and non-O blood groups (OR = 1.98) have been shown to be important genetic risk factors for VTE under COC. First-degree family history of VTE predicts thrombophilia poorly. In conclusion, this study confirms the influence of smoking and obesity and for the first time the impact of ABO blood group on the risk of VTE in women under COC It also confirms the low sensitivity of the family history of VTE to detect hereditary thrombophilia. The purpose of the second study was to study, in COC users, the impact of newly identified genetic polymorphisms by genome-wide as associated with the risk of VTE in the general population. Nine polymorphisms on the KNG1, F11, F5, F2, PROCR, FGG, TSPAN15 and SLC44A2 genes were genotyped in a sample of 766 patients and 464 controls in the PILGRIM study. Only the rs2289252 polymorphism on the F11 was significantly associated with the risk of VTE. The presence of the F11 rs2289252-A allele was associated with an increased risk of VTE (OR = 1.6). In addition, the combination of the rs2289252-A allele and the non-O blood group was associated with an OR risk of 4
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14

Martinelli, Ida Marianna. "Clinical studies on hereditary thrombophilia a focus on resistance to activated protein C (factor V:Q506) /." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit van Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1997. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5929.

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15

PONTRELLI, GIUSEPPE. "Thrombophilia, systemic inflammation and prevention of cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents with HIV infection." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1430.

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La malattia aterosclerotica inizia già dalla seconda decade di vita. Insieme ai tradizionali fattori di rischio associati (fumo, colesterolo, ipertensione) negli ultimi anni si è andata caratterizzando il ruolo dell’infiammazione, risultata, da studi di base confermati da numerose osservazioni cliniche, una componente patogenetica rilevante nell’insorgenza e progressione della lesione aterosclerotica. Patologie associate ad infiammazione sistemica come il Lupus Eritematoso o la malattia di Kawasaki sono considerate condizioni a rischio moderato di aterosclerosi in età pediatrica. Anche l’infezione da HIV si associa ad alti livelli di infiammazione sistemica, fattore con un ruolo riconosciuto da tempo nell’accelerare l’immunodeficienza caratteristica della malattia. L’introduzione della cART (terapia antiretrovirale di combinazione) ha consentito negli ultimo 15 anni una riduzione straordinaria dell’incidenza di malattie opportunistiche associate all’AIDS (Sindrome da Immunodeficienza Acquisita), e una riduzione della mortalità, ma si è contemporaneamente assistito ad un aumento dell’incidenza di malattie non associate ad immunodeficienza, tra cui un ruolo principale è costituito dall’aterosclerosi e alle altre malattie cardiovascolari associate alla trombosi. Nell’adulto un recente trial randomizzato (SMART trial) ha mostrato che la replicazione virale incontrollata risulta essere un fattore di rischio non solo per la progressione dell’immunodeficienza, ma anche per l’incidenza e mortalità da malattia cardiovascolare. Il ruolo dell’infezione da HIV come fattore di rischio per l’aterosclerosi e le malattie cardiovascolari è poco conosciuto in età pediatrica, popolazione in cui, anche se è minore l’incidenza di manifestazioni cliniche, tale indagine è resa più appropriata per il minore ruolo concomitante di altri fattori confondenti (es. ipertensione, iperglicemia). In una prima fase del progetto di ricerca è stata indagata la prevalenza in bambini ed adolescenti con infezione da HIV seguiti presso l’Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù di Roma, della sindrome metabolica (ipercolesterolemia, iperglicemia, ipertrigliceridemia), già descritta e caratterizzata nei pazienti adulti con infezione da HIV in trattamento con farmaci antiretrovirali. Successivamente, e per la prima volta, è stata indagata l’associazione tra replicazione virale, infiammazione sistemica e anomalie della coagulazione (trombofilia) in una coorte di bambini e adolescenti con infezione da HIV, producendo dati originali pubblicati nel Febbraio 2010 (Pontrelli et al, AIDS). Sono stati studiati i livelli di attività della proteina S e proteina C anticoagulante e dell’antitrombina, insieme con il fibrinogeno, il D-dimero, la proteina C-reattiva e l’omocisteina. L’ipotesi che la viremia HIV determinasse aumento dei markers di infiammazione e alterazione dei markers di coagualazione è stata verificata confrontando i valori in pazienti con alta viremia (HVL, High Viral Load: HIV-RNA>1000 copie/mL) con i valori dei pazienti a bassa viremia (Low Viral Load, LVL: HIV-RNA<1000 copie/mL). All’analisi univariata è seguita un’analisi multivariata che ha valutato il ruolo di altre variabili demografiche, cliniche e terapeutiche potenzialmente confondenti. Sono stati arruolati un totale di ottantotto pazienti (età media 13.5 anni, CD4 medi 30%, 72% pazienti nel gruppo LVL). Lo studio ha evidenziato un deficit di proteina S e C anticoagulante rispettivamente del 51 e 8%. I pazienti nel gruppo HVL hanno presentato una riduzione significativa dei livelli di proteina S, proteina C e antitrombina, ed un aumento dei livelli di D-dimero. La riduzione di proteina S (-11.2%, P=0.04) e l’aumento di D-dimero (+0.13mg/ml, P=0.004) sono risultati associati in maniera indipendente con l’alta viremia anche nell’analisi multivariata. In conclusione lo studio ha dimostrato che in era cART, bambini ed adolescenti con infezione da HIV presentano un’alta prevalenza di alterazioni trombofiliche. L’analisi multivariata ha mostrato che la replicazione virale si associa in maniera significativa ed indipendente alla diminuizione della proteina S anticoagulante e all’aumento di D-dimero, suggerendo il vantaggio della terapia soppressiva sul mantenimento dell’omeostasi coagulativa e l’opportunità di una prevenzione attiva di tutti i fattori di rischio cardiovascolari a partire dall’età pediatrica.
Atherosclerosis begins early in the lifetime and, as for other cardiovascular diseases associated with thrombosis, appears more relevant and anticipated in HIV-infected patients after combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has reduced AIDS-related diseases and has improved survival. Systemic chronic inflammation, a condition associated with HIV, could have a role in determining anticipated cardiovascular diseases since it is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. The association between viral replication, inflammation and coagulation abnormalities in a cohort of HIV-infected children and adolescents was investigated as aim of this research project. In a first part of the research, prevalence of metabolic syndrome (hyper-cholesterolemia, hyper-trigliceridemia, hyper-glicemia), well characterized in adults on antiretroviral treatment, was studied in the cohort of children and adolescents. In the second part, assays on thrombophilia (protein S, protein C anticoagulant and antithrombin activity), were done together with fibrinogen, D-dimer, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, homocysteine and metabolic exams. Patients with high viral load (HVL, HIV-RNA>1000 copies/ml) were compared with those in patients with a lower replication (LVL), adjusting for other demographic, clinical and therapeutic covariates. Eighty-eight patients (mean age 13.5 years, CD4 30%, 72% with LVL) were enrolled. A prevalence of protein S and protein C deficiency of 51 and 8% was, respectively, found. HVL group compared to LVL showed a significant reduction of protein S, protein C and antithrombin activities, and an increase of D-dimer levels. The independent association of HVL with decreased protein S activity (-11.2%, P=0.04) and increased D-dimer levels (+0.13mg/ml, P=0.004) was confirmed in the multivariate model. In conclusion HIV-infected children and adolescents present high prevalence of thrombophilic abnormalities. The multivariate model confirmed that high viral replication is independently associated with decrease of protein S and increase of D-dimer, suggesting the advantage of suppressive therapy on coagulation homeostasis and the opportunity of an active control of cardiovascular risk factors starting at a younger age.
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16

Sastry, Sanjay Dwarakanath. "The role of venous-to-arterial circulation shunts and thrombophilia in ischaemic events in young adults." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493423.

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The cause of myocardial infarction (MI) and ischaemic stroke (IS) in young adults is often uncertain and paradoxical embolism may be more frequent than previously thought. Contrast transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a simple, non-invasive technique for the detection of venous-to-arterial circulation shunts (v-aCS). We investigated the frequency of v-aCS, usually patent foramen ovale (PFO), and thrombophilia in young adults suffering MI and IS and matched healthy controls. We validated our contrast TCD protocol for its reproducibility and by comparison with transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE).
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17

Maleki-Yazdi, Keon. "The genetic determinants of small-for-gestational-age infants in thrombophilia and folate metabolism pathways investigated through meta-analysis." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121509.

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Background: Previous data have demonstrated associations for an increased risk of the small-for-gestational-age (SGA) outcome in offspring of pregnant women with thrombophilia and folate metabolism gene polymorphisms. However, these results have not been consistent.Methods: The objective of this thesis is to review genetic association studies in thrombophilia and folate metabolism pathways for the SGA outcome (defined as birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age and sex according to national standards). We performed a series of meta-analyses for commonly studied maternal and newborn gene variants within the two pathways: prothrombin G20210A and factor V G1691A (Leiden) in the thrombophilia pathway, as well as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C in the folate metabolism pathway. Results: In the thrombophilia pathway, the meta-analysis indicated an increased odds of SGA births among mothers carrying prothrombin G20210A (odds ratio=1.39 [95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 1.76]). Non-significant findings were found for maternal carriage of factor V Leiden, as well as prothrombin G20210A and factor V Leiden among newborn carriers. With respect to the folate metabolism pathway, maternal carriers of MTHFR C677T (odds ratio=1.22 [95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 1.42]), maternal homozygous MTHFR C677T (odds ratio=1.18 [95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 1.35]), and maternal homozygous A1298C (odds ratio=0.70 [95% confidence interval, 0.50 to 0.98]) were the only genotypes that reached statistical significance.Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis to indicate significant associations between an increased risk of SGA and maternal prothrombin G20210A carriers, maternal MTHFR C677T carriers, and homozygous mothers for MTHFR C677T. We also reported that pregnant women homozygous for MTHFR A1298C were at a decreased risk of SGA births.
Contexte: La variation d'un seul élément du code moléculaire dite polymorphisme du nucléotide simple ou SNP peut contribuer à l'incidence de maladies dites complexes. Certains SNPs sur des gènes de thrombophilie et du métabolisme de l'acide folique dans le génome de la mère ont été associés avec un risque accru pour leurs bébés de naître petits pour leur âge gestationnel (PAG). Cependant, ces résultats ne sont pas uniformes. Méthodes: Cette thèse recense les études portant sur les SNPs dans les voies métaboliques de thrombophilie et du cycle du folate et l'issue de grossesse PAG (définie par un poids à la naissance inférieur au 10e percentile pour le sexe et l'âge gestationnel selon les normes nationales). Nous avons effectué une série de méta-analyses sur les SNPs nommés prothrombine G20210A et facteur V Leiden G1691A dans la voie de thrombophilie, ainsi que sur deux SNPs du gène méthylènetétrahydrofolate réductase (MTHFR) soient C677T et A1298C impliqués dans le métabolisme du folate. Résultats: Notre méta-analyse sur les voies de la thrombophilie a montré un risque accru de naissances PAG quand les mères portent le SNP G20210A (odds ratio=1,39 [intervalle de confiance à 95%: 1,10 à 1,76]. Des résultats non significatifs ont été trouvés lorsque la mère porte le facteur V Leiden, ainsi que lorsque le nouveau-né est porteur des SNP G20210A et facteur V Leiden. En ce qui concerne la voie du métabolisme du folate, les seuls résultats qui ont atteint la signification statistique étaient les suivants : lorsque les mères portaient la variation en une copie de C677T (odds ratio=1,22 [intervalle de confiance à 95%: 1,05 à 1,42]), étaient homozygotes (2 copies) pour C677T (odds ratio=1,18 [intervalle de confiance à 95%: 1,03 à 1,35]) ou homozygotes pour A1298C (odds ratio=0,70 [intervalle de confiance à 95%: 0,50 à 0,98]). Conclusion: À notre connaissance, cette étude est la première à décrire dans une méta-analyse des associations significatives entre un risque accru de naissances PAG et le fait que les mères portent une copie des SNPs prothrombine G20210A et MTHFR C677T ou deux copies de MTHFR C677T. Aussi, nous avons trouvé qu'il y avait une diminution du risque de PAG chez les femmes porteuses du SNP MTHFR A1298C.
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18

Mangerona, Lucilene Rossilho [UNESP]. "Trombofilias e abortos recorrentes." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88102.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-02-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:49:52Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 mangerona_lr_me_botfm.pdf: 551674 bytes, checksum: fa33b5ef943c594fe040a66778a352bd (MD5)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Ministério da Saúde
Secretaria do Estado da Saúde de São Paulo
A perda gestacional recorrente idiopática é multifatorial, pois envolve fatores de risco clínicos e biológicos. A trombofilia pode ser definida como uma predisposição para trombose. Anormalidades na hemostasia que estão associadas com trombofilias clínicas incluem defeitos hereditários, tais como os anticoagulantes naturais Antitrombina III, Proteína S e Proteína C ou fatores de coagulação, as mutações do fator V Leiden, gene da protrombina G20210A, metilenotetrahidrofolato redutase MTHFR C677T, e defeitos adquiridos, tal como Síndrome Antifosfolípide e a Hiperhomocisteinemia. O presente trabalho foi realizado com 70 mulheres, sendo que 35 mulheres apresentavam 3 ou mais abortos recorrentes inexplicáveis, e 35 mulheres voluntárias clinicamente normais, para todas as mulheres foram feitas as investigações para os anticoagulantes naturais da coagulação e investigação para as mutações do fator V Leiden, gene da protrombina G20210A e metilenotetrahidrofolato redutase MTHFR C677T e as deficiências adquiridas. Em nosso estudo, encontramos resultados estatísticamente significantes para a síndrome do anticorpo antifosfolípide (trombofilia adquirida). Em nosso estudo observamos um grande número de defeitos trombofílicos adquiridos sendo que alguns estão em associação com a mutação do fator V Leiden e MTHFR C677T, porém mais pesquisas são necessárias para confirmar ou contestar as causas das trombofilias,e avaliar a eficiência e segurança da tromboprofilaxia em mulheres grávidas.
The idiopathic appealing gestational loss is multifactorial because it involves clinical and biological risk factors. Thrombophilia can be defined as a predisposition for thrombosis. Abnormalities in homeostasis that are associated with clinical thrombophilia include hereditary defects, such as natural anticoagulants as Antithrombin III, S Protein and C Protein or coagulation factors, mutations of V Leiden factor, gene of G20210A prothrombin, MTHFR C677T methilene redutase tetrahydropholat, and acquired defects just as Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Hyperhomocisteinemy. The present work was accomplished with 70 women, and 35 women showed 3 or more inexplicable appealing abortions, and 35 women voluntary clinically normal. For all women were made investigations for natural anticoagulants of coagulation and investigations for mutations of V Leiden factor, gene of G20210A prothrombin, MTHFR C677T methilene redutase tetrahydropholat, and acquired defects. In study we found statistically significant results for antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (acquired thrombophilia). In our study it was observed a great number of thrombophilics acquired defects, and some of then are associated to mutation of V Leiden factor and MTHFR C677T, however more researches are necessary to confirm or to answer the causes of the thrombophilia and to evaluate the efficiency and safety of the thromboprophylaxis in pregnant women.
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Taniguchi, Adriano Nori Rodrigues. "Características clínico-laboratoriais de pacientes pediátricos com tromboembolismo." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/110193.

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Objetivo: Avaliar a incidência de tromboembolismo e as condições clínicolaboratoriais associadas em pacientes pediátricos internados em um hospital terciário. Pacientes e métodos: Estudo retrospectivo onde foram revisados os prontuários de todas as 6140 crianças de 0 à 13 anos que internaram entre fevereiro de 2007 à janeiro de 2009. Foram identificadas 31 crianças que tiveram 34 casos de tromboembolismo confirmado por diagnóstico de imagem, e estas foram incluídas no banco de dados para análise. Resultados: A incidência de tromboembolismo foi de 43,3 (intervalo de confiança de 95%: 30,0-60,4) para cada 10.000 internações. Vinte e seis (83,9%) crianças tinham condições clínicas associadas, sendo que 11 (35,4%) tinham apenas 1 condição associada, 5 (16,1%) tinham 2 condições associadas, 6 (19,3%) tinham 3 condições associadas, 4 (12,9%) tinham 4 condições associadas e 5 (16,1%) não tinham condições associadas. As frequências das principais condições clínico-laboratoriais foram: sepse, 41,9%; trombofilias, 35,5%; cardiopatia acianótica, 29,9%; e cateter central, 22,5%. Conclusão: O presente estudo evidenciou uma incidência de tromboembolismo muito mais alta do que a descrita na literatura, provavelmente devido ao estudo ter sido realizado em um hospital terciário, com maior complexidade e complicações associadas mostrando a importância de considerar este diagnóstico. Observamos também uma alta taxa de trombofilias nos pacientes que tiveram tromboembolismo, salientando que a associação de fatores de risco e predisposição genética ou fatores intrínsecos devem ser considerada no diagnostico e manejo destes pacientes.
Objective: To assess the incidence of thromboembolism and associated clinical conditions and laboratory abnormalities in a sample of pediatric patients admitted to a tertiary referral center. Methods: This was a retrospective chart review study. The medical records of all 6140 children between the ages of 0 and 13 years admitted to the study facility from February 2007 through January 2009 were reviewed. A total of 34 cases of imaging-confirmed thromboembolism were identified in 31 children and included for analysis. Results: The incidence of thromboembolism was 43.3 (95%CI, 30.0–60.4) per 10,000 admissions. Twenty-six children (83.9%) had associated clinical conditions: 11 (35.4%) had only 1 associated condition, 5 (16.1%) had 2 associated conditions, 6 (19.3%) had 3 associated conditions, 4 (12.9%) had 4 associated conditions, and 5 (16.1%) had no associated conditions. The main associated conditions were sepsis (41.9%), thrombophilia (35.5%), acyanotic heart disease (29.9%), and central venous catheterization (22.5%). Conclusion: In the sample studied herein, the incidence of thromboembolism was much higher than that reported in the literature, most likely due to the study setting (tertiary referral hospital) and its implications (greater case complexity and frequency of complications), stressing the importance of considering the diagnosis. Furthermore, among patients who developed thromboembolism, there was a high rate of thrombophilia, highlighting the importance of the association between risk factors and genetic predispositions or intrinsic factors in the diagnosis and management of these patients.
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20

Boama, Vincent. "Prevalence of known thrombophilia and incidence of venous thromboembolism in pregnant woment in the Western Cape Province of South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3031.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 29-32).
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of maternal mortality worldwide. In many developed countries, all maternal deaths are investigated, and accurate statistics are available. In United Kingdom (UK) for example, VTE is the leading cause- and is increasing despite heightened awareness of risk factors, and wider use of thromboprophylaxis (1,2). The 1994-96 UK Confidential Enquiries reported an overall maternal mortality rate of 12.2 per 100, 000 deliveries, with specific mortality from VTE at 2.2 per 100, 000 deliveries, with approximately 15 deaths a year due to VTE.
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21

Järvenpää, J. (Jouko). "Placental angiogenesis and angiogenesis related risk factors in severe pre-eclampsia." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2008. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514288760.

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Abstract The incidence of pre-eclampsia (PE) is 2–7% in different populations and in the worst cases PE may threaten the survival of both mother and newborn; its pathogenesis is not resolved. Field literature today considers PE an angiogenic disorder. Coordinated vascularization is essential for placental development. We wanted to find novel factors in the etiology of PE, and focused our attention on angiogenesis, inherited thrombophilia and folate-homocysteine metabolism. Homocysteine inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, which is closely related to angiogenesis. We performed gene expression profiling of placental tissue using microarray chips, studied the prevalence of factor V Leiden (FVL), prothrombin (F5) G20210A and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism in patients with severe pregnancy complications and normal controls, compared the expression of the placental adiponectin, leptin and their receptor genes and the relationship of each to trophoblast apoptosis and further, studied the effect of folic acid fortified mineral water on plasma homocysteine concentration during pregnancy. Gene expression profiling revealed downregulation of nine and upregulation of four genes. Interestingly, in one PE patient with cord compression during delivery the profile resembled that observed in normals. The expression level of the leptin and the adiponectin receptor 1 (ADIPOR1) genes was significantly higher in PE. No other significant expression changes were observed. The rate of apoptosis was higher in patients with PE. The FVL prevalence was 9.5%, in PE cases and 1.8% in the controls; a difference of 7.7%, (95% CI 2.0–13.4%). No statistical difference was found in other polymorphisms.. Maternal serum folate concentration increased in our intervention group, but decreased in the control group (p < 0.05). The plasma homocysteine concentrations decreased more in the intervention group (p < 0.001). The expression of angiogenesis-related placental genes can be altered in PE and cord compression cases. The activity of adipocytokine genes in PE may mean that they have a role in placental angiogenesis and apoptosis. Women with FVL may have an increased risk of PE. Fortified mineral water will help us to ensure that especially pregnant women achieve adequate folate intake.
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22

Carvalho, Eunice Bobà de. "DetecÃÃo do fator V Leiden em pacientes trombofÃlicos no Estado do CearÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2004. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2698.

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nÃo hÃ
As doenÃas trombÃticas constituem um sÃrio problema na saÃde mundial. Diversas desordens hereditÃrias, que afetam o sistema fisiolÃgico anticoagulante, estÃo atualmente estabelecidas como fatores de risco para a ocorrÃncia do evento trombÃtico. Dentre estes o fator V Leiden à o mais freqÃente. A associaÃÃo entre alteraÃÃes no gene do fator V e a ocorrÃncia de eventos trombÃticos desencadeou o desenvolvimento de diversas pesquisas. Neste estudo, 100 pacientes portadores de eventos trombÃticos, atendidos no ambulatÃrio de Hematologia do Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Cearà - HEMOCE/SESA/UFC, foram analisados para a detecÃÃo da presenÃa do fator V Leiden. O grupo controle consistiu de 110 voluntÃrios sadios. A freqÃÃncia encontrada na populaÃÃo controle foi de 2,7% (03/110), enquanto que nos pacientes trombofÃlicos foi de 9% (09/100). Destes, 77,8% (07/09) eram do sexo feminino e 22,2% (02/09) do sexo masculino e a cor predominante foi a parda [66,7% (06/09)]. A faixa etÃria mais freqÃente foi entre 26 e 33 anos [33,4% (03/09)]. Do total dos pacientes portadores do fator V Leiden, 88,9% (08/09) apresentaram trombose venosa profunda e 11,1% (01/09) trombose arterial com recorrÃncia do evento trombÃtico de 22,2% (02/09). A correlaÃÃo entre a presenÃa do evento trombÃtico/presenÃa do fator V Leiden e o uso de contraceptivo oral foi de 71,4% (05/07). Das pacientes portadoras e que usaram contraceptivo oral nÃo ocorreu o aborto. A localizaÃÃo do primeiro evento trombÃtico, nos portadores, foi predominantemente nos membros inferiores [88,9% (08/09)] e 11,1% (01/09), nas artÃrias coronÃrias. Em 44,4% (04/09) havia um ou mais fatores de risco/morbidade associado. A freqÃÃncia da mutaÃÃo encontrada no estado do Cearà mostrou-se inferior aos dados obtidos na regiÃo de Botucatu (SP) - 12% e ao estudo de Benson, em Atlanta (EUA)- 12,4 e ainda menor que os encontrados na regiÃo de Campinas (SP)- 20% e à populaÃÃo com ancestral europeu-18%. A diferenÃa entre pacientes trombofÃlicos e populaÃÃo controle nÃo foi estatisticamente significante (p=0,19), mas o risco estimado para o evento trombÃtico foi de 2,46.
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23

Karttunen, V. (Vesa). "Patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic brain infarction." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2002. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514267435.

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Abstract Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a common finding in the general population and is present in approximately one quarter of adults. The potential role of PFO in the pathogenesis of ischaemic brain infarction of unknown aetiology in young adults has been investigated during the past 15 years, and associations with other diseases have been proposed. The most plausible mechanism of stroke associated with PFO is paradoxical embolism, but there is uncertainty about this because a venous source of emboli is seldom identified. If the theory of venous emboli is relevant, prothrombotic states should be associated with PFO and ischaemic stroke. Relatively little is known about the risk factors of cryptogenic brain infarction, although this subgroup of stroke is relatively common. As the present diagnostic methods for detecting PFO have certain limitations, new non-invasive, simple and reliable methods would be useful. Two new methods examined here, the dye dilution method and ear oximetry, were both found to be feasible and to be highly specific and sensitive in relation to the present gold standard, contrast transoesophageal echocardiography. A case-control study among adult patients with PFO and cryptogenic brain infarction showed the presence of a prothrombotic state, particularly factor V Leiden and prothrombin G2021OA gene mutation, to be associated with an increased risk of stroke, and migraine was also identified as a risk factor. Associations with the classical risk factors for venous thrombosis and Valsalva manoeuvre-like activities at the onset of stroke were also observed. The results lend support to the theory that paradoxical embolism is one of the pathogenic mechanisms behind cryptogenic brain infarction with associated PFO. In another case-control study among adult patients with cryptogenic brain infarction but without associated PFO, prothrombotic states were not identified as risk factors, except that an association was found between elevated factor VIII activity and stroke. The major independent risk factors for such cryptogenic strokes were current cigarette smoking, hypertension and a low level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol.
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24

Tófano, Viviane Alessandra Capelluppi [UNESP]. "Avaliação clínica e ultrassonografia tardia de pacientes com trombose venosa profunda, portadores de trombofilia." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103481.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A trombose venosa profunda (TVP) caracteriza-se pela formação aguda de um trombo no interior das veias profundas. É uma doença de alta incidência e de grande importância clínica e epidemiológica devido à sua morbimortalidade, sendo atualmente, considerada multifatorial. São vários os fatores de risco genéticos e/ou adquiridos relacionados à TVP e a compreensão da interação destes, permite melhor entender esta doença, não só devido aos seus sintomas de fase aguda mas, principalmente, por sua complicação mais temida, a embolia pulmonar e, a longo prazo, a síndrome pós-trombótica (SPT), que apresenta importante morbidade, inclusive com repercussões sócio-econômicas. A avaliação a longo prazo, clínica e ultrassonográfica, de pacientes com diagnóstico de TVP, visando verificar a incidência e gravidade da SPT é necessária para a compreensão da evolução destes pacientes. Desconhecemos a existência de trabalhos em nosso meio, que avaliem a evolução tardia da TVP. Objetivo: Determinar a evolução a longo prazo de pacientes com TVP de membros, portadores de trombofilia e verificar se existem diferenças na evolução de pacientes trombofílicos e não trombofílicos. Método: Num estudo coorte retrospectivo foram avaliados os prontuários de 275 pacientes atendidos no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-Unesp, dos quais foram identificados 60 pacientes trombofílicos, sendo possível contactar 40 deles para consulta, dos quais 39 pacientes aceitaram participar do estudo. Foram selecionados 25 pacientes com diagnóstico de TVP, não trombofílicos, pareados para sexo e idade, para comparação com o grupo trombofílico. Durante a consulta foi preenchido um protocolo que continha as seguintes variáveis: dados demográficos, profissão, antecedentes pessoais e antecedentes obstétricos (se mulher), antecedentes familiares com relação...
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is characterized by the acute formation of a thrombus in the interior of the deep veins. It is a disease of high incidence and great clinical and epidemiological importance due to its morbimortality, being presently considered multifactorial. The genetic and/or acquired risk factors related to DVT are various and understanding their interaction allows a better comprehension of this illness, due to both symptoms of the acute stage and, mainly, its most feared complication, the pulmonary embolism and, in long term, the post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), which presents important morbidity, inclusively with social and economical repercussions. The long-term clinical and ultrasound evaluation of patients with DVT diagnosis, aiming to verify the incidence and seriousness of PTS, is necessary to understand the evolution of these patients. We are not aware of the existence of works in our area which evaluate the late evolution of DVT. Objective: To determine the long-term evolution of patients with DVT of limbs, carriers of thrombophilia, and verify the existence of differences in the evolution of thrombophilic and non-thrombophilic patients. Method: In a retrospective cohort study, the medical registers of 275 patients attended at the Clinics Hospital of the School of Medicine of the Paulista State University, in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, were evaluated, from which 60 thrombophilic patients were identified. It was possible to contact 40 of them for appointment, from which 39 patients accepted to participate in the study. 25 non-thrombophilic patients, paired for sex and age, were selected with DVT diagnosis, for comparison with the thrombophilic group. During the appointment, a protocol was filled in, containing the following variables: demographic data, occupation, personal antecedents and obstetric antecedents (if woman), familiar antecedents concerning thrombosis... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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25

Rades, Érica. "Investigação de trombofilias em gestantes de risco para o parto prematuro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-28012008-111631/.

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Introdução: O parto prematuro espontâneo é doença multifatorial e sua etiologia permanece desconhecida em até 40% das vezes. Neste estudo, investigamos a existência de trombofilias maternas adquiridas e hereditárias em gestantes de risco para o parto prematuro espontâneo e as relacionamos com a incidência de prematuridade na gestação. Métodos: Neste estudo prospectivo, realizado entre julho de 2004 e setembro de 2006, foram pesquisadas 66 gestantes com antecedente de parto prematuro espontâneo e 66 gestantes sem antecedente de complicações, com pelo menos um parto a termo anterior. Até 25 semanas de gestação, foi realizada coleta única dos seguintes testes laboratoriais: anticardiolipina IgG, anticardiolipina IgM, anticoagulante lúpico, fator V Leiden, mutação da protrombina e homocisteína. Foram excluídas três gestantes por abortamento, duas por incompetência cervical, duas por malformação fetal, e uma por coleta inadequada. Dessa maneira, foram avaliadas 64 gestantes de risco e 60 sem complicações (grupo controle). Resultados: A incidência de prematuridade espontânea foi significantemente maior no grupo de risco (RR=7,97; IC95%=1,92-33,04, p<0,05). Não houve diferenças quanto ao tipo de parto nem quanto às médias dos pesos dos recém-nascidos entre os grupos. Entre as pacientes com antecedente de prematuridade, a presença de trombofilias adquiridas e hereditárias foi mais freqüente (OR=3,2; IC95%=1,4-7,5, p<0,05). As trombofilias adquiridas, quando analisadas em separado, foram mais freqüentes no grupo de risco (OR=3,0; IC95%=1,1-7,7, p<0,05), assim como, observou-se maior freqüência da anticardiolpina IgG em títulos baixos (OR=2,8; IC95%=1,0-7,5, p<0,05) e IgM em títulos intermediários ou altos (OR=3,9; IC95%=1,0-15,1, p<0,05). O anticoagulante lúpico e as trombofilias hereditárias, quando analisados em separado, não diferiram entre os grupos. Entre os casos com prematuridade espontânea na gestação atual, 79% apresentaram algum teste de trombofilia alterado. Na análise univariada, a presença de trombofilias aumentou o risco de prematuridade espontânea (OR=4,5; IC95%=1,4-14,4, p<0,05). Na análise multivariada, no entanto, o parto prematuro prévio esteve 11 vezes mais associado à prematuridade espontânea. Conclusões: Concluímos que as trombofilias adquiridas e hereditárias foram mais freqüentes no grupo de risco, sendo prevalentes as adquiridas, das quais a anticardiolpina IgG e IgM foram as mais freqüentemente encontradas. Houve aumento do risco de prematuridade espontânea nas portadoras de trombofilias adquiridas e hereditárias, mas o antecedente de parto prematuro permaneceu como o maior fator de risco associado à prematuridade espontânea.
Introduction: The spontaneous preterm birth is a multifactorial disease and its etiology remains unknown in 40% of the time. In this study, we investigated the acquired and inherited thrombophilias in high risk pregnant patients to the spontaneous preterm birth and related to the incidence of prematurity in the current pregnancy. Methods: In this prospective study realized from July of 2004 to September of 2006 was evaluated 66 pregnant women with previous spontaneous preterm birth and 66 pregnant women without complications, with at least one previous term birth. Until 25 weeks of pregnancy, was realized single collection of the following laboratorial tests: IgG/IgM anticardiolipin, lupus anticoagulant, factor V Leiden, prothrombin mutation and homocystein. It was excluded three pregnant women due to miscarriage, two for cervical incompetence, two for fetal malformation, and one for inadequated collection of exams. In this way, we evaluated 64 high risk pregnant women and 60 with no complications (control group). Results: The frequency of spontaneous preterm birth was significantly higher in the high risk group (RR=7,97; IC95%=1,92-33,04, p<0,05). There was neither differences in the birth type nor in the average weight in newborn infants between the groups. Among to the patients with risk of preterm birth in the current pregnancy, the acquired and inherited thrombophilias were more frequent (OR=3,2; IC95%=1,4-7,5, p<0,05). The acquired thrombophilias, when analysed in separately, were more frequents in the risk group (OR=3,0; IC95%=1,1-7,7, p<0,05), like it was observed more frequency of IgG anticardiolipin in low titles (OR=2,8; IC95%=1,0-7,5, p<0,05) and IgM anticardiolipin in intermediary or high titles (OR=3,9; IC95%=1,0-15,1, p<0,05). The lupus anticoagulant and the inherited thrombophilias when analysed separately were not different among groups. In spontaneous preterm birth cases in the current pregnancy, 79% had some altered thrombophilia test. In univariated analysis, the existence of thrombophilias increased the risk for spontaneous preterm birth (OR=4,5; IC95%=1,4-14,4, p<0,05). In multivariated analysis, however, the previous spontaneous preterm birth was 11 times more associated with current spontaneous preterm birth. Conclusions: We conclude that the acquired and inherited thrombophilias were more frequent in high risk group, being more prevalent the acquired ones, of which IgG anticardiolipin and IgM anticardiolipin were more frequently founded. There was increased risk for spontaneous preterm birth in women with acquired and inherited thrombophilias but the previous preterm birth remained the major risk factor related to the spontaneous preterm birth.
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26

Ghisdal, Lidia. "Study of several acquired and genetic factors in relation with outcome in kidney transplantation." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209606.

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Introduction et buts de la thèse

La survie du patient et du greffon se sont nettement améliorées depuis les débuts de la transplantation rénale. Les recommandations de pratiques cliniques basées sur l’évidence aident les cliniciens à améliorer la prise en charge standardisée des patients. Cependant, de nombreux programmes de recherche sont actuellement axés sur la découverte de biomarqueurs qui peuvent prédire les différents résultats chez les patients transplantés rénaux. Ces biomarqueurs sont nécessaires pour personnaliser la gestion et le traitement des patients.

Le but des travaux résumés dans cette thèse est d'évaluer l'impact potentiel de plusieurs facteurs biologiques acquis et génétiques spécifiques sur les résultats après la transplantation rénale, en particulier les facteurs de thrombophilie et les polymorphismes génétiques associés au diabète post-transplantation.

1. Facteurs de thrombophilie

Les patients en insuffisance rénale terminale présentent des anomalies complexes de la coagulation, dont les mécanismes sous-jacents ne sont pas connus à ce jour. La thrombose des vaisseaux du greffon et les événements thromboemboliques comme la thrombose veineuse profonde et / ou l’embolie pulmonaire sont des complications graves, mais relativement rares après transplantation rénale. Au cours de la dernière décennie, plusieurs études ont évalué l'impact des facteurs de thrombophilie sur les résultats après la transplantation rénale, tels que les événements thrombo-emboliques, y compris la thrombose de l’artère ou la veine du greffon, le rejet aigu, les événements cardiovasculaires ou la survie du greffon. Cependant, les limitations méthodologiques et l'hétérogénéité de ces études rendent les conclusions ou les recommandations difficiles. D’autre part, la prévalence exacte des facteurs de thrombophilie dans la population de patients en insuffisance rénale terminale et la correction éventuelle de ces facteurs après transplantation ne sont pas connues. Dans ce contexte, nous avons réalisé une étude prospective afin d’évaluer l’impact d’un panel de 11 facteurs de thrombophilie testés le jour de la transplantation et 1 mois plus tard, sur les événements thrombo-emboliques et le rejet aigu durant la première année de greffe [58]. Nous avons également évalué la prévalence de 7 facteurs de thrombophilie non-génétiques chez les patients en insuffisance rénale terminale et le taux de correction après la transplantation rénale dans une cohorte de 215 patients [59].

2. Diabète post-transplantation

Le diabète post-transplantation est une complication métabolique grave et fréquente après la transplantation. Les patients transplantés rénaux souffrant d’un diabète post-transplantation ont un risque plus élevé d'événements cardiovasculaires majeurs, de décès et d’échec de greffe. Une étude prospective rapporte une incidence de 20,5% durant les six premiers mois de greffe rénale, en utilisant les critères stricts de l'ADA (American Diabetes Association). La plupart des facteurs de risque identifiés sont communs avec le diabète de type 2 dans la population générale: l'âge, les antécédents familiaux, l’ethnie (africaine et hispanique), l'indice de masse corporelle élevé, une sérologie hépatite C positive et la présence d’un syndrome métabolique. Certains traitements immunosuppresseurs sont des facteurs de risque de diabète post-transplantation spécifiques et modifiables. Les inhibiteurs de la calcineurine sont diabétogènes et il a été clairement montré que le tacrolimus est plus diabétogène que la cyclosporine. En se basant sur ces données, nous avons remplacé le tacrolimus par la cyclosporine chez une série de patients ayant développé un diabète post-transplantation sous tacrolimus. Nous avons évalué rétrospectivement l’efficacité et la sécurité de cette approche [60]. Nous avons également élaboré des recommandations pour la prise en charge du diabète post-transplantation sur base de notre expérience et des études publiées [62].

La susceptibilité génétique du diabète post-transplantation a été étudiée par des approches «gènes candidats », mais les faibles effectifs et l'absence de réplication dans des cohortes indépendantes rendent les conclusions difficiles. Les études pan-génomiques de type « genome wide association study (GWAS) apportent un éclairage neuf sur les origines génétiques du diabète de type 2. Plus de 10 loci de susceptibilité ont été associés au diabète de type 2 dans la population générale, avec des odds ratio (OR) allant de 1.10 à 1.20, excepté un variant commun du gène TCF7L2 pour lequel le risque de la maladie augmente de 37% par allèle à risque. Nous avons utilisé une approche gène candidat en sélectionnant 11 variants génétiques associés au diabète de type 2 à travers ces GWAS et nous avons évalué leur association avec le risque de diabète post-transplantation durant les 6 premiers mois post-transplantation, dans une large cohorte de Caucasiens (N = 1076) [61].

Méthodologie générale

L’unité de transplantation rénale de l'Hôpital Erasme (Université Libre de Bruxelles) a créé une base de données clinique incluant les patients transplantés depuis 1964 dans l'institution et une biocollection (ADN et sérum) depuis 2001. En outre, depuis 2007, l'unité de transplantation rénale de l'Hôpital Erasme a développé une collaboration avec d'autres centres européens de transplantation rénale (CHU de Tours, CHU de Limoges, CHU de Brest, CHU de Saint-Étienne, CHRU de Lille, CHU de Poitiers et CHU de Bordeaux actuellement). Nous avons actuellement collecté les données cliniques et l’ADN de plus de 4000 receveurs d'allogreffe rénale.

Résultats

1. Facteurs de thrombophilie

Nous avons enrôlé prospectivement 320 greffes rénales consécutives correspondant à 317 patients greffés dans notre institution entre 2001 et 2006. Onze facteurs de thrombophilie ont étés dosés le jour de la transplantation. Dix patients ont étés exclus en raison de valeurs manquantes pour plus de 3 facteurs. Tous nos patients ont reçu de l’acide acétylsalicylique en prophylaxie, débuté juste avant la greffe. Le taux d'événements thromboemboliques et/ou de rejet aigu durant la première année post-transplantation (critère d’évaluation primaire composite) était de 16,7% chez les patients sans facteur de thrombophilie (N = 60) et de 17,2% chez ceux ayant au moins un facteur de thrombophilie (N = 250) (P=NS) le jour de la greffe. L'incidence du critère d’évaluation primaire était similaire chez les patients sans facteur de thrombophilie et ceux avec au moins deux (N = 135), ou au moins trois (n = 53) facteurs (16,3% et 15,1% respectivement, P=NS) et chez les patients avec au moins un facteur persistant 1 mois après la greffe (15,7%, P=NS). Aucun des facteurs de thrombophilie individuels présents le jour de la transplantation n’était associé au critère d’évaluation primaire. L'incidence des événements cardio-vasculaires à 1 an, la créatinine sérique à 1 an, la survie de greffe actuarielle à 4 ans n’étaient pas influencés par la présence d’au moins un facteur de thrombophilie le jour de la greffe (P= NS).

La prévalence des facteurs de thrombophilie était significativement plus élevée chez les patients dialysés que chez les patients non encore dialysés le jour de la greffe (74% vs 52,4%, P =0,03). La prévalence était similaire chez les patients hémodialysés et en dialyse péritonéale (P=NS). Un mois après la transplantation, la prévalence globale des facteurs de thrombophilie a chuté de 74,4% à 44,7% (P <0,001). La plupart des facteurs de thrombophilie avaient disparus après la transplantation.

2. Le diabète post-transplantation

Nous avons analysé rétrospectivement les paramètres du métabolisme glucidique chez 54 patients greffés rénaux traités par tacrolimus et développant un diabète post-transplantation. Trente-quatre patients ont été convertis à la cyclosporine alors que 20 patients ont poursuivi le tacrolimus (groupe contrôle). Après la conversion, le taux de rémission du diabète post-transplantation était de 42% (IC 95% :24-59%) 1 an après la conversion versus 0% dans le groupe contrôle (P=0,001). La conversion

était sûre en termes de fonction du greffon, de rejet aigu, de survie des patients et du greffon.

Dans notre étude multicentrique (Hôpital Erasme-Bruxelles, CHU de Tours, CHU de Limoges et CHRU de Lille), nous avons enrôlé 1477 patients greffés successivement. Parmi les 1229 patients éligibles pour l’étude, 1076 étaient Caucasiens (analyses primaires). Un total de 118 patients, soit 11% des Caucasiens ont développé un diabète post-transplantation durant les 6 premiers mois de greffe. En analyse multi-variée, le variant rs7903146 de TCF7L2 était indépendamment associé au diabète post-transplantation (OR = 1,60 pour chaque allèle T, P = 0,002). Les autres facteurs de risque indépendants étaient: l'âge du receveur, l’indice de masse corporelle au moment de la greffe, l'utilisation du tacrolimus et la survenue d'un épisode de rejet aigu traité par corticoïdes.

Conclusions

Les facteurs de thrombophilie sont très fréquents au stade terminal de l'insuffisance rénale et sont corrigés dans la grande majorité après la transplantation rénale. Cela suggère que la plupart des facteurs sont acquis et associés à l'urémie et / ou la dialyse. En outre, notre étude prospective n’a pas démontré d’impact des facteurs de thrombophilie détectés de manière systématique avant la transplantation sur les résultats après transplantation rénale, dans une population recevant un régime immunosuppresseur moderne et de l’acide acétylsalicylique en prophylaxie.

L’effet diabétogène du tacrolimus est réversible. Nos résultats suggèrent une amélioration significative du métabolisme glucidique après la conversion à la cyclosporine chez les patients transplantés rénaux atteints de diabète post-transplantation sous tacrolimus.

Le diabète post-transplantation et le diabète de type 2 partagent des facteurs de risque communs, dont un variant du gène TCF7L2. La place de ce type de biomarqueur dans la prédiction de la survenue du diabète post-transplantation et dans les stratégies de modification d’immunosuppression doit faire l’objet d’évaluations prospectives.


Doctorat en Sciences médicales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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27

Mangerona, Lucilene Rossilho. "Trombofilias e abortos recorrentes /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88102.

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Orientador: Izolete Aparecida Thomazini Santos
Banca: Paulo Eduardo de Abreu Machado
Banca: Márcia Aparecida Sperança
Resumo: A perda gestacional recorrente idiopática é multifatorial, pois envolve fatores de risco clínicos e biológicos. A trombofilia pode ser definida como uma predisposição para trombose. Anormalidades na hemostasia que estão associadas com trombofilias clínicas incluem defeitos hereditários, tais como os anticoagulantes naturais Antitrombina III, Proteína S e Proteína C ou fatores de coagulação, as mutações do fator V Leiden, gene da protrombina G20210A, metilenotetrahidrofolato redutase MTHFR C677T, e defeitos adquiridos, tal como Síndrome Antifosfolípide e a Hiperhomocisteinemia. O presente trabalho foi realizado com 70 mulheres, sendo que 35 mulheres apresentavam 3 ou mais abortos recorrentes inexplicáveis, e 35 mulheres voluntárias clinicamente normais, para todas as mulheres foram feitas as investigações para os anticoagulantes naturais da coagulação e investigação para as mutações do fator V Leiden, gene da protrombina G20210A e metilenotetrahidrofolato redutase MTHFR C677T e as deficiências adquiridas. Em nosso estudo, encontramos resultados estatísticamente significantes para a síndrome do anticorpo antifosfolípide (trombofilia adquirida). Em nosso estudo observamos um grande número de defeitos trombofílicos adquiridos sendo que alguns estão em associação com a mutação do fator V Leiden e MTHFR C677T, porém mais pesquisas são necessárias para confirmar ou contestar as causas das trombofilias,e avaliar a eficiência e segurança da tromboprofilaxia em mulheres grávidas.
Abstract: The idiopathic appealing gestational loss is multifactorial because it involves clinical and biological risk factors. Thrombophilia can be defined as a predisposition for thrombosis. Abnormalities in homeostasis that are associated with clinical thrombophilia include hereditary defects, such as natural anticoagulants as Antithrombin III, S Protein and C Protein or coagulation factors, mutations of V Leiden factor, gene of G20210A prothrombin, MTHFR C677T methilene redutase tetrahydropholat, and acquired defects just as Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Hyperhomocisteinemy. The present work was accomplished with 70 women, and 35 women showed 3 or more inexplicable appealing abortions, and 35 women voluntary clinically normal. For all women were made investigations for natural anticoagulants of coagulation and investigations for mutations of V Leiden factor, gene of G20210A prothrombin, MTHFR C677T methilene redutase tetrahydropholat, and acquired defects. In study we found statistically significant results for antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (acquired thrombophilia). In our study it was observed a great number of thrombophilics acquired defects, and some of then are associated to mutation of V Leiden factor and MTHFR C677T, however more researches are necessary to confirm or to answer the causes of the thrombophilia and to evaluate the efficiency and safety of the thromboprophylaxis in pregnant women.
Mestre
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28

Dunn, Crystal R. "An exploratory study of the psychological and behavioural impacts of genetic testing for thrombophilia among asymptomatic first-degree relatives of patients with venous thrombosis." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27241.

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Objective. To conduct a preliminary exploration of psychological outcomes and health behaviour in individuals undergoing testing for genetic mutations associated with thrombophilia. Methods. Subjects were 57 carriers and 54 non-carriers identified through an existing pilot study. Part I analyzed perceived risk and psychological data collected at baseline, 1 week and 12 months post-test. Part II used a cross-sectional survey to collect data regarding: test implications, perceived causes and control, and behaviour change post-test. Results. Accuracy of risk perception improved post-test due to decreased risk perception among non-carriers. No major psychological harms were identified, but a subgroup of carriers may experience distress. Participants had a high sense of control over their risk of venous thromboembolism and had a good understanding of risk factors. Many tried to change their behaviours post-test, but did not report doing this specifically to reduce their risk of a blood clot. Conclusions. This exploratory study suggests no major psychological harm arising from genetic testing, but its findings need replication with larger samples.
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29

Castellano, Chiodo Danilo. "Stroke ischemico arterioso perinatale: valutazione clinica e dei fattori di rischio associati." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1203.

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Con un'incidenza che varia da 1/2800 a 1/5000 nati vivi, lo stroke ischemico arterioso perinatale è la più frequente forma di infarto cerebrale in età pediatrica. Il 40% dei pazienti non presentano sintomi specifici nel periodo neonatale e la diagnosi viene posta tardivamente per l'insorgenza di problemi motori, convulsioni, deficit cognitivi o del linguaggio. Il restante 60% dei neonati presenta sintomi precoci, generalmente convulsioni nei primi tre giorni di vita. Lo studio retrospettivo analizza gli aspetti clinici ed i fattori di rischio genetici ed acquisiti associati in una casistica di 10 pazienti affetti da stroke perinatale.
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30

Tófano, Viviane Alessandra Capelluppi. "Avaliação clínica e ultrassonografia tardia de pacientes com trombose venosa profunda, portadores de trombofilia /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103481.

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Abstract:
Orientador: Francisco Humberto de Abreu Maffei
Banca: Hamilton Almeida Rollo
Banca: Adilson F. Paschôa
Banca: Newton Key Hokama
Banca: Cyrillo C. Filho
Resumo: A trombose venosa profunda (TVP) caracteriza-se pela formação aguda de um trombo no interior das veias profundas. É uma doença de alta incidência e de grande importância clínica e epidemiológica devido à sua morbimortalidade, sendo atualmente, considerada multifatorial. São vários os fatores de risco genéticos e/ou adquiridos relacionados à TVP e a compreensão da interação destes, permite melhor entender esta doença, não só devido aos seus sintomas de fase aguda mas, principalmente, por sua complicação mais temida, a embolia pulmonar e, a longo prazo, a síndrome pós-trombótica (SPT), que apresenta importante morbidade, inclusive com repercussões sócio-econômicas. A avaliação a longo prazo, clínica e ultrassonográfica, de pacientes com diagnóstico de TVP, visando verificar a incidência e gravidade da SPT é necessária para a compreensão da evolução destes pacientes. Desconhecemos a existência de trabalhos em nosso meio, que avaliem a evolução tardia da TVP. Objetivo: Determinar a evolução a longo prazo de pacientes com TVP de membros, portadores de trombofilia e verificar se existem diferenças na evolução de pacientes trombofílicos e não trombofílicos. Método: Num estudo coorte retrospectivo foram avaliados os prontuários de 275 pacientes atendidos no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-Unesp, dos quais foram identificados 60 pacientes trombofílicos, sendo possível contactar 40 deles para consulta, dos quais 39 pacientes aceitaram participar do estudo. Foram selecionados 25 pacientes com diagnóstico de TVP, não trombofílicos, pareados para sexo e idade, para comparação com o grupo trombofílico. Durante a consulta foi preenchido um protocolo que continha as seguintes variáveis: dados demográficos, profissão, antecedentes pessoais e antecedentes obstétricos (se mulher), antecedentes familiares com relação... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is characterized by the acute formation of a thrombus in the interior of the deep veins. It is a disease of high incidence and great clinical and epidemiological importance due to its morbimortality, being presently considered multifactorial. The genetic and/or acquired risk factors related to DVT are various and understanding their interaction allows a better comprehension of this illness, due to both symptoms of the acute stage and, mainly, its most feared complication, the pulmonary embolism and, in long term, the post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), which presents important morbidity, inclusively with social and economical repercussions. The long-term clinical and ultrasound evaluation of patients with DVT diagnosis, aiming to verify the incidence and seriousness of PTS, is necessary to understand the evolution of these patients. We are not aware of the existence of works in our area which evaluate the late evolution of DVT. Objective: To determine the long-term evolution of patients with DVT of limbs, carriers of thrombophilia, and verify the existence of differences in the evolution of thrombophilic and non-thrombophilic patients. Method: In a retrospective cohort study, the medical registers of 275 patients attended at the Clinics Hospital of the School of Medicine of the Paulista State University, in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, were evaluated, from which 60 thrombophilic patients were identified. It was possible to contact 40 of them for appointment, from which 39 patients accepted to participate in the study. 25 non-thrombophilic patients, paired for sex and age, were selected with DVT diagnosis, for comparison with the thrombophilic group. During the appointment, a protocol was filled in, containing the following variables: demographic data, occupation, personal antecedents and obstetric antecedents (if woman), familiar antecedents concerning thrombosis... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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31

Bouvier, Sylvie. "Nouveaux acteurs moléculaires de la dysfonction vasculo-placentaire." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON13505.

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La grossesse est une période de majoration du risque vasculaire, participant à une morbi-mortalité maternelle et fœtale pouvant justifier des mesures de prévention primaire et secondaire. Notre travail évalue l'impact de certains déterminants et l'apport de nouveaux acteurs moléculaires impliqués dans la dysfonction vasculo-placentaire. Le but ultime étant d'optimiser les prises en charge et de développer de nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques. Nous avons étudié les complications vasculaires placentaires associées à des marqueurs biologiques connus : mutation du facteur V Leiden, mutation du gène de la prothrombine et marqueurs conventionnels du syndrome des anticorps anti-phospholipides (SAPL). Nos résultats montrent que les femmes à antécédents de fausses couches précoces répétitives et porteuses, soit du polymorphisme du facteur V, soit du polymorphisme du facteur II, soit d'un SAPL (traité par héparine et aspirine faible dose), ont un risque élevé de fausse couche tardive lors d'une nouvelle grossesse. Les femmes à antécédent de fausse couche tardive et porteuses des mêmes particularités biologiques, traitées pendant leur grossesse selon les recommandations (héparine pour l'anomalie du facteur V ou II, héparine plus aspirine faible dose pour le SAPL), ont un risque diminué de récidive de perte fœtale tardive mais demeurent, dans le groupe SAPL, fréquemment exposées aux complications tardives de la grossesse malgré la prophylaxie antithrombotique. Nous avons évalué l'apport de nouveaux marqueurs de la dysfonction vasculaire placentaire. Nous montrons que le polymorphisme Ile89Leu du gène de la phosphatase alcaline placentaire (PLAP), enzyme exprimée par les cellules du syncytiotrophoblaste -polymorphisme associé à une augmentation de l'activité PLAP-, exerce un effet protecteur sur l'échec d'implantation et la survenue d'une fausse couche primaire. Un facteur angiogénique (brevet en cours) a également été étudié (génétique, dosage plasmatique, fécondation in vitro) et nous montrons une association de ce marqueur avec les échecs d'implantation et les fausses couches idiopathiques. L'ensemble de ces travaux suggère que ces nouveaux marqueurs moléculaires pourraient contribuer au diagnostic des complications vasculaires de la grossesse et fournir des biomarqueurs d'implantation embryonnaire et/ou de développement placentaire. Ils pourraient suggérer de nouvelles cibles et stratégies thérapeutiques, répondant aux limites des traitements disponibles
Vascular risk increases during pregnancy, contributing to maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality, and potentially justifying primary and secondary preventive measures. Our work evaluates the impact of some determinants and the contribution of new molecular actors implicated in placental vascular dysfunction. The ultimate aim is to optimize management and to develop new therapeutic strategies. We studied the placental vascular complications associated with known biological markers: the factor V Leiden or prothrombin polymorphisms, and conventional markers of the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS). Women with previous recurrent abortions carrying polymorphisms of either factor V or factor II, or with APS (treated with heparin and low-dose aspirin), had an increased risk of foetal loss during subsequent pregnancies. Women with a previous foetal loss carrying these biological markers, treated according to recommendations during a new pregnancy (heparin for the polymorphisms, heparin plus low-dose aspirin for APS) had a lower risk of foetal loss, but an excess of late complications was observed in the APS group despite prophylaxis. We evaluated the contribution of new markers of placental vascular dysfunction. The placental alkaline phosphatase enzyme (PLAP) is synthesized and expressed by syncytiotrophoblastic cells. We found that the Ile89Leu polymorphism of the PLAP gene provides protection against implantation failure and primary miscarriage and induces increased PLAP activity. We also studied (genetics, plasma determinations, in vitro fertilisation) an angiogenic factor (patent application underway), which we showed to be associated with idiopathic implantation failure and miscarriage. These findings suggest that these molecular actors are potentially useful for the diagnosis of placenta-mediated pregnancy complications and may be relevant biomarkers of embryo implantation and/or placental development. They may indicate new targets for relevant therapeutic strategies, potentially overcoming the limitations of the currently available treatments
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32

Paschoa, Adilson Ferraz. "Impacto da pesquisa laboratorial de trombofilia na prevençao secundaria e orientação dos doentes com troboembolismo venoso." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310501.

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Orientador: Ana Terezinha Guillaumon
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: O tromboembolismo venoso (TEV) afeta de 1 a 3 indivíduos por mil habitantes/ano. O conhecimento atual das trombofilias permite a associação com cerca de 40% dos casos de TEV. Há controvérsias quanto ao valor da pesquisa laboratorial de trombofilia para o benefício dos doentes com tromboembolismo venoso. Procuraram-se as variáveis preditivas para a pesquisa positiva de trombofilia e avaliar o impacto desses resultados nas decisões clínicas. Foram avaliados 84 doentes consecutivos com TEV confirmado por métodos de imagem no período entre janeiro de 2001 e novembro de 2003. Após o período previsto de anticoagulação definido por critérios clínicos, os doentes foram submetidos à pesquisa das principais causas de trombofilia. Os resultados laboratoriais permitiram a dois examinadores independentes reavaliar caso-a-caso a indicação de ¿mudança de conduta¿, caracterizada pela interferência no tempo de profilaxia secundária ou ¿atenção especial¿ para medidas de maior vigilância diante de situações de risco ou para a extensão da pesquisa aos familiares assintomáticos. A trombofilia foi encontrada em 35 dos 84 casos (41,66%), sendo que em 27 (32,12%) havia uma causa genética. O fator V Leiden foi a alteração mais freqüente (15,47%), seguida do conjunto de deficiência dos anticoagulantes naturais (11,9%). Não houve diferença significativa da freqüência de trombofilia relacionada à faixa etária nem diferença de idade de aparecimento do primeiro evento trombótico entre doentes trombofílicos e não trombofílicos. Houve significância estatística para ocorrência de trombofilia nos doentes com tromboflebite superficial, recorrência e na associação com fatores de risco não cirúrgicos. A ¿mudança de conduta¿ foi atribuída a 6 dos 84 doentes (7,14%), estatisticamente significativa para aqueles com recorrência em relação aos que tiveram apenas um episódio de TEV. A ¿atenção especial¿ foi atribuída a 34 dos 84 casos (40,47%).A tromboflebite superficial de aparecimento espontâneo, a ocorrência de TEV relacionada a causas não cirúrgicas e a recorrência foram os principais achados preditivos de trombofilia. A ¿mudança de conduta¿ aplicou-se a uma pequena porcentagem de doentes, e refletiu predominantemente a confirmação da necessidade de prolongamento da profilaxia secundária. A ¿atenção especial¿ diante de situações de risco e a extensão da profilaxia primária a familiares de primeiro grau assintomáticos expostos a situações de risco parecem-nos a melhor indicação para a pesquisa laboratorial da trombofilia. Palavras-chave: trombofilia, fator V Leiden, mutação G20210A, proteína S, proteína C, antitrombina, hiperhomocisteinemia, anticorpos antifosfolípides, tromboembolismo venoso
Abstract: The venous thromboembolism (VTE) affects 1 to 3 individuals per a thousand habitants/year. Nowadays its possible to associated VTE with a cause of thrombophilia in about 40% of patients. There are some inconclusive points about the real benefit of the laboratorial investigation on thrombophilia for patients with VTE. We tried to identify the variables that point to the positive test results and the impact of these results on clinical decisions.The screening for the more common causes of thrombophilia was applied to 84 consecutive patients with VTE confirmed by image examination between January 2001 and November 2003. After test results, two independent observers evaluated, in a case by case basis, the indication of a ¿change on prophylaxis¿, in order to modify the period of anticoagulant intake (secondary prophylaxis), or ¿special attention¿ when considering to have a higher medical surveillance before risk situations or for the extension of the research to the first degree asymptomatic relatives.Thrombophilia was found in 41.66% (35/84), and in 32.12% (27/84) it involved agenetic cause. The factor V Leiden was the more prevalent alteration, identified in 15.47% of the cases, followed by the natural anticoagulants disfunction (11.9%). There was no significative difference of thrombophilia frequency between ages, nor a difference of age in the onset of the first thrombotic event between thrombophilic and non-thrombophilic patients. There was a higher prevalence of thrombophilia in patients with superficial thrombophlebitis of spontaneous onset, in cases of recurrence and when associated with non-surgical predisponent factors. The ¿change on prophylaxis¿ resulted in 7.14% (6/84), and there was statistically significance for patients with recurrent episodes when compared to patients with just one. The ¿special attention¿ was applied in 40.47% (34/84). Spontaneous superficial thrombophlebitis, occurrence of VTE related to nonsurgical causes and recurrence, were the main findings which suggested thrombophilia. The ¿change of prophylaxis¿ was applied to a small percentage of patients. The ¿special attention¿ for risk situations and the extension of the primary prophylaxis to the asymptomatic family members seem to be the best indication for the laboratorial research on thrombophilia. Key words: thrombophilia, factor V Leiden, G20210A mutation, protein C, protein S, antithrombin, hyperhomocysteinaemia, antiphospholipids antibodies, venous thromboembolism
Doutorado
Cirurgia
Doutor em Cirurgia
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33

Tromeur, Cécile. "Etude des facteurs de risque cliniques de maladie veineuse thromboembolique chez les femmes : implication sur la réduction des risques liées à la stratégie diagnostique de l'embolie pulmonaire chez les femmes enceintes." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0021/document.

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Introduction: La stratégie diagnostique de l’EP au cours de la grossesse est incertaine du fait du manque d’études solides d’un point de vue méthodologique, et du risque lié à l’irradiation des examens diagnostiques (angioscanner thoracique et scintigraphie pulmonaire). L’enjeu est donc de valider des stratégies performantes d’une part, et d’identifier des marqueurs cliniques permettant de réduire le recours aux examens irradiants d’autre part. Notre premier objectif a été d’identifier les pièges au cours de la stratégie diagnostique de l’EP (baisse de la performance du dosage des D‐dimères, des scores de probabilité clinique et de l’imagerie) au cours de la grossesse. Le deuxième objectif a été de comparer les performances diagnostiques et les risques des deux examens d’imagerie de référence que constituent la scintigraphie pulmonaire et l’angioscanner thoracique. Le troisième objectif a été de valider une stratégie diagnostique permettant une réduction du recours aux examens irradiants (ajustement du taux de D-dimères sur la probabilité clinique). Le dernier objectif a été de mettre en place un programme de recherche centré sur le poids des antécédents familiaux de MVTE, paramètre lui aussi susceptible de réduire le recours aux examens paracliniques. Conclusion : Au terme de ces analyses, nous avons développé un programme de validation d’une stratégie diagnostique de l’EP chez la femme enceinte ; en outre, l’identification d’un ajustement du taux de D‐dimères sur la probabilité clinique ainsi que, en termes de perspective, sur les antécédents familiaux de MVTE a le potentiel de conduire à des stratégies diagnostiques moins irradiantes et plus performantes chez les femmes enceintes ayant une suspicion d’EP
Introduction : The diagnostic strategy for PE during pregnancy is uncertain due to the lack of high quality studies and the risk of radiation exposure with computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and ventilationperfusion (V-Q) lung scan. The challenge is to validate diagnostic strategies, and to identify predictive factors to reduce the number of additional imaging tests with radiation exposure.First, we aim to identify pitfalls during the diagnostic strategy of PE (the D-dimer assay threshold, clinical probability scores, imaging) during pregnancy. Second, our objective was to compare the diagnostic efficiency of CTPA and (V-Q) lung scan during pregnancy.Third, our objective was to validate a diagnostic strategy wich reduces the number of imaging tests (adjustment of the D-dimer level on the clinical probability). Finally, the last objective was to set up a research program focused on the weight of the family history of MVTE, that may also reduce the need of additional tests. Conclusion : We identified an ongoing validation protocol with a new diagnostic algorithm in pregnant patients withPE suspicion ; Furthermore, identifying a D-dimer level adjustement as well as a family history of VTE can lead tomore effective diagnostic stragegies with less radiation exposure for pregnant women with suspected PE
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34

Simoni, Renata Zaccaria 1972. "Trombofilia hereditária em fetos com malformações de origem vascular = Genetic polymorphisms in fetuses with malformations of vascular origin." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309004.

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Orientador: Egle Cristina Couto de Carvalho
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Contexto e objetivo: Algumas malformações congênitas têm origem vascular, e a trombose durante a organogênese já foi aventada como possível mecanismo para esta ocorrência. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associação entre trombofilia fetal e malformações de origem vascular. Tipo de estudo e local: Foi realizado um estudo caso-controle, desenvolvido no ambulatório de Medicina Fetal do CAISM UNICAMP, de 2005 a 2010. Métodos: Foram incluídos no estudo 100 fetos com malformações de sistema nervoso central (SNC), gastrosquise, limb body wall e redução de membros (casos), submetidos a cordocentese como rotina do serviço, cujos resultados de cariótipo foram normais. Como controles, foram incluídos 100 fetos sem malformações cujo sangue de cordão fora previamente doado para o Banco de Sangue de Cordão do HEMOCENTRO UNICAMP. A pesquisa das mutações Fator V de Leiden, G20210A-FII e C677T-MTHFR foi realizada no sangue fetal dos dois grupos, e os resultados foram comparados. A análise descritiva foi feita utilizando Qui-quadrado e Teste Exato de Fisher. Para avaliar a associaçãoo entre as variáveis, foram utilizados o teste de Wilcoxon e a regressão logística. Resultados: Foram incluídos 78 fetos com malformações de SNC, 14 com gastrosquise, 3 com redução de membros e 2 com limb body wall. As mutações fator V de Leiden e G20210A-FII não foram encontradas nos casos e nos controles. A mutação C677T-MTHFR foi encontrada na forma heterozigota (CT) em 24 casos (24,8%) e em 6 controles. A mutação homozigota (TT) foi encontrada em 7 casos (7,2%) e em 1 controle. Estas diferenças foram estatisticamente significativas (p<0,0001). Quando avaliados os fetos com malformações de SNC (Artigo 1), a mutação CT foi encontrada com frequência significativamente maior nos casos do que nos controles (OR 10.309 IC95% 3.344-32.258), e a mutação TT também mostrou diferença significativa (OR 12.346 IC95% 1.388-111.11). A avaliação dos 14 fetos com gastrosquise (Artigo 2) não mostrou diferenças significativas quanto à presença da mutação CT ou TT entre os casos e os controles. Conclusão: A presença da mutação C677T-MTHFR no sangue fetal mostrou associação com malformações de SNC, tanto na forma homozigota quanto heterozigota
Abstract: Context and objective: Some congenital malformations have vascular origin, and a thrombosis during organogenesis is a possible mechanism for them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between fetal thrombophilia and malformations of vascular origin. Study type and location: A case-control study was performed at the Fetal Medicine Outpatient Clinic of CAISM UNICAMP, from 2005 to 2010. Methods: Ninety-seven fetuses with central nervous system malformations, gastroschisis, limb body wall and limb reduction were included in the study (cases), after routine cordocentesis showed normal karyotype results. A hundred fetuses without malformations were included as controls. These fetuses' cord blood had been donated to the Cord Blood Bank of HEMOCENTRO UNICAMP. DNA was extracted from fetal cord blood to study the mutations Factor V Leiden, G20210A-FII and MTHFR-C677T in both groups. Descriptive analysis was realized using Chi-square and Fisher's Exact Test. Wilcoxon test and logistic regression were used to analise the associations among variables. Results: We found 78 fetuses with central nervous system malformations, 14 with gastroschisis, 3 with member reduction and 2 with limb body wall. The mutations Factor V Leiden and G20210A-FII were not detected in cases nor in controls. The mutation MTHFR-C677T was encountered in 24 cases (24.8%) and in 6 controls its heterozygous form (CT). The homozygous mutation (TT) was found in 7 cases (7.2%) and in one control. These differences were statistically significant (p <0.0001). When the fetuses with central nervous system malformations were evaluated separately (Article 1), the frequency of the CT mutation was significantly higher in cases than in controls (OR 10.309 95% CI 3.344-32.258), as did the TT mutation (OR 12.346 95% CI 1.388-111.11). The 14 fetuses with gastroschisis were also evaluated separately (Article 2), and the results showed no statistically significant differences between cases and controls when concerning to the presence of the mutation MTHFR-C677T. Conclusion: The presence of the mutation MTHFR-C677T in fetal blood was associated with central nervous system malformations, both in homozygous and heterozygous form
Doutorado
Saúde Materna e Perinatal
Doutora em Ciências da Saúde
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35

Souza, Gleice Regina de 1990. "Avaliação in vitro dos efeitos do Heme livre sobre ativação da coagulação e sobre a quebra de barreira endotelial." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309164.

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Orientador: Erich Vinicius de Paula
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Há cerca de 50 anos sabe-se que pacientes com anemia falciforme (AF) apresentam maiores concentrações plasmáticas de heme livre. Recentemente, foi demonstrado que o heme é capaz de ativar a resposta imune inata, desencadeando resposta dependente de receptores "Toll-like", envolvendo a expressão de vários genes pró-inflamatórios. Em consonância com estes achados, o papel pró-inflamatório do heme foi confirmado em diferentes modelos experimentais de AF, colocando este metabólito como potencial desencadeante da oclusão microvascular e síndrome torácica aguda. Tromboses micro e macro vasculares são características da AF, e o papel do heme na patogenia destes eventos foi recentemente sugerido pela demonstração de sua capacidade de induzir a expressão de fator tecidual (FT) em células endoteliais e monócitos. No entanto, a relevância funcional da expressão deste achado ainda não foi demonstrada através de marcadores clinicamente relevantes da coagulação. Métodos: A expressão do FT induzida pelo heme foi avaliada em células mononucleares de sangue periférico (PBMC) através de dois ensaios globais da hemostasia: tromboelastometria (TEM) e teste de geração de trombina (TGT). Sangue de voluntários saudáveis foram coletados por uma veia antecubital com mínima estase em tubos de citrato de sódio (1:10) ou heparina. A TEM foi realizada em amostras de sangue total (n=10) incubadas com 30 ?M do heme (Sigma¿Aldrich) durante 4 horas a 37°C, em um equipamento ROTEM (Pentapharm). A coagulação foi ativada pela adição de CaCl2. Como controle, amostras dos mesmos indivíduos foram incubadas concomitantemente com o veículo (n=10). O TGT foi realizado em amostras de plasma duplamente centrifugadas, separadas a partir de sangue total estimulado com heme ou veículo sob as mesmas condições (n=16). A TGT foi realizada utilizando flurímetro Fluoroskan Ascent® (Thermolab). A coagulação foi ativada com FT (5pM) e fosfolipídios ( Reagente PPP, Thrombinoscope). A expressão de FT foi avaliada por qRT-PCR. PBMC e neutrófilos foram separados por centrifugação de gradiente de densidade (Ficoll) e então incubados com 30 uM de heme (n=6) ou salina (n=6) por 24hs. Teste estatístico não-paramétrico foi utilizado em todas as análises. Resultados: a incubação do sangue total com 30 uM de heme resultou numa potente indução de expressão de FT quando comparado com o veículo em PBMC (AU) (0,03±0,06 vs 1,18±0,60; P=0,03). Não foi possível detectar a expressão de FT em neutrófilos. A ativação da coagulação induzida pelo heme pode ser demonstrada através da TEM. O Heme diminuiu significativamente o tempo de coagulação (seg) (562,1±88,2 vs 387±84.3; P=0,002) e a MaxV-t (tempo para a velocidade máxima) (651,4±119,2 vs 451,1±87,4; P=0,002), que são dois indicadores de um estado de hipercoagulabilidade. Uma tendência para a diminuição do tempo de formação do coágulo também pode ser observada (P=0.07). Nenhuma diferença pode ser observada na área sob a curva da TEM. Um perfil de hipercoagulabilidade, também foi observado no TGT. Mudanças estatisticamente significativas, compatíveis com a ativação da coagulação foram observadas em parâmetros como: pico de trombina (aumentado), tempo para atingir a trombina (diminuição), índice de velocidade (aumento), período de latência (diminuição) e StarTail (diminuição) (todos<0,05). Nenhuma mudança estatisticamente significativa pode ser observada no parâmetro de pontencial endógeno de trombina. Discussão e Conclusão: A TEM e o TGT são dois testes globais em hemostasia, amplamente utilizados para avaliação de estados de hipo e hipercoagulabilidade. Ambos os métodos tem sido utilizados em pacientes com AF, que apresentam estado de hipercoagulabilidade similar ao encontrado em nosso trabalho, caracterizada por um início mais rápido da ativação da coagulação. Nossos resultados demonstram pela primeira vez que o heme, em concentrações semelhantes às observadas em pacientes com AF, é capaz de estimular não só a expressão do TF em PBMC, mas também de alterar o equilíbrio da coagulação para um estado de hipercoagulabilidade. Estes resultados fornecem um suporte adicional à hipótese de que o heme é um mediador chave na trombose micro e macro vascular na AF e, possivelmente, em outras doenças hemolíticas. Nosso estudo também avaliou de forma preliminar, o efeito do heme sobre a fosforilação do resíduo S879 da proteína p120-catenina, como um marcador indireto da quebra de barreira endotelial. Os resultados, ainda preliminares, sugerem que pode haver um efeito do heme sobre a integridade de barreira endotelial, fato que será investigado em estudos futuros
Abstract: It has been known for more than 50 years that patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) present higher plasma concentrations of heme. More recently, it was shown that heme is capable to activate innate immune response, and to trigger a toll-like receptor-dependent response that involves the expression of several pro-inflammatory genes. Accordingly, the role of heme as critical inflammatory mediator in SCD has been confirmed in different experimental models, suggesting that heme can be a trigger for microvascular occlusion and acute chest syndrome (ACS). The association between innate immune response and coagulation activation dates back to 450 million years in evolution, so that activation of the former is frequently accompanied by activation of the latter. Micro and macrovascular thrombosis are a hallmark of SCD, and the role of heme in the pathogenesis of these events has been recently suggested by demonstrations of heme-induced expression of tissue factor (TF) by endothelial cells and monocytes. However, the functional relevance of heme-induced TF expression on clinically-relevant coagulation markers has not been demonstrated. Methods: herein we evaluated heme-induced TF expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and used two different global assays of hemostasis, namely thromboelastometry (TEM) and Thrombin Generation Test (TGT) to evaluate the effect of heme on coagulation activation. Blood from healthy volunteers was drawn from an antecubital vein with minimal stasis in 0.106 sodium citrate tubes (1:10) or heparin. TEM was performed in whole-blood samples (n=10) incubated with 30 µM heme (Sigma-Aldrich) for four hours at 37oC, in a ROTEM equipment (Pentapharm). Coagulation was activated with the addition of CaCl2. Samples from same individuals incubated with vehicle were assayed concomitantly as controls (n=10). TGT was performed in double centrifuged plasma samples, separated from whole blood stimulated with heme or vehicle under the same conditions (n=16). TGT was performed using a Fluoroskan Ascent Flourimeter (Thermolab). Coagulation was activated with TF (5pM) and phospholipids (PPP reagent, Thrombinoscope). Expression of TF was evaluated by qRT-PCR. Heparin-anticoagulated blood was incubated with 30 µM heme (n=6) or vehicle (n=6) for 24 hours. PBMC and neutrophils were then separated by density gradient centrifugation (Ficoll). Non-parametric statistics were used in all analysis. Results: incubation of whole blood with heme 30 µM resulted in a potent induction of TF expression in PBMC compared to vehicle (AU)(0.03±0.06 vs 1.18±0.60; P=0.03). No TF expression could be detected in neutrophils. Heme-induced coagulation activation could be demonstrated by TEM. Heme significantly decreased the coagulation time (sec) (562.1±88.2 to 387±84.3; P=0.002) and the MaxV-t (time to maximum velocity) (651.4±119.2 to 451.1±87.4 ; P=0.002), which are two indicators of shift towards a hypercoagulable profile. A trend towards a lower clot formation time was also observed (P=0.07). No difference could be observed in the area under the TEM curve. A hypercoagulable profile was also observed in TGT in samples incubated with heme. Statistically significant changes compatible with a shift towards coagulation activation were observed in parameters such as peak thrombin (increased), time to peak thrombin (decreased), velocity index (increased), lagtime (decreased) and StarTail (decreased) (all P<0.05). No statistically significant change could be observed in the endogenous thrombin potential parameter (p=0.10). Discussion and conclusions: TEM and TGT are global hemostasis assays, widely used for evaluation of hypo- and hypercoagulable states. Both methods have been used in patients with SCD, who present hypercoagulable profiles similar to those obtained in our study, and characterized by faster onset and offset of coagulation activation. We demonstrate for the first time that heme, in concentrations similar to those observed in patients with SCD and other hemolytic disorders, is capable to not only stimulate the expression of TF by PBMC, but also to shift the coagulation balance towards a hypercoagulable state, similar to that observed in patients with SCD. These results provide additional support to the hypothesis that heme is a key mediator micro- and macrovascular thrombosis in SCD and possibly, in other hemolytic disorders. Our study also evaluated in a preliminary form the effect of heme on the phosphorylation of the residue S879 from p120-catenin, as a surrogate marker of endothelial barrier breakdown induced by heme. Though preliminary, our results suggest that heme might also affect endothelial barrier integrity. Additional studies are underway to evaluate this hypothesis
Mestrado
Clinica Medica
Mestra em Clínica Médica
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36

Daubner, Ursula [Verfasser]. "Thrombophilie und Schlaganfall / Ursula Daubner." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1064099165/34.

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37

Soligo, Adriana de Goes e. Silva 1974. "Prevalencia dos fatores trombofilicos em mulheres com infertilidade." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311746.

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Orientadores: Ricardo Barini, Egle Cristina Couto de Carvalho
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Objetivo: determinar a prevalência dos fatores trombofílicos em mulheres inférteis. Método: estudo de corte transversal, no qual foram admitidas mulheres inférteis (atendidas em clínica privada) e submetidas à investigação de trombofilia, conforme protocolo da referida clínica, no período de março de 2003 a março de 2005. Foram incluídas mulheres em idade fértil com história de infertilidade, definida como um ano de coito sem método contraceptivo e sem concepção. Foram excluídas mulheres com hepatopatia e dados incompletos em prontuário, obtendo-se a amostra de 144 mulheres. Os fatores trombofílicos avaliados foram: o anticorpo anticardiolipina (ACL) e o anticoagulante lúpico (ACGL); a deficiência de proteína C (DPC), a deficiência de proteína S (DPS), a deficiência de antitrombina III (DAT), a presença do fator V de Leiden, uma mutação no gene da protrombina e a mutação da metileno tetrahidrofolato redutase (MTHFR). Resultados: os valores de prevalência obtidos para ACL e ACGL foram de 2%. A prevalência dos fatores trombofílicos hereditários foram: DPC 4%, DPS 6%, DAT 5%, fator V de Leiden 3%, mutação da protrombina 3%, mutação MTHFR 57%. Conclusões: das 144 pacientes selecionadas, 105 mulheres, ou seja, 72,9% apresentavam pelo menos um fator trombofílico presente. Isto reforça a importância e justifica a necessidade da investigação neste grupo
Abstract: Purpose: to establish the prevalence of thrombophilic factors in infertile women. Methods: a cross-sectional study was performed, in which infertile women were included, seen in a private clinic with investigation for thrombophilia, according to the protocol of the clinic, between March 2003 and March 2005, after the approval of the Research Ethics Committee of UNICAMP. One hundred and forty four infertile women without any liver disease were evaluated. Infertility is defined as one year of unprotected sexual intercourse without contraception and with no conception. The acquired and/or inherited thrombophilic factors are: anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) and lupus anticoagulant (LA); protein C deficiency (PCD), protein S deficiency (PSD), antithrombin III deficiency (ATD), presence of the factor V Leiden, mutation in the prothrombin gene, and mutation of Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). Results: the prevalence values obtained for aCL and LA were 2%. The prevalence of hereditary thrombophilic factors were: PCD 4%, PSD 6%, ATD 5%, factor V Leiden 3%, prothrombin mutation 3%, MTHFR mutation 57%. Out of the selected 144 patients, 105 women (72, 9%) presented at least one thrombophilic factor. This reinforces the importance and justifies the need of investigation in this grou
Mestrado
Tocoginecologia
Mestre em Tocoginecologia
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38

Lopes, Michelle Remião Ugolini. "Assinatura de interferon tipo I na síndrome antifosfolípide primária." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-05122018-125757/.

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Introdução: a síndrome antifosfolípide (SAF) primária é uma vasculopatia autoimune mediada por autoanticorpos com trombose como sua principal manifestação clínica. A presença de anticorpos antifosfolípides (aPL), embora relevante para confirmar o diagnóstico, não parece ser suficiente para explicar completamente a fisiopatologia da doença e um segundo gatilho é usualmente necessário. Além das hipóteses de infecções virais e insulto inflamatório como possíveis desencadeantes, parece que os receptores toll like (TLR) e o Interferon (IFN) tipo I são possíveis protagonistas nesse processo, contribuindo para o início da trombose. Recentemente, dois pequenos estudos demonstraram que uma porcentagem relevante de pacientes com SAF primária tem uma regulação positiva de genes IFN em células mononucleares do sangue periférico (CMSP). Entretanto, 20% e 28% dos pacientes nessas duas coortes tiveram anticorpos anti-dsDNA positivos, um autoanticorpo altamente específico do lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES). Objetivo: avaliar se os pacientes com SAF bem caracterizados apresentam assinatura para interferon nas células mononucleares periféricas. Secundariamente foram avaliadas possíveis associações clínico laboratoriais com a assinatura de IFN. Métodos: foram selecionados 53 pacientes do sexo feminino com diagnóstico de SAF primária de acordo com os critérios de Sidney, com idade igual ou maior a 18 anos, selecionados no Ambulatório de SAF da Disciplina de Reumatologia do HCFMUSP, pareados por sexo e idade com 50 controles saudáveis. Um terceiro grupo com 29 paciente com antecedente de trombofilias não imunomediadas também foi incluido. Após a coleta de sangue as CMSPs foram purificadas por metodologia de Ficoll. A expressão gênica das CMSPs foi realizada através do TaqMan® RNA Assay em placas TLDA. Foram pesquisados 41 genes induzidos por IFN (GIIs). Uma análise de componente principal (ACP) foi realizada para determinar quais genes deveriam compor a assinatura de IFN. O teste de z-score foi utilizado para normalizar e calcular a assinatura de IFN para cada paciente. O cutoff da assinatura de IFN foi definido por uma curva ROC, e foi escolhido o ponto que maximizava a sensibilidade e especificidade. Características demográficas, clínicas e laboratoriais foram analisadas buscando por associações com a assinatura de IFN. Resultados: 11 genes estavam superexpressos nos pacientes com SAF em comparação aos controles. Após a análise de ACP foram escolhidos 6 genes que representavam mais de 95% do comportamento da amostra para compor a assinatura de IFN: DNAJA1, IFI27, IFI6, IFIT5, MX1 e TYK2. O cutoff encontrado pela curva ROC foi de 3,9 folds (AUC = 0,706, S = 0,49, E = 0,86, VPP = 0,79, VPN = 0,61). A assinatura de IFN estava presente em 49% dos pacientes com SAF primário vs. 14% dos controles saudáveis e 17% dos controles positivos (p < 0,001). Foi encontrada associação entre a assinatura de IFN e uma ocorrência mais precoce do primeiro evento clínico (p = 0,023), e com ocorrência de eventos obstétricos (em especial pré-eclâmpsia, p = 0,032). Não foi econtrada nenhuma associação entre a assinatura de IFN e número de eventos trombóticos, exames laboratoriais, comorbidades, antecedentes familiares de doenças autoimunes, e escores de risco de retrombose. De todos os tratamentos em uso a única associação encontrada foi entre uma menor assinatura de IFN e o uso de estatinas (p = 0,026). Conclusão: esse estudo indica que pacientes com SAF primária bem caracterizados apresentam uma assinatura de IFN tipo I, não observada em outras trombofilias não imunidade-mediadas ou em controles saudáveis. Também demonstrou-se que essa superexpressão de genes regulados por IFN tipo I está associada a um início mais precoce dos eventos e pré-eclâmpsia. Mais estudos são necessários para determinar se este subgrupo de pacientes se beneficiará de intervenções terapêuticas direcionadas à via de sinalização IFN tipo I
Introduction: primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) is an autoimmune vasculopathy mediated by autoantibodies with thrombosis as its main clinical manifestation. The presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, while relevant to confirm the diagnosis, does not seem to be sufficient to fully explain the pathophysiology and a second trigger is usually needed. Besides the hypotheses of viral infections and inflammatory insult as possible triggers, type I Interferon (IFN) has been pointed as a possible protagonist. Recently, two studies have demonstrated that a relevant percentage of PAPS patients have an up-regulation of IFN genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). However, 20% and 28% of patients in these 2 cohorts, had antidsDNA positive antibodies, a highly specific Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) autoantibody. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of type I IFN signature in PBMC of patients with PAPS without specific SLE autoantibodies and search for it with clinical and laboratorial associations. Methods: 53 PAPS patients (according to Sydney´s criteria) were consecutively selected and age-matched with 50 healthy controls. A third group, with non-immune-mediated thrombophilia patients, was also included. The expression of 41 IFN induced genes was analysed using real time quantitative PCR (TaqMan Low Density Array). A principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine which genes should compose the IFN signature and z-score was calculated. The IFN signature score cut-off was defined with a ROC curve, as the point that maximized both the specificity and sensitivity. Clinical and laboratorial features were analysed searching for associations with IFN signature. Results: 11 IFN genes were highly expressed in primary APS patients. After PCA, 6 genes remained in the IFN signature: DNAJA1, IFIT5, IFI27, MX1, IFI6, TYK2. The ROC cutoff was 3,9 folds (AUC = 0.706, S = 0.49, E = 0.86, VPP = 0.79, VPN = 0.61). The type I IFN signature was present in 49% of patients with primary APS compared to 14.0% of healthy controls and 17% of non-immune-mediated thrombophilia patients (p < 0.0001). The mean IFN score was significantly higher in PAPS patients (4.0 fold higher, p < 0.0001) than in controls. A higher IFN signature was associated with a younger age at the first APS event (p = 0.023) and with the presence of obstetric events, especially with preeclampsia (p = 0.032). There was no association between IFN signature and number of thrombotic events, laboratory exams, comorbidities, family history of autoimmune diseases, and thrombosis risk scores. Treatment with statins was associated with lower levels of IFN scores (p = 0.026). Conclusion: our result indicates that PAPS patients, without lupus specific antibodies, have an enhanced type I IFN gene signature, not observed in non-immune mediated thrombophilia. We also provide novel data demonstrating that this overexpression of type I IFN-regulated genes is associated with an earlier onset of APS events and preeclampsia. Further studies are necessary to determine if this subgroup of patients will benefit of interventions targeting the type I IFN signalling pathway
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39

Jivraj, Shehnaaz. "Genetic thrombophilic mutations and recurrent miscarriage." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486914.

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Recurrent miscarriage (RM) affects 1% of the population. Some cases have a thrombotic aetiology. While it is known that the allele frequency of factor V Leiden (FVL), a thrombophilic gene mutation, is similar between women with and without RM, the miscarriage rate of a subsequent untreated pregnancy is significantly higher in RM women carrying FVL. The studies in the thesis explore the hypothesis that (a) women with FVL and RM, who went on to miscarry again may have an additional thrombophilia that increased their risk of miscarriage (b) thrombophilia genotype inherited by the fetus may determine pregnancy outcome. The first study in the thesis demonstrates that the allele frequencies of FVL, Prothrombin G20210A (pTG) and MTHFR C677T (MTHFR) gene mutations and the prevalence of multiple thrombophilia are similar in couples with RM (n=357), late pregnancy loss (n=69) and a race matched control population (n=68). The second study describes a prospective study which shows that in couples with RM, the miscarriage rate in a subsequent untreated pregnancy was significantly higher if the male or the female partner carried multiple thrombophilic defects than if neither carried a thrombophilic defect (83% vs 44%, RR 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3-2.8). This study suggested that the paternal thrombophilia genotype, and by inference the fetal thrombophilia genotype contributes to determining pregnancy outcome. The third study explores this hypothesis by analysing the allele frequencies of FVL, PTG and MTHFR in miscarried products of conception from first trimester miscarriages (n=31) and umbilical cord blood from live-births (n=89). The allele frequency of PTG was higher in products of conception from first trimester miscarriages than live births (4.8% vs 1.1%, OR 4.47; 95% CI 0.49-54.36). The prevalence of multiple thrombophilic defects was also higher in products of conception from first trimester miscarriages than live births (6.4% vs 2.2% OR 3.00; 95% CI 0.2-42.6) This research suggests that the paternal thrombophilia genotype influences pregnancy outcome. This is a new concept in our understanding of the aetiology of RM and highlights the importance of investigating the male partner with RM. If further studies and larger datasets confirm our findings, the concept of paternal thrombophilia genotype and by inference fetal thrombophilia genotype could lead to a whole new paradigm in the way couples with RM are investigated.
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40

Baptista, Fernanda Spadotto. "Associação da presença de trombofilias com resultados maternos e fetais em pacientes com formas graves de pré-eclâmpsia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-04012018-082306/.

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OBJETIVO: Avaliar se as trombofilias pioram os desfechos maternos e fetais entre pacientes com formas graves de pré-eclâmpsia (PE). MÉTODO: De outubro/2009 a outubro/2014, foi realizada uma coorte retrospectiva de gestantes com PE grave diagnosticada antes de 34 semanas e seus recém-nascidos (RNs), internados no Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP. Foram incluídas pacientes que tinham ausência de cardiopatias, nefropatias, diabetes pré-gestacional, moléstia trofoblástica gestacional, malformação fetal, gemelidade e que realizaram pesquisa de trombofilias no período pós-natal. Foram excluídas gestações subsequentes de uma mesma paciente no período de estudo, confirmação de alteração morfológica, genética ou cromossômica fetal, após o nascimento, e ainda as que realizaram uso de heparina ou ácido acetil salicílico durante a gestação. Foram pesquisados: fator V de Leiden, a mutação G20210A da protrombina, antitrombina, proteína C, proteína S, homocisteína, anticoagulante lúpico e anticorpos anticardiolipina IgG e IgM. Compararam-se os grupos com e sem trombofilia em relação a parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais maternos e desfechos perinatais. Esta pesquisa foi aprovada pela Comissão de Ética para Análise de Projetos de Pesquisa da FMUSP. RESULTADOS: Entre as 127 pacientes selecionadas, 30 (23,6%) apresentaram diagnóstico de pelo menos uma trombofilia, hereditária ou adquirida. Entre as pacientes com trombofilia, tivemos mais pacientes da raça branca (p= 0,036). A análise de parâmetros maternos mostrou uma tendência das trombofílicas terem mais plaquetopenia (p=0,056) e evidenciou piora de parâmetros laboratoriais quando analisados em conjunto (aspartato aminotransferase >= 70 mg/dL, alanina aminotransferase>=70 mg/dL, plaquetas < 100.000/mm3, creatinina sérica >= 1,1 mg/dL); p=0,017. Não houve diferença quanto aos achados perinatais fetais. CONCLUSÃO: A presença de trombofilia associa-se à piora em parâmetros laboratoriais maternos, em pacientes com formas graves de PE, sem, contudo, piorar os desfechos perinatais, ao menos na amostra estudada
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether thrombophilia worsens maternal and foetal outcomes among patients with severe preeclampsia (PE). METHOD: From October 2009 to October 2014, a retrospective cohort study was performed on pregnant women with severe PE diagnosed before 34 weeks of gestation and their newborns hospitalized at the Clinics Hospital, FMUSP. Patients who had no heart disease, nephropathies, pre-gestational diabetes, gestational trophoblastic disease, foetal malformation, or twin pregnancy and who underwent thrombophilia screening during the postnatal period were included. Subsequent pregnancies of the same patient during the study period; cases of foetal morphological, genetic, or chromosomal abnormalities after birth; and women who used heparin or acetylsalicylic acid during pregnancy were excluded. Factor V Leiden, G20210A prothrombin mutation, antithrombin, protein C, protein S, homocysteine, lupus anticoagulant, and anticardiolipin IgG and IgM antibodies were analysed. The groups with and without thrombophilia were compared regarding their maternal clinical and laboratory parameters and perinatal outcomes. This research was approved by the Ethics Committee for the Analysis of Research Projects of FMUSP. RESULTS: Of the 127 patients selected, 30 (23.6%) had a diagnosis of at least one thrombophilia, either hereditary or acquired. Among the patients with thrombophilia, we observed more white patients (p = 0.036). Analysis of maternal parameters showed a tendency of thrombophilic women to have more thrombocytopenia (p = 0.056) and showed worsening of laboratory parameters when analysed jointly (aspartate aminotransferase >= 70 mg/dL, alanine aminotransferase >= 70 mg/dL, platelets < 100,000/mm3, serum creatinine >= 1.1 mg/dL; p = 0.017). There were no differences in foetal perinatal findings. CONCLUSION: The presence of thrombophilia is associated with worsening of maternal laboratory parameters in patients with severe forms of PE but not with the worsening of perinatal outcomes, at least in the sample studied
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41

Glaum, Ricarda. "Giessener Thrombophiliestudie eine retrospektive Analyse /." Wettenberg : VVB Laufersweiler, 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972521755.

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42

Voetsch, Barbara. "Inherited thrombophilias among young patients with ischemic stroke." [s.n.], 2002. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308456.

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Orientadores: Benito Pereira Damasceno, Valder Roberval Arruda
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-02T22:17:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Voetsch_Barbara_D.pdf: 55176396 bytes, checksum: f274efe61664e0541b7ed17b893440eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002
Resumo: Introdução e Objetivo: A etiologia de acidentes vasculares cerebrais isquêmicos (AVCi) em pacientes jovens permanece desconhecida em um terço dos casos, justificando a procura por novos fatores de risco protrombóticos. Causas comuns de trombofilia hereditária incluem o fator V de Leiden, a mutação G20210A no gene da protrombina, e hiperhomocisteinemia moderada secundária à variante termolábil da metilenotetrahidrofolato redutase (MTHFR-T). A atividade da paroxonase (PON1), uma esterase associada a lipoproteínas de alta densidade (HDL) com propriedades antioxidantes e antiaterogênicas, é determinada pelos polimorfismos Q192R e L55M da região codificadora e pelas substituições C(-107)T e G(-824)A no promotor do seu gene. A correlação destes fatores genéticos com o risco de AVCi é controversa. Além disso, foi recentemente descrita em crianças com AVCi uma deficiência hereditária de glutationa peroxidase plasmática (GPx-3), uma enzima com função de inativar espécies reativas de oxigênio que limitam a biodisponibilidade e os efeitos antiplaquetários do óxido nítrico. Porém, a base molecular dessa alteração ainda não foi identificada. Métodos: Analisamos e 118 a 167 pacientes jovens (< 45 anos) com AVCi não-fatal de etiologia indeterminada e um número equivalente de controles pareados por sexo e idade quanto à presença de fatores de risco protrombóticos. O fator V de Leiden, a variante da protrombina, homozigose para MTHFR-T, e as substituições Q192R, L55M e G(-824)A no gene da PON1 foram determinados através de PCR e digestão com enzimas de restrição. O polimorfismo PON1 C(-1O7)T foi detectado através de análise por single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP). Rastreamento do gene da GPx-3 foi realizado através de análise por SSCP, seguido de seqüenciamento de fragmentos com shift eletroforético. Resultados: A prevalência do genótipo 192RR da PON1 foi significativamente mais elevada em pacientes jovens com AVCi que controles (P=0.006), sendo o fator de risco que demonstrou a associação mais forte com AVCi de todos os fatores genéticos estudados (OR=4.1, 95% CI, 1.14 to 14.73). A presença isolada do alelo de baixa expressão -107T causou um aumento modesto no risco de AVCi, porém demonstrou ação sinergística com o genótipo 192RR, elevando a estimativa de risco de AVCi em portadores de ambas as variantes para 17 (95% CI, 1.74 to 166.35; P=0.015). Através de rastreamento do gene da GPx-3 por SSCP, identificamos quatro polimorfismos novos, ligados, no promotor do gene, associados ao risco de AVCi: A(-68)T, A(-622)T, T(-688)C e A(-703)C. Portadores do haplótipo combinando os nucleotídeos -622T, -688C e -703C foram significativamente mais prevalentes entre pacientes que controles (27.6% vs. 15.4%; P=0.020) e tiveram um risco de AVCi duas vezes maior quando comparado a não-portadores (OR=2.09, 95% CI, 1.12 to 3.92). O risco de AVCi associado ao genótipo PON1 192RR e aos polimorfismos do promotor da GPx-3 foi potenciado em indivíduos simultaneamente expostos a fatores de risco vasculares convencionais. Nenhuma diferença significativa na prevalência de fator V de Leiden, da variante da protrombina, ou homozigose para MTHFR-T foi encontrada entre pacientes e controles, com exceção de uma freqüência elevada de MTHFR-T em um grupo pequeno de indivíduos de origem negróide (OR=5.9, 95% CI, 0.88 to 49.2). Conclusões: Estes dados demonstram que variantes genéticas em enzimas antioxidantes predispõem ao desenvolvimento precoce de AVCi e sugerem um novo mecanismo para trombose arterial que envolve a biodisponibilidade diminuída de óxido nítrico. Além disso, a interação dos fatores genéticos com fatores de risco convencionais concordam com o conceito atual de que as doenças aterotrombóticas, incluindo AVCi em jovens, têm etiologia multifatorial
Abstract: Background and Purpose: The etiology of arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in the young remains unknown in up to one-third of patients, warranting the search for novel prothrombotic risk factors. Common causes of inherited thrombophilia inc1ude factor V Leiden, the prothrombin G20210A mutation, and mild hyperhomocysteinemia due to the thermolabile variant ofmethylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR-T). Activity levels of paraoxonase (PON1), an antioxidant and antiatherogenic HDL-bound esterase, are determined by the Q192R and L55M coding region polymorphisms and the C(-107)T and G(-824)A substitutions in the gene promoter. The correlation of these genetic factors with the risk of AIS is controversial. In addition, a heritable deficiency of plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx-3), a reactive oxygen species scavenger that protects the bioavailability and antiplatelet effects of nitric oxide (NO), was recently described in association with childhood stroke, yet a molecular basis for this defect has not been identified. Methods: We analyzed up to 167 young patients (< 45 years ofage) with non-fatal AIS of undetermined etiology and an equivalent number of age- and gender-matched controls for the presence of inherited prothrombotic risk factors. Factor V Leiden, the prothrombin variant, homozygosity for MTHFR-T, and the Q192R, L55M, and G(-824)A substitutions in the PON1 gene were determined by PCR amplification and restriction digestion. The PON1 C(-107)T polymorphism was detected by single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. Screening ofthe GPx-3 gene for genetic abnormalities was performed by SSCP, followed by sequencing offtagments with electrophoretic shifts. Results: The prevalence of the PONl 192RR genotype was significantly higher among patients than controls (P=0.006),showing the strongest independent association with the risk of AIS among all the genetic risk factors studied (OR=4.1, 95% CI, 1.14 to 14.73). The presence of the low expressor PON1 -107T allele was only modest1yassociated with AIS when ana1yzed alone, yet further increased the risk conferred by the 192RR genotype, yielding an adjusted risk estimate of 17 in carriers ofboth variants (95% CI, 1.74 to 166.35; P=0.015). By SSCP screening of the GPx-3 gene we identified four novel linked polymorphisms in the promoter associated with the risk of AIS: A(-68)T, A(-622)T, T(-688)C, and A(-703)C. Carriers ofthe haplotype combining nucleotides -622T, -688C, and -703C were significantly more frequent among patients than controls (27.6% vs. 15.4%; P=0.020) and had twice the risk of AIS as compared to non-carriers (OR=2.09, 95% CI, 1.12 to 3.92). The risk associated with the PON1 192RR genotype and the GPx-3 promoter polymorphisms was potentiated in individuaIs simultaneously exposed to conventional vascular risk factors. No significant difference in the prevalence of factor V Leiden, the prothrombin variant, and homozygosity for MTHFR-T was found between patients and controls, with the exceptio~ of a higher frequency of MTHFR-T in a small group ofindividuals of African descent (OR=5.9, 95% CI, 0.88 to 49.2). Conclusions: These data indicate that genetic variants in antioxidant enzymes predispose to the early development of AIS and support a novel mechanism for arterial thrombosis that involves reduced bioavailablity ofNO. In addition, the interaction ofthese genetic markers with conventional vascular risk factors support the current concept that atherothrombotic disease is a complex trait and multifactorial in nature
Doutorado
Neurologia
Doutor em Ciências Médicas
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43

Peleska, Gerhard. "Komplikationen der Behandlung mit Kumarin-Derivaten und Ergebnisse einer modifizierten Dosisanpassung : Pilotstudie aus einer ärztlichen Praxis /." Marburg : Görich & Weiershäuser, 2009. http://d-nb.info/994710666/04.

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Groussin, Sophie Lecompte Thomas. "Première consultation de contraception et prévention des accidents thromboemboliques veineux sous estroprogestatifs expérience d'un centre de planification /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2008_GROUSSIN_SOPHIE.pdf.

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45

Gentilomo, Chiara. "Studio della trombosi infantile mediante la realizzazione e l'utilizzo di un registro nazionale per la raccolta dei casi di trombosi cerebrale e sistemica in età€ pediatrica e neonatale e valutazione della trombofilia." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422183.

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SECTION 1: THE ITALIAN REGISTRY OF CHILDHOOD THROMBOSIS BACKGROUND: Thromboembolism (TE) in children is a growing problem, more frequent than previously thought. A recent survey performed in 40 pediatric tertiary care hospitals of th e US shows an increase of 70% (34 to 58 cases per 100 admissions from 2001 to 2007). Many cases still remain unrecognized or lately diagnosed, worsening the prognosis. The prognosis of pediatric TE is severe both for mortality and morbidity rate, especially as for as cerebral stroke is concerned. Epidemiological data as well as pediatric randomized clinical trials are lacking, and treatment recommendations mostly based on adult guidelines. AIM OF THE STUDY: 1) to realize an online national Registry of neonatal and chidhood TE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: RITI is a national multicenter prospective observational study, which includes instrumentally confirmed TE events both in cerebrale (cerebral venous sinus thrombosis or CSVT and cerebral arterial ischemic stroke or AIS) and systemic (systemic venous thrombosis or SVTE, pulmonary embolism or PE, systemic arterial thrombosis or SATE, intracardiac thrombosis or IcTE and coronary thrombosis CoTE) circulation, with neonatal onset (≥ 40 weeks of gestation + 28 days of life), pediatric (≥ 29 days and ≤ 18 years) or presumed perinatal. We describe RITI realization steps and the features of RITI online forms and database. We report the result of a descriptive analysis of the data enrolled up to September 30th 2011. RESULTS: RITI has been launched on May 1st 2010 and is available online at www.trombosinfantili.it. The patient-episode form consists of 2 mandatory sections summarizing patient and TE data, 8 optional sections reguarding detailed features of TE event, and 6 follow-up sections (3, 6, 12, 36 to 48 months follow-up). The informed consent form can be downloaded by RITI website; data entry ensures anonymity. RITI currently counts 118 registered physicians and 65 enrolling physician. It included partecipants from 13 out of 20 Italian regions and 33 pediatric centers. 352 TE events (217 pediatric TE and 135 neonatal TE) referred to 323 patients have been enrolled. Out of 352 cases, 122 were Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CSVT), 117 Arterial Ischemic Stroke (AIS), 80 Sistemic Venous Thrombosis (SVTE), 14 Sistemic Arterial Thrombosis (SATE), 12 Intracardiac Thrombosis (ICTE), 7 Pulmonary Embolism (PE). CONCLUSIONS: Even though these are preliminary data, which suffer the limitations of the enrollement method (online registry), the usefulness and powerfull of the Italian Registry of Childhood Thrombosis has already been confirmed. It could rapresent a pivot around which make the pediatric culture of pediatric TE growing. SECTION 2: THE ROLE OF A HYPERGOAGULABLE STATE IN PATHOGENESIS AND PRGOGNOSIS OF CEREBRAL SINO VENOUS THROMBOSIS IN NEONATAL AND PEDAITRIC AGE Background. Despite the low incidence of thromboembolic (TE) events in pediatric age, as compared with adults, they may result in significant morbidity and mortality. Increasing evidence suggests that the prognosis of TE in pediatric age, especially cerebral TE, is mainly influenced by the etiology. Thrombophilia, with other multiple clinical underlying conditions, is supposed to contribute to the development of thrombosis in neonates and children. The Italian Registry of Childhood Thrombosis (RITI) should help us in collecting well-sized study population to investigate the prognostic factors of TE. Cerebral Sino venous thrombosis (CSVT) in children is a rare (incidence is 0,67 per 100.000 children per year) but increasingly recognized disorder, and it is the most frequently enrolled type of TE both in RITI general population and in our Department series. Many studies investigated thrombophilia performing known prothrombotic defect determination in pediatric CSVT, while the role of a hypercoagulable global status is not yet clarified. Thrombin generation (TG) tests have recently become available to explore the overall hypercoagulable status. It measures the amount of thrombin formed during the haemostatic process. AIM 1) To evaluate the clinical features, including thrombophilia, of newborns and children with CSVT in order to highlight which have prognostic significance. 2) To investigate the role of TG in predicting the risk of developing a first CSVT event, as well as a bad prognosis after a first CSVT in a case-control study. Methods. Medical-records of consecutive patients (0-18 years of age) with radiologically confirmed CSVT (magnetic resonance imaging - MRI, and venography - MRV), investigated at Paediatric Department of Padua University from 2004 to 2010 (and enrolled in RITI since 2007) have been reviewed, in order to collect clinical, radiologic and laboratory data. Survived patients have been recalled for a clinical follow-up assessment, and blood samples have been collected from patients and their parents in order to complete thrombophilia testing and to perform TG assay (ETP test, and CAT method). A comparable amount of blood samples have been collected from pediatric and adult healthy controls. Association between clinical features and short-term outcome (at discharge) or long term outcome (at last follow-up) has been investigate. Death or persisting severe neurological deficit have been considered bad outcome. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s Exact Test (p < 0,05) (SAS version 9.1). ETP test deriving TG parameters (endogenous thrombin potential - ETP and TG peak - PEAK) in patients, healthy controls, and in subgroups of patients with statistically associated prognostic factors have been compared by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum test” (SAS version 9.1). Patient’s values distribution has been evaluated by comparison with a control range (healthy control average ±1DS). CAT (Calibrated Automated Thrombogram) deriving TG parameters (ETP, PEAK and LAG TIME) in patients and healthy controls have been compared as well. RESULTS. 23 patients were included (16 M, 83%), 7 neonates (≤ 28 days) and 16 children (29 days -18 years). 3/16 children (19%) and 2/7 neonates (29%) died. 4/16 children (25%) and 5/5 survived neonate (100%) suffered persisting neurological disability (mild or severe) at last follow-up (mean follow-up time: 2,7 years). The overall long-term bad outcome rate was 71% % in neonatal CSVT and 31% in non-neonatal CSVT. No thrombosis recurrences have been observed. Coma at onset is the main prognostic factor, associated with a short term (p = 0,009) and long term (p = 0,018) bad outcome. Neonatal age is associated with a poor prognosis, too (p=0,027).. Mastoiditis, the most frequent risk factor for CSVT in pediatric age, is associates with a good outcome (p = 0,03). There was no association between recanalization at 10 days and at 30-70 days and outcome. No significant differences in ETP and PEAK level have been pointed out between patients and controls and within patient’s subgroups with ETP test (BCS). CAT method highlighted a significant increase in ETP (p=0,10) and PEAK (p=0,16) level of CSVT patients compared to healthy controls. Comparison between groups identified by outcome type and relevant clinical features are ongoing. CONCLUSINS. Prognosis after a first episode of CSVT is severe. Analysis of prognostic determinants suggests that younger patients and the acute phase of CSVT at any age must be the focus of future trials, in order to optimize antithrombotic and supportive approach, that should be probably more aggressive in neonates and seriously compromised patients (comatose patients). The recanalization has been confirmed unrelated to outcome. Further studies are required to investigate the opportunity of a shorter period of therapeutic anticoagulation, once a complete clinical recovery has been obtained. A persisting hypercoagulable state, is related to the risk of developing a first episode of CSVT in neonatal and pediatric age. ETP test (BCS) might be inadequate for investigating the hypercoagulability in pediatric age. Further analysis of our data as well larger studies are required to better define the role of hypercoagulable state in pediatric CSVT prognosis and recurrence risk
PARTE I: REALIZZAZIONE E UTILIZZO DI UN REGISTRO NAZIONALE PER LA RACCOLTA DEI CASI DI TROMBOSI CEREBRALE E SISTEMICA IN ETÀ PEDIATRICA E NEONATALE INTRODUZIONE: La patologia tromboembolica (TE) in età pediatrica rappresenta un problema emergente e più frequente di quanto si ritenesse in passato. Negli ospedali nord americani viene riportato un incremento del 70% (da 34 a 58 casi per 100 ricoveri dal 2001 al 2007). Si ritiene peraltro che molti casi rimangano tuttora misconosciuti o siano diagnosticati in ritardo, peggiorandone la prognosi. La ricerca scientifica in questo campo ha mostrato un notevole sviluppo negli ultimi anni, tuttavia è ancora ad uno stadio iniziale. A tutt’oggi mancano dati epidemiologici certi, non esistono trial clinici randomizzati sul trattamento in età pediatrica e la gestione clinico-terapeutica si basa ancora sull’esperienza e sulle linee guida formulate per l’adulto. Sono necessari studi prospettici dedicati all’età evolutiva, su popolazioni di pazienti omogenee e di dimensioni significative, che utilizzino sistemi di classificazione unici e condivisi, parametri standardizzati di valutazione dei fattori di rischio e degli outcome, al fine di porre le basi per lo sviluppo di strategie terapeutiche e preventive. Gli unici dati italiani riportati in letteratura riguardano piccole serie di casi. SCOPO: scopo primario del nostro lavoro è stato quello di realizzare un registro on-line (il Registro Italiano Trombosi infantile – RITI) in grado di raccogliere consecutivamente i casi italiani neonatali e pediatrici di tromboembolismo (TE) sia arterioso che venoso, cerebrale e sistemico. Sono obiettivi del registro: (1) definire le caratteristiche epidemiologiche del TE infantile nel nostro paese, (2) generare una rete clinico-assistenziale e scientifica che permetta anche in Italia di standardizzare l’approccio diagnostico terapeutico al TE infantile e che favorisca lo sviluppo trial clinici pediatrici multicentrici. Scopo secondario di questo lavoro è stato quello di eseguire l’analisi dei dati inseriti fino al 30 settembre 2011. MATERIALI E METODI: (1) Realizzazione del Registro. Il RITI rappresenta uno studio osservazionale prospettico multicentrico nazionale, che include gli eventi TE strumentalmente accertati di tromboembolismo cerebrale (trombosi dei seni venosi cerebrali o CSVT e stroke ischemico arterioso o AIS) e sistemico (trombosi venosa sistemica o SVTE, embolia polmonare o PE, trombosi arteriosa sistemica o SATE, trombosi intracardiaca o IcTE, e trombosi coronarica o CoTE) ad esordio neonatale (≥40 settimane di gestazione + 28 giorni di vita), pediatrico (≥29 giorni e ≤18 anni) o presunto perinatale. La realizzazione del RITI ha richiesto (1) la revisione sistematica della letteratura pertinente e definizione dei contenuti della scheda paziente-episodio, (2) la traduzione informatica della scheda, (3) la creazione di un gruppo nazionale multidisciplinare (Gruppo Italiano per il Registro delle Trombosi Infantili - GIRTI), per la condivisione e la validazione del nascente Registro anche mediante l’inserimento di pazienti test da parte di medici esterni al progetto, (4) la successiva realizzazione e validazione dell’apparato di gestione del registro (sito di backoffice) e dell’apparato di estrazione e interrogazione del database (query builder), (5) la diffusione e la gestione del RITI dopo la sua inaugurazione ufficiale anche mediante il controllo della qualità dei dati isneriti. (2) Analisi dei dati del RITI. L’analisi ha riguardato i casi inseriti nel RITI fino al 30 settembre 2011. Grazie all’utilizzo del software di estrazione dati (query builder) accessibile al sito di gestione http://backoffice.evtel.com, è possibile costruire il database da analizzare impostando, sulla base del quesito scientifico, i criteri di selezione della popolazione da studiare e le variabili che di quella popolazione di vogliono studiare. È stata eseguita un’analisi descrittiva dei dati delle sottopopolazioni di casi inseriti definite sulla base del tipo di TE e dell’età di esordio (neonatale o pediatrica). RISULTATI: Il Registro Italiano Trombosi Infantili (RITI) è stato inaugurato il 1 maggio 2010 ed è accessibile online al sito www.trombosinfantili.it. La scheda paziente-episodio di compone di 2 sezioni a compilazione obbligatoria riassuntive, di 8 sezioni opzionali dedicate all’approfondimento dell caratteristiche dell’evento TE e di 6 sezioni relative al follow up del paziente ad intervalli definiti da 3 a 48 mesi dall’esordio. Il sito fornisce il modulo di consenso informato da sottoporre al paziente. L’inserimento dei dati garantisce l’anonimato. Attualmente RITI conta 118 medici registrati al sito e 65 medici inseritori e copre 13 su 20 regioni italiane. Sono stati arruolati 352 eventi TE (217 pediatrici e 135 neonatali) relativi a 323 pazienti, provenienti da 33 centri pediatrici italiani. SU 352 casi inseriti 122 sono rappresentati da Trombosi dei seni venosi cerebrali CSVT, 117 da stroke ischemico arterioso AIS, 80 da Trombosi Venosa Sistemica SVTE, 14 da trombosi arteriosa sistemica SATE, 12 da Trombosi intracardiaca ICTE, 7 da embolia polmonare PE. Al momento non è stato inserito alcun caso di trombosi coronarica. CONCLUSIONI: sebbene i dati presentati siano preliminari, e risentano delle limitazioni della metodologia di arruolamento dei casi che si basa su un registro online, appaiono già chiare l’utilità e le potenzialità di questo studio, così come il suo potenziale ruolo di perno attorno a cui far crescere la cultura pediatrica in materia di TE. PARTE II: STUDIO DEL RUOLO DELLO STATO IPERCOAGULABILE NELLA PATOGENESI E NELLA PROGNOSI DELLA TROMBOSI VENOSA CEREBRALE IN ETÀ EVOLUTIVA, MEDIANTE VALUTAZIONE DELLA TROMBINO-GENERAZIONE INTRODUZIONE. Gli eventi tromboembolici (TE) in età pediatrica, sebbene siano molto più rari che nell’adulto, sono gravati da una prognosi severa, sia in termini di mortalità che di morbilità a lungo termine. In mancanza di trial pediatrici, le attuali raccomandazioni terapeutiche sono prevalentemente mutuate da quelle dell’adulto, e non vi sono evidenze sufficienti a supportare una diversificazione dell’approccio sulla base della stratificazione del rischio dei singoli pazienti. Alcune casistiche suggeriscono che la prognosi del TE pediatrico, in particolare del TE cerebrale, sia influenzata dall’eziologia dell’evento. La trombofilia, in associazione ad altre condizioni cliniche, si associa al rischio di trombosi nel neonato e nel bambino. Il Registro Italiano Trombosi Infantile (RITI), mettendo a disposizione un’ampia casistica, che vista l’incidenza del TE a quest’età sarebbe difficilmente ottenibile altrimenti, potrà favorire lo studio dei fattori prognostici del TE pediatrico. La trombosi dei seni venosi cerebrali (TSV) sebbene non frequente (incidenza: 0,67/100.000 bambini tra 0 e 18 anni per anno) è una patologia in aumento in età pediatrica, ed è al momento la tipologia di TE più rappresentata sia nel RITI, che nella casistica di eventi TE del nostro Dipartimento. Mentre l’associazione dei singoli difetti trombofilici con la CSVT pediatrica è stata indagata in numerosi studi, il ruolo che riveste la presenza di uno stato di ipercoagulabilità globale e persistente nella CSVT non è tuttora chiarito. I test di trombino generazione (TG), da poco divenuti disponibili per l’applicazione clinica, permettono di indagare lo stato di coagulabilità globale di un paziente, mediante la misurazione della quantità di trombina generata durante il processo emostatico. Kit come l’ETP test sono attualmente commercializzati come potenziali test di screening su larga scala, mentre test meno automatizzati come il CAT (alibrated Automated Thrombogram) rimangono legati all’esperienza di laboratori specializzati. SCOPO. 1) Analizzare le caratteristiche cliniche, compresa la trombofilia, di una casistica di neonati e bambini con CSVT al fine di identificare quelle prognosticamente rilevanti. 2) Indagare lo stato di ipercoagulabilità, valutato mediante TG, nei pazienti che sviluppano un primo episodio di CSVT e indagarne l’associazione con la prognosi e il rischio di recidiva, in uno studio caso-controllo. MATERIALI E METODIi. I dati clinici, laboratoristici e neuroradiologici dei pazienti (0-18 anni) con diagnosi di CSVT neuroradiologicamente confermata (RM e angio-RM) consecutivamente valutati presso il Dipartimento di Pediatria dell’Università degli Studi di Padova dal 2004 al 2010 sono stati raccolti mediante la rivisitazione della cartelle cliniche e del database del RITI (per i pazienti con esordio dal 2007). I pazienti sopravvissuti e i loro genitori sono stati richiamati per aggiornare il follow-up clinico e sottoporli al prelievo per il completamento dello screening per trombofilie e per la valutazione della TG. Sono stati raccolti i campioni ematici di altrettanti bambini e adulti sani standardizzati per sesso ed età. I fattori clinici statisticamente correlati ad un esito favorevole o sfavorevole a breve (alla dimissione) e a lungo termine (ultimo follow up) sono stati identificati utilizzando il test esatto di Fisher in un’analisi bivariata (p>0,05), mediante sistema SAS versione 9.1. La valutazione della TG è stata condotta mediante ETP test e i parametri ottenuti (potenziale endogeno di trombina – ETP, picco di trombino generazione – PICCO e tempo di inizio – LAG TIME) dei casi e dei controlli, nonchè dei singoli sottogruppi di casi identificati per fattori prognosticamente rilevanti sono stati confrontati mediante test di Wilcoxon (SAS versione 9.1). Nel sospetto di una inadeguatezza dell’ETP test emersa sulla base dei risultati, la valutazione della TG è stata ripetuta mediante metodo CAT. RISULTATI. Sono stati studiati 23 pazienti (19 M, 83%), di cui 7 hanno sviluppato CSVT in epoca neonatale (< 28 giorni), 16 in età pediatrica. All’ultimo follow up (durata media 2,7 anni) 3/16 (19%) bambini e 2/7 (29%) neonati erano deceduti, mentre 4/16 (25%) bambini e i tutti i neonati sopravvissuti (5/7) presentavano esiti neurologici lievi o gravi. Non sono state osservate recidive di trombosi. La presenza di coma all’esordio si è rivelato il fattore correlato con maggior forza ad una prognosi sfavorevole sia nel breve (p = 0,009) che nel lungo termine (p = 0,018). Anche l’età neonatale risulta significativamente correlata ad un esito sfavorevole (p=0,027). L’otomastoidite, il più frequente fattore di rischio in età pediatrica, è risultata associarsi ad un outcome favorevole (p= 0,03). La ricanalizzazione indagata a 10 e a 30-70 giorni non è risultata correlata all’outcome. Dalla valutazione della TG con ETP test non sono emerse differenze significative tra casi e controlli e tra sottogruppi di casi. Il metodo CAT, invece, ha evidenziato uno stato di ipercoagulabilità nei pazienti affetti da CSVT rispetto ai controlli pediatrici sani. Sono in corso l’analisi della TG mediante CAT nei genitori e nei controlli adulti e il confronto dei parametri di TG ottenuti, tra sottogruppi di casi. CONCLUSIONI. Il nostro studio conferma che la CSVT è gravata da prognosi severa. Dall’esame dei fattori prognostici emerge che è proprio la fase acuta della patologia quella in cui concentrare la ricerca per ottimizzare la terapia antitrombotica e di supporto, in particolare nel neonato e nei pazienti con quadro clinico severo (stato comatoso). Ulteriori studi sono necessari, d’altra parte, per chiarire l’effettiva utilità di protrarre la somministrazione a dosaggio terapeutico dei farmaci anticoagulanti in caso di mancata ricanalizzazione, dopo un completo recupero clinico. Uno stato di ipercoagulabilità persistente è associato al rischio di sviluppare un primo episodio di CSVT in età pediatrica. L’ETP test sembra essere inadeguato per indagare lo stato di coagulabilità in età pediatrica. Il completamento del nostro studio, associato ad altri studi di dimensioni più ampie che comprendano casi di recidiva di CSVT, potranno infine chiarire il significato prognostico dell’ipercoagulabilità nella CSVT pediatrica
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Herz-Bergemann, Katharina [Verfasser]. "Thrombophilie in der Schwangerschaft : Schwangerschaftskomplikationen und therapeutische Möglichkeiten / Katharina Herz-Bergemann." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1030381275/34.

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Herz-Bergemann, Katharina Maria [Verfasser]. "Thrombophilie in der Schwangerschaft : Schwangerschaftskomplikationen und therapeutische Möglichkeiten / Katharina Herz-Bergemann." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1030381275/34.

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Buzluca-Dargaud, Gamze Yesim. "Phénotypage du système de coagulation sanguine par la mesure de génération de thrombine : étude pré-clinique et applications cliniques innovantes." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10122.

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L'exploration de l'hémostase est basée sur la mesure des temps de coagulation ou des activités des différentes protéines de la coagulation. Cette approche a une faible valeur prédictive du risque individuel hémorragique ou thrombotique encouru par les patients. Nous avons étudié le test de génération de thrombine pour le phénotypage de la coagulation. Les conditions préanalytiques et analytiques permettant de s'approcher le plus possible des conditions physiologiques ont été déterminées avec une bonne répétabilité, reproductibilité du test permettant son utilisation dans des laboratoires hospitaliers. Nous avons montré que le test pouvait détecter l'hypo- et hypercoagulabilités liées à l'hémophilie et aux thromboses veineuses. Nous avons établi une relation entre l'ETP et le risque d'événement clinique hémorragique ou thrombotique chez les hémophiles et les patients thrombotiques. Le test peut aussi être utilisé pour la surveillance des traitements antihémophiliques
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Membre, Aurélie Regnault Véronique. "Hypercoagulabilité associée aux anticorps anti-phospholipides approches descriptives et mécanistiques /." S. l. : Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2008_0125_MEMBRE.pdf.

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Sarno, Manoel Alfredo Curvelo. "Associação entre antecedentes morbidos, dopplervelocimetria de arterias uterinas, anticorpos antifosfolipideos e resultados perinatais adversos em um grupo de gestantes." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311741.

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Orientador: Ricardo Barini
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T18:24:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sarno_ManoelAlfredoCurvelo._D.pdf: 2031340 bytes, checksum: 3b2a7d30a8001e19edce044e6d8670ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: Introdução: A presença de anticorpos antifosfolipídeos freqüentemente está associada a complicações obstétricas como aborto de repetição, óbito fetal, descolamento prematuro da placenta e pré-eclâmpsia grave e precoce. Objetivo: avaliar associação dos antecedentes mórbidos, da Dopplervelocimetria de artérias uterinas, dos anticorpos antifosfolipídeos (AAF) e resultados obstétricos/perinatais em um grupo de gestantes. Sujeitos e Métodos: foi conduzido um estudo de coorte e corte transversal, onde foram analisadas gestantes atendidas nos Ambulatórios de Pré-Natal da Unicamp que aceitaram participar do estudo. Foi aplicado um questionário sobre os antecedentes mórbidos, realização de dosagem dos AAF, realizada Dopplervelocimetria de artérias uterinas e analisada correlação com resultados obstétricos/perinatais. Resultado: foram avaliadas 385 gestantes com média de idade de 26,6 (±6,3) anos. A anticardiolipina (aCL) e o anti-ß2 glicoproteína I (anti-ß2-gpI) foram avaliados em 382 gestantes, dos quais 4,4% apresentaram o anti-ß2gpI IgM positivo, 4,7% IgG, 6,2% aCL IgG e 6,7% IgM. O anticoagulante lúpico (AL) foi avaliado em 137 gestantes com positividade em 2,3%. 33,4% das gestantes tinham, pelo menos, um antecedente obstétrico desfavorável (aborto recorrente, óbito fetal, pré-eclâmpsia, parto prematuro, filho anterior nascido com peso menor que 2.500g ou descolamento prematuro de placenta) e 2,6% tinham eventos trombóticos (infarto, acidente vascular cerebral, tromboembolismo pulmonar ou trombose venosa profunda). 16,5% tinham pelo menos um antecedente e um AAF positivo, contra 13,3% sem antecedente (p=0,44). 10% apresentavam antecedente trombótico e AAF positivo contra 14,4% sem história de evento trombótico e AAF negativo (p=0,88). As complicações obstétricas/perinatais foram avaliadas em 305 gestantes sendo que no grupo com antecedentes 31,7% evoluíram para alguma complicação obstétrica na gestação em curso contra 28,4% do grupo sem antecedente (p=0,59). Analisando o desfecho pré-eclâmpsia com pelo menos um antecedente, 7,7% x 4,5% (p=0,29), índice Apgar no 5º minuto menor ou igual a 7, 4,9% x 5,6% (p=0,57), peso abaixo de 2.500g, 15,5% x 12% (p=0,47). Quando separados os grupos com e sem antecedentes e comparados ao Doppler de artérias uterinas as mulheres que relataram peso inferior a 2.500g tiveram 4,0 [IC95: 1,16-13,7] vezes mais chance de apresentar índice de pulsatilidade acima do percentil 95 (IP>P95) e 4,68 [IC95: 1,37-15,9] quando apresentavam antecedente de elevação da pressão arterial antes das 34 semanas em gestação anterior. Não foram encontradas correlações dos outros antecedentes com o Doppler. Quando o IP>P95 houve um risco relativo (RR) de 2,77 [IC95: 1,87-4,11] para pelo menos uma complicação obstétrica/perinatal, 5,19 [IC95: 1,41-19,1] para Apgar do 5º minuto menor que 7 e 6,94 [IC95: 4,31-11,1] de peso abaixo de 2.500g. Quando associado IP>P95 e pelo menos um antecedente o RR para peso abaixo de 2.500g foi de 6,06 [IC95: 3,19-11,5] e 6,61 [IC95: 3,46-12,6] para parto antes das 37 semanas. Quando comparados os dois grupos não foi encontrada significância estatística no desfecho de pré-eclâmpsia com RR de 4.70 [IC95: 0,80-27,4]. Na avaliação do IP>P95 e AAF, 11,1% tinham o IP>P95 e pelo menos um AAF, contra 14,4% no grupo sem essas características, com Razão de Prevalência (RP)=0,77 [IC95: 0,11-4,96]. A RP para o grupo com IP>P95 e pelo menos um antecedente para a presença de pelo menos um AAF, foi de 1,75 [IC95: 0,31-9,75]. Conclusão: os antecedentes obstétricos desfavoráveis, assim como o Doppler de artérias uterinas não se correlacionaram com os AAF. O aumento da resistência ao Doppler nas artérias uterinas, isoladamente ou em associação aos antecedentes mórbidos, apresentou maior chance de complicações obstétricas/perinatais. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas quando avaliado o Doppler associado com antecedentes e AAF
Abstract: The presence of antiphospholipid antibodies is often associated with obstetrical complications such as recurrent miscarriage, fetal death, placental abruption and severe early preeclampsia. Objective: To evaluate the association between a history of morbidity, uterine artery Doppler flow, serum antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) and perinatal/obstetric outcomes in a group of pregnant women. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional cohort study evaluated pregnant women receiving care at Unicamp's prenatal clinic, who agreed to participate in the study. A questionnaire was applied to obtain data on the patient's history of morbidity, serum antiphospholipid antibodies were measured and a Doppler scan of the uterine arteries was performed. Results were correlated with obstetrical/perinatal outcome. Results: A total of 385 pregnant women with a mean age of 26.6 ± 6.3 years were evaluated. Anticardiolipin (aCL) and anti-ß2 glycoprotein I (anti-ß2-gpI) were evaluated in a group of 382 pregnant women, 4.4% of whom tested positive for anti-ß2-gpI IgM, 4.7% for IgG, 6.2% for ACL IgG and 6.7% for IgM. Lupus anticoagulant (LA) was evaluated in 137 pregnant women, 2.3% of whom tested positive. Overall, 33.4% of patients had a medical history that included recurrent miscarriage, fetal death, preeclampsia, prematurity, previous pregnancy resulting in an infant with birthweight of <2.500g or placental abruption. In addition, 2.6% had experienced a thrombotic event such as myocardial infarction, stroke, pulmonary thromboembolism or deep vein thrombosis. Overall, 16.5% of patients had at least one of the above-mentioned conditions and tested positive for APA compared to 13.3% of those with no medical history of any of these conditions (p=0.44). Ten percent of the women had experienced a thrombotic event and tested positive for APA while 14.4% had never had a thrombotic event and tested negative for APA (p=0.88). Obstetric and perinatal outcomes were analyzed in 305 women, and results showed that 31.7% of the women with a medical history of morbidities suffered at least one obstetrical complication in the current pregnancy compared to 28.4% in the group of women who had no medical history of morbidity (p=0.59). When each outcome was correlated with a history of at least one medical condition, preeclampsia was found in 7.7% of cases versus 4.5% in the group with no medical history (p=0.29), 5th minute Apgar score = 7 in 4.9% compared to 5.6% (p=0.57) and birthweight <2.500g in 15.5% compared to 12% (p=0.47). When the groups of women with and without a medical history of complication were analyzed separately and correlated with uterine artery Doppler, the women who reported having had an infant with a birthweight <2.500 grams were four times more likely (95%CI: 1.16-13.7) to have a pulsatility index (PI) above the 95th percentile and 4.68 times more likely (95%CI: 1.37-15.9) if they had a history of increased blood pressure prior to 34 weeks in their previous pregnancy. No significant correlations were found between other medical conditions and PI above the 95th percentile. When the PI was above the 95th percentile, there was a relative risk (RR) of 2.77 (95%CI: 1.87-4.11) of developing at least one obstetrical/perinatal complication, a RR of 5.19 (95%CI: 1.41-19.1) of 5th minute Apgar score being = 7 and a RR of 6.94 (95%CI: 4.31-11.1) of birthweight <2.500 grams. When PI above the 95th percentile was associated with at least one prior complication, the RR for birthweight <2.500 grams was 6.06 (95%CI: 3.19 - 11.5) and 6.61 (95%CI: 3.46 - 12.6) for delivery prior to 37 weeks. When the two groups were compared, no statistically significant correlation was found with respect to eclampsia (RR 4.70; 95%CI: 0.80 - 27.4). In the evaluation of PI above the 95th percentile and APA, 11.1% of patients had PI above the 95th percentile and at least one APA compared to 14.4% in the group without these characteristics (prevalence ratio [PR] 0.77; 95%CI: 0.11-4.96). The PR for the group with PI above the 95th percentile and at least one previous medical condition was 1.75 (95%CI: 0.31-9.75). Conclusion: Neither history of morbidity nor uterine artery Doppler was found to be associated with antiphospholipid antibodies. A significant correlation was found between increased uterine artery Doppler resistance, both when analyzed alone or in association with medical history, and obstetric/perinatal complications. No statistically significant differences were found between uterine artery Doppler associated with medical history and antiphospholipid antibodies
Doutorado
Tocoginecologia
Doutor em Tocoginecologia
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