Relevant bibliographies by topics / Thylacoleo carnifex

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Academic literature on the topic 'Thylacoleo carnifex'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Thylacoleo carnifex"

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Case, J. A. "Differences in prey utilization by Pleistocene marsupial carnivores, Thylacoleo carnifex (Thylacoleonidae) and Thylacinus cynocephalus (Thylacinidae)." Australian Mammalogy 8, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am85002.

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A case for the partitioning of prey items based upon both the body size of the predator and the prey can be made. Thylacoleo carnifex appears to have been selecting animals of large body size (though probably not Diprotodon) all of which were elements of the Australian Pleistocene megafauna. Thylacinus cynocephalus, on the other hand, seems to have been selecting animals of medium to small body size. This would suggest that the two Pleistocene marsupial carnivores, Thylacoleo carnifex and Thylacinus cynocephalus, could have coexisted within a single community because their dietary niches did not overlap.
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Finch, ME, and L. Freedman. "Functional-Morphology of the Limbs of Thylacoleo-Carnifex Owen (Thylacoleonidae, Marsupialia)." Australian Journal of Zoology 36, no. 3 (1988): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9880251.

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The limb bones and girdles of an almost complete specimen of the extinct 'marsupial lion' Thylacoleo carnifex, from Moree, New South Wales, have been fully described pictorially, metrically and in text. To investigate limb function, intra- and inter-limb segment indices and limb proportions standardised against the presacral vertebral column, were calculated for 11 samples of extant Australian marsupials. Comparisons were made between these values, those for Thylacoleo and published data for extant placental carnivores. The Thylacoleo fore- and hindlimbs were almost equal in length (FL/HL, 94%) and relatively long compared to the vertebral column (79% and 84%). In the forelimb the radius was clearly longer than the humerus (115%), and the hindlimb the tibia was considerably shorter than the femur (82%). Amongst the marsupials, the main Thylacoleo indices were most similar to those of Sarcophilus, but with some significant differences, notably in propodial/epipodial length ratios. Compared to Panthera leo there were many marked similarities. Morphologically, the Thylacoleo scapula conforms to that found in walking and trotting, rather than climbing, viverrids; the pelvis similarly agrees with that of ambulators and cursors. It was concluded that Thylacoleo carnifex was a slow- medium cursor, possibly capable of leaping. There was also a series of adaptations such as the length of the radius, the stout olecranon, the blade-like fifth metatarsal and the massive terminal phalanx of digit I, clearly implying a carnivorous habit.
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Finch, ME, and L. Freedman. "Functional-Morphology of the Vertebral Column of Thylacoleo-Carnifex Owen (Thylacoleonidae, Marsupialia)." Australian Journal of Zoology 34, no. 1 (1986): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9860001.

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The vertebral column of Thylacoleo carnifex has been described pictorially, metrically and in text. The column was then analysed by the models of Slijper (1946). Functional comparisons were made with Panthera leo and phylogenetic affinities with Trichosurus vulpecula were investigated. The analysis revealed that head- sacrum length in Thylacoleo was about three-quarters of that in Panthera and three times that in Trichosurus. Relative to trunk length, cervical, thoracic and lumbar lengths in Thylacoleo were similar to those of the lion but different from those of the possum. The Thylacoleo skull and sacrum were relatively longer than those of the possum and the lion. The shape of the sagittal stress curve, the analysis of neural spine lengths and angulations, and the orientations of the zygapophyseal articulations of Thylacoleo suggested the following: the heavy head was supported on a long neck, which revealed little sagittal bending stress and was equipped with relatively high neural spines. T1-3 spines were especially long and stout, and also caudally inclined. These features suggest strong ligamentous and muscular support and considerable mobility of the neck. Although the sacrum was long and robust, implying powerful hindlimbs, the lumbar sagittal stress curve did not show the high values expected, probably due to the counterbalancing effect of the long muscular tail, implied by the large caudal vertebrae.
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Figueirido, Borja, Alberto Martín-Serra, and Christine M. Janis. "Ecomorphological determinations in the absence of living analogues: the predatory behavior of the marsupial lion (Thylacoleo carnifex) as revealed by elbow joint morphology." Paleobiology 42, no. 3 (May 6, 2016): 508–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2015.55.

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AbstractThylacoleo carnifex, or the “pouched lion” (Mammalia: Marsupialia: Diprotodontia: Thylacoleonidae), was a carnivorous marsupial that inhabited Australia during the Pleistocene. Although all present-day researchers agree that Thylacoleo had a hypercarnivorous diet, the way in which it killed its prey remains uncertain. Here we use geometric morphometrics to capture the shape of the elbow joint (i.e., the anterior articular surface of the distal humerus) in a wide sample of extant mammals of known behavior to determine how elbow anatomy reflects forearm use. We then employ this information to investigate the predatory behavior of Thylacoleo. A principal components analysis indicates that Thylacoleo is the only carnivorous mammal to cluster with extant taxa that have an extreme degree of forearm maneuverability, such as primates and arboreal xenarthrans (pilosans). A canonical variates analysis confirms that Thylacoleo had forearm maneuverability intermediate between wombats (terrestrial) and arboreal mammals and a much greater degree of maneuverability than any living carnivoran placental. A linear discriminant analysis computed to separate the elbow morphology of arboreal mammals from terrestrial ones shows that Thylacoleo was primarily terrestrial but with some climbing abilities. We infer from our results that Thylacoleo used its forelimbs for grasping or manipulating prey to a much higher degree than its supposed extant placental counterpart, the African lion (Panthera leo). The use of the large and retractable claw on the semiopposable thumb of Thylacoleo for potentially slashing and disemboweling prey is discussed in the light of this new information.
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NEDIN, CHRISTOPHER. "The dietary niche of the extinct Australian marsupial lion: Thylacoleo carnifex Owen." Lethaia 24, no. 1 (January 1991): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1991.tb01184.x.

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Wroe, S., T. J. Myers, R. T. Wells, and A. Gillespie. "Estimating the weight of the Pleistocene marsupial lion, Thylacoleo carnifex (Thylacoleonidae:Marsupialia): implications for the ecomorphology of a marsupial super-predator and hypotheses of impoverishment of Australian marsupial carnivore faunas." Australian Journal of Zoology 47, no. 5 (1999): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo99006.

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Using demonstrated relationships between body mass and humeral and femoral circumferences, we calculate the weight of the only specimen of Thylacoleo carnifex known from a near-complete skeleton. Body weights of 112–143 kg were estimated for this individual, from Moree, north-western New South Wales. Extrapolating on the basis of geometric similtude, we further estimated the weight of the largest T. carnifex for which we had cranial data at 128–164 kg. Moreover, estimates for at least three of the thirteen available specimens exceeded 124–160 kg, suggesting that individuals of this size were common. Our estimates of average weight for the species range from 101 to 130 kg. These results clearly show that Pleistocene Australia had a 'large' cat equivalent and that 'large' terrestrial predator niches were not then occupied exclusively by reptiles.They may also diminish the argument that soil-nutrient deficiency constrained the evolution of large mammalian carnivores on this continent in the Pleistocene. Similarly, we posit that prima facie evidence for reptilian domination of terrestrial carnivore niches during the Miocene is wanting, although it is conceded that far more detailed investigation is required to comprehensively test these hypotheses. Earlier studies have drawn parallels between T. carnifex and sabre-toothed predators, thought to have specialised in hunting particularly large and powerful prey. Taken in the context of upwardly revised weight estimates, we argue that Pleistocene marsupial lions may have dispatched even Diprotodon-sized animals. But again, more comprehensive study, including thorough biomechanical design analysis of the post-cranial skeleton in particular, will be required to thoroughly illuminate the predatory habitus and general ecology of Australia's largest and most specialised marsupial carnivore.
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Wells, Roderick T., and Aaron B. Camens. "New skeletal material sheds light on the palaeobiology of the Pleistocene marsupial carnivore, Thylacoleo carnifex." PLOS ONE 13, no. 12 (December 12, 2018): e0208020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208020.

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Wells, Roderick T., Peter F. Murray, and Steven J. Bourne. "Pedal morphology of the marsupial lion Thylacoleo carnifex (Diprotodontia: Thylacoleonidae) from the Pleistocene of Australia." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29, no. 4 (December 12, 2009): 1335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1671/039.029.0424.

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Minard, P. "Making the ‘Marsupial Lion‘: Bunyips, Networked Colonial Knowledge Production between 1830–59 and the Description of Thylacoleo carnifex." Historical Records of Australian Science 29, no. 2 (2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr18003.

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This article explores the processes leading up to the description of Thylacoleo carnifex by Richard Owen in 1859. It argues that it resulted from thirty years of searching for extinct marsupial predators in Australian fossil sites, starting with the discovery of the first Australian marsupial megafauna fossils in 1830. Australian farmers, colonial and metropolitan scientists and anonymous indigenous informants conducted this search. Together these individuals formed a scientific network that found, shipped and inscribed fossils as marsupial carnivores. This network involved the constant movement of ideas, people and fossils to and from the Australian colonies as colonial investigators sought patronage, personal status and the incorporation of Australian deep time within European theoretical models. This networked model demonstrates the agency of colonial investigators without flattening the very real power differentials they had to negotiate when metropolitan experts sought out specimens, correspondents and supporters.
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Price, Gilbert J., Julien Louys, Garry K. Smith, and Jonathan Cramb. "Shifting faunal baselines through the Quaternary revealed by cave fossils of eastern Australia." PeerJ 6 (January 22, 2019): e6099. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6099.

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Fossils from caves in the Manning Karst Region, New South Wales, Australia have long been known, but until now have never been assessed for their palaeontological significance. Here, we report on late Quaternary faunal records from eight caves in the region. Extinct Pleistocene megafaunal taxa are recognised in two systems and include giant echidnas (Tachyglossidae gen. et sp. indet.), devils (Sarcophilus laniarius), koalas (Phascolarctos stirtoni), marsupial ‘lions’ (Thylacoleo carnifex), and kangaroos (Macropus giganteus titan). Some caves contain skeletal remains of introduced exotics such as sheep and dogs, but also provide a rich record of small-bodied native species including Eastern Bettongs (Bettongia gaimardi), Eastern Chestnut Mice (Pseudomys gracilicaudatus), and White-footed Rabbit Rats (Conilurus albipes). These endemics are either locally extirpated or have suffered total extinction in the historic period. Their skeletal and dental remains were recorded as unmineralised surface specimens in the caves, indicating that they are recent in age. Extant populations have never been recorded locally, thus, their probable loss from the region in historic times had gone unnoticed in the absence of palaeo-evidence. Our findings suggest that the supposed habitat tolerances of such species have been substantially underestimated. It is highly likely that modern populations have suffered niche contraction since the time of European colonisation of the continent. The local extirpations of several species of digging mammal has likely led to decreased functionality of the current ecosystem.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Thylacoleo carnifex"

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Nedin, Christopher. "The nature of the Precambrian-Cambrian transition in the northern Flinders Ranges, South Australia ; The dietary niche of the extinct Australian marsupial lion Thylacoleo carnifex Owen /." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1990. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbn371.pdf.

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Thesis (B. Sc.(Hons.))--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geology and Geophysics, 1991?
Two col. maps in pocket. National grid reference: Coply SH54-9 1:250 000. Includes bibliographical references.
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Books on the topic "Thylacoleo carnifex"

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Jill, Ruse, and Western Australian Museum, eds. The short, tragic life of Leo the marsupial lion. Welshpool, W.A: Western Australian Museum, 2009.

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